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Open University Malaysia Institute of Professional Development Industrial Executive Diploma in OSH OSH Management System Lecturer: Mr Ismandi Bin Junaidi Matrix No: IC No: 880412-5529 Centre: Kota Kinabalu Intake: 5

HIRARC - Changing a Flat Tire

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Page 1: HIRARC - Changing a Flat Tire

Open University Malaysia

Institute of Professional Development

Industrial Executive Diploma in OSH

OSH Management System

Lecturer: Mr Ismandi Bin Junaidi

Matrix No:

IC No: 880412-5529

Centre: Kota Kinabalu

Intake: 5

Page 2: HIRARC - Changing a Flat Tire

1 ABSTRACT

This report is prepared for the coursework/assignment on OSH Management

System. I choose to discuss the main components of HIRARC, and develop HIRARC on

changing a flat tire task. Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control, HIRARC

has become extremely important in helping to ensure safety of the workplace or activities in

daily life. This assignment illustrates HIRARC implementation for changing a flat tire. There

are some activities done in identifying the hazard before analyse the risk using various

resource. The impact of this project is to inflict awareness on the danger or hazard exist in

the while changing a flat tire and the importance of practising safe work procedure in order to

prevent the hazard from being realized. This assessment should be done periodically

according to needs and not to be treated as a one-off exercise.

The objective of this report is to write up on the methodology for identifying the

hazards during changing a flat tire operation, assess and evaluate whether safety and health

risks are tolerable or not and to suggest the right practicable control measures that can be

applied for everyone when encounter this situation.

At the later part of this report, the critical hazard will be discussed in details.

Page 3: HIRARC - Changing a Flat Tire

2 INTRODUCTION

With the development of science and technology, the cars have already become the

important component in our daily life gradually. Cars make our life convenient and swift.

Some people claim that the disadvantages of car are more than the advantages. I doubt

whether the argument can bear much analysis. Since one century ago, the auto industry has

developed at full speed worldwide, and has brought the enormous progresses to our life. For

example the car is the most convenient tool of transportation. We can be on and off duty by

car every day, we can go to travel by car on the vacation, we can utilize the cars to deal with

some emergency too. The car plays an important role in our daily life. They make our rhythm

of life faster and faster, make our business become more and more efficient. Cars basically

made of components such as the engine, cooling system, charging system, ignition system,

brakes, wheel alignment, dashboard gauges, air conditioner, electrical systems, fuel system,

battery, starting system, etc.

Tire plays an important role as any other components we can find on cars. There’s a

lot tire manufacturers worldwide such as Michelin, Bridgestone, Goodyear, and Dunlop to

name a few. Actually, a tire is an advanced engineering product made of a lot more than a

rubber. Fibre, textile, and steel cord are just some of the components that go into the tire’s

inner liner, body plies, bead assembly, belts, sidewalls and tread.

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Millions of Malaysian hit the roads every day, drive to work or school, travelling to

vacation spots and visiting family and friends. Increased traffic on the road, coupled with

conditions like construction and excessive heat, leads to higher numbers of vehicle

accidents, injuries, and fatalities. One of leading causes of these traffic accidents is tire

failure. Following are the main causes of a flat tire or tire blowout:

• Puncture from sharp objects

• Failure or damage to the valve system

• Separation of the tire rubber from the rim due to collision with another object

• Excessive wear of the tire tread, which can cause tire explosions

• Improper tire pressure combined with extreme heat

• Manufacturer defects

A flat tire can cause a driver to lose control of the vehicle, possibly causing a

catastrophic accident. Changing a tire on the side of the road can be just as dangerous. This

is the topic which I will discuss on the other page.

Page 5: HIRARC - Changing a Flat Tire

3 OBJECTIVE

The main objective for this assignment is to develop a HIRARC based on tasks that

were optional. I choose to develop a HIRARC for ‘Changing Flat Tire’. I am thankful to this

module lecturer, Mr. Ismandi Bin Junaidi for his willingness to help me in understanding the

different phases of HIRARC. Not forgetting my classmates, IEDOSH Batch 5 for their

cooperation in exchanging valuable information.

Page 6: HIRARC - Changing a Flat Tire

4 METHODOLOGY

HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION

For a start, in order to identify hazard, I must have a clear definition of what is

hazard. Hazard is a source or situation with a potential harm for human (injury or ill-health),

damage to property, damage to environment or any combination of these. Before risk

assessment can be made, I need to have a clear understanding or knowledge of the work

carried out and also situation. In order to find the nature of hazards, I looked into these 5

contributors which could be the source.

Man = Human behaviour, Unsafe acts, e.g. horseplay

Machinery = Installation, layout and design of equipment

Materials = Substances e.g. Cement dust, chemicals

Methods = Ways people carry out their work

Media = Workplace condition e.g. noise

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RISK ASSESMENT/ EVALUATION

Risk is the chance of probability of harm actually being done. In the risk assessment

and evaluation process, there are two factors that determine the final outcome which are

likelihood and severity. The formula of rating the risk as follow:-

RISK = SEVERITY x LIKELIHOOD

Likelihood is the frequency or how likely is the hazardous event/ situation will occur.

Whereas, severity is the degree of injury, damage to property or environment. The most

common question is what might be the severity of a hazardous event or situation?

Numbers are given to show the quantity of each likelihood and severity. Risk index or

the level of risk can be obtained through multiplication of the number of likelihood and also

the number of severity. (Refer table A, B, C, D)

Table A (Severity Rating)

Severity Rating Consequences

1 First aid / near injuries

2 Minor injuries(Less than or 4 days MC)

3 Major Injuries(More than 4 days MC)

4 Fatality

Table B (Likelihood Rating)

Likelihood Rating Likelihood of Occurring

1 Once in a year

2 Once in 6 months

3 Once a month

4 Once a week

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Table C (Risk Rating)

Risk Rating Level of Risk Action to Control

11-16 High •Notify management immediately

•Implement effective interim control prior to long term control

16-10 Moderate •Communicate hazard to affected workers

•Implement long term control measures

1-5 Low •Follow the Safe Operating Procedure (SOP)

Table D (Risk Matrix Table)

LIKELIHOODSEVERITY

1 2 3 4

1 1 2 3 4

2 2 4 6 8

3 3 6 9 12

4 4 8 12 16

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