Grammatical Analysis

8/13/2019 Grammatical Analysis

1/17

Clauses MC

Millions of workers will be guaranteed an extra eight days paid holiday a year.

Fin. VFs

Phrases NP VP NP

Word cl. Cardinalnumber

Prep Noun (v) (v) (v) Indef.

Art.

Adj. used

Attribut.

Cardinal

number

Noun (v) Noun Indef.

art.

Noun

Non-finite Finite Non-finite Non-finite Full verb 2ndauxiliary Prim. auxiliary Full verb Past participle 3rdp. plural Bare infinitive Past participle

Future Simple, non-perfective, non-continuous, passive

Functions Subject Predicator Direct Object


2/17

Clauses MC SC

The secondary school s headmaster expelled the pair after the police had intervened.

Fin. VFs

Phrases NP VP NP NP VP

Word cl. Def.art

Ordinal

number

Noun Gen. Noun (v) Def.

art

Pair Subor.

Conj.

Def.

art

Noun (v) (v)

Finite Prim. Aux. Non-finite 3rdp. sing Finite Full verb Past simple 3rdp. plural Past part. Active Past Perfect Simple, non-continuous,

active Full verb Non-perf. Non-cont.

Functions Subject Pred. DO Adverbial Adjunct of Time

Subject Predicator


3/17

Clauses SC1 SC2

If he had gone into the computer business when he left school,

Fin. VFs

Phrases NP VP Prepositional Phrase NP VP NP

Word cl. Subor.Conj.

Pers.

pronoun

(v) (v) Prepos. Def. art. Noun noun Subor.

Conj.

Pers.

pronoun

(v) noun

Compound noun

Finite Non-finite Finite Primary auxiliary Full verb Full verb 3rdp. singular Past participle 3rdp. singular

Past Perfect Simple, non-continuous, active Past Simple Non-continuous Non-perfective Active

Functions Adverbial adjunct of Condition/Time

S Pred Prep. Object Adv. Adj. of Time

S Pred DO


4/17

Clauses MC

he would have been a comparatively rich man now.

Fin. VFs

Phrases NP VP NP AdvP

Word cl. Pers. Pron. (v) (v) (v) Indef. Art. Adverb Adjective Noun Adverb Finite Non-finite Non-finite 3rdp. sing (bare) infinitive Past participle 2ndaux. Prim. Aux. Copula

Past Perfect Simple, non-continuous, active

Adv. Adj.Of Timeunctions S Predicator Complement to the Subject


5/17

Clauses MC SC

The notice had been put there by four unhappy children who did nt want

Fin. VFs

Phrases NP VP AdvPh Prepositional phrase

Or: Prep. Ph. NP VP

Word cl. Def.Art.

Noun (v) (v) (v) Adverb Prep. Card.

Number

Adjective NounRelative

Pronoun/

Subordin.

Conjunct.

(v) Part

icle

(v)

Finite Non-finite Full verb Finite Full verb Primary auxiliary

Past-participle Past-participle Past simple Non-finite 3rdp. singular Non-finite 3rdp. pl. bare

infinitivePast perfect continuous, passive, non-perfective negative

Non-perfective,

Functions S Pred Adv.Adj.

Place/Agent

Subject of he passive construction


6/17

Clauses SC1)

to be taken on holiday to Bournemouth by their parents.

Fin. VFs

Phrases continuing) Prepositional Phrase

VP Prep. Ph. Prep. Ph. Prep. Ph.

Word cl. (v) (v)Adv.

Particle

/prep.

Noun Prep Noun/proper name Prep. Agent Pos. pronoun Noun

Non-finite Non-finite To-infinitive Full verb Primary auxiliary Past participle

(Non-perfective), non-continuous, passive

Functions Subject of he passive construction


7/17

Cls MC MC2

He was backed by governors, but an independent appeals panel overturned the decision on a technicality

F VFs

Phrs NP VP Prep. Ph. NP VP NP Prep. Ph.

W cl. Pers.Pron.

(v) (v)Adv.

Conj

Agent

Noun Coord

Conj.Ind.

Art.

Adjective Compound noun (v) Def.

Art.

Noun Prep Ind.

Art.

Noun

Finite Full verb

Finite Non-finite 3rdp. sing Prim. Aux. Full verb Past simple 3rd p. sing Past-Participle Non-cont.

Simple Past, non-perfective, Non-perf.non-continuous, passive Active

Fns S Pred. Adv Adj Agent S Pred DO Prep. Object


8/17

Clauses MC3 SC

and ruled that the boys should return to the 1300 - pupil comprehensive.

Fin. VFs

Phrases VP NP VP Prepositional Phrase

Word cl. Coord.Conj.

(v) Subord.

Conj.

Def.

Art.

Noun (v) (v) Prep. Def.

Art.

Card.

Number

Noun Noun

Finite Non-finite Finite 2ndaux. Full verb Full verb 3rdp. plural Bare inf. 3rdp. singular Past Simple Past Simple Active Non-continuous Non-perfective Active

Functions Pred Direct Object

S Pred Prepositional Object


9/17

Cls SC1 SC2

While England began to dilute its comprehensive system almost as soon as it was established

F VFs

Phrs NP VP NP AdvPh NP VP

W cl. Subord.Conj.

Pr. Name (v) part

icle

(v) Poss.

Pron.Adjective Noun Adverb Subord. Conj. pers

pron

(v) (v)

Finite Full verb Finite Full verb Past Simple Non-finite Prim. Aux. Non-finite 3rdp. singular To-infinitve 3rdp. sing. Past part. Non-perfective Past Simple, non-continuous,

non-perfective, passive Non-continuous Active

Fns Adverbial Adjunct of Time

S Pred DO Adverbial Adjunct of Time

Adv Adj S Pred


10/17

Cls MC

Finland was further developing its ideal of the common school.

F VFs

Phrs NP VP Adv. Phr. VP NPW cl. Pr. Name (v) Adverb (v) Pos. pron. Noun Prep. Def. art. Adj. Noun

Finite Full verb Primary auxiliary Non-finite 3rdperson singular

Present participle Past simple

Past continuous, active, non-perfective

Fns S Pred. Adv. Adj.degree

Pred. DO


11/17

Cls SC to both MCs) MC1

As Sahlberg acknowledges, Finland has nt abolished competition ;

F VFs

Phrs NP VP NP VP NP

W cl. Subordin.conjunction

Proper noun (v) Proper noun (v) Particle (v) Noun Coordin.

conjunction Finite Finite Non-finite Full verb Prim. Aux. Full verb Present simple 3rd. p. sing. Past participle 3rdp. singular Present perfect, active, non-continuous Active Non-perfective Non-continuous

Fns Adv. adjunct of comparison/degree S Predicator DO


12/17

Cls MC2

it has just moved it to a different part of the system.

F VFs

Phrs NP VP Adv. Ph VP NP Prepositional PhraseW cl. Pers.

pronoun

(v) Adverb (v) Personal

Pronoun

Prep. Indef.

article

Adjective Noun Prep. Definite

Article

Noun

Finite Non-finite Prim. Auxiliary Full verb 3rdp. singular past-participle

Simple perfect, active, non-continuous

Fns S Pred. Adv.adjTime

Pred. DO Adv. Adjunct of Place


13/17

Cls MC

He is an odd, diffident sort of ambassador,

F VFs

Phrs NP VP NP

W cl. Personalpronoun

(v) Indefinite

article

Adjective Adjective Noun Preposition Noun

Copula Finite Non-perfective 3rdp. singular non-continuous present simple Active

Fns S Pred. Complement to the subject

Cls SC1omitted

who/that is spreading the message about the Finnish miracle

F VFs


14/17

Phrs VP NP

W cl. Subord.conjunction

(v) (v) Definite

article

Noun Prep. Definite

article

Adjective Noun

Finite Full verb Prim. Aux. Non-finite 3rdp. sing. Present part.

Present continuous, non-perf., active

Fns Complement to the subject

Predicator Complement to the subject


15/17

Cls SC2omitted

but who/that is not really believing in the data

F VFs

Phrs Rel. Phr. VP Adv. Phr. VP Prepositional phrase

W cl. Coordinatingconjunction

Relative

Pronoun

(v) Particle Adverb (v) Preposition Definite

article

Noun

Finite Full verb Primary auxiliary Non-finite 3rd p. singular Present participle

Present continuous, non-oerfective, active


Pred. Adv.adj. of Degree Pred. Prepositional object

Cls SC3 SC4omitted

that supposedly proves that it works.

F VFs

Phrs Adv. Phrase VP NP VP

W cl. Subord. conjunction Adverb (v) Subord. conjunction Personal pronoun (v) Full verb Finite 3

rdperson singular

Present simple Non-perfective Non-continuous Active


16/17


Prepositional object

S Adv. Adj. degree/manner Pred. DO

S Pred.


17/17

Cls MC SC

His fear now is that Finland s educational success is breeding complacency.

F VFs

Phrs NP AdvPh VP NP VP NP

W cl. Poss. Noun Adv. Adj. (v) Subord. Proper Genit. Adjective Noun (v) (v) nounpron Of time Copula Conj. Name Finite Non-finite

Finite Prim.

Aux.

Full verb Present simple Present

participle 3rdp. singular

3rdp.Sing.

Active Non-perfective Non-coninuous

Fns

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