Hazardous Waste

Hazardous WasteHazardous WasteSmall quantity generatorSmall quantity generator

An overview of RCRA and UNI standards

University of Northern Iowa EH&S Training Program

Training Requirements:Training Requirements:

Initial Training– Anyone who has not been previously

authorized to work with hazardous waste at the University of Northern Iowa.

Annual Refresher Training– Required every 12 months for authorized

generators of hazardous waste.

Topics to be covered:Topics to be covered:

Laws Identifying hazardous waste Use and management of containers Packaging and labeling Storage Satellite Accumulation Area Requirements Waste Reduction Methods

Hazardous waste is regulated by:Hazardous waste is regulated by:

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Authority responsible for regulating all

aspects of hazardous wasteDepartment of Transportation (DOT)

Regulation of hazardous waste transportationDepartment of Homeland Security (DHS)

Regulation of chemicals that represent a security threat.

Hazardous Waste Law: RCRAHazardous Waste Law: RCRA

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act National law for governing the disposal of solid and

hazardous waste. Under RCRA the Environmental Protection Agency is

given primary responsibility in promulgating detailed regulations in governing the generation, transport, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous waste.

Affects companies and institutions involved in the generation of hazardous waste.


Cradle to grave status Hazardous waste is regulated from the moment

it is created through the time of final disposal. Generator is forever responsible for their waste.


Legal actions will be taken against the individual or group who did not follow EPA regulations and guidelines.

Citations and fines will be awarded if the EPA finds any misuse.


Small Quantity Generator Status Hazardous waste is generated at a rate of 100-1,000 kg/calendar

month or less than 1 kg/calendar month of acutely hazardous waste on a regular or intermittent basis.

Quantity of waste accumulated on-site may never exceed 6000 kilograms (13,200 lbs.)

Up to 6,000 kilograms may be stored on-site for 180 days or 270 days if located 200 miles or more from TSDF (Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility.)

If waste accumulates in quantities exceeding 6,000 kilograms or stored for more than 270 days, the generator is classified as an operator of a storage facility subject to TSDF hazardous waste permit requirements unless granted an extension by the EPA.

What is hazardous waste:What is hazardous waste:

These can be in a form of a solid, liquid, contained gas or sludges.

Properties of these products contain harmful components that are too dangerous to be sent to the landfill, dumped into the sewer system or released into the atmosphere.

Improper release of hazardous waste may seriously threaten the environment and human health.

Campus Generators of Campus Generators of Hazardous WasteHazardous Waste

Preservation of SpecimensEducational and Research LabsEquipment RepairBuilding Cleaning and MaintenanceMotor TransportationUsers of Pesticides and HerbicidesOffice/Printing Maintenance and Use

Food Service

Identified Characteristics of Hazardous Materials:

Products with the Products with the words DANGER, words DANGER, WARNING, or WARNING, or

CAUTION CAUTION on the product on the product

labellabel

Identification of Hazardous WasteIdentification of Hazardous WasteCommon SymbolsCommon Symbols

Flammable

Environmental Hazard

Poison or toxic

Corrosive

Oxidizer Explosive

Identification of Hazardous Waste Identification of Hazardous Waste Common Terms:Common Terms:

Causes severe burns on contact Combustible Explosive Flashpoints less than 140°F Oxidizer Poison Pyrophoric

Identification of Hazardous WasteIdentification of Hazardous WasteHazard characteristicsHazard characteristics Ignitability (EPA #D001)

flammable under certain conditions Corrosivity (EPA #D002)

corrodes metals high/low pH

Reactivity (EPA #D003) explodes or has violent reactions

Toxicity (EPA #D004-D043) harmful or fatal

Identification of Hazardous Waste Identification of Hazardous Waste Ignitable Waste:Ignitable Waste: Flashpoint less than 60 ° C or 140° F Solid capable of igniting by friction, moisture

absorption or spontaneous chemical changes and burns so it creates a hazard.

Ignitable compressed gas Oxidizer

Examples of ignitable waste:• aluminum powder, petroleum based solvents,

kerosene, gasoline, paints, degreasers

Identification of Hazardous WasteIdentification of Hazardous Waste Corrosive Waste:Corrosive Waste:

Waste that can corrode steel or destroy other substances.

pH of waste is more than 4 and less than 10.

Examples of corrosive waste:• Caustic or acidic cleaning solutions, laboratory chemicals, rust

removers, drain cleaners, battery acids, and water treatment chemical

Identification of Hazardous WasteIdentification of Hazardous Waste Reactive Hazardous Waste:Reactive Hazardous Waste: Capable of detonating if heated. Capable of detonating at standard temperature and pressure. Reacts violently with water. Forms explosive mixtures with air or water. Is a cyanide or sulfide bearing compound that have the potential to

form toxic gases, vapors or fumes between a pH of 2 and 12.5. Generates toxic gases, vapors, or fumes when mixed with water.

Reactive Waste includes:• Bleach, dry picric acid, peroxidizable compounds, and alkaline

metals such as sodium or potassium

Identification of Hazardous Waste Identification of Hazardous Waste Toxic Hazardous Waste:Toxic Hazardous Waste:

Waste that exhibits the characteristic of toxicity if using the Toxic Characteristic Leachate Procedure (EPA test method 1311).

Is listed as a toxic substance in the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) .

Manufacturer’s bottle has the word ‘toxic’ written on it or has the toxic symbol (skull and crossbones).

Examples:– Pesticides and cleaners– Any one of the D listed wastes (D003-D043)

Identification of Hazardous Waste Identification of Hazardous Waste Listed Hazardous WastesListed Hazardous Wastes

F Listed Wastes– Wastes from non-specific sources– Solvents from cleaning and degreasing

operations– Wastewater Treatment

K Listed Wastes– Created from specific sources– Chemical or pesticide manufacturing

Identification of Hazardous Waste Identification of Hazardous Waste Listed Hazardous WastesListed Hazardous Wastes

P Listed Wastes– Acutely hazardous discarded commercial chemical products– Arsenic Trioxide (gopher bait) and warfarin (rat poison)

U Listed Wastes– Less hazardous discarded commercial chemical products

Lists can be found on the EPA website athttp://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/index.htm#hazwaste

Other types of hazardous waste Other types of hazardous waste found at UNI:found at UNI: Mercury thermometers,

thermostats and barometers

Photographic chemicals and film

Lighter fluid

Used oil

Ceramic glazes with heavy metals

Rags and paper towels used for cleanup of oils and paints

Fertilizers

Herbicides and pesticides

Turpentine

Gas cylinders

Nanomaterials

Antifreeze

If unsure whether the waste If unsure whether the waste created is hazardous:created is hazardous: Consult your supervisor. Consult with EPA Waste lists. Refer to the products Material Safety Data Sheet.

Emergency overview Toxicological Data Firefighting measures Regulatory Information

Contact the UNI Environmental Health and Safety Office

Management of Hazardous Waste

Use compatible containers for waste– Flammable liquids – original manufacturers or UL

listed containers– Concentrated acids or bases-Original containers, or 2.5

Liter ‘acid’ safety bottles– Solid waste – Plastic high density polyethylene bottles– Aqueous waste-glass bottles or HDPE plastic bottles– Milk jugs, soda bottles and food containers

unacceptable.

Management of Hazardous Management of Hazardous WasteWaste Management of Containers

In good condition and not leaking. Container caps must be closed. Incompatible wastes must not be placed in same

container or stored in close proximity. All containers must be handled to prevent failure. Only fill containers as prescribed in the Hazardous

Waste Management Manual. Funnels are not appropriate lids and should not be left

in a container while not in use.

Management of Hazardous Waste Mixing Hazardous Waste

– Mix by compatibility-label with Mixed Hazardous Waste Container label.

– Solvents should be separated where possible as halogenated (chloroform and methylene chloride) and nonhalogenated waste (propanol, methanol, and toluene).

– Halogenated and nonhalogenated organic compounds should be separated where possible.

– Inorganic wastes containing barium, lead and cadmium may be mixed together.

Nonhazardous Wastes

– Not considered hazardous by the EPA– Restricted from disposal by Cedar Falls

Department of Public Works– Compounds containing zinc, nickel or copper

Container Labeling

Containers that are improperly labeled or do not have a label will not be collected.

The following labels are appropriate waste labels at the University of Northern Iowa:

Container Labeling

Hazardous Waste ContainerName of Product Manufacturer’s Name___________________

University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls IA 50614EPA #984568584

Generator Information (Print)Name:_Generator name (if known)______________________

Department:_Department where waste generated____________Campus Address:_4 digit departmental mailing code____________

Phone:__319-273-_Generator phone number_______Box no.Container #of_Total # of same type of waste

Department accumulation start date:Date accumulation beginsHW storage facility start date:_Office use only

Container Labeling

Mixed Hazardous Waste ContainerUniversity of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls IA 50614

EPA #984568584Name_Name of generator (if known)__________________ Campus address 4 digit departmental mailing codeDept_Department where waste is generated______________________________Phone Generator phone # Box Container # of Total # of similar waste List #_Office use onlyAccumulation Start Date_Date begin accumulating waste in container HW facility start date_ Office use_only ________________________________________________________________________________________Chemical Name % of volumeProper Manufacturer’ name_ _% of waste___ Waste Hazards:_Additional___No abbreviations or chemical_ _total________ _waste hazards______ allowed__________________ _____________ Comments_______________________________________ _____________ __________________ ________________________ _____________ Waste Type: Inorganic, Nonhalogenated, ________________________ _____________ Halogenated, Corrosive , Flammable, Reactive, Toxic________________________ _____________ Other, (Circle one)

Container Labeling

Non-Hazardous Waste ContainerName of ProductManufacturer’s Name______________________

University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls IA 50614EPA #984568584

Generator Information (Print)Name:_ Generator name (if known)____

Department:_ Department where waste generated____________Campus Address:_ 4 digit departmental mailing code___________

Phone:__319-273- Generator phone number Box no. Container #of_ Total # of same type of waste

Department accumulation start date: Date accumulation beginsHW storage facility start date:_ Office use only

Segregation of MaterialsSegregation of Materials

Separate by hazards– flammable– toxic– corrosive– reactive

Separate by distance and containment. This segregation applies

to good and unwanted hazardous materials

Hazardous Waste Satellite Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area:Accumulation Area: Defined as a storage area near the point of generation and under the

control of the operator of the process generating the waste. Up to 55 gallons may be accumulated at one generation point.

When more is accumulated or when a request is made to have waste transferred to SB-1 (permanent campus waste storage facility), it must be moved within 3 days.

Storage containers must be appropriately labeled with ‘Hazardous Waste Labels.’

The Rules and Responsibilities must be posted for each Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area.

Hazardous Waste SatelliteAccumulation Area: Rules and Responsibilities Generator Responsibility

– Generator makes hazardous waste determinations.– Provides MSDS sheets for every type of waste

generated.– Provides shipping containers.

Accumulation containers– Waste is accumulated in proper containers.– Container is properly closed.– Accumulation containers are allowed adequate head

space.

Hazardous Waste SatelliteAccumulation Area: Rules and Responsibilities Container labeling

– Containers labeled with approved labels.– Hazardous materials/constituents of containers are

identified.– Write date when accumulation begins.– If possible transfer full containers to the permanent

waste storage facility.– Ensure waste from discontinued projects, experiments,

cleanouts and storage areas transferred to the permanent waste storage facility.

Hazardous Waste Satellite Accumulation Area: Rules and Responsibilities Satellite Accumulation Area Requirements

– Readily available spill kits– Area should be at or near area of generation.– Liquid waste should be in secondary

containment. Generator control

– If more than one generator shares the same satellite area, each generator is responsible for their waste.

Preparation for Transport

Compressed cylinders transported with valve caps on. Lecture bottles packed in shipping box with peanuts.

Pack bottles 2.5 liters or larger in original shipping container or in flip top shipping container.

Containers of 1 liter or less will be packed in flip top shipping containers.

Pump and hydraulic oil should be placed in original container or in 5 gallon safety can.

MSDS sheets must accompany waste. Email workorder to [email protected] to have

waste picked up.

Reduction of Hazardous WasteLegal Treatment Methods

– Consolidation of heavy metals in accumulation containers.

– Neutralization of acids and bases. Does not include toxic acids such as hydrofluoric, perfluoric or chromic acids.

– Where it is written into the experimental procedure.

Reduction of Hazardous WasteReduction of Hazardous WasteWaste Minimization Methods:Waste Minimization Methods: Maintain a proper inventory of chemicals.

Order on an “as needed” basis.

Never order in bulk unless it will be used in less than 1 years time.

Substitute hazardous chemicals with non-hazardous ones.

Whenever possible do not mix non-hazardous wastes with hazardous wastes.

Use non-mercury containing equipment.

Reduction of Hazardous WasteRecycling and Reuse

Fluorescent bulbs LCD projection labs Rechargeable batteries Certain types of photographic film PCB Light ballasts Oil and Paint Rags

Special disposal

Sharps, needles, and syringes– Building services provides containers for

collection of all sharps and collects them when they are full.

Laboratory glassware– Glassware (including chemical containers)

should be placed in a puncture resistant box prior to disposal in the dumpster.

Environmental Health and Safety

– Dean Shoars- UNI Safety Officer 27(3)-3189– Wendel Reece-UNI Safety Manager 27(3)-7269– Jason Kayser-Fire andSafety Specialist 27(3)-2004– Gordon Krueger-Environmental Safety

Specialist / RSO 27(3)-3445

Questions?

Documents

Hazardous Waste