Glucose Meter

What is Glucose ?

• Glucose is a simple sugar that provides the body with its primary source of energy.

• This type of sugar comes from digesting carbohydrates into a chemical that the body can easily convert to energy. When glucose levels in the bloodstream aren't properly regulated, a person can develop a serious condition, such as diabetes.

What is Glucose ?

• This functional form of energy then gets absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream. It is then carried throughout the body, providing energy for the person to perform all types of activities, such as simple movements, demanding physical exercises or even thinking.

Normal blood sugar ranges

• The normal blood glucose level in humans is about (4 mmol/L or 72 mg/dL)

• The body, when operating normally, restores the blood sugar level to a range of about 4.4 to 6.1 mmol/L (82 to 110 mg/dL)

• Shortly after eating the blood glucose level may rise temporarily up to 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL)

How to measure concentration of glucose in blood

A glucose meter (or glucometer) is a medical device for determining the

approximate concentration of glucose in the blood.

Glucose Meter• It is a key element of home

blood glucose monitoring (HBGM) by people with diabetes

Technology How it works

• Most glucometers today use an electrochemical method.

• Test strips contain a capillary that sucks up a reproducible amount of blood.

• The glucose in the blood reacts with an enzyme electrode containing glucose oxidase (or dehydrogenase). The enzyme is reoxidized with an excess of a mediator reagant.

Technology

• The mediator in turn is reoxidised by reaction at the electrode,which generates an electrical current.

• The total charge passing through the electrode is proportional to the amount of glucose in the blood that has reacted with the enzyme.

Block Diagram

Blood glucose monitoring using iPhone

Blood glucose monitoring using iPhone

• A new way to help diabetics record and share critical health information.

• Over 17.9 million Americans have diabetes, and they all live with the painful, often thrice-daily process of using needles to check blood sugar. The process is clunky and uncomfortable -- and dangerous due to potential errors. But a new iPhone-compatible glucometer hopes to change all that, by improving the blood collection process while providing an easy way to track data.

Blood glucose monitoring using iPhone

• This new product can actually take blood samples using a device that plugs right into the iPhone.

• This system replaces less accurate and more cumbersome stand alone glucometers that do not store or wirelessly transmit data.

• A small glucometer accurately reads blood sugar from a strip that a very small sample of blood is placed on -- "a prick that can hardly be felt”.

Easy to carry every where and more portable

• A case can be fitted around the meter that wraps around the phone, keeping it extremely handy for users who are on the go. And like a text message from your body,

a prompt can be programmed into the phone to serve as a reminder to check levels.

Software access

• Using the iPhone app in conjunction with the monitor also allows the meter to do many things it could not do alone. Namely, the app allows the user to input various behavioral or environmental changes -- skipped a meal, exercised, recently injected insulin -- and can track that information along with the blood sugar levels.

WaveSense diabetes tracking app in this new glucometer, show how the information is

plotted.

Software access

• The data stored in the application can be accessed on the phone or the computer, allowing the user to always have the information at hand for a health care provider.

• The data can be programmed to be shared.