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Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

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Page 1: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)
Page 2: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

Falsos amigosFalse friends

Glenn Darragh

Page 3: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

Falsos amigosFalse friends

Written by / Escrito por:Glenn Darragh

Published by / Editado por:Editorial Stanley

Layout / Diseno y Maquetacitin:Angela G6mez Martfn

Front page design / Disefto portada:Disefto Irun6s

® Editorial StanleyApdo. 207-20302 I RUN-SPAINTelf. (943) 64 04 12 - Fax. (943) 64 38 63www.libross.com

ISBN: 84-7873-350-7Dep. Legal: BI-1987-01

First edition / Primera edition 2001

Printers / Imprime:Imprenta Berekintza

Page 4: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

Contenidos

¿Necesita usted este libro? .. . .v

Cómo usar este libro vii

Índice ix

Falsos Amigos 1

Tests de Repaso 135

Claves 143

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Necesita usted este libro?

Lea las frases siguientes.

1. Many people in the company think that John will get the actual manager's job.

2. I bought those books in a second-hand library on Charing Cross Road.

3. He's not in the office this week, he assisting a training course in London.

4. I will try to resume the main points of the report.

5. I won't be able to attend the meeting because of a previous compromise.

6. The music contributed to the exit of the party.

7. She works as a dependent in a department store.

8. Eventually I'll accept their offer — I haven't decided yet.

9. He removed the water to dissolve the aspirin faster.

10. It's not convenient to eat, drink and smoke excessively.

Si usted cree que estas frases expresan su significado correctamente y con claridad, entonces es queusted, desde luego, necesita este libro. Ninguna de las diez frases es correcta y todas dejarfan perplejoa un lector de habla inglesa.

En cada caso, el problema estS causado por un "falso amigo" es decir, una palabra inglesa que separece mucho a la palabra espanola, pero que, en realidad, tiene un significado muy diferente.

Si usted es capaz de corregir las frases substituyendo las palabras enganosas (mostradas en cursiva)por las palabras apropiadas, entonces, usted probablemente no necesita este libro. Por otra parte, si lasfrases todavfa le parecen a usted correctas, tiene usted mucho que ganar leyendo las siguientespdginas.

Soluciones

1. No actual, sino present,2. No library, sino bookshop.5^321

3. No assisting sino attending.4. No resume sino summarise.5. No compromise, sino engagement6. No exit, sino success.7. No a dependent, sino an assistant.8. No eventually sino possibly.9. No removed sino stirred. ^J

10. No convenient, sino advisable.

EDITORIAL STANLEY v

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Como usar este libro.

Como cualquier persona de habla espafiola que este estudiando ingle's sabe, hay miles de palabras en esteidioma que son "verdaderas amigas": son parecidas, y, a veces, identicas, tanto en apariencia como ensignificado, a las palabras espanolas, y, por esa raz6n, son facilfsimas de aprender y de usar. Desgraciadamente,tambien existe un pequeno grupo traidor de "falsos amigos": palabras que se escriben de forma muy parecidaen los dos idiomas, pero que tienen significados muy diferentes. Este libro presenta 502 de los "falsosamigos" mas comunes. A fin de tener una referenda facil, cada palabra esta numerada, como se muestra enel siguiente ejemplo:

embarrassed

WrongShe is six monthsembarrassed.

RightShe is six monthspregnant.

» ExamplesHe was noticeably embarrassed.

I'm embarrassed by what I said.

Embarrassed, he mumbled an excuse.She felt embarrassed about tellingme.

Estaba visiblemente avergonzado.Estoy aborchornado por lo que dije.

Azorado, farfullo una excusa.

Le daba verguenza contarmelo.

Comment

Embarrassed significa avergonzado, abo-chornado. No significa embarazada, quese traduce por pregnant.

Exercises1. Cuando estaba embarazada se me antpjaban las cosas mas extranas.2. Esta embarazada de seis meses. 3. Estaba tan apurada que no sabiaqu£ decir. 4. En aquel entonces estaba embarazada de Angela.

Los "falsos amigos" se dividen en dos categorfas basicas. Primero estan las palabras que son "amigos

completamente falsos", palabras que nunca significan lo mismo en el ingles y en el espanol modernos.

Palabras inglesas como actual, eventual, y remove nunca pueden traducirse por sus gemelas espanolas.

Tales palabras se indican en este libro, como en el ejemplo anterior con el sfmbolojKLa segunda

categorfa, la mas grande de las dos, consiste en palabras que comparten algunos de los significados en

ambos idiomas, pero no otros significados importantes. Como ejemplo de esta clase de "amigos medio

falsos", esta la palabra assassin:

assassin

WrongHarold Shipmanis the worst serialassassin inBritish history.

RightHarold Shipmanis the worstserial killer inBritish history.

Comment

Assassin significa asesino = magnicida.No significa asesino = criminal, homi-cida, que se traduce por murderer, killer.

Lee Harvey Oswald was the assassinof President Kennedy.

Lee Harvey Oswald fue el asesinodel Presidente Kennedy.

Exercises1. El medico Harold Shipman es el peor asesino en serie en la historiade Gran Bretana. 2. El asesino convicto Gary Graham fue ejecutadocon una inyeccidn letal el jueves en Texas.

Este libro tiene como objetivo servir, no s6lo como referencia manual, sino tambien como una herramientapractica para autodidactas. De aquf que se ha intentado prestar mucha atenci6n a la clase de errores que los"amigos falsos" pueden causar. La mayor parte de los ejemplos que se dan en este libro comienzan pormostrar tal error, seguido por una versidn correcta de la frase, un breve COMENTARIO explicando el error, unoo mas EJEMPLOS del uso correcto de esa palabra en ingles y varies ejercicios de TRADUCClON. En la seccidnde los comentarios, a menudo se usa el signo "=" con el significado "en el sentido de". Las respuestas a losejercicios se encuentran al final del libro, junto con algunos tests de repaso.

EDITORIAL STANLEY vii

Examples

210

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abandonabateabbreviateabsolveabsorbentabuseaccessoryaccordaccostaccuseactionactualactualityactuallyactuateaddictadeptadequateadjudicateadmirationadmireadmitadvertiseadviseaffectionaffrontagendaagonizeagonyagreeablealcoveallocatedalteralterationalternateamassamorousancientanginaannouncement ..anticipateanxiousapertureapogeeapologyapparatusapparentapparitionappellationapplicationappoint

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curiouscurrentcursedeceptiondeclarationdeducedefrauddefunctdeliciousdemanddemonstratedemonstration ..departmentdependantdepositdestinydetermineddevicedevisediarydirectiondiscretediscussdiscussiondisgracedisgraceddisgustdisgusteddishonestdismaydispatchdispensedisposedispositiondistinctdistinctlydistracteddistractiondistressdiversiondivertdominatedormitorydoubledramaticduelduressedificationedifyediteditor

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educatededucationeffectivelyelementalembargoembarrassed ...emissionemployencounterengineerengrossenterpriseentertainentireenvyepochequivocate ....errescapadeessayestateestimateetiquetteeventualeventuallyexactingexaltedexcitedexitexpectation . . .expedientexperiment . . . .explodeexpositionextensionextenuateextravagance ..extravagant ...fabricfacilityfactionfamiliarfastidiousfatalfatalityfatiguefaultfeastfermentfeudfigure

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EDITORIAL STANLEY ix

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finalfinalityfirmfloridformalformationformidable ....fumefundgenialgeniusgentlegentlygestureglobegracegraciousgratification ...gratifygratuitousgrenadeguardguardianhistoryhumanhumidhumouridiomignoreillusionillustratedimmaterial ....importinadequate ... .inconsistent ...incorporate ... .incorrectindifferent ....indignantindustryineptinfantinfidelinformalingenuityinhabitable ....injuryinsaneinspireinstanceintend

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EDITORIAL STANLEY

i nd i c e

x

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Falsos amigosFalse friends

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abandon

WrongAfter the playthe audienceabandoned thetheatre.

RightAfter the playthe audienceleft thetheatre.

1

Comment

To abandon significa abandonar parasiempre. No significa abandonar = dejarun lugar, que se traduce por to leave.

WrongThey abated theold building.

RightThey knockeddown the oldbuilding.

CommentTo abate significa amainar, calmarse, dis-minuir (el viento, un dolor, la ira, etc).No significa abatir, que se traduce por toknock down (echar por tierra) o toshoot.

abbreviate 3

WrongHe had to abbre-viate his visit.

RightHe had to cutshort his visit.

CommentTo abbreviate significa abreviar (unapalabra). No significa abreviar=acelerar,apresurar, que se traduce por to cutshort, take a shortcut, hurry.

absolve 4

WrongThe defendantwas absolved bythe jury.

RightThe defendantwas acquitted bythe jury.

Comment

To absolve significa absolver = perdo-nar los pecados en la confesibn. No sig-nifica absolver = declarar inocente a unacusado, que se traduce por to acquit.

' ExamplesWould you abandon your dog to goon holiday?She abandoned the baby at theentrance to the hospital.He abandoned hisjob and went offtravelling.

^Abandonaria a su perro para irsedevacaciones?Abandono al beb6 en la puerta delhospital.Dej6 su trabajo y se puso a viajar.

Exercises1. El publico abandon^ el teatro. 2. Abandon^ la reunion en serial deprotesta. 3. Abandonti Espafia a causa de la guerra civil. 4. Abandona-mos la ciudad el viernes.

ExamplesWe waited until the noise hadabated.The storm had abated a little.

Esperamos a que disminuyera elruido.La tormenta habia amainado unpoco.

Exercises1. Abatieron el viejo edificio. 2. Nos resguardamos hasta que amaind latormenta. 3. Abatieron al elefante a tiros.

Examples

Words are abbreviated instenography.

En taquigrafia se abrevian laspalabras.

Exercises1. Abrevia o llegaremos tarde. 2. Vamos a abreviar el camino. 3. Tuvoque abreviar su visita. 4. Abrevia, que se hace tarde.

Examples

I absolve you of your sins.The murderer was absolved bythe priest but was not acquittedby the judge.

Te absuelvo de tus pecados.El asesino fue absuelto por elsacerdote, pero no por eljuez.

Exercises1. El acusado fue absuelto por el jurado. 2. Solicitd la total absolucidndesucliente.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 1

abate 2

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absorbent

WrongHis mother-in-lawwas a veryabsorbent woman.

RightHis mother-in-law was a verydomineeringwoman.

CommentAbsorbent significa absorbente = queretiene Ifquidos. No significa absorben-te = dominante, que se traduce por domi-neering, overbearing; ni absorbente =que lieva tiempo, que se traduce pordemanding, time-consuming.

1 Examples

Nappies are made of absorbentmaterial.Blotting paper is very absorbent.

Los panales se fabrican con unmaterial absorbente.El papel secante es muyabsorbente.

Exercises1. Mi madre fue siempre muy absorbente. 2. Su trabajo es muy absor-bente. 3. Tiene un jefe muy absorbente que no le deja solo ni unminuto.

abuse 6

RightSome youthswere abusingthe police.

CommentTo abuse, como abusar en castellano, sig-nifica hacer mal uso de algo. Pero el ver-bo ingle's tambien significa insultar, in-juriar, maltratar. Notese: el sustantivoabuse = insultos.

Examples

Some youths were abusing thepolice.She was verbally and physicallyabused.My question provoked a shower ofabuse.Some parents abuse their children.

Unosj6venes estaban insultandoa la policfa.La maltrataron de palabra y deobra.Mi pregunta provocti una rociadade insultos.Algunos padres maltratan a sushijos.

Exercises1. Existe una tendencia a que la gente abuse del sistema. 2. Tuvo queaguantar una lluvia de insultos del publico. 3. Abus6 de su puesto paraganar votos. 4. El arbitro tuvo que aguantar carros y carretas. 5. Noabuses de mi paciencia.

accessory 7

Wrong

The accessoryexpenses areminor.

RightThe additionalexpenses areminor.

CommentAccessory significa accesorio = comple-mento o adorno de una cosa. Pero tam-bien significa complice. Ndtese: el adjeti-vo accesorio se suele traducir poradditional, incidental.

ExamplesThey have a full range of bathroomaccessories.He was an accessory to the murder.

Tienen una amplia gama de acce-sorios de cuarto de bano.Fue un c6mplice en el asesinato.

Exercises1. Llevaba puesto un traje gris con accesorios ajuego. 2. Fue ctimpliceen el delito. 3. Los gastos accesorios son pocos.

EDITORIAL STANLEY2

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WrongThey accorded tomeet again.

Comment

El verbo to accord significa dar (la bien-venida), conceder, otorgar, conferir (unhonor). Tambien significa concordar perono significa acordar (hacer algo), que setraduce por to agree (to do something).El sustantivo accord significa acuerdo.

RightIt was late sothey put thechildren to bed.

wrongIt was late sothey accosted thechildren.

Comment

To accost significa abordar, dirigirse aalguien (a veces con fines deshones-tos). No significa acostar(se), que se tra-duce por to put to bed, to go to bed.

Examples

He was accorded a hero's welcome.The government accorded him anhonour.

• Lo recibieron como a un heYoe.• El gobierno le otorgti una

distincitin.

Exercises1. Acordaron reunirse nuevamente. 2. Le dieron una gran bienvenida.3. Llegaron a un acuerdo. 4. No te acordaste de mi cumpleaftos.

Meaborddenlacalle.Se acercti a mi para pedir fuego.Las mujeres se quejan de serimportunadas en la calle.

ExamplesShe accosted me in the street.He accosted me for a light.The women complain of beingaccosted in the street.

Exercises1. La prostituta se dirigiti a mi en la calle. 2. Los periodistas abordarona I Presidente.

Wrong

He's a traitor -heaccused hiscomrades to theGestapo.

RightHe's a traitor-he reported hiscomrades to theGestapo.

Comment

El verbo ingles to accuse significa acusar= culpar. No significa acusar = delatar, de-nunciar, que se traduce por to snitch (US),to tell on o to report, to denounce.

action 11

Wrong

My father boughtactions inTelefonica.

RightMy father boughtshares inTelefonica.

Comment

Action significa acto, hecho. No signifi-ca accitin (en la bolsa), que se traducepor share.

ExamplesAre you accusing me?He was accused of stealing fiftypounds.

(jMeest£sacusandoa mi?Lo acusaron de robar cincuentalibras.

Exercises1. Lo acusaron de ser un traidor. 2. Le delate a la maestra. 3. Cada vezque falta algo me acusan a mf 4. Delatb a sus amigos.

' Examples

They put the plan into action.Actions speak louder than words.

Pusieron el plan en acciCn.Obras son amores y no buenasrazones.

Exercises1. Las acciones de Amazon.com bajaron tres enteros ayer. 2. Tiene eltreinta por ciento de las acciones. 3. Mi padre ha comprado accionesen Telefonica.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

accord 8RightThey agreed to

meet again

accuse 10

3

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Wrong

What do youthink about theactual crisis?

RightWhat do youthink about thepresent crisis?

Comment

Actual significa real, verdadero. No sig-nifica nunca actual, que se traduce porpresent, current.

ExamplesShe says she's twenty-eight buther actual age is forty.Those were her actual words.

He cited actual cases.

Dice que tiene veintiocho afios,pero en realidad tiene cuarenta.

Eso fue exactamente lo que dijo.

Cito casos reales.

Exercises

1. Murphy es el actual campeon. 2. Mucha gente cree que John va asuceder al director actual. 3. ,-Cual es tu direccitin actual? 4. £ste esel mismisimo documento que descubriti.

Wrong | Right

In the actuality 1 At present he'she's living abroad. | living abroad.

Comment

Actualitysignifica realidad. No significa nun-ca actualidad que se traduce por currentsituation. En la actualidad se traduce porjcurrently, at present, nowadays. De ac- \tualidad se traduce por topical.

Wrong

It used to bea luxury butactually it's anecessity.

Right

It used to bea luxury butnowadays it's anecessity.

Comment

Actually significa realmente, verdadera-mente, en efecto, de hecho. No signifi-ca nunca actualmente, que se traduce porat present, currently, nowadays.

Wrong

I don't understandthe way you'reactuating.

Right

I don't under-stand the wayyou're behaving.

Comment

To actuate significa animar, motivar. Nosignifica actuar, que se traduce por to act,to behave.

ExamplesHis novel blurs the divisionbetween dreams and actuality.

Her dream became actuality.

En su novela la distincitin entresuefioy realidad se vuelve confusa.

Su sueno se convirtid en realidad.

Exercises

1. Es un tema de palpitante actualidad. 2. Esta" evadiendo la realidad.3. En la actualidad la gente va menos al cine. 4. Siempre tratan temasde candente actualidad.

ExamplesShe's actually very intelligent.

I never believed I'd actually win.

Actually, I'd rather not go.There's a big difference betweensaying something and actuallydoing it.

En realidad es muy inteligente.

Nunca cref que llegaria a ganar.

La verdad es que preferirfa no ir.Del dicho al hecho va un trecho.

Exercises

1. En realidad, 61 no es el dueno. 2. Actualmente la situacidn es muchomcis grave. 3. ^Le vieron ustedes realmente? 4. Se encuentra actual-mente en Suecia. 5. Actualmente vivimos en paz.

Examples

He was actuated by envy.

It was a statement actuated bymalice.

Laenvidialemovidaello.

Era una declaraci6n motivada porel rencor.

Exercises

1. Tenemos que actuar con rapidez. 2. Movido por la rabia, mato a suamigp. 3. No entiendo tu forma de actuar.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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actuality 13

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addict

He's an addict ofthe nationalistcause.

Right

He's a supporterof the nationalistcause.

Comment

Addict significa adicto (a la droga, etc).No significa adicto (a un regimen, unaideolog(a), que se traduce por supporter,follower.

In China thissect alreadyhas millions ofadepts.

Right

In China thissect already hasmillions offollowers.

Comment

Adept significa hdbil, experto. No signi-fica adepto = partidario, que se traducepor supporter, follower.

WrongI don't think thisis the adequatemoment to askhim.

Right

I don't thinkthis is the rightmoment to askhim.

Comment

Adequate significa suficiente. No signi-fica adecuado, que se traduce por right osuitable.

ExamplesShe was shocked at the discoverythat her son was a drug addict.

His children are television addicts.

He's addicted to chocolate.

Se quedti anonadada al descubrirque su hijo era drogadicto.

Sus hijos son teleadictos.

Es adicto al chocolate.

Exercises1. Es adicto a la causa nacionalista. 2. Es tan adicto a sujefe que seriaincapaz de traicionarlo. 3. Es adicto a los crucigramas.

• ExamplesShe's very adept with a needle.

She was adept at avoiding questions.

He's always been very adept atcarpentry.

Tiene manos habiles para la costura.

Era muy hdbil para eludir preguntas.

Siempre ha tenido gran habilidadparalacarpintena.

Exercises1. Siempre fue un adepto al regimen. 2. Sus ideas han conseguidomuchos adeptos. 3. Es un politico adepto al monetarismo. 4. Mahomatiene muchos adeptos.

ExamplesOur suppl ies are adequate for ourneeds.We didn't get adequate notice.

It would be adequate groundsfor divorce.

Las provisiones que tenemos son su-f icientes para nuestras necesidades.No se nos avisti con la suficienteantelacidn.

Serfa causa suficiente de divorcio.

Exercises1. Llevaba un vestido adecuado para la ocasion. 2. No es la personaadecuada para el puesto. 3. No me parece el momento adecuado. 4.Me parece poco adecuado para una ocasion asi. 5. Es el hombre ade-cuado para ese cargo.

Wrong RightHe was adjudi- He was awardedcated the first the first prize.prize.

Comment

To adjudicate significa juzgar, arbitrar.No significa adjudicar (un premio), quese traduce por to award.

1 Examples

They have to adjudicate some verycomplex cases.He adjudicated at the competition.

Tienen quejuzgar algunos casosmuy cpmplejos.Fuejuez del campeonato.

Exercises1. Le adjudicaron diez mil libras en concepto de indemnizacioYi. 2. Lepidieron que arbitrara en el conflicto laboral.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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adept 17

adequate 18

adjudicate 19

5

Wrong

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admiration

WrongInterjections andexclamations arewritten withadmiration marks.

RightInterjections andexclamations arewritten with ex-clamation marks.

Comment

Admiration significa admiracibn = res-peto. No significa admiracidn = sorpre-sa, que se traduce por surprise,astonishment. N6tese: signo de admi-racibn = exclamation point (US),exclamation mark (UK).

Examples

I am full of admiration for hisdetermination.Their perseverance won them uni-versal admiration.They had a mutual admiration foreach other.

Exercises1. Siento gran admiracidn por su obra. 2. No salgo de mi admiracitinjcua'nto ha adelgazado! 3. Para darle ma's erifasis lo escribir6 entreadmiraciones.

Su empeno me llena de admiracioYi.

Su perseverancia les valid la admi-racitin de todos.Entre ellos existia una admiraciOnreciproca.

admire

WrongThe presidentadmired everyoneby suddenlyresigning.

RightThe president

21

amazed everyoneby suddenlyresigning.

Comment

To admire significa admirar = respetar,apreciar. No significa admirar = asom-brar, que se traduce por to amaze.

Examples

I admire her generosity of spirit.She's one of the few people whoadmire him.

Admiro su grandeza de coraztin.Es una de las pocas personas quelo admiran.

Exercises1.Consuconferenciaprovoc6 la admiracioYi de todo el mundo. 2. Measombra la ignorancia de esta gente. 3. Admiro su paciencia.

Wrong

The petrol tankadmits 60 litres.

RightThe petrol tankholds 60 litres.

Comment

To admit significa admitir = dar entra-da; reconocer como cierto. No signifi-ca admitir = permitir, tolerar, que setraduce por to allow, tolerate, put upwith; ni admitir = tener capacidad, quese traduce por to hold.

Examples

Under 18's will not be admitted.

I admit I was a little hasty.I must admit I'm very tempted.

Se prohibe la entrada a los meno-resde18anos.Admito que me precipit6 un poco.Tengo que reconocer que es muytentador.

Exercises1. El depdsito admite cincuenta litros. 2. Segun el reglamento, no seadmite traer perros. 3. No voy a admitir ese comportamiento. 4. Admi-ti6 su error de buen grado.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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6

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Wrong

Didn't youadvertise him ofthe risk he wasrunning?

RightDidn't you warnhim of the riskhe was running.

Comment

El verbo ingles to advertise significa anun-ciar, hacer publicidad. No equivale al es-panol advertir, que se traduce generalmen-te por to notice (observar), to advise(aconsejar) o to warn (prevenir).

ExamplesI saw it advertised in a magazine.Thejob was advertised inyesterday's paper.They advertised in all the localpapers.

Lo vi anunciado en una revista.El anuncio del trabajo apareciden el diario de ayer.Se anunciaron en todos losperitidicos locales.

Exercises1. Nos anunciamos en la radio. 2. Nadie advirtiti su presencia. 3. Anun-cian mucho ese producto. 4. ^No le advertiste del riesgo que corria?5. Te advierto que no vayas.

advise

Wrong

The car pulled outin front of uswithout advising

Right

The car pulledout in front of uswithout warning.

Comment

To advise significa aconsejar, asesorar.No significa avisar, que se traduce por towarn, inform, let know.

ExamplesHe advised me to buy a new one.

They were advised not to takeany risks.They advised him againstmarrying so young. _

Me aconsejo que comprara unonuevo.Se les aconsejd que no corrieranriesgos.Le aconsejaron que no se casaratanjoven.

Exercises1. Te aviso que asi no vas a aprobar el examen. 2. Le aconseje" que nofuera, pero no me hizo ni caso. 3. Avisame cuando estes listo. 4. Elcoche salio sin avisar.

affection

Wrong

He suffers from aheart affection.

RightHe suffersfrom a heartcomplaint.

a

Comment

Affection significa afecto, carino. Tam-bi6n significa afeccion, pero es mucho masfrequente expresar esta idea con las pala-bras complaint y condition. Una afec-ci6n cardiaca se traduce por a heartcondition.

Examples

Her affection for him was obvious.The children were in need ofaffection.

Su carino por el era obvio.Los ninos estaban necesitados deafecto.

Exercises1. Como sufre una afeccioYi renal, el medico le ha prohibido comerdeterminados alimentos. 2. Padece una afeccidn del corazdn. 3. Letengo muchfsimo carino.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 7

a d v e r t i s e 2 3

2 4

25

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RightYou have to faceup to yourresponsibilities.

Wrong

You have toaffront yourresponsibilities.

CommentEl verbo to affront significa ofender. Nosignifica afrontar, que se traduce por toface up to something (un problema,responsabilidades) o to face (un de-safio). Pero an affront es una afrenta.

agenda

Wrong

He made a note ofit in his agenda.

RightHe made a noteof it in his

Comment

En ingles agenda significa s6lo orden deldfa. No significa agenda (librito de no-tas), que se traduce por notebook, diaryo appointment book.

agonize

Wrong

She knew that she Iwas agonizing.

RightShe knew thatshe was dying, {

Comment

En ingles to agonize significa angustiarse,jatormentarse. No significa agonizar, quese traduce por to be dying.

Wrong

He suffered aslow agony.

RightHe suffered aslow death.

Comment

El sustantivo agony significa gran doloro angustia. No significa agonfa (estadoque precede a la muerte), que se tradu-ce por death throes.

• Examples

I was affronted by their indifference. Me senti ofendido por su indiferencia.This affronts our dignity. Esto constituye una afrenta a

nuestra dignidad.He might take it as an affront if you Podrfa ofenderse si no vas.don't go.

Exercises

1. Tendra" que afrontar sus responsabilidades. 2. Se lo tornd como unaofensa. 3. Ha llegado el momento de afrontar el problema.

ExamplesThis topic is not on the agenda.

This subject must be put on theagenda of the next meeting.

Este asunto no figura en el ordendel dfa.Este tema debe incluirse en laagenda de la prtixima reunion.

Exercises1 . Lo anoto en su agenda. 2. Cada noche anota en su agenda lo que hahecho. 3. Consulto mi agenda y te digo cuando podremos vernos. 4.Vamos a ocuparnos del siguiente punto del orden del dfa. 5. Escriboen la agenda las palabras que no conozco.

ExamplesShe spent hours agonizing overwhat to wear.Stopagonizingjustdoit.

Estuvo horas tratando de decidirque ponerse.No te rompas mas la cabeza y hazlo.

Exercises1. Sabia que estaba agonizando. 2. Lediocienmil vueltas en la cabe-za a la idea de comprarse un coche. 3. Era evidente que el enfermoagonizaba.

Se estaba retorciendo en el suelode dolor.Se angustio muchisimo hasta quetomo una decision.Las dudas la estan atormentando.

Rabiaba del dolor de muelas quetenia.

* Examples• He was writhing about on the

floor in agony.He went through agonies makinga decision.

• She's going through agonies ofdoubt.She was in agony with hertoothache.

Exercises

1.Sufrio una lenta agonia. 2. Estos zapatos me estan matando. 3. Nole hagas sufrir mas y dfselo ya. 4. La ballena agonizaba.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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2 7

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agreeable

RightWe'll do it tomorrowif that's agreeableto you.

Comment

En ingles agreeable significa agradable.Tambien significa conforme, dispuesto,de acuerdo.

They're lookingfor a house withthree alcoves.

Right

They're lookingfor a house withthree bedrooms.

Comment

Alcove significa hornacina, nicho, rin-

c6n. No significa alcoba, que se traduce

por bedroom.

Wrong Right

She always She alwaysbehaves in an behavesallocated way. recklessly.

Comment

Allocated, participio pasado del verbo toallocate, significa asignado. No significaalocado, que se traduce por wild,reckless, rash.

ExamplesThe truth is not so agreeable.

We'll go tomorrow if you'reagreeable.

Bring her along, if she's agreeable,

La verdad no es tan agradable. "

I remos manana si estas conforme. ss?

Tra"ela, si quiere venir. •

Exercises

1. Parecia dispuesto a venir el viernes. 2. Lo haremos manana si te

parece bien. 3. (f/Esta's de acuerdo con eso? 4. No es muy agradable que

despierten a uno a estas horas.

Examples

The table fits neatly into thealcove.

La mesa cabe perfectamente enelhueco.

Exercises

1. La casa tenia tres alcobas. 2. Se retird a su alcoba.

Examples

He's been allocated an apartment.

£3 million has been allocated toresearch.

Le nan asignado un apartamento. :

Se nan destinado tres millonesde -librasainvestigacitin. J

*l«s*WN^T-%»*SilS*»»**!!*,W*>J»»'-s* TJWWfrv^

Exercises 5

1. Destinaron mas dinero a las artes piasticas. 2. Actua siempre de f

forma alocada. !,

Wrong

As the child waslate, her motherbegan to getaltered.

RightAs the child waslate, her motherbegan to getworried.

Comment

To alter significa alterar = cambiar. No

significa alterar = perturbar, que se tra-

duce por to upset o to disturb. Tampoco

significa alterarse, que se traduce por toget upset, to lose one's temper, to

become worried, etc.

Examples

That event altered the course of ;i!

history. |

The yacht altered course.

It altered the whole political scene 5in our country. J

Exercises j1. La noticia del golpe alterd visiblemente al embajador. 2. No debes -

dejar que esas cosas te alteren. 3. Fue acusado de alterar el orden ^

publico. 4. Como tardaba mucho, su madre empezti a alterarse. 5. jNo

te alteres!

Aquel suceso cambiti el curso de lahistoria.

El yate cambi6 de rumbo.

Cambiti la faz polftica de nuestropais.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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3 1a l c o v e

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alteration

Wrong

His illnesscaused a greatalteration in thefamily.

Right

His illnesscaused a greatdisturbance inthe family

CommentAlteration signified s6lo cambio, mo-dificacidn, reforma, arreglo. No signifiedalteracion = agitation, que se traduce poragitation, restlessness, disturbance.

Examples

The alterations should be complete v Las reformas deberian estar termi-byJune. •* nadas antes dejunio.

Do you know a dressmaker who * ^Conoces a alguna modista quewill do alterations? | haga arreglos?

Exercises

1. Su enfermeddd causti una gran alteracion en la familia. 2. Lasreformas del museo van a tardar seis meses. 3. Su voz demostraba sualteracion.

Wrong

Socially I alter-nate with allkinds of people.

Right

j Socially I mixi with all kinds of

people.

Comment

To alternate signified alternar, turnar,cambiar. Pero no signified altemar = con-fraternizar, frecuentar, que se traducepor to socialize o to mix with.

ExamplesShe likes alternating film workwith theatre work.

He alternated between euphoriaand moments of despair.

Le gusta alternar el cine con elteatro.

Alternaba entre la euforia y mo-mentos de desesperacion.

Exercises

1. Suele alternar con personajes famosos. 2. No alterna socialmentecon sus colegas. 3. Alterno con personas muy distintas. 4. Le gustaalternar con todos en las fiestas.

Wrong

She was amassingdough to make acake.

Right

She was knead-ing dough tomake a cake.

CommentTo amass signified amasar = acumular,atesorar. No signified amasar = hacermasa, que se traduce por to knead (ha-rina), to mix (cemento), etc.

Wrong

He was veryamorous withmy children.

Right

He was veryloving with mychildren.

Comment

Amorous significa apasionado, enamo-rado, sensual. No significa amoroso, quese traduce por loving o a veces por love(por ejemplo, cartas amorosas se traducepor love letters).

Examples

He had amassed a fortune in thetwenties.

They had amassed a huge amountof information.

Habfa amasado una fortuna en losaiiosveinte.

Habian acumulado una gran canti-daddeinformacitin.

Exercises

1. Amas6 harina, agua y levadura para hacer pan. 2. No me gustaamasdrhdrind.

* ExamplesHe started getting amorous.

He made amorous advances to hissecretary.

After two drinks she became quiteamorous.

EmpezC' a ponerse demasiado carinoso.

Le hizo insinuaciones a su secretaria.

Despues de dos copas se puso algopesado.

Exercises

1. Le pregunW a bocajarro si tenia un lio dmoroso. 2. Hd sufrido mu-chos desengdfios amorosos. 3. Se le dtribuyen innumerables escarceosamorosos. 4. Hd estddo muy cdrinoso con mis hijos. 5. Con su esposa,Pablo es muy carinoso. •

10 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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a l t e r n a t e 3 5

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ancient

WrongThey run a homefor ancient people.

RightThey run a homefor elderly people.

Comment

Ancient significa antiguo. No significa!

WrongHe can't swallowbecause he hasangina.

Right

He can't swallowbecause he has asore throat.

Comment

En ingles angina significa angina de pe-cho. No significa anginas, que se traducepor sore throat, tongillitis.

Wrong

He alwaysreads the jobannouncementsin the paper.

Comment

Announcement significa anuncio, perono en el sentido de publicidad, propa-ganda, que se traduce por advertisement.

anticipate

Wrong

They have antici-pated him twomonth's salary.

RightThey have paidhim two month'ssalary in advance.

Comment

To anticipate significa esperar, prever.No significa anticipar = adelantar, quese traduce por to bring forward; ni pagarpor anticiapdo, que se traduce por to payin advance.

' ExamplesThey have preserved ancientcustoms.He uses an ancient typewriter.

Han conservado las antiguascostumbresUtiliza una maquina de escribirprehistoYica.

anciano, que se traduce por elderly, old. I ancianos

Exercises1. Es la mujer ma's anciana del lugar. 2. Dirigen una residencia de

ExamplesAn increase in the amount ofcholesterol in the blood orexcessive use of tobacco arefactors which can cause angina.Angina is a serious illnesscharacterised by a severe pain inthe chest.

El incremento del nivel delcolesterol en la sangre o el abusodel tabaco son factores que pue-den causar una angina de pecho.La angina de pecho es una enfer-medad grave caracterizada por unfuerte dolor en el pecho.

Exercises1. No fue al colegio porque tenfa anginas. 2. No puede tragar porquetiene anginas. 3. Las anginas se producen cuando se inflaman las amig-dalas.

• ExamplesThey repeated the announcementat hourly intervals.The announcement of hisresignation caused great surprise.

Repetfan el aviso a intervalos de ;unahora. iEl anuncio de su dimisitin caus6 !una gran sorpresa. j

Exercises1. Insert6 un anuncio en el peritidico. 2. Siempre lee los anuncios detrabajo del peritidico. 3. En estas fechas hay muchos anuncios dejuguetes.

ExamplesThe exam wasn't as difficult as I'danticipated.They anticipated that we wouldwant something to eat.We must try to anticipate theirtactics.

El examen no fue tan diffcil comoyoesperaba.Habfan previsto que querrfamoscomer algo.Debemos tratar de prever cuSlesseransusta~cticas.

Exercises1. Anticiparon dos meses de alquiler. 2. Tuvieron que anticipar laselecciones. 3. Me han anticipado la paga de este mes.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 11

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anxious

RightHe's very anxious ?; He's very greedyand wants every- , and wants every-thing for himself. { thing for himself.

Comment

Anxious significa preocupado, inquie-to ademas de deseoso. No significa an-sioso = avaricioso, que se traduce porgreedy.

aperture

WrongThe aperture wasdelayed for morethan two hours.

RightThe opening wasdelayed for morethan two hours.

Comment

Aperture significa abertura (por dondepasa la luz), orificio. No significa aper-tura (de un festival, de una asamblea,de una nueva etapa, etc), que se tradu-ce por opening o beginning.

apogee 44

Wrong

The scandalreached itsapogee duringthe elections.

RightThe scandalreached its peakduring theelections.

Comment

Apogee significa apogeo (en astrono-mfa). No significa apogeo = auge, quese traduce por peak, height.

apology 45

Wrong

She made anapology foranimal rights.

RightShe spoke indefence ofanimal rights.

Comment

Apology significa disculpa, excusa. Nosignifica apologfa, que se traduce pordefence, eulogy, justification.

Examples

He is anxious about the children'ssafety.I'm rather anxious about herhealth.I am anxious to see how thisproblem is solved.

Esta preocupado por la seguridadde los nifios.Su salud me tiene algo preocupada.

Tengo muchos deseos de ver cCmosolucionan este problema.

Exercises1. Cuando of la noticia me inquiete por el los. 2. Es muy ansioso y loquiere todo para el. 3. Esta ansioso por saber si ha aprobado las mate-ma'ticas.

ExamplesInto this aperture a droplet ofmercury was poured.I thought I would get a betterpicture using a larger aperture.

En esta abertura se vertiC unagota de mercuric.Cref que me saldria mejor la fotoretardando el tiempo de abertura.

Exercises1. El rey asistiti a la ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos Olimpicos.2. La apertura se demorti mas de dos horas. 3. La sesion de aperturatendra lugar por la manana.

Examples

The apogee is the point of greatestdistance between the sun and theearth.The apogee between the sun andthe earth is about 149,700,000 km.

El apogeo es el punto de maximadistancia entre el Sol y la Tierra.

El apogeo entre el Sol y la Tierraesdeunos 149.700.000 km.

Exercises1. Esta en el apogeo de su carrera. 2. El esca~ndalo alcanzo su apogeodurante las elecciones. 3. En sus anos de apogeo era una tenista ex-celente.

ExamplesI think I owe you an apology.If you're not going, you'd bettersend your apologies.His apology was not veryconvincing.

Creo que te debo una disculpa.Si no vas a ir, deberfas presentertus excusas.Sus excusas no fueron muyconvincentes.

Exercises1. No tengo ningun reparo en sacar el tema a colacion. 2. Hizo unaapologia de los derechos de los animales. 3. Su discurso fue una apo-logia de la paz. 4. Musite una disculpa.

12 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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apparatus

The prince wasreceived withgreat apparatus.

RightThe prince wasreceived withgreat pomp.

Comment

En ingles apparatus significa aparato =maquina. No significa aparato = cere-monia, que se traduce por pomp.

apparent

Wrong

He's a veryapparent man.

RightHe's a verygood-looking man.

Comment

Apparent significa aparente = que pa-rece real, obvio, palpable. No significaaparente = oportuno, adecuado, quese traduce por convenient, suitable.Tampoco significa aparente = de buenaspecto, atractivo, que se traduce porgood-looking, nice, attractive.

apparition

Wrong RightHis apparition His appearanceat the meeting at the meetingsurprised us a lot. surprised us a lot.

Comment

Apparation significa aparicion = fan-tasma. No significa aparicion = actionde hacerse visible, que se traduce porappearance.

appellation 49

Wrong

He made anappellation toa higher court.

Right

He made anappeal to ahigher court.

Comment

Appellation significa tftulo, denomi-nation y a veces apodo. No significa ape-lacion, que se traduce por appeal.

1 ExamplesWhat is that apparatus for?The electrical apparatus must beearthed.

(jPara que es ese aparato?El aparato electrico debe estarconectadoatierra.

Exercises1. Fue recibido con mucho aparato. 2. Decoraron la sala con granaparato para la ceremonia. 3. Le gusta rodearse de mucho aparato.

ExamplesIt was apparent that she wasn'thappy.It has become more and moreapparent.She started crying for noapparent reason.

Era evidente que no estabacontenta.Se ha hecho cada vez mas evidente.

Se puso a llorar sin motivoaparente.

Exercises1. Ese banco es aparente para ti. 2. No es muy aparente salir a la calleen zapatillas. 3. Es un hombre muy aparente. 4. Tienes un despachomuy aparente.

> Examples

He assured me that he had seen anapparition during his seance.

Me aseguro que en la sesion de es-piritismo hubo una aparicion.

Exercises1. Su aparici6n fue recibida con un prolongado aplauso. 2. Fue suprimera aparicion en las tablas. 3. Me djjo que habfa visto una apa-ricion. 4. Su aparicitin en la reunion nos sorprendio" mucho. 5. Losactores figuran segun el orden de aparicidn.

• Examples

The boy's name was JamesTubbington Brown, but he wasimmediately given the appellationof Tubby.

El chico se llamaba JamesTubbington Brown, pero enseguidale pusieron el apodo de Tubby.

Exercises1. I nterpondremos un recurso de apelacion. 2. Presento un recurso

de apelacitin.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 13

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application

RightThere have beenhundreds ofapplications forthis job.

Comment

Application signified aplicacidn = dili-gencia, dedication. Tambi6n significasolicitud, peticibn.

• - - '

appointWrongIf I don't appointthe number im-mediately, I'llforget it.

RightIf I don't writedown the numberimmediately, I'llforget it.

Comment

To appoint significa nombrar, designar.No significa apuntar, que se traduce porto note, write down; to aim (un arma);to point out.

appreciateWrongI've appreciated achange in yourattitude, and Idon't like it.

RightI've noticed achange in yourattitude, and Idon't like it.

CommentTo appreciate significa apreciar = va-lorar. Tambien significa agradecer,comprender. No significa apreciar =observar, que se traduce por to notice,observe, make out.

apprehensive

WrongI couldn't be adoctor, I'm tooapprehensive.

RightI couldn't be adoctor, I'm toosqueamish.

CommentApprehensive significa inquieto, pre-ocupado y a veces aprensivo. Pero nosignifica aprensivo = temeroso de lasenfermedades, de la sangre, etc., quese traduce por squeamish.

• ExamplesThe application must be accom-panied by the medical certificate.More information will be suppliedon application.He stands out for his intelligenceand application.

Exercises1. La solicitud debe ser presentada por uno de los c6nyuges. 2. Lamen-tamos informarle que en esta ocasitin su solicitud no ha prosperado.

La solicitud ha de ir acompanadadel certificado m6dico.Se proportional mayor informa-tion a quien la sol icite.Sobresale por su inteligencia yaplicacidn.

ExamplesNieves was appointed director in1987.They'd already guessed who wasgoing to be appointed.

Nieves fue nombrada directora en1987.Ya se imaginaban a quieYi iban anombrar.

Exercises1. Espera que apunte tu teleTono. 2. Le estaba apuntando a la cabezacon una pistola. 3. El director apuntd la necesidad de construir unnuevo gimnasio. 4. Tienes que apuntar un poco bajo. S.Tengo queapuntarlo, si no, se me olvidara".

• ExamplesI would appreciate it if you turnedthe volume down.We appreciate that there is verylittle time.I appreciate all she has done forme.We all appreciate her work.

Te agradeceria que bajaras elvolumen.Comprendemos que hay muy pocotiempo.Le agradezco todo lo que hahecho por mi.Todos apreciamos su labor.

Exercises1. He apreciado en eT un cambio de actitud. 2. En la radiografia se apre-cian unas manchas oscuras. 3. Valoro mucho el esfuerzo que has hecho.

• ExamplesI was a bit apprehensive about theinterview.They were apprehensive about herreaction.

Estaba un poco inquieta por laentrevista.Temian su reaction.

Exercises1. No suele entrar en los lavabos publicos porque es muy aprensivo.2. Estaban inquietos porque su hija no habia llamado. 3. No podriaser medico, soy demasiado aprensivo.

14 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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approve

Wrong

He's so stupid, hecan't possiblyapprove his exams..

54

Right ;

He's so stupid,he can't possiblypass his exams. |

Comment

To approve significa aprobar, pero no enel sentido de aprobar un examen, quese traduce por to pass an exam.

WrongThis food is notapt for humanconsumption.

RightThis food is notfit for humanconsumption.

Comment

Apt significa listo, despierto; acertado,oportuno. No significa apto, que se tra-duce por fit, good at, suitable.

WrongWe will need twotruckloads ofarena.

RightWe will need twotruckloads ofsand.

Comment

Arena equivale a la palabra espanola arena:= lugar para luchar. Pero no significa are-na (en la playa), que se traduce por sand.:

• ExamplesI don't approve of your behavior.The design was approved by thecommittee.

They didn't approve of us gettingmarried.

Me parece mal tu comportamiento.La comisi6n aprobd el disefio.

No estuvieron de acuerdo en quenoscasaYamos.

Exercises

"\. Aprobti todas las asignaturas. 2. La mayoria de los estudiantesaprobara" los examenes. 3. Fue un milagro que aprobara.

Examples

He's very apt at picking up newwords.It was a very apt remark.

Es muy bueno para aprender nue-vas palabrasFue un comentario muy acertado.

Exercises

1. Lo declararon apto para el servicio militar. 2. Es una pelfcula aptapara todos los publicos. 3. Este alimento no es apto para el consumohumano. 4. No se le considera apto para el cargo.

ExamplesGladiators used to fight in thearena.A third candidate has entered thearena.

Los gladiadores luchaban en laarena.Un tercer candidate ha saltado alruedo.

Exercises

1. Con el viento se habia colado arena por debajo de la puerta. 2. Nohabia mas que arena hasta donde alcanzaba la vista. 3. Necesitaremosdos camiones de arena.

argument 57

Wrong

Don't tell me theargument of thefilm, I haven'tseen it yet.

Right

Don't tell me the ?plot of the film,I haven't seen ityet.

Comment

Argument significa discusion, rina, po-lemica o argumento = razonamiento.No significa argumento = trama (de unlibra, una pelfcula, etc), que se tradu-ce por plot, story line.

Examples

It wasn't really an argumentjusta misunderstanding.

Here's the main point of myargument.

I prefer to stay out of yourargument.

No fue una pelea realmente, stiloun malentendido.

He aquf lo esencial de mi argu-mento.

Prefiero mantenerme apartado devuestra discusion.

Exercises

1. No me cuentes el argumento de la pelicula, porque todavia no la hevisto. 2. El argumento proviene de un viejo cuento de hadas. 3. Elargumento de la novela se desarrolla muy lentamente.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 51

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WrongWe couldn't armthe bed becausewe didn't havethe screws.

RightWe couldn'tassemble thebed because wedidn't have thescrews.

Comment

To arm significa armar = proporcionararmas a. No significa armar = causar (unescandalo, un alboroto), que se traducepor to make (a lot of noise, a racket),to kick up a fuss; ni armar = ensam-blar, que se traduce por to assemble, puttogether.

Examples

They armed themselves with clubsand knives.He led the armed struggle againstthe dictatorship.

Se armaron con porras y cuchillos.

Condujo la lucha armada contra ladictadura.

Exercises1. Armo un escandalo porque su camisa no estaba planchada. 2. Arma-ron muchojaleo al salir de la discoteca. 3. No pudimos armar la camaporque nos faltaban los tornillos.

arrogant

The youngerofficers look sohandsome andarrogant in theiruniforms.

RightThe youngerofficers look sohandsome anddashing in theiruniforms.

Comment

Arrogant significa arrogante = sober-bio, altanero. No significa arrogante =gallardo, que se traduce por dashing.

ExamplesI can't stand arrogant people.Power made him arrogant.He is so arrogant that he won'teven condescend to say 'hello'.

Me cae muy mat la gente arrogante.El poder lo ensoberbecio.Es tan soberbio que ni se digna asaludar.

Exercises1. Con su porte arrogante era el centra de atencidn de todas las re-uniones. 2. Mira que arrogante va con su traje nuevo.

arsenal

Wrong

This book is anarsenal ofinformation.

RightThis book is amine ofinformation.

Comment

En ingles, como en espanol, arsenal signi-fica una fabrica o un almacen de armas ymuniciones. Pero en ingles no significa unestablecimiento donde se construyen, repa-ran y conservan embarcaciones, que se tra-duce por shipyard. Notese: un arsenal dedatos = a mine of information.

• Examples

A weapon is missing from thecamp arsenal.We found the rifle we were lookingfor in the arsenal.

Falta un arma en el arsenal delcuartel.En el arsenal encontramos la esco-peta que buscabamos.

Exercises1. Llevaron el buque al arsenal para arreglar la cubierta. 2. Este libra esun arsenal de informacion. 3. En un arsenal fabrican barcos.

16 EDITORIAL STANLEY

arm

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He was theartifice of Italianunity.

RightHe was thearchitect ofItalian unity.

CommentArtifice significa artificio. No significaartifice, que se traduce por author,architect, designer.

• ExamplesThe characters of this novel express -themselves with too much artifice.He invented an artifice for hunting ~foxes without injuring them. ,

Los personajes de esta novela se expre-san de forma excesivamente artificial.I nvento un artificio para poder cazarzorros sin herirlos.

Exercises1. Fueel artifice de la unidad italiana. 2. El director comercial fueel artificedel exito de la campana publicitaria. 3. Es el artifice de su fortuna.

RightAfter the premiere, After thethe movie artist premiere, thesigned autographs, movie star signed;

autographs.

Comment

Artist significa artista de bellas artes.No significa artista de cine, que se tra-duce por star, film star, movie star.

ascend

Wrong

She will probablybe ascended toHead of Depart-ment.

RightShe will probablybe promoted toHead of Depart-ment.

CommentTo ascend significa ascender = subir. Nosignifica ascender = adelantar en em-pleo, que se traduce por to promote; niascender = importar una cuenta, que setraduce por to add up to, come to,amount to.

ExamplesHe bought a painting by afamous artist.The artist has succeeded incombining the colours very well.

Compro un cuadro de un pintorfamoso.El artista ha sabido armonizarmuy bien los colores.

Exercises1. Brad Pitt es uno de los artistas mas cotizados del momento. 2. Estanoche nuestro artista invitado es Tom Cruise. 3. El artista de cinefirm6 auttigratbs a la salida del estreno.

Examples

They ascended the west face of themountain.

Ascend ieron por la ladera oeste dela montana.

Exercises1. La ascendera"n antes de que acabe el afio. 2. La factura ascendia aquinientas libras.

aspect

Wrong

She's alwayscomplainingabout my oldclothes anduntidy aspect.

64

RightShe's alwayscomplainingabout my oldclothes and un-tidy appearance.

Comment

Aspect significa aspecto = matiz, face-ta. No significa aspecto = apariencia,que se traduce por look, appearance.

' Examples

You're forgetting one aspect of theproblem.There's a further aspect that I thinkit important to mention.

Olvidas un aspecto del problema.Hay otro aspecto que me parecedignodemencic-n.

Exercises1. Tenfa un aspecto muy desalinado. 2. Lo apagado de los coloresdaba un aspecto triste a la habitacitin. 3. Cuando lo vi, no tenia muybuen aspecto. 4. Siempre me esta sermoneando sobre mi aspecto.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 17

artificeWrong

artist

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. RightThey use an They use a sprin-aspersion system 1 kler system toto water the crops. 1 water the crops.

Comment

Aspersion significa calumnia. No signi-fica aspersibn (tipo de riego), que setraduce por sprinkling. NOtese: to castaspersions on somebody = poner al-guien en entredicho.

ExamplesYou are casting aspersions on mycharacter.He has cast aspersions on myprofessionalism.

Listed esta poniendo en entred i -cho mi integridad.Ha puesto mi profesionalidad enentredicho.

Exercises *1. Utilizan un sistema de riego por aspersion. 2. Es mas cOmodo regar *el cesp6d por aspersion que con manguera.

aspire

Wrong

It's lovely toaspire the freshmountain air.

RightIt's lovely tobreathe the freshmountain air.

Comment

To aspire significa aspirar, desear, pre-tender. Pero no significa aspirar = ins-pirar, que se traduce por to inhale, tobreathe (in). Notese: aspirar un soni-do = to aspirate.

ExamplesShe had always aspired to beinga politician.They don't aspire to wealth.

Siempre habia aspirado a serpolitica.No aspiran a ser ricos.

Exercises1. AspirO el aire fresco de la montana. 2. En algunos lugares de Anda-lucfa y Extremadura los hablantes aspiran la hache. 3. El me~dico ledijo que aspirara aire profundamente. 4. La 'h' de 'hour' no se aspira.

assassin

Wrong ?

Harold Shipman is |the worst serial |assassin in British |history. |

Right *Harold Shipman ,is the worst ?serial killer in |British history. |

Comment

Assassin significa asesino = magnicida.No significa asesino = criminal, homi-cida, que se traduce por murderer, killer.

• Examples

Lee Harvey Oswald was theassassin of President Kennedy.

Lee Harvey Oswa Id fue el asesi no |del Presidente Kennedy

Exercises1. El m6dico Harold Shipman es el peor asesino en serie en la historiade Gran Bretana. 2. El asesino convicto Gary Graham fue ejecutadocon una inyeccidn letal el jueves en Texas.

18 EDITORIAL STANLEY

aspersion

Wrong

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Wrong

Our company payshim a lot ofmoney to assessus on tax matters.

RightOur companypays him a lotof money toadvise us on taxmatters.

Comment

To assess significa evaluar, valorar, ta-sar. No significa asesorar, que se traducepor to advise.

assignation 69WrongHer weekly assig-nation is £25.

RightHer weeklyallowance is £25.

Comment

Assignation significa una cita, a me-nudo secreta (de amantes). No signifi-ca asignacion, que se traduce por wages(sueldo) o paga (allowance).

Wrong

He only assistedat a single class.

RightHe only attended |a single class.

CommentI

To assist es sinonimo de to help y signi- |fica ayudar. No significa asistir, que se ftraduce por to attend (una reunibn, un |acto), to go to o to be at. N6tese: vassistance = ayuda.

assistance 71

Wrong

He had neverperformed infront of a largeassistance.

£ RightI He had never| performed in§ front of a large• audience.

f1

»

Comment

Assistance significa asistencia = ayu-da. Pero no significa asistencia = pre-sencia, que se traduce por attendance,presence o audience.

• ExamplesThey assessed the student'sprogress.We assessed our chances ofsuccess.Assess the situation and take theappropriate action.He assessed his losses at $10,000.

Evaluaron el rendimiento del estu-diante.Evaluamos nuestras posibilidadesde tener exito.Evalue la situacion y tome las me-didas pertinentes.Valoro sus perclidas en $10.000.

Exercises1. Lo asesoraron sobre c6mo llevar a cabo la compra. 2. Me hiceasesorar por un abogado. 3. El nos asesora en los aspectos t6cnicos.4. Asesoro a la compania en materia de impuestos.

' ExamplesHe has an assignation with her inthe Maria Cristina Hotel.He did not come to the assignation

Tiene cita con ella en el HotelMaria Cristina.No acudio a la cita secreta.

Exercises1. Mi asignacitin es insuficiente para mis gastos. 2. Su asignaci6nsemanal es de 20 euros.

Le podemos ayudar a encontraralojamientoSe neg6 a secundarlo en su plan.Les ayudo a organizar la confe-rencia.

* Examples

We can assist you in finding |accommodation.She refused to assist him in his plantShe assisted them in organizing the Iconference. I

Exercises1. Nadieacudiden su ayuda. 2. Asistiba una sola clase. 3. Asisteaclases nocturnas. 4. Asistiran a la fiesta unas quince personas.

• Unpoliciaacudidaprestarmeayuda.Apelaron a la ONU para queayudara.Necesita asistencia medica.

' ExamplesA policeman came to my assistance.

They called upon the UN forassistance.He needs medical assistance.

Exercises1. Se celebrd con nutrida asistencia. 2. La asistencia es discrecional.3. La asistencia del presidente dio realce a la celebracidn. 4. Conta-mos con su asistencia a la recepcidn.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 19

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assistant

Wronq%.£

The assistantsbegan com-plaining aboutthe delay.

RightThose presentbegan com-plaining aboutthe delay.

CommentAssistant significa dependiente (enuna tienda), empleado, ayudante. Nosignifica asistente (militar), que se tra-duce por batman o orderly. Notese: losasistentes = those present.

' ExamplesIt's ajob which can safely be leftto your assistant.This is my assistant, he'll put youin the picture.

Es un trabajo que puedes confiar atu ayudante sin ningun problema.Este es mi ayudante, 61 te pondraal tanto de todo.

Exercises1. Entre los asistentes habia muchos rostros televisivos. 2. Los asis-tentes empezaron a quejarse por el retraso. 3. Dos de cada tres asis-tentes eran mujeres. 4. Le confi6 la tarea a un ayudante.

RightI assume you'veheard the news.

CommentTo assume significa asumir = tomarsobre sf o adoptar. Tambien significasuponer, presuponer.

* ExamplesHe assumed control of the company.I'm wi 11 i ng to assume greaterresponsibility.Let's assume they're right.

Asumiti la direction de la compania.Estoy dispuesto a asumir mas res-ponsabilidades.Supongamos que tienen razon.

He assumed an air of cheerfulness. Adoptounairede falsa alegrfa.

Exercises1. Supuse que no se conocfan. 2. Habiamos supuesto que la tasa deinflacionseriabaja, 3. Supongamos que tienen raztin. 4. Supongoquete habras enterado de la noticia.

attend

WrongAttend, what I'mgoing to say isvery important.

RightPay attention,what I'm goingto say is veryimportant.

CommentTo attend significa asistir (a una re-unibn). Tambien puede significar aten-der = ocuparse de (pero en este sentidoes mas frecuente usar to take care of, tolook after). No significa atender = pres-tar atencion, que se traduce por to payattention, to heed.

ExamplesDid he attend the lecture?Will you attend to thesecustomers, please?The meeting was well attended.He attended to some business atthe bank.

Asistiti a la conferencia?^Puedes atender a estos clientes,por favor?Asistiti mucha gente a la reunion.Hizo unas diligencias en el banco.

Exercises1. Asistid a un congreso de medicina en Barcelona. 2. Atiende, queesto es importante. 3. Afortunadamente atendieron mi petition. 4.Lo explicti pero nadie le atenditi. 5. Atiendeme cuando te hablo. 6.Mucha gente asistid al entierro.

20 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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RightMy sister is a My sister is abachelor -she'll school leaverbe going to -she'll be goinguniversity soon. to university soon.

CommentBachelor significa soltero. No significabachiHer, que se traduce por schoolleaver with A levels (UK), high schoolgraduate (US).

Examples

He's a confirmed bachelor.This man is Hollywood's mosteligible bachelor.

Es un soltero empedernido.Este hombre es el soltero m3scotizado de Hollywood.

Exercises1. Mi hermana ya es bachiller y dentro de poco va a ingresar en launiversidad. 2. Cuando dejes el institute este ano seras un bachiller.

Wronq RightYou have to bal- You have to rockance the baby for the baby for aa while before while beforehe'll go to sleep. he'll go to sleep.

CommentTo balance significa mantener enequlibrio. No significa balancear, que setraduce por to rock (una si I la, una mece-dora), to swing (los brazos, las piernas).

rongThe centre forwardsmashed the bal-loon into the backof the net.

RightThe centre for-ward smashedthe ball into theback of the net.

CommentBalloon significa globo. No significa ba-lon, que se traduce por ball, football.

barbarity

WrongShe spent a bar-barity in the sales.

RightShe spent a fortunein the sales.

CommentBarbarity significa barbaridad = actoatroz. No significa barbaridad = despro-p6sito, que se traduce por piece ofnonsense; ni barbaridad = cantidad ex-cesiva, que se traduce por a lot, (de di-nero) a fortune.

ExamplesHe was balancing a ball on hishead.The climber was balanced on aledge.He put out his arms to balancehimself.

Mantenia una pelota en equilibriosobrelacabeza.El alpinista se mantenfa en equili-brio en unsaliente.Extendio los brazos para no perderel equilibrio.

Exercises1. Estaba sentada en el muro balanceando las piernas. 2. Al niiio hayque balancearlo un poco para que se duerma. 3. Balanceen los brazoshacia atras y hacia adelante. 4. jDeja de balancearte en la silla!

1 Examples

The balloon rose high up in thesky.

El globo ascenditi hacia elfirmamento.

Exercises1. Eljugador botd el balon antes de sacar. 2. Mand6 el balon al fondode la red de un trallazo.

Examples

During their reign many acts ofbarbarity were committed.

Durante su reinado se cometieronmuchas barbaridades.

Exercises1. No digas barbaridades. 2. Nos cost6 una barbaridad. 3. Gasto unabarbaridad en las rebajas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 21

bachelor

balance

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WrongThe barracks aremade of mud.

RightThe huts aremade of mud.

CommentBarracks significa cuartel. No significabarracas, que se traduce por shacks, huts.

' ExamplesThe barracks occupies acommanding position.The soldiers spent several weeks inbarracks.The guerrillas have taken thebarracks by storm.

Exercises1. Las barracas estan hechas de barro. 2. Las ultimas lluvias han des-truido las barracas que estaban junto at no. 3. El pastor tiene unabarracaenlacolina.

El cuartel ocupa una posiciCndominante.Los soldados pasaron variassemanas acuartelados.Los guerrilleros han tornado elcuartel por asalto.

WrongYou should growa bigot.

RightYou should growa moustache.

CommentBigot significa intolerante, fandtico. Nosignifica bigote, que se traduce pormoustache.

bizarre

WrongThat bizarresoldier savedseveral lives.

RightThat gallantsoldier savedseveral lives.

CommentBizarre significa extrano, singular, ex-travagante. No significa bizarro, que setraduce por brave, dashing, gallant.

WrongHe's too bland toplay rugby.

RightHe's too puny toplay rugby.

Comment

Bland significa soso, insulso, desabrido,insfpido. No significa blando, que se tra-duce por soft, tender, flabby, weak, puny.

* ExamplesI n the novel he is depicted as areligious bigot.

• You can't discuss pol itics withhim because he's a bigot.

wwmmKwmmi&im&m&mgi^wrM'tw-'.-

ExercisesI.Tendnas que dejarte bigote.queda horroroso.

' ExamplesThey have very bizarre customs.His latest film is equally bizarre.

La novela lo pinta como un fana-tico religiose.Con 61 no puedes discutir sobrepolitica porque es un fanatico.

2. Se afeito" el bigote. 3. El bigote le

Tienencostumbresmuysingulares. ISu ultima pelfculaesigualderara. I

Exercises1. Aquel soldado de actitud bizarra salvti la vida a varies companeros.2. Cayti como un hombre bizarro en la batalla. 3. Esa muchacha tieneideas muy extravagantes.

• ExamplesYou've put too little salt in thefood, it's very bland.This film is another bland Americancomedy.

Has echado poco sal a la comida,estamuysosa.Esta pelicula es otra insfpida co-media americana.

Exercises1. Me gustan las almohadas blandas. 2. Es demasiado blando parajugar al rugby. 3. Las galletas se han puesto blandas.

22 EDITORIAL STANLEY

barracks

bigot

bland

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bomber

WrongWhen I grow upI want to be abomber and putout fires.

RightWhen I grow up,I want to be afireman and putout fires.

Comment ^

Bomber significa bombardero o terro- ;;

rista (que perpetra atentados colocan- :

do bombas). No significa bombero, que |se traduce por fireman. N6tese: los bom- '4beros = the fire brigade (UK), the Fire &Department (US). I

1 Examples

At the end of the film, all theenemy bombers were shot down.

The bomber flew over the areabefore attacking.

Al final de la pelicula, todos losbombarderos enemigos fueronderribados.El bombadero sobrevolc- la zonaantes de atacar.

Exercises1. El bombero quedti atrapado bajo una viga caida. 2. Llama a losbomberos. 3. De mayor quiero ser bombero. 4. El bombardero destru-y6 la ciudad.

bracelet

WrongHe was wearinga black braceletbecause hisfather hadrecently died.

RightHe was wearinga black armbandbecause hisfather hadrecently died.

Comment

Bracelet significa brazalete = pulsera.No significa brazalete = distintivo, quese traduce por armband.

Examples

I hadn't noticed that she waswearing a new bracelet.

No me habia fijado en que I levaba juna pulsera nueva. |

Exercises I1. Llevaba un brazalete neqro en el brazo. 2. Le reqalaron un braza- |

siletedeplata. I

Wrong :" RightDon't get too j Don't get tooclose, the dog is | close, the dog isbrave. a ferocious.

CommentBrave significa valiente, valeroso. No sig-nifica bravo = fiero, salvaje, que se tra-duce por fiery, fierce, ferocious. Ntitese:un toro bravo = a fighting bull.„"•*-"*!» 5f¥#-*t*«*'*4'. -13MR.*/ " , ,» r V f \ r1*^***

Examples

You have to be brave to dosomething like that.It was a brave decision.

Hacer algo asi requiere valentia.

Fue una decisidn valiente.

Exercises1. No te acerques demasiado, es un perro bravo. 2. Tienen una gana-deria de toros bravos.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 23

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Wrong

He has a bruteincome of £3,000a month.

RightHe has a grossincome of £3,000a month.

Comment

Brute significa bruto = bestia. No signi-fica bruto = tonto, que se traduce porstupid; ni bruto = grosero, que se tradu-ce por coarse, uncouth. Tampoco signifi-ca bruto = sin descuentos, que se tradu-ce por gross.

1 ExamplesWhat a brute! he nearly knockedme over.You hurt me, you brute!

jQu6 animal! casi me tira.

Me has hecho dano, eres un bestia.

Exercises1. Es ma's bruto que un arado. 2. ^Ctimo aprobaron a un bruto como61? 3. Su sueldo bruto es de cuatro mil euros al mes.

Wrong

You can call ataxi from thecabin at the endof the street.

RightYou can call ataxi from thephone box at theend of the street.

Comment

Cabin significa cabana o camarote. Nosignifica cabina, que se traduce general-mente por box, booth. Ntitese: cabinatelefbnica = phone box, cabina elec-toral = polling booth.

ExamplesThat cabin provided shelter fortravelers.The cabin stood a little asidefrom the path.

Aquella cabana era amparo de ca-minantes.La cabana se hallaba algo aparta-da del camino.

Exercises1. No tengo teiefono, te Hamate desde una cabina. 2. Bajo un momen-to a llamar desde la cabina.

cabinet

WrongThe doctor exam-ined the patientsin his cabinet.

RightThe doctor exam-ined the patientsin his surgery.

Comment

Cabinet significa armario, vitrina, ar-chivador, botiqufn y gabinete = con-sejo de ministros. No significa gabine-te (de un medico), que se traduce porsurgery, consulting room.

ExamplesThe china was kept in a glasscabinet.The composition of the newcabinet still hasn't beenannounced.

Guardaba la porcelana en unavitrina.Todavfa no han anunciado lacomposition del nuevo gabinetede ministros.

Exercises1. El m6dico examina a sus pacientes en el gabinete. 2. En su gabine-te s6lo tiene una mesa y una Camilla.

24 EDITORIAL STANLEY

brute

cabin

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callous

WrongBricklayers oftenhave calloushands.

89

Right jBricklayers |often have fcallused hands. :;

Comment

Callous significa insensible, cruel. Nosignifica calloso, que se traduce por rough,callused, hard.

' Examples

People were horrified by thecallous nature of the crime.He's so cal lous! he's gone to thefootball on the day of the funeral!

• La crueldad del crimen horrorizti ala opinidn publica.

• jQu6 insensibilidad! jmira que irseal futbol el dia del entierro!

Exercises

1. Losalbanilessuelentenerlasmanoscallosas. 2. Loquemedisgus-t6 fue la brutalidad con que lo dijo.

WrongShe's attractedby a career inthe camp ofengineering.

RightShe's attractedby a career inthe field ofengineering.

Comment

Camp significa campamento. No signi-fica campo, que se traduce por field,country.

ExamplesThey pitched camp at midday.Facilities at the camp wererudimentary.All trace of their camp had beenblown away by the wind.

Instalaron el campamento al me-diodia.Las instalaciones del campamentoeran rudimentarias.El viento no habia dejado ni rastrodel campamento.

Exercises |

l. Se quejaba de los inconvenientes que tiene vivir en el campo. 2. Me *encanta ir al campo. 3. Le atrae una carrera profesional en el campo 'de la ingenierfa. |> ^v- ..v^sft rf-a^**, 4^ym.£M*«^$§5^^

Wrong

He's so candidhe believeseverything theytell him.

RightHe's so naivehe believeseverything theytell him.

Comment

Candid significa abierto, franco, since-ro. No significa ca*ndido, que se traduce pornaive, innocent.

Examples

He was very candid with me.What's your candid opinion?

Fue muy sincero (franco) conmigo.Dime francamente lo que opinas.

Exercises

"\. Juan es un ca"ndido, jse cree todo lo que le dicen! 2. 0 es increfble-mente Candida o es tonta. 3. Habld con una franqueza inusual.

^

EDITORIAL STANLEY 25

camp

candid

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carbon

Wrong

The fireman'sface and handswere as black ascarbon.

RightThe fireman's jface and hands :

were as black as ;coal. :

Comment

Carbon significa carbono. No significa car-

> ExamplesIt's a molecule formed by a chainof carbon atoms.Carbon occurs naturally in the formof diamond or of graphite.

Carbon dioxide is used in fizzydrinks.

Es una moiecula formada por unacadena de atomos de carbono.El carbono se presenta en la natu-raleza en forma de diamante o degrafito.En las.bebidas efervescentes seutiliza el didxido de carbono.

Exercises1. La industria del carbdn ha resultado gravemente afectada. 2. Seabastecieron de carotin antes de que subiera el precio. 3. Le hizo un

bbn, que se tradm

cardinal

Wrong

He was coveredwith cardinalsafter the fight.

ce por coal o charcoal. {,

931

: Right J

He was covered ^$ with bruises ;f

^ after the fight. |

retrato al carbtin.*J*!l "'** V, V J-

• Examples

The archbishop was elevated tocardinal.

El arzobispo fue elevado a la dig-nidadde cardenal.

Comment

Cardinal significa cardenal (de la Igle-sia). No significa cardenal = morattin,que se traduce por bruise.

Exercises

1. Tenia los brazos llenos de cardenales. 2. Estaba cubierto de carde-nales despu6s de la pelea.

career 94

Wrong

He finished thecareer in thirdplace.

i Right \

- He finished thei race in third ,1 place. |

Comment

Career significa carrera = profesidn. Nosignifica carrera = estudios universi-tarios, que se traduce por universitystudies. Tampoco significa carrera =competicitin, que se traduce por race.

• ExamplesShe's attracted by a career inengineering.He made a career for himself in

journalism.

Le atrae una carrera profesional enel campo de la ingenieria.Se forj6 una carrera en el periodis- 'mo. ,"

Exercises

1. Esta haciendo la carrera de quimicas. 2. ^Quieres que vayamos alas carreras el domingo? 3. La bebida arruinti su carrera. 4. Termin6la carrera en decimo lugar.

Wrong Right f

He has an impor- I He has an impor- ;tant cargo in the i tant position in Icompany. ^ the company. ~~

Comment t

Cargo significa carga, cargamento. No |significa cargo, que se traduce por post, 1position (puesto); charge. S

• ExamplesThe dockers refused to handle thecargo.The ship began to list after the car-go shifted.

Los estibadores se negaron a tocarel cargamento.El busque escor6 al desplazarse lacarga.

Exercises1. Desempena un cargo importante en la empresa. 2. Hoy toma pose-si6n de su cargo. 3. Se retiraron todos los cargos en su contra. 4.Tengo la admihistracidn a mi cargo.

26 EDITORIAL STANLEY

cargo

Page 40: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

carpet

WrongHe keeps hisnotes for eachsubject in adifferent carpet.

96

RightI He keeps his" notes for eachI subject in af different folder.

Comment

Carpet significa alfombra, moqueta. Nosignifica carpeta, que se traduce porfolder. Notese: cerrar la carpeta = toclose the file.

• ExamplesChanging the carpet really made adifference to the room.

She burned a hole in the carpet.

Al cambiar la moqueta, la habita-tion tenia un aspecto totalmentedistinto.Hizo un agujero al quemar lamoqueta.

Exercises1. Qu6date con estas carpetas, yo tengo muchas mSs en casa. 2. Guar-do todos los apuntes de cada asignatura en una carpeta diferente paraencontrarlos fdcilmente. 3. La casa tiene alfombra de pared a pared.

I RightJ They recycle

cardboard to makehigh-quality paper.

Wrong

They recyclecarton to makehigh-qualitypaper.

Comment

Carton significa caja de carton. No sig-nifica cartbn (el material), que se tra-duce por cardboard.

RightProtect yourself

from falling ob-jects by wearinga safety helmet.

WrongProtect yourself

from falling ob-jects by wearinga safety cask.

Comment

Cask significa tonel, barril. No significacasco, que se traduce por helmet; emptybottle; (de un barco) hull.

Wrong

Casually I saw

him yesterday.

RightAs it happens I saw Jhim yesterday.

Comment

Casually significa informalmente, contoda tranquilidad. No significa casual-mente, que se traduce por as it happens,coincidentally, funnily enough.

ExamplesDo you likethisjuice? I'vebrought two cartons of it.You can use the big carton topack things in.

Je gusta este zumo? He traidodos cartones.Puedes utilizar la caja de cartdngrande para empaquetar cosas.

Exercises1. El carton es un material que puede reciclarse para volverse a usar.2. ^Puedes comprar dos cartones de huevos? 3. Pusieron el gatito enuna caja de cart6n.

• ExamplesWine ages in oak casks. El vino madura en toneles de roble.

Exercises1. Insistiti en la importancia de llevar casco. 2. Tenemos que recogertodos los cascos. 3. Todo el personal tiene que llevar puesto el cascoprotector. 4. El torpedo abriti un boquete en el casco del barco.

ExamplesWe have discussed the matter, butonly casually.She dropped it into theconversation quite casually.They were casually dressed.

Hemos discutido el asunto, peros6lo de manera informal.Lo dej6 caer descuidadamente.

I ban vestidosde sport.

Exercises1. Casualmente vi el otro dfa uno igual. 2. Pues casualmente acabode comprar uno.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 27

carton

cask

casually

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casualty

It was by purecasualty that wemet.

Right

It was by purechance that wemet.

Comment

Casualty significa vfctima (muerto o he-rido en un accidente), baja. No signifi-ca casualidad, que se traduce porcoincidence, chance, accident.

category

Their new officeshave more categorythan the previousones.

Right

Their new officeshave more classthan the previousones.

Comment

Category significa categoria = clase. Nosignifica categoria = calidad, prestigioque se traduce por class, prestige.

certify 102Wmno

There's a certifiedletter for you- you have tosign for it.

Right

There's a regis-tered letter foryou - you have tosign for it.

CommentTo certify significa certificar = afirmarla verdad de algo. No significa certifi-car (una carta), que se traduce por toregister, to record.

character

Right

The novel's maincharacter is a16th centuryexplorer.

Comment

Character significa caracter. Tambien sig-nifica personaje, protagonista (de unanovela, pelfcula, etc.) y tipo, caso,persona excentrica.

« ExamplesThere were many casua Ities after the • La explosion cause* muchosexplosion. heridos.

The Russians suffered heavy casualties. • Los rusos sufrieron numerosas bajas.

The casualty figures were two dead • El balance de bajas fue de dosand thirteen injured. muertos y trece heridos.

Exercises1. Fue por pura casualidad que nos encontramos. 2. Trasladaron a losheridos al hospital. 3. ^No conoceras a Jim por casualidad? 4. Sufri-mos numerosas bajas. 5. jQue casualidad, venir a cenar al mismo res-taurante!

ExamplesIt is divided into threecategories.There are several categories of

Se divide en tres categories.

Hay varias categories de musica.music.

Exercises1. Es un restaurante de categoria. 2. Es una revista de poca catego-ria. 3. El nuevo local tiene ma's categoria. 4. Esta marca tiene mascategoria.

• Examples

I had to certify that it was hersignature.The notary certified the deed asgenuine.

Tuve que dar fe de que era sufirma.El notario certif ic6 que la escrituraera autentica.

Exercises1. Envie la carta certificada. 2. Hay una carta certificada para ti.

Examples

They're completely different incharacter.

She's a good judge of character.

The main character is an old man.

Barbara's a real character.

Tienen caracteres completamentedistintos.

EsbuenapsicoToga.El personaje principal es un hom-bre viejo.

Barbara estodoun caso.

Exercises1. El restaurante tiene mucho caracter. 2. Me dio la impresi6n de serun tipo poco fiable. 3. El actor se desdoblaba en dos personajes. 4. Lashadas son personajes del reino de la fantasia.

28 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

Wrong

Page 42: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

charlatan

She's a realcharlatan, shejust never stopstalking.

RightShe's a realchatterbox, shejust never stopstalking.

Comment

Charlatan significa solo farsante, ven-dedor deshonesto. No significa charla-tan = alguien que habla demasiado,que se traduce por chatterbox.

Examples

Politicians are only charlatans.She was tricked by a charlatanand ended up losing all hermoney.

Los polfticos no son mas queunos embaucadores.Un charlatan la engantiy acaboperdiendo todo su dinero.

Exercises

1. No seas tan charlatan y atiende un poco. 2. La maestra lo castigo"por ser tan charlatan.

chimney

RightOn winter On winterevenings we used evenings weto sit by the used to sit bychimney telling the fireplacestories. telling stories.

Comment

Chimney significa la parte de la chime-nea por donde sale el humo (la parteexterior). No significa la parte donde seencuentra el fuego (la parte interior),que se llama fireplace.

' Examples

The chimney was smoking in thedistance.She smokes like a chimney.

Se vefa a lo lejos el humo de lachimenea.Fuma como una chimenea.

Exercises

1. Habfan tapado la chimenea con maderos. 2. Estaba sentada deespaldas a la chimenea. 3. Escondio el dinero en la chimenea.

circulation

RightThis newspaperhas a daily cir-culation of morethan 3,000,000.

Comment

Circulation significa circulation = mo-vimiento (de la sangre, de vehiculos,etc). Tambien significa tirada (de un pe-riodico o de una revista).

ExamplesHer ring was so tight it stoppedthe circulation.The newspaper has a smallcirculation.

El anillo le quedaba tan apretadoque le impedia la circulacic-n.El peritidico tiene una tiradareducida.

Exercises

1. Es un peritidico con una tirada de 300.000 ejemplares diarios. 2.Este es el peri6dico de rna s tirada de la region. 3. Esta moneda esta"fuera de circulacidn.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 29

Wrong

Wrong

Page 43: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

Right

I never did any-thing to offendher, yet her tonewas barely civil.

Comment

Civil signifies civil = no mi I i tar, no reli-gioso. Tambien signifies cortes, educa-do. N6tese: civil servant = funcionario.

Wrong

She gave me her.pearl collar as apresent.

Right

She gave me herpearl necklace asa present.

Comment

Collar significa cuello. No significa collar(= adorno que rodea el cuello), que setraduce por necklace. Notese: collar depero = dog collar.

college* Right

His four-year-old %, His four-year-olddaughter is daughter isalready at college, already at school.

Comment

College significa generalmente universi-dad. Pocas veces significa colegio, que setraduce por school. Ntitese: technicalcollege = institute de formacitin pro-fesional.

comedian

Wrong „ Right

Don't be such a ; Don't be such acomedian, stop | fraud, stopcrying. It's only a | crying. It's onlyscratch. $ a scratch.

Comment

Comedian significa humorista, cdmico. Nosignifica comediante, que se traduce poractor (actress) o por fraud, hypocrite.

* ExamplesThey were married in a civilceremony.Civil and military power residesin the King himself.That's very civil of you.I think I'm entitled to a civilreply.

v •§?"•>" ^ V1*1^*1^-V^BVVS* WTL ->o^ » \V

Exercises

1. Se trata del derribo de un avi6n comercial. 2. Era un funcionario deescasa cuantfa. 3. Su tono fue apenas cortes.

Se casaron por lo civil.

En la persona del Rey se concentrael poder civil ymilitar.Es muy gentil de su parte.Creo que merezco una respuestacortes.

• ExamplesThe coat has a detachable collar.

The policeman seized me by thecollar.This damned collar is too tight,it's choking me.

El abrigo Neva un cuello de quita y pon. tEl policfa me agarrti por el cuello.

iEste maldito cuello me aprieta, me esta *estrangulando.

Exercises

1. Me regald su collar de perlas. 2. Me mostrti un collar de piedras decolores brillantes. 3. El cuello de la camisa esta sucio.

• Examples

Where did he go to college?My new assistant is fresh fromcollege.He was thrown out of college.

iEn que universidad estudid?Mi nuevo ayudante acaba de salirde la universidad.Lo expulsaron de la universidad.

Exercises

1. Su hijo va muy adelantado en el colegio. 2. Es el ma's alto delcolegio. 3. De sus dos hijas, la mayor ya va al colegio.

• ExamplesThe audience immediately under-stood the comedian's meaning.Your brother is a real comedian.

Bob Hope was a comedian withbrilliant timing.

Los espectadores captaron ensegui- *da la intenciCn del humorista. 4

Tu hermano es un verdadero payaso."

Bob Hope era un ctimico con un ge- ^nial sentido de la oportunidad. ,

Exercises

1. Los antiguos comediantes recorrian los pueblos con sus espectcicu-los. 2. Es un comediante, mira la que esta armando por una heridita denada. 3. No seas comediante y deja de llorar. No es ma's que un rasguno.

30 EDITORIAL STANLEY

civil

collar

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comedy

WrongHis headache ispure comedy - allhe wants is to getsome attention.

111RightHis headache isjust an act - all hewants is to getsome attention.

Examples

The play is a comedy, but with *elements of tragedy.Her new play is witty andoriginal.

La obra es una comedia perotiene elementos de tragedia.Su nueva comedia es chispeantey original.

Comment

Comedy significa comedia = obra de teatro opelfcula cbmica. No significa comedia = fingi-miento, que se traduce por an act, playacting.

Exercises1. Su conducta exagerada no es mas que comedia para ocultar sutimidez. 2. No hagas tanta comedia. 3. Su dolor de cabeza espura comedia, solo quiere llamar la atencidn.

commercialRightThey show far toomany commercialson TV.

Comment

El adjetivo ingles commercial significa co-mercial. El sustantivo significa spot pu-blicitario, anuncio, aviso (en radio otelevision).

• Examples

It is not good commercial practice.

This commercial has been shownon TV many times.

No es una practice comercial reco-mendable.Han puesto varias veces esteanuncio en la tele.

Exercises1. Pasan diez minutos de pelfcula y quince de anuncios. 2. La idearesultd ser un desastre desde el punto de vista comercial. 3. Hay de-masiada publicidad en la tele.

RightI don't care I don't care whatwhat you wear you wear as !

as long as you're long as you'recommodious. comfortable.

Comment

Commodious significa espacioso, amplio.No significa cbmodo, que se traduce porcomfortable, convenient, useful, handy.

WrongShop in thecommodity ofyour own home.

RightShop in thecomfort of yourown home.

CommentCommodity significa producto, mercan-cia, articulo. No significa comodidad, quese traduce por comfort o convenience.Notese: household commodities = artf-culos para la casa.

> ExamplesWe'd like to exchange this flat forsomething more commodious. ,The table and armchair will fit ineasily, it's a very commodious room.

Nos gustaria cambiar este piso porotro ma's espacioso.Caben de sobra la mesa y el sil!6n,es una habitation muy espaciosa.

Exercises1. Me voy a poner algo ma's comodo. 2. No me siento cfjmodo cuandohablan de tales cosas. 3. Me da igual lo que te pongas con tal de queestes ctimodo. 4. Es muy comodo no tomar responsabilidades. 5. Com-pr6 una casa amplia.

Examples

They live in comfort.It's not a basic commodity.Even classic music has becomea mass-market commodity.Water is a precious commodity.

Viven con todas las comodidades.No es un artfculo de primera necesidad.Hasta la musica clasica se hamasificado.El agua es un bien precioso.

Exercises1. Aparcamos cerca de la estacion para mayor comodidad. 2. Le gustaviajar con comodidad. 3. Compre desde la comodidad de su hogar.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 31

commodious

commodity

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competence

WrongThere is strongcompetencebetween carmanufacturers.

115

RightThere is strongcompetitionbetween carmanufacturers.

CommentCompetence significa competencia = ca-pacidad, aptitud. No significa competen-cia (entre competidores), que se traducepor competition. Tampoco significa com-petencia = responsabilidad, que se tra-duce por field, province, responsibility.

complacent

He's very compla-cent, he'll bedelighted to takeyou home.

RightHe's very helpful,he'll be delightedto take you home.

CommentComplacent significa satisfecho de sfmismo, displicente. No significa compla-ciente, que se traduce por kind, helpful,obliging, indulgent.

complexion

She can do hard,physical work—she has a strongcomplexion.

RightShe can do hard,physical work—she has a strongconstitution.

CommentComplexion significa cutis, tez. No significacomplexitin, que se traduce por constitution.

WrongThe wine is acompliment tothe meal.

RightThe wine is acomplement tothe meal.

Comment \

Compliment significa cumplido, halago. Nosignifica complemento, que se traduce porcomplement o supplementary payment.

Examples

Her competence is not in doubt. Nadie pone en duda su competencia.

Exercises1. Ese asunto no es de mi incumbencia. 2. Le reveld nuestros planes ala competencia. 3. Hay mucha competencia para optar a las plazas enla universidad. 4. La conservacion de los monumentos es competen-cia del ayuntamiento.

Examples

I can't stand my brother-in-law.He's so complacent.You've won the first round, butdon't get complacent.

No aguanto a mi cunado, esta tansatisfechode si mismo.Has ganado la primera vuelta perono te duermas en los laureles.

Exercises1. Tuvo una actitud complaciente con los periodistas. 2. John es muycomplaciente, estara encantado de acompafiarte a casa. 3. Era muycomplaciente con su nieto.

Examples

She has a good complexion.

She has a dark complexion.

It's marvellous for your complexion.

Tiene buen cutis.

Esdetezmorena.

Es maravilloso para el cutis.

Exercises1. Es una chica de complexion robusta. 2. Kevin era de complexitin fuer-te. 3. Es de complexion menuda. 4. Lazarillo era de complexion recia.

ExamplesI'll take it as a compliment.He's received many compliments onhis cooking.He's always paying them compliments.

Lo tomare como un cumplido.Le ban alabado mucho lo bienquecocina.Siempre les esta echando flores.

Exercises1. Un buen vino bianco seria el complemento ideal para este plato.2. La lectura es un complemento indispensable para el desarrollo inte-lectual de la persona.

32 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

Wrong

compliment

Page 46: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

composed

Wrong

The past participleis used to formcomposed tenses.

Right

The past participleis used to formcompound tenses.

Comment

Composed significa sereno, tranquilo.No significa compuesto, que se traducepor ready o compound.Ndtese: compuesto de = consisting of,formed of, composed of.

Examples

She seemed very composed.He was very composed at the funeral.Although the plane was lurchingabout she remained quite composed.

Pareciamuytranquila.

Se mostrti muy entero en el funeral.Aunque el avitin daba tumbos el lasegufa imperturbable.

Exercises1. El participio pasado sirve para formar los tiempos compuestos. 2. Yaestoy listo, podemos irnos. 3. He escrito un poema compuesto de ochoversos. 4. El tren estaba compuesto por ocho vagones.

comprehensive

Wrong

He's a compre-hensive andsupportiveperson.

Right

He's an under-standing andsupportiveperson.

CommentComprehensive significa completo, ex-haustive, global. No significa compren-sivo, que se traduce por understanding.

• Examples

We have a comprehensive range ofproducts.He made a comprehensive study ofwildlife in the area.

Tenemos una amplia gama deproductos.Hizo un estudio exhaustive de lafauna de la zona.

He has a comprehensive knowledge : Tiene ampl ios conocimientos deofcomputing. informa'tica.

Exercises1. Fue todo por culpa nuestra, pero 61 estuvo muy comprensivo.2. Fue de lo mas comprensivo cuando muri6 mi mujer. 3. Es unhombre comprensivo y solidario.

compromise

Wrong

I can't come be-cause of a previ-ous compromise.

121

Right

I can't come be-cause of a previ-ous engagement.

Comment

Compromise significa compromiso sdloen el sentido de acuerdo mutuo, arreglo.No significa compromiso en los sentidosde obligacitin, cita, garantfa o apuro, quese traducen por obligation, engagement,guarantee y awkward position o tightcorner.

Examples

They tried to reach a compromise.We found a compromise betweenour differing requirements.We had to compromise over theprice.They refused to compromise onthe issue of pay.The management reached acompromise with the unions.

Interrtaron llegar a un acuerdo.Encontramos una solucidn interme-dia entre lo que cada uno pretendfa.Tuvimos que llegar a un acuerdosobre el precio.Se negaron a hacer concesiones enel temade los salaries.La direccitin Ileg6 a un compromisocon los sindicatos.

Exercises1. La invite por compromiso. 2. No me sera posible asistir debido a uncompromiso previo. 3. Esta noche no tengo ningun compromiso. 4. Esees nuestro compromiso de calidad. 5. Me pones en un compromiso. 6.Solicite, sin compromiso alguno, nuestro folleto informativo. 7. Tienemuchos compromisos sociales.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 33

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concern

I'm concernedthat they haven'twritten to us yet.

ExamplesIt isn't a problem that concernsme.Where money is concerned, he'shopeless.

He wasn't at all concerned about

No es un problema que meconciema.En lo que respecta al dinero,es un caso perdidoNo se preocupo en absolute

CommentTo concern significa concemir = ataner,incumbir. Tambi6n significa preocupar,inquietar. |

the child's health. por la salud del nino.

Exercises1. Me preocupa que no me hayan contestado todavia. 2. Lo que mepreocupa es su actitud. 3. Esta preocupada por su future.

WrongIn summerthere are manyopen-airconcertos.

RightIn summerthere are manyopen-airconcerts.

ExamplesThe date of the concert has beenchanged.This concerto is practicallyimpossible to play.

Han cambiado la fecha delconcierto.Este concierto es pra"cticamenteimposibledetocar.

Comment *Concerto significa concierto = obra mu- ^sical. No significa concierto = funci6n |musical, que se traduce por concert. i

Exercises

1. Beethoven compuso este concierto en un mes. 2. El concierto co-menz6 con el himno nacional. 3. En verano abundan los conciertos alaire libre.

concrete

WrongThey had no con-crete plans forthe weekend.

Right ^They had no par- \ticular plans for Ithe weekend. i

Comment }Concrete significa concreto = precise,;real (lo contrario de abstracto). No sig-|nifica concreto = particular, que se tradu- *ce por specific, definite, particular, etc. *Tambien significa hormigon, de hormigon.;

• ExamplesAn object is something concrete, asopposed to an idea, which issomething abstract.It's an enormous concrete and steelbuilding.

Un objeto es algo concreto, frentea una idea, que es algo abstracto.

Es una enorme edificacitin de hor-^ mig6n y acero.

iVWB* *s*»»,u* J* «, «(SS. J*»*«M«S J?-9WPrt*»,«*»,W-A

Exercises1. Hasta la fecha no hemos organizado nada concreto. 2. Fyemos unafecha concreta. 3. No tenfan planes concretes para el fin de semana. 4.Quiero saber, en concreto, cuanto me va a costar.

concurrence

Wrong

The comediangreeted the con-currence warmly.

Right 1The comedian |greeted the au- »dience warmly. ]

CommentConcurrence significa acuerdo, confor-midad. Tambi6n significa concurrencia= simultaneidad, pero no significa con-currencia = publico, asistentes, que setraduce por audience o attendance.

ExamplesThere was no concurrence of ideas.He attributed his delay to theconcurrence of various factors.A concurrence of tragedies forcedus to leave the city.

Exercises j1. La concurrencia aplaudi6 a rabiar. 2. Se espera la concurrencia dejpersonas muy importantes. 3. Dirigi6 un caiido saludo a la concurrencia.;

No hubo acuerdo de ideas.Justified su retraso por la concu-rrencia de diversos factores.La concurrencia de desgracias nosobligoadejarlaciudad.

34 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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condition

Wrong aHe attended the *reception in his ,"condition as *mayor.

126

Right |He attended -the reception ~in his capacity ;as mayor. t

Comment

Condition significa condicitin = es-tado y requisite. No significa condi-tion = calidad, situation, que se traducepor capacity. N6tese: en condicibnde = in the capacity of; as.

ExamplesYou should read the conditions ofpurchase. ,

The roads are in very poor condition.;•i

I'll lend it to you on one condition. '

Deberfas leer las condiciones decompra.Las carreteras estan en muy mal estado.Te lo presto con una sola condici6n.

His condition has improved slightly. ? Su estado ha experimentado unaligera mejorfa.

Exercises

1. Asistid a la recepcidn en su condicidn de cdnsul. 2. En su condici6nde diplomatico tiene inmunidad. 3. Su condicidn de empleado de laempresa le impide participar en el concurso.

conductor K-j 127

Wrong

The conductorlost control of the s>vehicle and it Icrashed. J;

RightThe driver lostcontrol of thevehicle and itcrashed.

i1|

I

Comment

Conductor significa cobrador (de auto-bus) o director de orquesta. No significaconductor, que se traduce por driver.

* - -• -

Examples

I paid the conductor for my busticket.The conductor of this orchestra isvery young.

Pague mi billete de autobus alcobrador.El director de esta orquesta esmuyjoven.

Exercises

1. Es un conductor muy negligente. 2. El conductor perdid el control3. Prohibido distraer al conductor.

conference

WrongHe gave a veryinterestingconference onShakespeare.lA^nsancWAmiwsM

128

* Right-- He gave a very5 interestingI lecture on

. Shakespeare.

ii

i?t

Comment

Conference significa conferencia en elsentido de congreso o de reunion. No sig-nifica conferencia = discurso, que se tra-duce por lecture, talk. Ndtese: una con-ferencia interurbana / internacional =a long-distance call.

ExamplesThe conference closed on anoptimistic note.They met each other at aconference.The French delegation withdrewfrom the conference.

El congreso acab6 en un ambientedeoptimismo.Se conocieron en una conferencia.

La delegacies francesa abandon^el congreso.

Exercises

1. No vino nadie a la conferencia. 2. Aderezd la conferencia con variasan6cdotas. 3. Asistieron a la conferencia delegados de todo el mundo.4. Dio una conferencia sobre los problemas del medio ambiente

EDITORIAL STANLEY 35

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Right

My sister is my My sister is myconfident, I tell confidante, I tellher everything. , her everything.

CommentConfident significa seguro de si mismo ohecho con confianza. No significa confi-dente, que se traduce por confidant (f.confidante) o informer (de la policia).

confine

Right

His strange be- His strange be-haviour confines haviour borders '"with madness. on madness.

CommentTo confine significa encerrar, limitar.No significa confinar = lindar, aseme-

jarse, que se traduce por to border on.

confront

When you confrontthe two versions,you can see manysimilarities.

131 I

Right

When you comparethe two versions,you can see many :

similarities.

CommentTo confront significa confrontar = hacerlefrente a, enfrentar. No significa confron-tar = cotejar, que se traduce por to compa-re; ni confrontar = carrear, que se traducepor to bring ... face to face.

conjugate

Wrong

To run a goodrace, you need toconjugate speedand stamina.

Right

To run a goodrace, you need tocombine speedand stamina.

ExamplesHe was confident that he wouldpass.She is certainly very confidentfor her age.She was confident that everyonewould come.

Tenia mucha confianza en queaprobaria.No cabe duda de que es una personamuy segura de si misma para su edad.Conf iaba que todo el mundoviniera.

Exercises1. Esta confiado en que todo saldrd bien. 2. Mi hermana es mi confiden-te, siempre le cuento todas mis cosas. 3. Dejoven tenia mucha seguri-dad en si misma. 4. Pagaron a los confidentes con una parte del botin.

• ExamplesShe confines her analysis to one country. Limita su analisis a un pais.

La lluvia los oblige a permane-cerenlacasa.La drogadiccion no afecta uni-camente a las grandes ciudades.

Rain confined them to the house.

Drug addiction is not confined to largecities.

Exercises1. Su extrana conducta confina con la locura. 2. Limitese el testigo arelatar los hechos. 3. El incendio se localiz6 en el sotano. 4. Franciaconfina con Espafia.

ExamplesHe refuses to confront the problem.

Police were confronted by a groupof demonstrators.

He demonstrated his bravery whenhe confronted the thieves.

I'm confronted with a dilemma.

Se niega a afrontar el problema.

La policia se vio enfrentada aun grupo de manifestantes.

Demostrti su valor enfrentandosea los ladrones.

Estoy frente a undilema.

Exercises1. El juez confront^ a los testigos con el acusado. 2. Al confrontarlas dos versiones se descubren las semejanzas. 3. Se encard con el

jefe y casi la despiden. 4. Si confrontamos los dos cuadros podre-mos descubrir cual es el aut6ntico.

Examples

I'm going to conjugate the presentindicative of the verb "beber".

Voy a conjugar el presente deindicative del verbo "beber".

CommentTo conjugate significa conjugar (un verbo).No significa conjugar = unir, acordar, que setraduce por to bring together, to combine.

Exercises1. Ha logrado conjugar elegancia y sencillez. 2. La novela conjugadiferentes estilos literarios. 3. Para hacer una buena carrera debesconjugar la velocidad y la resistencia.

36 EDITORIAL STANLEY

confident

Wrong

Wrong

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Wrong

They conjuredagainst thedirector of theinstitute.

Right

They conspiredagainst thedirector of theinstitute.

Comment *

To conjure significa hacer magia, invo-car (espiritus), hacer aparecer (comopor ante de magia). No significa conju-rar, que se traduce por to conspire, to plot. |

1 ExamplesHe conjured a rabbit out of a hat.

She conjured up a delicious lunch.

He'd conjured up some figures outof nowhere.

Sac6 un conejo del sombrero.

Hizo un delicioso almuerzo en unsartiamen.Habia sacado unas cifras no s6 dedOnde.

Exercises {

1. Cree que los criticos se han conjurado en su contra. 2. Sentfamos que!hasta los elementos se habian conjurado contra nosotros. 3. Se conju-1raron en contra de la directora del institute. j

consent

Wrong

He consentshis children bygiving themeverything theywant.

Right |He spoils his |children by •giving themeverything they |want. !

Comment

To consent significa acceder. No significa jconsentir = permitir, que se traduce porto allow, to permit. Tampoco significaconsentir = malcriar, mimar, que se tra-duce por to spoil.

• Examples

He consented to being interviewed.

They will consent to anything wepropose.I wi 11 not consent to it under any jcircumstances.

Consintid en ser entrevistado.Aprobaran cuanto les proponga-rnos.No lo consentir6 bajo ningunpretexto.

Exercises

1. No me consienten que llegue a casa tarde. 2. Es el tipico padre queconsiente a sus hijos. 3. Consientes demasiado a tus hijos.

consequence

Right

She was anordinary womanof littleconsequence.

Comment |

Consequence significa consecuencia. ;;TambiSn puede significar importancia. |

• ExamplesDo what you like, but you'll haveto accept the consequences.This may have very seriousconsequences for us.That's of no consequence.

Haz lo que tu quieras, pero luegoatente a las consecuencias.Esto puede tener consecuenciasmuy graves para nosotros.

Eso no tiene importancia.

Exercises

1. Barthes es el unicojugador francos de cierta talla. 2. Por consi-guiente, nos veremos obligados a cerrar.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 37

conjure

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consequent 136

WrongThese measures

are consequentwith our generalpolicy.

RightThese measuresare consistentwith our generalpolicy.

Comment

Consequent significa consiguiente. Nosignifica consecuente, que se traduce porconsistent.

consistency 137

RightThere is a lackof consistencybetween whatthey practise andwhat theypreach.

Comment

Consistency significa consistencia (deuna mezcla, masa, salsa , etc.). Tam-bien significa regularidad, coherencia.

WrongThe first coursewasn't very con-sistent.

RightThe first coursewasn't very sub-stantial.

Comment

Consistent significa constante, coheren-te. No significa consistente, que se tra-duce por thick, solid, substantial.

Notese: consistente en algo = consistingof something.

• ExamplesThere may be different exams foreach region, with a consequentdisadvantage for certain students.Through the I nternet eachemployee can access theinformation, with a consequent sa-ving on costs for the company.

Exercises II

1. No se puede decir una cosa hoy y otra mariana, hay que ser conse- scuente. 2. Estas medidas son consecuentes con nuestra polftica ge- |neral. 3. Eljefe no es consecuente con su manera de pensar. 4. No es !consecuente en su conducta. I

Puede haber examenes distintosen cada regi6n, con el consiguien-te perjuicio para algunos alumnos.A trav6s de Internet cada emplea-do puede acceder a la informa-tion, con el consiguiente ahorrode costes para la empresa.

There was great consistencybetween what she said and whatshe did.The custard had the wrongconsistency.

Habia mucha coherencia entre suspalabrasysusactos.

La crema no tenfa la consistenciaadecuada.

Exercises |1. No hubo concordancia entre las declaraciones de los testigos. 2. Hay Suna notable falta de coherencia entre lo que predican y lo que hacen. ]

Examples

He is a very consistent player.His reasoning is not consistent.

This is not consistent with theirattempts to modernize the country.We have to be consistent in ourapproach.This is consistent with the generaltendency of their reforms.

Es unjugador muy constante.Le falta coherencia a su razona-miento.Esto no es coherente con sus inten-tos de modernizar el pais.Tenemos que ser consecuentes enel enfoque.Esto es coherente con la tendenciageneral de sus reformas.

Exercises1. La masa del bizcocho te ha salido demasiado consistente. 2. Elprimer plato fue muy poco consistente. 3. Gano un premio consisten-te en un viaje a Paris. 4. Su conducta no estS de acuerdo con suspromesas.

38 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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Wrong

He comes froma conspicuousfamily.

Right ;He comes from 1a distinguished |family. :

Comment I

Conspicuous significa llamativo, mani-|fiesto, muy visible. No significa conspi-1cuo, que se traduce por eminent, Idistinguished, illustrious. |

• Examples

We need to make the sign moreconspicuous.She felt conspicuous in her newclothes.

Es precise hacer la serial mds visible.

Tenia la impresi6n de que iba llaman-do la atencidn con la ropa nueva.

He was conspicuous by his absence. | Brill6porsuausencia.

Exercises"\. Pertenece a una conspicua familia. 2. Es un personaje conspicuo. 3.Con este sombrero tengo la sensacitin de que todo el mundo me mira.

Wrong

I can't come tothe party, I'mconstipated.

RightI can't come tothe party, I havea cold.

Comment

Constipated significa estrenido. No sig-nifica const! pado, que se traduce por acold o having a cold.

ExamplesThis medicine might make youconstipated.I don't feel very well because I'vebeen constipated for three days.He has to take laxatives becausehe's constipated.

Es posible que esta medicina leproduzca estrenimiento.Me encuentro mal porque llevotresdfas estrenido.Tiene que tomarse laxantes por-que esta" estrenido.

Exercises"\. Tenia un constipado muy fuerte. 2. No puedo venir a la fiesta, estoyconstipado. 3. Me has pegado el constipado. 4. Dicen que el arroz estririe.

WrongI phoned severaltimes but nobodycontested.

Right |I phoned severaltimes but no-body answered.

Comment

To contest significa luchar por, presen-tarse como candidate (elecciones), re-futar. No significa contestar, que se tra-duce por to answer.

' ExamplesHe contested his opponent'stheory.He contested the umpire's decision.Six candidates were contestingthe seat.

Mostr6 desacuerdo con la teorfa desu oponente.Protestti contra la decisitin del arbitro.Seis candidates se disputaban elescaiio.

Exercises*\. Contestti a todas nuestras preguntas. 2. Me escribid pero no piensocontestarle. 3. Llame varias veces, pero no contestaba nadie.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 39

conspicuous

contest

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convenience

WrongShe made me seethe convenience ofphoning before going jto their home.

Right |She made me see theadvisability |of phoning before |going to their home. I

CommentConvenience significa comodidad, ventaja. Nosignifica conveniencia = interes, provecho, quese traduce por benefit, ni conveniencia =utilidad, que se traduce por advisability,usefulness. Ndtese: conveniencias sociales =social conventions.

Examples

We parked close to the stationfor convenience.Do it at your convenience.Are you sure the date is toyour convenience?

Aparcamos cerca de la estacidnpara mayor comodidad.Hcigalo cuando le venga bien.^Esta" seguro de que la fecha leviene bien?

convenient

WrongYou have a fever,it would be con-venient for you tostay in bed.

RightYou have a fever,it would be ad-visable for youto stay in bed.

CommentConvenient significa conveniente =oportuno. Tambien significa socorrido,practice. No significa conveniente =aconsejable, que se traduce poradvisable, a good idea.

conviction 144

RightHe had severalprevious convic-tions for theft.

CommentConviction significa conviction = creen-cia firme. Tambien significa condena,sentencia de culpabilidad.

• ExamplesWe'll do it today or tomorrow, whi-chever is more convenient for you.Would eleven o'clock be convenient?The train is more convenient for her.This bank is very convenient for you.

Tuesday is not convenient for me.It is not a convenient moment.It's convenient for the market.Which day is it convenient for youto come?Frozen food is very convenient.

Exercises1. Te hizo el favor por conveniencia. 2. Actua unicamente por supropia conveniencia. 3. Le hizo ver la conveniencia de utilizarcrema solar. 4. Me hizo ver la conveniencia de avisar por teleTonoantes de ir a su casa.

Lo haremos hoy o manana, comole resulte m^s conveniente.

iLe viene bien a las once?Le es ma's comodo ir en tren.Este banco esta muy bien situadoparausted.El martes no me resulta conveniente.No es un momenta conven iente.Es practice para iral mercado.,:,Qu6 dia le viene bien venir?

La comida congelada es muy socorrida.,

Exercises1. El martes no me resulta conveniente. 2. Es conveniente beber muchaagua. 3. No es un momento conveniente. 4. Sena conveniente que se lodijeras. 5. No es conveniente que tome el sol. 6. Nojuzgti convenienteaceptar. 7. Sena conveniente que guardaras cama. 8. Resulta muy prac-tice tener la escuela tan cerca. 9. Es muy practice tener el coche parahacer las compras.

Habld sin mucha convicci6n.Lo dijo con tal convicci6n queno dejti lugar a dudas sobre susinceridad.Ha sido condenado por robo cuatroveces.Con esas pruebas lograron sucondena.

su padre estaba muerto. 2. TeniaNo tenfa antecedentes penales.

ExamplesHe spoke without much conviction. -She said it with such convictionthat there could be no doubt about 5her sincerity. ;He has had four convictions for «burglary. |With that evidence they managedto secure a conviction. 3

Exercises1. Creciti con la conviccidn de quevarias condenas previas por roboa ii»>«?«®i«ga**asi«wfc«9S«*«*J>«Tw*«.i*\

3.

40 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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correspondence

RightYou can get a cor- You can get arespondence to the connection to thet,Central Line from Central Line from Ithis station. this station. s

H, ^

Comment

Correspondence significa corresponden-cia = relation por correo; equivalen-cia. No significa correspondencia (en el -metro), que se traduce por connection.

ExamplesI'm doing a correspondence course.

There's very little correspondencebetween spelling and pronunciation.

Estoy haciendo un curso por <correspondencia. JHay muy poca relacitin entre la *ortograffa y la pronunciation.

Exercises1. Perdi correspondencia. 2. Mantuvieron correspondencia durante mu-chos afios. 3. Esta estacitin tiene correspondencia con la linea tres.

WrongHe's such a liar— it costs me tobelieve him.

RightHe's such aliar — I find itdifficult tobelieve him.

Comment

To cost significa costar = tener un pre-cio. No significa costar = resultar diffcil,que se traduce por to find it difficult. Tam-poco significa costar = llevar tiempo, quese traduce por to take.

Examples

How much did the suitcase cost you?How much will it cost to fix mywatch?

(jCuSrrto te costd la maleta?^Cucinto me costard arreglar elrelqp

Exercises1. Le cuesta mucho la fisica. 2. Me cuesta 45 minutos llegar a laoficina. 3. Cuesta entender por qu6. 4. Me cuesta creerle. 5. Me hacostado dos horas llegar aqui.

i * ^ ,^-v-* ,, „ T.HsX- **vsgws$*8

She spent thewhole evening

RightShe spent thewhole eveningVVMUIC cvciiiiiy * WMUIC cvcuiiiy

counting us stories, telling us stories.

Comment

To count significa contar = numerar. Nosignifica contar = relatar, que se traducepor to tell, to talk about.

courage

RightIt gives me cour- It makes me madage when people when peoplearrive late. arrive late. ^

Comment

Courage significa coraje = valor. No signi-;fica coraje = irritacitin, ira, rabia, que se

ExamplesYou must count everyone whocomes in.You can count them on the fingersof one hand.

Tienes que contar a todos los queentren. 1Se pueden contar con los dedos deuna mano.

Exercises1. Me cuentas un cuento? 2. Estuvo toda la tarde conta~ndonos an6c-dotas. 3. No se lo cuentes a nadie.

ExamplesShe didn't have the courage to say ^it to his face. SiI plucked up courage and I told 1them. I

Exercises

No tuvo el coraje de decfrselo a lacara.Me arm6de valor yselo dije.

traduce por anger; ni coraje = cara, que se ! 1. Encima tuvo el coraje de pedirme dinero. 2. jQu6 coraje! 3. Me datraduce por cheek, nerve. coraje que la gente llegue tarde. 4. Me da coraje ofr esas cosas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 41

Wrong

cost

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creature

WrongWe can't go outunless we findsomeone to lookafter the creature.

RightWe can't go outunless we findsomeone to lookafter the baby.

Comment 1

Creature significa criatura (ser vivo). Pero Ino significa criatura = nino pequeno, que!se traduce por baby, child. 5

crime 150

WrongYou have beenfound guilty ofcold-bloodedcrime.

RightYou have beenfound guilty ofcold-bloodedmurder.

|

«tf1

Comment

Crime significa delito o delincuencia. Nosignifica crimen = asesinato, que se tra-duce por murder.

ExamplesBiology studies living creatures.

They're friendly little creatures.They didn't find a living creaturein the abandoned village.

El objeto de estudio de la biologfason los seres vivos.Son unos animal itos muy simpSticos.No encontraron ser viviente en elpueblo abandonado.

Exercises1. Las criaturas precisan del cuidado de sus padres. 2. jPobre criatura!llora porque le estSn saliendo las dientes. 3. La campana es su criatura.

Habia cometido un delito.Esta aumentando la delincuencia.Confess su participation en eldelito.Es un crimen no salir con el buentiempo que hace.

ExamplesHe had committed a crime.Crime is on the increase.She admitted her involvement inthe crime.It's a crime to stay in on such anice day.

Exercises1. Todavia se desconoce el movil del crimen (del asesinato). 2. Fuecomplice en ese delito. 3. Lo declararon culpable de homicidio a san-gre fria. 4. Robar es un delito.

WrongHe likes eatingcrude carrots.

RightHe likes eatingraw carrots.

Comment

Crude significa crudo (petrbleo), rudi-mentario, vulgar. No significa crudo =sin cocinar, que se traduce por raw; nicrudo (clima, realidad), que se traducepor harsh.

cubeI

Wrong |She threw a cube |of water over jhim. 1

152

i Right s

: She threw a ?• bucket of water ;I over him. |

Comment

Cube significa cubo = cuerpo geomeiri-co. No significa cubo = recipiente, quese traduce por bucket. Notese: cubo debasura = rubbish bin, dustbin (UK),garbage can (US).

ExamplesThey used crude stone tools.

The price of crude oil continuesto fall.

Empleaban utiles de piedra rudi-mentarios.El precio del crudo sigue a la baja.

Exercises1. Le gusta comerse las zanahorias crudas. 2. La pelfcula tiene unasescenas muy crudas. 3. Fue un invierno muy crudo. 4. Se lo comieroncrudo, lo cual me dio un asco espantoso.

Examples

A cube has six surfaces.What is the cube of five?

Un cubo tiene seis caras.CuSnto es cinco al cubo?

Exercises1. Le echrj un cubo de agua. 2. Ten cuidado de no volcar el cubo. 3. Elcubo estaba ll.eno hasta los topes de basura.

42 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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WrongThey went downto the pub for acup or two.

RightThey went downto the pub for adrink or two.

Comment

Cup signified taza. No significa copa, quese traduce por glass o drink.

ExamplesShe ordered a cup of tea.I bought six coffee cups.He held up the cup.Add one cup of flour.

PidiO una taza de te.Compr6 seis tazas de cafe.Alz6 la copa.Anada una taza de harina.

Exercises1. Salieron a tomar unas copas. 2. Llevaba una copa de mSs. 3. Cuandose ha tornado unas copas le da por hablar. 4. Anda, no pasa nada si tetomas otra copa.

RightHer room isalways neatand tidy.

WrongHer room isalways curiousand tidy.

Comment

Curious significa curioso = indiscrete;extraho. No significa curioso = limpio,que se traduce por neat, tidy.

Wrong J RightIt's a very current I It's a very corn-mistake. I mon mistake.

Comment

Current significa corriente = actual, pre-sente. No significa corriente = comun,que se traduce por common, ordinary,

Wrong

The illness isfollowing itsnormal curse.

RightThe illness isfollowing itsnormal course.

Comment

Curse significa maldicion. No significacurso, que se traduce por course.

Examples

Aren't you curious about herhusband?I was curious to see her house.She had a curious way ofpronouncing her "R's".

^No tienes curiosidad por sabercOmo es su marido?Tenia curiosidad por ver su casa.Pronunciaba las erres de unamaneracuriosa.

Exercises1. Tiene la habitacitin muy curiosa. 2. No deberfas sertan curioso. 3. Esmuy curioso con su coche.

> ExamplesThe current rate of inflation is 4%.He likes to keep abreast of currentevents.They have no knowledge of hiscurrent whereabouts.

El tipo actual de inflation es del 4%.Le gusta estar al dfa en todo.

Desconocen su paradero actual.

Exercises1. Los ordenadores son una cosa muy corriente en las escuelas. 2. Lamalaria es algo corriente en los trdpicos. 3. Es un error muy corriente.4. Es un tipo de lo mas corriente.

* ExamplesThere seemed to be a curse on theproject.The witch put a curse on him.They bel ieve that there's a curseon the family.

Parecfa que pesaba una maldiciOnsobre el proyecto.La bruja le echo una maldicitin.Creen que una maldiciOn ha caidosobre la familia.

Exercises1. La enfermedad sigue su curso normal. 2. Esta haciendo un cursoacelerado de italiano. 3. Cogi6 el curso con mucho entusiasmo.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 43

cup

curious

current

curse

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WrongLosing in thefinal is always aterrible deception.

RightLosing in thefinal is alwaysa terribledisappointment.

Comment

Deception signified engano. No significadeception, que se traduce por disap-pointment, letdown.

1 Examples

I refuse to take part in thisdeception.She was the victim of a crueldeception.The deception was brought to light.

Me niego a ser c6mplice en esteengano.Fue victima de un cruel engano.

El engano fue descubierto.

Exercises1. Sufrimos una gran decepcitin. 2. Ha sufrido muchas decepciones enla vida. 3. La exposicidn resultd una verdadera decepcitin. 4. Lo quema's me duele es el engano.

declaration

Wrong )He refused to fmake any declara- |tions to the press. I

158

Right |He refused to 1make anycomments to the tpress. |

Comment

Declaration significa declaration = afir-maciOn, proclamation. No significa de-claration (a la prensa), que se traducepor statement, comment; ni declaration(ante el juez), que se traduce porstatement, testimony, evidence.

» ExamplesHis unexpected declaration of lovefilled her with confusion.This speech amounts to adeclaration of war.

Su inesperada declaraci6n de amorla IIen6de confusion.Este discurso viene a ser una decla-racitin de guerra.

Exercises1. No tengo nada que afiadir a mi declaration previa. 2. Se neg6 ahacer declaraciones a la prensa. 3. Prestti declaration bajojuramento.4. Hizo una declaration por escrito. 5. Tuvimos que prestar declarationen la comisaria.

deduce

WrongBecause I wasabsent for afew days, theydeduced part ofmy salary.

159

| RightI Because 1 wasI absent for ai few days, theyI deducted partI of my salary.

§

11i"5

^1

***

Comment t

To deduce significa deducir = inferir. No ,significa deducir = descontar, que se tra-*duce por to deduct.

Examples

As there was no reply, I deducedthere was nobody there.We deduced that he was the onlyone who could have done it.What do you deduce from all this?

Como no contestaban deduje queno habia nadie.Dedujimos que s6lo 61 podriahaberlo hecho.

(;/Qu6 deduces de todo esto?

Exercises1. El impuesto sobre la renta se deduce automaticamente. 2. Se le des-contara" el dinero del sueldo. 3. Del total tenemos que deducir los gas-tos. 4. Me descontaron parte del sueldo.

44 EDITORIAL STANLEY

deception

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defraud

Wrong

The film de-frauded me -Iwas expectingsomething muchbetter.

RightThe film disap-pointed me -Iwas expectingsomethingmuch better.

Comment

To defraud significa defraudar = estafar. Nosignifica defraudar = decepcionar, que setraduce por to disappoint, to let down. No-tese: defraudar a Hacienda = to evade taxes.

A monument waserected to thememory of thedefunct mayor.

RightA monumentwas erected tothe memory ofthe late mayor.

Comment

Defunct significa caduco, desaparecido(cosa, idea). No significa difunto (per-sona), que se traduce por deceased, late.

RightAren't you goingto have a swim?the water's lovely.

delicious

Wronq

Aren't you going tohave a swim? thewater's delicious.

Comment

Delicious significa delicioso (comida,bebida, sabor). No significa delicioso(tiempo, velada, nino, sonrisa), que setraduce por delightful, lovely, charming.

demand £ jf 1634* ~

Wrong

She demandedhim for defama- ,tion of character.

Right

She sued him fordefamation ofcharacter.

Comment

To demand significa exigir, requerir. Nosignifica demandar (judicialmente), quese traduce por to sue.

Examples

They defrauded the state ofmillions of dollars.It was a clever scheme to defraudhis employers.

Estafaron millones de dolares alestado.Era un habil plan para estafar asu patron/empresa

Exercises1. La excursion me defraudo mucho. 2. Lo acusaron de defraudar aHacienda. 3. Estoy seguro de que no me defraudaras. 4. La pelfculame defraudd.

• Examples

I was worki ng for the now defunctBurka Organization.He was a member of the defunctDemocratic Party.

Trabajaba para la desaparecidaBurka Organization.Fue miembro del extinguido Par-tido Democratico.

Exercises

1. El difunto no ha dejado testamento. 2. El partido aun tiene vida.3. Se levantfj un monumento al difunto alcalde.

Examples

The beef stew was del icious.A delicious smell was comingfrom the kitchen.

El guisado de ternera estaba delicioso.Llegaba un delicioso aroma de lacocina.

Exercises

1. No te barias? el agua esta deliciosa. 2. Tiene un humor delicioso.3. Es una mujer deliciosa.

• ExamplesLionel demanded an apology.They are demanding better workingconditions,This exam wi 11 demand a lot of hard work.The opposition demanded herresignation.

Lionel exigiO una disculpa.Exigen mejorescondicioneslaborales.

Este examen requerira mucho trabajo.Los partidos de la oposicionexigieronsudimisioYi.

Exercises1. Demandd a la compania por negligencia. 2. Lo demandaron porcalumnia. 3. Me arrincon6 y me exigi6 una explicacitin.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 45

defunct

Wrong

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demonstrate

4 Right || A hundred thousand |9 people demonstrated f.; in the Basque Country. |

Comment -.

To demonstrate significa demostrar.Tambien significa manifestarse. ^

demonstration

RightThe militarygovernment bannedthe demonstration.

Comment

Demonstration significa demostracibn.Tambien significa manifestation. <

ExamplesShe demonstrated how to put thelifejacketon.

We're demonstrating against thenew motorway.

Demostrc- c6mo ponerse el chalecosalvavidas.Nos estamos manifestando contrala nueva autopista.

Exercises1. DemostrrJj c6mo se hace la mayonesa. 2. Mas de 10.000 personas semanifestaron ayer en Bilbao.

1 Examples

Go on, give us a demonstration.A demonstration was organized toprotest against terrorism.

Anda, haznosunademostracitin.Se organize una manifestaci6ncontra el terrorismo.

Exercises1. Hicieron una demostracidn de sus habilidades artisticas. 2. En lamanifestacitin todos gritaban la misma consigna. 3. El gobierno des-autorizd la manifestacitin.

department

WrongCan't you read?This is ano-smokingdepartment.

imwrnnuMamiMMW

RightCan't you read?This is ano-smokingcompartment.

Comment

Department significa departamento (deuna empresa o institucibn) o seccidn(en una tienda). No significa departa-mento = compartimento, que se traducepor compartment.

Examples

The sportswear department is onthe ground floor.

This is the Science Department.This matter isn't our department.

La seccitin de ropa de deporte estaen la planta baja.

Aqui esta el Departamento de Ciencias.

Este asunto no es de nuestrodepartamento.

Exercises1. Trabaja en otra seccifjn. 2. La maleta esta dividida en varios departa-mentos para guardar las cosas en orden. 3. Este es un compartimentopara no fumadores.

dependant

Wrong

She works as adependant in adepartment store.

167

Right

She works as asales clerk in a

: department store. |

Comment

Dependant significa dependiente = al-guien que depiende de otro. No signifi-ca dependiente en una tienda, que setraduce por shopkeeper, shop assistant(UK) o sales clerk (US).

Examples

(•CuSntas personas tiene a su cargo?How many dependants does hehave?Your chiIdren and other dependants Sus hijos y otras cargas fami I iaresmust be listed. debenfigurarenlalista.

Exercises1. Trabaja como dependienta en unos grandes almacenes. 2. He cogi-do a otro dependiente para la tienda. 3. Fueron muy maleducados conel dependiente. 4. Me despachti un dependiente muy amable.

46 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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deposit

< RightWe have to stop We have to stopfor petrol - the ' for petrol - thedeposit is nearly tank is nearlyempty. empty.

Comment

Deposit significa depdsito (de dinero),sedimento; entrada, serial. No significadeposito (de gasolina, agua), que se tra-duce por tank.

Examples

We've put a deposit on a house.

We need a month's rent as adeposit.A consortium has been formed toexploit the coal deposits.

Hemos dado una entrada para unacasa.Necesitamos un mes de alquilercomo deptisito.Han formado un consorcio para ex-plotar los yacimientos de carbdn.

Exercises1. El depdsito de gasolina esta vacfo. 2. Se aceptan reservas previopago de una serial. 3. La capacidad del depdsito es de unos 40 litres.

destiny

RightThe plane with The plane todestiny to Madrid Madrid has beenhas been delayed. v delayed.

Comment

Destiny significa destino = hado. No sig-nifica destino (de un avidn, autobus,etc), que se traduce por destination. Tam-poco significa puesto de trabajo, que setraduce por post o job.

Examples

It was their destiny to meet andbecome friends.He presided over the country'sdestiny until the king came of age.Nobody knows what his destinywill be.

El destino hizo que se conocierany se hicieran amigos.RegentC los destines del pais hastala mayoria de edad del rey.Nadie sabe cual sera su suerte.

Exercises1. Partid raudo hacia su nuevo destino. 2. Tomd el barco con destino aMallorca. 3. El avidn con destino a Madrid tiene retraso. 4. Me incorpo-ro a mi nuevo destino el lunes. 5. El primer destino de Larkin fueIrlandadelNorte.

determined

WrongAt a determinedmoment he gotup and left theroom.

RightAt a certainmoment he gotup and left theroom.

Comment

Determined significa decidido, resuel-to. No significa determinado = dado, de-finido, que se traduce por certain.

Examples

They were determined that theissue should not be forgotten.She was determined to get to thebottom of the matter.He's a very determined politician.He was determined to fulfil hispromise.

Estaban resueltos a que no se olvi-dara el asunto.Estaba resuelta a llegar al fondo delasunto.Es un politico muy decidido.Estaba decidido a cumplir su pro-mesa

Exercises1. En determinado momento se levantd y se fue. 2. Hay que entregar eltrabajo antes de determinada fecha. 3. Quedaron en encontrarse endeterminado lugar. 4. En determinado momento me di cuenta de quese habia ido.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 47

Wrong

Wrong

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Right

The eagle is the , The eagle is thedevice of the emblem of theUnited States. United States.

CommentDevice significa aparato, truco, dispo-sitive; estratagema, ardid. No significadivisa, que se traduce por emblem,symbol (insignia); motto (lema);currency (moneda).

devise

We could justdevise the islandin the distance.

Right

We could justmake out theisland in thedistance.

CommentTo devise significa crear, inventar; tra-mar, urdir. No significa divisar, que se tra-duce por to make out, to discern.

ExamplesThis device feeds paper into themachine.

It is an ingenious device.

Playing sick was a device to winour sympathy.

Este dispositive introduce papelenlamaquina.

Es un aparato muy ingenioso.

Hacerse el enfermo era un trucopara ganarse nuestra compasitin.

Exercises1. Los bancos cambiaran divisa extranjera. 2. Vive el momento, esa esmi divisa. 3. El aguila es la divisa de los EE.UU. 4. El dispositive puededetectar la presencia de un intruso a cincuenta metres de distancia.

Examples

They devised a way of not payingincome tax.The chess player devised a gooddefence.

Urdieron un plan para no pagarimpuestos.Eljugador de ajedrez planted unabuenadefensa.

Exercises1. Podfamos divisar la isla en la lejania. 2. Desde alii se divisaba elCastillo. 3. Logr6 divisarlo entre la multitud.

Right

He made a note of He made a noteit in his agenda. of it in his diary.

CommentDiary significa diario = cuaderno intimo,agenda. No significa diario = periodico,que se traduce por (daily) newspaper.

directionWrong

Please write yourname and direc-tion at the top ofthe page.

174

Right

Please writeyour name andaddress at thetop of the page.

Comment

Direction significa direction = sentido, rum-bo. No significa direction = senas, que se tra-duce por address. Tampoco significa direction(de una empresa), que se traduce pormanagement. Ndtese: directions = instruccio-nes de uso o (en la carretera) indicaciones.

ExamplesShe kept a diary all those years.

He had no scruples aboutreading his brother's diary.

Llevti un diario durante todos esosanos.No tuvo escrupulos en leer eldiario de su hermano.

Exercises1. He anotado la fecha en mi agenda provisionalmente. 2. Cada tardeiba al Ateneo y leia todos los diarios. 3. Lo anot6 en su agenda.

Examples

He went off in the oppositedirection.The work progressed more quicklyunder his direction.

He gave her directions on how toget there.

Se marchd en direcci6ncontraria.El trabajo avanzti mSs ra'pidobajosudirecciOn.

Le dio indicaciones de c6mollegar.

Exercises1. Me explicd cOmo llegar a su oficina. 2. Habfan puesto la direc-tion equivocada en el sobre. 3. Por favor, infOrmenos en caso decambio de direction. 4. La direction llego a un compromiso conlos sindicatos. 5. Confio la direction de la empresa a su hijo. 6.Me diste la direction equivocada.

48 EDITORIAL STANLEY

deviceWrong

Wrong

diary

Wrong

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discrete

Be discrete orpeople will talk.

RightBe discreet orpeople will talk.

Comment

Discrete significa diferenciado, clara-mente separado. No significa discrete =prudente, que se traduce por discreet.

discuss

Wrong

Teenagers oftendiscuss with theirparents for noapparent reason.

176

RightTeenagers oftenargue with theirparents for noapparent reason.

Comment

To discuss significa discutir = debatir,considerar. No significa discutir = rega-nar, renir, que se traduce por to argue.

discussion 177

Every time theneighbours havea discussion, theywake the babyshouting.

Right

Every time theneighbours havean argument,they wake thebaby shouting.

Comment

Discussion significa discusion = inter-cambio de ideas. No significa discusidn= altercado, disputa, que se traduce porargument.

RightI had the disgrace I had the misfor-to lose my ticket. tune to lose my

ticket.

Comment

Disgrace significa verguenza, deshonra.No significa desgracia, que se traduce por;misfortune, disaster, tragedy, etc.

ExamplesThis word has several discretemeanings.These three publishing firms havetheir own discrete identity.

Esta palabra tiene varies signif i-cados diferentes.Estas tres editoriales tienen (cadauna) su propia identidad.

Exercises

1. Te prometo que ser6 discreta. 2. Salieron discretamente. 3. S6 discre-te, que luego la gente habla.

ExamplesWe need to discuss this problem.We were discussing the film.

Tenemos que discutir este problema.Estabamos hablando de la pelfcula.

Exercises1. Siempre esta discutiendo con su padre. 2. Estan discutiendo por lafactura de la calefaccitin. 3. No vamos a discutir por tonterias. 4. Noquiero discutir con usted.

ExamplesThey're having a discussion aboutcontracts.Can you contribute anythinguseful to the discussion?

Esta"n discutiendo los contratos.

^Puedes aportar algo util a ladiscusitin?

Exercises1. Se enzarzaron en una violenta discusion. 2. Tuvieron una discusionpor una cuestitin de dinero. 3. La discusion degenerd en una pelea. 4.Tuvimos una discusion la semana pasada y desde entonces ha estadomuyfria.

ExamplesYou're a disgrace to the school.They have brought disgrace onthe nation.Doing that kind of work is nodisgrace.It's a disgrace!

Eres la verguenza del colegio.Han deshonrado al pafs.

Trabajar en eso no es ningunadeshonra.jEs una verguenza!

Exercises

1. Tuve la desgracia de perder el billete. 2. Ella misma se ha buscadoesta desgracia. 3. La enfermedad del padre fue una desgracia paratodos. 4. Han tenido una desgracia tras otra.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 49

Wrong

Wrong

Wrong

disgrace

Page 63: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

WrongHe was verydisgraced in hismarriage.

RightHe was veryunhappy in hismarriage.

ExamplesYou have disgraced yourself.I disgraced myself by getting

Te has puesto en ridicule.Hice un papelon emborrachandome.

Comment*Disgraced significa deshonrado. No significa f

desgraciado, que se traduce por unfortunate, funlucky, unhappy, miserable.

drunk.

Exercises1. Lleva una vida muy desgraciada. 2. Es una persona muy desgraciada.3. Fue muy desgraciado en su matrimonio.

WrongHe causes dis-gust wheneverhe comes.

Right jHe causes unpleas- iantness whenever :

he comes. .•

Comment

Disgust significa asco, revulsion, repug-1nancia. No significa disgusto, que se tra- ;

duce por dislike, distaste, sadness,unpleasantness, trouble, etc.

disgusted

ExamplesShe looked at me in disgust.An expression of disgust came overher face when she tasted the food. •His behaviour fills me with disgust..

Me mirti con cara de asco.Cuando probo la comida, puso ungesto de asco.Su comportamiento me causarepugnancia.

Exercises &"\. Me miraban con cara de disgusto. 2. Se Ilev6 un gran disgusto cuan-do se enterd. 3. No pudo disimular su disgusto. 4. Cada vez que viene causa disgustos. 5. Su vida ha estado llena de disgustos.

He was rather ^disgusted that Ishe hadn't invited *him. f

RightHe was ratherdispleased thatshe hadn'tinvited him.

iiy*V

4

* Examples

1 am disgusted by his lack of Jconsideration for others. IThey were disgusted by his *attitude. *

Me indigna su falta de consideraci6n fconelprcjjimo !Su actitud les indignO. f

i

Comment *s

Disgusted significa indignado, asqueado.;No significa disgustado, que se traduce por upset, displeased. !

dishonest

Exercises1. Estaba bastante disgustado porque no le habia invitado. 2. Sail dealii asqueado. 3. Estoy muy disgustado por lo que hiciste. 4. Estabadisgustado por la nota que habia sacado en el examen.

Wrong -He tried to seduce fher by making dis-|honest advances. *

Right ;He tried to *seduce her by *making improper ;<advances. |i«r»iW8ss»«*fiw««c^9»<w**C

Comment |

Dishonest significa deshonesto = tram-1poso, mentiroso. No significa deshones-1to = indecente, que se traduce por *improper, indecent. N6tese: abuses des-1honestos = indecent assault.

- - '

ExamplesOne could hardly accuse him ofbeing dishonest.He got the money by dishonestmeans.Are you insinuating that they'redishonest?

Dificilmente se le puede acusar de *falta de honestidad. j

sConsiguid el dinero por medios >poco honestos. |iEst usted insinuando que no son jhonrados?

Exercises1. Lo acusaron de hacer proposiciones deshonestas. 2. Intentti sedu-cirla con miradas y palabras deshonestas. 3. Muchos nirios habiansufrido abuses deshonestos A. Le hizo proposiciones deshonestas.

50 EDITORIAL STANLEY

disgraced

disgust

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WrongThe shock was toomuch for her. She felldown dismayed.

RightThe shock was

j

too much for her.She fainted.

Comment

To dismay significa consternar. No equivalea desmayar, que se traduce por to lose heart,become demoralized, ni a desmayarse, quese traduce por to faint.

CommentTo dispatch significa despachar = enviar;resolver y concluir rdpidamente. No signifi-ca despachar = atender en una tienda, quese traduce por to serve, ni despachar = des-pedir, que se traduce por to fire, to sack.

RightThey gave us awarm welcome.

dispense

Wrong ^They dispensed us[a warm welcome.

CommentTo dispense significa repartir (cosas);administrar (la justicia). No significadispensar = dar; eximir; perdonar, quese traduce por to give; to excuse; toforgive. Nrjtese: to dispense with = pres-cindir de.

WrongIt disposes of a de-vice for regulatingthe humidity.

RightIt has a devicefor regulatingthe humidity.

CommentTo dispose of something significa desha-cerse de algo o despachar, resolver. No sig-nifica disponer de algo, que se traduce porto have something (at one's disposal).

ExamplesI was dismayed at her reaction.His exam results filled his parents "with dismay.We were all dismayed to hear ofhis death. :

Su reaccitin me dej6 consternado.Los resultados de los examenesconsternaron a sus padres.La noticia de su muerte nosconsternti a todos.

Exercises1. Cay6 desmayado. 2. La noticia nos dej6 consternados. 3. Se des-rnayfj de hambre. 4. No desmayo en su proptisito. 5. La noticia ines-perada le hizo desmayarse.

dispatch 184WrongA very nice shopassistantdispatched me.

^ \

RightA very nice shopassistant served

; me.

Examples

They dispatched it by post.I'll dispatch thatjob in no time.

Hicieron el envio por correo.Ese trabajo yo lo despacho en unabrirycerrardeojos.

Exercises1. Me despachb un dependiente muy amable. 2. Despacharon acinco empleados. 3. El gobierno destacti tropas al lugar de losdisturbios.

ExamplesIn these establishments syringes are * Enestosestablecimientossedispensed free of charge. f dispensanjeringuillas gratis.Let's dispense with the prel immaries ", Omitamos los pre^mbulos yand get down to business. a vayamosalgrano.

Exercises1. Nos dispensti una ca"lida acogida. 2. Prescindamos de las formalida-des. 3. Fue dispensado de asistir a la ceremonia. 4. Espero que medispensen por haber llegado tarde.

ExamplesThe killers disposed of the bodyin the woods.They soon disposed of theproblem.

Los asesinos se deshicieron delcuerpo en el bosque.Resolvieron el problema confacilidad.

Exercises1. No disponen del dinero necesario. 2. Dispone de un dispositive queregula la humedad. 3. ^Dispones de un minuto? 4. Dispone de cuatroarios para pagar.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 51

dismay

dispose

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disposition

Wrong

They have placedan office at hisdisposition.

187

Right

They haveplaced an officeat his disposal.

Comment

Disposition significa temperamento,modo de sen No significa disposicion =norma, que se traduce por regulation; nidisposicibn = colocacidn, que se traducepor layout. Tampoco significa disposicibn= inclinaci6n, voluntad, que se traducepor readiness, willingness. Notese: a dis-posicidn de alguien = at somebody'sdisposal.

ExamplesHe has a nervous disposition.

This program is unsuitable forthose of a nervous disposition.

He is of cheerful disposition.

Tenfa un cara"cter nervioso.

Este programa no es apropiadopara personas impresionables.

Es de temperamento alegre.

Exercises

1. No cumplia con las disposiciones legales. 2. Demostraron su disposi-tion a mejorar las condiciones. 3. Quedo a su entera disposition paracualquier consulta, 4. Pondremos un despacho a su disposicion. 5. Es-tamos siempre a su disposition. 6. Me impresiono mucho su buenadisposicion para aprender. 7. No me gusta la disposition de las habita-ciones.

distinct

Right

Things havetaken a distinctturn for theworse.

Examples

There are three distinct types.I had the distinct feeling that hewas hid ing something.

She has a distinct foreign accent.There's a distinct possibility I'll fail.

There's a distinct lack of order.

That coffee has a distinct flavour.

Haytrestiposdistintos.Tenfa el convencimiento de queescondfa algo.

Tiene un fuerte acento extranjero.

Es muy posible que suspenda.

El orden brilla por su ausencia.

Ese cafe tiene un sabor marcado.

Comment

Distinct significa claro, nftido o decidi-do, marcado. Tambie~n puede significar dis-tinto, diferente.

Exercises

1. Este problema es totalmente distinto del anterior. 2. Las cosas'nan empeorado decididamente. 3. Es claramente una ventaja. 4.Tenfa un inconfundible acento escoc6s. 5. Sus ideas son sefiala-damente radicales.

RightThis sentence is This sentence isambiguous. Can't ambiguous.you word it dis- ; Can't you word ittinctly? I differently? >

Comment

Distinctly significa con claridad, clara- ..mente, perfectamente. No significa de *forma distinta, que se traduce por ^differently. |

Examples

I distinctly remember telling you.

The fracture showed up distinctlyon the X-ray.

Me acuerdo perfectamente de que ite lo dye. *La fractura se vefa claramente en la ',radiograffa. ;

Exercises

1. <>,No podrfas decirlo de forma distinta? 2. Sus risas se oian perfec-tamente.

52 EDITORIAL STANLEY

distinctly

Wrong

Page 66: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

distracted

WrongHe corresponds tothe popular ideaof the distractedprofessor.

RightHe correspondsto the popularidea of theabsentmindedprofessor.

CommentDistracted significa trastornado, aloca-do. No significa distraido = despistado,que se traduce por absentminded, milesaway; ni distraido = entretenido, que setraduce por entertaining, amusing.

Examples

She was distracted with grief.He paced back and forthdistractedly.

Estaba trastornada por la pena.Andaba como un loco de un ladopara otro.

Exercises ;1. Es una pelicula muy distrafda. 2. Tendra~s que recorda"rselo, es muy^distraido. 3. Estaba distrafda y no me di cuenta. 4. Corresponde muy*bien a la idea que se tiene del profesor distraido. 5. Los cuentos de este *escritor son originates y muy distrafdos. J

distraction

RightWhat an infuriat-ing person! Hedrives me todistraction.

CommentDistraction significa distraction. Tam-bieYi significa locura. N6tese: to drivesomeone to distraction = sacar a al-guien de quicio; to love someone todistraction = estar loco por alguien.

Examples

I can't work at home, there aretoo many distractions.That woman drives me todistraction.

No puedo trabajar en casa, tengodemasiadasdistracciones.Esa mujer me saca de quicio.

Exercises |1. Su lentitud me desespera. 2. La guerra distrajo la atencidn de los!problemas internes del pats. 3. Le quiere con locura.

RightHe showed great He showed greatdistress in con- skill in control-trolling the ball. ling the ball.

CommentDistress significa angustia, dolor. No sig-nifica destreza, que se traduce por skill,dexterity.

Examples

The news caused them a lot of I Lanoticialosafligiomucho.distress. |The patient was in distress. f • El enfermo tenfa fuertes dolores.

Exercises1. Tiene una gran destreza en carpinterfa. 2. Llegamos gracias a sudestreza al volante. 3. Su angustia le es totalmente indiferente.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 53

distress

Wrong

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diversion 193

WrongWhen he goes toThailand, he likesto mix businesswith diversion.

RightWhen he goes toThailand, he likesto mix businesswith pleasure.

Comment

Diversion significa desvio. No significadiversibn, que se traduce normalmentepor pleasure, fun, amusement.

divert 194

WrongThe film was veryfunny, it divertedme a lot.

RightThe film was veryfunny, it amusedme a lot.

Comment

To divert significa desviar. No significa di-vertir, que se traduce por to amuse, toentertain.

dominate

WrongIt takes years andyears to dominatea foreign lan-guage.

RightIt takes yearsand years tomaster a foreignlanguage.

Comment

To dominate significa dominar = con-trolar. No significa dominar = conocerperfectamente, que se traduce por tomaster. Dominar con la vista se traduceto overlook, to look out over.

dormitory 196

WrongThey live in a bigflat with four dor-mitories.

RightThey live in a bigflat with fourbedrooms.

Comment

Dormitory significa dormitorio colecti-vo (en una escuela, por ejemplo). No sig-nifica dormitorio en un hogar, que setraduce por bedroom.

ExamplesDesvio por obras. |Hay un desvio de traTico debido a |un accidente. I

Diversion: road works.There's a traffic diversion due to anaccident.

Exercises f1. La obligacidn esta antes que la diversidn. 2. Te hace falta un poco fde diversion. 3. Mezclan el trabajo con la diversion. 4. Toca el piano fpor diversion. f

• ExamplesThey had to divert the traffic afterthe accident.I tried to divert the conversationaway from the topic.They managed to divert her fromher purpose.

Despu6s del accidente tuvieron quedesviareltra~fico.I ntent6 desviar la conversacitin ha-ciaotrotema.Lograron desviarla de su proposito.

Exercises1. Nos divirtid con sus chistes. 2. Me divirtid muchfsimo su reaccidn.3. Desviaron el rio para crear un lago. 4. Han desviado la circulacidnpor Ballymena.

• ExamplesHis mother dominates him.They dominated the region fornearly three centuries.

La madre le domina.Ejercieron la hegemonia en la re-gi6n durante casi tres siglos.

Exercises Il.Nuncavoyapoderdominarelingl6s. 2. Elequipovisitantedomind 1en la segunda parte. 3. Desde allf se domina toda la bahfa. f

ExamplesThe school has six dormitories,each with 24 beds.

El colegio cuenta con seis dormito-ries, cada uno con 24 camas.

Exercises1. El dormitorio estajusto encima de la sala de estar. 2. Mi dormitorioda al sur. 3. Su dormitorio estabajunto al mfo. 4. Sube tus cosas aldormitorio.

54 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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double

WrongYou have to dou-ble the sheet ofpaper in four.

197

Right |You have to fold |the sheet of pa-per in four.

Comment

To double significa doblar = multipli- "car por dos. No significa doblar (la ropa, *una hoja de papel, etc), que se traduce ?por to fold; ni doblar (una pelicula), •que se traduce por to dub; ni doblar (laesquina), que se traduce por to go round. ,

Examples

They doubled her salary. ITheir profits have doubled in a |short period of time. I

Duplicaronsundmina.En poco tiempo se han duplicadosus ganancias.

Exercises1. Dobl6 el mantel y lo guardti. 2. Hay que doblar la hoja en cuatro.3. Doble la esquina y siga todo recto. 4. Normalmente doblan laspeliculasextranjeras.

dramatic

WrongRightThe business hassuffered a dra-matic decline.

Comment

Dramatic significa dramdtico = teatralo histribnico. Tambien significa espec-tacular, drtstico.

* Examples

He pointed dramatically to the I Me seiialo el caj6n con un gestodrawer. j teatral.Fererro made a dramatic comeback I Fererro se recuper6 espectacu-in the second set. 1 larmente en el segundo set.His resignation did not create the 1 Sudimisi6nnocaus6elgolpededramatic effect he had hoped for. 1 efecto que esperaba.

*

Exercises j1. La caida del dtilar fue impresionante. 2. El negocio se ha venido jabajo de manera espectacular. 3. No hay por qu6 hacer tanto teatro. 4.'El equipo se rehabilitti de forma espectacular. j

WrongThe duel accom-panied the coffinto the cemetery.

RightThe mournersaccompanied thecoffin to thecemetery.

Comment

Duel significa solo duelo = combate. Nosignifica duelo = desconsuelo, pesar, quese traduce por sorrow, grief, mourning.Tampoco significa duelo = coitejo, quese traduce por the mourners.

* Examples

The film ends with the two maincharacters fighting a duel.

They fought each other in a duel tothe death.

La pelicula termina con los dosactores principales bati6ndose enduelo.Se enfrentaron en un duelo amuerte.

Exercises1. Esta de duelo por la muerte de un familiar. 2. El duelo acompanti alf6retro hasta el cementerio. 3. Nos unimos al duelo nacional. 4. Portodas partes se observaban manifestaciones de duelo.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 55

duel

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WrongThe duress of thepunishment wasexcessive.

RightThe severity ofthe punishmentwas excessive.

Comment

Duress significa coaccidn, presitin. Nosignifica dureza, que se traduce porhardness, (de una persona) harshness,severity.

edification

Wrong % RightIt's an enormous _ It's an enormoussteel and con- * steel and con-crete edification. | crete building.

Comment

Edification significa edificacitin del es-pfritu. No significa edificacidn = edifi-cio, construccibn, que se traduce por buil-ding, construction.

edify

WrongWe talked to theworkers who wereedifying our newhouse.

RightWe talked to theworkers whowere buildingour new house.

Comment ]

To edify significa edificar = incitar a la]virtud. No significa edificar = construir!un edificio, que se traduce por to build, jto construct, to put up. I"— • • • • • —

WrongThey don't editanything but filth.]

RightThey don't pub-lish anything butfilth.

Comment

To edit significa corregir, preparar la edi-cibn de, o dirigir (un peritidico). No sig-nifica editar, que se traduce por to publish.Ndtese: to edit out = suprimir, eliminar.

1 Examples

Hejoined the strike under duress.He confessed under duress.

Se uni6 a la huelga bajo presidn.Confesti bajo coacciOn.

Exercises1. Emplean diamantes por su dureza. 2. El profesor de latin trataba asus alumnos con dureza. 3. La dureza del castigo fue excesiva.

Examples

Most of these books are boughtfor instruction or edification.Here's a copy of the boss's memofor your edification.

La mayorfa de estos libros se com-pran para instruction o ensenanza.Aqui tienes una copia del memoran-dum deljefe para que te instruyas.

Exercises1. Era una enorme edificacidn de hormigbn y acero. 2. Han construido;nuevas edificaciones al borde del mar.

• Examples

• The purpose of his lecture wasnot to edify, but to entertain.His conversation is not veryedifying.

*>V»" V«H5* <-« V "• ' . '» ..

Exercises1. En el viejo solar nan edificado una casa de cuatro plantas. 2.Mientras los obreros edificaban la nueva casa, nosotros vivfamos enla de mis abuelos.

Su conferencia no tenfa el propO-sito de instruir sino de entretener.Su conversation no es nadi edifi-cante.

1 Examples

I am still editing the first draft.

She edited "The Navigators".They edited out all four-letterwords.

Todavia estoy corrigiendo el primerborrador.PreparO la edici6n de "Los Navegantes".Suprimieron todas las palabrotas.

Exercises1. No editan mas que guarradas. 2. Prepar6 la edicidn de la correspon-dencia de Hamsun. 3. Quifin edito ese libra?

56 EDITORIAL STANLEY

duress

edit

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The editor boughtthe rights to herlatest book.

RightThe publisherbought the rightsto her latestbook.

CommentEditor significa redactor o director deuna publication. No significa el propie-tario o gerente de una editorial, que setraduce por publisher.

Examples

El redactorjefe mutilti mi artfculo.The chief editor hacked my articleabout. iShe is the editor of an art magazine." Es directora de una revista de arte.

Nobody doubts his competence as > Nadie duda de su competenciaan editor. como redactor.

Exercises1. Fui a ver a mis editores. 2. He recibido una propuesta de una edito-rial. 3. El editor comprd los derechos de su ultimo libra.

RightShe came to greet She came tous immediately, greet us imme-she's very edu- diately, she'scated. very polite.

Comment

Educated significa culto, instruido. Noequivale a educado, que se traduce porpolite, well-mannered.

• Examples

She seems very educated.I always thought of him as a highlyeducated man.

Parecemuyculta.

Siempre lo tuve por un hombremuy instruido.

Exercises1. Charles es un niho muy bien educado. 2. Es una persona muy edu-cada, vino a saludarnos en cuanto nos vio.

education

I'm fed up withhis bad educa-tion.

RightI'm fed up withhis bad manners.

Comment

Education significa s6lo estudios, ins-truccidn. No significa educacidn = mo-dales, cortesfa, que se traduce pormanners o good manners. Ndtese: malaeducacidn = rudeness, bad manners; demala education = impolite, rude.

1 Examples

Their education was interrupted bythe war.He didn't have a universityeducation.They attain high standards ofeducation.Education should be available toeveryone.

La guerra interrumpiO sus estudios.

No tuvo estudios universitarios.

Consiguen un nivel muy alto deeducaciOn.La educaciOn debe estar al alcancedetodos.

Exercises1. No tiene educacidn. 2. Es de mala educacidn hablar de esa manera.3. Estoy harto de su mala educacidn. 4. Fue de muy mala educacidnpor tu parte.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 57

editor

Wrong

Wrong

Wrong

Page 71: Glenn Darragh - Falsos Amigos False Friends Ingles Espanol (2003)

effectivelyWrong"So all we can dois wait."—"Effectively."

Right"So all we can dois wait".— "That's right."

Comment

Effectively signified con eficacia, efi-cazmente o con gran efecto. No equiva-le a efectivamente, que se traduce porindeed, sure enough, that's right, etc.

elementalIWrong j

"How do you jknow, Holmes?" j— "Elemental, jmy dear Watson."

j RightI "How do you1 know, Holmes?"I — "Elementary,1 my dear Watson."

Comment

Elemental significa primitive, relativea los elementos. No significa elemen-tal, que se traduce por elementary,rudimentary, fundamental.

embargo

WrongThe judge orderedthe embargo ofhis assets.

RightThe judge or-dered the seizure iof his assets. !

Comment i

Embargo significa sdlo bloqueo econdmi-jco. No significa embargo = incautacibn,que se traduce por seizure, sequestration.}

WrongShe is six months (

embarrassed.

RightShe is six months!pregnant.

Comment

Embarrassed significa avergonzado, abo-chornado. No significa embarazada, que

ExamplesThe problem was dealt witheffectively by the authorities.The cure worked extremelyeffectively.

Las autoridades resolvieron eficaz-menteelproblema.El tratamiento surti6 un efectomuy positive.

Exercises1. "Entonces lo unico que podemos hacef es esperar." —"Efectiva-mente." 2. Dijo que estaria a las siete y, efectivamente, alii estaba.3. Efectivamente, es su coche. 4. "Veo que estudid usted enCambridge." —"Efectivamente."•*..-*«-.-' •?** - •

Examples

All the characters in D.H.Lawrence's novels are the victimsof dark, elemental forces theybarely understand.In the mountains one must fightthe elemental forces.

Todos los personajes de las novelasde D. H. Lawrence son vfctimas deoscuras fuerzas primitivas queel los mismos apenas comprenden.En las montanas hay que combatirlas fuerzas de la naturaleza.

Exercises1. "^Cdrno lo sabe, Holmes?" —"Elemental, mi querido Watson." 2. Esprofesora de quimica ba"sica. 3. Tiene nociones elementales de ingle's.

> ExamplesThey put an embargo on all luxuryimports.How effective was the embargoagainst these products?

Prohibieron la importation detodo tipo de articulos de lujo.([Como de efectiva fue la prohibi-tion de importar estos productos?

Exercises

1. El juez ordenti el embargo de sus bienes. 2. La ONU decreto unembargo.

• Examples

He was noticeably embarrassed.I'm embarrassed by what I said.Embarrassed, he mumbled an excuse.She felt embarrassed about tellingme.

Estaba visiblemente avergonzado.Estoy aborchornado por lo que dije.Azorado, farfulld una excusa.Le daba verguenza contaYmelo.

se traduce por pregnant.— ~"

Exercises1. Cuando estaba embarazada se me antqjaban las cosas mas extranas.2. Esta embarazada de seis meses. 3. Estaba tan apurada que no sabfaqu6 decir. 4. En aquel entonces estaba embarazada de Angela.

58 EDITORIAL STANLEY

embarrassed

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emission

s Right!* We interrupt this;• programme to

bring you anI importanti announcement.

WrongWe interrupt thisemission to bringyou an importantannouncement.

t %fe VsftSsS^ «*, X -S3NBSV

Comment

Emission significa emisidn (de gases,etc). No significa emisidn (de radio, te-levisibn), que se traduce por programme(UK), program (US), broadcast.

employ

WrongHe employed a lot jjof time building |his house.

RightHe spent a lot oftime building hishouse.

Comment

To employ significa emplear = dar tra-bajo a; usar. No significa emplear (eltiempo), que se traduce por to spend, todevote; ni emplear (dinero), que se tra-duce por to invest, to do with.

encounter

Wrong 4I encountered the ,film completely *uninteresting. *

213

Right II found the film Icompletely ;.uninteresting. |

Comment

To encounter significa tropezar con(problemas, dificultades). No significaencontrar = hallar; Juzgar, que se tradu-ce por to find. Encontrarse se traducepor to come across.

engineer

I R'9nt I| They sent an |I engineer to fix the |1 washing machine. 1

Comment

Engineer significa ingeniero. Tambi6nsignifica tecnico.

-4 't? * ^,W *

Examples

Car emission levels must beregulated.

Hay que regular el nivel de emisio-nes de los coches.

Exercises1. A veces hay discrepancias en la emisidn de las noticias. 2. La emi-si6n fue escuchada en todo el territorio nacional.

* ExamplesThe factory used to employ fivehundred workers.She was employed as a researchassistant.They employed specializedequipment.

^m^^^i^?^mf^^»^^mm!S^.^mm^^is>^mm^i^iss^^^m

Exercises1. Empled mucho tiempo en construirse la casa. 2. No saben en qu6emplear el dinera. 3. No sabe c6mo emplear su tiempo libre. 4. Emplea-ron tres anos en la construccitin del puente.

La fa'brica empleaba a quinientaspersonas.Trabajaba como ayudante de in-vestigacitin.Emplearon instrumental especiali-zado.

• ExamplesThey encountered many difficultiesduring the investigation.We encountered a lot ofbureaucratic difficulties.

Encontraron muchasdificultadesen la investigacitin.Tropezamos con muchas dificulta-des de tipo burocratico.

Exercises1. Tengo que encontrar ese papel. 2. Encontrti la novela bastanteaburrida. 3. Entre en su habitacidn y le encontre llorando. 4. Meencontre 50 euros en el suelo.

Mi padre es ingeniero qufmico.Mariana viene el tecnico a arreglarel televisor.Aspira a ser ingeniero de caminos.

1 ExamplesMy father is a chemical engineer.The engineer is coming to fix thetelevision tomorrow.He wants to become a civil engineer.

Exercises1. Ha venido el tecnico para reparar la mciquina envasadora. 2. Manda-

ron au^Tt^^^

EDITORIAL STANLEY 59

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Wrong f RightOver the years, | Over the years,he engrossed his 1 he increased hisfortune. i fortune.

Comment ?

To engross significa absorber. No signifi- |ca engrosar, que se traduce por to swell, jincrease, put on weight. I

RightMy father workedall his life in thesame company.

enterprise

WrongMy father workedall his life in thesame enterprise.

Comment f

Enterprise significa empresa = empuje,iniciativa, espfritu emprendedor. No sig-1nifica empresa = compania, que se tradu-!ce por firm, company. "

• Examples

He's engrossed in his book.He spends hours engrossed in hisown thoughts.

Exercises1. La mayor parte del dinero va a engrosar las areas del Estado. 2.AumenW su fortuna. 3. Si comes demasiado vas a engordar.

EstSabsorto en su libra.Se pasa horas ensimismado en suspensamientos.

Examples

The government encouragesprivate enterprise.We are undertaking thisenterprise with a Frenchcompany.They believe in free enterprise.

El gobierno fomenta la iniciativaprivada.Esta es una empresa conjunta conuna compania francesa.Son partidarios de la libertad deempresa.

Exercises1. Trabaja en una empresa constructora. 2. La empresa ha sobrevividoabsorbiendo a sus competidores. 3. Levant6 la empresa de la nada.

entertain

WrongI know you're in ahurry so I won'tentertain you anylonger.

RightI know you're ina hurry so Iwon't keep youany longer.

CommentTo entertain significa entretener = diver- :tir. TambieYi significa recebir (a los amigos).No significa entretener = retener a alguien,que se traduce por to keep, to detain.

Examples

He often entertains clients athome.She entertains the children bytell ing them stories.He entertained us with hisconversation.

A menudo recibe a sus clientes encasa.Entretiene a los nifios contandolescuentos.Nos solazaba con su conversacitin.

Exercises1. Nos entretuvo con historias de sus viajes. 2. No te entretengo mas.3. Me entretuvo su llamada. 4. Nos entretuvo con sus divertidos co-mentarios.

Wrong jHe was very entire jat the funeral. I

RightHe was verycomposed at thefuneral.

Comment

Entire significa entero = completo. Nosignifica entero = intacto, que se tra-duce por intact, in one piece. Tampo-co significa entero (de una persona),que se traduce por composed.

1 Examples

I waited the entire evening.The explosion paralyzed the entirecity.

Espere la tarde entera.La explosi6n paralizo la ciudaderrtera.

Exercises1. Espero que la porcelana llegue entera. 2. Fui a verla despu6s delentierro y la encontre muy entera.

60 EDITORIAL STANLEY

engross

entire

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The envy of themoney was au-thorized.

Right

The remittanceof the moneywas authorized.

Comment

Envy significa envidia. No significa en-vfo, que se traduce por dispatch, sending,remittance, consignment.

epoch

Wfcnp Right

Airfares are Airfares arecheaper at this cheaper at thisepoch of the year, time of the year.

CommentEpoch significa epoca (en la historia),pero es mas frecuente usar period, age,time. No significa epoca = parte del ano,que se traduce por time, time of year,season.

• ExamplesI was filled with envy at his successHer new car was the envy of theneighbourhood.They were green with envy.

Exercises

1. Le come la envidia. 2. Se autorizd el envfo de los fondos. 3. Supadre le hace envfos periddicos de dinero.

Su 6xito me lleno de envidia.Su coche nuevo era la envidia delbarrio.

Semoriande envidia.

ExamplesIt's a formation of the Eoceneepoch.

It was an epoch-making failure.

Es una formation de la epocaeoceYiica.Fue un fracaso de los que hacenepoca.

Exercises

1. Fue una epoca de grandes descubrimientos. 2. Las tarifas aereas sonmas baratas en esta epoca del ano. 3. Data de la epoca de Felipe 11. 4.Hace un frio anormal para esta epoca del ano. 5. Tomar el sol entopless era ilegal en aquella epoca,

It's only humanto equivocate.

Right

It's only humanto makemistakes.

Comment

To equivocate significa hablar con eva-sivas, usar equfvocos. No significa equi-vocarse, que se traduce por to make amistake.

Right

I can't concen- I can't concentrate,trate, my thoughts my thoughts keepkeep erring from wandering fromthe subject. the subject.

Comment

To err significa s6lo errar = equivocarse.No significa errar = vagar, que se traducepor to wander, to roam. Tampoco significaerrar = no acertar en una cosa, que setraduce por to miss.

• ExamplesHe did what any politician introuble would do, he equivocated.

I have no intention ofequivocating on this matter. I willsay exactly what I think.

Hizo lo que hubiera hecho cual-quier politico que se encuentre enunapuro:eludideltema.No tengo la menor intention de an-dar con rodeos sobre este asunto.Dire exactamente lo que pienso.

Exercises

1. Admito que me equivoque. 2. Si no te concentras, te vas a equivo-car. 3. Es humano equivocarse.

Examples

To err is human, to forgive divine.

I prefer to err on the side ofcaution.

El errar es humano, el perdonar,divino.Pref iero pecar por exceso deprecaution.

Exercises

1. El perro erraba por las calles, cojeando. 2. Su imaginacion erraba porlugares lejanos. 3. El delantero erro el tiro. 4. Dispard la flecha peroerr6 el bianco.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 61

Wrong

equivocate

Wrong

err

Wrong

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Wrong " RightFor months the For months theprisoners planned j prisoners plannedevery detail of the every detail ofescapade. * the breakout.

Comment,1

Escapade signified aventura. No signified.escapada, que se traduce por escape,,breakout (huida); short trip (viaje breve).!

• ExamplesWe know about your little escapade!' i Estamos enterados de tu aventurita!s

Exercises *1. Un grupo de presos estaba planeando la escapada. 2. Hizo una ;escapada al campo. |

^ "essay

WrongThe actors cameto the theatretwice a week foressays.

Comment

224 1: Right f.

The actors cameto the theatre

. twice a week for ;v; rehearsals.

*

• Examples

She wrote an essay on the subject.The essays of Montaigne startedthe genre.

Escribiti un ensayo sobre el tema.Los ensayos de Montaigne inau-guraron el g6nero.

Essay significa ensayo = redaction. No *signified ensayo = intento, que se traducespor attempt; ni ensayo (de un espectd- ?culo), que se traduce por rehearsal. Note-,se: un tubo de ensayo = a test tube.

Exercises ;

1. Haremos otro ensayo cuando estemos mas cerca de la fecha. 2. Has-ta cua"ndo hay de plazo para entregar este trabajo? 3. Estuvo presenteen algunos de sus ensayos. 4. Creamos un vacio en el tubo de ensayo.

*, RightThe patient's es- ; The patient'state is critical. condition is •

critical.

Comment |

Estate significa finca, propiedad, patri-monio. No significa estado, que se traduce|por state, condition. Notese: an indus-trial estate (UK) = un parque industrial.?

estimate^ Right

They estimate his ^ They have a highprofessionalism a j regard for hislot j professionalism.

ExamplesThere was a small wood on the estate.She administers her father's estate.

He left his entire estate to me.The estate was divided into separatefarms.

En la finca habia un bosquecillo.Administra las propiedades desu padre.Me dejo todos sus bienes.Dividieron la finca en variasgranjas separadas.

Exercises1. Nos avisaron del mal estado de la carretera. 2. Las tropas estcin enestado de alerta. 3. El estado del paciente es critico.

Comment

To estimate significa estimar = calcular aproxi-">madamente. No significa estimar = apreciar, |que se traduce por to respect, to hold in highregard. Tampoco significa estimar = conside-l

rar, que se traduce por to consider.

ExamplesI don't know how much it cost,but I would estimate around athousand pounds.I estimate he'll take abouttwenty minutes.We estimated the expenses.

No se oicinto cost6 exactamente, perodiriaqueunasmillibras.

Calculo que tardard unos veinteminutos.Hicimos una estimacitin de los gastos.

Exercises1. No estimo necesario que se tomen esas medidas. 2. Era muy esti-mado por todo el pueblo madrileno. 3. Estimo que puede tener unossiete metres de largo. 4. Estiman mucho su profesionalidad.

62 EDITORIAL STANLEY

escapade

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etiquette

Wrong

The price iswritten on theetiquette.

227

Right

The price iswritten on thetag.

Comment

Etiquette significa etiqueta = conjuntode reglas. No significa etiqueta (con elprecio), que se traduce por price tag, tic-ket; ni etiqueta (con informacitin), quese traduce por label. NCtese: vestir deetiqueta = to wear formal dress.

Wrong

I'm not a perma-nent employee,my job is onlyeventual.

Right

I'm not a perma-nent employee,my job is onlytemporary.

Comment

Eventual significa final, que llega con eltiempo. No equivale al espanol eventual,que se traduce por possible o temporary.

ExamplesI am very ignorant in matters ofetiquette.According to the rules ofetiquette you mustn't do it.

Soy muy ignorante en cuestionesde etiqueta.Segun las normas de la etiquetano debes hacerlo.

Exercises

1. En la etiqueta viene el precio. 2. ^Puede quitar la etiqueta delprecio? 3. Hay que ir vestido de etiqueta. 4. Pega la direcci6n conuna etiqueta adhesiva.

ExamplesThe eventual result came as asurprise to us.

His eventual death came as arelief to the family.

El resultado que finalmente seobtuvo nos sorprendio.

Para la familia fue un alivio quefinalmente le llegara la muerte.

Exercises

1. Hemos de preparnos para un aumento eventual de los impuestos.2. Nada que usted pueda decir va a incidir sobre el resultado final.3. Tengo un trabajo eventual.

eventually

Right

Eventually I'll go Possibly I'll go-I haven't -I haven'tdecided yet. decided yet.

Comment

Eventually significa finalmente, al fi-nal, con el tiempo. No significa even-tualmente, que se traduce por possiblyo temporarily.

exacting

Wrong

Your version isn'tentirely exacting.

230

Right

Your version isn't ;

entirely accurate.

Comment

Exacting (del verbo to exact) significa exi-gente, riguroso. No significa exacto, quese traduce por precise, accurate, exact.

• Examples

If I study hard, eventually I'll pass.

We eventually got there at nineo'clock.

Eventually people became used tothe idea.

Si estudio mucho, algun dia aprobar6.

Finalmente llegamos a las nueve.

Con el tiempo, la gente seacostumbrti a la idea.

Eventually we managed to find him.; Finalmente, pudimosdar con 61.

Exercises

1. Voy a hablar de las dificultades que eventualmente pudieran surgir.2. Con el tiempo se despejaron las dudas.

ExamplesOw Engl ish teacher is veryexacting.

He has a very exactingjob.

Nuestro profesor de ingles es muyexigente.Tiene un trabajo que le exige muchisimo.

Exercises

1. Tu versi6n no es del todo exacta. 2. Es dificil obtener informacitinexacta sobre el pais. 3. Les exige un nivel de rendimiento muy alto a susestudiantes.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 63

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exalted

He was really ex-alted and didn'tknow what he wassaying.

RightHe was reallyworked up anddidn't know whathe was saying.

Comment

Exalted significa elevado, eminente. Nosignifica exaltado, que se traduce porimpassioned, worked-up, angry. Note-se: un exaltado = a hothead.

excited

RightShe was really ex-cited about appear-ing in the film.

Comment

Excited puede significar excitado, por ejem-plo sexualmente. Pero su acepci6n principales emocionado, entusiasmado. Genera I-mente excitado se traduce por worked-up,agitated, overexcited. Notese: to getexcited = entusiasmarse.

Wrong

She achieved theexit in the lastyears of her life.

Right

She achieved suc-cess in the lastyears of her life.

Comment

Exit significa salida. No significa exito,que se traduce por success.

The King's visitcaused greatexpectation.

RightThe King's visitcaused greatexcitement.

Comment

Expectation significa expectativa. Nosignifica expectacidn, que se traduce porexcitement, anticipation, sense ofexpectancy.

Examples

He occupies an exalted positionas ambassador.He has an exalted opinion ofhimself.

Como embajador tiene una posi-cionmuyelevada.Tiene una opinitin muy favorabledesimismo.

Exercises1. Los exaltados manifestantes profirieron insultos contra la policia.2. Un grupo de exaltados destrozo varies escaparates. 3. Estaba muyexaltado y no sabia lo que decfa.

Examples

Are you excited about going onholiday?She's really excited about her newjob.

,-Te hace NusioYi ir de vacaciones?

Esta entusiasmadisima con sunuevo trabajo.

Exercises1. No se podia dormir porque estaba muy excitado. 2. Estoy tan entu-siasmado con el viaje. 3. No te entusiasmes demasiado. 4. Estaba muyexcitado y no sabia lo que decfa.

1 Examples

Thejournalists gathered near theexit.That arrow shows the way to the exit.It was impossible to find the exit.

Los periodistas se reunieron cercade la salida.Esa flecha indica la salida.Era imposible encontrar la salida.

Exercises1. Contribuyeron al exito de la fiesta. 2. Se le ha subido el exito a lacabeza. 3. Les felicitd por el exito que habian tenido. 4. Alcanzo elexito en los ultimos anos de su vida. 5. El libra tuvo mucho exito.

Examples

It's exceeded our wi Idestexpectations.He failed to live up to his father'sexpectations.

Ha superado todas nuestras expec-tativas.DefraudO las expectativas de supadre.

Exercises1. La sala bullia de expectacidn. 2. La visita del Rey despertd una granexpectacioYi. 3. Causd gran expectativa en la Bolsa.

64 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

Wrong

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The expedientwas lying wideopen on the desk.

RightThe file waslying wide openon the desk.

CommentEl adjetivo ingles expedient significa con-veniente, oportuno. No se debe confun-dir con el sustantivo espaiiol expediente,que se traduce por file, dossier, record oinvestigation, inquiry.

experiment.'.sfv.'V RightThe city experi- The city under-mented a period went a period ofof considerable considerablegrowth. growth.

CommentTo experiment significa solo hacer experi-mentos. No significa experimentar = sen-tir, que se traduce por to experience. Tam-poco significa experimentar = sufrir uncambio, que se traduce por to undergo.

explodeRightHe really knowshow to exploit hisfriendship withthe boss's wife.

He really knowshow to explode hisfriendship withthe boss's wife.

CommentTo explode significa explotar = estallar,hacer explosidn. No significa explotar =sacar provecho de, que se traduce por toexploit, take advantage of.

exposition

RightHe put on an He put on anexposition of his exhibition of hispaintings. paintings.

Comment

Exposition significa exposicion = presen-tacitin de ideas o de hechos. Pero no sig-nifica exposicion artfstica, que se traducepor exhibition.

1 ExamplesIt was considered expedient todelay publication of the report.Do what you think expedient.

Se consider conveniente posponerla publicacitin del informe.Haz lo que creas conveniente.

Exercises1. El expediente estaba abierto de par en par en el escritorio. 2. Todavfaestan instruyendo el expediente. 3. Tiene un expediente sin sombra.

• Examples

He is experimenting with differenttechniques.They do not experiment on animals.She likes to experiment withdifferent materials.

Esta experimentando con distintastecnicas.No experimentan con animates.Le gusta experimentar con mate-rialesdiferentes.

Exercises1. Experimentaron serias dificultades. 2. Estan experimentando conesteroides y otros productos afines. 3. Su estado ha experimentadouna ligera mejoria. 4. La ciudad experimento" un gran crecimiento.

Examples

A bomb exploded in the shoppingcentre.He exploded with rage.

Estallti una bomba en el centracomercial.Explotederabia.

Exercises1. Han formado un consorcio para explotar los yacimientos de carbon.2. Supo explotar esta idea al m^ximo. 3. Explota su amistad con eljefe.

ExamplesHe gave an exposition of histheory at the conference.The public prosecutor gave a briefexposition of the facts.

Hizo una exposicion de su teorfaenlaconferencia.El fiscal hizo una breve exposi-cibn de los hechos.

Exercises1. Esta planeando montar una exposicion de sus cuadros. 2. Hay unaexposicion de bronces egipcios. 3. La escultura se expondra a partir de

junio.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 65

expedientWrong

Wrong

Wrong

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extension

The industrialcomplex occupies ^a large extension ;

of land near the ;coast.

239

RightThe industrialcomplex occu-pies a large ex-panse of landnear the coast. >

Comment

Extension significa extensitin = prdrro-ga, ampliacibn. No significa extensi6n= superficie, area, que se traduce porexpanse, area.

> Examples

The architect drew up the plans for ' El arquitecto hizo los pianos para l

the extension.She asked for an extension of thedeadline.He asked for an extension on hisassignment.

laampliacitin.

PidiCt una extension del plazo.

Piditi una prtirroga del plazo deentrega del trabajo.

Exercises1. Tiene una extension de 20 hectaYeas. 2. Ocupa una gran extensionde terreno. 3. Esta"n haciendo ampliaciones.

WrongAll that work hasextenuated me.

RightAll that work has 'exhausted me. f

Comment I

To extenuate significa atenuar (un deli- 'to, una culpa). No significa extenuar, que 'se traduce por to exhaust, to tire out. |

• Examples

Thejudge considered the accused's Eljuezconisder6 el trastorno men-mental disorder as an extenuating m tal del acusado como circunstancia ~circumstance. .- atenuante. \Perhaps you should extenuate your ? Quizas deberfas atenuar el tonodecriticism. tus criticas.

Exercises1. El paseo por la montafia me ha extenuado. 2. El corrector estabaextenuado despu6s de la carrera. 3. Lava los platos, que no te vas aextenuar.

extravagance

WrongMichael Jacksonwas famous forhis music andalso for his ex-travagances.

RightMichael Jacksonwas famous forhis music andalso for his ec-centricities.

Comment f

Extravagance significa despilfarro, de- |rroche o lujo. Generalmente no significa textravagancia, que se traduce por |outrageous act, outlandish behaviour, |etc. o por eccentricity, flamboyance. 1

• Examples

Going to such an expensive hotelseems to me to be an extravagance.Your extravagance explains whyyou're always in debt.

Ir a un hotel tan caro me pareceun despilfarro.

Tu despilfarro explica por qu6siempre esta~s endeudado.

Exercises ^1. Se puede esperar cualquier extravagancia de el2. Su extravagancia *bordea la locura. 3. Sus extravagancias le han convertido en una per- 'sona muy conocida. ^

66 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

extenuate

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extravagant

Right

; She paid an t, extravagant price

for the hat. "

CommentExtravagant significa derrochador, des-pilfarrador o de lujo. Tambien significainstil ito, desmesurado, extravagante.

* ExamplesIt seems very extravagant to havethree cars.They have a very extravagant lifestyle.He told us an extravagant tale.She paid an extravagant price for it.

Parece un lujo excesivo tener trescoches.Viven por todo lo alto.Nos contt una historia rocambolesca.Pag6 un precio disparatado.

Exercises1. Es un derrochador. 2. Todos la miraban por el extravagante sombreroque llevaba. 3. La boda fue lujosa. 4. Hoy estoy derrochador.

fabric

Wrong

He worked in atextile fabric allhis life.

243

Right .*He worked in a }

' textile factory all f, his life. ,

CommentFabric significa tela, tejido. TambieYi sig-nifica estructura (de un edificio). Perono significa fa"brica = factorfa, que se tra-duce por factory, plant.

facility

RightShe had no cookingfacilities in herroom.

Comment

Facility significa facilidad. Tambien sig-nifica instalaci6n, prestacibn.

faction

Wrong

She has a thinface with sharpfactions.

Right

She has a thinface with sharpfeatures.

Comment {Faction significa faccitin s6lo en el senti-fdo de banda, grupo. No significa faccidn |de la cara, que se traduce por feature. *

' Examples

She cut the fabric down the middle. £ Cort6 la tela por la mitad.The walls were covered in fabric. * Las paredes estaban tapizadas de tela.We have to think about the upkeep „ Tenemos que pensar en el manteni-of the fabric of the church miento de la estructura de la iglesia.

Exercises

1. No es seguro que la fcibrica vaya a cerrar. 2. Me gusta el color de esatela. 3. Los vertidos de la fa"brica representan un riesgo para la salud.

' " "

' ExamplesShe has a tremendous faci I ity for I Tiene una faci I idad tremenda pararemembering dates. | recorder fechas.There are no sports facilities in the 1 No hay instalaciones deportivasarea.This computer offers a wide rangeof facilities.

en la zona.Esta computadora ofrece una am-plia gama de prestaciones.

Exercises

1. Al pueblo le faltan ciertos servicios ba"sicos. 2. Tiene una gran faci-lidad para las matematicas. 3. El hotel dispone de salas de conferencia.

Las distintas facciones en guerra hancausado muchas muertes en la regioYi.La faccitin conservadora del partidose opuso.Hace de mediador entre las dosfacciones.

• ExamplesWarring factions have caused many*deaths in the area. ?The conservative faction in the |party was against it. fHe acts as a mediator between the Itwo factions.

Exercises1. Tiene la cara delgada y de facciones angulosas. 2. Gan6 la faccidn dela derecha. 3. Es de facciones delicadas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 67

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familiar

When he leftschool, he went towork in thefamiliar business.

RightWhen he leftschool, he wentto work in thefamily business.

Comment

Familiar significa familiar = conocido.Tambien significa demasiado informal. Nosignifica familiar = de la familia, que setraduce por family.

WrongWhat a fastidiousnoise!

RightWhat an irritat-ing noise!

Comment

Fastidious significa muy exigente, quis-quilloso, manidtico. No significa fasti-dioso, que se traduce por tiresome,annoying, irritating.

ExamplesThat tune sounds fami liar to me.His face is familiar.I'm still not familiar with the language.Don't be so fami liar.He was too familiar with her andgot his face slapped.

Esa melodia me resulta familiar.Sucara me es familiar.El idioma aun no me es familiar.No te tomes tantas confianzas.Se propasti con el la y le cayc-una bofetada.

Exercises1. Fue una reunion familiar. 2. No les des demasiada confianza a losalumnos. 3. Nunca tuvo la ventaja de un ambiente familiar estable. 4.Le parecia que el profesor se estaba tomando demasiadas libertades.

• ExamplesI'm fastidious about cleanliness. • Soy muy exigente en lo que se re-

fierealalimpieza.He is very fastidious about his food. Es muy delicado con las comidas.It was chosen with fastidious care. Fue elegido con sumo cuidado.

Exercises1. jQu6 ruido tan fastidioso! 2. Es un nifio muy fastidioso. 3. No seastan quisquilloso.

RightI drank too much I drank too muchat the party and at the party andnext day felt ab- next day felt ab-solutely fatal, solutely awful.

Comment

Fatal significa mortal. No significa fatal= muy malo, que se traduce por awful,terrible.

rrongAs he approachedthe finishing line,he had the fatal-ity to fall.

RightAs he approachedthe finishing line,he had the misfor-tune to fall.

Comment

Fatality significa muerto, victima. No signi-fica fatalidad, que se traduce por misfortune,bad luck (adversidad); fate, destiny (des-tino).

> ExamplesThe blow was fatal.He had a fatal car accident.

El golpefue mortal.Tuvo un accidente de coche mortal.

Exercises1. El trasnochar y el exceso de alcohol hicieron que se sintiera fatal. 2.Se fue a casa porque se encontraba fatal. 3. Tuvimos un tiempo fataltoda la semana.

Examples

The number of fatal ities has sti IInot been established.Fortunately there were nofatalities.

Aun no se ha determinado elnumerodevictimas.Afortunadamente no hubomuertos.

Exercises1. Tuvo la fatalidad de caerse muy cerca de la meta. 2. No se puedeluchar contra la fatalidad. 3. Fue una fatalidad que te pusierasenfermo el dia antes del examen.

68 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

fastidious

fatality

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fatigue

' RightHe had great fa- He had great diffi-tigues in finishing culty in finishingthe assignment. the assignment.

Comment

Fatigue significa fatiga = cansancio. No sig-nifica fatiga = sofoco, ahogo, que se traducepor breathlessness, difficulty in breathing.Tampoco significa fatigas = dificultades, quese traduce por hardship, difficulty.

WrongThe fault of wa-ter made thesituation worse.

RightThe lack of wa-ter made thesituation worse.

Comment

El sustantivo fault significa culpa, defec-to. No significa falta, que se traduce porlack, absence. El verbo to fault significacriticar, tachar, echar la culpa. No sig-nifica faltar, que se traduce por to bemissing, to lack.

RightThe 19th of March The 19th of Marchis a public feast, is a public holiday.

Comment

Feast significa banquete, festm. No sig-nifica fiesta, que se traduce por party (ce-lebracitin) o holiday, public holiday(dfa festivo).

' ExamplesMany road accidents are caused byfatigue.The rings under her eyes were a

La fatiga causa muchos accidentesen carretera.Sus pjeras denotaban fatiga.

sign of fatigue. | f

Exercises |1. No puede correr porque enseguida siente fatiga y mareos. 2. Pas6 Imuchas fatigas para terminar la carrera. 3. Ha pasado muchas fatigas *en la vida.

ExamplesHis one fault is his lack of patience.

I admit it's not entirely her fault.

We do not deny that the accidentwas our fault.I cannot fault your logic.

His behaviour cannot be faulted.

Exercises |1. Se abandono el proyecto por falta de capital. 2. La falta de agua agravd la|situacitin. 3. Alegaba su falta de experiencia parajustificar el error. 4. Falta jdinero de la caja. 5. Faltaban tres miembros del grupo. 6. Le falta ambicitin. j

Su unico defecto es su falta depaciencia.Reconozco que toda la culpa noes suya.No negamos que el accidente fueraculpa nuestra.No veo fallo alguno en tu razona-miento.Su comportamiento es intachable.

ExamplesWe celebrated the win with ahuge feast.It's a feast fit for a king.

Nos dimos un gran banquete paracelebrar la victoria.Es un banquete digno de reyes.

Exercises1. El dia 19 de marzo es fiesta. 2. Organizaron una fiesta de despedida. I3. En la fiesta habfa mucho ambiente.

ferment

RightAfter the King's assas-

„ sination, the countrywas in ferment.

Comment

Ferment significa fermento. Tambien sig-nifica aqitacibn, tumulto.

.- - * **-- , - - ,v* * v * -1.W-:

• ExamplesYeast is a ferment which makesbread swell.The country was in a state of greatferment.

La levadura es un fermento que haceaumentar de volumen la masa de pan. jHabfa un estado de gran agitacidn en Iel pafs.

Exercises1. La subida de los precios fue el fermento de la rebelion. 2. La nacitinestabaenebullicidn.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 69

Wrong

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WrongThat subject liesoutside my feud.

RightThat subject liesoutside my domain.

CommentFeud significa contienda, enemistad. Nosignifica feudo, que se traduce por fief,domain, territory.

figure 255

RightMultiply the firstfigure by thesecond.

Comment

Figure significa figura. Pero su acepcitinprimordial es cifra, numero.

final 256

Right1 refuse to talkto them, andthat's final !

Comment

Final significa ultimo, final. TambieYi sig-nifica definitive, inapelable.

WrongThe finality of theconceit was toraise money forcharity.

RightThe purpose ofthe concert wasto raise moneyfor charity.

CommentFinality significa determination, irrevoca-bilidad. No significa finalidad, que se tra-duce por purpose, objective, aim.

1 ExamplesA bitter family feud broke out overtheir grandfather's will.The two people in charge arehaving a feud.

Exercises1. El equipo volviti a perder en su feudo. 2. El tema esta" fuera de sufeudo.

El testamento del abuelo provocti |una enconada disputa familiar. 5Hay un pique entre los dos respon- ,sables. I

* ExamplesHe wrote the figure five. I Escribiti el numero cinco. *They're asking an astronomical figure. I Piden una cifra astrontimica. |She has a very nice figure. I Tiene una figura muybonita. *He's a key figure in I rish I iterature. f Es una figura clave de la I iteratura I

1 irlandesa. *Add together this column of figures. £ Suma esta columna de numeros. *

Exercises |1. Enfoca la Ccimara en la figura central. 2. Las cifras de produccibn han ^bajado. 3. Todavfa tiene buena figura. 4. Se le dan bien los numeros. 5. jMultiplier la primera cifra por la segunda. f

• ExamplesThat's my final offer.You can't go -thejudges' decisionis final.It's the final version of my poem.

Es mi ultima oferta.No puedes ir -la decision deljuradoes inapelable.Es la version definitiva de mi poema.

Exercises1. Le esta" dando los toques finales. 2. Estas notas cuentan para lacalificacidn final. 3. jNo quiero verla, y se acabb! 4. Su decision esinapelable y vinculante para las partes.

• Examples

"Out of the question", she saidwith finality.He declared it with finality.

Ni pensarlo —dijo de modo termi-nante.Lo declare con determination.

Exercises I1. (jCon que finalidad se convocd la reunion? 2. La finalidad que '*»se persigue es que baje esta cifra. 3. La finalidad del concierto era |benefica. I

70 EDITORIAL STANLEY

feud

finality

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He scrawled hisfirm at the bottomof the contract.

Comment

Firm significa firma =fica firma al pie detraduce por signature

RightHe scrawled hissignature at thebottom of thecontract.

empresa. No signi-un escrito, que seo signing.

WrongThe garden lookslovely when therose bushes areflorid.

RightThe garden lookslovely when therose bushes are inbloom.

Comment

Florid significa florido = recargado. Tambiensignifica rubicundo. No significa florido = conflores, que se traduce por flowery, full offlowers o in bloom. N6tese: lo m£s floridode la sociedad = the cream of society.

formal

WrongI trust him com-pletely. He's themost formal per-son I know.

RightI trust him com-pletely. He's themost reliableperson I know.

Comment ;

Formal significa ceremonioso, de etique- •ta, o oficial. Pero no significa formal = _serio, responsable, cumplidor, que se tra- \duce por reliable, dependable.

formation

Wrong

The company senthim to London on ^a formationcourse.

261

Right

The company senthim to London on •a training course.

i

1 ExamplesThe firm was established in 1925. | La empresa seestableciO en 1925. |That firm discriminates against j Esa empresa discrimina a las muje- *;women employees. | resempleadas. I

s-w.'*v* j^Hjwvi

Exercises1. La empresa quebrd el ano pasado. 2. Asistieron a la firma del acuer-do. 3. Su firma no es mas que un garabato. 4. La huelga ha puesto enpeligro la firma el contrato.

ExamplesHizo un discurso vacio de conte-nidopero muy florido.

He made a very florid but emptyspeech.He was a large, cheerful man with i El era un hombre corpulento ya florid complexion. J alegre, detezrubicunda.

ExercisesrTieneunjardm florido. 2. El rosal esta" todo florido. 3. Acudidlo

mas florido de la sociedad.

ExamplesHe is always very formal.Formal dress must be worn to theceremony.He made a formal complaintagainst his neighbour.

Siempre es muy ceremonioso.Hay que asistir al acto de etiqueta.

Denuncid a su vecino.

Exercises 11. Claro que te pagara", es una persona muy formal. 2. Deberias hacer funa reclamacioYi formal. 3. Es una empresa muy formal. 4. No puedo Jimagina'rmelo vestido de etiqueta.

Examples

Comment jFormation significa generalmente formacibn J(de las rocas, de un grupo, de palabras, tetc). Pero no significa formacitin = adiestra- 'miento, que se traduce por training. ;

The rock formations are of especialinterest.

The planes were flying information.

Las formaciones rocosas son deespecial inter6s.Los aviones volaban en formacibn.

Exercises |i

1. Estan mejorando la formacidn interna de los trabajadores de la $empresa. 2. Hicimos muchos sacrificios para pagar su formaci6n. *

EDITORIAL STANLEY 71

firmWrong

florid

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formidableWrong jEverybody adores |him, he's such a )formidable person, i

Right

Everybodyadores him, he'ssuch a wonderful

person.ms~ ®

CommentFormidable significa imponente, alar-mante, impresionante. No equivale a lapalabra espahola formidable, que se tra-duce por wonderful, marvellous, fan-tastic; huge, enormous.

Right

He decided togive up smokingand drinking.

Wrong

He decided togive up fumingand drinking.

CommentTo fume significa humear, echar humo,rabiar. No significa fumar, que se traducepor to smoke.

Wrong

The companywas fundedby my greatgreat-grandfatherin 1895.

RightThe companywas foundedby my greatgreat-grandfather;in 1895.

CommentTo fund significa financier. No significafundar, que se traduce por to found.

WrongListen, I've justhad a genial idea!

RightListen, I've justhad a great idea!

CommentGenial significa simpStico, jovial, afa-ble. No significa genial = inspirado, quese traduce por brilliant, great, fantastic;ni genial = gracioso, que se traduce porwitty, funny. Notese: un goipe genial =a stroke of genius.

* Examples

She was a formidable opponent.She has a formidable temper.The earthquake caused formidabledamage.

Era un adversario imponente.Tiene un genio impresionante.El terremoto caus6 unos dafiosterribles.

Exercises1. Es una persona formidable. 2. El problema alcanzti proporcionesformidables. 3. Es unjugador de futbol formidable.

Estaba que echaba humo por losdesperfectos que habfa sufrido sucocne.Lleg6 bufando porque el tren sehabia retrasado.

ExamplesHe was fuming (with rage) aboutthe damage to his car.

She came in fuming because hertrain had been delayed.

Exercises1. Queda terminantemente prohibido fumar en esta zona. 2. Se fuerabiando porque perditi el juego. 3. Deciditi dejar de fumar.

* ExamplesThe expedition was funded byseveral companies.

La expedici6n fue financiada porvarias empresas.

Exercises1. La empresa fue fundada por su abuelo. 2. Necesita a alguien queaporte capital para financiar su investigation.«MMM*Mf»rtM-riM»«.>a«*i**'W>'<*-t J * L > * v ,~ -, .- •»,. 1^1 ,„ iw »„„

ExamplesThe day he came here he wasextremely genial.They gave us a genial welcome.

El dia que vino estuvo de lo massimpatico.Nos recibieron cordialmente.

Exercises tv

1. Lo que parecfa ser una locura resultti un goipe genial. 2. ^Te nan"dado el trabajo? jGenial! 3. Tengo una idea genial. 4. Hace una imita-tion genial del presidente. 5. La calificaron de pintora genial. 6. Tiene"unassalidasgeniales.

72 EDITORIAL STANLEY

fume

fund

genial

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genius

Right

She greeted me She greeted mewith her usual with her usualbad genius. bad temper.

CommentGenius signified genio = portento, pro-digio o talento extraordinario. No signi-fica genio = mal humor, que se traducepor bad temper.

That was verygentle of you.Many thanksindeed.

RightThat was verykind of you.Many thanksindeed.

CommentGentle significa suave, dulce. No signifiedgentil, que se traduce por kind, pleasant,charming.

:ica

What a handsomecouple, and theydance so gently!

Right

What a handsomecouple, and theydance so grace-fully!

Comment

Gently significa con cuidado, con suavi-dad. No significa gentilmente, que se tra-duce por kindly, charmingly, gracefully.

ExamplesShe was a mathematical genius.

That boy is a budding genius.

What a stroke of genius that was.

He has a genius for saying thewrong thing.

Era un genio de las matema~ticas.Esechicoesun genio en ciernes.

Eso fue una verdadera genial idad.

Tiene un don especial para decir loque no debe.

Exercises1. Gasta muy mal genio. 2. Me saludti con su habitual mal genio. 3. Es un"verdadero genio de la ffsica. 4. Tienes que aprender a controlar tu genio.

ExamplesShe is a very gentle person.He's a very gentle dog.The gentle rocking of the boatlulled me to sleep.

Es una persona muy dulce.

Es un perro muy manso.Me dormi arrullado por el suavebalanceodelabarca.

Exercises1. Gracias, es usted muy gentil. 2. Fue muy gentil de su parte llevarnosa comer. 3. Me tratd de una manera muy gentil.

* Examples

She pushed him gently. % Lo empujb suavemente. 1He speaks gently, without raising ' Habla suavemente, sin alzar la voz. ^his voice. -

Exercises1. Baila muy gentilmente. 2. Le tocti suavemente la cara. *

gesture

Wronq Right

A gesture of sur- An expression ofprise came across surprise cameher face. across her face.

CommentGesture significa gesto = ademdn o de-talle, rasgo. No significa gesto = expre-sion de la cara, que se traduce porexpression.

1 ExamplesHe made a rude gesture.

It was a very noble gesture.We were deeply touched by theirgesture. ?He made a cutting gesture with his | Hizo ademan de cortar algo con la

Hizo un gesto grosero.

Fue un gesto muy noble.

Nos conmoviO mucho su gesto.

hand. mano.

Exercises1. Frunciti la boca en un gesto de desaprobacitin. 2. Cuando probti lacomida, puso un gesto de asco. 3. Fue un gesto de rebeldia contra suspadres.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 73

Wrong

gentleWrong

gently

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globe

Wrong

At the children'sparty there wereglobes of manycolours.

270

1 Right |

J At the children's ];J party there were !' balloons of many1 colours. *

Comment IGlobe significa mundo; esfera. No signi- {fica globo (para volar, de ninos), que se jftraduce por balloon. Tampoco significa jglobo (en tenis), que se traduce por lob. J

ExamplesDelegates from all over the globeattended the conference.

Asistieron a la conferencia delega-dos de todo el mundo.

Exercises1. El globo se elevrj por los aires. 2. El globo se reventd con un estalli-do. 3. Hizo un globo y envid la pelota a la esquina.

WrongThe story he toldhad a lot of grace.

RightThe story he toldwas very funny.

Comment

Grace significa gracia = elegancia, finu-ra. Tambien significa cortesia, gentileza.No significa gracia = comicidad, que setraduce por wit, humour. Ndtese: tenergracia = to be funny, to be witty. Congracia = graceful (ly).

"•«""•""

WrongWe watched a verygracious televisionprogramme.

RightWe watched avery funny televi- £sion programme.

Comment ?Gracious significa gentil, cortes, elegan-|te, garboso. No significa gracioso, que se itraduce por funny, amusing, charming, •cute. !

gratification

Wrong

They are offeringa gratification towhoever findsthe cat.

273

1 Righti *< They are offering| a reward to1 whoever finds 1

J the cat. J

CommentGratification significa solo satisfaccidn,placer. No significa gratification = boni-fication, recompensa., que se traduce porbonus, reward, tip.

ExamplesShe moved with grace.

You might at least have the graceto say you're sorry,

Semovfa con gracia.

Podrias por lo menos tener la corte-sia de disculparte.

Exercises1. La historia que contd tenfa mucha gracia. 2. Tiene mucha graciacontando las cosas. 3. Se mueve con mucha gracia.

* Examples

He was very gracious to me.They were gracious enough toapologize.

Estuvo muy amable conmigo.

Tuvieron la gentileza (la cortesia)depedirdisculpas.

Exercises1. Vimos un programa muy gracioso en la tele. 2. Te creeps muy gra-cioso (jverdad? 3. Es gracioso que nos hayan destinado al mismo sitio.4. Tiene una manera muy graciosa de reirse.

Examples

I play the piano for my owngratification.

To my immense gratification, whatI advised was correct.

Toco el piano para mi satisfaccic-npersonal.Para mi gran satisfaction, lo queaconseje era correcto.

Exercises1. Ofrecen una gratification a quien encuentre al gato. 2. Recibio unagratification por el magnffico trabajo que habfa realizado.

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gratify

Wrong

The boss gratifiedthe entire staff.

RightThe boss gavethe whole staffa bonus.

Comment

To gratify significa s6lo satisfacer, corn-placer. No significa recompensar con unagratificacitin, que se traduce por toreward, to give a bonus, to tip, etc.* «>tv - **."•«* *S(>-M^ a i \^. \ «ww^,j«iMDitiwea«ws

gratuitous

Wrong RightAdmission to the Admission tomuseum is gratui- £ the museum istous. I free of charge.

Comment

Gratuitous significa gratuito = infunda-do, injustificado. No significa gratuito =gratis, que se traduce por free, free ofcharge.

grenade

Wrong

Some kinds ofgrenade are eatenas a dessert.

RightSome kinds ofpomegranateare eaten as adessert.

Comment

Grenade significa granada = bomba quese lanza con la mano. No significa gra-nada (el fruto), que se traduce porpomegranate.

guard

Wrong

Vegetables shouldbe guarded in acool place.

Right |Vegetables Ishould be kept 1in a cool place. I

Comment

To guard significa guardar = defender,proteger. No significa guardar = conser-var, reservar, que se traduce por to keep,to store, to save.

' ExamplesThe visit wasjust to gratify hiscuriosityI was gratified to learn that he hadenjoyed the book.

Fuimos de visitacer su curiosidad.Me produjo unaenterarme de que l<el libro.

Exercises1. La familia gratificarci a quien de informacitin sobre su paradero. 2. Eljefe gratified a toda la plantilla.

ExamplesThe violence in the film iscompletely gratuitous.He witnessed the gratuitousdestruction of beautiful buildings.

La violencia en esta pelicula estotalmentegratuita.PresenciO la injustificada destruc-ciOndebellosedificios.

Exercises

1. La entrada al museo es gratuita. 2. jNo critiquen la educacitingratuita!

* ExamplesThe soldier threw a grenade at the | El soldado lanzO una granada altank and destroyed it. j tanqueylodestruyO.The grenade exploded seconds after I La granada explot6segundosdespu6sithe safety pin had been pulled. I deextraerlaanilladeseguridad.

fc»H**<WS^^s^sgMS«StW'»* te3«ffl*3U!isWWJ8^^ 'SWNKHNSSSWaHBH** ^^ StoWd

Exercises

1. La granada es un fruto de color rojo y piel dura en cuyo interior seencuentran las semillas que son comestibles. 2. Algunas especies degranada se comen como postre y otras se usan para la obtencidn degranadina.

ExamplesShejealously guarded her privatelife.The dogs were guarding theentrance to the mansion.I entrusted them with guardingthe building.

Guardaba celosamente su vidaprivada.Los perros guardaban la entradaa la mansion.Les encargue la vigilancia deledificio.

Exercises1. Haces ejercicio para guardar la Ifnea? 2. Las verduras se tienen queguardar en un sitio fresco. 3. GuaYdale un pedazo de pastel. 4. La casaesta muy vigilada. 5. Vamos a guardar su carta en nuestros archives.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 75

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guardian

Wrong RightThe child's parentor guardian mustsign the form.

Comment !i

Guardian significa tutor. Tambien puedeisignificar guardian = defensor. I

history

Wrong 1 RightShe told us a very | She told us afunny history 1 very funny storyabout her I about herschooldays. j schooldays.

Comment

History significa historia = estudio delpasado. No significa historia = relato,que se traduce por story.

• Examples

He is down here as the child's guardian.He sees himself as a guardian of moralstandards.

Aqui figura como tutor del nino.Se considera un guardian de losvalores morales.

Exercises

1. El padre o tutor debe firmar la autorizacioh. 2. Se ha autoproclamadoguardian de las buenas costumbres.

Examples

This book covers the whole ofEuropean history.It is an important episode inSpanish history.

Este libra abarca toda la historiaEuropea.Es un importante episodic de lahistoria de Espana.

Exercises

1. He ofdo varias versiones de esa historia. 2. Nos explico" una historiamuy graciosa. 3. Siempre ha destacado en historia.

human

RightHe's a very hu-mane person,always thinkingof others.

Wrong

He's a veryhuman person, al-ways thinking ofothers.

Comment j

Human significa humano = relative al|hombre. No significa humano = benevo-jlente, bondadoso, que se traduce porjhumane. j

• ExamplesHuman beings cannot understandphenomena I ike this.It's only human to want what youcan't have.What she lacks is human warmth.

El ser humano no puede compren-der fendmenos como 6ste.Es natural y humano desear lo queno se puede tener.Lo que le falta es calor humano.

Exercises

1. Tiene un caracter muy humano, se preocupa siempre de ayudar a losdema's. 2. Con el paso del tiempo se ha vuelto mucho mas sensible yhumano. 3. Tiene un caracter muy humano.

humid

Wrong

Wipe the tablewith a humidcloth.

281

I R'9ht |{ Wipe the tablef with a damp |I cloth. |

MM

Comment iHumid significa humedo (clima). No sig-|nifica humedo (ropa, casa, suelo, etc),que se traduce por damp. f

• Examples

It's very humid today.It's a humid, oppressive heat.Singapore is a very humid island.

Hoyestamuyhumedo.Hace un calor humedo y aplastante.Singapur es una isla muy humeda.

Exercises

1. Es un piso muy humedo. 2. Pasale un trapo humedo. 3. En la costael clima es mas humedo. 4. La ropa aun esta humeda.

76 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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humour

j RightBe careful, the Be careful, the

boss is in a really boss is in a really

bad humour today, bad mood today.

Comment

Humour significa humor = gracia, co-micidad. No significa humor = estadode a~nimo, que se traduce por mood.

idiom

RightShe speaks seven She speaksidioms. seven languages.

CommentIdiom significa modismo, frase hecha.Por lo general, no significa idioma, que setraduce por language.Notese: the idiom of the young = el len-guaje de los jdvenes; the idiom of theperiod = el lenguaje de la 6poca.

ignore

RightShe pretended

not to know hisname.

She pretended to

ignore his name.

Comment

To ignore significa solo desofr, hacer casoomiso de. No significa ignorar = desco-nocer, que se traduce por not to know, tobe ignorant of.

illusion

He called herwith the illusionthat she would

agree to meet

him.

Comment

RightHe called herwith the hopethat she wouldagree to meethim.

Illusion significa ilusion = notion falsa.No significa ilusion = esperanza, que setraduce por hope, dream. Tampoco signifi-ca ilusion = alegria, satisfaction, que setraduce por joy, excitement, enthusiasm.

1 Examples

You need a sense of humour towork here.He has a caustic sense of humour.

Para trabajar aqui hay que tenersentido del humor.Tiene un sentido del humor c3ustico.

Exercises1. Esta de pesimo humor. 2. No estoy de humor para ir al cine. 3. Nodescargues sobre mi tu mal humor. 4. Verio siempre me pone de buenhumor.

ExamplesHe has bought a book of Spanishidioms.Many idioms are as necessary asthe most basic words.

Ha comprado un libra de expresio-nes espaholas.Muchos modismos son tan necesa-rios como las palabras mas basicas,

Exercises1. iEn qu6 idioma hablan? 2. Los personajes emplean el habla del lugar.3. Se pone el enfasis en el uso coloquial del idioma. 4. Habla sieteidiomas.

Examples

He ignored the stop sign.

That's what happens when you

ignore my advice.

No hizo caso de la serial de stop.

Eso te pasa por desofr mis consejos.

Exercises1. Ignoran las causas del accidente. 2. Le aconseje que no fuera, perono me hizo ni caso. 3. Fingio desconocer su nombre. 4. Ignorti total-mente mi presencia. 5. Ignoraba que estuviera enfermo.

» ExamplesShe's under the illusion that oneday he'll come back.He had no illusions about his newboss.She's under the illusion that they'llpay for it.The mirrors gave the illusion thatthe room was larger.

Abriga la ilusion de que algun diaelvolverci.No se hacia muchas ilusionesrespecto al nuevojefe.Se hace ilusiones de que pagaranporello.Los espejos daban la impresion deque la habitacion era m3s grande.

Exercises1. No te hagas ilusiones, hay muchos candidates. 2. Te hace ilusion irde vacaciones? 3. Me hace mucha ilusion que venga. 4. La llamti con lailusion de que aceptaria verle. 5. Perdio la ilusion por los viajes.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 77

Wrong

Wrong

Wrong

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illustrated

He's a very illus-trated person - hehas travelled allover the world.

Right

He's a very cul-tured person - hehas travelled allover the world.

Comment

Illustrated significa ilustrado = con di-bujos, fotograffas, etc. No significa ilus-trado = culto, erudito, instruido, quese traduce por learned.

immaterial

Right

It's immaterialto me whetheryou do it or not.

Comment

Immaterial puede significar inmaterial= intangible. Pero su acepcioYi primor-dial es irrelevante, sin importancia.

import

Wrong

If it's good quality,the price doesn'timport.

Right

If it's good qual-ity, the pricedoesn't matter.

Comment

To import significa importer (de un paisextranjero). No significa importar = te-ner importancia, que se traduce por tomatter; ni importar = molestar, que setraduce por to mind.

..>,

inadequate

The clothes he "wore were -inadequate fora wedding.

J- -, ». rj ..<*. w *J-?~

289

Right

The clothes hewore wereunsuitable fora wedding.

Comment

Inadequate significa insuficiente. No sig-nifica inadecuado = inapropiado, que setraduce por inappropriate, unsuitable.

ExamplesThe results must be illustratedwith diagrams.

The book is lavishly illustrated.

I was looking for an illustratedguide, do you have one?

Hay que ilustrar los resultados condiagramas.

El libra esta profusamente ilustrado.

Buscaba una gufa ilustrada <>tienealguna?

Exercises

1. Su gran dedicacidn al estudio le ha convertido en una personamuy ilustrada. 2. Ha viajado por todo el mundo, es una personamuy ilustrada.

• ExamplesIt's immaterial to them whether wewin or not.The distance is immaterial.A feeling is something immaterial,as opposed to a table, which is aphysical object.

A ellos ni les va ni les viene siganamosono.

La distancia es lo de menos.Un sentimiento es algo inmaterial,frente a una mesa, que es unobjeto material.

Exercises

1. Es indiferente que saiga hoy o maiiana. 2. A mi me es indistinto.3. Para mi no tiene importancia que te quedes o no.

• Examples

The price of imported goods ishigh.

They import luxury products.

Los articulos de importation sonmuy caros.Importan articulos de lujo.

Exercises

1. No importa que sea caro si es de buena calidad. 2. ^Que importaque SI no venga? 3. No me importa volver mas tarde. 4. Lo unico queme importa es que seas feliz. 5. ^Le importarfa pasar por aquf?

ExamplesThe resources are inadequate forour needs.

We agree that the budget isinadequate.

No tenemos los recursos suf icien-tes para lo que necesitamos.

Estamos de acuerdo en que el pre-supuesto es insuficiente.

Exercises

1. Llevaba un traje inadecuado para una boda. 2. Hace cosas inade-cuadas para su edad. 3. Estejuego no es adecuado para ninos de me-nos de cinco anos. 4. Esta pelicula no me parece apropiada para ninos.

78 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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Wrong

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RightThe shed fell down The shed fellbecause it was down because itbuilt of inconsist- was built ofent materials. flimsy materials.

Comment

Inconsistent significa contradictorio,inconsecuente, inconstante. No signifi-ca inconsistente, que se traduce porflimsy, weak, insubstantial.

incorporateRight

They incorporated They sat him uphim in the bed, in the bed, soso he could take . he could takethe medecine. the medecine.

Comment

To incorporate significa incluir, incor-porar. No significa incorporate = levan-tarse, que se traduce por to sit up.

incorrect

W? onq

The young shopassistant was veryincorrect to thecustomers.

292

Right

The young shopassistant wasvery rude to thecustomers.

Comment

Incorrect significa incorrecto = errbneo. Nosignifica incorrecto = descortes, que se tra-duce por rude, impolite, discourteous.

indifferent

Wrong

You can use thiscomputer orthat one, it'sindifferent.

RightYou can use thiscomputer orthat one, it'simmaterial.

Comment

Indifferent significa indiferente = pocointeresado. Tambien significa mediocre.No significa indiferente = igual, que setraduce por immaterial.

* Examples

That is inconsistent with what they Eso no concuerda con lo que de-said at the beginning. * clararon en un principio.Everything he said was inconsistent. •' No dijo m£s que incongruencias.His game has been inconsistent this; Sujuego ha sido muy irregularseason. ; esta temporada.

Exercises1. Sus razonamientos eran bastante inconsistentes. 2. Hicimos una ca-bana con palos y ramas, pero los materiales eran demasiado inconsis-tentes y se cayo.

Examples

He included these details in hisreport.She has managed to incorporate allthese elements into the movie.

Incorpord estos detalles a su in-forme.Ha conseguido incorporar todosestos elementos en la pelfcula.

Exercises1. Se incorporti para tomar la medicina. 2. Incorporate para querespire mejor.

• Examples

She gave two incorrect answers. Dio dos respuestas incorrectas.It's an incorrect usage of the word. ; Esunusoincorrectodelapalabra.

Exercises1. Su comportamiento fue muy incorrecto. 2. Fue muy incorrecto conlas visitas.

ExamplesHe is indifferent to demonstrationsof affection.He was totally indifferent to mysuggestion.He had an indifferent singingvoice.The acting was at best indifferent,at worst indescribable.

Es indiferente a las muestras decarino.Se mostrb totalmente indiferenteante mi propuesta.Tenia una voz bastante mediocrepara cantar.La actuaciOn tuvo momentos medio-cres y otros francamente nefastos.

Exercises1. Puedes ir por ese camino o por el otro, es indiferente. 2. Te o cafe?— Me es indiferente. 3. Permanecieron indiferentes a mis suplicas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 79

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indignant |rj( 294<* —

1 consider theproposal com-pletely indignant.

Right1 consider theproposal com-pletely outrageous.

Comment

Indignant signified indignado. No signi-fica indignante, que se traduce poroutrageous.

ExamplesThe longer he waited, the moreindignant he grew.He was indignant at the suggestion.They felt indignant at receiving sucha small reward.

Cuanto mas esperaba, mas seindignaba.La sugerencia le indignti.Se indignaron al recibirtanmezquina recompense.

Exercises

1. La propuesta me parece absolutamente indignante. 2. Fue indig-nante como la trataron. 3. Se puso de pie indignada.

industry

Right

He passed theexam because ofindustry ratherthan intelligence.

Comment

Industry signified industria. Tambie'nsignified laboriosidad, diligencia, apli-cacion.

inept

RightHe criticized thegovernment'sinept handlingof the crisis.

Comment

Inept significa inepto. Tambie'n significainapropriado, torpe.

infant

Armed to theteeth, the infantstook the city in afew hours.

297

RightArmed to theteeth, the marinestook the city in afew hours.

CommentInfant significa criatura, bebe, nene. Nosignifica infante = hijo o hija del Rey,que se traduce por prince, princess; niinfante (de marina), que se traduce pormarine.

Examples

She works in the car industry.

Their industry has borne fruit.

Trabaja en la industria del auto-mbvil.Su esfuerzo ha dado fruto.

Exercises

1. El exito viene con la laboriosidad. 2. La industria del carb6n haresultado gravemente afectada.

• ExamplesShe's total ly i nept at sewi ng.He made a few inept remarks at thefuneral.

Es absolutamente inepta para coser.Hizo unos comentarios muy inopor-tunos durante el funeral.

Exercises

1. Sus intentos de atenuar la crisis eran totalmente inapropriados.2. Eres inepto para la cocina, mejor sera que te dediques a otra cosa.

1 Examples

He spoke about the immunity theinfant acquires from the mother'smilk.

Habld de la inmunidad que el re-cien nacido adquiere con la lechematema.

Exercises

1. Hoy en dia, cualquier nino maneja un video mejor que un adulto. 2.Armados hasta los dientes, los infantes tomaron la ciudad en pocashoras de combate.

80 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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Wrong

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infidel

•v *<" RightShe was hurt to She was hurt todiscover that her discover that herhusband was husband wasinfidel to her. unfaithful to her.

CommentInfidel es un sustantivo que significa in-fiel = impfo, hereje. No se debe confundircon el adjetivo infiel = que actiia condeslealtad, que se traduce por unfaithful.

informal

Wrong

You can't trusthim to do any-thing right, he'stoo informal.

RightYou can't trusthim to do any-thing right, he'stoo unreliable.

Comment

Informal significa sin protocolo. No sig-nifica informal = incumplidor, que setraduce por unreliable.

ExamplesThe King's troops set sail to fightagainst the infidels.

The Muslims call the Christiansand the Jews infidels.

Las tropas del rey se hicieron a lamar para luchar contra los pue-blos infieles.Los musulmanes llaman infieles alos cristianos y a losjudios.

Exercises1. Se sintiO muy dolido al descubrir que le era infiel. 2. No fue leal ala causa. 3. Su esposo le ha sido infiel. 4. Es infiel a sus creenciasreligiosas.

• Examples

It's an informal meeting.Most people were wearing informaldress.

Esuna reunion informal.La mayoria de la gente llevaba ropainformal.

Exercises1. Es muy informal. 2. Un estudiante informal no entrega nunca sustrabajos a tiempo. 3. Estoy convencido de que llegara tarde pues esuna persona muy informal.

ingenuity

W'Ot.cj • Right

She answered his She answered hisquestion with question withchildish ingenuity. childish naivety.

Comment

Ingenuity significa ingenio, inventiva,ingeniosidad. No significa ingenuidad, quese traduce por naivety, ingenuousness.

Examples

Her ingenuity made her stand out.Wren displayed great ingenuity inthe construction of steeples.

Destacaba por su ingenio.Wren mostrti gran inventiva enla construction de campanarios.

Exercises1. Tiene tanta ingenuidad, que es demasiado confiado y nunca piensamal de nadie. 2. Tiene una ingenuidad que es una delicia.

inhabitable

The damp and thecold make thehouse inhabitable.

RightThe damp andthe cold makethe house unin-habitable.

Comment

Inhabitable significa habitable. No sig-nifica inhabitable, que se traduce poruninhabitable.

• ExamplesThere is no water here, so theregion isn't inhabitable.When the room has been cleanedup and painted, it'll be inhabitableagain.

No hay agua aqui, por tanto, laregitin noes habitable.Despues de limpiar bien la habita-tion y pintarla, de nuevo serahabitable.

Exercises1. Esa casa ha sido declarada inhabitable. 2. La humedad y el friohacian la casa inhabitable.

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injury

RightEverything the Everything thewitness said was witness said wasinjuries and lies. insults and lies.

Comment

Injury significa herida, Iesi6n No signi-fica injuria, que se traduce por insult,slander.

ExamplesHis injury rules him out fortomorrow's game.He's recovering from (an) injury.He had severe internal injuries.

Su lesion lo excluye del encuentrode manana.Estci recuperSndose de una lesion.Sufria graves lesiones internas.

Exercises1. Todo lo que el testigo dijo en eljuicio fueron injurias y mentiras.2. Se querelld contra ella por injuria.

RightThe air in this The air in thisroom is insane, ^ room is unhealthy,it's full of smoke, it's full of smoke.

Comment

Insane significa s6lo loco, insensato.No significa insano = perjudicial parala salud, que se traduce por unhealthy.

ExamplesHave you-gone insane?She's driving us insane with thatmusic.It's an insane idea.

,-Te has vuelto loco?Nos esta volviendo locos con esamusica.Esunalocura.

Exercises1. Fumar es un habito insano. 2. La isla tiene un clima insano. 3. Elaire que respiras en esta habitacitin es insano, esta lleno de humo.

inspire

RightThe doctor The doctorlistened as the listened as thepatient inspired patient breathedand expired. in and out.

Comment

To inspire significa inspirar = infundirideas o sentimientos. No significa ins-pirar = inhalar, aspirar, que se traducepor to breathe in, to inhale.

ExamplesShe doesn't inspire much enthusiasm inthe pupils.His example inspired me to try it myself.She was inspired by an ancient legend.He is a person who inspires me withconfidence.

No inspira mucho entusiasmoen el alumnado.Su ejemplo me animo a intentarlo.Se inspire en una vieja leyenda.Es una persona que me inspiraconfianza.

Exercises1. Para quitarte el hipo, inspira profundamente y suelta el aire despacio. 2.El medico auscultaba al paciente mientras 6ste inspiraba y espiraba aire.

RightHe submitted awritten request |to the manager. •

He submitted awritten instanceto the manager.

Comment

Instance significa ejemplo, caso. No sig-nifica instancia, que se traduce por offi-cial request, application o moment,happening. Notese: en ultima instancia= as a last resort.

» Examples• There have been several instances

of discrimination.In this instance I am prepared tooverlook your behaviour.Alan, for instance, isn't forty yet.

Ha habido varios casos de discrimi-nation.En este caso, estoy dispuesto apasar por alto tu comportamiento.Alan, por ejemplo, tiene menos decuarenta afios.

Exercises1. Elevd una instancia a la autoridad competente. 2. Tuvo que presenteruna instancia al director. 3. Fueron mementos decisivos en nuestrahistoria 4. En ultima instancia podrfamos vender el coche.

82 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

Wrong

insane

instance

Wrong

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, RightDon't give up, in- * Don't give up,tend again! try again!

Comment

To intend to do something significa pen-sar hacer o tener intencitin de haceralgo. No significa intentar, que se tradu-ce por to try.

• ExamplesI don't know what he intends to do.What do you intend to do about it?I intend to go abroad next year.

Do you intend to tell her?

No s6 qu£ piensa hacer.,/,Que piensas hacer al respecto?Tengo intenciones de viajar alextranjero el ano que viene.^Piensas decirselo?

Exercises1. jNo te des por vencido, intentalo otra vez! 2. Intentare convencerle.3. Ni siquiera se toma el trabajo de intentar hacerlo bien. 4. Tenia inten-tion de terminarlo anoche, pero me distraje haciendo otras cosas.

intervene

Wrong RightHe never inter- ^ He never takes s

venes in the semi- part in the semi- ~nars we organize. nars we organize.

Comment "

To intervene significa intervenir = me-diar, involucrarse, inmiscuirse. Tambiensignifica transcurrir (el tiempo) y sobre-venir (un acontecimiento). No significaintervenir = tomar parte, que se traducepor to take part; ni intervenir = operar,que se traduce por to operate.

WrongSome of theneighbours wereintoxicated bythe gas.

RightSome of theneighbours werepoisoned by thegas.

Comment

Intoxicated significa borracho, ebrio. Nosignifica intoxicado, que se traduce porpoisoned.

• ExamplesHe i ntervened with the authorities .,on our behalf. |We do not intend to intervene in the *internal affairs of other countries.

One year intervened before we metagain. -We would have finished if Christmas had not intervened.

Intervino ante las autoridades anuestro favor.No pensamos i nterven i r en losproblemas internes de otros pafses.Transcurriti un ano antes de que nosvolvieYamos a ver.Habriamosterminadosi lasNavidadesno se hubieran puesto por medio.

Exercises1. No quiso intervenir en la discusion. 2 Mi clase no interviene en elespectaculo. 3. Iba a continuar, pero son6 la campana. 4. Fue interve-nido en una clfnica privada. 5. Nunca interviene en los seminaries queorganizamos.

1

Wrong Right :He intimated the hi- He called on the hi- "

jackers to surrender. : jackers to surrender.

Comment

To intimate something to somebody signifi-ca insinuarle o darle a entender algo a al-iguien. No significa intimar, que se traduce ponto become close o to call on.

* Examples

He intimated that he wouldretire in May.They intimated that it mightbe possible in the future.

Dio a entender (insinuo) que sejubilariaenmayo.Dieron a entender que podria serposibleenelfuturo.

Exercises1. Les intimti a la rendition. 2. Le intimti a que moderase sus pala-bras. 3. Nunca llegamos a intimar.

' ExamplesIt was quite obvious that she was |intoxicated. |He felt intoxicated by his triumph. .,He was so intoxicated he couldn'twalk in a straight line.She was intoxicated with happiness. „

Se veia claramente que estaba bo-rracha.Estaba embriagado por el triunfo.Estaba tan borracho que no podiacaminarenlinearecta.Estaba ebriadefelicidad.

. - . ' . ' *

Exercises1. Cuando se produjo el escape de gas, algunos vecinos se intoxicaron.2. Se intoxicti comiendo setas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 83

intend

Wrong

intoxicated

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intoxication tv\hr.M: RightThere has been There has beenanother case of another case offood intoxication, food poisoning.

Comment

Intoxication signified embriaguez. Nosignifica intoxication, que se traduce porpoisoning, food poisoning.

Examples

Prosecutions for driving in astate of intoxication have fallen.

Given his state of intoxication,he'd better not take the car.

Ha disminuido el numero deprocesamientos por conducir enestado de embriaguez.Dada su embriaguez, es mejor queno cpja el coche.

Exercises1. Ha vuelto a cundir el panico con otro caso de intoxicacidn. 2. Laintoxicacion por plomo puede ser mortal.

introduce

WrongHe presented meto all the mem-bers of the team.

RightHe introducedme to all themembers of theteam.

Comment

To introduce significa introducir = me-ter o iniciar. Tambien significa presen-tar (una persona a otra).

Examples

I don't think we've been introduced. Me parece que no nos ban presen-The tube is introduced into the lung. tado.

El tubo se introduce en el pulm6n.Se presents como el doctor James.

• El gobierno introdujo nuevas me-didas.

He introduced himself as DoctorJames.The government introduced newmeasures.

Exercises1. Le presentt a John. 2. Introdujeron nuevos sistemas de cultivo en laregion. 3. Permitame que le presente a mi esposa. 4. Cuando nos pre-sentaron, me bes6 la mano.

WrongThey inverted alltheir money onthe stock market.

RightThey investedall their moneyon the stockmarket.

Comment

To invert significa invertir = colocar unacosa en sentido contrario. No significainvertir (dinero o tiempo en algo), quese traduce por to invest.

RightHe is invidious of He is envious ofhis brother's sue- his brother'scess. success.

CommentInvidious significa ingrato, odioso, in-

justo. No significa envidioso, que se tra-duce por envious, jealous.

Examples

If you invert the order of thenumbers you're adding up, theresult is the same.The subject and the verb areinverted.

Si inviertes el orden de los nume-ros que sumas, el resultado es elmismo.Se invierten el sujeto y el verbo.

Exercises1. Inviltieron en bolsa. 2. Invirtid muchas horas en escribirlo. 3. Invir-tio dos millones en bonos del tesoro. 4. Invertimos en el futuro.

Examples

The role of a reviewer can be aninvidious one.He had the invidious task ofchoosing between them.

El papel del critico puede resultarmuy poco gratoLe correspond^ la ingrata tareadeelegirentreellos.

Exercises1. Te estuvo bien empleado, por envidioso. 2. Tiene envidia de suhermano.

84 EDITORIAL STANLEY

invidious

Wrong

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involve

WrongHe asked theshop assistant toinvolve the gifts.

RightHe asked theshop assistant towrap the gifts.

CommentTo involve significa envolver = involu-crar. Tambien significa suponer, conlle-var; meter; afectar. No significa envol-ver (un paquete, un regalo, etc), quese traduce por to wrap.

^Supone algun riesgo?No me metas en tus discusiones.Trataron de involucrarle en elasunto.Esto nos afecta a todos.^En que consiste exactamente tutrabajo?

WrongThey gave him agold watch on theoccasion of hisjubilation.

CommentJubilation significa jubilo. No significa jubila-

RightThey gave him agold watch onthe occasion ofhis retirement.

• ExamplesDoes it involve any risks?Don't involve me in your arguments.They tried to involve him in theaffair.This involves all of us.What exactly does your workinvolve?

Exercises ]1. Pasfj toda la noche envolviendo los regalos. 2. Envolviti al nino en una \manta. 3. Se lo envuelvo? 4. Se envolviti en la manta y se durmio. \

ExamplesThey were received with greatjubilation.

Fueron recibidos con grandesmanifestaciones dejubilo.

Exercises1. Conviene hacer planes de cara a lajubilacion. 2. Le regalaron un

cion, que se traduce por retirement; pension. I relqj con motive de sujubilacion.

RightThey've moved They've movedthe junta until the meetingnext week. until next week.

n *., **• ^A^*- -i *, I

CommentJunta significa solamente junta militar.No significa reunion, que se traduce pormeeting; ni grupo de direccibn, quese traduce por board, committee. Note-se: junta directiva = board of directors.

Examples

The country was governed by ajunta.

Unajunta militar gobernaba elpais.

Exercises I1. Esto se tratara" en la reunitin de la junta directiva. 2. Su propuestajrecibio" la censura del resto de la junta. 3. La junta de vecinos tendria]lugar esta tarde. 4. Han trasladado lajunta a la proxima semana. i

labour 317 I

Wrong"Now," said Grannyabsentmindedly,"where have I put imy labour?"

^ t*^1 «e^?fe * **, *"*• * ** "*-

Right t"Now," said Granny :;absentmindedly, •;"where have 1 put |my sewing?" |i >. a* t •W*M\MhMa**4HX

Comment

Labour significa labor = trabajo, tarea. Nosignifica labor = cosido, bordado, que setraduce por needlework, embroidery, sewingo (de punto) knitting. Tampoco significa la-bor (con el arado), que se traduce porploughing (UK), plowing (US).

• ExamplesThisjob involves hard manuallabour.It's a labour market characterizedby multiplejob-holding and theblack economy.We are worried about the laboursituation.

«tj

Exercises1. ,D6nde he puesto mi labor? 2. Esta tierra hay que labrarla antes}de sembrar. 3. Le condenaron a cuatro afios de trabajos forzados.

Este trabajo conlleva un granesfuerzo f isico.Es un mercado laboral caracteri-zado por el pluriempleoy laeconomia sumergida.Estamos preocupados por lasituacidn laboral.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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juntaWrong

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Wrong

It's quite a largefilm.

Right

It's quite a longfilm.

Comment

Large significa grande. No significa largo, jque se traduce por long.

Wrong

My hobbiesinclude music,cinema andlecture.

Right

My hobbiesinclude music,cinema andreading.

CommentLecture significa conferencia. No signi-fica lectura, que se traduce por reading.

Wrong

I bought thosebooks in a sec-ond-hand library.

Right

I bought thosebooks in a sec-ond-hand book-shop.

Comment

Library significa biblioteca. No significalibreria, que se traduce por bookshop obookcase (mueble).

Wrong

I'm going downto the premisesfor a beer and agame of darts.

Right

I'm going downto the local for abeer and a gameof darts.

CommentEn ing 16s a local significa una persona quevive en una local idad determinada o unbar del barrio (UK). No significa local =general, que se traduce por premises.

Es demasiado grande para esta habitation, fEl proyecto se planificO a gran escala. f

Cuenta con una considerable fortuna \personal. |Tiene la nariz grande. J

> ExamplesIt's too large for this room.The project was plannedon a large scale.She has a large personalfortune.She has a large nose.

Exercises |1. Para trayectos largos, prefiero tomar el tren. 2. El abrigo te esta" |largo. 3. Nos hizo una larga visita. 4. Es una pelfcula bastante larga. c

• ExamplesDid he attend the lecture?

The lecture helped to clarify acomplex subject.

The lecture was preceded by a shortfilm about the war.

,-AsistiO a la conferencia?La conferencia ayudO a clarificarun tema complejo.

Un cortometraje sobre la guerraprecediO a la conferencia.

Exercises |1. Es muy aficionada a la lectura. 2. Los peritidicos les proporcionaban ibastante material de lectura. 3. Estaba demasiado absorta en la lectura ipara ofrnos. |

ExamplesThe school library has a goodselection of books.Please refrain from talking inthe library.

Building the new library is ahuge undertaking.

La biblioteca del colegio tiene unabuena selection de libros.

Se ruega no hablar en la biblioteca.

La construction de la nueva bibliotecaes una empresa de mucha envergadura.

Exercises

1. Hay una libreria en el pueblo. 2. Lo compre" en una tienda de librosde segunda mano. 3. La biblioteca es el edificio que esta enfrente delayuntamiento.

ExamplesThe locals say it's true.

The locals are fighting the plan.

He's not a local.I'm meeting her in our local.

Los del lugar dicen que es verdad.

Los vecinos estan luchando contrael plan.

Noesdeaqui (odealli).Me voy a encontrar con el la en elbar de nuestro barrio.

Exercises1. Para mayor information dirijanse a nuestros locales en la calle Aduana.2. Aseguraron el local contra robo. 3. Le pregunte" a una persona delpueblo. 4. Se han mudado a un nuevo local.

86 EDITORIAL STANLEY

large

lecture

library

local

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Wrong ' RightThe purpose of The purpose of jpornography is to pornography is *provoke luxury. to provoke lust. ^

Comment |Luxury significa lujo. No significa lujuria,que se traduce por lust.

ExamplesShe was unaccustomed to suchluxury.

We can't afford such luxuries.

No estaba acostumbrada a tantolujo.No nos podemos permitir esos lujos.

Exercises1. La lujuria es uno de los siete pecados capitales. 2. La lujuria quesentia cuando veia a aquella mujer le quitaba el sueiio.

-. » V, vl ,-,

manifestation

Wrong

There were protestmanifestations allover the country.

' " ~ x "'

^^KS]Right *

There were protestdemonstrations all iover the country. ^

, i 3, „ H, _, * »-**»„!«», ^**5, «t ^ <«,-«»

* Examples

It was a manifestation of their 'having been uprooted from their ;cultural environment. !

J«..,v V v\

Era una manifestaci6nrraigo cultural.

Comment •

Manifestation significa manifestation •= expresibn, indicio (aunque para esta3acepcion generalmente usaran sign). No sig- *nifica manifestation (para protestar),que se traduce por demonstration. Tampo- *co significa manifestacibn = declaration,que se traduce por statement, comment. |

Wrong Right iHe joined the He joined the *marine because ; navy because he *he wanted to see wanted to seethe world. the world. *

Comment •:El sustantivo marine significa infante demarina. No significa marine, que se tra- iduce por sailor; ni marina, que se tradu- "ce por navy. I

marmalade

Wrong

The boy hadstrawberrymarmalade allover his face.

325

1 Right

? The boy had1 strawberryjam1 all over his face.

1

Comment |Marmalade significa mermelada de na- |ranja. No significa mermelada de otras ifrutas, que se traduce por jam. 1

It's one of the first manifestationsof the disease.

Es una de las primeras manifesta-ciones de la enfermedad.

Exercises1. Sus manifestaciones en televisitin fueron muy poiemicas. 2. Hubomanifestaciones de protesta a lo largo y ancho del pafs. 3. No estamosde acuerdo con las manifestaciones que hizo a la prensa. 4. La mani-festacion fue muy pacifica. 5. Miles de personas acudieron para asistira la manifestacion.

ExamplesMy cousin is in the Marines. 1 Mi primo esta en infanteria de

marina..w*«ip««g»«w^ rf

Exercisesl.Sealisto en la marina. 2. Su padre fue marino. 3. Sin/id en la marinadurante tres anos.

ExamplesHe found a bit of glass in themarmalade.

This marmalade is home-made.

Encontrti un trocito de cristal en lamermelada denaranja.

Esta mermelada de naranja es deelaboration casera.

Exercises1. Habia embadurnado de mermelada de fresa el mantel. 2. Todos losdias desayuno una barrita de pan con mantequilla y mermelada deruibarbo.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 87

luxury

marine

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Wrong RightIt was impossible 1 It was impossibleto identify the J to identify therobber because I robber because ofof his mascara. I his mask.

*&»•««-•* .> *v

CommentMascara significa rfmel. No significa m&s-cara, que se traduce por mask.

Wrong

There's no harmin drinking ifyou do it withmeasure.

Right

There's no harmin drinking ifyou do it inmoderation.

CommentMeasure significa medida. No significamesura, que se traduce por moderation,restraint.

miserable

Wrong

He acted in amiserable, unscru-pulous manner.

RightHe acted in awicked, unscru-pulous manner.

CommentMiserable significa triste, abatido, des-consolado, deprimente, pobre, mezqui-no. No significa miserable = malvado, quese traduce por wicked, evil.

Wrong

The U.S. is a richcountry, yet 40million Americanslive in misery.

RightThe U.S. is a richcountry, yet 40million Americanslive in poverty.

CommentMisery significa sufrimiento, afliccitin,angustia. No significa miseria, que se tra-duce por poverty o misfortune. Ntitese: unamiseria = a pittance, chicken feed.

ExamplesShe had a smudge of mascara onher nose.

Tenfa una mancha de rfmel en lanariz.

Exercises1. Llevaba una mascara para no aspirar el polvo mientras lijaba la ma-dera. 2. Bajo esa mascara de bondad se esconden malas intenciones.

Examples

He declared himself in favour ofthe measure.The government is takingmeasures to end the confI ict.This measure will penalize theold and infirm.He had it made to measure.

Se pronunci6 a favor de la medida.

El gobierno esta tomando medidaspara poner fin al conflicto.Esta medida perjudicara a la gentemayor y a los enfermos.Se lo mand6 hacer a medida.

Exercises1. No esta mal que bebas si lo haces con mesura. 2. La oposicitinarguyti en contra de la medida. 3. No tiene control a la hora de gastardinero.

^Por qufi estas tan abatido?Le pagan un sueldo miserable.Tuvimos un tiempo fatal toda la semana.Los naufragos presentaban un aspecto ;lastimoso. !

Exercises1. Actu6 de manera miserable y sin escrupulos. 2. Unos miserablescabrones le robaron todo lo que tenfa.

' ExamplesWhat are you so miserable about? '•He's paid a miserable wage.We had miserable weather all week.The shipwrecked sailors lookedmiserable.

Examples

No one can describe the unspeakablemisery that drugs cause.That son of hers made her life amisery.

Nadie puede describir la indeciblemiseria de la droga.Aquel hijo hizo de su vida uncalvario.

Exercises1. Vive sumido en la mas absoluta miseria. 2. Le pagan una miseria.3. En la autobiografia cuenta todas sus miserias. 4. En este pais siguehabiendo mucha pobreza. 5. Me dio una miseria por el coche.

88 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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measure

misery

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modest

RightShe was wearinga very modestbathing costume.

Comment

Modest significa modesto. Tambi6n signi-fica pudoroso, pudico, recatado. :

Examples

She's very modest about her musi- j • Es muy modesta en cuanto a suscal talents. $ dotes musicales.She's a very modest young woman | Es una chica muy pudorosa queja-who never undresses in front of hergirlfriends.

m3s se desnuda delante de suscompaneras.

Exercises 11. Su hogar es modesto pero c6modo. 2. Llevaba un bafiador muy *pudico.

molest

I'm going to takea nap, don't letanybody molest

RightI'm going to takea nap, don't letanybody disturb

me. me.

CommentTo molest significa abusar sexualmente.No significa molestar = importunar, in-terrumpir, que se traduce por to bother,to disturb.

• Examples

She had killed a man who wasmolesting her.You are lucky you did not molestthat poor girl or I'd put youbehind bars for life.

Habia matado a un hombre que laestaba agrediendo sexualmente.Menos mal que Ud no agreditisexualmente a esa pobre chica,porque si no, le habria condenadoacadenaperpetua.

Exercises1. Perdone que le moleste, pero quisiera pedirle algo. 2. Este senor laesta molestando, senorita? 3. No la molestes, esta" estudiando. 4. Queno me moleste nadie, voy a dormir un rato.

WrongWe needed somegood news to liftour moral.

RightWe needed somegood news to liftour morale.

Comment

El sustantivo moral significa moraleja. Nosignifica moral, que se traduce por morale.N6tese: la moralidad se traduce por morals.

Wrong

Cash-flow prob-lems are causedby customerswho are morose.

RightCash-flow prob-lems are caused bycustomers who areslow to pay up.

Comment I

Morose significa malhumorado, hosco, ta-citurno. No significa moroso, que se tradu- ^ce por slow, sluggish, o slow to pay up.

Examples

It's a story with a moral.She tried to find a moral in thestory.The moral of the story is: neverbelieve anything he tells you.

Es un cuento con moraleja.Tratti de sacar una moraleja delcuento.Moraleja: nunca creas lo que tediga.

Exercises1. La noticia le subiti la moral. 2. La moral del equipo esta por lossuelos. 3. Nos levantti muchfsimo la moral. 4. ,KJui6n eres tu paracriticar la moralidad de lajuventud hoy en dia?

^: Miraba a la pared, con aire de estar i| malhumorado. \t Siempre esta de mal humor por laI manana. ;

• Examples

He stared morosely at the wall.

He's always morose in themornings.

Exercises1. Hay algunos vecinos morosos que tienen recibos de la luz sin pa-gar desde hace varies meses. 2. Es una pelfcula lenta 3. La empresa hadenunciado a los clientes morosos.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 89

Wrong

morose

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Wrong

A motoriststopped us andgave us aspeeding ticket.

Right

A motorcycle po- fI iceman stopped •us and gave us a *.speeding ticket.

Comment -f

Motorist significa automovilista, con- |ductor. No significa motorista, que se tra- |duce por motorcyclist o motorcycle |policeman.

ExamplesThe motorist tooted his horn.

It was sheer providence that apassing motorist heard her cries.

El conductor toc6 la bocina.

Fue providencial que un automo-vilista que pasaba la oyera gritar.

Exercises

1. La carrera de motos acabti cuando los motoristas llegaron a la meta.2. Un motorista nos parti y nos puso una multa por exceso de velocidad.

Right I

They're going to |move to a bigger |house in the &country. j

ExamplesHelp me move the table.We don't move in the same circles.

We moved to a house in thecountry.

Ayudame a mover la mesa.No nos movemos en los mismosambientes.Nos mudamos a una casa en elcampo.

Comment <

To move significa mover. Tambien signifi-'ca mudarse (de casa).

Exercises

1. Se mudaron a una casa ma's grande. 2. Que yo sepa, todavia no senan mudado. 3. Tengo que mudarme de aqui antes del viernes.

»N »«••» »«-»**,»•* -|p. x ., .-, * * „ „*,„ -,_»,„ j. . „ , ,

mundane mm 336 H H ^ ^ HB H HRHHHIHIil

Wrong ^ Right *

He rejected mun- He rejecteddane pleasures worldly pleasuresand went into a ': and went into amonastery. | monastery. ««*««,*,»««?*«, %JS-» **>* > vW^L,-^-. - vj-v**v

Comment

Mundane significa prosaico. No significa |mundano, que se traduce por worldly t(placeres) o world (problemas). •

• Examples

1 told him he led a mundane lifeand he got upset.It was a rather mundane subject.,,.M* ,_ «.« , , , ,^ -. „ -

Exercises

Dije que llevaba una vida prosaicaysemolest6.Era un tema bastante prosaico.

, , „ , , . ,, .

1. Rechazd los placeres mundanos y se retire a un monasterio. 2. Nohablemos de un tema tan banal.

. -

murmur 337

Wrong l Right

She should stop * She should stop ;murmuring about gossiping aboutother people and ,* other people and *mind her own - mind her ownbusiness. ' business.

• Examples

He murmured something in my ear.

The wind murmured among the

Me susurrO algo al ofdo.

El viento murmuraba entre los a>knlnc-trees.

Comment ^4

To murmur significa murmurar = hablarbajo. No significa murmurar = hablar mal,cot i Hear, que se traduce por to gossip. |

Exercises

1. No me importa que murmuren algo sobre mi. 2. El nifio murmurabaalgo en suenos. 3. Tu vecina no para de murmurar cosas por todo elbarrio.

90 EDITORIAL STANLEY

motorist

move

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negotiateWrong | RightHis father negoti- t His father dealsates with wine | in wine andand spirits. | spirits.

Comment

To negotiate significa negociar = acordar, Jtratar. No significa negociar = traficar, co-merciar, que se traduce por to deal in. |

RightHe had the nerveto ask for asalary increase.

Comment

Nerve significa nervio. Pero tambieYi signi-fica descaro, desfachatez y valor, coraje.

Examples

The government refused tonegotiate with the rebel leader.

El gobierno se negO a negociarcon el Ifder de los rebeldes.

Exercises1. Su padre negocia con vinos y licores. 2. Negocia con ropa usada.3. Se ha negociado un tratado de paz.

• ExamplesHe flinched when the dentisttouched a nerve.She had the nerve to ask for more.What a nerve, coming in like thatwithout asking!I didn't have the nerve to tell him.

Se estremeciO cuando el dentistatoc6 un nervio.Tuvo el descaro depedir mas.!Qu6 cara, entrar asi, sin pedirpermiso!No tuve valor para decirselo.

Exercises1. Tuvo la desfachatez de llamarme. 2. Tuvo el descaro de decirme quela culpa la tenfa yo. 3. Al final no tuvo el coraje de preguntaYselo.

nervous

RightThere's no needto be nervous,he won't eat you.

Comment

Nervous significa nervioso. Pero tambie~nj

significa miedoso.

Wrong

He's alwaysboasting abouthis notes in theexams.

CommentNote significa nota = apunte, mensajeo nota musical. No significa nota = ca-lif icacitin, que se traduce por grade (US),mark (UK).

RightHe's alwaysboasting abouthis marks in the

1 Examples

I'm very nervous about the exams.

No need to be nervous! it won'thurt you.I'm nervous of horses.

Estoy muy nervioso por lo de losexamenes.jNo seas miedoso! no te va a hacerdano.Me dan miedo los caballos.

Exercises1. Siempre se pone nerviosa antes de un concierto. 2. Desde el acci-dente le tiene miedo al traTico. 3. No hay por qu6 tener miedo, no teva a comer.

ExamplesYou don't need to take notes inclass.She sent me a little note sayingthat she couldn't come.The note is held over four bars.

No necesitas tomar apuntes enclase.Me mandO una notita diciendoque no podfa venir.La nota se mantiene durantecuatro compases.

Exercises1. El profesor me puso una nota muy baja. 2. Se gradu6 con la notamcis alta. 3. ^Cucil es la nota minima para aprobar? 4. Siempre estapresumiendo de sus notas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 91

nerve

note

exams.

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RightThe state radiobroadcast thenews.

WrongThe state radiobroadcast thenotice.

Comment «

Notice signified letrero, aviso, anuncio.'No signif ica noticia, que se traduce por news •o a piece of news. !

*»«

notorious

WrongHe is notoriousfor his generouscontributions tocharity.

243

1 Right y" He is well-known ': for his generous ^:; contributions to1 charity. '

Comment

Notorious significa soTo de mala fama, ;tristemente celebre. No significa notorio= bien conocido, que se traduce por well-known. Tampoco significa evidente, quefse traduce por obvious, evident. ,

' ExamplesHe attached a notice to the door.The notice said "Keep Out".Details will be posted on thenotice board.

Puso un aviso en la puerta.El letrero decia "Prohibida la entrada".Los detalles se expondra~n en el tablbnde anuncios.

Exercises1. Estaba muy afectado por la noticia. 2. No s6 c6mo cogera" la noticia.3. Pusieron el aviso en el tablOn de anuncios. 4. La emisora estataltransmitid la noticia.

Examples

She's a notorious liar.He's notoriously stupid.The team is notorious for its roughplay.

Todos la conocen por mentirosa.Tiene fama de estupido.El equipo es famoso por sujuegodura.

Exercises1. Es un hecho notorio. 2. Son dos de las figuras ma's notorias de laoposicitin. 3. Tu temor es notorio, no puedo disimularlo.

Wrong » RightThe critics predict- The critics predicta great future for J a great future forthis novel singer. 5 this new young

singer.

Comment

Novel significa original, novedoso. Nosignifica novel, que se traduce porinexperienced, unestablished, juststarting.

Wrong |She's got obscure 1brown hair and ibig obscure eyes, i

RightShe's got darkbrown hair andbig dark eyes.

Comment

Obscure significa oscuro = diffcil de vero entender, poco conocido. No significaoscuro relative a colores, tonos, etc.,que se traduce por dark.

' ExamplesIt's a novel solution, but will itwork?He has a novel way of seeingthings.

Es una solucitin novedosa, pero(jfuncionara'?Tiene una manera original de verlas cosas.

Exercises1. Para un escritor novel es diffcil publican 2. A pesar de que es unescritor novel, los criticos auguran que sera un gran artista. 3. Es unaidea original.

' ExamplesAn obscure Sicilian poet won theprize.His style is very obscure.His books are complicated becausehe uses very obscure language.

Gan6 el premio un oscuro poetasiciliano.Suestiloes muy oscuro.Sus libros son complicados porqueutiliza un lenguaje muy oscuro.

Exercises1. Son las cuatro de la tarde y ya esta oscuro. 2. Tiene los ojos oscuros.3. Resalta contra el fondo oscuro. 4. Tiene el pelo castano oscuro.

92 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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novel

obsure

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obsequious

RightI thanked him I thanked himfor being so obse- for being soquious. helpful.

Comment

Obsequious signified servil, adulador.No significa obsequioso = cortes, con-descendiente, que se traduce porobliging, helpful.

occult

WrongThey remainedoccult until thedanger hadpassed.

347

RightThey remainedhidden until thedanger hadpassed.

Comment

Occult significa misterioso, mdgico, mis-tico. No significa oculto = escondido, quese traduce por hidden, concealed, secret.

occurrenceRight

He really makes He really makesus laugh with his us laugh with hisoccurrences. witty remarks.

Comment

Occurence significa acontecimiento, su-ceso. No significa ocurrencia = comen-tario gracioso o idea disparatada, quese traduce por witticism, witty remarko crazy idea.

offence

WrongHer absence wasa calculated of-fence.

349

RightHer absence wasa calculated in-sult.

Comment

Offence significa infraccitin, delito. Nosignifica ofensa, que se traduce por insult.Notese: to give/cause offence=ofender.

• ExamplesHe's obsequious with her becausehe thinks she can help him get a

job.Your obsequious behaviour maymake you rise in the ranks but youhave no other obligation than thatof carrying out your duty.

Se comporta de una manera servilcon ella porque piensa que le pue-de ayudar a conseguir el trabajo.Es possible que te asciendan por tucomportamiento servil, pero notienes otra obligation que la decumplircontudeber.

Exercises1. Se ha mostrado muy obsequioso con nosotros, sospecho que quierealgo. 2. Nos atenditi con una obsequiosidad excesiva.

ExamplesIt was about the renewed interestin the occult.

She's dabbled in the occult.

Se trataba del renaciente internspor las ciencias ocultas.Ha hecho incursiones en el mundodel ocultismo.

Exercises1. El ladrdn estaba oculto bajo la cama. 2. Permanecieron ocultoshasta que pas6 el peligro. 3. El camino esta oculto por los arboles. 4.Tiene intenciones ocultas.

* Examples

Thunderstorms are a commonoccurrence in summer.Murders are an everyday occurrencehere.There were two separate occurrences.

Las tormentas son frecuentes enverano.Aqui los asesinatos son cosa detodos los dias.Hubo dos casos independientes.

Exercises1. Nos hace reir mucho con sus ocurrencias. 2. Se ha convertido en algocotidiano. 3. Tuvo la ocurrencia de ir a la montana sin ropa de abrigo.

> ExamplesHe committed a series of minoroffences.It is no longer a statutory offence.It was his second drunk-drivingoffence.

Cometiti una serie de delitos pocoimportantes.

Ya no esta tipificado como delito.Era la segunda vez que lo detenianpor conducir borracho.

Exercises1. Lo ha tornado como una ofensa personal. 2. Su ausencia fue unaofensa intencionada. 3. Estos examenes son una ofensa a nuestra inte-ligencia. 4. Es un delito penado con cadena perpetua.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 93

Wrong

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Wrong f Right

Several high-rank- 1 Several high-rank-!ing army officials | ing army officerswere involved inthe plot. !

Comment

were involved inthe plot.

El sustantivo official significa funciona- ^rio o dirigente (del partido/sindicato). INo significa oficial, que se traduce por fofficer. 1

officious

Wrong

He got the newsfrom an officioussouce.

Right

He got the newsfrom an unoffi-cial source.

Comment

Officious significa entrometido, man-d6n. No significa oficioso = solid to, quese traduce por diligent; ni oficioso =semi-oficial, que se traduce porunofficial, informal.

• ExamplesSeveral top-rank officials haveresigned.Union officials called themanagement proposals deplorable.

Han dimitido varies funcionariosdealtorango.

Los dirigentes sindicales calificaronde deplorables las propuestas de ladirection.

Exercises |

1. Es inaudito que un oficial se comporte asi. 2. Oficiales del ejeYcito montaron guardiajunto a la tumba. 3. Unjoven oficial la cortejaba. :*

ExamplesShe liked the older employeesbecause they were not officious.

Their request was reasonableenough, yet it met only the usualofficious bluster.

Le cafan bien los empleados mayorespor su falta de pedanteria.

Su propuesta era de lo ma's razonable,y, sin embargo, no hizo ma's que pro-vocar lajerga pomposa de siempre.

Exercises

1. Segun fuentes oficiosas, el gobierno se esta planteando adelantarlas elecciones. 2. Todavfa es una noticia oficiosa, pero parece que nosvan a subir el sueldo.

ordinary

Wrong

I never heardanybody use suchbad language—he's really veryordinary.

Comment

Ordinary significa normal, corriente, co-mun. No significa ordinario = poco refi-nado, vulgar, que se traduce por vulgar,common.

Right i

I never heard ;anybody use suchbad language—he's really very

I vulgar.

' ExamplesI'lljust wear my ordinary clothes.

It should last for years in ordinaryuse.The meal was very ordinary.

Me pondre la ropa de todos losdfas, nada especial.Si se le da un uso normal, tendriaque durar afios.La comida estuvo regular.

Exercises

1. Siempre esta" diciendo tacos, es una persona muy ordinaria. 2. Tieneuna bicicleta normal. 3. Hablar con la boca llena es propio de unapersona ordinaria. c

Wrong

The queen waswearing a chainof ore.

Right T

The queen waswearing a chain 'of gold. I

ExamplesThis mine produces a high grade 'i Esta mina produce mineral de granof ore. i calidad.

Comment

Ore significa mineral. No significa oro,se traduce por gold.

Exercises

1. Gan6 dos medallas de oro en los Juegos Olimpicos. 2. Llevaba unacadena de oro.

EDITORIAL STANLEY

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organism

Wrong j

The organism is £short of funds.

354

Right |The organization Iis short of funds. !

Comment \

Organism significa organismo = ser vivo.No significa organismo = institution, quese traduce por organization, body.

* ExamplesA bacterium is a single-cell organism.

The virus invades the whole organism.

Una bacteria es un organismounicelular.

El virus invade todo el organismo.

Exercises

1. Este asunto lo debe tratar el organismo correspondiente. 2. Es elorganismo encargado de coordinar las distintas iniciativas. 3. El orga-nismo esta falto de recursos.

ostensibleWrong

It was quiteostensible he wasannoyed. Every-one noticed it.

RightIt was quiteobvious he wasannoyed.Everyonenoticed it.

Comment

Ostensible significa aparente, supuesto.No equivale a la palabra espanola ostensi-ble, que se traduce por obvious, clear.

Examples

The ostensible reason for hisabsence was a prior engagement.She came ostensibly to help.

La supuesta raztin de su ausencia fueque tenfa un compromise previo.Vino con el pretexto de ayudar.

Exercises

1. Su enfado resultaba ostensible. 2. Hizo ostensible su desagrado.3. Cometiti un error ostensible.

RightHe's in the pub $ He's in the pub Idrowning his drowning hispains. v sorrows. ?,

Comment 1

Pain significa dolor. No significa pena, quefse traduce por sorrow, grief, pity, trouble.!

• ExamplesI've got a pain in my back. * Tengo dolor de espalda.The injection gave him relief from } Lainyecci6nlealivi6eldolor.the pain. ^

Exercises

1. Esta en el bar ahogando sus penas. 2. Es una pena que no puedasvenir. 3. Enloquecid de pena. 4. Vino a contarme sus penas.

paper

Wrong

Connery was verygood in the paperof James Bond.

357

Right

Connery was very ,good in the roleof James Bond. :

Comment

Paper significa por lo general papel. Perono significa papel = personaje, que setraduce por part, role. Tambien significaperi6dico y examen.

ExamplesThere were piles of papers on hisdesk.He always gets an evening paper.

The English exam consists of threepapers.

Habfa montones de papeles en sumesa.Siempre compra un periddico de latarde.El examen de ingles consta de trespartes.

Exercises1. Representaba el papel de Yerma. 2. Es de papel. 3. Escribe en unpapel todo lo que quieras preguntar para que no se te olvide. 4. EstSmuy bien en el papel de James Bond.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 95

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parade

WrongDuring the journeythere was a five-minute parade tochange drivers.

RightDuring the jour-ney there was afive-minute stopto change drivers.

CommentParade significa parada = desfile. No sig-nifica parada = action de parar, que setraduce por stop. N6tese: parada de au-tobus = bus stop; parada de taxis = taxirank (UK), taxi stand (US). En futbol,parada = save.

' RightHe has only three He has only threeliving parents. living relatives.

CommentParent significa padre o madre. No signi-fica pariente, que se traduce por relative,relation.

parsimony

RightHe moves with such He moves soparsimony that I'm slowly that I'msure he'll be late. sure he'll be late.

CommentParsimony significa mezquindad, excesi-va frugalidad. No significa parsimonia =calma, lentitud, que se traduce por calm,unhurried manner.

particularWrong

He's incrediblyrich, he has aparticular jet andeverything.

361

Right

He's incrediblyrich, he has aprivate jet andeverything.

Comment

Particular significa especial, concrete,determinado o exigente. No significaparticular = privado, que se traduce porprivate, individual. Notese: in particu-lar = en particular.

• ExamplesWe arrived in good time for theparade.They went to see the troops onparade.

Llegamos con tiempo de sobra parael desfile.

Fueron a ver el desfile de las tropas.

Exercises1. Hubo una parada de cinco minutos para cambiar de conductor. 2. Laacompaiiarnos hasta la parada. 3. Me bajo en la prdxima parada. 4.Durante el viaje hicimos varias paradas.

1 ExamplesI don't know his parents.She gets on well with her parents.One of his parents is French.

No conozco a sus padres.Se Neva bien con sus padres.Uno de los dos, o su padre o sumadre, es frances.

Exercises1. No tiene mas que dos parientes vivos. 2. John y yo somos parienteslejanos. 3. No es pariente mio. 4. Los familiares, llorando, seguian elataud.

ExamplesHis parsimony was legendarythroughout the film world.

She's parsimony personified.

Su tacaneria era legendaria entodo el mundo del cine.

Es la tacaneria personificada.

Exercises1. CruzC la calle con parsimonia. 2. Lo explicd con mucha parsimonia.3. Se mueve con tanta parsimonia que no creo que vaya a llegar atiempo.

• ExamplesIs there any particular style you'dprefer?Her presence invested the occasionwith particular significance.He is very particular about his food.

(•Tiene preferencia por algun estilodeterminado?Su presencia le otorgO un signifi-cado especial a la ocasiOn.Es muy exigente con las comidas.

Exercises1. Tiene helic6ptero particular. 2. Tiene un profesor particular en sudomicilio. 3. Concedemos particular importancia a la puntualidad.

96 EDITORIAL STANLEY

parent

Wrong

Wrong

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pastel

He cut anotherslice of pasteland stuck it inhis mouth.

362

RightHe cut anotherslice of cake andstuck it in hismouth.

CommentPastel se usa s6lo en arte: Idpiz para pin-tar, un color palido, etc. No significa pas-tel = dulce, que se traduce por cake, pie.

Wrong

The employeeslike him becausehe's a good pa-tron, it's as sim-ple as that.

RightThe employeeslike him becausehe's a good boss,it's as simple asthat.

CommentPatron significa cliente o mecenas. Nosignifica patron, que se traduce porlandlord, employer, boss o pattern.

peculiar

RightEverybody was

> staring at her -shewas wearing a verypeculiar hat.

•^ ^X^ "^N ^V^-i vV' ** £. ^ 8>^ **• "- -v&* V* -! v- j

CommentPeculiar significa peculiar = caracterfs-tico. Tambien significa extrano, raro, ex-centrico.

perceive

Wrong

He perceives apercentage on allthe sales.

365

Right

He gets a per- :. centage on all

the sales.

CommentTo perceive significa percibir (a traves>de los sentidos) y entender. No signifi-x

ca percibir = recibir, obtener, que se tra- *duce por to get, to receive, to earn, etc.

Examples

He often uses pastels.The bathroom is decorated inpastel colours.

Pinta a menudo al pastel.El cuarto de bano esta decoradoen tonos pastel.

Exercises1. Extienda el chocolate derretido uniformemente sobre el pastel. 2.Cogio otro trozo de pastel. 3. Dividiti el pastel en cuatro porciones.

• ExamplesPatrons of this restaurant arerequired to dress correctly.The portraits he painted offamous personalities did notalways please his patrons.

Se ruega a los clientes de este restau-rante vestirse de manera apropiada.Los retratos que pintaba de figuras fa-mosas no siempre eran del agrado desus mecenas.

Exercises1. Decidelo tu, que eres el patrrjn. 2. Trabaja como patrtin de yates degente rica. 3. Esta cortado por el mismo patrtin que todos los politi-cos. 4. Muchos protestaron contra la decisirjn patronal.

ExamplesShe was wearing a very peculiarhat.It's a plant peculiar to southernAfrica.He is a really peculiar creature.

Llevaba un sombrero de lo ma'sextrano.Es una planta que sOlo se da en elsurde Africa.Esunbichoraro.

Exercises1. Me sentfa un poco extrano. 2. jQu6 sombrero mas raro! 3. Tieneuna manera peculiar de hablar.

Examples

I could perceive a ship in thedistance.That is not how I perceive thesituation.

Percibf un barco a lo lejos.

No es asi como yo entiendo lasituacitin.

Exercises1. No percibe ningun dinero por lo que hace. 2. Ya he percibido mipaga de la semana. 3. Percibe un tanto por ciento de todas las ventas.

4. ^Que sueldo percibe en su actual empleo?

EDITORIAL STANLEY 97

Wrong

patron

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perfect

Wrong

He went to Parisfor two weeks toperfect hisFrench.

366

1 R'9nt 1^ He went to Paris |1 for two weeks to ;, improve his If French. f

Comment

To perfect significa hacer perfecto. Nosignifica perfeccionar = mejorar, que setraduce por to improve.

'

period

Wrong j

I said you're not jgoing to go, and )point. ;

!

367

t Right i: I said you're j| not going to go, |I period. II j

Comment

Period significa periodo.significa punto final.

Pero tambieYi

Wrong | RightUgh! what a hor- | Ugh! what a hor-rible pest! There's! rible smell!something rotten ? There's somethingin here. ! rotten in here.

Comment

Pest significa cualquier insecto o ani-mal danino; (persona) pesado, lata. Nosignifica peste (bubtinica), que se tra-duce por plague; ni peste = mal olor,:|ue se traduce por stench, stink.

WrongThe price of pet-rol reached fortydollars a barrel.

RightThe price of oilreached fortydollars a barrel.

Comment

En ing!6s britSnico petrol significa gaso-lina. No significa petr6leo, que se traducepor oil, petroleum.

Examples

The crawl is a difficult stroke toperfect.

El crol es un estilo muy diffcil deperf eccionar.

Exercises1. Quiero perfeccionar mi aleman. 2. Se ha ido a Francia a perfeccionarel francos.

Pasa largos periodos fuera en via-jes de negocios.

Estuvieron allf durante un periodode cuatro aiios.

Pon un punto al final para marcarque se acaba la frase.

Exercises |1. El punto indica el fin de una frase. 2. He dicho que no, y punto. f

ExamplesShe is away on business for longperiods.

They were there for a period offour years.

Put the period at the end to markthe end of the sentence.

Examples

Squirrels are considered to be apest.Stop being such a pest!

Las ardillas son consideradas unaplaga.

j No seas tan pesado!

Exercises s

I.Huyodeeicomode la peste. 2. La casa apestaba a comida podrida. f3. jllf! jqu£ peste! 4. jQu6 nino ma's movido!, no me ha dejado des- icansar ni un momento. I

*W*!« ^

Nos quedamos sin gasolina.

Hemos conseguido reducir el consumede gasolina.El dep6sito estaba perdiendo gasolina.

' Examples

We ran out of petrol.

We managed to cut down onpetrol consumption.The tank was leaking petrol.

Exercises1. El precio del petrOleo alcanzb los 40 ddlares por barri1.2. Paramos aechar gasolina. 3. El pais se autoabastece de petrdleo.

98 EDITORIAL STANLEY

petrol

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Wrong

He's a petulant guy,I mean he reallyhas a high opinionof himself.

RightHe's a conceited guy,I mean he really hasa high opinion ofhimself.

CommentPetulant signified irascible, de mal genio,impaciente. No significa petulante, que se tra-duce por smug, conceited, self-satisfied.

ExamplesHe became petulant becausehe couldn't get his way.I'm not coming, he snappedpetulantly.

Se enfurrufid porque no se pudosalirconlasuya.Yo no voy —dijo enfurrunado.

Exercises1. No eres ma's que un presumido muy petulante. 2. Es un tiopetulante, se cree que no existe nadie tan bueno como el.

v. » w %0-w •piwufv'i.4tMMMMMtMMn««>*•> i»- « • * " • - • v . - v * '

Wrong

She pinched herfinger with theneedle and a spotof blood appeared.

Right

She pricked herfinger with theneedle and a spotof blood appeared.

Examples

She pinched his cheek.Someone has pinched my wallet.

Comment

To pinch significa pellizcar; robar. No significapinchar, que se traduce por to prick; to burst,to puncture (una rueda); to give an injection.

Lepellizctilamejilla.Me han soplado la cartera.

Exercises1. Cuidado, te vas a pinchar con la aguja. 2. Se nos pinch6 unarueda. 3. No Ilor6 cuando el medico la pinchti. 4. Pincharon lascuatro ruedas.

plausibleWrong t

She deserves ^only praise; her ,behaviour was fmost plausible. 1

372

Right |She deserves only |praise; her behav- ,iour was most |commendable. |

Comment

Plausible significa verosimil, admisible,convincente. No significa plausible =loable, que se traduce por commendable,praiseworthy.

Examples

That doesn't sound very plausibletome.His story sounded so plausiblethat I fell for it.

Eso no me parece muy convincente.

Su explicacitin me pareciti tan con-vincente que me la trague.

Exercises1. Tuvo un comportamiento plausible. 2. Su eficacia es muy plausible.3. Su coartada parece bastante verosimil.

RightHe gets extrapay for workingat night.

Wrong

He gets a plusfor working atnight.

ia:f,K!,^:A~&:f:-f.»

CommentEl sustantivo plus significa una ventaja,;un punto a favor. No significa plus = gra- [tif icacitin, sobresueldo, que se traduce por \bonus, extra pay. Notese: plus de peli-grosidad = danger money.

Es una gran ventaja que la casaeste tan cerca de la estacitin.Son ma's los pros que los contras.

Examples

It's a big plus that the house isclose to the station.The pluses outweigh the minuses.

Exercises1. Le dan un plus de nocturnidad. 2. Cobra un plus de peligrosidad. 3.El hecho de que el colegio este cerca es una gran ventaja. 4. Cobra unplus por estar disponible para emergencias.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 99

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[policy

Wrong

Mrs Clintonentered policieswhen she wasstill very young.

374

Right

Mrs Clintonentered politicswhen she wasstill very young.

Comment

Policy significa pdliza y politica = tac-tica. No significa polltica = actividadpublica, que se traduce por politics.

ExamplesThe period of validity is stated inthe policy.This government has no wagepolicy.He refused to associate himselfwith their policies.He pursues a monetarist policy.

El plazo de validez figura en lapdliza.Este gobierno no tiene una pollticasalarial.No quiso verse vinculado a suspolfticas.Sigue una polftica monetarista.

Exercises1. IniciC su carrera polltica siendo aun muyjoven. 2. La polltica acabtidesilusionandome por completo. 3. Podemos adaptar la pdliza a suscircunstancias personales. 4. En polltica de lo que se trata es de con-veneer a la gente.

, RightMan is a politic Man is a politicalanimal. animal.

Comment

Politic significa diplomStico o pruden-te. No significa politico, que se traducepor political.

ponder

Wrong

The criticsunanimouslypondered thefilm, pronouncingit a classic.

376

RightThe criticsunanimouslyacclaimed thefilm, pronouncingit a classic.

*

Comment

To ponder significa considerar, exami-nar con cuidado. No significa ponderar= elogiar, que se traduce por to acclaim.

porter

Right: I looked for a porter• to take the luggage

to the train.

Comment

To porter significa portero (que cuida yvigila un edificio). Tambien significamozo de estacibn.

• ExamplesIt would not be politic to refuse.It would be politic to follow theiradvice.Leaving the meeting was hardlypolitic.

No seria prudente negarnos.Te convendria seguir sus consejos.

Que se fuera de la reunion fue muypoco diploma~tico.

Exercises

1. Lo analizaron desde el punto de vista politico. 2. El hombre es unanimal politico. 3. Estci afiliado a un partido politico?

Examples

I'm pondering the possibility ofbuy ing a car.

We're pondering over what weshould do now.

Estoy considerando la posibilidadde comprar un coche.Estamos considerando qu6 es loque deberiamos hacer ahora.

Exercises

1. Ponderaron mucho su novela. 2. Ponderalo bien antes de decidirte. 3.La critica pondero unanimemente la calidad fotogrcifica de la pelicula.

ExamplesThe porter was loaded down withsuitcases.We got upstairs without the porternoticing.

El mozo i ba cargado de maletas.

Subimos sin que se diera cuentael portero.

Exercises1. El mozo llevd el equipaje al tren. 2. El portero controlaba las entra-dasysalidas.

100 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Wrong

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practice

RightAs a lawyer, your firstpriority is to build upyour practice.

Comment

Practice significa prtctica. Tambie'n sig-nifica clientela = la consulta de unmedico o el bufete de un abogado.

• ExamplesFluency comes through practice.The practice has grown since lastyear.This is a very large practice.

Exercises1. Se ha creado este bufete a base de esfuerzo y trabajo. 2. La pra"ctica*hace al maestro. 3. Ha decidido instalar una consulta. •

La fluidez se adquiere con la pra~ctica.Tenemos m3s clientela que el anopasado.Es una consulta muy grande

RightI didn't see a doctor I didn't see a—a practicioner doctor —a medi-gave me the injec- cal assistant gavetion. me the injection.

Comment

Practitioner significa medico o por lo ge-neral profesional. No significa practican-te, que se traduce por medical assistant,nursing auxiliary.

RightDo not use this Do not use this *product if the product if the £precinct has seal has been ibeen removed. , removed. ^

CommentPrecinct significa zona comercial o dis-1trito policial (US). TambieYi significa IKmites. No significa precinto, que se tradu- ^ce por seal. 1

precious

The cherry bios-som is preciousthis year.

RightThe cherry blos-som is beautifulthis year.

Comment

Precious significa precioso = valiosisi-mo o querido. No significa precioso =bonito, que se traduce por lovely,beautiful, gorgeous.

• Examples

He is my general practitioner (GP).It isn't necessary for you to see aspecialist; your general practitionerwill do.

Es mi medico de cabecera.No es precise que Names al espe-cialista; basta que lo vea su medi-co de cabecera.

Exercises1. El practicante me puso las inyecciones que me habia recetado elmedico. 2. Ha ido al practicante para que le pusiera una vacuna.

Estan construyendo una nuevazona comercial.Steve Carerra trabaja en el distritopolicial 87.

* ExamplesThey are building a new shopping s

precinct. tSteve Carerra works i n the 87th ~precinct. |

«S" \*

Exercises1. Advertencia: no consumir si el precinto estci roto. 2. Lo siento, no lepuedo cambiar este software porque le ha quitado el precinto. 3. Cadavotante tiene que ir a votar al distrito electoral indicado.

• ExamplesCapture those precious momentswith your camera.We're wasting precious time.

This watch is very precious to me.

Capte esos mementos tan preciadoscon su camara fotograTica.Estamos perdiendo un tiempoprecioso.Este reloj me es muy querido.

Exercises i1. Fue una boda preciosa. 2. Tiene una sonrisa preciosa. 3. Las flores ide los cerezos estan preciosas este ano. 4. Eran tratantes de piedras {preciosas.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 101

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precise 382

WrongDon't worry, I'lldo whatever isprecise.

RightDon't worry, I'lldo whatever isnecessary.

Comment

Precise significa precise = exacto, deta-llado. No significa precise = necesario,que se traduce por necessary.

predicament

WrongHe is an expert onthe subject andhis views are heldin great predica-ment.

RightHe is an experton the subjectand his viewsare held in highregard.

CommentPredicament significa predicamento =situacibn dfficil. No significa predica-mento = prestigio, que se traduce porprestige, high regard, high standing.

premises

RightOur new premisesare in Oxford Street.

CommentPremise significa premisa = proposicibn.En plural, premises significa tambien lo-cal (espacio en un edificio).

preoccupied 385

WrongYour parents arepreoccupied becausethey love you.

RightYour parents areworried becausethey love you.

CommentPreoccupied significa absorto, ensimis-mado, obsesionado, abstraido. No sig-nifica preocupado, que se traduce porworried.

Examples

It weighs three point seven kilos,to be precise.At that precise moment the phonerang.You have to be very precise inyour calculations.

Pesa tres coma siete kilos, paraser preciso.En ese preciso momento son6 elte!6fono.Hay que ser muy exacto en loscaiculos.

Exercises1. ^Es preciso que tu hermana oiga esto? 2. Si es preciso se pide unprestamo. 3. Tendra que ser ma's preciso. 4. Hare lo que sea preciso.5. Es preciso que te vayas inmediatamente.

We found ourselves in a predicament. \Her departure has left us in apredicament.

Nosvimosenunlio.Su partida nos ha dejado en unasituation muy apurada.

Exercises1. Sus opiniones gozan de gran predicamento. 2. Esta marca de ropagoza de predicamento entre losjbvenes.

•ExamplesThat doesn't follow from our premise.

They've moved to new premises.

Eso no esta contemplado en nuestrapremisa.Se han mudado a un nuevo local.

Exercises1. Prohibido tener animates en este edificio. 2. Consiguib entrar allocal por la fuerza.

1 ExamplesHe became increasinglypreoccupied with his work.He's preoccupied with trying tofind a newjob.He seemed rather preoccupied.

Cada vez estaba mSs obsesionadocon su trabajo.No piensa en otra cosa queencontrar un nuevo trabajo.Lo not6 como abstraido.

Exercises1. ^Estabas preocupado? -En absolute. 2. Esta preocupado por su sa-lud. 3. Estamos tan preocupados como el 4. Tus padres esta"n preocu-pados porque te quieren. „__.

102 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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preserve 386

WrongHe tried to pre-serve the childrenfrom danger.

RightHe tried to pro-tect the childrenfrom danger.

Comment

To preserve significa conservar, mante-ner, o poner en conserva. Tambien pue-de significar preservar = proteger.

• ExamplesThe United States tried to preservethe peace in the Persian Gulf.

He did it in an attempt to preservehis good reputation.

Estados Unido trat6 de mantener lapaz en el Golfo P6rsico.Lo hizo en un intento de mantenersu buena reputacitin.

Exercises1. Tenemos que aprender a conservar los recursos de la naturaleza. 2.Echa este producto de vez en cuando en las puertas para preservar lamadera de la humedad. 3. Intentaba preservarla de todo mal.

WrongI'm sure it's nottrue, she's onlysaying it topresume.

RightI'm sure it's nottrue, she's onlysaying it toshow off.

Comment

To presume significa suponer o atrever-se. No significa presumir, que se traducepor to show off, to boast, to brag, o tosuspect.

WrongShe was pretend-ing to make mechange my mind.

RightShe was tryingto make mechange my mind.

Comment

To pretend significa fingir, aparentar. Nosignifica pretender, que se traduce por totry, to intend, to aim.

prevent

Wrong

Drivers were pre-vented that theroad was in badcondition.

RightDrivers werewarned that theroad was in badcondition.

Comment

To prevent significa impedir, evitar. Nosignifica prevenir = advertir, avisar, aler-tar, que se traduce por to warn.

ExamplesI presumed they knew each other.I presume you know why I 'masking.I would not presume to tell youwhat to do.I would never presume to questionyour authority.

Supuse que ya se conocian.Supongo que sabe por qu6 lopregunto.No me atreverfa a decirte lo quetienes que hacer.Jam& me atreverfa a poner enduda su autoridad.

Exercises1. Seguro que no es cierto, lo dice para presumir. 2. Esta siemprepresumiendo de lo ricos que son sus padres. 3. Presume que van areducirlaplantilla.

' ExamplesHe didn't really hurt himself, he'spretending.

She's not as stupid as she pretends.

He pretends he doesn't care.

No se ha hecho dano, esta fingiendo.

No es tan tonta como quiere aparentar.

Fingequenoleimporta.

They pretended to be students. Se hicieron pasar por estudiantes.

Exercises1. Pretendfa hacerme cambiar de opini6n. 2. Pretende enganarme consus mentiras. 3. Pretende adjudicarse todo el m6rito. 4. No se" lo quepretende. 5. Pretendemos no s6lo instruirlos sino formarlos como indi-viduos.

• ExamplesWe need to prevent this happeningagain.I warn you that he's a liar.Police intervention prevented amajor incident.

Hay que impedir que esto vuelva asuceder.Te prevengo de que es un mentiroso.La intervention de la policfa impidi6que seprodujera un incidente grave.

Exercises1. Previnieron a los conductores del mal estado de las carreteras. 2. Mehabfan prevenido. 3. Me previnieron contra ellos. 4. El mal tiempoimpiditi que fu6ramos de excursion.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 103

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WrongHe's in prisonbecause his lawyerswere unable to probe jhis innocence.

Right JHe's in prison .because his lawyers ,were unable to provehis innocence. I

• Examples

They probed into his background. • Investigaron su pasado a fondo.Police are probing into his . • La policia esta investigando susbusiness affairs. actividadesfinancieras.

Comment

To probe significa investigar; sondar. No sig-nifica probar, que se traduce por to prove; to |test to

proceed

RightMany Englishwords come fromFrench.

WrongMany Englishwords proceedfrom French.

Comment

To proceed significa proceder = actuar.No significa proceder = provenir, que setraduce por to come from; ni proceder =ser pertinente, que se traduce por to beappropriate.

WrongProcure to be ontime.

RightTry to be ontime.

Comment

To procure significa conseguir, obtener;o dedicarse al proxenetismo. No signifi-ca procurar, que se traduce por to try; toprovide with.

profound 393

WrongThe childrenshouldn't swimhere — the wa-ter's too profound.

Right |The childrenshouldn't swimhere — the wa-ter's too deep.

Comment

Profound significa profundo (de pensa-miento). No significa profundo (en elespacio), que se traduce por deep.

Exercises1. Puede probar su inocencia. 2. No puedes probar esa acusa-ci6n. 3. Me gustarfa probar el windsurfing. 4. Prueba el aguapara asegurarte de que no esta demasiado caliente.

* ExamplesYou should proceed with caution. ; Deberfas proceder con cautela.We were given no guidance on No nos dieron ninguna orientacioYihow to proceed. , sobre cc-mo proceder.

S^^^M^-^g^^^^S^fe^^^^^V^^^^^^^- •^V^.,' 1 s- ,, - - * -*

Exercises1. Su familia precede de Alemania. 2. El ruido procedia de fuera. 3.Creo que precede realizar una votacidn. 4. Esa palabra procede delaYabe.

ExamplesHe tried to procure the release ofthe hostages.He was accused of procuring.

Intentti conseguir la libertad delos rehenes.Lo acusaron de proxenetismo.

ExercisesI.Procura I legar pronto. 2. Procuraqueelnifiocoma. 3. Me procuro" unbuen trabajo. 4. Procuraremos que llegue intacto.

Esa fue una afirmacibn muyprofunda.Le tenfa una enorme aversi6n avolar.Sus ideas sobre este tema sonmuy profundas.

Exercises1. Esta piscina es muy profunda. 2. Es un texto muy profundo. 3. Nosbafiaremos en una parte del rio que sea menos profunda. 4. Se cortrjcon el cuchillo y se hizo una herida muy profunda.

ExamplesThat was a very profoundstatement.She had a profound dislike offlying.His ideas on this subject are veryprofound.

104 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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propaganda

RightMost companies Most companiesspend a lot on spend a lot onpropaganda. advertising.

Comment

En ingles la plabra propaganda se usa s6loen polftica. Propaganda (en ventas) setraduce por publicity, advertising.

RightI wouldn't have I wouldn't havebelieved it if I believed it if Ihadn't seen it with hadn't seen itmy proper eyes. with my own eyes.

Comment

Proper significa correcto. No significa pro-pio, que se traduce por own (posesitin);suitable (adecuado).

RightBefore taking the Before takingmedicine, I read the medicine, Ithe accompany- read the accom-ing prospect. panying leaflet.

Comment

Prospect significa posibilidad, perspec-tiva o posible cliente. No significa pros-pecto, que se traduce por leaflet,brochure, o directions for use.

ExamplesThe streets are ful I of electionpropaganda.

Las calles estan llenas de propaganda felectoral. i

Exercises *:

1. Habia un chico repartiendo propaganda. 2. Lo que se gasta en pro- |paganda es desmesurado. <j

ExamplesThe books are not in the properorder.What's the proper name for thismachine?

Loslibrosnoesta"nenelordencorrecto.^Cua"! es el nombre correcto deesta maquina?

Exercises1. Me gusta ser mi propiojefe. 2. Cada persona tiene su propio ordena-dor. 3. Llevaba un vestido muy propio para la ocasidn. 4. Lo vi conmis propios pjos.

ExamplesI s there any prospect that you'l I 4finish this afternoon? iThere i sn't much prospect of my igetting thejob.She was horrified at the prospectof giving up work. !The prospects for the business aregood. t

^Hay alguna posibilidad de quetermines esta tarde?No hay muchas posibilidades deque me den el trabajo.Le horrorizaba la perspective dedejar de trabajar.Las perspectivas del negocio sonbuenas.

Exercises1 . Le eche una ojeada al prospecto. 2. ,Has leido el prospecto antes detomar esas pastillas? 3. No es una perspectiva alentadora. 4. Dentro;del buz6n, entre la correspondencia, siempre hay algun prospecto.

' ......

RightI've never proved I've never triedcaviar before, this caviar before, this is the first time. is the first time.

Comment

To prove significa probar = demostrar.No significa probar (por primera vez), quese traduce por to taste (vino, sopa, etc)o to try. Tampoco significa probar = po-»ner a prueba, que se traduce por to test, i

ExamplesThey were unable to prove hisguilt.Tests proved that the drug waseffective.This proves that she was right.

No pudieron probar su culpabilidad.

Los experimentos demostraron queel medicamento era eficaz.Esto prueba que el la tenia razon.

Exercises j1. Llevaron el coche a que probaran los frenos. 2. Nunca he probado el caviar. 3. Estoy dispuesto a probar cualquier cosa con tal de curarme.4. Dejaron el dinero alii para probarlo. *

EDITORIAL STANLEY 105

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punctuateWrongWe read silentlyas the teacherpunctuated ourexam papers.

RightWe read silentlyas the teachermarked ourexam papers.

CommentTo punctuate significa puntuar (texto). Nosignifica puntuar (exdmenes, pruebas), quese traduce por to mark; ni puntuar (en unacompeticidn), que se traduce por to score.

qualification

WrongShe got very goodqualifications inher final exams.

RightShe got verygood marks inher final exams.

CommentQualification significa tftulo, diploma,requisite. No significa calificacibn, quese traduce por grade (US) o mark (UK).

WrongIt's impossibleto take hisphoto, he won'tstand quiet for amoment.

RightIt's impossibleto take hisphoto, he won'tstand still for amoment.

CommentQuiet significa silencioso, tranquilo. Nojsignifica quieto, que se traduce por still.

WrongYou don't have toquit all yourclothes, just yourshirt.

RightYou don't have totake off all yourclothes, just yourshirt.

CommentTo quit significa dejar, abandonar; dejarde; dimitir. No significa quitar, que se tra-duce por to remove; to take off (ropa, etc).

Examples

You haven't put any full stops orcommas, you'll have to learn topunctuate.

Has escrito sin puntos ni comas,tienes que aprender a puntuar.

Exercises1. El profesor puntuaba los examenes. 2. Puntu6 muy alto en las dosprimeras vueltas. 3. Jones ha puntuado poco en la ultima prueba.

•ExamplesThe essential qualification is enthusiasm.In spite of his excellent qualifications,he still couldn't get a job.He has all the necessary qualificationsforthejob.She has a teaching qualification.

El requisite esencial es entusiasmo.A pesar de su excelente curriculumno pudo conseguir trabajo.Cumple todos los requisites parael puesto.Tiene titulo de profesora.

Exercises1. Tuvo malas calificaciones en el examen. 2. Estas notas son tenidas encuenta para la calificacitin final. 3. Para decidir la calificacidn, el profe-sor se basd en sus trabajos de clase. 4. Ella, a diferencia de su hermano,obtuvo unas calificaciones muy buenas.

* ExamplesQuiet please! I have an announcementto make.He gave them money to keep them quiet.I kept quiet for fear of waking thebaby.The doctor recommended a quiet life.

jSilencio por favor! tengo algoque anunciar.Les pag6 para que se callaran.No hice ruido por miedo adespertar al beb6.El m6dico recomendO una vidatranquila.

Exercises1. {Nopuedesestartequietoun minuto? 2. jQu6silenciohayaqui! 3.S6 bueno y estate quieto. 4. Viven en un barrio tranquilo de las afue-ras. 5. Estate quieto mientras te hago la foto.

1 ExamplesShe quit university after two years.

He argued with the boss and quit.I've finally quit smoking.

Dej6 la universidad despu6s de dosanos.Discutid con eljefe y dej6 el trabajo.Finalmente he dejado de fumar.

Exercises1. No pude quitar la mancha de la blusa. 2. Quitamos el papel de lascuatro paredes. 3. Lo dejo, estoy demasiado cansado para continuar.4. No tienes que quitarte toda la ropa, solo la camisa.

106 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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quotaWrongTo be a memberof the club, youmust pay anannual quota.

RightTo be a memberof the club, youmust pay anannual fee.

CommentQuota significa cuota = parte propor-tional. No significa cuota (que se pagapor ciertas cosas), que se traduce por fee,subscription, amount.

RightHe only mixeswith people ofhis own class.

Wrong

He only mixeswith people ofhis own range.s^^^®8 i ^^M^^^^^Sffl§

CommentRange significa gama, dmbito, campo,variedad, alcance. No significa rango, quese traduce por rank, level, class, socialstanding.

RightOn the first daythey shave theheads of all thenew recruits.

Wrong

On the first daythey rape theheads of all thenew recruits.

CommentTo rape significa violar, forzar sexual-mente. No significa rapar, que se traducepor to shave, to cut very short (el pelo),to scalp.

* ExamplesEvery group has its quota of idlers. IHe proposed the establ ishment ofimport quotas.

Todo grupo tiene su cuota de ociosos. jPropuso establecer unos impuestos a Ilas impoitaciones.

Exercises1. Pagan una cuota mtidica por alimentacitin y hospedaje. 2. Los sociosvotaron por aumentar la cuota. 3. Paga una cuota mensual por sersocio de un club de futbol. 4. He pagado la cuota de socio de un ano.

» ExamplesI have a wide range of interests.There is a whole range ofpossibilities.They have a wide range of products.The gun has a range of twentykilometres.

Mis intereses son multiples y variados.Hay un gran abanico de posibilidades.

Tienen una amplia gama de productos.El can6n tiene un alcance de veintekil6metros.

Exercises1. Ascendid al rango de general. 2. Habia varios oficiales de alto rangoimplicados en el asunto. 3. S6lo trata con personas de su rango. 4. Esun funcionario de alto rango en el ministerio.

• ExamplesHe has been arrested for allegedlyraping a minor.

Lo han detenido porque parece serque viold a una menor.

Exercises1. Se rap6 la cabeza. 2. A los reclutas el primer dia les rapan la cabeza.3. Queria que me cortara las puntas, pero me rapti.

Wrong

I thought helooked a bit rare.What was wrongwith him?

RightI thought helooked a bit odd.What was wrongwith him?

CommentRare significa raro = infrecuente. No sig-nifica raro = extrano, que se traduce porstrange, odd, funny.

ExamplesIt is rare for this to happen duringthe summer.It rarely snows here.He contracted a rare disease on histrip to the Amazon.

Es raro que esto suceda durante elverano.Aqufes raro que nieve.Contrajo una rara enfermedad ensu viaje al Amazonas.

Exercises1. Ayer me pas6 algo de lo ma's raro. 2. jQu6 raro que no lo mencionara!3. Rara vez veo a mi hermana. 4. Tenfa un aspecto raro.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 107

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ration

WrongHe asked thewaiter to bringanother ration ofsquid.

406

: Right-, He asked the: waiter to bring

another helping• of squid.

,

-

CommentRation significa racitin (de comida, perej., en tiempos de guerra). No significaracidn (de disgustos, problemas, etc),que se traduce por share. Tampoco signifi-ca racidn = porcidn, que se traduce porhelping, portion.

realize

RightThat was whenI realized theterrible truth.

Comment

To realize significa realizar = hacer realun sueno, una esperanza, una ambi-ci6n. Pero su significado ma's importantees darse cuenta, hacerse cargo.

recognizeWrong

My doctorrecognizes meevery year.

408

4 Right

My doctorI examines me J

every year. "

Comment

To recognize significa reconocer = ad- |mitir, aceptar, identificar. No significa \reconocer = examinar minuciosamen- •te, que se traduce por to examine.

RightThe farmers reapthe harvest inthe autumn.

recollect

WrongThe farmers rec-ollect the harvestin the autumn.

Comment |

To recollect significa recordar. No signifi- {ca recolectar, que se traduce por to~?

to reap o to collect. ;

Examples

People were on rations for tenyears.

La comida estuvo racionadadurante diez anos.

Exercises1. Las raciones son muy abundantes. 2. Pongame una racidn de pulpo,por favor. 3. Sdlo quiero la mitad de esa racidn. 4. Ya ha tenido suracidn de disgustos.

• ExamplesI hadn't realized he was herbrother.We realize it will be a difficultdecision for you.She was able to realize her lifelongambition.

No me habia dado cuenta de queera su hermano.Nos damos cuenta de que sera" unadecision dificiI para ti.Pudo realizar la ambicitin de todasu vida.

Exercises1. Realizd su suefto de ser arquitecto. 2. Ahora me doy cuenta de ques6lo lo hacfan por mi bien.

* ExamplesI didn't recognize you in that coat.

They were forced to recognize thegravity of the situation.

No te habia reconocido con eseabrigo.Se vieron obligados a reconocer lagravedad de la situacitin.

Exercises1. Sera" reconocido a fondo por el medico. 2. Lo reconoci a pesar de labarba y las gafas. 3. Despu6s de reconocerme el medico dijo que notenfa nada.

ExamplesI can recollect him vaguely.I don't recollect having mentioned it.As far as I can recollect, John wasn'tthere.

Lo recuerdo vagamente.No recuerdo haberlo mencionado.Que yo recuerde, John no estabaalii.

Exercises1. No recuerdo haberlos visto alii. 2. Recogieron mucho dinero para lasmisiones. 3. Gracias a las ma"quinas, recogen la cosecha con menosesfuerzo que antes.

108 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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recollection

Wrong

During therecollection thechildren didn't goto school.

Right

During theharvest thechildren didn'tgo to school.

Comment

Recollection signified recuerdo. No sig-nifica recoleccibn, que se traduce por

harvest.

Old people like tosit around andrecord the olddays.

Right

Old people liketo sit aroundand rememberthe old days.

Comment

To record significa anotar, apuntar o gra-bar. No significa recordar, que se traducepor to remember.

No matter whathappens, weshouldn't recur toviolence.

RightNo matter whathappens, weshouldn't resortto violence.

Comment

To recur significa volver a ocurrir, repe-tirse. No significa recurrir (a algo), quese traduce por to resort (to something).

Examples

He had absolutely no recollectionof that day.

I have fond recollections of mychildhood.

No recordaba nada de lo que habiapasadoaqueldia.

Tengo hermosos recuerdos de miinfancia.

Exercises1. Durante la recoleccitin los nihos no iban al colegio. 2. En 6poca derecoleccidn, muchos campesinos de fuera vienen a trabajar aqui. 3.

Tengo un recuerdo borroso de la fiesta.

» Examples

It was recorded on his medical card.

The concert was recorded live.

They've recorded a new single.We recorded it on video.

Fue anotado en su ficha medica.

Grabaron el concierto en directo.

Han grabado un nuevo disco.

Lograbamos en video.

Exercises1. A mi abuelo le gusta recordar historias pasadas. 2. El programa segraba con publico en la sala. 3. No recuerdo lo que dijiste. 4. Que yo

recuerde, todo fue normal.

' Examples

Let's hope our problems don'tkeep recurring.

It's a theme which recurs in hislater works.

Esperemos que no se sigan sucediendolos inconvenientes

Es un tema que vuelve a aparecer ensu obra posterior.

The image kept recurring to him. • Volvia a ver la imagen una y otra vez.

Exercises1. Recurrieron a expedientes drasticos. 2. Nunca hay que recurrir a laviolencia. 3. Recurrio al chantaje. 4. No les quedd ma's remedio que ir

a la huelga.

As the refrainsays: an apple aday keeps thedoctor away.

RightAs the proverbsays: an apple aday keeps thedoctor away.

Comment

Refrain significa estribillo. No significarefran, que se traduce por saying, proverb.

You have to try harder, came thefamiliar refrain.

The refrain was taken up by theaudience.

Me saliti con el estribillo de siempre:tienes que esforzarme mas.

El publico se uni6 al estribillo.

Exercises1. Como dice el refran: mas vale pajaro en mano que ciento volando.2. Es como buscar una aguja en un pajar, como dice el refrSn.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 109

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WrongYou shouldlearn to refrainyour instincts.

RightYou shouldlearn to controlyour instincts.

Comment

El verbo to refrain significa abstenerse de, 1guardarse de. No significa refrenar, que se!traduce por to control, restrain, curb. l

* ExamplesPassengers are requested to refrain f Se ruega a los pasajeros que nofrom smoking. I fumen.I refrained from taking part. I Me abstuve de participar.

Exercises1. Tienes que refrenar tus instintos. 2. Tuve que refrenarme para noabrazarla. 3. Me abstuve de criticarlo.

Wrong | RightHe has refunded J He has rewrittenone of Shake- j one of Shake-speare's plays to I speare's plays tobring it up to I bring it up todate. j date.

Comment

To refund significa reembolsar. No signi-fica refundir, que se traduce por to recasto revise, rewrite, rework.

ExamplesWi 11 they refund your expenses?We will gladly refund yourmoney.

Je reembolsaran los gastos?Con mucho gusto le devolveremosel dinero.

Exercises1. Ha actualizado la obra de teatro para adaptaria al momento actual.2. Van a refundir los lingotes de oro para hacer monedas. 3. Me devol-vieron el dinero.

WrongWhat did theyregale you foryour birthday ?

RightWhat did theygive you for yourbirthday ?

Comment

To regale significa agasajar, obsequiar,entretener. No significa regalar, que setraduce por to give (as a present), togive away.

register

WrongThey registeredthe woods butdidn't find thebody.

RightThey searchedthe woods butdidn't find thebody.

Comment

To register significa registrar = inscri-bir. TambieYi significa mandar certifica-do. No significa registrar = buscar, quese traduce por to search.

ExamplesHe regaled us with hilariousanecdotes.I was regaled with the full detailsof her complaint.

Nos hizo reir con unas anScdotasdivertidisimas.Me hizo el obsequio de explicarme sudolencia con todo lujo de detalle

Exercises1. Si no lo quieres por que" no me lo regalas? 2. ,i,Qu6 le podriamosregalar? 3. Nos entretuvo con historias de sus viajes. 4. Esta"n regalan-do entradas para el concierto.

Registrd la casa a nombre de su jmujer. I

(•Te has dado de alta con algun medico?!La letra R i nd ica que se trata de una Imarca registrada. iHay una carta certificada para ti. i

' ExamplesHe registered the house in hiswife's name.Have you registered with a doctor?!The letter R denotes a registeredtrademark.There's a registered letter for you.

Exercises1. Lo registraron para ver si tenia drogas. 2. ^Quien ha cogido misHaves? — jA mi que me registren! 3. Envie" la carta por correo certifica-do. 4. Registraron el bosque en busca del nino desaparecido.

110 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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refund

refrain

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regular

Wrong"How are you ?"— "Oh, regular.

Right"How are you ?'— "Oh, so-so.How are you ?"

CommentRegular significa regular = uniforme.Tambien significa periodico. No significaregular = no muy bien, mediano, quese traduce por nothing special, not great,average, so-so.

WrongThings like thathappen only in thereign of fantasy.

RightThings like thathappen only in therealm of fantasy.

CommentReign significa reinado o regimen. No sig-nifica reino, que se traduce por kingdom,realm.

relation

WrongA relation of suc-cessful candidateswas published.

RightA list of success-ful candidateswas published.

CommentRelation significa pariente, familiar.Tambien significa relacibn = trato. No sig-nifica relation = lista, que se traduce porlist, catalogue.

• ExamplesThe lines formed a regular pattern.The posts were placed at regularintervals.

They hold regular meetings.These machines need regularmaintenance.

Las Ifneas formaban un diseno regular.Los postes estaban colocados aintervalos regulares.Se reunen con regularidad.Estas maquinas necesitan un manteni-miento peritidico.

Exercises1. Que tal la pelicula? — Regular. 2. Vuelve con regularidad. 3. Me fueregular en la prueba. 4. La comida estuvo regular. 5. Es una casa de jtamano regular.

* ExamplesHis reign as world champion is over. Su reinado como campeon del |

mundo ha concluido. ILos rebeldes impusieron un regimen 1de terror. $

The rebels began a reign of terror.

Exercises |1. El pafs se llama el Reino Unido de Gran Bretana e Irlanda del Norte. |2. Su reinado tuvo una duracidn de diez anos. 3. Las hadas son perso- *najes del reino de la fantasfa.

ExamplesHe's no relation of mine.She has built up good relationswith him.They have broken off diplomaticrelations.

No es pariente mfo.Ha establecido una buena relationcone" I.Han roto las relaciones diplomaticas.

Exercises I1. Se publicd una relacidn de los aprobados. 2. Hizo una relacitin de sus|virtudes. 3. El incidente proyoc6 la ruptura de relaciones diplomaticas. <

WrongThe Louvre isone of themost relevantmuseums in theworld.

ExamplesRightThe Louvreis one of themost importantmuseums in theworld.

Comment

Relevant significa pertinente. No signi-fica relevante = importante o sobresa-liente, que se traduce por important ooutstanding, remarkable.

That is not relevant to ourdiscussion.I do not consider his remark tobe relevant.Appl icants should have relevantexperience.It is a play which is still relevanttoday.

«^MWH««aMHS^M«^^^^^H^HM»^M«H

Exercises1. Su trabajo fue considerado muy relevante. 2. El Museo del Prado es unode los mas relevantes del mundo. 3. Su presencia en la reunioYi es rele-vante, vamos a esperar un poco antes de empezar. 4. Es el rasgo masrelevante de su personalidad. 5. Ocupa un cargo relevante en la empresa.6. No veo que relacitin tiene eso.

• Eso no tiene nada que ver con lo tque estamos tratando. ^Considero que su observation no |es pertinente. |Los candidates deber n poseerexperiencia en el sector. |

• Es una obra que todavfa tiene |actual idad. I

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RightAdd the lemon Add the lemonjuice while con- juice while con-tinuing to remove, tinuing to stir.

Comment

To remove signified quitar, sacar. No sig-nifica remover, que se traduce por to stir(Ifquidos) o to turn over, to dig up(tierra).

• ExamplesHis name was removed from the list.The gearbox had to be removed.It's very effective for removingstains.She had her appendix removed.

Quitaron su nombre de la lista.Tuvieron que sacar la caja de cambios.Es muy eficaz para quitar manchas.

Le extirparon el ap6ndice.

Exercises1. Afiada el zumo de limon sin dejar de remover. 2. Quito todos losobstciculos de mi camino. 3. Remueva la salsa hasta que no tenga gru-mos. 4. Removio" el agua para que se disolviera la aspirina.

WrongHe doesn't needto work, he liveson his rents.

Comment

RightHe doesn't need >to work, he liveson his private in-come.

Rent significa alquiler. No significa renta,que se traduce por private income, income,o interest.

It was only a smallcompany but itreported him a lotof money.

Right

It was only asmall companybut it earned hima lot of money.

Comment

To report significa informar de, presenterun informe; presentarse. No significa repor-tar, que se traduce por to earn, to bring in.

requirement

Wrong

The witnessappeared at thejudge's requirement.

Right

The witnessappeared at thejudge's request.

Comment

Requirement significa requerimiento =necesidad o solicitud. No significa re-querimiento = acto judicial por el quese obliga hacer algo, que se traduce porrequest, summons.

> ExamplesYou have to pay a month's rent asa deposit.The rent is payable on the first ofthe month.I'm £300 behind with my rent.They lived off the rent from theirtenants.

Hay que pagar un mes de rentacomofianza.El alquiler vence el primero decada mes.Debo 300 libras de alquiler.Vivfan de las rentas de susinquilinos.

Exercises1. Vive de sus rentas. 2. Le proporciona una renta anual de $100.000.3. Puso el dinero en el banco y vive de las rentas.

• ExamplesThey reported on the efficiency ofthe service.He failed to report for his medical.

I reported all of this to my boss.

Presentaron un informe sobre laeficacia del servicio.No se present^ para el reconoci-miento medico.Inform6 a mijefe de todo esto.

Exercises1. La venta le reporto mil dtilares. 2. Esto podria reportar beneficios'

aun mayores. 3. Ese negocio le ha reportado mucho dinero.

* ExamplesWe bear in mind our customers'requirements.Choose a car that suits yourrequirements.

Tenemos en cuenta los requeri-mientos de nuestros clientes.Elija un coche adecuado a susnecesidades.

You must satisfy these requirements., Debe satisfacer estos requisites.

Exercises1. Compareci6 a requerimiento del senorjuez. 2. Fue extraditado arequerimiento de las autoridades alemanas. 3. Declare en el juicio arequerimiento del fiscal.

112 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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rent

remove

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resign

RightBecause of thescandal, he wasforced to resign.

Comment

To resign oneself to something significaresignarse a algo. Pero la acepcion ma'simportante de to resign es dimitir o re-nunciar (de un puesto).

resignation

RightThe opposition de-manded the minister'sresignation.

Comment

Resignation significa resignation = acep-tacidn de las adversidades. Tambien sig-nifica renuncia, dimision.

ExamplesShe has resigned from the board.

He resigned from hisjob becauseof illness.He resigned himself to not makingthe trip.

Ha dimitido del consejo deadministracibn.Dimitib de su puesto debido aproblemasdesalud.Se resign6 a no hacer el viaje.

Exercises

1. Dimititi de su cargo. 2. No se resigna a estar paralizado en una sillade ruedos. 3. No te queda otra alternativa que dimitir.

ExamplesShe handed in her resignation.A mood of resignation was evidentamong the players.

Present su dimision.Se notaba un clima de resignacitinentre losjugadores.

Exercises

1. Su dimisioYi fue muy oportuna para la empresa. 2. Los partidos de laoposicidn exigieron su dimisibn. 3. Tienes que llevarlo con resigna-ci6n, no tiene remedio.

He keeps playingthat awful music- I can't resistany more.

RightHe keeps playingthat awful music- I can't take itany more.

Comment

To resist significa resistir (una tentacibn)y resistirse = oponer resistencia. No sig-nifica resistir = aguantar, soportar, quese traduce por to stand, to bear, to takeit, etc.

Wrong

A resort preventedthe door fromremaining open.

RightA springprevented thedoor fromremaining open.

Comment

Resort significa lugar de vacaciones; re-curso. No significa resorte, que se traduce,por spring; means (para lograr un fin).

ExamplesI had to buy it, I couldn't resist it.

She was charged with resistingarrest.I couldn't resist taking a peep.

Tuve que comprarlo, no me puderesistir.Fue acusada de oponer resistenciaa su arresto.No pude resistir la tentaciCn deechar una ojeada.

Exercises1. No resistia ma's el frio que hacfa alii. 2. No resisto ma's. 3. Su cora-zon no resistiria un golpe tan fuerte. 4. Lleg6 al Kmite de lo que un serhumano puede resistir.

Examples

This is Turkey's most importanttourist resort.As a last resort we put an ad inthe paper.

Este es el principal centra turisticodeTurqufa.Como ultimo recurso pusimos unanuncio en el peri6dico.

Exercises1. En la puerta habia un resorte que impedia que quedara abieita. 2.Toc6 todos los resortes para conseguir el contrato. 3. Los resortes dela cama estSn rotos.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 113

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Wrong

If you rest 10from 50, theanswer is 40.

RightIf you subtract10 from 50, theanswer is 40.

CommentTo rest significa descansar. No significarestar, que se traduce por to subtract,take away; to undermine (autoridad);to play down (importancia); to return(en tenis); to remain, be left.

Examples

Tienes que descansar.No descansar hasta saber la verdad.

You need to rest.She won't rest until she knowsthe truth.

Exercises1. Los nifios aprenden a sumar y a restar. 2. Resta cuatro a doce. 3. Esteasunto le ha restado autoridad. 4. El doctor le restd importancia. 5.Aun me restan dfas de vacaciones.

result 431

WrongI tried to persuadehim but it didn'tresult. He refusedto listen.

RightI tried to per-suade him but itdidn't work. Herefused to listen.

Comment

To result significa resultar = ser conse-cuencia. No significa resultar = ser, quese traduce por to be; ni resultar = serfinalmente, que se traduce por to turnout to be, to prove to be; ni resultar =dar resultado, que se traduce por to work.

Examples

If we tell her, heaven knows whatwill result.This resulted in increasedproductivity.What could result from thisdecision?This error resulted in a disaster.

Sabe Dios qu6 puede pasar si selo decimos.Esto resultd en un aumento de laproductividad.iQue podria resultar de estadecisi6n?Este error provocd un desastre.

Exercises1. La casa resulto mas cara de lo que pensabamos. 2. Sus consejosresultaron (ser) inutiles. 3. Resulttital como lo habiamos planeado. 4.Su idea no resultd. 5. Todo el problema resultti ser un malentendido.6. Trate" de convencerle pero no resultb. 7. La casa nos resulta dema-siado grande ahora que los nifios no esta"n.

Wrong

I will try toresume the mainpoints of thereport.

Right I

I will try tosummarize themain points ofthe report.

Comment

To resume significa reanudar. No signifi-ca resumir, que se traduce por to

* Examples

We stopped for lunch and resumedan hour later.They resumed theirjourney thefollowing day.He resumed his seat.They resumed their march at dawn.

Paramos para almorzar y reanudamosel trabajo al cabo de una hora.Reanudaron el viaje al dia siguiente.

Se volvid a sentar.Reanudaron la marcha al amanecer.

Exercises1. Resumiendo, nos han negado el permiso. 2. Todo lo cual se resumeen lo siguiente... 3. Resumiendo, creo que fue un encuentro positive.4. Intentare resumir los puntos principals de su artfculo.

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reticentWrongShe was clearlyreticent to openthe door.

RightShe was clearlyreluctant toopen the door.

CommentReticent significa reservado, callado,reticiente a hablar. No significa reticen-te = reacio, que se traduce por reluctant;ni reticente (de un discurso), que se tra-dixe^rfullof insinuations.

,al> t,

retribution t jw*<

Wrong1 accepted the postbecause of thehigh retribution.

fcf 434

Right1 accepted thepost because ofthe high salary.

Comment

Retribution significa castigo. No signifi-lca retribuciOn, que se traduce por salary o|reward.

* ExamplesShe is rather reticent about her I • Es un tanto reservada en cuanto a suemotional life. I vida afectiva.He was reticent about the matter. I Se mostrti reticente a hablar del asunto.

Exercises1. El hecho de que se mostrara tan reticente a abrir la puerta me hizosospechar. 2. Semuestranreticentesadarexplicaciones. S.AIprinci-pio se mostrO reticente.

• ExamplesHe was sent to prison inretribution for his crimes.In retribution, they executed allthe prisoners.They have institutionalized thisform of retribution.

Le metieron preso comojusto castigo |por los del itos cometidos. |Comorepresalia, ejecutaron a todos Ilos prisioneros. |Estetipode castigo se ha Iinstitucionalizado. |

Exercises I1. RetribuciOn a convenir. 2. Si hago eso por ti (j/qu6 recibo yo como *recompensa? 3. El puesto no tiene una retribuciOn muy elevada, pero *es un trabajo interesante. 1

WrongBusinessmenwaste far too muchtime in unneces-sary reunions.

RightBusinessmen wastefar too much timein unnecessarymeetings.

Comment

Reunion significa reencuentro. No signi-fica reunion, que se traduce por meeting.

* ExamplesTheir reunion was very emotional.It was the day of the long-awaitedreunion.

Fue un reencuentro muy emotivo.Era el dia del tan ansiadoreencuentro.

Exercises1. No se logrO demasiado en la reunion. 2. Logre que me permitieranentrar a la reunion. 3. AsistiO mucha gente a la reunion. 4. Se excluyOa los periodistas de la reunion.

^ IT

WrongThe first step isto reunite all thenecessaryinformation.

RightThe first step isto gather all thenecessaryinformation.

Comment

To reunite significa volver a encontrar-se. No significa reunir ni reunirse, quese traducen por to have, to gather, toraise (dinero), etc. y to meet.

ExamplesJohn and Mary are reunited.After months of torment, she wasreunited with her son.A meeting was arranged to reunitefather and son.

John y Mary esta~n de nuevojuntos.Tras meses de angustia, sereencontrti con su hijo.Se organize una reunion para quepadre e hijo se reencontraran.

Exercises1. El primer ministro se reuniO con su homOlogo italiano. 2. No consiguiOreunir el dinero suficiente. 3. Los aspirantes debera"n reunir los siguien-tes requisitos... 4. Primero hay que reunir la informaciOn necesaria.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 115

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reveal

"„••'.«^ RightHe spends hours He spends hoursin the dark room in the dark roomrevealing his developing hisphotos. photos.

Comment

To reveal significa revelar (una infor-mation); mostrar. No significa revelar(fotos), que se traduce por to develop.

Examples

He refused to reveal his sources.She revealed her intentions.

Se neg6 a revelar sus fuentes.Revel6 sus intenciones.

Exercises1. Se revelan fotos en una hora. 2. Se quitrj la bufanda y descubrib lacicatriz que tenia en el cuello. 3. No es diffcil revelar una foto.

He has his teethrevised every sixmonths.

RightHe has his teethchecked everysix months.

Comment

To revise significa revisar (un escrito); re-pasar (una Iecci6n). No significa revisar(una ntiquina, una instalacibn, etc), quese traduce por to check; ni revisar (unascuentas), que se traduce por to audit.

WrongI caught himrevolving in myoffice after

RightI caught him rum-maging around inmy office after

working hours. working hours.

Comment

To revolve significa girar. No significa re-volver, que se traduce por to stir o torummage around.

ExamplesThe book has been extensivelyrevised.I have to revise three more topics.You should be revising for yourexams.

El libra se ha revisado a fondo.

Tengo que repasar otros tres temas.Deberfas estar repasando para losexamenes.

Exercises1. ,j,Ha revisado las bujias? 2. La caja de cambios ha sido revisada a:fondo. 3. Cada seis meses se hace revisar la dentadura.

» Examples

The earth revolves around the sun.His life revolves around football.Her words continued to revolve inmy mind.

La tierra gira alrededor del sol.Su vida gira en torno al futbol.Sus palabras siguieron da"ndomevueltasenlacabeza.

Exercises1. Revolvio en el cajon. 2. Estaba revolviendo en la maleta buscandoflos calcetines. 3. Habfa estado revolviendo en mis cosas.

WrongThe cake is reallyrich. Can I havesome more?

RightThe cake is reallydelicious. Can I havesome more?

CommentRich significa rico = adinerado, abundante,de gran calidad, etc. No significa rico = boni-to, simpdtico, agradable, gracioso, etc, quese traduce por lovely, adorable. Tampoco signi-fica rico = sabroso, que se traduce por nice,delicious. Rich food es comida con alto conte-nido de grasas, huevos, azucar, etc.

Examples

He may be rich, but he certainlyisn't generous.

The province of Asturias is richin coal.I found the cake too rich.

Sera" rico, pero de generoso notiene nada.Asturias es una provincia ricaencarbbn.El pastel me pareciti demasiadodulce.

Exercises1. jQu6 niiio mas rico! 2. jEsto esta riquisimo! 3. Esta" muy ricacon ese vestido. 4. Todos los postres eran muy empalagosos.

116 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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rich

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She took off herrope and got into ^the bath.

Right IShe took off her |clothes and got |into the bath. 1i>

Comment

Rope significa cuerda, soga. No significaropa, que se traduce por clothes,clothing.

{ RightI don't like this • \ don't like thismaterial, it's too <:' material, it's toorude. I rough.

Comment

Rude significa maleducado, grosero. Nosignifica rudo, que se traduce por rough,coarse, ignorant; hard (un golpe, tra-bajo, etc).

Comment

Rumour significa rumor = chisme, ha-bladurfa. No significa rumor = murmu-llo o zumbido, que se traduce pormurmur, murmuring, buzz.

I RightHe sacked his ' He took out hisdiary and wrote f diary and wrotedown the number. ? down the number.

Comment

To sack significa echar, despedir. No sig-nifica sacar, que se traduce por to takeout, get out, put out, etc.

ExamplesShe reached out for the rope.They secured the load with a rope.

Estirti el brazo para coger la cuerda.Sujetaron la carga con una cuerda.

Exercises1. No te puedes poner esta ropa sucia. 2. Llevaban ropa ligera. 3. Pusola ropa en la silla.

ExamplesShe was incredibly rude.Such a rude letter doesn't deservea reply.Don't point at people, it's rude.

Fue increfblemente grosera.Una carta tan descortes ni siquieramerece contestation.No senales a la gente con el dedo,esde mala education.

Exercises1. Ese trabajo es muy rudo. 2. Es un campesino pobre y rudo. 3. No me jgusta esta tela, es muy ruda. 4. Tiene unos modales un poco rudos, Ipero es muy buena persona.

rumour

WrongSitting on the ^beach, they could ihear only thegentle rumour of «Jthe waves. -'

;•

443 BB

Right fSitting on the jbeach, they fcould hear only * ..the gentle |murmur of the f |-waves. f r

ExamplesHe tried to assure them that the !rumor was false.There are rumours that the priceof cigarettes is going up.

Tratb de convencerlos de que elrumor era falso.Hay rumores de que va a subir eltabaco.

Exercises1. Desde la habitacitin se ofa el rumor de las olas. 2. Cuando anuncitisu dimisi6n se levantti un rumor en la sala.

1 Examples

He was sacked for incompetence.They sacked them at I.

Le despidieron por incompetente.Echaron a todos.

Exercises1. Hay que sacar la basura. 2. Saqu6 la carne del congelador. 3. Sac6una pistola del bolsillo. 4. Sac6 la agenda.

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salute 445

WrongHe never salutesanyone when hecomes into theoffice.

RightHe never sayshello to anyonewhen he comesinto the office.

Comment

To salute significa saludar (en el ejet-cito). Tambien significa rendir homena-je a. No significa saludar = decir hola,que se traduce por to say hello, to greet.

ExamplesThe soldier stood to attention to j El soldado se cuadrti para saludar a

su superior.Queremos rendir homenaje a Bill

salute his superior.We salute Bill Ford for hiscontribution to the firm. Ford por su contribution a la

empresa.

Exercises |1. Fui a saludarlo. 2. Saludo" al publico con el puno en alto. 3. Nunca fsaluda a nadie cuando llega a la oficina. 4. Saluda a tu hermano de mi |parte.

WrongI have sane teethbecause I brushthem regularly.

RightI have healthyteeth because Ibrush themregularly.

Comment

Sane significa cuerdo o sensato. No sig-nifica sano, que se traduce por healthy.

Examplesi

It's the only thing that keeps me I Es lo que impide que me vuelvasane. 1 loco.I began to wonder whether he was 1 Empec6apreguntarmesiestabaentirely sane. I en sus cabales.He gave her a piece of sane advice. 1 Le dio un sabio consejo.

Exercises1. El nifio se criaba sano y fuerte. 2. Tengo los dientes sanos porqueme los cuido. 3. Andar es muy sano. 4. Creci6 en un ambiente fami I iarmuy sano.

WrongThey had a visitfrom the sanityinspector.

RightThey had a visitfrom the healthinspector.

Comment

Sanity significa salud mental, cordura,juicio. No significa sanidad = salud, quese traduce por health, ni sanidad = hi-giene, que se traduce por hygiene,sanitation.

1 ExamplesShe died without regaining hersanity.Fortunately sanity prevailed.

Muri6 sin recuperar la cordura.

Afortunadamente se impuso elbuenjuicio.

Exercises1. La sanidad ha mejorado mucho en este pais. 2. Recibieron la visitade un inspector de sanidad. 3. Tenemos problemas de sanidad en estaciudad.

118 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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scandal

Wrong

A drunk wascausing a scandalin the street.

RightA drunk wascausing adisturbance inthe street.

Comment

Scandal significa escdndalo (que pro-voca rechazo e indignacitin publica),pero no significa escandalo = alboroto,que se traduce por disturbance, racket,fuss, etc. Tambien significa habladurfa,chismorreo.

Examples

The affair blew up into a majorscandal.The scandal has shaken thefinancial world.I've got ajuicy bit of scandalfor you.

El caso terminti en un granescandalo.El escandalo ha conmocionadoal mundo de las finanzas.Te traigo un chismejugoso.

Exercises"\. ,/A qu6 viene tanto esca"ndalo? 2. ^Por qu6 tiene que armar tantoescandalo? 3. El escandalo ha sido un verdadero festin para la prensa.4. Un borracho montaba un escSndalo en la calle.

scandalous

WrongThese childrenare so scandalous1 can't hear ^myself think.

449

Right |These children :;

&are so noisy 1 acan't hear |myself think. j

Comment !;?Scandalous significa escandaloso = ver- |gonzoso. No significa escandaloso = rui- fdoso, que se traduce por noisy. |

Examples

It is scandalous that we should beexpected to pay.

His behaviour toward his wife wasscandalous.

| Es escanda loso que pretendan que| paguemos nosotros.

* Fue vergonzoso c6mo se port6 conI su mujer.

Exercises1. Estos nifios son muy escandalosos, no paran de gritar. 2. No seastan escandaloso.

Wrong

The audiencebooed andwhistled untilthe actor leftthe scenario.

RightThe audiencebooed andwhistled untilthe actor leftthe stage.

CommentScenario significa guibn (de una pelf-cula). No significa escenario, que se tra- |duce por stage, scene, setting.

Examples

11 iked the novel so much that Idecided to write a scenario 'adapti ng it for the screen. iThis actor was given the scenario :so that he may read it and say if he \wanted to do the f i Im or not. !

Como me gusto tanto la novela,decidi escribir un guidn paraadaptarla al cine.

Lehandadoelguidnaeseactorparaqueloleaydigasiquierehacerlapelfculaono.

Exercises $I

1. Atravesrj el escenario. 2. Esta ciudad fue el escenario de una impor- *tante batalla. 3. Juntando unas mesas improvisaron un escenario. 4.Era el escenario perfecto para una boda.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 119

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scheme

WrongMake a scheme ofthe report beforeyou start writing.

RightMake an outlineof the reportbefore you startwriting.

Comment

Scheme significa play, proyecto o ar-did. No significa esquema, que se tradu-ce por outline, sketch, diagram.

> Examples

He has devised a newjob-creation *scheme.He pays into a pension scheme. ^It's another of her schemes. **

Ha ideado un nuevo plan para lacreation de empleo.Cotiza a un plan de pensiones.Esotrodesusardides.

Exercises1. Me gusta el esquema, pero tienes que darle ma's cuerpo. 2. El gobier-no ha declarado su interes en el proyecto. 3. Haz un esquema del arti-culo antes de empezar a escribir.

scholar

WrongThe schoolaccepts scholarsfrom the age offive.

RightThe schoolaccepts pupilsfrom the age offive.

Comment

Scholar significa erudito, especialista obecario. No significa escolar (alumno),que se traduce por pupil, schoolboy,schoolgirl.

Examples

She was a famous Latin scholar | Fue una famosa latinista.6

Scholars have been unable to agree | Los especial istas no se nan puestoon a date. I de acuerdo en la fecha.

Exercises1. Ha habido un accidente de un autobus de escolares que iban deexcursitin. 2. Los escolares mas pequenos salen media hora antes quelos mayores.

secular 453

Wrong I Right |Bullfighting is asecular traditionin Spain - itdates backhundreds ofyears.

Bullfighting isan age-oldtradition inSpain - it datesback hundredsof years.

Comment

Secular equivale a la palabra espanola se-cular = no religiose. Pero no significasecular = duradero, centenario, que setraduce por age-old, centuries-old.

Examples

He made the transition frommonastic to secular life withoutany problems.The bishop also has secular duties.

Paso de la vida monastica a lasecular sin problemas.

El obispo tambie~n tiene deberesseculares.

Exercises1. Todavia mantienen tradiciones seculares. 2. El toreo en Espana esuna tradicidn secular.

120 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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secure

Wrong

I'm not reallysecure, but 1 thinkhe lives in Hendon.

454«

Right I' I'm not really sure, |• but 1 think he lives |

in Hendon. 1

ExamplesHe doesn't feel secure.

I'd feel more secure if thedoor were locked.

He has a fairly securejob.

No se siente seguro.Me sentina mas segura si la puer-ta estuviera cerrada con Have.Tiene un trabajo bastante seguro.

CommentSecure signified seguro = sin peligro, esta-ble. No significa seguro = sin dudas, conven-cido, que se traduce por sure, certain, definite.

semblance

WrongThe interviewergave a shortsemblance ofhis guest.

Exercises

1. Estoy seguro de que vendra". 2. No estoy muy seguro, perocreo que 6se es su nombre. 3. Estoy seguro de que podemosllegar a un acuerdo.

RightThe interviewergave a short bio-graphical sketchof his guest.

ExamplesThey managed to maintain somesemblance of order.They put on a semblance of unity.

There isn't even a semblance of aplot in the novel.

Lograron mantener cierta aparienciadeorden.Se mostraron unidos.

No hay ni asomo de argumento enlanovela.

Comment |tSemblance significa apariencia. No sig- |

nifica semblanza, que se traduce por ,portrait, biographical sketch. :

Exercises \1. La profesora nos ha mandado hacer una semblanza de este personaje.;

2. Tras hacer una semblanza del homenajeado, el director propuso un|brindis. 3. El entrevistador realize una breve semblanza de su invitado.;

Right

Babies are verysensitive to heat. I

Wrong

Babies are verysensible to heat.

Comment ^^

Sensible significa sensato, practice, :

prudente. No equivale al espanol sensi- ^ble, que se traduce por sensitive, o (im- *portante) marked, appreciable.

' ExamplesYou made a very sensible decision.

Be sensible, you can't do it all onyour own.I think that's the most sensiblething to do.

Tomaste una decision muy sensata.

S6 razonable, no lo puedes hacertodo tu solo.Me parece que es lo ma's sensato.

V H- -** *\<> »,« .,tsl *' .*^>,<»««*Fv*>»im!«WM«»!ISSMWr

sentenceWrong

He uses a lot ofpopular sentences ,'to back up hisargument.v^w**1- <•*£»» »*. «,*•*»*>*«!*

457!

Right *He uses a lot of 'popular sayings |to back up his |argument. 'i*»«W5«»***r«RWai SUWiWSiSiif

• ExamplesWould you mind repeating the |first sentence? j

I couldn't finish the sentence. j

He was given a fifteen-yearjail jsentence. j

Comment 5

Sentence significa oracibn, frase. Tambie'nlsignifica sentencia = resolucidn de unljuez. No significa sentencia = maxima, Ique se traduce por motto, maxim, saying. |

Exercises |1. Los bebes son muy sensibles al calor. 2. Hasta ahora todas sus "acciones nan sido prudentes. 3. Es una chica muy sensible. 4. Ha habi- *do una sensible disminucioYi en el numero de accidentes. 5. Ha mos- Itrado una sensible mejorfa. |

S3M*w»fir*MiM flwjoiii!WiA*-»wvit. •« .*.««»»<v»i«*

^Le importaria repetir la primera |frase? |Nopudeterminarlaoraci6n. |

Se le impuso una condena de |quince anosdeprisitin. |

Exercises I1. Hay una sentencia popular que dice que a quien madruga, Dios le *ayuda. 2. Muchas sentencias recogen con sabiduria el sentir popular. 3. |Siempre aduce alguna sentencia o algun refr^n para apoyar lo que dice. ?

^^b feg*! ^^

EDITORIAL STANLEY 121

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signature

Wrong •[In many schools, |English is a com- tpulsory signature. |

RightIn many schools,English is a com-pulsory subject.

Comment

Signature significa firma. No significa sig-natura, que se traduce por cataloguenumber. Tampoco significa asignatura,que se traduce por subject.

WrongThis is a serious

RightThis is a serious

problem; we must problem; we mustlook for a way to J look for a way tosort it. : get round it.

Comment

To sort significa clasificar. No significasortear, que se traduce por to get round,find a way round (un obstdculo, pro-blema); to draw lots for (echar a suer-tes); to raffle (rifar).

WrongCaptain Alatristestood spade inhand, ready todefend himself.

RightCaptain Alatristestood sword inhand, ready to *defend himself. I

Comment |

Spade significa pala. No significa espada, :que se traduce por sword.

splendid

Wrong ;

He was verysplendid withthe champagne. ;

461

Right I;He was very llavish with the 5champagne. |

Comment

Splendid significa esp!6ndido = mag-nifico, estupendo. No significa espien-jdido = generoso, que se traduce porjgenerous, lavish. :'

ExamplesThe document requires two moresignatures.The account holder's signature isrequired.

El documento requiere otras dosfirmas.Se necesita la firma del titular delacuenta.

Exercises fI.Aprobo todas las asignaturas. 2. La signatura del libra o numero de *catcilogo es el 862.3. El ingles es una asignatura obligatoria. •

Examples

The mail is all sorted at thisoffice.We were sorted into groupsaccording to our level.

Clasifican todo el correo en estaoficina.Nos pusieron en grupos segunnuestronivel.

Exercises *I.Sortearon los puestos de salida. 2. Se las ingeniaron para sortear el ;

obstaculo. 3. Se sortearS un coche. 4. Intentaremos sortear las difi- ;cultades. *

* Examples

The spade sank into the soft clay. "We'll use that spade to dig a hole. "

La pala se hunditi en la tierra blanda.Utilizaremos esa pala para cavar unhoyo.

Exercises1. Esperaba, espada en mano, listo para atacar. 2. Clav6 o hinc6 suespada en la tierra.

• ExamplesHe's supported by a splendid cast. * Lo secunda o respalda un magnff i- -

co elenco de actores. ;A splendid chandelier hung from ' Del techo colgaba una espiendidathe ceiling. ,. araria de luces.

Exercises !\1. Fue muy espiendido con el champ^n. 2. Tu regalo fue realmente 'espiendido.

122 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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sort

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WrongThe bookpresents a vividstamp of life inthe 19th century.

RightThe bookpresents a vividpicture of lifein the 19thcentury.

Comment

Stamp significa sello. No significa estam-pa, que se traduce por picture, illustration.

ExamplesThe certificate had an officialstamp on it.Ten stamps for Europe, please.

El certificado llevaba un sellooficial.Diez sellos para Europa, por favor

Exercises1. Es una fascinante estampa de la vida en la Rusia imperial. 2. Son laviva estampa del amor fraterno.

Wrong | RightEach year 20 mil- I Each year 20 mil-lion strangers | lion foreignersvisit our country. $ visit our country.

Comment

Stranger significa forastero, desconoci-jdo. No significa extranjero, que se traduce ]por foreigner, foreign.

WrongAfter the matchthe playersstretched hands.

RightAfter the matchthe playersshook hands.

Comment

To stretch significa estirar, extender. Nosignifica estrechar, que se traduce por tonarrow, tighten, shake (hands).

WrongThis region has avery suave climate.

RightThis region has avery mild climate.!

Comment

Suave significa amable, afable; zalame-ro. No equivale a la palabra espafiola sua-ve, que se traduce por smooth, soft;gentle, mild.

Examples

You're not welcome here, stranger.She chats away happily to com-plete strangers.

Largo de aquf, forastero.Se pone a charlar tranquilamentecon cualquier extrano.

Exercises1. Por su condicioYi de extranjero tenfa ma's dificultad para encontrartrabajo. 2. Son matices que a un extranjero le costarfa entender. 3. Elestado de la economfa no ofrece alicientes al inversor extranjero. 4.Nuestra cultura ha asimilado muchas influencias extranjeras.

ExamplesI had to stretch my neck to see.I'm going to stretch my legs.I stretched out my hand to her.

Tuve que estirar el cuello para ver.Voy a estirar las piernas.Leextendflamano.

Exercises1. Despues del partido se estrecharon la mano. 2. Estrecharon el cercoen torno a I grupo. 3. La carretera se estrecha en el puente.

• Examples

He's very suave and sophisticated.

He's too suave for my liking.

Es extremadamente cumplido ysofisticado.Lo encuentro demasiado fino ysofisticado.

Exercises1. La tela es muy suave al tacto. 2. Esta regidn tiene un clima suave. 3.Me gusta el suave balanceo del barco sobre las olas. 4. Habfa una brisasuave.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 123

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stretch

stranger

stamp

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suburbs

WrongMost poor peoplelive in the suburbs.!

Right §Most poor people Ilive in slum areas. I

CommentNo se debe confundir el ingle's suburbs conla palabra espanola suburbios. Los suburbsson barrios perif6ricos y residenciales dondesuele vivir gente adinerada. Suburbios setraduce por slums, slum areas, workingclass area, etc.

WrongA strange thingsucceeded to methis morning.

RightA strange thinghappened to methis morning.

CommentTo succeed significa tener exito. No sig-nifica suceder (ocurrir), que se traducepor to happen, to occur.

• ExamplesThey live in the suburbs of Paris.

Hendon is a suburb of London.

Viven en un barrio residencial enlas afueras de Paris.Hendon es una zona residencial delas afueras de Londres.

Exercises1. Muchos pobres viven en los suburbios. 2. Viven en un barriotranquilo de las afueras.

ExamplesWe knew he would succeed inbusiness.We tried to open it but didn'tsucceed.Nothing succeeds like success.

Sabiamos que tendria exito en losnegocios.Intentamos abrirlo pero no loconseguimos.El exito llama al exito.

Exercises1. ^Que" le ha sucedido a Ram6n? 2. Ha tenido un exito que ha supera-do en mucho nuestras expectativas mas optimistas;. 3. Tarde o tem-prano tenia que suceder. 4. Esta mafiana me sucedid una cosa extrana.

RightHundreds ofreportersarrived to coverthe sad event,

Wrong

Hundreds ofreporters arrivedto cover the sad

Comment |

Success significa exito. No significa su-ceso, que se traduce por event, incident. I

suffocate

1 ExamplesTo what would you attribute hersuccess?They made a success of running thelanguage school.

(jA qu£ atribuiria usted su exito(deella)?Sacaron adelante con exito laescuela de idiomas.

Exercises1. Ese suceso conmoviti a la opinidn publica. 2. Lo considerd como elsuceso m^s importante del aiio. 3. Se trasladaron al lugar del suceso.

Right |

It took the firemen :;several hours to ex- [tinguish the fire. |

Hb*i«*JCrt»

Wrong I

It took the firemen !several hours to |suffocate the fire. I

Comment ITo suffocate significa ahogarse, afixiarse. No;significa sofocar (un incendio, una rebelibn), |que se traduce por to put out, extinguish (a Ifire), to put down (a rebellion). Tampoco sig- jnifica sofocarse, que se traduce por to get upset. |

Examples

I'm suffocating in this sweater.I'm suffocating in this smokyatmosphere.

Me asfixio con este sueter.Me estoy ahogando con tantohumo.

Exercises1. Sofocaron el incendio con arena. 2. Se sofocd porque el porte-ro tratd de impedirle la entrada. 3. Necesitaron varias horas parasofocar el fuego. 4. No te sofoques, todo se arreglara.

124 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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suffocated

She's suffocatedfrom running somuch.

RightShe's out ofbreath fromrunning so much.

Comment

Suffocated significa muerto asfixiado.No significa sofocado = sin aliento, quese traduce por out of breath.

• Examples

By some miracle they escapedbeing suffocated.He suffocated.

Exercises1. Lleg6 sofocado. 2. Esta" sofocada de tanto correr.

Se libraron de milagro de morirasfixiados.La muerte se produjo por asfixia.

suggestion

You're not ill, it'spure suggestion.

RightYou're not ill, it'sall in the mind.

Comment

Suggestion significa sugerencia. No sig-nifica sugestion, que se traduce, a menu-do, con la expresidn all in the mind.

support

Wrong

They're alwaysfighting, theyjust can't supporteach other.

RightThey're alwaysfighting, theyjust can't standeach other.

Comment

To support significa soportar = sostenerun peso. TambieYi significa mantener eco-n6micamente. No significa soportar =aguantar a una persona o situacion des-agradable, que se traduce por to put upwith, to stand, to bear.

suspend

RightThey suspended They failed herher in history and in history andgeography. geography.

Comment

To suspend significa suspender = col-gar; posponer. No significa suspender (enexamenes), que se traduce por to fail.

Examples

Can I make a suggestion?He expressed his indignation atthis suggestion.I'm open to suggestions.

^Puedo hacer una sugerencia?.Expreso su indignacidn ante estasugerencia.Acepto sugerencias.

Exercises

1. No estas enfermo, es pura sugestitin. 2. Tiene gran poder de suges-tion. 3. La sugerencia fue recibida con risotadas. 4. No creo que sea unfantasma, es pura sugestitin.

' Examples

Four poles support the awning.The chair couldn't support hisweight.He doesn't earn enough tosupport them.The hospital is supported entirelyby private donations.

Cuatro postes soportan el toldo.La si I la no pudo aguantar su peso.

No gana lo suficiente como paramantenerlos.El hospital esta enteramente financia-do por donaciones de particulares.

Exercises1. No podia soportar el dolor. 2. No nos soportamos. 3. Soportti todassus penas sin rechistar. 4. No podia soportar ma's ese clima. 5. Me vaa tener que soportar como soy.

La escultura estaba suspendida deltecho.El partido se suspendid a causa dela lluvia.

The sculpture was suspended fromthe ceiling.The match was suspended becauseof the rain.

Exercises1. La suspendieron en ffsica. 2. Mi amigo fue suspendido en matemati-cas. 3. Queda suspendido el servicio de autobuses hasta nuevo aviso.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 125

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sympatheticWrong ; RightI think you're i I think you'rereally sympathetic, | really nice,but I don't love | but I don'tyou. I love you.ft, *W*»»s«iMrwSl iWnsV'

CommentSympathetic significa compasivo, com-prensivo. No significa simpdtico, quese traduce por friendly, likeable, pleas-ant, nice.

sympathize

Wrong RightThey didn't sym- - They didn't getpathize at all but v on well at all butdisliked each disliked eachother instantly. | other instantly.

CommentTo sympathize significa compadecerse,condolerse, compartir. No significa sim-patizar, que se traduce por to get on welltogether, to hit it off, to like.

Wrong

The Andalusiansare famous fortheir sympathy.

; RightThe Andalusiansare famous fortheir friendliness.

Comment *

Sympathy significa compasitin, compren-si6n. No significa simpatia, que se tradu-,ce por friendliness, liking, affection. :

syndicate

ExamplesShe was very sympathetic towards me r

when I told her what had happened, fThey weren't in the least |sympathetic. IThey listened with a sympathetic ear. )

Se mostrd muy comprensiva conmigo *cuando le dye lo que habia pasado. INo demostraron ninguna 1comprension. IEscuchaban con actitud comprensiva. *

Exercises1 . Es un tipo realmente simpa~tico. 2. No estuvo demasiado simpatico conella. 3. Le resulta simpatico pero no le quiere. 4. Mis vecinos no son muysimpa'ticos.

: Right *

Both the manage- Both the man-ment and the agement and the |syndicates want unions want to *to avoid a strike. » avoid a strike. J

Comment |Syndicate significa agrupacidn. No signi-fica sindicato, que se traduce por trade!union (UK), labor union (US). *

Examples

Are you going to the dentist? Ido sympathize.Although I fully sympathize withyou, I'm afraid I can't help.

(jVas al dentista? te compadezco.

Aunque te comprendo perfectamen-te, me temo que no puedo ayudarte.

Exercises"\. Al principle no simpatizamos. 2. En seguida simpatice con ellos.3. Lo comprendo pero esto no puede continuar.

ExamplesThe unemployed need more thansympathy.Please accept this expression ofour deepest sympathy.

Los desocupados necesitan algomasquecompasitin.Le rogamos acepte nuestro m3ssentido p6same.

Exercises"(. Le tengo una gran simpatia. 2. Su simpatia no es mas que unafachada. 3. Pronto se gand nuestra simpatia. 4. Los andaluces sonfamosos por su simpatia.

* Examples

He addressed a syndicate of leadingbusinessmen.This week'sjackpot has been wonby a 13-man syndicate.

Se dirigid a una importante agru-pacion de hombres de negocios.Esta semana ganO el premio ungrupode13personas.

Exercises1. Los empresarios finalmente cedieron a las demandas del sindicato.2. Los delegados del sindicato iban a la cabeza de la manifestacitin.3. Intentaron evitar un cheque frontal con el sindicato.

126 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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Wrong

The pirates madetheir prisonerswalk the table.

Right

The pirates madetheir prisonerswalk the plank.

Comment

Table signified mesa; o (en un texto)tabla, cuadro. No significa tabla (demadera), que se traduce por board, plank.

ExamplesThere was a pile of papers on thetable.

He looked it up in the table ofelements.

Habfa un monttin de papelesencima de la mesa.

Lo consultti en la tabla deelementos.

Exercises1. Comprti unas tablas para utilizarlas como estantes. 2. Un monopatfnse compone de una tabla con ruedas. 3. Habfa cortado la tabla por lamitad (con una sierra).

Right

I don't like this I don't like thismaterial, it's very material, it'srough to the very rough totact. the touch.

Comment

Tact significa tacto = tiento, cuidado.No significa tacto = sentido corporal, quese traduce por touch.

Wrong

Repairs to theroof are the re-sponsibility ofthe landlord, notthe lieutenant.

Comment

Right

Repairs to theroof are the re-sponsibility ofthe landlord,not the tenant.

Tenant significa inquilino. No significateniente, que se traduce por lieutenant.

Wrong

He's incrediblyboring - his ideasare nothing buttopics.

Right

He's incrediblyboring - hisideas are nothingbut cliches.

Comment

Topic significa tema. No significa ttipico,que se traduce por cliche, commonplace,platitude.

Examples

They showed an incredible lackof tact.

She handled the problem withtact.

Mostraron una increible falta detacto.

TratO el problema con gran tacto.

Exercises1. Esta toalla es cispera al tacto. 2. Tiene el sentido del tacto muydesarrollado. 3. En eso demostrti tener muy poco tacto.

Examples

He was given a lieutenant'scommission.

Le entregaron el despacho deteniente.

Exercises1. El inquilino debe comunicar que se marcha con un mes de antela-citin. 2. El armario lo heredamos del inquilino anterior. 3. Teniente esungradomilitar.

Examples

Cambiaron de tema de conversation.They switched to a different topicof conversation. ;

She suggested a topic for discussion.: Sugiriti un tema para debatir.

Exercises

1. Su opinion sobre el amor se basa s6lo en ttipicos literarios. 2. Eltema del debate fue la inmigracidn. 3. Se dicen muchos topicos sobrelos habitantes de esta region.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 127

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i¥rongThe police set atramp for therobbers.

RightThe police seta trap for therobbers.

Comment

Tramp significa vagabundo. No significatrampa, que se traduce por trap.

transcend

Wrong

The strike hastranscended toother industries.

RightThe strike hasspread to otherindustries.

CommentTo transcend significa sobrepasar, su-perar, rebasar. No significa trascender,que se traduce por to spread, to go be-yond, to leak out (noticias).

transcendental

Her help wastranscendental inenabling them to :

finish on time.

484

Right

Her help was cru-cial in enablingthem to finishon time.

CommentTranscendental significa tra(n)scendental =que traspasa los If mites del conocimientohumano. No significa trascendental = impor-tante, que se traduce por crucial, momentous,far-reaching.

treatment

What is the cor- ".rect treatment touse when speak- \ing to a prince?

485

Right

What is the correctform of address touse when speakingto a prince?

CommentTreatment significa tratamiento = m6-todo para curar, comportamiento ha-cia alguien, etc. No significa tratamiento= tftulo de cortesfa, que se traduce portitle, form of address.

* ExamplesThe police moved the tramp on. La policia hizo que el vagabundo

se marchara.A few tramps sleep in the station. En la estacion duermen algunos

vagabundos.

Exercises1. Has caido en la trampa. 2. La policia les habfa tendido una trampa.

ExamplesShe learned to transcend her grief. Aprenditi a sobreponerse a su dolor.The event transcends our ability to El acontecimiento supera nuestra ca-

pacidad para comprenderlo.El deseo de terminar esta guerra va

understand it.The desire to end this wartranscends party loyalties. mas alia de los partidismos.

Exercises1. El problema trasciende los limites de mis competencias. 2. La huel-ga ha trascendido a otros departamentos. 3. El programa trasciendelas fronteras nacionales. 4. Ha trascendido la noticia.

Examples

He's very interested intranscendental meditation.The book is full of eternal truthsand transcendental values.

Le interesa mucho la meditacitintrascendental.El libra esta lleno de verdadeseternas y valores trascendentales.

Exercises1. No se puede decir que haya sido un descubrimiento trascenden-tal. 2. La firma del tratado fue una ocasidn trascendental. 3. Suayuda fue trascendental para que pudieran terminar a tiempo.

Examples

The patient is responding well tothe treatment.They were subjected to inhumantreatment.

El paciente esta respondiendo bienal tratamiento.Fueron sometidos a un tratoinhumane.

Exercises1. Le da tratamiento de usted. 2. Es el tratamiento que se le da a un

juez. 3. El tratamiento de los residues es muy complejo.

128 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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RightWhen he retired, When he retired,he trespassed he transferredthe business to the business tohis son. his son.

Comment

To trespass significa entrar sin autori-zacitin (en una propiedad privada). Nosignifica traspasar, que se traduce por togo right through (un muro, una made-ra, etc); to cross (una frontera, un rfo);to transfer (un negocio, etc).

Examples

They were trespassing on my land.

No trespassing.

Habian entrado en mi propiedadsinautorizacitin.

Prohibidalaentrada.

Exercises

1. El clavo ha traspasado la pared. 2. Traspasb la Ifnea fronteriza.

3. La salsa traspasd el mantel. 4. Le traspasti el negocio a su hijo.

Wrong

All kinds ofclothes look goodon her becauseshe has a fantas-tic type.

Right

All kinds ofclothes lookgood on her be-cause she has afantastic figure.

Comment

Type significa tipo = modelo, clase. No $

significa tipo = individuo, que se traduce '

por guy, chap, fellow. Tampoco significa |

tipo = figura, que se traduce por figure. *

Ntitese: el tipo de cambio = theexchange rate. '

Examples

This kind of work is exhausting.

She knows all types of people.

It's the type of car young peopleprefer.

Estetipodetrabajoesagotador.

Conoce a gente de todo ti po.

Es el tipo de coche preferido porIosj6venes.

Exercises

1. Es un tipo muy simpa'tico. 2. La actriz tiene muy buen tipo. 3. Se

cree que es un tipo duro. 4. El tipo de cambio es muy ventajoso para

nosotros.

Wrong

This chapterappeared only inulterior editionsof the book.

Right

This chapterappeared only inlater editions ofthe book.

Comment

Ulterior significa oculto (motivo). No

significa ulterior, que se traduce por

subsequent, later.

• Examples

She has ulterior motives for coming.' Ha venido por algun motivo oculto.

Exercises

1. El acuerdo al que se Ileg6 entonces fue invalidado por otro ulterior.

2. No puedo creer que su ayuda no sea interesada.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 129

trespass

type

ulterior

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He's changed *a lot since the £ultimate time we tsaw him.

RightHe's changeda lot since thelast time we sawhim.

Comment ^\Ultimate signified definitive, final, !fundamental. No significa ultimo, que *se traduce por last. j

ultimately E-'j 490<K

WrongI've been verybusy ultimatelyand haven't hadtime to write.

? Right |* I've been very 1• busy recently |

and haven't had |, time to write. '

Comment

Ultimately significa finalmente (des-pu£s de una serie de acontecimientos.No significa ultimamente, que se traducepor lately, recently.

unconscious

Wrong ~ RightAt that age | At that ageyoung people « young peopleare often very j: are often veryunconscious. ! irresponsible.

*• *!».5KPS*#&'*** §P "SHsW i*.

Comment

Unconscious significa inconsciente = sinsentido; no voluntario. No significa in-consciente = irresponsable, que se tra-duce por irresponsible, thoughtless.

ungrateful

Wrong 5 RightHousework is such | Housework isan ungrateful | such an thanklesstask. I task.

Comment

Ungrateful significa ingrato (de una per-sona). No significa ingrato = desagrada-ble, diffcil (trabajo, tarea), que se traducepor thankless, unpleasant.

<i,Quien va a tomar la decision final?|Su objetivo fundamental es conse- -guirfondos. JEs la maxima autoridad en el tema.

• ExamplesWho has to take the ultimate decision? *Their ultimate purpose is to raisefunds. *He's the ultimate authority on thesubject.

Exercises1. La vi por ultima vez hace dos dias. 2. Nos sentamos en la ultima fila.3. Tu tienes la ultima palabra. 4. No ha cambiado mucho desde la ultimavez que lo vimos.

• Examples

The Versa i I les Treaty and theDepression of the 30's ultimatelybrought about the Second WorldWar.U Iti mately, the operation turnedout not to be technically viable.

El Tratado de Versalles y la depre-si6n de los aiios 30 finalmentecondujeron al mundo a la SegundaGuerraMundial.Finalmente result6 que la opera-ci6n no era t6cnicamente viable.

Exercises1. Oltimamente viene poco por aqui. 2. ^Has visto a Christopherultimamente. 3. Oltimamente anda con malas companfas.

• ExamplesThe blow knocked me unconscious.She lay unconscious on the floor.It was an unconscious gesture.

El golpe me dej6 sin sentido. •Estaba tendida en el suelo sin sentido.'Fue un gesto inconsciente. j

Exercises |1. jQu6 inconsciente!, dejar los estudios a estas alturas. 2. Estuvo *inconsciente durante cinco minutos. 3. S6lo un inconsciente dejarfa el *coche abierto. 4. A esa edad losjdvenes son unos inconscientes. |

1 ExamplesI don't want to sound ungrateful.How can you be so ungrateful toher?

No quisiera parecer desagradecido. |,<C6mo puedes ser tan i ngrato con iella? !

Exercises j1. El trabajo de la casa es una tarea muy ingrata. 2. Me nan encomen- •dado la ingrata tarea de darles la noticia.

130 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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vague

WrongHe's too vague togo out and lookfor a job.

RightHe's too lazy togo out and lookfor a job.

Examples

I don't I ike vague promises, * No me gustan las promesas inconcretas.We have a vague idea of how it ^ Tenemos una vaga idea de c6mo ha dechra ilH \nn\f t, ni iprlarshould look. quedar.

Comment IVague significa vago = impreciso. No sig- ;nifica vago = perezoso, que se traduce Ipor lazy. f

Exercises1. Le despidieron por vago. 2. Las instrucciones eran muy vagas. 3. Esde lo ma's vago que hay.

valour

WrongThese documentsare of enormoushistorical valour.

RightThese documentsare of enormoushistorical value.

Comment

Valour significa valor = coraje, aunque esmas frecuente usar bravery o courage. Nosignifica valor = precio o importancia deuna cosa, que se traduce por value, worth.Tampoco significa valor = caradura, des-vergiienza, que se traduce por nerve, cheek.

Examples

The general is a man of greatvalour.He demonstrated his valour whenhe confronted the thieves.

El general es un hombre de granvalor.Demostrti su valor enfrentandosea los ladrones.

Exercises1 . Le falta valor para hacerlo. 2. Estos documentos tienen un gran valorhistoYico. 3. Tuvo el valor de pedirme m3s dinero. ;

Wrong * RightShe put the flow- , She put the flow- ^ers in a valuable " ers in a valuable ^Chinese glass. ! Chinese vase. ?

• Examples

Be careful with that vase.She knocked the vase off the shelf.

Ten cuidado con esejarron.Tiro eljarrtin de la estanterfa.

Comment ExercisesVase significajarrbn. No significa vaso, que | 1. Se ha bebido cuatro vasos de agua seguidos. 2. Le tir6 el vaso quese traduce por glass. i tenfa en la mano.

versatile

WrongYou never knowhow she'll react-she's veryversatile.

496

? Right tYou never know y

: how she'll react |> -she's very |I fickle. i

mt

Comment |

Versatile significa versdtil = de talentos :variados; adaptable a muchas cosas. No |significa versalil = de car^cter incons- 1tante, que se traduce por changeable, Ifickle.

Examples

Thejob requires someone versatile.

She is a versatile assistant manager,

^

El puesto requiere una personapolifacetica.Es una subdirectora polifacetica.

Exercises1. Tiene un car^cter muy vers^til. 2. No les gustan los empleadosversatiles.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 131

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RightThe sonnet is The sonnet isa poem with a poem withfourteen verses. fourteen lines.

CommentVerse puede significar verso = poesfa,pero su acepci6n primera es estrofa o ver-siculo (de la Bibla). No significa verso= cada Imea del poema, que se traducepor line.

Examples

It's written in verse.Sing the second verse again.

Esta escrito en verso.Canta la segunda estrofa otra vez.

Exercises1. El soneto es una composicion de catorce versos. 2. Desmenuzd el

poema verso a verso. 3. Se conoce poco sobre su obra en verso.

Wrong

You really arevicious - howmany's thatyou've smokednow?

RightYou really areaddicted - howmany's thatyou've smokednow?

CommentVicious significa brutal, feroz; malicio-so. No significa vicioso, que se traducepor depraved, profligate, dissolute. Tam-poco significa vicioso = muy aficionadoa algo, que se traduce por addicted,hooked. N6tese: a vicious circle = uncirculo vicioso.

Examples

There's a vicious streak in him.He has a vicious tongue.His wife has a vicious, schemingmind.He was the victim of a viciousattack.

Tiene una vena violenta.Tiene una lengua viperina.Su rnujer tiene una mente cruely maquinadora.Fue vfctima de un feroz ataque.

Exercises1. Es un vicioso de los videojuegos. 2. Conocen a la gente viciosa que

frecuenta esos antros. 3. jQu6 vicio tienes! ^cua'ntos te has fumado

ya? 4. Es un circulo vicioso.

violent

WrongHis unexpectedgenerosity mademe feel violentand confused.

499

RightHis unexpectedgenerosity mademe feel awkwardand confused. ;

CommentViolent significa violento = que se sir-ve de la fuerza. No significa violento =incbmodo, que se traduce por embar-rassed, awkward.

Examples

He met a violent death.She was the victim of a violentattack.

Tuvo una muerte violenta.Fue vfctima de un violento ataque.

Exercises1. Se sentia un poco violenta. 2. Fue una situation muy violenta. 3. Su

generosidad me hizo sentir violento. 4. Estaba a punto de llorar, lo

cual era muy violento.

132 EDITORIAL STANLEY

vicious

verse

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voluble soo

Wrong1 don't know ifhe'll like it ornot, he's veryvoluble.

; Right1 don't know ifhe'll like it or

( not, he's very~ fickle.

1I111

Comment I

Voluble significa locuaz. No significa vo- |luble (de cardcter inconstante), que setraduce por fickle, moody, changeable.

• Examples

Don't be so voluble in class.When you're a salesman, it's a plusto be voluble.

No seas tan hablador en clase.Para dedicarse a las ventas convie-ne ser locuaz.

Exercises

1. Es muy voluble en cuanto a gustos se refiere. 2. No me fio de lo queme ha dicho porque es muy voluble.

Wrong

When he becamea priest, hetook a vote ofcelibacy.

Right

When he becamea priest, hetook a vow ofcelibacy.

Comment

Vote significa voto (en una election).No significa voto = promesa, que se tra-duce por vow.

vulgar

Wrong

They treated himlike a vulgarcriminal.

RightThey treated himlike a commoncriminal.

Comment

Vulgar significa vulgar = grosero, de malgusto. No significa vulgar = corriente,que se traduce por ordinary, common, s

general.

Examples

He was the candidate who receivedmost votes.The result was eight votes infavour and two against.

Fue el candidate ma's votado.

El resultado fue de ocho votos afavor ydos en contra.

Exercises

1. Hizo voto de pobreza. 2. Habia hecho un voto de celibato. 3. Puedeasistir a la reunion pero no tiene voto.

Examples

She made a vulgar gesture.It's vulgar to talk with yourmouth full.She speaks in a very vulgar way.

Hizo un gesto grosero.Es de mala educaciOn hablar con labocallena.Tiene una forma de hablar muybarriobajera.

Exercises1. Lleva un vestido de lo mSs vulgar y corriente. 2. Me trataron comoa un vulgar delincuente. 3. No es ma's que un vulgar resfriado. 4. <jCuciles el nombre corriente de esta planta?

EDITORIAL STANLEY 133

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TESTS DE REPASO

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Tests de Repaso 1

En las frases siguientes las palabras en cursiva son falsos amigos. Corrjja las frases.

1. Many people in the company think that John will get the actual manager'sjob.2. Every evening he writes down what he has done during the day in his agenda .3. He's not in the office this week, he \sassisting a training course in London.4. I will try to resume the main points of the report.5. She got very good qualifications. in her final exams.

in a department store.6. I can't go to the party, I'm constipated1. She works as a dependent8. Eventually I'll accept their offer —I haven't decided yet.9. He removed the water to dissolve the aspirin faster.

10. The situation was made worse by the fault of water.11.1 won't be able to attend the meeting because of a previous compromise .12. When the price of petrol increased again, there were protest manifestations

Europe.13. She's a very educated person, she came to greet us as soon as she saw us.

all over

. that the president was dead., it's as simple as that.

14. The state radio station broadcast the notice15. The employees like him because he's a good patron16. Losing in the final of a competition is always a terrible deception17. Drivers were prevented that the roads were in bad condition.18. The music contributed to the exit of the party.19. I bought those books in a second-hand library,20. The Prado is one of the most relevant

on Charing Cross Road.museums in the world.

the company for negligence.21. She hired the best lawyers and demanded22. It's not convenient to eat, drink and smoke excessively.23. His hobbies include music, golf, cinema and lecture .24. She was six months embarrassed .25. Don't tell me the argument of the film, I haven't seen it yet.

Soluciones

1. No actual sino present, current.5^12

2. No agenda sino diary. ai21

3. No assisting sino attending.**6^4. No resume sino summarise. -422

5. No qualifications sino marks,6. No I'm constipated sino I have a cold.7. No dependent sino shop assistant.Ver 1g7

8. No eventually sino possibly.9. No removed sino stirred.

lO-Nofau/tsinolack-^251

11. No compromise sino engagement, commitment.12. No manifestations sino demonstrations.13. No educated sino polite.

14. No notice sino news.15. No patron sino boss.16. No deception sino disappointment.17. No prevented sino warned.18. No exit sino success.ifc23

19. No library sino bookshop.20. No relevant sino important.21. No demanded sino sued.22. No convenient sino advisable.23. No lecture sino reading. )&3l$.24. No embarrassed sino pregnant.25. No argument sino plot, story.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 137

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Tests de Repaso 2

En las frases siguientes las palabras en cursiva son falsos amigos. Corrija las frases.

1. The strike has transcended2. It's only human to equivocate.3. You have to balance

to other industries.

. the baby for a while before he'll go to sleep., it's full of smoke.

the gifts.4. The air in this room is very insane5. He asked the shop assistant to involve6. This sentence is ambiguous. Can't you word it distinctly7. This book is an arsenal of information.8. It's quite a large film, it lasts more than three hours.9. When he became a priest, he took a vote of celibacy

10. They gave him a gold watch as a jubilation present.11. It's lovely to aspire the fresh mountain air.12. The company sent him to London on a formation13. I'm not a permanent employee, my job is only eventual14. He has a brute income of £3,000 a month.15. These documents are of enormous historical valour16. She knew that she was agonizing

course.

but she never complained.17. She will probably be ascended,18. Don't give up, intend . again!19. He was covered with cardinals.20. All that work has extenuated _21. They run a home for ancient _

to Head of Department

_ after the fight,.mepeople.

22. The illness is following its normal curse .23. He never intervenes in the seminars we organize.24. Do you dispose of a minute? I need to talk to you.25. Socially I alternate. .with all kinds of people.

Soluciones

1. No transcended sino spread.2. No equivocate sino make mistakes.3. No balance sino rock. *^4. No insane sino unhealthy.s. No involve sino wrap. V&M.6. No distinctly sino cttff erently.7. No arsenal sino mine.8. No large sino long.9. No vote sino vow.

10. No jubilation sino retirement.11. No aspire sino breathe.12. No formation sino training.13. No eventual sino temporary.

138 EDITORIAL STANLEY

Tests de Repaso 2

En las frases siguientes las palabras en cursiva son falsos amigos. Corrija las frases.

1. The strike has transcended2. It's only human to equivocate.3. You have to balance

to other industries.

. the baby for a while before he'll go to sleep., it's full of smoke.

the gifts.4. The air in this room is very insane5. He asked the shop assistant to involve6. This sentence is ambiguous. Can't you word it distinctly7. This book is an arsenal of information.8. It's quite a large film, it lasts more than three hours.9. When he became a priest, he took a vote of celibacy

10. They gave him a gold watch as a jubilation present.11. It's lovely to aspire the fresh mountain air.12. The company sent him to London on a formation13. I'm not a permanent employee, my job is only eventual14. He has a brute income of £3,000 a month.15. These documents are of enormous historical valour16. She knew that she was agonizing

course.

but she never complained.17. She will probably be ascended,18. Don't give up, intend . again!19. He was covered with cardinals.20. All that work has extenuated _21. They run a home for ancient _

to Head of Department

_ after the fight,.mepeople.

22. The illness is following its normal curse .23. He never intervenes in the seminars we organize.24. Do you dispose of a minute? I need to talk to you.25. Socially I alternate. .with all kinds of people.

Soluciones

1. No transcended sino spread, k-483

2. No equivocate sino make mistakes. ^3. No balance sino rock. *^4. No insane sino unhealthy, r^s. No involve sino wrap. V&M.6. No distinctly sino differently. ^7. No araenaf sino mine. ^8. No large sino long. &L31B9. No vote sino vow. ^

10. NoJuW/at/on sino retirement.MHL215

11. No aspire sino breathe.5fcfi6

12. No formation sino training. JfcrJfil13. No eventual sino temporary. ^

14. No /n/te sino gross. ^15. No i/a/our sino value. ^16. No agonizing sino dying. -^17. No ascended sino promoted. ^18. No /ntencfsino try. ^19. No cardinals sino bruises. ^20. No extenuated sino exhausted.ijaL24Q

21. No ancient sino elderly. ^22. No curse sino course. ^23. No intervene sino take part.Vy3Q7

24. No d/spose of sino have. ^25. No alternate sino mix. ^^^

138 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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Tests de Repaso 3

En las frases siguientes las palabras en cursiva son falsos amigos. Corrija las frases.

1. "So all we can do is wait." — "Effectively"" ."2. He gave a very interesting conference on global warming.

the copper deposits.3. They have formed a consortium to explode4. They abated the old building in order to put up a new one.5. She's a real charlatan6. He joined the marine7. As the refrain

, shejust never stops talking,because he wanted to see the world.

says: an apple a day keeps the doctor away.8. You can call a taxi from the cabin at the end of the street.

in his marriage.and strong.

9. He was very disgraced10. The children were growing up sane_11. The car pulled out in front of us without advising .12. I'm not really secure , but I think he lives in Hendon.13. On winter evenings we used to sit around the chimney telling stories.14. Captain Alatriste stood spade in hand, ready to defend himself.15. My father bought actions in Telefonica.16. He employed a lot of time building his house.17. She's attracted by a career in the camp of engineering.18. She pretended to ignore his name.

to our intelligence.

_ us on tax matters,each other.

19. Our company pays him a lot of money to assess.20. They're always fighting, they just can't support _21. His explanation is an offence22. He's very complacent , he'll be delighted to take you home.23. His mother-in-law was a very absorbent woman.24. If you rest 10 from 50, the answer is 40.25. You can get a correspondence. to the Central Line from this station.

Soluciones

1. No effectively sino indeed, that's right.5feL2QZ

2. No conference sino lecture.3. No explode sino exploit.4. No abated sino knocked down.5. No charlatan sino chatterbox.6. No marine sino navy,7. No refrain sino proverb.8. No cabin sino phone box.9. No disgraced sino unhappy.

10. No sane sino healthy.11. No advising sino warning.12. No secure sino sure, certain.13. No c/wnneysino fireplace.

14. No spade sino sword,15. No actions sino shares.16. No employed sino spent.17. No camp sino field.fcafi

18. No ignore sino not to know.19. No assess sino advise.20. No support sino stand.21. No offence sino insult.22. No complacent sino helpful.23. No absorbent sino domineering.24. No rest sino subtract. ^^25. No correspondence sino connection.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 139

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Tests de Repaso 4

En las frases siguientes las palabras en cursiva son falsos amigos. Corrija las frases.

1. He consents his children by giving them everything they want.

2. The judge ordered the embargo of his assets.

3. He submitted a written instance to the manager.

4. The royal family was received with great apparatus .

5. The 19th of March is a public feast .

6. She gave me her pearl collar as a present.

7. I'm going to take a nap, don't let anybody molest me.

8. It was late so they accosted the children.

9. I thought he looked a bit rare. . What was wrong with him?

10. Can't you read? This is a no-smoking department11. She spent a barbarity in the sales.

12. I can't concentrate, my thoughts keep erring

13. They're looking for a house with three alcoves

14. What did they regale you for your birthday ?

from the subject.

15. They had no concrete. plans for the weekend.

16. The garden looks lovely when the rose bushes are florid .

17. They accorded to meet again.

18. The purpose of pornography is to provoke luxury .

19. "How do you know, Holmes?" — "Elemental , my dear Watson."

20. They treated him like a vulgar criminal.

21. It used to be a luxury but actually it's a necessity.

22. They registered the woods but didn't find the body.

23. The duel accompanied the coffin to the cemetery.

24. I phoned several times but nobody contested .

25. The city experimented a period of considerable growth.

Soluciones

14.Norega/esinogive.15. No concrete sino particular, specific.16. No florid s\no in bloom, blooming.17. No accorded sino agreed. ^18. No luxury sino lust. ^^19. No elemental sino elementary. ^^20. No vulgar sino common. ^-^21. No actually sino at present, now.22. No registered sino searched.23. No due/ sino mourners.24. No contested sino answered.25. No experimented sino underwent,

experienced

140 EDITORIAL STANLEY

• ^ • ••••••• ^^H

1. No consents sino spoils. MaJM2. No embargo sino seizure. 5feL2fi3. No instance sino request. MaJQS4. No apparatus sino pomp. ^^ fi5. No feast sino holiday. %**&6. No co//arsino necklace. y&-%&7. No mo/est sino disturb, fe331

8. No accosted sino put... to bed. ^9. No rare sino odd, strange. &n4fi5

10. No department sino compartment. ^cJfiS11. No barbarity sino fortune, k 18 ;12. No erring sino wandering, straying. ^^ «13. No afcoves sino bedrooms.i!aL31 :

.. >T . ,

o regale sino give. sJS&o concrete sino particular, specific. ^2Ao flor/c/sino in bloom, blooming.5feL259

D accorded sino agreed. ^o /uxu/ysino lust. ^^o elemental sino elementary. ^ ^o vulgar sino common. ^^o actua//ysino at present, now. ^^o registered sino searched. 5&41Zo due/ sino mourners. ^^SS.o contested sino answered. ^ ^D experimented sino underwent,(perienced.ifeL23e

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Tests de Repaso 5

En las frases siguientes las palabras en cursiva son falsos amigos. Corrya las frases.

1. The damp and the cold make the house inhabitable .

2. It was by pure casualty that we met.

3. You have to double the sheet of paper in four to put it in the envelope.

4. You can't trust him to do anything right, he's too informal .

5. He rejected mundane pleasures and went into a monastery.

6. He called her with the illusion that she would agree to meet him.

7. He keeps his notes for each subject in a separate carpet

8. My doctor recognizes me once a year.

9. I couldn't quit the stain from the blouse.

10. They inverted all their money on the stock market.

11. You never know how she'll react - she's very versatile

12. He was rather disgusted that she hadn't invited him.13. He really made us laugh with his occurrences .

14. The young shop assistant was very incorrect

15. The centre forward displayed great of/stress

16. He presented me to all the members of the team.

. to the customers,

in controlling the ball.

17. He finished the career in third place.

18. At that age young people are often very unconscious .

19. It was quite ostensible he was annoyed. Everyone noticed it.

20. He only mixes with people of his own range .

21. I've been very busy ultimately

22. The child had strawberry marmalade

23. The clothes he wore were inadequate

24. The doctor examined the patients in his cabinet,

25. It takes years and years to dominate

and haven't had time to write.all over his face.

for a wedding.

a foreign language.

Soluciones•••••••••••••••••••

1. No inhabitable sino uninhabitable. &£-$&2. No casualty sino chance, coincidence3. No double sino fold. Ver 197

4. No informal sino unreliable. Ver*M

5. No mundane sino worldly. 33g

6. No /7/us/on sino hope.Ver28S

7. No carpet sino folder. ^^8. No recognizes sino examines. 5feLifli9. No qu/t sino remove. ^-^

10. No /wertecf sino invested.Ver 312

11. No versatile sino fickle, changeable. ^^12. No disgusted sino displeased. J50

13. No occurrences sino witty remarks. ^LMS

14. No incorrect sino rude, impolite.15. No distress sino skill. 'i^sl

16. No presented sino introduced.17. No career sino race. ^-^18. No unconscious sino irresponsible.19. No ostensible sino obvious.ife-555

20. No range sino class. ^-m

21. No ultimately s\no recently, lately.22. No marmalade sino jam. ^-^

23. No inadequate sino unsuitable.24. No cabinet sino surgery.25. No dominate sino master.

EDITORIAL STANLEY 141

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KEY TO EXERCISES

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1. The audience left the theatre.2. He left the meeting in protest.

3. He left Spain becau se of the Civil

War. 4. We left the city on Friday.

goes missing they accuse me. 4. Hedenounced (repotted, informed on)

his friends.

1. They knocked down the old build-

ing. 2. We took shelter until the

storm abated. 3. They shot the el-ephant.

1. Hurry up or we'll be late. 2. Let's

take a shortcut. 3. He had to cutshort his visit. 4. Cut it short, it'sgetting late.

a1. The defendant was acquitted bythejury. 2. He asked the court to ac-

quit his client on all counts.

1. My mother was always very domi-

neering. 2. She has a very demand-ing job. 3. He has an overbearingboss who doesn't give him aminute's peace.

D1. There's a tendency for people toabuse the system. 2. He was sub-

jected to a torrent of abuse from theaudience. 3. He abused his position

to win votes. 4. The referee had to

put up with a lot of abuse. 5. Don't

take advantage of my patience.

1. She was wearing a grey suit withmatching accessories. 2. She was anaccessory to the crime. 3. The addi-

tional expenses are minor.

D1. They agreed to meet again. 2. Hewas accorded a great welcome.

3. They reached an accord (an agree-

ment). 4. You didn't remember mybirthday.

111. The prostitute accosted me in thestreet. 2. The reporters accosted thePresident.

1. He was denounced as a traitor.

2. She went to the teacher and toldon him. 3. Every time something

1. Shares in Amazon.com fell by

three points yesterday. 2. He owns

thirty per cent of the shares. 3. My

father has bought some shares in

Telefonica.

1. Murphy is the present (current)

champion. 2. It is widely believedthat John will succeed the present

manager. 3. What's your present ad-dress? 4. This is the actual document

he discovered.

1. It's a highly topical subject.

2. He's running away from reality(actuality). 3. People go less often

to the cinema nowadays. 4. They al-

ways deal with highly topical issues.

1. He's not actually the owner. 2. Atpresent the situation is much more

serious. 3. Did you actually see him?4. She is currently in Sweden. 5. At

present we are living in peace.

1. We must act quickly. 2. Actuated

by anger he killed his friend. 3.1

don't understand the way you're be-

having (acting).

1. He's a supporter of the nationalistcause. 2. He's such a keen supporter

of his boss that he couldn't betray

him. 3. He is addicted to crosswords.

1. He was always an ardent supporter

of the regime. 2. His ideas have won

him a lot of supporters. 3. He is apolitician who supports monetarism.

4. Mohammed has many followers.

1. She was wearing a dress whichwas suitable for the occasion. 2. She

is not the right person for the post.

3.1 don't think this is the right mo-

ment. 4.1 don't think it is very suit-

able for such an occasion. 5. He'sthe right man for that job.

1. She was awarded ten thousandpounds damages. 2. He was asked to

adjudicate on the labour dispute.

1.1 have great admiration for your

work. 2.1 can't get over (my surprise

at) how much weight he's lost. 3. To

give it more strength, I'll write itwith an exclamation mark.

1. He amazed everybody with his

lecture. 2. I'm amazed at the igno-rance of these people. 3. I'm amazed

at their patience.

1. The tank holds fifty litres. 2. Ac-

cording to the regulations, you are

not allowed to bring dogs. 3.1 will

not tolerate that behaviour. 4. She

admitted her mistake with good

grace.

1. We advertise on the radio. 2. Nobodynoticed he was there. 3. They're adver-

tising that product a lot. 4. Didn't youwarn him of the risk he was running.

5.1 advise you not to go.

1. I'm warning you: you won't pass

the exam if you carry on like this.

2.1 advised him not to go but he ig-

nored me. 3. Let me know when

you're ready. 4. The car pulled outwithout warning.

1. As he suffers from a kidney com-

plaint, the doctor has forbidden him

to eat certain food. 2. He suffers

from a heart condition. 3. I have

great affection for her.

1. He will have to face up to his re-

sponsibilities. 2. She took it as anaffront. 3. The time has come to faceup to the problem.

1. He made a note of it in his diary.

2. Every night he writes down whathe has done in his diary. 3. I'll con-

sult my appointment book and letyou know when we can meet. 4. Let's

deal with the next item on the

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agenda. 5.1 write the words I don'tknow in my notebook.

••«1. She knew that she was dying.2. She agonised over whether to buya car. 3. It was obvious that the pa-tient was dying.

1. He suffered a slow death. 2. Theseshoes are absolute agony. 3. Put himout of his agony and tell him. 4. Thewhale was in its death throes.

1. He seemed quite agreeable tocoming on Friday. 2. We'll do it to-morrow if that's agreeable to you.3. Is that agreeable to you? 4. It'snot very nice being woken at thistime of night.

1. The house had three bedrooms.2. He went to his bedroom.

1. More money was allocated to theArts. 2. She always behaves thought-lessly.

1. The ambassador was visibly upsetby the news of the coup. 2. Youshouldn't let those things upset you.3. He was charged with disturbingthe peace. 4. As she was late, hermother started to get worried.5. Don't get upset!

1. His illness greatly disturbed thefamily. 2. The alterations to the mu-seum will take six months. 3. Her agi-tation could be heard in her voice.

1. She often mixes with famous peo-ple. 2. He doesn't socialise with hiscolleagues 3.1 mix with all kinds ofpeople. 4. He likes to mix with eve-rybody at parties.

1. She kneaded the dough (of flour,water and yeast) to make bread.2.1 don't like kneading dough.

1. She asked him point-blank if hewas having an affair. 2. She has hadmany disappointments in her lovelife. 3. He's said to have had count-

less affairs. 4. He was very lovingwith my children. 5. Pablo is veryamorous with his wife.

1. She's the oldest woman in the vil-lage. 2. They run a home for the eld-erly.

1. She didn't go to school becauseshe had a sore throat. 2. He can'tswallow because he has a sorethroat. 3. A sore throat occurs whenthe tonsils are inflamed.

1. He put an advertisement in thenewspaper. 2. He always reads thejob advertisements in the newspa-per. 3. At this time of the year thereare many advertisements for toys.

1. They paid two months' rent in ad-vance. 2. The elections had to bebrought forward. 3. They've paid methis month's salary in advance.

1.1 was anxious for their safetywhen I heard the news. 2. He's verygreedy and wants everything forhimself. 3. He's anxious to find outif he has passed in maths.

1. The King attended the openingceremony of the Olympics. 2. Theopening was delayed for more thantwo hours. 3. The opening sessionwill take place in the morning.

1. He's at the peak of his career.2. The scandal reached its heightduring the election. 3. When she wasat her peak, she was an excellenttennis player.

1.1 make no apology for bringing upthe subject. 2. She spoke in defenceof animal rights. 3. His speech wasan a eulogy of peace. 4. He mur-mured an apology.

1. He was received with great pomp.2. The room was decorated for theceremony with great pomp. 3. Helikes to surround himself with greatpomp.

1. That bank is convenient for you.2. Going out into the street in one'sslippers isn't very suitable. 3. He's avery good-looking man. 4. You havea very nice office.

1. Her appearance was greeted byprolonged applause. 2. It was hisfirst appearance on the stage. 3. Hetold me he had seen an apparition.4. His appearance at the meetingsurprised us greatly. 5. The actorsare listed in order of appearance.

1. We shall lodge an appeal. 2. Hemade an appeal.

1. Either the husband or the wifeshould submit the application. 2. Weregret to inform you that your appli-cation has been unsuccessful.

1. Wait while I write down your tele-phone number. 2. He was aiming agun at her head. 3. The principalpointed out the need for a new gym-nasium. 4. You have to aim slightlylow. 5.1 must write it down or I'llforget it.

1.1 have noticed a change in his at-titude. 2. Some dark areas can beseen on the X-ray. 3.1 really appre-ciate the effort you've made.

1. He doesn't usually go into publiclavatories because he's very squeam-ish. 2. They were apprehensive be-cause their daughter hadn't rung.3.1 couldn't be a doctor, I'm toosqueamish.

1. She passed all her subjects.2. Most of the students will passtheir exams. 3. It was a miracle thathe passed.

1. He was declared fit for militaryservice. 2. It's a film which is suit-able for any audience. 3. This food isnot fit for human consumption.4. He's not considered to be suitablefor the job.

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1. Sand had blown in under the door.2. There was nothing but sand as faras the eye could see. 3. We'll needtwo truckloads of sand.

1. Don't tell me the plot of the filmbecause I still haven't seen it.2. The plot is from an old fairy tale.3. The plot of the novel unfolds veryslowly.

1. He kicked up a fuss because hisshirt wasn't ironed. 2. They madequite a racket as they left the disco.3. We couldn't assemble the bed be-cause we didn't have the screws.

1. With his dashing air, he was thecentre of attention at all the meet-ings. 2. See how dashing he looks inhis new suit.

1. The ship was taken to the dock-yard to have the deck repaired.2. This book is a mine of information.3. They build ships in a shipyard.

1. He was the architect of Italianunity. 2. The marketing manager wasthe author of the successful adver-tising campaign. 3. He's a self-mademan.

1. Brad Pitt's one of today's mostpopular stars. 2. Our guest star tonightis Tom Cruise. 3. The movie star signedautographs after the premiere.

i. She will be promoted before theend of the year. 2. The bill amountedto five hundred pounds.

1. She had a very untidy appearance.2. The dullness of the colours gavethe room a sad appearance. 3. Hedidn't look very well when I sawhim. 4. She's always lecturing meabout my appearance.

1. They use a sprinkler system to wa-ter the crops. 2. It's more convenientto water the lawn by sprinkler thanby hose.

1. He inhaled the fresh mountain air.2. In some parts of Andalucia andEstremadura, speakers aspirate the'h'. 3. The doctor told her to breathein deeply. 4. The 'h' in 'hour' is notaspirated.

1. Doctor Harold Shipman is the worstserial killer in the history of GreatBritain. 2. The convicted murderer GaryGraham was executed by lethal injec-tion on Thursday in Texas.

1. They advised him on how to nego-tiate the purchase. 2.1 sought theadvice of a lawyer. 3. He advises uson technical matters. 4.1 advise thecompany on tax matters.

1. My allowance is not enough tomeet my expenses. 2. Her weekly al-lowance is three thousand pesetas.

nobody paid any attention to him.5. Pay attention when I'm talking toyou. 6. Many people attended the fu-neral.

1. Nobody came to their assistance.2. He only went to one class. 3. Heattends (goes to) evening classes.4. There will be about fifteen peopleat the party.

1. It took place in front of a largeaudience. 2. Attendance is optional.3. The president's presence lentimportance to the event. 4. We arecounting on your presence at thereception.

1. Among those present were manytelevision personalities. 2. Thosepresent started complaining aboutthe delay. 3. Two out of every threepeople attending were women. 4. Heentrusted the task to an assistant.

1.1 assumed they didn't know eachother. 2. We had assumed that therate of inflation would be low. 3.Let's assume they're right. 4.1 as-sume you've heard the news.

1. My sister is a high school gradu-ate and shortly she'll be going touniversity. 2. When you finish sec-ondary school this year, you'll be aschool leaver.

1. She sat on the wall, swinging herlegs. 2. You have to rock the babyfor a while before he'll go to sleep.3. Swing your arms back and forth.4. Stop rocking your chair!

1. The player bounced the ball beforethrowing in. 2. He smashed the ballinto the back of the net.

1. Don't talk nonsense. 2. It cost us afortune. 3. She spent a fortune inthe sales.

1. The huts are made of mud. 2. The re-cent rains have destroyed the shackswhich were beside the river. 3. Theshepherd has a cabin on the hill.

1. You should grow a moustache.2. He shaved off his moustache.3. His moustache looks terrible.

1. That gallant soldier saved thelives of several of his fellows. 2. Hefell like a brave man in the battle.3. That girl has very bizarre ideas.

1.1 like soft pillows. 2. He's toopuny to play rugby. 3. The biscuitshave gone soft.

1. The fireman was trapped under afallen beam. 2. Call the fire brigade(the Fire Department). 3. When Igrow up, I want to be a fireman.4. The bomber destroyed the city.

1. He attended a medical conferencein Barcelona. 2. Pay attention, thisis important. 3. Luckily they heededmy request. 4. He explained it but

1. He wore a black band around hisarm. 2. They gave her a silver brace-let as a present.

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i. Don't get too close, the dog's fe-rocious. 2. They breed fighting bulls.

1. He's as thick as a plank (he's com-pletely stupid). 2. How could theypass someone as stupid as him? 3.His gross income is four thousandpounds a month.

1.1 haven't got a telephone, I'll callyou from a phone box. 2. He justwent out a moment to make a callfrom the phone box.

1. The doctor examines his patientsin the surgery (consulting room).2. He has only a desk and an exam-ining couch in his consulting room

1. Bricklayers often have callusedhands. 2. What shocked me was thecallous way he said it.

1. He complained about the incon-venience of living in the country 2.1just adore going to the country. 3.She's attracted by a career in thefield of engineering.

1. Juan is so innocent, he believesanything he's told! 2. She's either in-credibly naive or very stupid. 3. Shespoke in a refreshingly candid way.

1. The coal industry has been hardhit. 2. They laid in a stock of coalbefore the price went up 3. She did aportrait of him in charcoal.

1. Her arms were black with bruises.2. He was covered with bruises afterthe fight.

1. She's studying chemistry at uni-versity. 2. Shall we go to the raceson Sunday? 3. Drinking wrecked hercareer. 4. He finished the race intenth place.

1. He has an important position inthe firm 2. He takes up his post to-day. 3. All charges against him were

dropped. 4.1 am in charge of the ad-ministration.

1. Keep these folders, I have plentymore at home. 2. He keeps his notesfor each subject in a folder so hecan find them easily. 3. The househas wall-to-wall carpeting.

1. Cardboard is a material which canbe recycled in order to be usedagain. 2. Could you buy two boxes ofeggs? 3. They put the kitten in acardboard box.

1. He stressed the importance ofwearing a helmet. 2. We must pickup all the empty bottles. 3. All per-sonnel must wear safety helmets.4. The torpedo opened a hole in theship's hull.

1. As it happens I saw onejust likeit the other day. 2. Funnily enough,I've just bought one.

1. It was quite by accident that wemet. 2. The casualties were taken tohospital. 3.1 don't suppose youknow Jim, by any chance? 4. What acoincidence, coming to the samerestaurant for dinner!

1. It's a high-class restaurant. 2. It'sa second-rate magazine. 3. The newplace has more class. 4. This brandhas more prestige.

1. 1 sent the letter by recorded deliv-ery. 2. There's a registered letter foryou.

1. The restaurant has lots of charac-ter. 2. He struck me as an unreliablecharacter. 3. The actor played twodifferent characters. 4. Fairies arecharacters from the realm of fantasy.

1. Don't be such a chatterbox andpay a little attention. 2. The teacherpunished him for talking so much.

1. The fireplace had been boardedup. 2. She sat with her back towardthe fireplace. 3. He hid the moneyup the chimney.

1. It's a newspaper with a daily cir-culation of 300,000 copies. 2. This isthe newspaper with the largest cir-culation in the region. 3. This coinis no longer in circulation.

1. It deals with the shooting downof a civil aircraft. 2. He was an in-significant civil servant. 3. Her tonewas barely civil.

1. She made me a gift of her pearlnecklace. 2. He showed me a neck-lace of brilliantly coloured stones.3. The shirt collar is dirty.

1. Their son is doing very well inschool. 2. He's the tallest boy in theschool. 3. The elder of their twodaughters is now at school.

1. The old actors used to go fromtown to town with their shows.2. He's such a fraud, look at the fusshe's making over a tiny little cut3. Don't be such a fraud, stop crying.It's only a scratch.

1. His loud behaviour isjust an actto cover up his shyness. 2. Don't puton such an act. 3. His headache isjust an act - all he wants is to getsome attention.

1. They show ten minutes of the filmand fifteen of commercials. 2. Theidea was a commercial disaster. 3.There are too many commercials on TV.

1. I'm going to change into some-thing more comfortable. 2.1 don'tfeel comfortable when they talkabout things like that. 3.1 don'tcare what you wear as long as you'recomfortable. 4. It's very easy not totake on responsibility. 5. Theybought a commodious house.

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i. We parked close to the station forconvenience. 2. She likes travellingin comfort 3. Shop in the comfort ofyour own home.

1. That question is outside my field.2. He revealed our plans to the com-petition. 3. There is stiff competi-tion for places at university. 4. Theupkeep of monuments is the townhall's responsibility.

1. He had a helpful attitude with thejournalists. 2. John is very helpful,he'll be delighted to take you home.3. She was very indulgent with hergrandson.

1. She's a girl with a strong constitu-tion. 2. Kevin was strongly built.3. She's of slight build. 4. Lazarillohad a strong constitution.

1. A good white wine would be theideal complement to this dish. 2.Reading is an indispensable comple-ment to an individual's intellectualdevelopment.

i. The past participle is used to formcompound tenses. 2. I'm ready, wecan go 3. I've written a poem con-sisting of eight lines. 4. The trainwas formed of eight cars.

1. It was entirely our fault, but hewas very understanding about it.2. He was most understanding whenmy wife died. 3. He's an understand-ing and supportive person.

1.1 invited her because I felt I hadto. 2.1 will not be able to attendbecause of a prior engagement.3. I'm free this evening. 4. That isour guarantee of quality. 5. You'reputting me in an awkward position.6. Send for our brochure without ob-ligation. 7. She has a lot of socialengagements o commitments.

1. I'm concerned that they haven'treplied yet 2. Her attitude is whatconcerns me. 3. She is concernedabout her future.

1. Beethoven composed this con-certo in a month. 2. The concertopened with the national anthem.3. In summer there are many open-air concerts

1. We haven't arranged anythingdefinite as yet. 2. Let's fix a definitedate. 3. They had no particular plansfor the weekend. 4. What I want toknow specifically is how much it isgoing to cost.

1. The audience clapped enthusiasti-cally. 2. Some very important peopleare expected to attend. 3. Hegreeted the audience warmly.

^•mmmm

1. He attended the reception in hiscapacity as consul. 2. As a diplomat,he has immunity. 3. As an employeeof the company, he is not permittedto enter the competition.

1. He's a careless driver. 2. The driverlost control of the lorry and itcrashed. 3. Do not distract thedriver.

1. No one showed up for the lecture.2. He livened up his lecture withvarious anecdotes. 3. Delegates fromall over the globe attended the con-ference. 4. He gave a lecture on theproblems of the environment.

1. He's confident that everythingwill turn out well. 2. My sister is myconfidante, I always tell her every-thing. 3. She was very confidentwhen she was young. 4. The inform-ers were paid with part of the loot.

1. His strange behaviour borders onmadness. 2. The witness will pleaseconfine his testimony to the facts.3. The fire was confined to the base-ment. 4. France borders on Spain.

1. The judge brought the witnessesand the accused face to face.2. When you compare the two ver-sions you can see the similarities.3. She confronted the boss andnearly got fired. 4. If we comparethe two pictures, we'll be able todiscover which one is authentic.

1. She has managed to combine el-egance with simplicity. 2. The novelcombines different literary styles.3. To run a good race, you need tocombine speed and stamina.

1. He thinks that the critics are con-spiring against him. 2. We felt thateven the elements had conspiredagainst us. 3. They plotted (con-spired) against the director of theinstitute.

1. I'm not allowed to come homelate. 2. He's the kind of father whospoils his children. 3. You spoil yourchildren rotten.

1. Barthes is the only French playerof any consequence. 2. In conse-quence, we shall be obliged to close.

1. You can't say one thing one day andsomething different the next, youhave to be consistent. 2 These meas-ures are consistent with our generalpolicy. 3. The boss's actions aren't con-sistent with his beliefs.4. He isn't consistent in his behaviour.

1. There was no consistency betweenthe witnesses' statements. 2. Thereis a conspicuous lack of consistencybetween what they preach and whatthey do.

1. Your sponge-cake mixture hasturned out too thick. 2. The firstcourse wasn't very substantial. 3. Hewon a prize consisting of a trip toParis. 4. His conduct is not consist-ent with his promises.

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1. He belongs to a distinguishedfamily. 2. He's an eminent figure. 3.1feel rather conspicuous in this hat.

1. He had a heavy cold. 2.1 can'tcome to the party, I have a cold.3. You've given me your cold. 4. Theysay that rice makes you constipated.

1. He answered all our questions.2. She wrote to me but I don't in-tend to answer. 3.1 phoned severaltimes but no-one answered.

1. She only did you the favour be-cause it was in her own interest.2. He acts solely for his own benefit.3. She made him see the advisabilityof using sun cream. 4. She made mesee the advisability of phoning be-fore going to their home.

1. Tuesday is not convenient for me.2. It is advisable (a good idea) todrink plenty of water. 3. It is not aconvenient moment. 4. It would be agood idea for you to tell him. 5. It isnot advisable for her to sunbathe.6. She did not think it advisable toaccept. 7. It would be advisable (agood idea) for you to stay in bed.8. It's very convenient having theschool so near. 9. It's very conven-ient having the car to do the shop-ping.

1. She grew up in the convictionthat her father was dead. 2. He hadseveral previous convictions fortheft. 3. He didn't have any previousconvictions.

1.1 missed my connection. 2. Theywrote to each other for many years.3. You can get a connection to linethree at this station.

1. He finds physics very difficult.2. It takes me 45 minutes to get tothe office. 3. It's difficult to under-stand why. 4.1 find it difficult tobelieve him. 5. It's taken me twohours to get here.

1. Will you tell me a story? 2. Shespent the whole evening telling usstories. 3. Don't tell anyone.

1. He even had the cheek to ask mefor money. 2. What a cheek! 3. It in-furiates me when people arrive late.4. It infuriates me when I hear thatkind of thing.

1. Babies need parental care. 2. Poorbaby! She's crying because she'steething. 3. The campaign is herbaby.

1. The motive for the murder is stillunknown. 2. She was an accessory tothe crime. 3. He was found guilty ofcold-blooded murder. 4. Stealing is acrime.

1. He likes eating raw carrots. 2. Themovie has some very harsh scenes init. 3. It was a very harsh winter.4. They ate it raw, which I found dis-gusting.

1. She threw a bucket of water overhim. 2. Be careful not to overturnthe bucket. 3. The bin was full to thebrim with rubbish.

1. They went out for a drink. 2. Hehad one drink too many. 3. She getsquite talkative when she's had aglass or two. 4. Go on! one moreglass won't hurt.

1. She keeps her room very tidy.2. You shouldn't be so curious. 3. Hekeeps his car very neat and tidy.

1. Computers are common in theschools. 2. Malaria is common in thetropics. 3. It's a very common mis-take. 4. He's just an ordinary guy.

1. The illness is following its normalcourse. 2. She's doing a crash coursein Italian. 3. She began the coursevery enthusiastically.

1. We were bitterly disappointed.2. She has suffered many disappoint-ments in her life. 3. The exhibitionwas a real letdown (disappoint-ment). 4. It was the deception thatupset me most.

1.1 have nothing to add to my pre-vious statement. 2. He refused tomake any comment to the press.3. He gave evidence under oath.4. He gave a written statement.5. We had to make a statement atthe police station.

1. Income tax is deducted automati-cally. 2. The money will be deductedfrom your salary. 3. We have to de-duct the expenses from the total.4. They deducted part of my wages.

1.1 was very disappointed by thetrip. 2. He was accused of evadingtaxes. 3. I'm sure you won't let medown. 4. The film disappointed me.

1. The deceased has left no will.2. The party is not yet defunct. 3. Amonument was erected to thememory of the late mayor.

1. Aren't you going to have a swim?the water's lovely. 2. He has a de-lightful sense of humour. 3. She's acharming woman.

1. She sued the company for negli-gence. 2. He was sued for slander.3. He cornered me and demanded anexplanation.

1. He demonstrated how to makemayonnaise. 2. More than 10,000people demonstrated in Bilbao yes-terday.

1. They gave a demonstration oftheir artistic ability. 2. During thedemonstration they all shouted thesame slogan. 3. The governmentbanned the demonstration.

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1. He works in another department.2. The suitcase is divided into sev-eral compartments to keep things inorder. 3. This is a no-smoking com-partment.

1. She works as a sales clerk in a de-partment store. 2. I've taken on an-other assistant at the shop. 3. Theywere very rude to the shopkeeper. 4. Avery nice shop assistant served me.

1. The petrol tank is empty. 2. Reser-vations are accepted on payment ofa deposit. 3. The tank has a capacityof holds about 40 litres.

1. He left quickly for his new desti-nation. 2. She boarded the boat forMajorca. 3. The plane to Madrid hasbeen delayed. 4.1 start my new jobon Monday. 5. Larkin's first post wasin Northern Ireland.

1. At a certain point he got up andleft. 2. The work has to be handed inbefore a certain date. 3. They agreedto meet at a certain place. 4. At acertain point I realised that she hadgone.

1. The banks will exchange foreigncurrency. 2. Live for the moment,that's my motto. 3. The eagle is theemblem of the U.S. 4. The device candetect an intruder at fifty metres.

1. I've pencilled the date in my di-ary. 2. Every afternoon he went tothe cultural club and read all thedaily newspapers. 3. He made a noteof it in his diary.

1. She gave me directions to her of-fice. 2. They had put the wrongaddress on the envelope. 3. Pleaseinform us of any change of address.4. The management reached a com-promise with the unions. 5. Heentrusted the management of thecompany to his son. 6. You gave methe wrong address.

1.1 promise you I'll be discreet.2. They made a discreet exit. 3. Bediscreet or people will talk.

1. She's always arguing with her fa-ther. 2. They are arguing about theheating bill. 3. Let's not argue oversomething silly. 4.1 don't want toargue with you.

1. They got into a violent argument.2. They had an argument aboutmoney. 3. The argument degeneratedinto a fight. 4. We had an argumentlast week and she's been very coolsince.

1.1 had the misfortune to lose myticket. 2. She brought this misfortuneon herself. 3. Their father's illness wasa tragedy for all of them. 4. They'vehad one disaster after another.

1. She leads a miserable life. 2. He isa very unlucky person. 3. He wasvery unhappy in his marriage.

1. They were looking at me in dis-taste. 2. She was very upset whenshe found out. 3. She could not dis-guise her dislike. 4. He causes un-pleasantness whenever he comes. 5.Her life has been full of misfortune.

1. He was rather displeased that shehadn't invited him. 2.1 came outabsolutely disgusted. 3. I'm very up-set about what you did. 4. He wasupset about his exam result.

1. He was accused of making inde-cent suggestions. 2. He tried toseduce her with indecent looks andwords. 3. Many children had beenindecently assaulted (sexuallyabused). 4. He made improperadvances to her.

1. He fainted. 2. We were dismayedby the news. 3. He fainted from hun-ger. 4. He never lost heart. 5. Theunexpected news made him faint.

1. A very nice shop assistant servedme. 2. They fired five employees.3. The government dispatched troopsto the area of the disturbances.

1. He gave us a warm welcome.2. Let's dispense with formalities.3. He was excused from attending theceremony. 4.1 hope you will forgiveme for arriving late.

1. They do not have the necessaryfunds. 2. It is equipped with a devicefor regulating the humidity.3. Have you got a minute? 4. You havefour years in which to pay.

1. It did not comply with the regula-tions (legal requirements). 2. Theyshowed their willingness (readiness)to improve the conditions. 3.1 am atyour disposal for any questions youmay have. 4. We will place an office atyour disposal. 5. We are always at yourdisposal. 6.1 was very impressed by herreadiness to learn. 7.1 don't like thelayout of the rooms.

1. This problem is quite distinct (to-tally different) from the previous one.2. Things have taken a distinct turnfor the worse. 3. It's a distinct advan-tage. 4. He sounded distinctly Scot-tish. 5. Her ideas are distinctly radi-cal.

1. Couldn't you word it differently?2. His laughter was distinctly audible.

1. It's a very entertaining movie.2. You'll have to remind him, he's veryabsent-minded. 3.1 was miles awayand I didn't notice. 4. He correspondsperfectly to people's idea of anabsentminded professor. 5. This writ-er's stories are original and very en-tertaining.

1. His slowness drives me to distrac-tion. 2. The war was a distraction fromthe country's internal problems. 3. Sheloves him to distraction.

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1. He has great skill in carpentry.2. We made it thanks to her skilfuldriving. 3. She is quite insensible tohis distress.

^^^^^^m

1. Duty comes before pleasure. 2. Youneed a bit of enjoyment (fun).3. They mix business with pleasure.4. She plays the piano for her ownamusement.

1. She amused (entertained) us withher jokes. 2.1 was greatly amused byhis reaction. 3. The river was di-verted to create a lake. 4. Traffic hasbeen diverted through Ballymena.

1. We could make out the island inthe distance. 2. You could make outthe castle from there. 3.1 managedto make him out spot him in thecrowd.

1. I'll never be able to master Eng-lish. 2. The visiting team dominatedin the second half. 3. From there youcan look out over the whole bay.

1. The bedroom is right over the liv-ing room. 2. My bedroom facessouth. 3. Her bedroom was adjacentto mine. 4. Take your things up toyour bedroom.

1. He folded the tablecloth and putit away. 2. You have to fold thesheet of paper in four. 3. Go roundthe corner and carry straight on.4. Foreign films are usually dubbed.

1. The dollar's fall was dramatic. 2.The business has suffered a dramaticdecline. 3. There's no need to be dra-matic. 4. The team staged a dramaticrecovery.

1. She's in mourning for a relative.2. The mourners accompanied thecoffin to the cemetery. 3. We sharein the nation's grief. 4. Signs ofmourning were visible everywhere.

1. They use diamonds because they areso hard. 2. The Latin teacher treatedhis pupils harshly. 3. The severity ofthe punishment was excessive.

1. It was an enormous concrete andsteel building. 2. They've put upsome new buildings beside the sea.

1. They've put up a four-storiedbuilding on the old piece of land.2. While the workers were buildingour new house, we lived with mygrandparents.

1. They publish nothing but filth.2. She edited Hamsun's correspond-ence for publication. 3. Who pub-lished that book?

1.1 went to see my publisher. 2. I'vehad an approach from a publisher.3. The publisher bought the rights toher latest book.

1. Charles is a very well-manneredlittle boy. 2. She's a very polite per-son, she came to greet us as soon asshe saw us.

1. He has no manners. 2. It's rude tospeak like that. 3. I've had enoughof his rudeness. 4. That was very im-polite of you.

1. "So all we can do is wait."—"That's right." 2. He said he'd bethere at seven and, sure enough,there he was. 3. It's their car sureenough. 4. "I see you went to Cam-bridge." —"That's right."

1. "How do you know, Holmes?"—"Elementary, my dear Watson."2. She teaches elementary chemistry.3. She has a rudimentary knowledgeof English.

1. The judge ordered the seizure ofhis assets. 2. The UN ordered an em-bargo.

1. When I was pregnant, I hadcravings for the strangest things.2. She is six months pregnant. 3. Shewas so embarrassed that she didn'tknow what to say. 4. At the time shewas pregnant with Angela.

1. There are sometimes discrepanciesbetween different news broadcasts.2. The broadcast was heard nationwide.

1. He spent a lot of time building hishouse. 2. They don't know what todo with their money. 3. He doesn'tknow what to do with his free time.4. They spent three years buildingthe bridge.

1.1 have to find that piece of paper.2. He found the novel pretty boring.3.1 went into his room and foundhim crying. 4.1 came across fiftyeuros on the floor.

1. The engineer has come to fix thepacking machine. 2. They sent anengineer to mend the washing ma-chine.

1. Most of the money goes to fill thestate's coffers. 2. He increased hisfortune. 3. If you eat too much,you'll put on weight.

1. He works for a construction com-pany. 2. The firm has survived by ab-sorbing its competitors. 3. He builtthe firm up from nothing.

1. He entertained us with stories ofhis travels. 2.1 won't keep (detain)you any longer. 3.1 was detained byhis call. 4. She kept us entertainedwith her humorous remarks.

1.1 hope the china arrives in onepiece. 2.1 went to see her after thefuneral and found her very com-posed.

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1. He is eaten up with envy. 2. Theremittance of the money was author-ised. 3. His father sends him moneyperiodically.

1. It was an age (period, time) ofgreat discoveries. 2. Air fares arecheaper at this time of year. 3. Itdates back to the time of Philip II.4. It is abnormally cold for the timeof year. 5. Topless sunbathing was il-legal at that time.

1.1 admit that I made a mistake.2. If you don't concentrate, you'llmake a mistake. 3. It's only humanto make mistakes.

1. The dog wandered through thestreets limping. 2. His thoughtswandered to far-off places. 3. Theforward missed the shot. 4. He shotthe arrow but missed the target.

1. A group of convicts were planninga breakout. 2. He made a short tripto the country.

1. We'll have another rehearsalnearer to the actual day. 2. When'sthe deadline for this essay? 3. Hewas present at some of their re-hearsals. 4. We create a vacuum in-side the test tube.

1. They warned us about the badstate of the road. 2. The troops arein a state of alert. 3. The patient'scondition is critical.

1.1 do not consider it necessary totake those measures. 2. He was heldin high regard (esteem) by the peo-ple of Madrid. 3.1 estimate that itmust be about seven metres long.4. They hold his professionalism inhigh regard (esteem).

1. The price is written on the tag.2. Can you remove the price tag?3. Formal dress must be worn.4. Cover the address with a stickylabel.

1. We have to be prepared for a pos-sible increase in taxes. 2. Nothingyou say will affect the eventual re-sult. 3.1 have a temporary job.

1. I'm going to talk about the diffi-culties which might possibly arise.2. Eventually all the doubts werecleared up.

1. Your version isn't entirely accu-rate. 2. It's difficult to get accurateinformation about the country.3. She exacts a high standard ofwork from her students

1. The angry demonstrators hurledinsults at the police 2. A group ofhotheads broke several shop win-dows. 3. He was really worked upand didn't know what he was saying.

1. He couldn't sleep because he wasso worked-up. 2. I'm so excitedabout the trip. 3. Don't get too ex-cited. 4. He was really worked upand didn't know what he was saying.

1. They contributed to the success ofthe party. 2. Success has gone to hishead. 3. She congratulated them ontheir success. 4. She achieved suc-cess in the last years of her life. 5.The book was a great success.

1. The hall buzzed with anticipation.2. The King's visit caused great ex-citement. 3. It created an atmos-phere of great expectation on thestock exchange.

1. The file was lying wide open onthe desk. 2. The investigation is stillbeing conducted. 3. He has a spot-less record.

1. They experienced serious difficul-ties. 2. They are experimenting withsteroids and other related products.3. His condition has shown (under-gone) a slight improvement. 4. Thecity underwent a period of consider-able growth.

1. A consortium has been formed toexploit the coal deposits. 2. Sheknew how to exploit this idea to thefull. 3. He takes advantage of hisfriendship with the boss.

1. He is planning to mount an exhi-bition of his paintings. 2. There isan exhibition of Egyptian bronzestatues. 3. The sculpture will be onexhibition from June.

1. It has an area of 20 hectares. 2. Ittakes up a large expanse of land. 3.They are having an extension built.

1. That walk in the mountains hasexhausted me. 2. The runner was ex-hausted after the race. 3. Wash thedishes, it won't kill you.

1. He's capable of doing some outra-geous things. 2. His eccentricity bor-ders on madness. 3. His eccentrici-ties (outrageous acts) have madehim famous.

1. He's very extravagant. 2. Everyonewas looking at her because of heroutrageous (extravagant) hat. 3. Thewedding was a very extravagant af-fair. 4. I'm feeling extravagant today.

1. It's not certain that the factorywill close. 2.1 like the colour of thatfabric. 3. The waste from the factoryis a health hazard.

1. The village lacks certain basic fa-cilities. 2. She has a great facilityfor maths. 3. The hotel has confer-ence facilities.

1. She has a thin face with sharpfeatures. 2. The right-wing factionwon. 3. He has delicate features.

1. It was a family reunion. 2. Don't gettoo familiar with the students. 3. Henever had the benefit of a stable fam-ily atmosphere. 4. She thought thatthe teacher was becoming too familiar.

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1. What an annoying (irritating)noise! 2. He's a very annoying child.

3. Don't be so fastidious.

1. The late night, coupled with too

much alcohol, made him feel terri-ble. 2. She was feeling awful so shewent home. 3. We had terribleweather all week.

1. He had the misfortune to fall verynear the finishing line. 2. You can-

not fight against fate. 3. It was badluck that you should fall sick the daybefore the exam.

1. He can't run because he immedi-ately experiences breathlessness andnausea. 2. He had great difficulty infinishing his degree. 3. She has hada great deal of hardship in her life.

1. The project was abandoned

through lack of capital. 2. The situa-tion was made worse by the lack ofwater. 3. She pointed to her lack of

experience to justify the mistake.4. Some money is missing from thetill. 5. Three members of the groupwere missing. 6. He lacks ambition.

1. The 19th of March is a public holi-day. 2. They organised a farewellparty. 3. There was a great atmos-phere at the party.

1. It was the rise in prices thatsparked off the rebellion. 2. The na-tion was in ferment.

1. The team lost at home again. 2. Thesubject lies outside their domain.

1. Focus the camera on the central

figure. 2. Production figures are

down. 3. She still has a good figure.4. She's good at figures. 5. Multiplythe first figure by the second.

1. He's giving it the final touches.2. These marks count toward the fi-

nal grade. 3.1 don't want to see her,and that's final! 4. His decision is fi-nal and binding on the parties.

1. What was the purpose of calling themeeting? 2. The ultimate aim is tolower this figure 3. The purpose of theconcert was to raise money for charity.

1. The firm went bankrupt last year.2. They were present at the signingof the agreement. 3. His signature isjust a scrawl. 4. The signing of thecontract has been jeopardised bythe strike.

1. He has a garden full of flowers.2. The rose bush is in full bloom. 3. Itwas attended by the cream of society.

1. Of course he'll pay you, you cantrust him 2. You should make a for-mal complaint. 3. It is a very reliablefirm. 4.1 can't imagine him in for-mal dress.

1. They are improving in-housetraining. 2. We made a lot of sacri-fices to pay for his training.

1. He's a wonderful person. 2. Theproblem grew to enormous propor-tions. 3. He's a fantastic soccerplayer.

1. Smoking in this area is strictlyforbidden. 2. He left fuming becausehe lost the game. 3. He decided togive up smoking.

1. The company was founded by hergrandfather. 2. He needs someone tofund his research.

1. What seemed a mad gambleturned out to be a stroke of genius.2. You got the job? that's great (bril-liant)! 3.1 have a brilliant idea.4. She does a great imitation of the

President. 5. They described her as abrilliant painter. 6. He makes somevery funny (witty) remarks.

1. He has a very bad temper. 2. Shegreeted me with her customary bad

temper. 3. He's a real genius at phys-ics. 4. You must learn to control yourtemper.

1. Thank you, you're very kind. 2. Itwas very kind of him to take us to

lunch. 3. She treated me in a verypleasant way.

1. She dances very gracefully. 2. She

touched his face gently.

1. He pursed his lips in an expressionof disapproval. 2. An expression ofdisgust came over her face when shetasted the food. 3. It was a gesture of

revolt against her parents.

1. The balloon rose up into the air.

2. The balloon burst with a bang.3. She made a lob and sent the ball

into the corner.

1. The story he told was very funny.2. He is a very witty storyteller. 3. Shemoves very gracefully.

1. We watched a very funny televisionprogramme. 2.1 suppose you think

you're funny. 3. It's funny that we've

been sent to the same place. 4. She'sgot a really cute laugh.

i. They're offering a reward to whoeverfinds the cat. 2. She was given a bo-nus for the splendid work that shehad done.

1. The family will reward anyone who

can provide information on her

whereabouts. 2. The boss gave the en-

tire staff a bonus.

1. Entrance to the museum is free ofcharge. 2. Hands off free education!

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^^^^^^^m

1. The pomegranate is a red, hard-skinned fruit containing seeds whichare edible. 2. Some varieties ofpomegranate are eaten as a dessertwhile others are used to obtaingrenadine.

i. Do you exercise to keep your fig-ure? 2. Vegetables should be stored(kept) in a cool place. 3. Save (keep)him a piece of cake. 4. The house isheavily guarded. 5. We'll keep yourletter on file.

i. The parent or guardian must signthe consent form. 2. He has pro-claimed himself the guardian ofgood manners.

1. I've heard several versions of thatstory. 2. She told us a very funnystory. 3. She's always been good athistory.

1. He's a very humane man. He al-ways looks after the others. 2. Astime passed by, he became muchmore sensitive and humane. 3. He's avery humane person.

1. It's a very damp flat. 2. Wipe itwith a damp cloth. 3. On the coastthe climate is more humid. 4. Theclothes are still damp.

i. He's in a terrible mood. 2. I'm notin the mood for going to the movies.3. Don't take your bad mood out onme. 4. Seeing him always puts me ina good mood.

1. What language are they speaking?2. The characters use the localidiom. 3. The emphasis is on conver-sational use of the language. 4. Shespeaks seven languages.

1. They do not know what caused theaccident. 2.1 advised him not to gobut he ignored me. 3. She pretendednot to know his name. 4. He com-pletely ignored my presence. 5.1didn't know that he was ill.

1. Don't get your hopes up too much,there are a lot of candidates. 2. Areyou excited about going on holiday?3. I'm really looking forward to hercoming. 4. He called her in thehope that she would agree to meethim. 5. He lost his enthusiasm fortravelling.

1. His great devotion to study hasmade him a highly learned person.2. He's a very cultured person -hehas travelled all over the world.

1. It's immaterial whether it goes to-day or tomorrow. 2. It is immaterialto me. 3. As for me, it's immaterialwhether you stay or not.

1. It doesn't matter if it's expensive aslong as it's good quality. 2. What doesit matter if he doesn't come? 3.1 don'tmind coming back later. 4. All thatmatters to me is your happiness.5. Would you mind coming this way?

1. The suit he wore was inappropri-ate for a wedding. 2. She behavesinappropriately for someone of herage. 3. This game is unsuitable forchildren under five. 4.1 don't thinkthis film is suitable for children.

1. His arguments were rather weak.2. We made a hut of sticks andbranches but the materials were tooflimsy and it fell down.

1. He sat up to take the medicine.2. Sit her up so that she can breathebetter.

i. His behaviour was very rude. 2. Hewas very rude to the visitors.

1. You can take either path, it makesno difference (it's immaterial).2. Tea or coffee? — It makes no dif-ference (it's immaterial). 3. Theyremained indifferent to my pleas.

1.1 consider the proposal totallyoutrageous. 2. They treated her out-rageously. 3. She stood up indig-nantly.

1. Success comes with industry. 2.The coal industry has been hard hit.

1. His attempts to calm the crisiswere totally inept. 2. You're uselessin the kitchen, you'd better find an-other occupation.

1. Nowadays any child can handle avideo recorder better than an adult.2. Armed to the teeth, the marinestook the city in a few hours ofcombat.

1. He was hurt when he discoveredshe was unfaithful to him. 2. Shewas unfaithful to the cause. 3. Herhusband has been unfaithful to her.4. He is unfaithful to his religiousbeliefs.

i. He's very unreliable. 2. An unreli-able student never hands in his es-says on time. 3. I'm sure he'll belate, since he's a really unreliableperson.

i. He is so naive that he trusts peo-ple too much and thinks ill of no-one. 2. She has a delightful naivety.

1. That house has been declared un-inhabitable. 2. The damp and thecold make the house uninhabitable.

1. Everything the witness said at thetrial was insults and lies. 2. He suedher for slander.

1. Smoking is an unhealthy habit. 2.The island has an unhealthy climate.3. The air you're breathing in thisroom is unhealthy, it's full of smoke.

1. To get rid of the hiccups, breathe indeeply and let the air out slowly. 2.The doctor listened to the patient'schest as she breathed in and out.

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i. He submitted an application (offi-cial request) to the competent au-thority. 2. He had to submit a writ-ten request to the principal. 3. Theyare decisive moments in our history.4. As a last resort we could sell the car.

1. Don't give up, try again! 2. I'll tryto persuade him. 3. He doesn't eventake the trouble to try to do it well.4.1 intended to finish it last night,but I got sidetracked.

i. He didn't want to take part in thediscussion. 2. My class is not takingpart in the show. 3. He was about tocontinue, but the bell intervened.4. He was operated on in a privateclinic. 5. He never takes part in theseminars we organise.

1. He called on them to surrender.2. She called on him to moderate hislanguage. 3. We never became veryclose.

^^^^^^^H

1. When the gas leak happened,some of the neighbours were poi-soned. 2. She got poisoned eatingtoadstools.

1. There has been another food poi-soning scare. 2. Lead poisoning canbe fatal.

1. He introduced John to her. 2. Theyintroduced new farming methodsinto the region. 3. Allow me to in-troduce my wife 4. When we were in-troduced, he kissed my hand.

1. They invested on the stock mar-ket. 2. She invested a great deal oftime in writing it. 3. He investedtwo million in treasury bonds 4. Weare investing in the future.

1. You got what you deserved for be-ing so jealous. 2. He is envious ofhis brother.

1. She spent the whole night wrap-ping the presents. 2. She wrappedthe baby in a blanket. 3. Shall Iwrap it for you? 4. She wrapped her-self in the blanket and fell asleep.

1. It makes sense to plan ahead foryour retirement. 2. He was given awatch on the occasion of his retire-ment.

1. This will be discussed at the boardmeeting. 2. His proposal met withstrong disapproval from the rest ofthe committee. 3. The residents'meeting is this evening 4. They'vemoved the meeting to next week.

1. Where have I put my knitting(sewing, etc.)? 2. This land needstwo more plough!ngs before it'ssowed. 3. He was sentenced to fouryears hard labour.

^^^^^^m

1. For long journeys I prefer to takethe train. 2. The coat is too long foryou. 3. He paid us a long visit. 4. It'squite a long film.

1. She loves reading. 2. The newspa-pers provided them with plenty ofreading material. 3. She was too im-mersed in her reading to hear us.

1. There's a bookshop in the village.2.1 bought it in a second-handbookshop. 3. The library is the build-ing facing the Town Hall.

1. For further details visit ourpremises at number 5 Aduana Street.2. They insured the premises againstburglary. 3.1 asked one of the locals.4. They've moved to new premises.

1. Lust is one of the seven deadlysins. 2. When he saw that woman,the lust he felt robbed him of hissleep.

1. Her comments on television werevery controversial. 2. There were pro-

test demonstrations all over thecountry. 3. We don't agree with thestatement he made to the press.4. It was a very orderly demonstra-tion. 5. Thousands turned out for thedemonstration.

1. He enlisted in the Navy. 2. His fa-ther was a sailor. 3. He served in thenavy for three years.

1. She had smeared strawberry jamon the clean tablecloth. 2. Every dayI have a piece of bread with butterand rhubarb jam for breakfast.

1. He wore a mask so as not tobreathe in dust as he sanded downthe wood. 2. Beneath that mask ofkindness he has evil intentions.

1. There's no harm in drinking if youdo it in moderation. 2. The opposi-tion argued against the measure.3. She knows no restraint when itcomes to spending money.

1. He acted in an evil, unscrupulousmanner. 2. Some wicked bastardsstole everything she had.

1. He lives in abject poverty. 2. Sheis paid a pittance. 3. In her autobi-ography she relates all her misfor-tunes. 4. There's still a lot of povertyin this country. 5. He gave mechicken feed for the car.

1. His home is modest but comfort-able. 2. She was wearing a very mod-est bathing costume.

1. Sorry to bother you, but I'd liketo ask you something. 2. Is thisman bothering you, Miss? 3. Don'tdisturb her, she's studying.4. Don't let anybody disturb me,I'm going to take a nap.

MMMH

1. The news was good for his morale.2. The team's morale is at an all-timelow. 3. It was a great boost for ourmorale 4. Who are you to criticisethe morals of young people today?

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1. Some of the neighbours are slow

to pay up, with light bills left un-paid for several months. 2. It's aslow-moving film. 3. The companyhas publicly condemned its slowpaying customers.

1. The bike race finished when themotorcyclists reached the finishing

line. 2. A motorcycle policemanstopped us and gave us a speeding

ticket.

1. They moved to a bigger house.2. As far as I know, they haven'tmoved yet. 3. I have to move out ofhere by Friday.

1. He rejected worldly pleasures and

went into a monastery. 2. Let's nottalk about such a mundane subject.

•• ^1.1 don't care if they gossip about me.2. The child was murmuring in hissleep. 3. Your neighbour never stopgossiping about the whole district.

1. His father deals in wine and spir-its. 2. He deals in second-handclothes. 3. A peace treaty has beennegotiated.

1. He had the nerve to phone me.

2. She had the nerve to tell me thatit was my fault. 3. In the end hedidn't have the nerve to ask her.

1. She always gets nervous before a

concert 2. She's nervous of trafficsince the accident. 3. There's no needto be nervous, he won't eat you

1. It's a well-known fact. 2. They are

two of the best-known figures of the

opposition. 3. Your fear is obvious,you can't hide it.

1. The teacher gave me a very bad

mark. 2. He passed with the highest

possible grade. 3. What's the passmark? 4. He's always boasting abouthis marks.

1. He was greatly affected by the

news. 2.1 don't know how she willtake the news. 3. They put the noticeup on the notice board. 4. The state

radio station broadcast the news.

1. It's difficult for a new (inexperi-

enced, unestablished) writer to get hiswork published. 2. In spite of his be-ing an inexperienced (new, beginner)writer, the critics predict that he will

be a great artist. 3. It's a novel idea.

1. It's only four o'clock and it's dark

already. 2. He's got dark eyes. 3. Itstands out against the dark back-ground. 4. She's got dark brown hair.

1. He has been so obliging with usthat I suspect he wants something.2. The way he served us was ob-

sequious.

1. The robber was hiding under the

bed. 2. They stayed hidden until thedanger had passed. 3. The path ishidden by the trees. 4. He has secret

intentions.

1. He really makes us laugh with hiswitty remarks. 2. It has become aneveryday occurrence. 3. She had the

crazy idea of going to the mountains

without warm clothing.

1. She has taken it as a personal in-sult. 2. Her absence was a calculatedinsult. 3. These exams are an insultto our intelligence. 4. It's an offense

punishable by life imprisonment.

1. It's unheard of for an officer to

behave like that. 2. Army officersstood sentinel over the grave. 3. A

young officer was courting her.

1. According to unofficial sources the

government is proposing to movethe elections forward. 2. The news isstill unofficial but it looks as though

we are going to get a pay rise.

1. He's always using bad language,

he's a very vulgar person. 2. He has

an ordinary bike. 3. Speaking with

one's mouth full is typical of people

who are common.

1. He won two gold medals at the Ol-

ympics. 2. She was wearing a gold

chain.

1. This matter must be dealt with by

the appropriate body. 2. It is the

body responsible for coordinating

the various initiatives. 3. The or-

ganization is short of funds.

1. It was obvious he was annoyed.

2. He made his displeasure quite

clear. 3. He made an obvious error.

i. He's in the pub drowning his sor-

rows. 2. It's a pity you can't come.

3. He went crazy with grief. 4. He

came to tell me his troubles.

1. She was playing the part / role of

Yerma. 2. It's made of paper. 3. On a

piece of paper write everything you

want to ask before you forget it.

4. He's very good in the part of

James Bond.

1. There was a five-minute stop to

change drivers. 2. We walked with

her as far as the bus stop. 3. I'm

getting off at the next stop 4. We

stopped several times on the way.

1. He only has two living relatives.

2. John and I are distantly related.

3. He's no relation of mine. 4. The

weeping relatives followed the coffin.

1. He crossed the street very calmly

(unhurriedly). 2. She explained it

very calmly. 3. He moves in such an

unhurried manner that I don't think

he'll be on time.

1. She has a private helicopter.

2. She has a private teacher at his

home. 3. We attach particular impor-

tance to punctuality.

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1. Spread the melted chocolate evenlyover the cake. 2. He took another sliceof cake. 3. He divided the cake intofour portions.

1. You decide, you're the boss. 2. Heworks as a skipper sailing yachts forwealthy owners. 3. He's cut to thesame pattern as all politicians.4. Many protested against the employ-ers' decision.

1.1 felt a bit peculiar. 2. What a pecu-liar hat! 3. He has a peculiar (distinc-tive) way of speaking.

1. He doesn't get any money for whathe does. 2. I've already got my week'swages. 3. He gets a percentage on allthe sales. 4. What salary are you get-ting in your present job?

1.1 want to improve my German.2. He's gone to France to improve hisFrench.

1. The period indicates the end of asentence. 2.1 said no, period.

1. I'm avoiding him like the plague.2. The stench of rotten food filled thehouse. 3. Ugh! what a horrible smell!4. That kid's a real pest, he hasn'tgiven me a moment's peace

1. The price of oil reached $40 a bar-rel. 2. We stopped for petrol. 3. Thecountry is self-sufficient in oil.

1. You're nothing but a self-satisfiedbighead. 2. He's a very conceited guy,he believes nobody's as good as he is.

1. Careful, you'll prick yourself withthe needle. 2. We had a puncture. 3.She didn't cry when the doctor gaveher the injection. 4. They puncturedall four tyres.

1. Her behaviour was highly com-mendable. 2. Their efficiency is mostpraiseworthy. 3. His alibi sounds quiteplausible.

1. He gets extra pay for working atnight. 2. He gets danger money.3. The school being nearby is a realplus. 4, He gets a bonus for being onemergency standby.

1. She entered politics when she wasstill very young. 2.1 became thor-oughly disillusioned with politics.3. We can tailor the policy to suityour personal circumstances. 4. Poli-tics is all about persuading people.

1. They studied it from the politicalpoint of view. 2. Man is a politicalanimal. 3. Do you belong to a politi-cal party?

1. His novel was highly acclaimed.2. Think it over carefully before youmake up your mind. 3. The criticsunanimously acclaimed the qualityof the film's photography.

••••M

1. The porter took the luggage to thetrain. 2. The porter kept a check oneveryone who came in or out.

1. He has built up his practicethrough hard work and effort.2. Practice makes perfect. 3. He hasdecided to open a practice.

^^^^^^^m

1. The nursing auxiliary gave me theinjections prescribed by the doctor.2. He went to the medical assistantto get vaccinated.

1. Warning: do not use if the sealhas been broken. 2. I'm sorry, I can'tchange this software because theseal has been removed. 3. Each voterhas to vote in his or her assignedprecinct.

1. It was a beautiful wedding. 2. Shehas a beautiful smile. 3. The cherryblossom is beautiful this year. 4.They dealt in precious stones.

1. Is it necessary for your sister tohear this? 2. If necessary we can ask

for a loan. 3. You'll have to be moreprecise. 4.1 will do whatever is nec-essary. 5. You must go right away.

1. His views are held in high regard.2. This brand of clothing enjoys highprestige among the young.

1. Animals may not be kept on thesepremises. 2. He gained entry to thepremises by force.

1. Were you worried? - Not at all.2. He's worried about his health.3. We're just as worried as he is.4. Your parents are worried becausethey love you.

MMM

1. We must learn to preserve naturalresources. 2. Put this product on thedoors from time to time to protectthe wood against humidity. 3. Hetried to protect her from harm.

1. I'm sure it's not true, she's onlysaying it to show off 2. He's alwaysbragging about how rich his parentsare. 3.1 suspect they're going to cutthe workforce.

1. She was trying to make me changemy mind. 2. He's trying to trick mewith his lies. 3. She is trying to takeall the credit for herself. 4.1 don'tknow what he's trying to do. 5. Weaim not only to educate them butalso to guide their development as in-dividuals.

1. Drivers were warned of the badstate of the roads. 2.1 had beenwarned. 3.1 was warned against them4. The bad weather prevented us fromgoing on an outing.

1. He can prove his innocence. 2. Youcan't prove that accusation. 3. I'd liketo try windsurfing. 4. Test the waterto make sure it isn't too hot.

1. His family comes from Germany.2. The noise came from outside. 3.1

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think it would be appropriate totake a vote. 4. That word comes fromArabic.

1. Try to arrive early. 2. Try to makethe child eat. 3. He provided mewith a very good job. 4. We'll try toget it there in one piece.

1. This swimming pool is very deep.2. It's a very profound text. 3. We'llbathe in a part of the river whichisn't so deep. 4. He cut himself witha knife and made a deep wound.

1. There was a boy handing out ad-vertising leaflets. 2. A disproportion-ate amount of money is spent on ad-vertising.

1. I like being my own boss. 2. Eachperson has their own computer.3. She wore a very suitable dress forthe occasion. 4.1 saw it with myown eyes.

1.1 had a look at the leaflet. 2. Didyou read the leaflet before takingthose tablets? 3. It isn't an encour-aging prospect. 4. In the mailbox,along with the letters, there's al-ways some brochure or other.

1. They took the car to have the brakestested. 2. I've never tried caviar. 3. I'mprepared to try anything if it helps meto get better. 4. They left the moneythere to test him.

1. The teacher was marking the ex-aminations. 2. She scored very wellin the first two rounds. 3. Jonesscored very little in the last event.

1. She got bad marks (o grades) inthe exam. 2. These results count to-ward the final grade (o mark). 3. Theteacher gave the marks on the basisof their classwork. 4. Unlike herbrother, she got very good grades.

1. Can't you be still for two minutes?2. Isn't it quiet in here! 3. Be goodand keep still. 4. They live in a quiet

suburb 5. Keep still while I take yourphotograph.

the trip. 3. Thanks to machines, theycan now reap the harvest with muchless effort than before.

1.1 couldn't remove the stain fromthe blouse. 2. We removed the paperfrom the four walls. 3.1 quit, I'm tootired to carry on. 4. You don't haveto take off all your clothes, just yourshirt.

1. They pay a modest amount forboard and lodging. 2. Members votedto raise subscriptions. 3. He pays amonthly subscription to belong to afootball club. 4. I've paid the mem-bership fee for a year.

1. He rose to the rank of general.2. Several high-ranking officials wereinvolved in the affair. 3. He onlydeals with people of his own socialstanding. 4. He is a high-ranking of-ficial in the ministry.

1. He shaved his head. 2. On the firstday they shave the heads of all thenew recruits. 3. 1 just wanted a trim,but she scalped me.

1. The strangest thing happened tome yesterday. 2. How strange thatshe didn't mention it! 3.1 rarely seemy sister. 4. He looked odd (strange,funny).

1. The helpings are very generous. 2. Aportion of octopus, please. 3.1 onlywant half of that portion. 4. He's al-ready had his share of misfortune.

1. He achieved (realized) his dreamof becoming an architect. 2. Now Irealize they were only doing it formy own good.

1. He will be thoroughly examined bythe doctor. 2.1 recognized him inspite of his beard and glasses. 3. Af-ter examining me, the doctor saidthere was nothing wrong with me.

1.1 don't recollect seeing them there2. She collected a lot of money for

1. During the harvest the childrendidn't go to school. 2. At harvesttime many peasants from other partscome to work here. 3. My recollec-tion of the party is a blur.

1. My grandfather likes rememberingthe old days. 2. The program is re-corded before a live audience3.1 don't remember what you said.

1. They resorted to drastic measures.2. We should never resort to vio-lence. 3. He resorted to blackmail.4. They had to resort to strike action.

1. As the saying (proverb) goes: abird in the hand is worth two in thebush. 2. It's like looking for a needlein the proverbial haystack.

1. You should control your instincts.2.1 had to restrain myself from tak-ing her in my arms. 3.1 refrainedfrom criticising him.

1. He has rewritten the play to makeit more relevant to the present day.2. They're going to recast the goldingots to make coins. 3. They re-funded my money.

1. If you don't want it, why don'tyou give it to me? 2. What can wegive her (as a present)? 3. He re-galed us with stories about his trav-els. 4. They're giving away tickets forthe concert.

1. They searched him for drugs.2. Who took my keys? — Search me!3.1 sent the letter by registered mail4. They searched the woods for themissing child.

1. What was the movie like?— Nothing special. 2. He comesback at regular intervals. 3. I didabout average in the test. 4. The

EDITORIAL STANLEY 159

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meal was very ordinary. 5. It's an

average-sized house.

1. The country is called the UnitedKingdom of Great Britain and North-

ern Ireland. 2. His reign lasted forten years. 3. Fairies are charactersfrom the realm of fantasy.

1. A list of successful candidates was

published. 2. She listed (made a listof, catalogued) his virtues. 3. The

incident caused diplomatic relations

to be broken off.

1. His work was considered to beoutstanding. 2. The Prado is one ofthe most remarkable,museums in the

world. 3. His presence at this meet-ing is important, we'll wait a littlebefore beginning. 4. It is the mostoutstanding feature of her personal-

ity. 5. He has an important job in

the company. 6.1 don't see how

that's relevant.

1. Add the lemon juice while stirringcontinuously. 2. He removed all the

obstacles from my path. 3. Stir thesauce until it is smooth. 4. He

stirred the water to dissolve the

aspirin.

1. He lives on his private income.

2. It provides him with an annual in-

come of $100,000. 3. He put themoney in the bank and he lives off

the interest.

1. The sale realised a thousand dol-

lars. 2. This could bring even greater

profits. 3. That business has earned

him a lot of money.

1. She appeared at the judge's re-

quest. 2. He was extradited at therequest of the German authorities.3. She testified in the trial at the re-quest of the public prosecutor.

1. He resigned from his job. 2. He

doesn't resign himself to being stuckin a wheelchair. 3. You have no al-

ternative but to resign.

1. His resignation was most conven-

ient for the firm. 2. The opposition

demanded her resignation. 3. You

must bear it with resignation, it's

hopeless.

1. It was so cold there, I couldn't

take it any more. 2. I can't take anymore. 3. His heart wouldn't stand a

shock like that. 4. He reached the

limits of human endurance.

1. There was a spring in the door

which prevented it from remainingopen. 2. He used every means hecould to get the contract. 3. Thesprings in the bed are broken.

1. The children learn to add and sub-tract. 2. Subtract four from twelve.

3. This affair has undermined his au-thority. 4. The doctor played down

its importance. 5.1 still have some

holiday left.

1. The house turned out to be moreexpensive than we had thought.2. His advice proved (to be) useless.

3. It turned out just as we hadplanned. 4. His idea didn't work.5. The whole thing turned out to bea misunderstanding. 6.1 tried to

persuade him but it didn't work.

7. The house is too big for us now

the children are no longer at home.

1. To summarise, they've refused uspermission. 2. All of which may besummed up as follows... 3. To sumup, I think it was a positive meet-ing. 4. I will try to sum up the main

points of her article.

1. The fact that he was so reluctant

to open the door made me suspi-cious. 2. They are reluctant to pro-vide explanations. 3. He was reluc-tant at first.

1. Salary negotiable. 2. If I do thisfor you, what's my reward? 3. Thepost doesn't have a very high salary,but it's an interesting job.

1. The meeting didn't achieve much.

2. I managed to gain admittance tothe meeting. 3. The meeting was

well attended. 4. Reporters werebarred from the meeting.

1. The prime minister met his Italianopposite number. 2. She couldn'traise enough money. 3. Candidates

must satisfy the following require-ments... 4. The first thing is to

gather all the necessary information.

1. You can get photos developed inan hour. 2. She took off her scarf, re-vealing the scar on her neck. 3. Itisn't difficult to develop a photo.

1. Have you checked the sparkplugs? 2. The gearbox has been thor-oughly checked. 3. He has his teeth

checked every six months.

1. She rummaged around in thedrawer. 2. He was rummaging aroundin the suitcase for his socks. 3. Hehad been rummaging around in mythings.

1. What a lovely child! 2. This tastesdelicious! 3. She looks cute/lovely in

that dress. 4. All the puddings weretoo rich.

1. You can't wear these dirty clothes.2. They were wearing light clothes.3. He put his clothes on the chair.

1. That is very hard work. 2. He is apoor, ignorant peasant. 3. I don'tlike this material, it's very rough.4. He's a bit rough in his manners,

but he's a very good person.

1. The murmur of the waves could beheard from the room. 2. When he an-nounced his resignation, murmuringscould be heard in the room.

1. We must take out the rubbish.2. I took the meat out of the freezer.3. He pulled a gun out of his pocket.4. He took out his diary.

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1.1 went to say hello to him. 2. Hegreeted the crowd with a clenchedfist. 3. He never says hello to any-one when he comes into the office.4. Say hello to your brother from me.

1. The child was growing up healthyand strong. 2.1 have healthy teethbecause I take good care of them.3. Walking is very healthy 4. Shegrew up in a very healthy family at-mosphere.

i.The public health system inthis country has improved.2. They had a visit from a healthinspector. 3. In this city we havesanitation problems.

1. What's all this racket about?2. Why does she have to make such afuss? 3. The press have had a fieldday with the scandal. 4. A drunk wascausing a disturbance in the street.

1. These children are very noisy, theynever stop shouting. 2. Don't be sonoisy.

•••• ^^H

1. He walked across the stage. 2. Thiscity was the scene of an importantbattle. 3. They made a makeshiftstage by putting some tables to-gether. 4. It was the perfect settingfor a wedding.

1.1 like the outline, but you have toput some flesh on it. 2. The govern-ment has declared its interest in thescheme. 3. Make an outline of thearticle before you start writing.

1. There has been an accident with abus carrying schoolchildren to anexcursion. 2. The youngest school-children leave half an hour beforethe eldest.

1. They still keep up age-old tradi-tions. 2. Bullfighting is an age-oldtradition in Spain.

1. I'm sure she'll come. 2. I'm not re-ally sure but I think that's his name.3. I'm sure we can come to some ar-rangement.

1. The teacher asked us to write aportrait of this character. 2. Aftermaking a biographical sketch of theguest of honour, the director pro-posed a toast. 3. The interviewergave a short biographical sketch ofhis guest.

1. Babies are very sensitive to heat.2. All her actions so far have beensensible. 3. She's a very sensitivegirl. 4. There has been a marked dropin the number of accidents. 5. Shehas shown marked improvement.

difficult to understand. 3. The stateof the economy discourages foreigninvestment. 4. Many foreign influ-ences have been assimilated intoour culture.

i. According to the saying, the earlybird catches the worm. 2. Many max-ims capture popular sentiments withwisdom. 3. He always quotes somemaxim or proverb to back up whathe's saying.

1. She passed in all subjects. 2. Thecatalogue number of the book is862. 3. English is a compulsory sub-ject.

1. They drew lots to decide the start-ing positions. 2. They managed toget around the problem. 3. A car willbe raffled. 4. We'll try to find a wayaround the difficulties.

1. He stood, sword in hand, poisedto strike. 2. He thrust his sword intothe ground.

1. He was very lavish with the cham-pagne. 2. Your gift was really gener-ous.

1. It's a fascinating picture of life inimperial Russia. 2. They're the verypicture of brotherly love.

1. Being a foreigner he had more dif-ficulty finding work. 2. They are nu-ances that a foreigner would find

1. After the match they shook hands.2. They tightened the net around thegroup. 3. The road narrows at thebridge.

1. The material is very soft to thetouch. 2. This region has a mild cli-mate. 3.1 like the gentle rocking ofthe boat on the waves. 4. There wasa gentle breeze.

1. Many poor people live in theslums. 2. They live in a quiet suburb.

1. What's happened to Ram6n? 2. Ithas succeeded beyond our wildestexpectations. 3. It was bound tohappen sooner or later. 4. A strangething happened to me this morning.

1. That event stirred public opinion.2. He described it as the most impor-tant event of the year. 3. They wentto the scene of the incident.

1. They extinguished (put out) thefire with sand. 2. He got upset be-cause the doorman tried to preventhim from going in. 3. It took themseveral hours to put out the fire.4. Don't get upset, everything willbe ok.

1. He arrived very out of breath.2. She's out of breath from runningso much.

1. You're not ill, it's all in the mind.2. He is very persuasive. 3. The sug-gestion was received with guffaws oflaughter. 4.1 don't think it can be aghost, it's all in your mind.

1. He couldn't stand the pain. 2. Wecan't stand each other. 3. She boreall her troubles without complaint.4.1 couldn't stand that climate any

EDITORIAL STANLEY 161

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longer. 5. She'll have to put up withme the way I am.

1. They failed her in physics. 2. My

friend failed maths. 3. The bus serv-ice has been suspended until further

notice.

1. He's a really nice fellow. 2. Hewasn't very friendly to her. 3. She

likes him, but she doesn't love him.4. My neighbours are not very

friendly.

1. At first we didn't get on (well to-gether). 2.1 hit it off with themstraight away. 3.1 sympathise, butthis cannot go on.

1.1 have a great liking for him.2. His friendliness isjust a front.3. She soon earned our affection.

4. The Andalusians are famous fortheir friendliness.

1. The managers finally gave in tothe union's demands. 2. The tradeunion leaders were leading the dem-onstration. 3. They tried to avoid ahead-on clash with the union.

1. He bought a few boards to use asshelves. 2. A skateboard consists of

a board with wheels. 3. He had sawnthe plank in half.

1. This towel is rough to the touch.2. She has a highly developed senseof touch. 3. That wasn't very tactfulof him.

1. The tenant must give a month's

notice. 2. The cupboard is a legacyfrom the previous tenant. 3. Lieuten-

ant is a military rank.

1. His idea of love is based entirely

on literary clich6s. 2. The topic ofthe debate was immigration. 3. Thereare a lot of cliche~s about the inhab-itants of this region.

1. You've fallen into the trap. 2. Thepolice had set a trap for them.

1. The problem goes beyond my areaof responsibility. 2. The strike has

spread to other departments. 3. The

programme goes beyond national

borders. 4. The news has leaked out.

1. It was hardly an earthshaking dis-covery. 2. The signing of the treaty

was a momentous occasion. 3. Her

help was crucial in enabling them to

finish on time.

1. He addresses her as "usted". 2. It's

the form of address used when

speaking to a judge. 3. Treatment of

the waste is a complicated process.

1. The nail has gone right throughthe wall. 2. He crossed the border. 3.

The sauce went right through the ta-

blecloth. 4. He transferred the busi-ness to his son.

i. He's a really nice chap. 2. The ac-

tress has a very good figure. 3. Hethinks he's a tough guy. 4. The ex-

change rate is very advantageous

to us.

1. The agreement that was reached

then was invalidated by a subse-

quent one. 2.1 cannot believe that

they don't have ulterior motives forhelping.

1.1 last saw her two days ago. 2. Wesat in the back row. 3. You have the

last word. 4. He hasn't changed verymuch since the last time we saw

him.

1. She hasn't been around here very

much lately. 2. Have you seen any-

thing of Christopher lately? 3. She's

been keeping bad company recently.

1. How irresponsible to give up his

studies at this stage! 2. He was un-conscious for five minutes. 3. Only athoughtless person would leave the

car open. 4. At that age young peo-

ple are very irresponsible.

1. Housework is such a thanklesstask. 2. I've been given the unpleas-

ant task of breaking the news to

them.

1. He was sacked for being lazy.

2. The instructions were very vague.3. He's as lazy as they come.

1. He lacks the courage to do it.2. These documents are of great his-

torical value. 3. She had the nerve to

ask me for more money.

1. He's drunk four glasses of waterone after the other. 2. She knocked

the glass out of his hand.

i. He's very changeable. 2. Theydon't like fickle employees.

1. The sonnet is a composition in

fourteen lines. 2. He analysed the

poem line by line. 3. Little is known

about her verse (poetry).

1. He's addicted to videogames.2. They know the dissolute people

who frequent those dives. 3. You re-ally are hooked! how many's that

you've smoked? 4. It's a vicious circle.

1. She felt a bit awkward. 2. It was a

very awkward situation. 3.1 was em-

barrassed by his generosity. 4. She

was close to tears, which was veryembarrassing.

1. She's very fickle in her tastes.

2. I'm not relying on what she's told

me because she's very changeable.

1. She took a vow of poverty. 2. He

had taken a vow of celibacy. 3. She

can attend the meeting but she

doesn't have the right to vote.

1. She's wearing a very ordinary

dress. 2.1 was treated like a com-mon criminal. 3. It's just a common

cold. 4. What's the common name for

this plant?

162 EDITORIAL STANLEY

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FONDO EDITORIAL STANLEY

ENGLISH

3000 TESTS ELEMENTARY LEVEL

KEYS 3000 TESTS

2000 TESTS ADVANCED LEVEL

KEYS 2000 TESTS

1500 STRUCTURED TESTS I

1500 STRUCTURED TESTS II

1500 STRUCTURED TESTS III

KEYS STRUCTURED TESTS

DIDACTIC CROSSWORDS I

BILINGUAL BUSINESS LETTERS

NEW GUIDE TO BUSINESS LETTERS

ENGLISH GRAMMAR I (N/E)

ENGLISH GRAMMAR II (N/E)

ENGLISH GRAMMAR III (N/E)

KEYS ENGLISH GRAMMAR

2000 BILINGUAL PHRASES I

2000 BILINGUAL PHRASES II

2000 BILINGUAL PHRASES III

GUIDE OF PREPOSITIONS

USING PREPOSITIONS - EXERCISES

159 TRANSLATIONS I

159 TRANSLATIONS II

159 TRANSLATIONS III

159 TRANSLATIONS IV

FILL IN THE GAPS I

FILL IN THE GAPS II

FILL IN THE GAPS III

KEYS FILL IN THE GAPS

DICTATIONS IN ENGLISH I

DICTATIONS IN ENGLISH II

GUIDE TO PHRASAL VERBS

USING PHRASAL VERBS

ENGLISH VERBS ONE BY ONE

MY ENGLISH TELLTALE

CONVERSATION IN ACTION - Let's talk!

THE IRREGULAR VERBS AND MODALS

1000 EVERYDAY IDIOMS IN BUSINESS

A TO ZED, A TO ZEE • A GUIDE TO THEDIFFERENCES BETWEEN BRITISH AND AMERICAN

ENGLISH

EL INGLES PROHIBIDO

FALSE FRIENDS • FALSOS AMIGOS

FRANQAIS ESPANOL

1000 TESTS EN FRANQAIS I

1000 TESTS EN FRANQAIS II

1000 TESTS EN FRANQAIS III

1000 TESTS EN FRANQAIS IV

1000 TESTS EN FRANQAIS V

5000 CLES

DICTEES EN FRANQAIS I-A

DICTEES EN FRANQAIS I-B

DICTEES EN FRANQAIS I-C

MOTS CROISES DIDACTIQUES

Lectures Graduees en Francais:

• L'lLE MYSTERIEUSE

• 20.000 LIEUES SOUS LES MERS

• LES TROIS MOUSQUETAIRES

• LE COMPTE DE MONTE CRISTO

• UN CAPITAINE DE QUINZE ANS

• MICHEL STROGOFF

• QUI SAIT?

• LA FAMILLE LENOIR

TRADUIRE AUJOURD'HUI 1

TRADUIRE AUJOURD'HUI 2

MON BILAN GRAMMATICAL

NOUVEAU GUIDE DECORRESPONDANCE COMMERCIALE

TESTS ESPANOL I

TESTS ESPANOL II

TESTS ESPANOL III

TESTS ESPANOL IV

TESTS ESPANOL V

CLAVES TESTS ESPANOL

DICTADOS EN ESPANOL I-A

DICTADOS EN ESPANOL I-B

DICTADOS EN ESPANOL I-C

CRUCIGRAMAS DIDACTICOS I

CRUCIGRAMAS DIDACTICOS II

CRUCIGRAMAS DIDACTICOS III

GRAMATICA ESPANOLA

CLAVES GRAMATICA ESPANOLA

Lecturas graduadas en espanol:

• LA FAMILIA PEREZ

• iQUIEN SABE?

• LA ISLA MISTERIOSA

• 20.000 LEGUAS DE VIAJESUBMARINO

• EL CONDE DE MONTECRISTO

• LOS TRES MOSQUETEROS

• UN CAPITAN DE 15 ANOS

•MIGUEL STROGOFF

GUIAS PARA VIAJAR

GUIA DEL VIAJERO - INGLES

CONVERSATION GUIDE - SPANISH

GUIA DEL VIAJERO - ALEMAN

SPRACHFURER KONVERSATION -SPANISCH

GUIA DEL VIAJERO - FRANCES

GUIDE CONVERSATION - ESPAGNOL

GUIA DEL VIAJERO ITALIANO

GUIDA Dl CONVERSAZIONE - ESPAGNOLO

GUIA DEL VIAJERO - PORTUGUES

EDITORIAL STANLEY • WWW.IibrOSS.COmApdo. 207 • 20300 IRUN • Tel. 943 64 04 12 • Fax. 943 64 38 63 • e - m a i l : . s t a n l e y @ n e x o . e s