Fruit Juice Processing Technologies

8/10/2019 Fruit Juice Processing Technologies

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Fruit Juice ProcessingTechnologies

Belaniso, Kay Kathleen

Belonguel, Joyce Marian


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General Process Steps in Fruit JuiceProduction

Pre-treatment of Fruits

Juice Extraction

Juice Clarification and Refining

Juice Pasteurization and Concentration (for purees)


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Pretreatment of Fruits for Fruit juiceProduction

Washing

Sorting

Peeling/Destemming/Trimming

Size Reduction (Milling/Chopping/Crushing)


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Washing

Fruit washers are usually conveyor belts or roller conveyors withwater sprays, brushes or rubber rolls.

Addition of detergents can be done or 1.5% HCl solution with wawater to remove traces of insecticides or fungicides.

Using warm water at about 50 C

Figure 1. a. rotary conveyor washer with brushes; b. belt conveyor washer; c. belt

conveyor washer with spray.

a b c


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Sorting

Sorting can be done by variety or maturity. Table 1 below presenthe different sorting methods.

Table 1. Fruit sorting methods

Sorting Method Description

By size Rollers, Diverging belts, reels with holes

By weight Sorted into 20 or more weight grades

By texture firmness Bounce System

By color Citrus color sorter measures green to yellow ratio


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Peeling/Destemming/Trimming

Peeling Removal of peels of the fruit before juice extraction

Destemming Removal of stems that are still attached to the fr

Trimming Usually done manually; used to remove remainingdefective parts of the fruit


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Peeling

Table 2. Different peeling methods used in Fruit juice Processing


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Size reduction is usually used for fruits that are hard, such asapples or pears.

Common size reduction equipment usedFruit Grinding Mill a rotating disk with grinding knives arranged radially

The speed of the disk can be adjusted to produce the desired particle siz

Figure 2. Fruit Grinding Mill


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Rasp or grater mill it has a revolving metal cylinder with adjustable toothblades which rotate toward a set of parallel knives or plates.

Fixed blade hammer mills it has a rotor with fixed blades which rotate wita perforated screen. Hammer mills can be arranged horizontally, sloping orvertical shaft mounted.

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of fixed blade hammer mill(left); Fixed blade hammer mill equipment (right)


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Juice Extraction

Citrus Juice Extraction Juice can be extracted from the whole fruit without cutting it in half.

Figure 4. Whole fruit juice extractor.


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Juice Extraction

Fruit is cut into have before extracting the juice.

Figure 5. Fruit juice Extractor equipment


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Juice Extraction

PressingFor extracting juice from fruits like apples, the size reduction step was a

preparation for this step. After milling the fruits, it is then subjected topressing process to extract the juice from the fruit.

Belt press for continuous operation, a belt press can be used. A layer ofmash is pumped into the belt entering the machine.

Figure 6. belt press for juice processing


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Juice Extraction

Centrifugation the liquid juice is separated from the solids frothe milled fruit through their difference of density with the aid centrifugal force.

Figure 7. Centrifuge equipment


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Juice Clarification and Refining

Centrifugation can be used as a clarification step to removesuspended solids in the juice.

Filtration to remove insoluble matter in the juice.


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Juice Pasteurization and Concentration


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References

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http://juicemachinery.com/7b-brush-cleaning.html

http://www.toreuse.com/category/agriculture-and-food-processing/vegetable-and-fruit-processing-machinery-and-equipment/fruit-and-vegetable-washing-and-cleaning-equipment/

http://juicemachinery.com/7c-brush-washing.html

http://www.ewon.biz/en/ewon-and-raster-products-press-conference-on-remote-maintenance.html?cmp_id=7&news_id=895

http://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/org/nfri/english/organization/bunseki/hihakai.html http://www.schiercompany.com/Page12.html

http://www.bertuzzi.it/cms/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=133&Itemid=1#

https://reader010.{domain}/reader010/html5/0606/5b171519ab423/5b1715218e407.jpg http://www.chinaqualitycrafts.com/images/z20746b3/belt_press.html

http://www.triowinpropack.com/machinery/clarification&ultrafiltration%20section/clarificaati20system.html
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Fruit Juice Processing Technologies