Gyroscope - NHQ

8/14/2019 Gyroscope - NHQ

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Cm bin con quay hichuyn (Gyroscope)Nguyn Hng QunLp VP04CT


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Gyroscope l g

Gyroscope l mt thit bdng o hoc duy tr snh hng


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C th gp Gyroscope u?

Hng khng: Inertial guidance system (Xemthm:http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Inertial_guidance_sy

) My t ng: Cm bin vn tc gc(Xem thm:

http://auto.howstuffworks.com/28000-traction-control-explained.)

Gii tr / tiu dng:Cm bin hin thc o(http://archives.sensorsmag.com/articles/0802/14/main.shtml ),pointing device

T ng ho trong cng nghip: iu khin

chuyn ng, robotics
http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Inertial_guidance_systemhttp://auto.howstuffworks.com/28000-traction-control-explained.htmhttp://archives.sensorsmag.com/articles/0802/14/main.shtmlhttp://auto.howstuffworks.com/28000-traction-control-explained.htmhttp://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/Inertial_guidance_system


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Nguyn l hot ng

Cu to n gin gm bnh (aqun tnh) quay vi tc cao gn

lng ln khung . Khi khung ngoi quay,

n tc ng momentngoi lc vo a, lma chu thm chuynng quay theophng vung gcvi phng quay cakhung (tu sai)


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Nguyn l hot ng

Khi a xoay vi vn tc rt cao, s chuynhng theo moment ngoi lc c gim

thiu (do hu ht b chuyn sang phngvung gc) gip gyroscope hu nh duy trc nghing ca n.

Hin tng m s quay theo trc ny c

chuyn thnh s quay theo trc kia cdng gim st nghing (trong mybay)


7/26Nguyn l hot ng


8/26Cm bin Gyroscope

Cng nh gyroscope, cm bin gyroscopecng li dng hin tng mt vt ang xoay

trn bin chuyn ng theo mt phngthnh chuyn ng theo phng khc vunggc.

Cc loi cm bin Gyroscope:

Spinning Mass Gyro (loi Gyroscope ni trn) Vibrating Gyroscope (MEMS Gyroscope) Optical Gyroscope


9/26Vibrating Gyroscope

Cm bin MEMS gyroscope: o vn tc xoayca vt, vi chuyn ng input v output l

chuyn ng tnh tin (thng l dao ng) Cm bin MEMS gyroscope da trn hiung Coriolis.


10/26Hiu ng Coriolis

Hiu ng Coriolis l hiu ng xyra trong cc h qui chiu quay so

vi cc h quy chiu qun tnh. Nc th hin qua hin tng lchqu o ca nhng vt chuynng trong h qui chiu ny.


11/26Hiu ng Coriolis

S lch qu o do mt loi lc qun tnhgy ra, gi l lc Coriolis. Lc Coriolis c

xc nh bng cng thc sau:Vn tc ca vtVn tc xoay


12/26Cu to chung

Cc cm bin gyroscopes dng mt khi proof

mass dao ng theo mtphng c gi lphng s cp.

Khi ny ng thib quay quanh mt trc,lm xut hin lc Corioliskhin n c thm dao ng theophng khc, gi l phng thcp.



Trn phng chuyn ng th cp ny cgn bn cc t in nhn bit s thay i

in dung gy bi chuyn ng ny, v t l vn tc xoay.



o chuyn ng th cp:


15/26MEMS Vibrating Gyroscope


16/26Vibrating Ring Gyroscope


17/26Vibrating Ring Gyroscope


18/26Vibrating Bar Gyroscope


19/26Laser gyroscope

Laser gyroscope s dng s giao thoa nhsng laser bn trong mt vnh quang hc nhn bit thay i v phng hng v sxoay, ng dng hiu ng Sagnac.

H thng gm 2 tia laser c pht t cngmt ngun, i ngc chiu nhau theo mt

ng ng dn khp kn (nh cc gnghay si quang), trn mt nn xoay. Trnng tr v ngun pht, chng c chothot ra khi thit b theo cch sao cho c

th to ra giao thoa.



Khi nn xoay, v tr ngun pht cng nh vtr ch n thay i trong sut thi giantruyn ca laser, do , mt tia s c hnhtrnh ngn i cn tia kia phi i di hn, ktqu l h giao thoa b dch chuyn t dch chuyn ca h giao thoa c th suyc vn tc xoay ca nn.

A enclosed areaP perimeter (beam path length) optical wavelength

n normal vector to A rotation vector



u im: Khng c b phn chuyn ng Khng c

ma st Chnh xc hn cm bin c kh. Nh gn, vng chc. Khng c xu hng chng li s thay i v

hng nh cm bin c kh. Nhc im:

B hiu ng lock-in vn tc xoay nh,mt i tnh chnh xc. Khc phc: to rungng tn s cao (dither, mt dng nhiu,dng lm ngu nhin nhng sai s lngt, c dng nhiu trong x l tn hiu s)


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Gyroscope - NHQ