PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WAR PRE-REVOLUTIONARY WAR SLAVERYSLAVERY

DISCOVERY OF DISCOVERY OF NEW WORLDNEW WORLD

INDIANS FIRSTINDIANS FIRST TRIANGULAR TRIANGULAR

TRADE “MOLASSAS TRADE “MOLASSAS TO RUM TO TO RUM TO SLAVES”SLAVES”

NORTH & SOUTH NORTH & SOUTH IDEAOLOGYIDEAOLOGY

Loose Pack v Tight PackLoose Pack v Tight Pack

ALL MEN ARE CREATED ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL?EQUAL?

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCEDECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE MORAL DILEMMAMORAL DILEMMA CHANCE TO SOLVE THE ISSUE ONCE CHANCE TO SOLVE THE ISSUE ONCE

AND FOR ALLAND FOR ALL

3/5ths COMPROMISE3/5ths COMPROMISE

CONSTITUTIONCONSTITUTION PROPERTYPROPERTY

COTTON GINCOTTON GIN

ELI WHITNEY ELI WHITNEY AND MASS AND MASS PRODUCTONPRODUCTON

SEPERATE SEEDSSEPERATE SEEDS INCREASE OF INCREASE OF

COTTON COTTON PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION

NEGATIVE NEGATIVE EFFECTSEFFECTS

EXPLOSION OF GROWTHEXPLOSION OF GROWTH

Cotton Production

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860

Year

Thou

sand

s of

Bal

es o

f Cot

ton

EXPLOSION OF GROWTHEXPLOSION OF GROWTHGrowth of Slavery

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860

Year

Th

ou

san

ds

of

Sla

ves

SLAVE REBELLIONSSLAVE REBELLIONS

GABRIEL PROSSER GABRIEL PROSSER (1800)(1800)

DENMARK VESSEY DENMARK VESSEY (1821-1822)(1821-1822)

NAT TURNER NAT TURNER (1831)(1831)

TOUGHER SLAVE TOUGHER SLAVE LAWSLAWS

Thomas JeffersonThomas Jefferson

““In the gloomiest moment of the In the gloomiest moment of the revolutionary war, I never had any revolutionary war, I never had any (fears) equal to what I feel from (fears) equal to what I feel from this source... Every new irritation this source... Every new irritation will make it deeper and deeper... will make it deeper and deeper... We have a wolf by the ears, and We have a wolf by the ears, and we can neither hold him nor we can neither hold him nor safely let him go.” 1820safely let him go.” 1820

MISSOURI COMPROMISE MISSOURI COMPROMISE (1821)(1821)

DESIRE FOR DESIRE FOR STATEHOOD 1819STATEHOOD 1819

TALLMADGE TALLMADGE AMENDMENTAMENDMENT

BALANCE OF BALANCE OF POWERPOWER

MAINE APPLIESMAINE APPLIES

HENRY CLAYHENRY CLAY EXPANSION OF EXPANSION OF

SLAVERY?SLAVERY? COMPROMISECOMPROMISE 36* 30’36* 30’ WHO BENEFITTED?WHO BENEFITTED? PREDICT THE PREDICT THE

FUTUREFUTURE

TEXAS / MEXICAN WARTEXAS / MEXICAN WAR

EXPANSIONEXPANSION ALAMOALAMO WAR WITH MEXICOWAR WITH MEXICO ““CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE” CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE” GROWTH OF SLAVERY?GROWTH OF SLAVERY? LAND WON OR STOLEN?LAND WON OR STOLEN? GADSDEN PURCHASE OF 1853GADSDEN PURCHASE OF 1853

COMPROMISE OF 1850COMPROMISE OF 1850

MANIFEST DESTINEYMANIFEST DESTINEY CALIFORNIA 1849 AND STATEHOODCALIFORNIA 1849 AND STATEHOOD MISSOURI COMPROMISEMISSOURI COMPROMISE POPULAR SOVEREIGNTYPOPULAR SOVEREIGNTY HENRY CLAYHENRY CLAY FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW OF 1850FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW OF 1850 NORTH AND SOUTH HAPPY???NORTH AND SOUTH HAPPY???

ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENTABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT

AGAINIST SLAVERYAGAINIST SLAVERY WILLIAM LLOYD WILLIAM LLOYD

GARRISON THE GARRISON THE LIBERATOR, and THE LIBERATOR, and THE ANTI-SLAVERY ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETYSOCIETY

FREDRICK FREDRICK DOUGLASSDOUGLASS

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND RAILROADRAILROAD

UNCLE TOM’S CABINUNCLE TOM’S CABIN HARRIOTT TUBMANHARRIOTT TUBMAN SOJOURNER TRUTHSOJOURNER TRUTH

Slave Whipping and AbuseSlave Whipping and Abuse

KANSAS AND NEBRASKA KANSAS AND NEBRASKA ACT OF 1854ACT OF 1854

TERRITORIESTERRITORIES RAILROADS!!RAILROADS!! SLAVERY?? YES OR SLAVERY?? YES OR

NO?NO? MISSOURI MISSOURI

COMPROMISECOMPROMISE STEPHEN DOUGLASSTEPHEN DOUGLAS

POPULAR POPULAR SOVEREIGNTYSOVEREIGNTY

OTHER MOTIVES?OTHER MOTIVES?

DRED SCOTTDRED SCOTT

SLAVESLAVE LIVED IN FREE LIVED IN FREE

TERRITORIESTERRITORIES SOLD TO AN SOLD TO AN

ABOLITIONISTABOLITIONIST SUES FOR SUES FOR

FREEDOMFREEDOM SUPREME COURTSUPREME COURT FREEDOM DENIEDFREEDOM DENIED

Dred ScottDred Scott

Roger B. Taney-Chief Justice of U.S. Roger B. Taney-Chief Justice of U.S. Supreme CourtSupreme Court

Slaves are propertySlaves are property A slave owner can take his A slave owner can take his

“property” anywhere he goes.“property” anywhere he goes. Violation of 4Violation of 4thth Amendment Rights Amendment Rights Missouri Compromise Missouri Compromise

Unconstitutional!Unconstitutional!

JOHN BROWNJOHN BROWN

WHO IS JOHN WHO IS JOHN BROWN?BROWN?

BLEEDING KANSASBLEEDING KANSAS POTOWATAMIE POTOWATAMIE

CREEKCREEK HARPERS FERRY HARPERS FERRY CAPTURE & TRIALCAPTURE & TRIAL REPERCUSSIONSREPERCUSSIONS

Lincoln/Douglas DebatesLincoln/Douglas Debates

Illinois Senate SeatIllinois Senate Seat Douglas wants to run Douglas wants to run

for President 1860for President 1860 Series of DebatesSeries of Debates Lincoln starts slow Lincoln starts slow

but gains strengthbut gains strength Douglas wins Douglas wins

election, but Lincoln election, but Lincoln gains national gains national recognitionrecognition

Abraham Lincoln 1858Abraham Lincoln 1858

““In my opinion, it will not cease until In my opinion, it will not cease until a crisis shall have been reached and a crisis shall have been reached and passed. A house divided against itself passed. A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free. permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the house to fail—but I do not expect the house to fail—but I do expect it will cease to be I do expect it will cease to be divided”divided”

Election of 1860Election of 1860

Election 1860Election 1860

Abraham Lincoln---RepublicanAbraham Lincoln---RepublicanStephen Douglas---Northern DemocratStephen Douglas---Northern Democrat John C. Breckinridge-Southern John C. Breckinridge-Southern

DemocratDemocrat John Bell—Constitutional Union PartyJohn Bell—Constitutional Union Party

Democrats and Bell split their support Democrats and Bell split their support allowing Lincoln to win! Did not win a allowing Lincoln to win! Did not win a single southern state!single southern state!

The South Secedes

• President Buchanan does little to stop the movement

• Dec. 20, 1860 South Carolina leads the way followed by MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX.

• Form the Confederate States of America

States RightsStates Rights

Slavery is “our” way of lifeSlavery is “our” way of lifeWe have a “right” to determine what is We have a “right” to determine what is

best for our statebest for our stateWe don’t interfere with what you do in the We don’t interfere with what you do in the

“North”, so don’t interfere with us in the “North”, so don’t interfere with us in the SouthSouth

States Rights is the real issue, but slavery States Rights is the real issue, but slavery will be the driving mechanism of this will be the driving mechanism of this conflict known as the U.S. Civil Warconflict known as the U.S. Civil War

SourcesSources

Isabelle Aguet, A Pictorial History of the Isabelle Aguet, A Pictorial History of the Slave Trade (Geneva, Editions Minerva, Slave Trade (Geneva, Editions Minerva, 1971), plate 64, p.71; original source not 1971), plate 64, p.71; original source not identified identified

Published in Anthony Tibbles (ed.), Published in Anthony Tibbles (ed.), Transatlantic Slavery: Against Human Transatlantic Slavery: Against Human Dignity (London: HMSO, 1994), p. 154, fig. Dignity (London: HMSO, 1994), p. 154, fig. 140. 140.

SourcesSources

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