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“From Sectionalism to Nationalism” 1815-1840

“From Sectionalism to Nationalism”

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“From Sectionalism to Nationalism”. 1815-1840. The Industrial Revolution. Spread from Britain New sources of power, such as steam, replaced human and animal power Machines replaced hand tools Economy shifted from farming to manufacturing Population shift to cities. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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“From Sectionalism to Nationalism”

1815-1840

The Industrial RevolutionSpread from BritainNew sources of power, such as steam,

replaced human and animal powerMachines replaced hand toolsEconomy shifted from farming to

manufacturingPopulation shift to cities

Hargreave’s Spinning Jenny, 1764

Factory systemTextile factories came first Investors lent money (capital) to textile

mill owners so they could build their factories. These investors were called capitalists.

Women and children mostly worked in the factories, 12 hrs a day, 6 days a week

Large dams were constructed to harness even more power from the rivers.  Shown below is a dam located in Holyoke, Massachusetts.  This dam was 1,019 feet long and could generate 30,000 horsepower.

http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~lodonnel/holyoke/holyoke31.html

Children in FactoriesBoys and girls as young as seven would

work 12 hour days in the factories.They were especially useful for

squeezing into the machines to change parts.

http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabor/index.html

One of the spinners in Whitnel Cotton Mill. She was 51 inches high. Has been in the mill one year. Sometimes works at night. Runs 4 sides - 48 cents a day. When asked how old she was, she hesitated, then said, "I don't remember," then added confidentially, "I'm not old enough to work, but do just the same."

The overseer said apologetically, "She just happened in." She was working steadily. The mills seem full of youngsters who "just happened in" or "are helping sister."

Workers Stringing Beans, Baltimore, MDJune 7, 1909National Archives and Records AdministrationRecords of the Department of Commerce and Labor, Children's Bureau

http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabor/

Eli Whitney Interchangeable

parts, cotton gin

Americans move westTurnpikes were built with gravel so

water would shed off themCorduroy roads kept wagons from

sinking in the mudCongress approved money for a

National Road to be built

Steam transportRobert Fulton launched the start of

steamboat travel with his steamboat The Clermont

Steamboat travel could be dangerous

As steamboat captains raced each other along the river, high-pressure boilers sometimes exploded.

Between 1811 and 1851, 44 steam boats collided, 166 burned, and more than 200 exploded!

Erie Canal - linked the Great Lakes with the Mohawk and Hudson Rivers.

ERIE CANAL SONGI've got a mule, her name is Sal,

15 miles on the Erie CanalShe's a good old worker and a good old pal,

15 miles on the Erie CanalWe've hauled some barges in our day

filled with lumber, coal and hayAnd we know every inch of the way from

Albany to Buffalo.Chorus:

Low bridge, everybody downLow bridge for we're coming to a town

And you'll always know your neighbor, you'll always know your pal

If you've ever navigated on the Erie Canal.

UnityJames Monroe, a

Revolutionary war hero, hoped to create a sense of national unity with his “era of good feelings”

Division

Jo h n C . C a lh o unS ou th

F o r S la ve ryA g a in st stro ng fe de ra l g ov t.

D a n ie l W e bs te rN o r th

S lav ery w as ev ilF e d g ov t sh ou ld he lp e co n om y

H e nry C layW e s t

F a vo red s tro ng go v t.

3 S e ction a l L ea de rs

The American SystemHenry Clay’s ideaHigh tariffs on imports to protect

American manufacturersThe South didn’t like the plan

Supreme Court expanded federal power

McCulloch v Maryland – states couldn’t interfere with federal institutions (like the National Bank)

Gibbons v Ogden – states couldn’t regulate interstate commerce

Adams-Onis TreatySpain sold Florida to U.S. for $5 million

in 1821

Monroe DoctrineWe would stay out of European affairs.We would resist any European attempts

to gain control of the new Latin American nations.

Britain supported our position…so here begins the long standing tradition of friendship and alliance.