13
Friday, November 6, 15

Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    1

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 2: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Yalta Conference- Summer of 1945- Meeting between Churchill; FDR and Stalin - Discuss what would happen after WWII is over- Growing fears over ideologies- Russian Communism vs. Western Democracy

What to do with Germany?

What to do with countries that Germany has destroyed?

What do with the financial responsibility of rebuilding Europe?

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 3: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Democracy vs. Communism- Governmental Philosophies that see the entire world through a different paradigm- Communism prioritizes the state; Democracy prioritizes the individual

Democracy is based on Capitalism (the economy where each person is free to run their businesses within a free market)...

Communism is based on Marxism (where the state owns/operates everything and workers funnel everything to the government who THEN gives an equal share to each worker)

THESE ARE, quite literally, OPPOSITE VIEWPOINTS OF HOW TO RUN YOUR COUNTRY...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 4: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Democracy vs. Communism

Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side.

In the ’40’s:- Stalin keeps his ARMY in Eastern Europe to “maintain the peace”; but secretly is creating Communist states that will become part of the newly formed United Socialist States of Russia (USSR)

- Churchill concludes: “An Iron Curtain...”

- USA (Truman) takes a very important stance on how to best proceed with an aggressive Russia - He adopts a policy known as “Containment”

- “Containment” becomes the most important political word for the next 40 years in America...

- Dividing Germany...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 5: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Germany DividedOut of Yalta Conference, the 3 sides decided to split Germany and occupy it following WWII

Why?- Ensure no new aggression- Oversee re-development of country- Split gives both POWERS (West and East) chance to influence Germany’s re-growth

Issues?- West = Capitalism; THRIVES- East = Communism; STRUGGLES

- Berlin (capital) is deep inside USSR zone; but is divided into 4 parts also... USSR decided to deny anyone from East Berlin to travel to West Berlin...

- Berlin Airlift: Passive means to help Berlin citizens without starting WWIII between East and West... Berlin Wall...

Marshall Plan does NOT HELP!

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 6: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

The Berlin WallCompletely encircled the Western side of

Berlin to prevent ANYONE from going from East to West without permission...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 7: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

The Berlin WallCompletely encircled the Western side of

Berlin to prevent ANYONE from going from East to West without permission...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 8: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

The Berlin WallCompletely encircled the Western side of

Berlin to prevent ANYONE from going from East to West without permission...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 9: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

The Berlin WallCompletely encircled the Western side of

Berlin to prevent ANYONE from going from East to West without permission...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 10: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Mistrust; Fear- Fear that Communism would spread across the globe, if left unchecked, leads to the USA creating: CIA, NSA, DoD and other agencies- Korean Conflict - Communists give aid; USA fearful, also gives aid (troops) - Stalemate... No winner & in 1953 - DMZ is created (still present today)- Mutually Assured Destruction: - Both USSR and USA create and maintain HUGE amounts of A-Bombs - Basic Idea: if one fires; the other will and we’re guaranteed to “b gon!” - Cuban Revolucion and the Cuban Missile Crisis (’62)- Space Race - Who can develop better, faster, more advanced technology?- Vietnam Conflict

And on and on and on...

RED SCARE

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 11: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Red Scare/ McCarthyism- Many Americans began fearing that Communists would not wait for a war to destroy America... but they would simply take over our country by infiltrating our Government

- Joseph McCarthy, Senator from Wisconsin- McCarthy’s List - supposedly over 200 names of current members of the Government who were secret Communist Spies...

- “Witch Hunts” (by ’54, he had lost ANY power)

- Showed how easily the American people could become fanatical and hysterical over Communism

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 12: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

End of the Cold War- The Cold War lasted from ’45 to ’91 and was “fought” on many frontiers

- There were many violent conflicts which involved other countries that were supported and aided by the SuperPowers (Communism and Democracy) such as Korea, Vietnam & Middle East

- Ultimately, it took less extreme leadership from both America and USSR to bring peace: - In 1989, the Berlin Wall was torn down - In 1991, the USSR falls apart and many of the former “Eastern Bloc” countries gain their independence

The Cold War ended, but tensions still exist today to a MUCH MUCH lesser extent...

Friday, November 6, 15

Page 13: Friday, November 6, 15 · Democracy vs. Communism Both sides - The West (Britain, France, USA) and USSR (Russia) do not trust the other side. In the ’40’s: - Stalin keeps his

Tomorrow’s ClassBe sure to log on to the Google Docs Form to answer tonight’s Lecture Q’s...

Be sure to check your notes and highlight any Q’s you want to address in tomorrow’s Q & A session during class.

Remember, this is a 30,000 ft overview... there are MANY details we have had to fly over. If you want to learn more about today’s topic; check out the links on our class website.

Congrats on investing in your future... by doing your homework!

Friday, November 6, 15