Geltungsbereich der EASA Regeln Jüngste Entwicklung der ... · gewerbsmässig eingesetzten Luftfahrzeugen unter 5 ... Jüngste Entwicklung der EASA Regulierungen Part 66: ... 13

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©Übersicht Gesetzgebung 2009Übersicht Gesetzgebung 2009

Inhalt:Inhalt:

Geltungsbereich der EASA Regeln

Jüngste Entwicklung der EASA Regulierungen

Noch bestehende nationale Regulierungen

– VLL

– Kennzeichen

– Nationale Lizenzen VLIp

– Lufttüchtigkeitsanweisungen

– Technische Mitteilungen

– Störungsmeldungen

– Unterhaltsunterlagen

– BAZL Formulare



EASA Regeln, GeltungsbereichEASA Regeln, Geltungsbereich

VLL bezieht sich auf EASA Grundverordnung (216/2008) unddie Durchführungsbestimmungen

– 1702/2003 (Zulassung, 'Part 21') und

– 2042/2003 (Aufrechterhaltung der Lufttüchtigkeit, 'Part M,Part 66, Part 145, Part 147')

Wo EASA (noch) nicht reguliert hat, gilt weiterhin natioanlesRecht, namentlich für 'Annex II' Luftfahrzeuge

Segelflugzeuge und Motorsegler sind nicht 'Annex II'

EASA hat die NAAs angewiesen, die Bestimmungen bei nichtgewerbsmässig eingesetzten Luftfahrzeugen unter 5.7 t nichtdurchzusetzen bis 'angepasste' EASA Regeln erlassen sind.



Jüngste Entwicklung der EASA RegulierungenJüngste Entwicklung der EASA Regulierungen

1056/2008 führt European Light Aircraft ein: ..; sailplane or poweredsailplane with an MTOM less than 1000 kg that is not classified as complex motor-powered aircraft; ...

Zusätzlich eine noch 'einfachere' Kategorie: Light Sport Aeroplane:... MTOM 600 kg; Vso 45 kcas; max. 2 seats; propeller ...

Behörde kann ()Lufttüchtigkeitszeugnis bis längstens 28.9.2011nach nationalem Recht verlängern

Gewisse Fristerstreckungen für Freigabe nicht gewerbsmässigeingesetzter Lfz unter 5.7 t




Part M ist bereits 'angepasst':

– Pilot-owner authorisation genauer gefasst (M.A.803)

– Diverse Anpassungen, u.a.Verantwortlichkeiten fürUnterhaltsprogramme (M.A.302), Dokumentation,Komponenten, Unterhaltsbetriebe, Berechtigungen(Airworthiness Review, Erfahrung für Lfz ARS < 2730 kg(M.A.707(a)2) . . . .

– Freigabe von ELA1 (nicht gewerbsmässig eingesetzt) kann mitpersönlicher Lizenz erfolgen (M.A.801(c))

– Lizenzträger kann ELA1 prüfen und der Behörde Antrag aufVerlängerung des LTZ stellen (2x)




Part 66: noch keine Bestimmungen für Segelflugzeugmechaniker esgelten die bisherigen nationalen, aber

CRD 2008-03 sagt was kommen soll (Opinion 04-2009 ~ April 2010?)

– Neue Lizenz B3 für Kolbenflugzeuge bis 2000 kg ohne Druckkabine

– Neue Lizenz L für Segelflugzeuge, Motorsegler und Flugzeuge bis1000 kg, Ballone, Heissluft- und 'einfache' Luftschiffe:

Limited-L, Full-L levels

"Modular", Ratings: Holz- / Verbundwerkstoff- / Metall- / Flugzeuge/ Segelflugzeuge / Triebwerk / Heissluft- / Gas- / Ballone +Luftschiffe / Radio-Comm/Transponder

– Nationale Regeln für SF, MS etc (L-Lizenz) gelten noch 3 Jahre nachInkrafttreten (Art.8/2042)




CRD 2008-03 Fortsetzung

– 'L' Ausbildung in Part-147 oder NAA genehmigter Schule (66.A.25)

– 'Limited-L' kann auf Erfahrung + Prüfung ausgestellt werden

– Praktische Erfahrung: 6 / 12 Monate für Limited-L, für Full-Lzusätzlich 1 Jahr als Limited-L (66.A.30(a)6/7)

– Vollständig neuer Syllabus für L (Appendix VII) 13 Module

– 66.A.20 Berechtigungen:

(a)5: Kategorie B3: Flugzeuge inkl. Triebwerk, Systeme undeinfach überprüfbare Avionic Arbeiten

(a)6: Kategorie L




CRD 2007-07 (Opinion 05-2009): Berechtigungen B1/B2, Ratings

– B1 kann 'work on avionic systems' statt nur 'replacement ofavionic line replaceable units' freigeben

– B2 kann electrical und avionic tasks auch in Triebwerken undmechanischen Systemen freigeben

– B2 kann auch A-Arbeiten freigeben

– Part-66 Ausbildung wird erweitert um

Integrated Modular Avionics (ATA42)

Cabin Systems (ATA44)

Information systems (ATA46)

– Anzahl Prüfungsfragen muss durch 4 teilbar sein




CRD 2007-07 (Fortsetzung)

– Type training soll mit OSD (Operational Suitability Data) definiertwerden: TC-Halter muss auch Mindestausbildung fürUnterhaltspersonal spezifizieren (neu: ICA Instructions for ContinuedAirworthiness)

– Type training kann auch für 'non complex motor powered aircraft'verlangt weden, wenn

Wartung besondere Kenntnisse erfordert

Zugelassen über FL 290

Fly by wire

Mehrmotorige Helikopter

– Group rating Möglichkeiten erweitert (?)

– (Bessere?) Definition von TRT (Type Rating Training) und OJT (On theJob Training)




CRD 2007-07 (Fortsetzung)

– Mindest Theorie-Ausbildungszeiten spezifiziert

– TNA (Training Needs Analysis) eingeführt

– Ausbildung auf 6 Std pro Tag beschränkt

– Type Rating Training Inhalt und Dauer 'spezifiziert'

– Assessment of the practical training assessor (AMC)

– Worksheet/logbook für Praxis (AMC) (SVFB/BAZL)

– NAA muss –147 Zertifikat anerkennen (!)

– Übergangsfrist 15 Monate

– Etc.



TheThe European Regulator: EASAEuropean Regulator: EASA ((StructureStructure FebruaryFebruary 2009)2009) wwwwww..easaeasa..eueu..intint



TheThe Swiss NAA: FOCASwiss NAA: FOCA ((StructureStructure August 2008)August 2008) wwwwww..bazlbazl..adminadmin..chch

Important forairworthiness



BR Base for EASA, essential requirementsairworthiness, excepts Annex II aircraft

Basic Regulation1592/2002, 216/2008

CS, AMC and GM

IR define technical requirements andadministrative procedures for airworthiness

Parts:

Section A: detailed technical requirementsSection B: procedures for authoritiesAppendices

Certification Specifications are options!

Acceptable Means of Compliance andGuidance Material are explanatory: how canthe responsible person and the authorityproceed to comply with a requirement.

Part-M, Sections A, B Part

-66

Part

-145

Implementing rules2042/2003, amended

1702

TheThe structurestructure of EASAof EASA regulationsregulations http://http://wwwwww..easaeasa..eueu..intint//homehome//regulregul_en._en.htmlhtml



The structureThe structure of Swissof Swiss aviation regulationsaviation regulations

Aviation is matter of theConfederation (Art. 37)

Constitution of the Confederationpopular vote

Federal Aviation LawFederal Assembly

Ordinances / DecreesFederal Council or DETEC

Advisory & guidance materialFOCA

states principles and responsibilities ofhandling aviation matters

specific regulations, e.g. (VLIb, VLIpetc) airworthiness, operations, airspaceuse, licences etc

explanatory and instruction publicationson procedures, FOCA practice etc



The remainingThe remaining SwissSwiss airworthiness regulationsairworthiness regulations

• Aircraft Registers are national: HB-..., F-..., D-...customs, taxes, trade, aircraft documents, VKZ markings.

Constitution

Aviation Law

Ordinances

Guidance

Ordinances / Decrees

• Aviation ordinance LFV: applicable rules for non EASA aircraft

• Airworthiness: VLL, VPL, VEL: non-EASA, Annex II aircraft: seeindividual CofA.

• Certifying staff: VLIp national licences still required for "specialist"certifying (S-license)

• Maintenance organisations: VLIb for non commercially operated"Annex II" aircraft

• Charges and taxes: GebV-BAZL national schemes, except for DOA(EASA responsibility)

Constitution

Aviation Law

Ordinances

Guidance

Federal Aviation Law



The remainingThe remaining SwissSwiss airworthiness regulationsairworthiness regulations

• Airworthiness directives AD (LTA, CN, non-compliance = not airworthy)

• FOCA Technical Communications TM / CT

• Aircraft documents, Standard Journey Log Book

• FOCA Technical Folder (airworthiness records)

• FOCA Forms

Constitution

Aviation Law

Ordinances

GuidanceAdvisory and guidance



Annex II CofA

Aircraft documentsAircraft documentsHowHow toto recognize therecognize the certificationcertification standardstandard

EASA CofA



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: aircraftaircraft registrationregistration & markings& markings

LFV Aviation ordinance

– Definitions of aircraft, groups/categories

– Requirements for registration in Swiss aircraft register (HB-....)

Swiss owner and/or operator

Not in any other register

Compliant with Airworthiness standards

Compliant with Environment protection standards

– Definition of aircraft papers to be carried on board

VKZ Registration markings by the way:

– Definition of Registration markings, national emblem, identificationplate



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: nationalnational airworthinessairworthiness rulesrules

VLL national airworthiness regulation

– Applicable only to non-EASA aircraft, parts and equipment

– Type certification: EASA specifications / international standards will apply,except for special category aircraft, where FOCA will decide in particular case,see TM

– Technical log (folder), flight log book and aircraft documents defined

– Maintenance required, documents, AD, certification, defect reporting,modifications etc adapted to EASA requirements, reference to TM

– Responsibilities and publications

VPL national airworthiness review regulation

– Initial and continuing airworthiness review, procedure, responsibilities, report,ARC.

VEL national emissions regulation

– All engine driven aircraft must comply with ICAO Annex 16 : noise and exhaustemissions, fuel draining; exempted aircraft are operationally limited

– Airport operator can limit use by non compliant aircraft

– Noise limit for basic training and glider towing



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: nationalnational licenceslicences, personal, personal

VLIp: personnal licences and authorisations

– To perform/certify maintenance not (yet) covered by EASA regulations

– Aircraft mechanic licence (former M licence, no moreformation/examination available)

– Specialist licence (S), e.g. specific equipments, engines, propellers;special working skills, as wood, fabric, sheet metal, composites, NDT,welding, glueing, plating/coating .. See TM 90.001-10

– A personal authorisation may be issued in case of limited scope ofwork, in lieu of an S-licence

– Privileges as stated in licence or authorisation

– FOCA may acknowledge foreign national (non EASA) licences/permitsif equivalent

– Validity normally 5 years, renewable upon evidence of experience



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: nationalnational licenceslicences,, organisationsorganisations

VLIb: organisation approvals

– To perform/certify maintenance not covered by EASA regulations

– Approval requirements very similar to EASA Part-M subpart F

– Very limited scope of work /privileges, mainly limited to 'Annex II'aircraft

– FOCA to publish fields of work for which a Swiss maintenanceorganisation approval may be acquired (TM)



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: LTA/CNLTA/CN airworthiness directivesairworthiness directives

FOCA issues own Airworthiness Directives only for Swiss TCaircraft and Emergency ADs

ADs are published on FOCA Website

AD list provided annually to aircraft owner

Owner's responsibility emphasized



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: TM / CTTM / CT advisoryadvisory && guidanceguidance materialmaterial

FOCA's advisory and guidance material on airworthiness issues iscalled Technical Communications, TM

Legal status of TM:see TM 00.000-01; active TM list: TM 00.040-00

TMs on maintenance:

- General: TM 02.010-xx and TM 02.020-xx

- Engine, propeller: TM 15.xxx-xx

- Equipment, Systems: TM 20.xxx-xx

- Emergency equipment: TM 50.xxx-xx

- Working and inspection principles: TM 73.xxx-xx

TMs for maintenmance organisations and certifying staff

- FOCA procedures for issuing approvals/certificates: TM 90.xxx-xx



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: defectdefect // occurrence reportingoccurrence reporting, SRM, SRM

Referring to EU/EASA rules, occurrences which do or maycompromise operational or technical safety must be reported toFOCA, e.g. by operators, maintenance organisations andpersonnel

Voluntary notification by all persons involved is encouraged forsituations, occurrences etc. which may have a negative effect onaviation safety. Notification may be anonymous

Any aircraft parts suspected or not approved to standards must bereported to FOCA

FOCA reporting requirements do not replace company policies.

Safety management system SMS is required for all organisationsdirectly or indirecty involved in commercial air operations.



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: maintenance datamaintenance data

National rules apply for non-EASA TC aircraft only

Maintenance must be performed to TC holder's or otherwiseapproved data

Owner may determine in maintenance program how to adhere torecommended maintenance intervals (SB, SL)

FOCA can define tolerances and exemptions to maintenaceintervals, see TM

A work report copy must be sent to FOCA after complexmaintenance due to accident, technical incident or abnormaloperating strain.



Swiss (FOCA)Swiss (FOCA) particularitiesparticularities:: FOCA useful FormsFOCA useful Forms

FOCA publishes standard Forms on its website to assist you

Use filters for search, e.g. airworthiness / technical forms->Wägebericht. Note: manufacturers may provide more appropriate,type-related documents



FAAFAA airworthiness regulationsairworthiness regulations

Until adherence to JAA / EASA, reference was mostly made to US FAArules for airworthiness certification, maintenance, organisations andlicences

The Federal Aviation Regulations (FAR) are US law, but still widely used inthe world as the reference for aviation safety. Most aircraft are certified toEU as well as to US airworthiness requirements. To perform maintenanceon (foreign registered) aircraft which are certificated to FARs, an FAAorganisation approval or licence is necessary

Similarly, Advisory Circulars (AC) are widely accepted advisory andguidance material (non binding)



ANNEX II to basic regulation

Article 4(1), (2) and (3) do not apply to aircraft falling in one ormore of the categories set out below:

(a) historic aircraft meeting the criteria below:(i) non-complex aircraft whose:— initial design was established before 1 January 1955, and— production has been stopped before 1 January 1975; or(ii) aircraft having a clear historical relevance, related to:— a participation in a noteworthy historical event, or— a major step in the development of aviation, or— a major role played into the armed forces of a Member State;

(b) aircraft specifically designed or modified for research,experimental or scientific purposes, and likely to be produced invery limited numbers;

(c) aircraft of which at least 51 % is built by an amateur, or a non-profit making association of amateurs, for their own purposes andwithout any commercial objective;

(d) aircraft that have been in the service of military forces, unlessthe aircraft is of a type for which a design standard has beenadopted by the Agency;



ANNEX II to basic regulation (continued)

(e) aeroplanes, helicopters and powered parachutes having no morethan two seats, a maximum take-off mass (MTOM), as recorded bythe Member States, of no more than:

(i) 300 kg for a land plane/helicopter, single-seater; or(ii) 450 kg for a land plane/helicopter, two-seater; or(iii) 330 kg for an amphibian or floatplane/helicopter single-seater;or

(iv) 495 kg for an amphibian or floatplane/helicopter two-seater,provided that, where operating both as a floatplane/helicopter andas a land plane/helicopter, it falls below both MTOM limits, asappropriate;

(v) 472,5 kg for a land plane, two-seater equipped with an airframemounted total recovery parachute system;

(vi) 315 kg for a land plane single-seater equipped with an airframemounted total recovery parachute system; and, for aeroplanes,having the stall speed or the minimum steady flight speed in landingconfiguration not exceeding 35 knots calibrated air speed (CAS);



ANNEX II to basic regulation (continued)

(f) single and two-seater gyroplanes with a maximum take off massnot exceeding 560 kg;

(g) gliders with a maximum empty mass, of no more than 80 kgwhen single-seater or 100 kg when two-seater, including thosewhich are foot launched;

(h) replicas of aircraft meeting the criteria of (a) or (d) above, forwhich the structural design is similar to the original aircraft;

(i) unmanned aircraft with an operating mass of no more than 150kg;

(j) any other aircraft which has a maximum empty mass, includingfuel, of no more than 70 kg.



66.A.20 Privileges (CRD 2008-03)....(a)5: A category L aircraft maintenance licence shall permit the holder the following:

- For the Limited-L licence:o For the “powerplant” rating: issue certificates of release to service followingmaintenance on the powerplant.o For all the other ratings: issue certificates of release to service followingmaintenance on aircraft structure, mechanical and electrical systems as well asmaintenance on avionic systems not requiring troubleshooting and requiringsimple tests to prove their serviceability.

- For the Full-L licence:o For the “RadioComm/Transponder” rating: issue certificates of release toservice following maintenance on radio, communication and transpondersystems.o For all the other ratings: issue certificates of release to service followingmaintenance on aircraft structure, powerplant, mechanical and electrical systemsas well as work on avionic systems not requiring troubleshooting and requiringsimple tests to prove their serviceability.



66.A.20 (CRD 2008-03)5. (contd)The Limited-L aircraft maintenance licence does not allow the release of completeaircraft afterannual inspections or equivalent or after implementation of major repairs andmodifications. These are privileges of the Full-L aircraft maintenance licence holder.The Full-L licence shall automatically include the Limited-L licence.

66.A.30 Experience requirements....6. for Limited-L, a sufficient period of time of practical experience covering arepresentative crosssection of maintenance activities relevant to the ratings applied for.This period shall not be less than:(i)six months for applicants qualified under 66.A.25(b)(ii)one year for applicants qualified under 66.A.25(c)7. for Full-L, one year of experience exercising the Limited-L privileges covering arepresentative crosssection of maintenance activities in the corresponding rating,except that for the inclusion of an additional rating on an existing Full-L licence it isonly required the completion of the corresponding training and examination inaccordance with Appendixes VII and VIII and the practical experience required inparagraph 6 above.

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Geltungsbereich der EASA Regeln Jüngste Entwicklung der ... · gewerbsmässig eingesetzten Luftfahrzeugen unter 5 ... Jüngste Entwicklung der EASA Regulierungen Part 66: ... 13