The basic material of construction in the evapora-tive cooling industry is mill galvanized steel with G-235 designation. However, stainless steel is an alternate material that can provide superior corrosion protection. There are three grades of stainless steel readily available to Cooling Tower and Closed Circuit Cooler consumers, all of which

fall under the generic title of “Series 300”: Type 301, 304 and 316 Stainless Steel. Stainless steel “L” types, such as 316L, represent an extra-low carbon composition to minimize carbon precipitation during extreme heat. Structural stainless steel components that are welded should be manufactured with “L” material. Each stainless steel type is unique in composition and provides different levels of corrosion and pitting protection. See Table 1 below.

The HVAC and Industrial markets utilize Cooling Towers and Closed Circuit Coolers as an energy efficient means of rejecting system heat to the atmosphere. Longevity of this capital equip-ment can be attributed to proper water treatment, routine main-tenance and the highest grades of construction material-stainless steel. Caution: not all stainless steel is created equal!

Type 304/304L and Type 316L Stainless Steel are upgrades to G-235 Galvanized Steel due to their superior corrosion resistance and versatility in harsh environments, including high levels of chloride.

Steel becomes “stainless” when it contains a minimum of 12% chro-mium. Oxygen in the air combines with the chromium to form a renewable passive chromium oxide layer. Other elements, such

as nickel and molybdenum, provide increased protection against corrosion as their percent composition increases.

Molybdenum (element MO), which is only found in Type 316L stainless steel, enhances the overall rust resis-tance and provides the added benefit of chloride pitting protection. Cooling towers constructed of Type 316L Stainless Steel are well suited for high chlorides (>500 ppm), coastal environments, and water with high cycles of concentration, to name a few.

See Table 2 below for recommended water quality guidelines of common recirculated water properties, among the three EVAPCO material offerings.

“Series 300” Stainless Steel is not descriptive of a specific composi-tion, but rather describes a vague range of potential materials. Ask questions if presented with “Series 300” Stainless Steel construc-tion. Specify high quality Type 304 Stainless Steel or the highest quality Type 316 Stainless Steel.

For more information on EVAPCO products contact your local Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. representative in the Carolinas, or Rob-ert W. Hayes Company at 804-323-7890 in Virginia. In Eastern Tennessee, contact Bill Lakenan at ARC at 865-584-3044.

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Training Opportunities

Price Mock-ups

LennoxEnergence® Rooftop Units

Greensboro has Daikin

ABB Building Information

Modeling

Make Your Building Smarter

We have seen a major technology shift in the consumer marketplace with the introduction of modern smart phones, tablets and, more specifically, “apps”. What we have found is that a col-lection of apps that target our specific needs is far better than a single large generic program. How does this impact the building controls industry? With a BACnet open protocol infrastruc-ture you can now utilize this same approach with the technologies that power your buildings. Instead of using generic controllers, there are a host of specific apps that can be used to make the building more efficient, easier to operate and altogether smarter.

Over the past several issues we have shown you the power and flexibility of ABB variable fre-quency drives, efficient and easy to use lighting solutions from nLight, the Alerton Dashboard for visualizing critical data and chiller plant optimization from Armstrong that utilizes the Hartman Loop to create the lowest kw per ton possible. Instead of thinking about these components as separate entities, start thinking of them as components or apps in your building’s operating system. Take these “best of breed” products and weave them together using the same Native BACnet framework that powers the Alerton Energy Management System and create a truly smart “Building Operating System”.

The future is in an “app” approach and the Native BACnet open systems framework that enables it. Contact Hoffman Building Technologies to find out how we can create a plan to meet your specific challenges.

How can you make your building smarter? We have an app for that!

What is “Series 300” Stainless Steel?

Stainless Steel Element Composition

Type Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Carbon (max)

301 16-18 6-8% 0% 0.15%301L 16-18% 6-8% 0% 0.03%304 18-20% 8-12% 0% 0.15%304L 18-20% 8-12% 0% 0.03%316L1 16-18% 10-14% 2-3% 0.03%

Note: Composition referenced from AKSteel.com1In North America, only Type 316L is readily available

Recommended Water Chemistry Guidelines

Property G-235 Type 304 Type 316 Galvanized Steel Stainless Steel Stainless Steel

pH 7.0-8.8 6.0-9.5 6.0-9.5Chloride as Cl (ppm) <300 <500 <2000Alkalinity as CaCO3 75-400 <600 <600(ppm)

Note: Please refer to EVAPCO’s Operation and Maintenance Instructions for a complete chemistry guideline.

In an effort to go paperless, Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. will begin offering these newsletters electronically. If you would prefer an electronic newsletter,please email info@hoffman-hoffman.com with your name and type Newsletter in the subject line.

In an effort to go paperless, Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. will begin offering these newsletters electronically. If you would prefer an electronic newsletter, please email info@hoffman-hoffman.com with your name and type Newsletter in the subject line.

Greensboro Now Stocking Daikin AC Equipment!

McQuay Training

Once you have made the investment in efficient, flexible HVAC equipment, taking care of your in-vestment should be a top priority. McQuay International offers the following training classes to learn first-hand, from the manufacturer, what it takes to get the most out of your new mechanical systems. McQuay International has been approved as an Authorized Provider by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training (IACET). Go to www.mcquay/training.com for more details.

Date Class Location

November 27-29, 2012 Magnitude WME Magnetic Staunton, VA Bearing Chiller Maintenance and OperationDecember 3-14, 2012 Centrifugal Theory and Repair Staunton, VA

2012 Training Opportunities

Professional Development Seminars

Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. is an approved sponsor of continuing professional competency activities for professional engineers and registered land surveyors for the State of North Carolina. Upon course completion, each participant may receive professional development hours (PDH).

Upcoming Professional Development Seminars include:

Featured Manufacturer: ABB Greenheck Fan November 27, 2012 Richmond, VA February 19, 2013 Chesapeake, VANovember 28, 2012 Greensboro, NC February 20, 2013 Raleigh, NCNovember 29, 2012 Raleigh, NC February 21, 2013 Charlotte, NC

*Dates and locations are subject to change. Please contact your Hoffman & Hoffman salesperson for more details.

Price Industries Training

Price Engineering Training is a four-day program for designers, engineers and architects. It provides a hands-on learning experience in North America’s most advanced air distribution training facili-ties. Continuing education credits are available.

Price Technical Center (Atlanta) Price Technical Center West (Phoenix)December 4-7, 2012 October 23-26, 2012

Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. is pleased to announce we now stock Daikin AC equipment in our Greensboro, NC warehouse. Hoff-man & Hoffman, Inc. has a wide selection of Daikin AC equipment and accessories ready to ship. Same day pick up is available, or we can ship it today and you’ll receive it tomorrow. We are stocking outdoor units such as the VRVIII-S Heat Pump (RXYMQ), VRV III Heat Pump (RXYQ) and the VRV III Heat Recovery (REYQ). We also have the following indoor units available: DC Ducted Concealed Ceiling Unit (FXMQ_PVJU), Vertical Air Handling Unit (FXTQ_PVJU), Slim Built-In Unit (FXDQ_MVJU), Wall Mounted Units (FXAQ_MVJU), Round Flow Ceiling-Mounted Cassette (FXFQ-PVJU) and the 4-Way (2’x2’) Ceiling-Mounted Cassette

(FXZQ_M7VJU). The Greensboro warehouse is also stocking Dai-kin AC accessories such as refnets, controllers and pumps. Contact your local Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. sales engineer for more infor-mation. You can also call our Parts Department at 800-332-2295, or the Greensboro warehouse at 800-334-0254.

Daikin Training in Greensboro, NC

Daikin AC conducts various training courses at the Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. training center in Greensboro, NC. Go to www.daikinac.com/commercial/ to register for a training course today or contact your Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. salesperson.

Upcoming courses include:

November 7-8, 2012 2-Day Advanced VRV Service & Troubleshooting

November 13, 2012 1-Day VRV Install & Commissioning

November 14-15, 2012 2-Day Advanced VRV Service & Troubleshooting

December 4, 2012 1-Day VRV Install & Commissioning

December 5-6, 2012 2-Day Advanced VRV Service & Troubleshooting

December 18, 2012 1-Day VRV Install & Commissioning

December 19-20, 2012 2-Day Advanced VRV Service & Troubleshooting

ABB offers Building Information Modeling (BIM) for the company’s low voltage HVAC drives equipment, making its Revit® MEP family of products more easily available to architects and engineers during the design phase.

ABB continues its industry leadership, not only by offering the most comprehensive BIM HVAC drive family available today, but by be-ing the first and only provider delivering a complete standard HVAC drive family developed in full compliance with Autodesk® Seek and Revit MEP standards. ABB worked directly with Autodesk Seek and their partner, BIMAdvent™, to ensure successful integration and compliance. The ABB library of HVAC drive products is available now on the Autodesk Seek website at http://seek.autodesk.com.

Because the ABB HVAC drive BIM family is fully Revit MEP and Autodesk Seek compliant, it is available both from within Revit

MEP itself, as well as on the internet from the Autodesk Seek website. Simply search by keyword (ABB, ACH550, HVAC drive, VFD, etc.) for the full fam-ily. In addition to the Revit files, both the family and the Autodesk Seek website include links to technical information on the specific ABB HVAC drive equipment.

Includes:• Sophisticated ACH550 BIM Family Files• Dynamic VFD Drive Schedules• Links to Additional Product Information

For additional information on ABB products contact your local Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. sales representative.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Revit® MEP

Lennox high-efficiency En-ergence® rooftop units just got even more eco-friendly with the addition of a new all aluminum coil that significantly reduces refrigerant charge. The Environ™ coil system offers in-novative technology that helps to maximize reliability and sustainability.

The Environ™ Coil offers several benefits over traditional tube-and-fin coils with:• Up to 45% less refrigerant charge• All-aluminum coil that offers significantly lighter weight• Up to 20% less brazed joints• 3-year warranty

The Environ coil is currently available on Energence 7.5 to 12.5 ton and 20 to 30 ton units. The coil will soon be offered on other Energence units.

New Energence® Unit Tonnages AvailableLennox now offers high-efficiency Energence® 20 to 30 ton rooftop units. These units replace Lennox L Series 21 to 30 ton rooftop units, offering up to an 8% improvement in EER and a 10% improvement in IEER.

To learn more about the Environ coil, visit www.lennoxcommer-cial.com/environ or contact your local Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. sales representative.

Maximize Reliability and Sustainability of Energence® Rooftop Units

By using a series of channels, the Environ™ Coil System provides a higher primary surface area than traditional round tubes, resulting in up to 52% less refriger-ant required to achieve the same level of heat transfer.

Greenheck Vari-Green® and Vari-Green® ControlsGreenheck continues to expand their Vari-Green® motor and controls offering to give customers more ways to save energy, reduce maintenance and minimize installation and start-up costs. Their updated brochures will help share the benefits of Vari-Green with customers.

Vari-Green Motor BrochureTheir Vari-Green Motor brochure has been updated to promote avail-ability of larger horsepowers and additional product applications. Specifically:• Expanded horsepower availability, up to 2 hp• Expanded voltages on 1 hp in include 115/208-230 and the 2 hp to include 208-230• Expanded sizes and RPM range on existing sizes in G, CUE, CW and SQ

Vari-Green Controls BrochureGreenheck’s Vari-Green control of-fering has been expanded to provide more ways to leverage Vari-Green technology to save energy and provide the best possible ventilation conditions. The Vari-Green Controls brochure covers the following capabilities:• Transformer• Remote Dial• Two-Speed Control• Temperature• Humidity• Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC)• Constant Static Pressure• Constant CFM

The Vari-Green Controls brochure will help guide customers through each control option, providing features, typical applications and situations.

Please contact your local Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. sales representative to re-quest copies of these two new brochures from Greenheck Fan Corporation.

In an effort to go paperless, Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. will begin offering these newsletters electronically. If you would prefer an electronic newsletter,please email info@hoffman-hoffman.com with your name and type Newsletter in the subject line.

In an effort to go paperless, Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. will begin offering these newsletters electronically. If you would prefer an electronic newsletter,please email info@hoffman-hoffman.com with your name and type Newsletter in the subject line.

In the HVAC design world there is some uncertainty about the application of new and existing air distribution technologies since codes change so quickly and sometimes drastically. Customer mock-ups of the proposed HVAC design for a specific space are a great way to help resolve design uncertainty! And of course, bringing customers to the Price facilities only helps them to under-stand the wide range of solutions Price offers. My ideal mock-up includes the representative, design engineer, architect and owner. This diversity makes for a lasting impression and is more likely to lead to the design being based upon Price rather than a competitor. This impression can last a long time…some designers and contrac-tors recall mock-ups from over ten years ago!

Our mock-ups are typically categorized as Acoustical, Energy or Physical performance.

Acoustical

There are two types of acoustical mock-ups available: In-Situ and Reverberant.

In-Situ

An In-Situ test (performed in Atlanta) is a measurement of the ra-diated and discharge sound characteristics of a specific fan-powered device.

We install the terminal in a ceiling cavity above a room that has an acoustical ceiling with no penetrations. This allows for direct mea-surement of radiated sound in a space that approximates the size and construction of a typical private office. The terminal has both primary and discharge air duct connections. Discharge air is passed through a divider section in the plenum, allowing little to no radi-ated sound from the terminal to penetrate into the plenum over the discharge sound room. Then a specific amount of discharge air is directed through a diffuser in the ceiling of the discharge sound room, which allows direct measurement of discharge sound. This is great for educating on the two types of sound, radiated and discharge.

Reverberant

A Reverberant test (performed in Winnipeg) is a measurement of the sound characteristics taken per a specific test standard such as ASHRAE Standard 70 or ASHRAE Standard 130. The results are a quantification of the sound power generated by the device in question.

Energy

One type of test for energy characteristics is a chilled beam test in the Hydronic Test Chamber located in the Price Research Center North, Winnipeg (PRCN). This is one of my favorite tests as it

highlights the unique testing capabilities of PRCN. There is no equivalent of this test chamber in North America-you would have to travel to Europe to find a chamber of similar accuracy. This room shows VERY WELL!

Other types of energy tests include fan coil performance and fan energy consumption.

Physical

Physical tests include throw distance for a diffuser, pressure drop across a terminal unit primary valve, or temperature mixing characteristics of a dual duct terminal. These mock-ups can take place at either the Atlanta or Winnipeg locations, depending on the measurements needed.

Often, a mock-up involves acoustical, energy and physical aspects. One recent mock-up in Winnipeg explored the interaction be-tween a displacement diffuser and chilled sails, studying the impact on the occupant predicted thermal comfort.

Our mock-up capabilities are perfect for unusual applications of a technology, or when the designer, owner or architect is uncertain how a system will operate. We have four excellent, ready-to-go mock-up facilities in Atlanta.

Mock-up room one is a full-scale classroom that highlights dis-placement, chilled beams and overhead air distribution and simu-lates loading for occupants, as well as shell gain or loss.

Mock-up room two is a full-scale, single occupancy patient room that shows various methods of distributing air to meet the re-quirements of ASHRAE Standard 170, allowing us to discuss the advantages of each method.

Mock-up room three is a full-scale surgical space with operating table and surgical lights, capable of demonstrating the two common cleanroom air distribution methods: perimeter curtain and laminar flow.

Mock-up room four is a full-scale office that can show overhead, displacement, underfloor and chilled beams in operation. Please consider using our mock-up services. You will be pleased with how well they are received-and we enjoy showing them off!

Jerry Sipes is the Vice President of Engineering for Price Indus-tries in Atlanta, GA. For more information on Price products or to schedule a visit to the Price facilities, please contact your local Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. representative.

Creating Lasting Impressions with Customer Mock-UpsBy Jerry Sipes

In an effort to go paperless, Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. will begin offering these newsletters electronically. If you would prefer an electronic newsletter,please email info@hoffman-hoffman.com with your name and type Newsletter in the subject line.

Energy Characteristics and Energy Consumed in Large Hospital Buildings in the United States in 2007

CBECS 2007 - Release date: August 17, 2012Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration August 2012

Hospitals consume large amounts of energy because of how they are run and the many people that use them. They are open 24 hours a day; thousands of employees, patients, and visitors occupy the build-ings daily; and sophisticated heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems control the temperatures and air flow. In addition, many energy intensive activities occur in these buildings: laundry, medical and lab equipment use, sterilization, computer and server use, food service, and refrigeration.

The 2003 Commercial Building Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS) data showed that large hospitals (greater than 200,000 square feet) accounted for less than 1 percent of all commercial buildings and 2 percent of commercial floorspace, but consumed 4.3 percent of the total delivered energy used by the commercial sector in 2003 1. Data from the 2007 CBECS show that the major fuels (electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, and district heat) consumed by large hospitals totaled 458 trillion Btu, which is 5.5 percent of the total delivered energy used by the commercial sector in 2007.

In 2007, there were approximately 3,040 large hospital buildings in the United States. By Census Region, 26 percent of them were in the Northeast, 19 percent were in the Midwest, 39 percent were in the South, and 16 percent were in the West. The large hospitals comprised 1.96 billion square feet of floorspace, with an average of 644,300 square feet per building. A total of 3.3 million employees worked in those buildings, with an average of 586 square feet per em-ployee. The total licensed bed capacity was 915,000, with an average of 2,140 square feet per licensed bed.

Large hospital buildings in 2007 consumed a total of 458 trillion Btu in major fuels: 208 trillion Btu of natural gas, 194 trillion Btu of electricity, 6 trillion Btu of fuel oil, and 49 trillion Btu of district heat 2. The major fuel intensity was 234,100 Btu per square foot of floor-space. As shown in Figure 1, natural gas was the most common main space heating fuel, used by 74 percent of the buildings, followed by district heat, 20 percent. All buildings had air conditioning and nearly all, 92 percent, used electricity to power air conditioning equipment. Water heating was also used in all buildings and had fuel use percent-ages similar to space heating: 74 percent used natural gas and 18 percent used district heat. Cooking was reported in 95 percent of the buildings, with natural gas and electricity the most common cooking fuels. Because of their need for a secure, reliable source of electricity, almost all large hospitals (95 percent) generated electricity, primarily for emergency back-up generation. Fuel oil was by far the most com-mon generation fuel.

Not surprisingly, most of these energy-intensive buildings had energy management and conservation plans in place, and used technology and products to save energy. As shown in Figure 2, nearly all had regular maintenance and scheduled repair for the HVAC system. In 88 percent of the buildings, all or a portion of the windows were multi-layer glass and 76 percent of them used an economizer cycle, which pulls in outside air for cooling.

About 93 percent of them used one or more daylighting or lighting conservation features including tinted window glass (80 percent), reflective window glass (39 percent), external overhangs or awnings (47 percent), skylights or atriums designed to provide light (57 per-cent), automatic controls or sensors that increase or reduce lighting in response to the level of natural light (14 percent), and occupancy sen-sors that reduce lighting when rooms are unoccupied (46 percent). About 90 percent of them used compact fluorescent bulbs (CFLs), and 40 percent of them used light-emitting diode lights (LEDs) to light 11 percent and 2 percent of the total lit building floorspace in all large hospitals, respectively.

For the first time in its 30 year history, the CBECS collected data on water use. Large hospital buildings in the United States consumed about 133 billion gallons of water in 2007, totaling $615 million in water expenditures, with an average of 43.6 million gallons and $202,200 per building. The overall consumption per square foot was 67.7 gallons. The Midwest, South, and West Census regions had similar water-use intensity: 76.0, 68.1, and 72.7 gallons per square foot, respectively. The Northeast had a lower intensity of 55.5 gallons per square foot. In addition to the typical uses of water in commercial buildings, these buildings reported other intensive uses of water in high percentages. More than 99 percent of them used sterilizers or autoclaves, which use water to sterilize containers, medical instru-ments, surgical tools, and trays. Irrigation systems to water outdoor landscapes were found in 75% of the hospitals, while 88 percent used large amounts of hot water for commercial dishwashing, laundry, heated pools, steam rooms, whirlpools, or showers. On-site laundry facilities were reported for 17 percent of the buildings.

The U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) collects, analyzes, and disseminates independent and impartial energy information to promote sound policymaking, efficient markets, and public under-standing of energy and its interaction with the economy and the environment.

Footnote1 Total delivered energy used by the commercial sector in 2003 and 2007 were calculated using Total Primary and Total Electricity Retail Sales in Table 2.1c of the 2010 Annual Energy Review (AER). Deliv-ered energy does not include primary energy lost in the generation and transmission of electricity.

2 District heat: Steam or hot water from an outside source used as an energy source in a building. The steam or hot water is produced in a central plant and piped into the building. The district heat may be purchased from a utility or provided by a physical plant in a separate building that is part of the same facility (for example, a hospital complex or university).

Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey (CBECS)

In an effort to go paperless, Hoffman & Hoffman, Inc. will begin offering these newsletters electronically. If you would prefer an electronic newsletter,please email info@hoffman-hoffman.com with your name and type Newsletter in the subject line.