Future Fermilab Flavor Physics ProgramBrendan Casey , Fermilab, FPCP2011

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Probing the highest energies

2/24

0.1

10

1000

100000

10000000

1000000000

100000000000

10000000000000

1000000000000000New Physics Energy Scale, LNP

103 TeV

1 TeV

1013 TeV

)( ttAfbLHC compositeness

Bm

eKm

n seesaw p

p

K+

KL

p

n

n ,ne

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Current Rings/Accelerators

3/24

NuMI

BooNE

Tevatron

Cockcroft-Walton750 keV

LINAC400 MeV

Booster8 GeV

Recycler8 GeV

Main Injector 150 GeV Accumulator & Debuncher8 GeV

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Upgrades for experiments this decade

4/24

NuMIBooNE

200 MHz RFQ

LINAC400 MeV

Booster8 GeV

Recycler8 GeV

Main Injector 150 GeV Accumulator & Debuncher8 GeV

LBNE

Mu2e

g-2

K+

p

Booster:7 Hz 15 Hz

2x flux @ 8 GeV

MI:400 kW 700 kW

@ 120 GeV

Major proton source accelerator improvement project for increased beam power and reliability for next 15 years of operation

Next generation muon, Kaon, and neutrino experiments

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Upgrades for Experiments next decade

5/24

> 2 MW @ 60-80 GeV

LBNE

Short baseline n experiments

g-2, EDM

K+K0

Rare isotopes, EDMs

Nuclear energy and waste transmutation test facility

1 GeV available

~3 MW high duty factor @ 3 GeV

NeNEDM

e, eee+e--e+

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Neutrino Beamlines

6/24

LocalMiniBooNE

MicroBooNEMINERvA

SBNEMinnesota

on axis735 km MINOS

+ upgrades

Minnesota off axis810kmNOvA

+ upgrades

South Dakota wide band

1300kLBNE

+ upgrades

n factory???+

upgrades

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Leptogenesis• “Archeological evidence:”

– No electroweak baryogenesis– CPV in light, left n– Lepton number violation

• What info do we need to do these experiments?

7/24

*HlN

HlN

R

R

-

0L

0)( - LB

0B

GUT

EWMurayama hep-ph/0208005

PMNS

Need to know q13

Need to know mass hierarchy

n1

n3

n2 n3

m2> 0

n2n1

m2< 0

0nbb expectations

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

NOvA

8/24

ne

ne

Ash River 4/18/2011

n1

n3n2

n3

m2> 0

n2n1m2< 0

Oscillation frequency increases or decreases depending on hierarchy

Effective mass

Far detector Building May 18

Antineutrino interaction in surface prototype

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

LBNE

9/24

• Longer baseline– 8101300km

• Larger detector– 2 x 100 kt Water– 2 x 17 kt Liquid Ar

• Next generation q13, CPV experiments

• Broad physics program– Oscillations– Astrophysics– Proton decay

• Scope of each will depend on detector choice

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

n-factory

10/24

Ultimate and perhaps necessary reach comes from muon storage ring

Muon acceleration program (MAP) formed to unify US funded R&D and prove feasibility of muon collider in the next few years

MuCool test area at Fermilab.First beam

delivered Feb 2011

Project X

4 MW p, 5 GeV

Variations on LBNE

n factory

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

And much more

11/24

Address anomalies with MicroBooNE, MINOS+

Precision cross section measurements with

MINERvA

ArgoNeuTAmbitious LAr R&D program

BooNE

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Antiprotons

12/24

World’s greatest antimatter factory

2.6 nanograms last year

Will be repurposed for muon production but there is still interesting physics that

may be unique to this facility

Charm, hyperon, exotics

Anti Hydrogen

Anti Gravity

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Kaons

13/24

Same motivation for FCNC B and K programs

Difference is the size of the SM ‘background’

Generic couplings: Kaons win, flavor specific: need both

b

s

s

d

9

4

103:

103:-

-

sB

sb1100

11

104.2:

108.7:-

-

nnp

nnp

K

K

B mesons: Vts l2 or Vtd l3 or Vub l3

Kaons: Vts* Vtd l5

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Kp nn

14/24

1st 2nd 3rd generation at BNL = 7 event data sample

Can get hundreds of evts per year starting with beam from Main Injector

and continuing with Project X

BNL E787 event display

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

K0p 0nn

15/24

Pico-bunches

Pointing

Plus a lot more

200 evt/yr possible with Project X

Pencil beam

Generic couplings: Kaons win, flavor specific: need both

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Other Kaon measurements

16/24

Enormous data sets + multipurpose detectors = lots of physics

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Charged lepton flavor program

17/24

An observation of charged lepton flavor violation expected in the next decade implies existence of a new mixing matrix.

Expect same as quarks, neutrinos: multi-decade program to determine 4 parameters of the matrix

ee

eeee→e, N→eN

→e, eee

→, (g-2)e, (g-2), (g-2)

Cold traps,intense muon sources,super B factories,/charm factories, lepton colliders,Hadron colliders…

CP violation: lepton EDM measurements

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

G-2

18/24

target

ring

Pbar complex

• Follow up of BNL experiment but better:– Reuse the storage ring– 10x longer decay

channel– Segmented calorimeters– Tracking– >20x statistics, >2x less

systematics• Coupled with a world

wide program to interpret the measurement

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Mu2e

19/24

Direct conversion of a muon into an electron Diagrams in common with

e

Mu2e goal: 3 x10-17 wrt capture (LNP~104 TeV)

Diagrams not accessible to

esignalbkg

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

e with Project X

20/23

Option 1: LFV established design for precision measurements / properties

Option 2: LFV not established design for maximum sensitivity3 x 10-19 possible with Project X beam power

Conversion rate vrs target Z

Vector current

Scalar current

dipole

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

EDMs

21/24

MFV + 1 new phase + Bs CPV = EDM

Large Bs CPV shrinks available parameter space

Thalliumneutron

Mercury

10-25

10-30

Buras, Isidori, Paradisi arXiv:1007.5291

Bs CPV

EDMs this decade ?!?!

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

EDMs• e EDM:

– Can amplify signal using high Z Alkali metals• Outer electron is in s-wave: size of

electron becomes size of atom.• Factor ~1000 enhancement for

Francium– Project X nuclear physics facility: copious

production of desired heavy isotopes• EDM:

– EDM tilts precession plane of muons in a storage ring• Factor 100 improvement possible with

New g-2 experiment• Extra factor 10000 possible with

dedicated storage ring in Project X muon facility

22/23

B

S

E

rest frameB

S

w

w

E

EDM≠0

EDM=0

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Near term timeline

23/24

B. Casey, FPCP 2011

Conclusions

24/24

p

K+

KL

p

n

n ,ne

• Fermilab is planning a diverse neutrino and targeted rare process program that covers many of the most important low energy observables

• In several cases, Fermilab is the best place to perform these experiments– Beam power + duty factor– In many, it is the only place to perform

these measurements to high precision due to unique features of Project X

• The program will play an integral role in interpreting LHC results, will push the envelope in precision detector technology, and will provide unique opportunities to grad students and post docs.