PROJECT REPORTPROJECT REPORT

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEMFUEL INJECTION SYSTEMOF DIESEL ENGINESOF DIESEL ENGINES

PROJECT GUIDE : PROJECT GUIDE : Mrs. PRATIBHA KUMARIMrs. PRATIBHA KUMARI

PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BYMohd.ShoebMohd.Shoeb

Anupam MunjalAnupam MunjalRadhika YadavRadhika Yadav

NEED AND SCOPENEED AND SCOPE

To provide a working model To provide a working model ofof

FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM FOR DIESEL ENGINEFOR DIESEL ENGINE

for the automobile lab of for the automobile lab of mechanical engineering mechanical engineering

department,KIET.department,KIET.This model will help the This model will help the

students to gain a practical students to gain a practical knowledge about actual knowledge about actual working process of a fuel working process of a fuel injection system in diesel injection system in diesel

engine.engine.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

THE INJECTION SYSTEM IN DIESELTHE INJECTION SYSTEM IN DIESEL ENGINES CAN BE OF TWO TYPES:ENGINES CAN BE OF TWO TYPES: 1. AIR INJECTION.1. AIR INJECTION. 2. AIRLESS INJECTION.2. AIRLESS INJECTION. IN IN AIR INJECTION SYSTEMAIR INJECTION SYSTEM THE DIESEL IS THE DIESEL IS

INJECTED ALONG WITH THE COMPRESSED INJECTED ALONG WITH THE COMPRESSED AIR WHEREAS INAIR WHEREAS IN

AIRLESS INJECTION SYSTEMAIRLESS INJECTION SYSTEM ONLY ONLY THE LIQUID DIESEL IS INJECTED INTOTHE LIQUID DIESEL IS INJECTED INTO THE CYLINDER.THE CYLINDER.

MAIN COMPONENTSMAIN COMPONENTS THE MAIN COMPONENTS USED IN THETHE MAIN COMPONENTS USED IN THE MODEL ARE:MODEL ARE: FUEL TANKFUEL TANK FEED VALVEFEED VALVE PLUNGER TYPE PUMPPLUNGER TYPE PUMP PRESSURE GUAGEPRESSURE GUAGE FUEL INJECTORFUEL INJECTOR NOZZLENOZZLE

BLOCK DIAGRAMBLOCK DIAGRAM

FUELTANK

FUELPUMP

FEED VALVE

PRESSUREGUAGE

PLUNGER TYPE

NOZZLE

FUEL SPRAY

INTO

CYLINDER

Maruti 800Maruti 800 28 28 litersliters

Skoda Skoda lauralaura

55 55 litersliters

Mercedes Mercedes c-classc-class

62 62 litersliters

Tata indicaTata indica 37 37 litersliters

FUEL TANK CAPACITYFUEL TANK CAPACITY

FUEL INJECTION PUMPFUEL INJECTION PUMP

A FUEL INJECTION PUMP IS USED TOA FUEL INJECTION PUMP IS USED TO TO SUPPLY PRECISELY METERED TO SUPPLY PRECISELY METERED

QUANTITY OF DIESEL UNDER HIGH QUANTITY OF DIESEL UNDER HIGH PRESSURE TO THE INJECTORS AT WELL PRESSURE TO THE INJECTORS AT WELL

TIMED INSTANTS. TIMED INSTANTS.

TYPES OF FUEL INJECTION TYPES OF FUEL INJECTION PUMPSPUMPS

1.VARIABLE SPILL AND VARIABLE 1.VARIABLE SPILL AND VARIABLE STOKE TYPESSTOKE TYPES

2.SINGLE CYLINDER(PLUNGER) AND 2.SINGLE CYLINDER(PLUNGER) AND MULTI CYLINDER(PLUNGER) TYPESMULTI CYLINDER(PLUNGER) TYPES3.JERK PUMP TYPE AND DISTRIBUTOR 3.JERK PUMP TYPE AND DISTRIBUTOR TYPETYPE4.CAM OPERATED IN LINE PLUNGER 4.CAM OPERATED IN LINE PLUNGER

TYPE AND ROTARY DISTRIBUTOR TYPE AND ROTARY DISTRIBUTOR TYPETYPE

FUEL INJECTION PUMPFUEL INJECTION PUMP(MULTI CYLINDER)(MULTI CYLINDER)

(courtesy of “www.alibaba.com”)(courtesy of “www.alibaba.com”)

FUEL INJECTORFUEL INJECTOR A FUEL INJECTOR IS USED TO INJECT A FUEL INJECTOR IS USED TO INJECT

THE FUEL IN THE CYLINDER IN ATOMISED THE FUEL IN THE CYLINDER IN ATOMISED FORM AND IN PROPER QUANTITY. FUEL FORM AND IN PROPER QUANTITY. FUEL INJECTORS ARE AVAILABLE IN SEVERAL INJECTORS ARE AVAILABLE IN SEVERAL DESIGNS.MAIN COMPONENTS OF FUEL DESIGNS.MAIN COMPONENTS OF FUEL INJECTORS ARE : NOZZLE INJECTORS ARE : NOZZLE

VALVEVALVE BODYBODY SPRING SPRING The nozzle is its main part which is The nozzle is its main part which is

attached to the nozzle holder. Entry of fuel in attached to the nozzle holder. Entry of fuel in the injector is from the fuel injection pump. the injector is from the fuel injection pump.

FUEL INJECTION FUEL INJECTION LOCATIONLOCATION

FIRING FUEL INJECTORFIRING FUEL INJECTOR

INJECTION NOZZLESINJECTION NOZZLES The nozzle is the main part of injector The nozzle is the main part of injector

which is attached to the nozzle holder. which is attached to the nozzle holder. There are two types of nozzle:There are two types of nozzle:

1. Closed 1. Closed 2. Open 2. Open

The distinction being according to whether The distinction being according to whether the injection pressure is controlled by a the injection pressure is controlled by a spring loaded needle valve or whether spring loaded needle valve or whether valve is dispensed with. Open nozzles valve is dispensed with. Open nozzles

are not much used these days.are not much used these days.

TYPES OF NOZZLETYPES OF NOZZLE The closed type injection nozzles may be The closed type injection nozzles may be

classified into following types:classified into following types:1.1. Hole type: single hole type and multiple Hole type: single hole type and multiple

hole typehole type2.2. Pintle typePintle type3.3. Pintaux typePintaux type4.4. Long stem typeLong stem type5.5. Delayed action typeDelayed action type6.6. Throttle typeThrottle type

VCOVCO FUEL INJECTION FUEL INJECTION NOZZLENOZZLE