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2 MAR | Re | 08/00 | 1 GPRS General Packet Radio Services GPRS measurements 1MAT 08.10.02 GPRS General Packet Radio Services (Placeholder for a cover picture; this picture should always cover the whole slide width as shown here) GPRS measurements

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Page 1: GPRS measurements - pudn.comread.pudn.com/downloads161/ebook/733566/GPRS/cd... · GPRS General Packet Radio Services GPRS measurements 1MAT | 08.10.02 | GPRS test modes GPRS Tx measurements

2 MAR | Re |08/00 |

1 GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

1MAT 08.10.02

GPRSGeneral Packet Radio Services

(Placeholder for a cover picture; this picture should alwayscover the whole slide width as shown here)

GPRS measurements

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

1MAT | 08.10.02 |

GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

2

Your Lecturer is:

Reiner StuhlfauthRohde&Schwarz

Training Center, Munich

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

1MAT | 08.10.02 |

GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

3

Structure of presentation

�GPRS - Test modes

�GPRS - Tx power measurements

�GPRS - modulation measurements

�GPRS - spectrum measurements

�GPRS - Receiver measurements

Outline of Presentation

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

1MAT | 08.10.02 |

GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

4

GPRS test modesSpecial test mode for GPRSGPRS is a standard for data transfer. Under testing conditions, there is no data source.

MS declaration: 3 classes of MS

Capable to transmit pseudo-random data in RLC data blocks

Capable of transmitting looped-back RLC data blocks

Capable of both

=> There is a special test mode specified in GPRSthat allows the transfer of Pseudo Random Data

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

1MAT | 08.10.02 |

GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

5

GPRS test modes

Establishment of uplink TBF

Radio Tester orders MS into GPRS test mode, with command: GPRS_TEST_MODE_CMD

=> commands the MS to request uplink resource

Radio Tester orders MS into GPRS test mode, with command: GPRS_TEST_MODE_CMD

=> commands the MS to request uplink resource

PDU Description (12 bit field): Number of PDU’s to transmit in Uplink: 0 .. 4096 PDU’s

PDU Description (12 bit field): Number of PDU’s to transmit in Uplink: 0 .. 4096 PDU’s

Mode Flag M (1 bit field):to select test modes A or B

Mode Flag M (1 bit field):to select test modes A or B

Downlink Timeslot Offset (3 bit field):timeslot offset between uplink and downlink

Downlink Timeslot Offset (3 bit field):timeslot offset between uplink and downlink

Parameters of : GPRS_TEST_MODE_CMD

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

1MAT | 08.10.02 |

GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

6

GPRS test modes

GSM-RF -physical layerGSM-L2RLCGSM-L3MAC

LLCSNDCP GMM/SN

IPAPP

fast production test mode“reduced signalling”

BLER test modes ETSI 44.014

Signalling test modes for GMSK / 8PSKdefined under ETSI 44.014

Test modes requirefull implementationof certain protocol

layers inside the MS

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

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GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

7

GPRS test modes�Test Mode A (GPRS / EGPRS)

ETSI 44.014 test mode commands the mobile into atransmission mode of a PRBS (Pseudo Random Bit Sequence)

����multislot Tx measurements– power versus time– phase and frequency– spectrum (modulation/ switching)

�Test Mode B (GPRS /EGPRS)ETSI 44.014 test mode closes the mobileinternal BER loop for GPRS (CS1-4) andEGPRS (MSC1-9) coded radio blocks

���� Rx measurements:– BER– DBLER– + all Tx measurements

described in Mode A

ETSI 44.014 test modes A and B GSM-RF -physical layer

GSM-L2RLCGSM-L3MAC

LLCSNDCP GMM/SN

IPAPP

For Tx measurementsonly!

For Tx and Rxmeasurements!

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GPRS General Packet Radio ServicesGPRS measurements

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GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

8

GPRS Tx measurements

GSM 400 and GSM 900 and GSM 850

Powercontrollevel

Nominal Outputpower (dBm)

Tolerance (dB) forconditions

normal extreme

0-2 39 ±2 ±2,53 37 ±3 ±44 35 ±3 ±45 33 ±3 ±46 31 ±3 ±47 29 ±3 ±48 27 ±3 ±49 25 ±3 ±410 23 ±3 ±411 21 ±3 ±412 19 ±3 ±413 17 ±3 ±414 15 ±3 ±415 13 ±3 ±416 11 ±5 ±617 9 ±5 ±618 7 ±5 ±619-31 5 ±5 ±6

GSM 1800

Powercontrollevel

NominalOutput power(dBm)

Tolerance (dB) forconditions

normal extreme

29 36 ±2 ±2,530 34 ±3 ±431 32 ±3 ±40 30 ±3 ±41 28 ±3 ±42 26 ±3 ±43 24 ±3 ±44 22 ±3 ±45 20 ±3 ±46 18 ±3 ±47 16 ±3 ±48 14 ±3 ±49 12 ±4 ±510 10 ±4 ±511 8 ±4 ±512 6 ±4 ±513 4 ±4 ±514 2 ±5 ±615-28 0 ±5 ±6

GSM: Tx Power of MS is ordered via PCL-value

PCL = Power Control Level

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GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

9

MS-Power in GPRS

PCH = min(Γ0 - ΓCH - α * (C + 48),PMAX)

MS output power is calculated belong formula:

Γ0 = 39dBm for GSM 900 / 400 / 85036 dBm for GSM 1800 / 1900

ΓCH = MS specific parameter, sent in RLC control message, valid per Timeslot, 5 bit value, step of 2 dB from 0..62 dB

α = system parameter on System Information, 4 bit value, from 0.0 .. 1.0 in 10 steps

PMAX = maximum allowed power in that cell

C = received signal level at MS (=RXLEV)

PCH is employed on each individual PDCH !

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GPRS Rxmeasurements

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MS-Power in GPRS

PCH = min(Γ0 - ΓCH - α * (C + 48),PMAX)

Tx power control settingsimplemented in test equipment

Link adaption parameterαααα is not implemented

in test equipment.Reason is, that MS Tx power

shall be constant

PCH is employed on each individual PDCH !

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GPRS modulationmeasurements

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GPRS Rxmeasurements

11

GPRS Tx measurementsMultislot MS: Power Measurements

The MS shall use the same output power on all 4 bursts within one radio block

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Power

time

1 Radio Block

TDMA Frame

Example: Multislot3 Timeslots within 1 TDMA Frame

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GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

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12

GPRS Power measurements

Burst in Timeslot n

PowerRamping

PBurst

Power

TimeTime Start

TimeLength

T=Tail bit F=Flag bit G=Guard Periode

T3

T3

57 Information bits 26 BitsTraining Sequence

F1

F1

G8,25

57 Information bits

Does the burstcorrespond tothe structure?

Points of consideration in Tx measurements

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GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

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13

GPRS Power measurements

dB

t

- 6

- 30

+ 4

8 µs 10 µs 10 µs 8 µs

(147 bits)

7056/13 (542.8) µs 10 µs

(*)

10 µs

- 1+ 1

(***)

(**)

Checking of all the measurements aspects due to power versus time template

specified according to training sequence

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GPRStest modes

GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

GPRS spectrummeasurements

GPRS Rxmeasurements

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Power versus time single slot

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TS2 TS5TS4TS3

Power versus time “multiburst”

�auto detection of GMSK or 8PSK modulation-> template will be chosen accordingly

�real time positioning of each template section independent (x-axes ref. to mid amble / y-axes ref. to average burst power)

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GPRS Txmeasurements

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GPRS Rxmeasurements

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Power v. time “multiburst” - 2 bursts

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GPRS Txmeasurements

GPRS modulationmeasurements

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multislot - power v. time “multislot”

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Power v. time - free and easy scaling�the power versus time multislot application offers

� free scaling for time axes– span resolution down to

1 symbol per unit

� free scaling for level axes– span resolution down to

1dB per unit

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Power versus slot

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Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying

Logical 0 = ϕ( bit n+1) - ϕ( bit n ) = 2π

+

Logical 1 = ϕ( bit n+1) - ϕ( bit n ) = 2π

I

Q

ϕ(t)

Quadratur component

Inphasecomponent

Q(t)

I(t)

ϕ

cosϕ

sinϕ cos2ϕ + sin2ϕ=1

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Modulation phase + frequency error

Real phase

data

ideal phase

Phase +frequency

error

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Modulation phase + frequency error

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IQ imbalance /origin offset

– I/Q adjustments in CMU works in timedomain (complex base band)independently from the modulationpattern

– origin offset is equivalent to carriersuppressionp(f C+n) - p(f C)

– IQ imbalance is equivalent to sideband suppressionp(f C+n) - p(f C-n)

Q

Iorigin offset

I/Q imbalance

f C-n f C f C+n f C-n f C f C+n

modulation pattern “1” modulation pattern”0”

Used forI/Q

adjustment

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24

GPRS spectrum measurements

dB

t100%90%Averaging

period

50%midamble

Useful part of the burst

0%

Switching transients

Max-hold level = peak of switching transients

Video average level= spectrum due to

modulation

Spectrum measurement in with RBW=30kHz in zero span with f = fc-1,8MHz, ...fc-0,1MHz, fc, fc-0,1MHZ, fc-0,2MHz, fc-0,4MHz, ...fc+1,8MHz

Spectrum of normal burst in zero span mode with f = fc and RBW = 30kHz

Averaging period for spectrum due tomodulation

Peak detectionfor spectrum

due to switching

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25

multislot - spectrum due to modulation

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multislot - spectrum due to switching

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27

GPRS Rx MeasurementsLoop Back Mode in Mobile Station

Burst by burst

DUT

DemodulatorChannel

Decoder

ChannelCoderModulator

RLC/MAC

LayerRAW BERLoop

Loop Back after channelcoding

BER/BLER loop

RAW BER loop

Block by block

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28

GPRS Rx measurements

RLC DataMACHeader

RLCHeader BCS

Reminder: RLC/MAC block structure in GPRS

Block check sequence protectspayload + header

Header fields are different in

uplink and downlink

Only payload is relevant forBER calculation

Not relevant forBER calculation

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GPRS Rx measurements

BER: Bit Error Rate

DemodulatorChannel

Decoder

Channel

CoderModulatorRLC/MAC

LayerRAW BERLoop

Loop Back after channelcoding

RLC DataMACHeader

RLCHeader BCS

RLC DataMACHeader

RLCHeader BCS

DUT

BER = Received bits in error

Total number of send bits

BER = tester compares sent and received bits of payload

compare

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GPRS Rx measurementsDBLER: Data Block Error Rate

DemodulatorChannel

Decoder

Channel

CoderModulatorRLC/MAC

LayerRAW BERLoop

Loop Back after channelcoding

RLC DataMACHeader

RLCHeader BCS

RLC DataMACHeader

RLCHeader BCS

DUT

DBLER = Received data blocks in error

Total number of send blocks

DBLER = tester compares sent and received payload blocks

compare

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GPRS Rx measurementsUSF-BLER: Uplink State Flag Block Error Rate

n n+1 n+2 n+3 n+4 n+5 n+6

n-2 n-1 n n+2 n+3 n+4

USF valid

USF valid

USF decoding

error

USF valid

USF valid

USF valid

Downlink

Uplink

USF BLER is counting the percentage rate of not received uplink radio blocks

no ULradio block

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GPRS Rx measurementsNegative USF-BLER:

USF invalid

USF invalid

USF decoding

error

USF invalid

USF invalid

USF invalid

Downlink

Uplink

Negative USF BLER is counting the percentage rate of unexpectedly received uplink radio blocks

tester transmits only invalid USF values in downlink

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Test mode B based measurements

number of erroneousreceived UL blocks

CRC error: Cyclic redundancy check error on UL

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Test mode B based measurements

BIT

Gen

erat

ion

GPRSchannelcoder

Modu-lator

De-modu-lator

De-coder

RLC

/MA

C Layer

.... Application Layer

CoderModu-lator

Demodu-lator

GPRSchanneldecoderB

IT

Ana

lysi

s

Ack/Nack

Radio tester GPRS - DUT

TBF for BER Loop“b-mode”

supporting“BER”

“DBLER”“USF BLER”

MS must loop back even in case if BCS detects an Rx error

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�BER�Bit error rate measurement

�USF BLER� indicates the ratio of correct interpreted

UL state flags

�DBLER� indicates the ratio of the correct

received radio blocks

�CRC Err.� indicates errors on the uplink - CRC or

so called BCS (Block Check Sequenz) used to cross check that all BER and DBLER errors are caused on the DL

Test mode B based measurements

CMU200

TBFestablished

via BER Loop“b-mode”

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36

BLER mode

BIT

Gen

erat

ion

GPRSchannelcoder

Modu-lator

De-modu-lator

De-coder

RLC

/MA

C Layer

.... Application Layer

CoderModu-lator

Demodu-lator

GPRSchanneldecoderB

IT

Ana

lysi

s

Ack/Nack

Radio tester GPRS - DUT

BLER: Block Error Rate

BLER is based on signalling messages

in acknowledgeddata transfer

TBF establishment in RLC acknowledged mode

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37

BLER example with TBF on 3DL

Mobile

TBF DLBlock 1

Block 2

Block 3

Block 1

Block 2

Block 3

Block 4

Block 5

Block 6

Block 1

Block 2

Block 3

Block 4

Block 5

Block 6

Block 7

Block 8

Block 9

Block 1

Block 2

Block 3

Block 4

Block 5

Block 6

Block 7

Block 8

Block 9

Block10

Block11

Block12

ACK / NACK

Pay load

UL

Radiocom

Tester

TBF establishment via BLER mode

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38

BLER example with TBF on 3DL

Radiocom

Tester

Mobile

TBF DL

ACK / NACK

Block10

Block 5

Dummy

repeat block 5 and 10 UL

TBF establishment via BLER mode

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39

Mobile

TBF DLBlock13

Block14

Block15

Block13

Block14

Block15

Block16

Block17

Block18

Block13

Block14

Block15

Block16

Block17

Block18

Block19

Block20

Block21

Block13

Block14

Block15

Block16

Block17

Block18

Block19

Block20

Block21

Block22

Block23

Block24

ACK / NACK

New pay load

BLER example with TBF on 3DL

Radiocom

Tester

UL

TBF establishment via BLER mode

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40

BLER mode based measurements

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41

BLER mode based measurements

�sensitivity measurements are done in the so-called “knee” of the BER function

-40 dBm -100 dBmReceiverinput level

BER

a small difference in levelcauses a large change inyour result

=> due to retransmission of erroneous blocks, the execution time for BLER measurement

will enlarge dramatically

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42

GPRS Rx measurementsWait for next radio

block

Block_Counterall++

Any radioblock

received?

Are all BCSin radio block

correct?

USF_Error_Counter++

RLC_Block_CounterRX++

do BER calcualtion

BCS_Error_Counter++

Is BER >0%?

DBLER_Counter++

Is BER <25%?

BER_Counter :=BER_Counter + Biterrors;RLC_Block_CounterBER++;

NO

NO

NO

YES

YES

NO

YES

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43

GPRS Rx measurementsRelationship between BLER and DBLER for CS-4

relationship between BLER and DBLER allows thefaster measurement of DBLER instead of BLER

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Thank you for your attention

??

http://www.rohde-schwarz.comor

[email protected]

Further questions:

?