Ho]i7 gful/s cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd

Plhª g]kfn gfufh'{g gu/kflnsf,@, kFx]nf] u'Daf sf7df8f}+ kmf]g g+= )!–$**)^@! kf]i6 aS; g+= %($# O{d]nM ageingnep@gmail.com j]e ;fO{6 M www.ageingnepal.org

ljifo;"rL

;q ! Ho]i7 gful/ssf /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o d'2f g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / clwsf/ !–!@

!=! Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] hg;ª\Vof l:ylt !

!=!=! cGt/f{li6«o !

!=!=@ /fli6«o @

!=@ Ho]i7 gful/ssf] hg;+Vof j[l4n] NofPsf] r'gf}tL @

!=# Ho]i7 gful/ssf] hg;+Vof j[l4n] NofPsf] cj;/ #

!=$ lsg xfdLn] Ho]i7 gful/ssf ljifodf sfd ug'{ kb{5 < #

!=% cfkt\sfnLg kl/l:yltdf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ a9L k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ sf/0fx? $

!=^ cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s lbjzsf] Oltxf; / dxTj %

!=& yk yfxf kfpg' kg]{ ljifo j:t'x? ^

!=* lbuf] ljsf; nIo k|fKt ug{sf] nflu tkfOsf k|of;x? &

!=( Ho]i7 gful/ssf cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/x? (

!=!) ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3åf/f :yflkt Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu k|:tfljt ljz]if l;2fGtx? !)

!=!! g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ df Ho]i7 gful/s ;DaGwL Joj:yfsf]

;+lIfKt ljZn]if0f

!!

!=!@ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/df Ho]i7 gful/s ;DalGw Joj:yf !@

;q @ Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ pgLx?sf] :jf:Yo / x]/rfx !#–@(

@=! Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ !#

@=!=! b'Jo{jxf/ – kl/ro !#

@=!=@ b'Jo{jxf/sf k|sf/x? !#

@=@ Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] lje]b !^

@=# b'Jo{jxf/ /f]syfdsf pkfox? !&

@=$ x]/rfx !&

@=$=! x]/rfx– kl/ro !&

@=$=@ x]/rfxsf k|sf/ !&

@=% Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ rflxg] kf}li6s cfxf/ !*

@=^ a'9\of}nLdf nfUg] d'Vo /f]u !(

@=^=! dw'd]x (Diabetes Mellitus) !(

@=^=@ bd (Asthma) @)

@=^=# pRr /Qmrfk (High Blood Pressure) @)

@=^=$ x[bof3ft (Heart attack) @!

@=^=% ca'{b/f]u÷SofG;/ (Cancer) @@

@=^=^ jft/Qm (Gout) @#

@=^=& l8d]lG;of (Dementia) @$

s_ cNhfOd;{

v_ ef:s'n/ l8d]lG;of

u_ kfls{G;g

@=& a'9\of}nLdf b]vf kg]{ dfgl;s ;d:of (Psychological problems) @^

-s_ ljrf/ bf]xf]l/O/xg] /f]u (Obsessive-compulsive Disorder, OCD) @&

-v_ pbf;Lgtf (Depression) @&

-u_ PSsfl; ljgfsf/0f x'g] cToflws qf; (Panic Disorder) @&

-3_ kL8fbfos 36gf kl5 pTkGg x'g] Ps ljz]if dfgl;s /f]u (Post

Tramatic Stress Disorder, PTSD)

@*

@=* Ho]i7 gful/s :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;]jf sfo{qmd @)^! n] lbPsf] ;'ljwf @*

@=( Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ pkrf/df 5'6 lbg] g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf :jf:Yo ;+:yf @(

;q #M Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox? #)–#*

#=! dGqfonx? #)

#=!=! dlxnf afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s dGqfno #)

#=!=@ :jf:Yo dGqfno #@

#=!=# hg;ª\Vof tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno #@

#=!=$ ;+3Lo dfdnf tyf :yfgLo ljsfz dGqfno #@

#=!=% lZfIff dGqfno #@

#=@ ;+3 ;+:yf tyf lglh:t/af6 ul/Psf k|of;x? ##

#=# Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu Gfful/s ;dfhn] ug'{ kg]{ sfdx? ##

#=$ Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu ;fdflhs sfo{stf{x¿n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ ##

#=% Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ ##

#=^ Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|bfoL ;+:yfx¿n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ #$

#=& Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu kl/jf/sf ;b:on] ug'{kg]{ sfdx? #$

#=* Ho]i7 gful/s cfkm+}n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx? #$

$=( Ho]i7 gful/sx?;Fu sfd ug]{ g]kfnsf s]lx u}x|—;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+lIfKt

kl/ro / sfo{x?

#%

$=$ 5nkmn v08 #(

$=% d"Nofª\sg kmf/d $)

References

1

;q !M Ho]i7 gful/ssf /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o d'2f g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / clwsf/ ;xhstf{M ;Gh' yfkf du/

!=! Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] hg;ª\Vof l:ylt !=!=! cGt/f{li6«o

ljZjdf xfn ^) jif{dflysf] hg;ª\Vof () s/f]8 5 .

k|To]s cf7 hgfdf Ps JolQm ^) jif{ eGbf dflysf 5g\ .

xfn b'O{ ltxfO Ho]i7 gful/sx? ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sdf a:5g\ .

;g\ @)%) ;Dddf of] ;ª\Vof a9]/ @ ca{ k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

;g\ @)%) df ^) jif{ gf3]sf k|To]s !) hgfdf cf7 hgf ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf gful/s /xg]5g\ .

ljZjdf Ho]i7 gful/s / % jif{ d'lgsf hg;+Vofsf] l:ylt b]vfpg] /]vflrq

!=!=@ /fli6«o

;g\ @)!! sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ g]kfnsf] hg;ª\Vof j[l4b/ !=$ k|ltzt k|ltjif{ 5 / of] 36\g]

qmddf 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/s dfqsf] hg;ªVof j[l4b/ sl/a #=% k|ltzt k|ltjif{ /x]sf] 5 / of] a9\g] qmddf 5

.

2

tYofÍ ljefun] ;g\ @)!)÷!! df u/]sf] g]kfn hLjg:t/ ;e]{ cg';f/ g]kfndf xfn ^)

jif{dflysf] hg;ª\Vof s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] (=! /x]sf] 5, h'g sl/a #) nfv xf] .

g]kfndf Ho]i7 gful/s / % jif{ d'lgsf hg;+Vofsf] l:ylt b]vfpg] /]vflrq

!=@ Ho]i7 gful/ssf] hg;+Vof j[l4n] NofPsf] r'gf}tL hg;+Vofsf] 7"nf] lx:;f cf]u6\b} uPsf] Ho]i7 gful/ssf] Joj:yfkg ug{ sl7g x'b}5 .

lgl:qmo hg;+Vof a9\b} hfFbf sd hg;+Vofn] sfd u/]/ w]/} hg;+VofnfO{ kfNg' kg]{ l:yltsf] ;[hgf

eO/x]sf] 5 .

clwsf/sf] ;'lglZrttf sfod eO g;Sbf hg;+Vofsf] 7"nf] lx:;f ;d:of u|:t x'Fbf k'/} ;dfh

;d:of u|:t x'g] ;Defjgf k|i6 b]Vg ;lsG5 .

;]jf tyf eQfdf ah]6sf] cfsf/ a9\b} hfFbf xfd|f] h:tf] ljsfzf]Gd'v b]znfO{ wfGg ufx|f] kg]{ ePsf]

5 .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] hg;+Vof Aoj:yfkg ug{ cfjZos hgzlQm tyf ;+/rgf Ps} k6s tof/ kfg{

sl7g 5 .

:jf:Yo If]qdf nufgL a9\bf] qmddf /x]sf] 5 . -pkrf/sf] nfut Ho]i7 gful/sdf w]/} kb{5 _

cGt/k':tfsf] sf/0f kfl/jfl/s, ;fdflhs ldnfkdf ;d:of ;[hgf x'g] b]lvG5 .

Psn kl/jf/k|ltsf] cfsif{0fn] Ho]i7 gful/sx? PlSnb} hfg] qmd j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 .

j}b]lzs /f]huf/L, a;fO{ ;/fO{sf] sf/0f Ho]i7 gful/sx? ;xf/f ljlxg x'g] qmd a9\bf] 5 .

3

sfd ug]{ pd]/sf] kfl/jfl/s ;b:o sd x'Fbf cfo>f]tdf sdL eO kl/jf/ wfGg sl7g aGg] qmd

a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/sdf /x]sf] 1fg, zLk / cg'ejsf]] pkof]u ug]{ /fHosf] gLlt gx'bf bIf hgzlQm v]/

ulx/x]sf] 5 .

;8s, kfl6 kf}jf / dlGb/df a:g] tyf dflu vfg] ;d'xdf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\Vof j[l4 eO/x]sf]

5 .

;8s afnaflnsfsf] :yfg ;8s Ho]i7 gful/sn] lnO /x]sf] 5 .

!=# Ho]i7 gful/ssf] hg;+Vof a[l4n] NofPsf] cj;/ 1fg zLk / cg'ejn] bIf hgzlQm 7"nf] lx:;fdf kfOPsf] 5 .

cGo pd]/ ;d'xsf] t'ngfdf cfly{s ?kn] ;Ifd pd]/ ;d'x 7"nf] lx:;fdf kfOPsf] 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu /x]sf] k"FhL 7"nf] nufgLsf] cfof]hgfdf nufpg ;lsG5 . h;sf] k|ltkmn Ho]i7

gful/snfO{ lbO pgLx?nfO{ cfly{s?kn] ;Ifd agfpg ;lsG5 .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ sfdsf] cj;/ k|bfg ubf{ hgzlQmsf] cfjZostf ;lhn} k'/f x'G5 .

Ho]i7 gful/sdf /x]sf] 1fg zLknfO{ ;do ;fk]If u/fpFbf hgzlQm pTkfbgdf nufgL sd u/]

k'U5 .

Ho]l/ofl6«s c:ktfn, 8fS6/, g;{ / pgLx?sf] Joj:yfkgsf If]qdf gofF gofF /f]huf/Lsf] ;[hgf

x'g] cj;/sf] j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/s nlIft pTkfbgn] Aoj;flos ?k lnb} hfg] k|;:t ;+efjgfx? 5g\ .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] Joj:yfkgdf lghL If]qsf] nufgL a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 .

k'g{lgdf{0f tyf cfkt\sflng ;dodf pgLx?sf] l;k tyf cg'esf] k|of]u Hofb} pkof]uL x'G5 .

;fdflhs ;b\efj / Pstf sfod ug{df plgx?sf] e"ldsf k|d'v /xG5 .

l/ltl/jfh, efiff wd{ / ;+:s[tLsf] ljsf;df Ho]i7 gful/ssf] e"ldsf dxTjk'0f{ /xG5 .

!=$ lsg xfdLn] Ho]i7 gful/ssf ljifodf sfd ug'{ kb{5 < ljZje/ Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] hg;+Vof tLj| ultdf j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 .

pgLx?sf] hg;+Vof j[l4eP;Fu} ljleGg r'gf}lt / cj;/x? b]vfkg{ yfn]sf 5g\ .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] Joj:yfkg ug{ gofF gofF cjwf/0ff, k4lt / k|ljlwsf] ljsf; eO/x]sf 5g\,

h'g s'/fsf] hfgsf/L cfd hgdfg;df 5}g .

tYofª\s ljefun] lj=;+=@)*) df Ho]i7 gful/ssf] cf}ift cfo' *) jif{ k'Ug] tYo k|If]k0f u/]sf]

5 . cjsfz kl5sf] @) jif{sf] cfo' ;lqmo /fVg /fHo:t/af6 g} sfo{qmd Nofpg h?/L

eO;s]sf] 5 .

hGdb/ sdLsf] sf/0f sfd ug]{ pd]/ ;d'xdf klg sdLn] cfPsf] 5 . Ps hgfn] sdfP/ w]/}

hgfnfO{ kfNg'kg]{ l:yltsf] ;[hgf ePsf] 5 .

sfd ug]{ pd]/ ;d'xsf] kl/k"lt{ ug{ Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ ;lqmo /fVg'kg]{ cfhsf] cfjZostf

ag]sf] 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/sx? 1fg, l;k / cg'ejn] bIf hgzlQm x'g\ . logsf] pkof]u ug]{ gLlt tyf

sfo{qmd Nofpg h?/L 5 .

4

Ho]i7 gful/sx? cfly{s?kn] ;Ifd pd]/ ;d'xdf kb{5g\ . pgLx?;Fu /x]sf] cfly{s ;|f]tsf]

pkof]u ug{ clxn];Dd s'g} kfOnf rflnPsf] 5}g .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf clwsf/ ;+/If0f ug{ cTofjZos 5 .

dfgj clwsf/sf ljBdfg dfkb08x?df Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/ /Iffsf nflu cfjZos

k|fjwfgx?sf] sdL 5 .

Ho]i7 gful/sx? b'Jo{jxf/, g}/fZo / PSnf]kgsf] r/d hf]lvddf /xG5g\ .

cem} klg Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ bofbfgsf kfq ;lDem sNof0fsf/L ?kdf x]l/G5g\ .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xslxtsf nflu ePsf /fli6«o k|of;x? k|foM s'g} tYodf cfwfl/t geO{

xr'jfsf] e/df ul/Psf 5g\ .

ljBdfg sfg'gL k|fjwfgdf ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsf eGbf dfly Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] sfg'gL

kx'Fr 5}g .

cGo ;j} pd]/ ;d'x, lnª\u, hfthftL / ju{sf nflu /fHosf lgsfo 5g\ t/ Ho]i7 gful/ssf

nflu eg] 5}gg\ . Ho]i7 gful/ssf] nflu klg x'g cfjZos 5 .

hg;fª\lvs ;+/rgfdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gn] cjsf] o'u Ho]i7 gful/ssf] x'g] ljZj dfGotf /x]sf]

5 .

s'n hg;+Vofdf 7'nf] lx:;f cf]u6\b} u/]sf] Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ /fHon] ;+/If0f u/]/ /fVg' cj

;+ej 5}g . kl/jf/nfO{ pQ/bfoL agfO{ kl/jf/df g} clwsf/ ;lxtsf] ;+/If0fsf] Joj:yf ug'{

cfjZos 5 .

lbuf] ljsf;sf !& j6f nIox?dWo] !$ j6f nIox? Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu ;DjlGwt 5g\ .

Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ gofF k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ug{ l;sfO{ ;lqmo / ;xh a'9\of}nL hLjg ofkg ug{

;xof]u ug{ cfjZos 5 .

a"9f]x'b} hfFbf ePsf clwsf/ af6 klg al~rt x'b} hfg] kl/l:yltsf] ;[hgf x'g] ePsfn] o;nfO{

/f]Sg cfjZos sbd rfNg' kb{5 .

cfh Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu sfd ug'{ eg]sf] cfk\mgf] a'9\of}nL ;'/lIft ug'{ xf] .

!=% cfkt\sfnLg kl/l:yltdf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ a9L k|fyldstf lbg'kg]{ sf/0fx?

a9L ;+j]bgzLn z/L/ Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] z/l/ c? pd]/ ;d"xsf] t'ngfdf a9L ;+j]bgzLn / sdhf]/ x'G5 . cfkt\

sfnLg ;dodf c:yfoL af;:yfg agfO{ a;]sf] cj:yfdf 3fd, kfgL / xfjf;Fu n8\g ;Sg]

Ifdtf sdhf]/ x'g] x'gfn] pgLx?nfO{ ljleGg /f]ux?n] ;tfpg] x'G5 . h:t}– ?3f, vf]sL, hf]gL{

b'Vg] cflb .

cf}ifwL pkrf/sf] cefj a9\bf] pd]/df k|foM Ho]i7 gful/sx? s'g} g s'g} lsl;dsf] bL3{sfnLg /f]ux? h:t}– lrgL /f]u,

pRr /Qmrfkaf6 kLl8t eO/x]sf x"G5g\ / b}lgs ?kdf cf}ifwLx? k|of]u ul//x]sf x'G5g\ .

cfkt\sflng ;dodf pgLx?sf] cf}ifwL tyf cf}ifwLsf] sfuh x/fpg ;S5 . h;sf sf/0f

pgLx?sf] cf}ifwL ;]jgdf u8a9L eO{ pgLx?sf] :jf:Yo l:yltdf x|f; cfpg ;S5 .

5

gofF jftfj/0fdf 3'nldn x'g sl7gfO{ Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ gofF jftfj/0fdf 3'nldn x'g lgs} sl7g x'G5 . cfkt\sfnLg kl/l:yltdf

p4f/ u/L Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ /flvg] 7fpF, cf]5\ofg, zf}rfno nufot ;Dk"0f{ s'/f gofF / gf}nf]

x'g] x'Fbf pgLx?nfO{ c;lhnf] x'g] x'G5 . h;sf sf/0f pgLx?sf] :jf:Yodf gsf/fTds c;/ kg{

uO{ ;fdflhs ;DaGw;d]t lau|g ;S5 . h:t}– c?nfO{ c/fpFbf l;sfpFbf c?n] lbSs dfg]/

b'Jo{jxf/ ug'{ .

lg/fzf / cfTdxTof

hLjgel/sf] sdfO u'd]sf] cj:yf / cfkm\gf glhssf Oi6ldqsf] d[To' jf Ifltsf ;dfrf/n]

pgLx? hLjgb]lv g} lg/f; eP/ cfTdxTof;d]t ug{ ;S5 .

vfglkgdf c;Gt'ng cfkt\sflng ;dodf vfB kbfy{ pknAw gx'g' / ePsf klg :jf:Yo cg's"n gx'g] x'Fbf ef]s} k/]/

la/fdL x'g k'Ub5g\ . h:t}– lrp/f rkfpg g;s]/ ef]s} kg'{ .

cfly{s ?kdf sdhf]/ lgoldt ub}{ cfPsf] sfd ug{ g;Sg] eO{ k/lge{/ x'g k'Ub5g\ . h:t}– b"wsf] Joj;fo ug{

g;Sg' .

k/Dk/fut 1fg zLk Ho]i7 gful/sdf /x]sf] k/Dk/fut 1fg zLkn] dfq P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbfsf] k'glg{df{0fdf sfo{ ;Dej

x'G5 . h:t} – dlGb/sf] 6'F8fn;DaGwL 1fg . !=^ cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s lbjzsf] Oltxf; / dxTj

;g\ !(() l8;]Da/ !$ df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;fwf/0f ;efdf lg0f{o eP cg'?k !((! cS6f]j/

! b]lv cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s lbj; dgfpg ;'? ul/Psf] xf] .

of] lbj; dgfpg'sf] k|d'v p2]Zo eg]sf] Ho]i7 gful/ssf] a9\bf] hg;+Vofn] l;Ëf] ;dfhsf]

cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / ;f+:s[tLs hLjgdf kfg]{ k|efjaf/] Jofks hgr]tgf km}nfpg]

sfdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg' xf] .

;g\ !((! sf] !^ l8;]Dj/df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3n] :yflkt u/]sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] clwsf/ ;DaGwL

l;4fGt cg'?k :jtGqtf, ;xeflutf, :ofxf/, cfTdkl/k"lt{ / ;Ddfg k|d'v x'g\ .

To:t} ;g\ !((@ cS6f]j/ @! df a;]sf] j}7sn] !((( nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s jif{sf]

?kdf dgfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] xf]] . To;kZrft Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xslxtsf nflu sfd ug{ ljZje/

w]/} /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;/sf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx? :yfkgf eP .

leogfdf ePsf] ljZj Ho]i7 gful/s ;Dd]ngdf ;xeflu /fi6«x?sf] ;dy{gdf /fhgLlts 3f]if0ff

ul/of], h;nfO{ æDofl8«8 cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s sfo{of]hgfÆ elgG5 . pQm ;Dd]ngdf g]kfn

nufot !%( b]zx?n] ;xeflutf hgfOPsf] lyof] .

æDofl8«8 cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s sfo{of]hgfÆ df Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xslxtsfnflu ug'{ kg]{ Ps

;o eGbf a9L sfdx? ;'emfOPsf 5g\ . tL ;a} sfdx? d'VotM Ho]i7 gful/s / ljsf;,

a'9\of}nLdf :jf:Yo ;]jf / ;xof]uL jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f ljifo s]lGb|t 5g\ .

6

clxn] g]kfn nufot ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf ;a} ;b:o /fi6«x? cf–cfˆgf d"n'sdf æDofl8«8

cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s sfo{of]hgfÆ sfof{Gjog ug{ljleGg /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o, ;/sf/L

tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?;Fu ;fem]bf/L ul//x]sf 5g\ .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] a9\bf] hg;+Vofn] l;Ëf] ;dfhsf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / ;f+:s[tLs

hLjgdf kfg]{ k|efjaf/] Jofks hgr]tgf km}nfpg] sfdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg/ plgx?sf] :jtGqtf,

;xeflutf, :ofxf/, cfTdkl/k"lt{ / ;Ddfgsf]af/]df hgr]tgf clej[l4 ug{ g]kfndf klg

cGt/f{li6«o Ho]i7 gful/s lbj;dgfOb} cfPsf] 5 .

!=& yk yfxf kfpg' kg]{ ljifo j:t'x? Ho]i7 gful/s 1fg / ;Lksf e08f/ x'g\, HoF"bf Oltxf; x'g\, ;+:s[ltsf w/f]x/ x'g\ / cf:yfsf

s]Gb| x'g\ .

pgLx¿sf] 1fg / ;Lksf] pkof]uaf6 ;dfh ljsf;df tLj|tf cfpF5 .

pgLx¿k|ltsf] cf:yfn] ;dfhdf g}ltstf / ;b\u'0fsf] ljsf; x'G5 .

pgLx?nfO{ a'9\of}nL hLjgdf ;lqmo /fVg ;s]df Ho]i7 gful/sx? :jo+ b'Jo{jxf/af6 aRgsf

;fy} l;ª\uf] ;dfhnfO{ g} kmfObf k'Ub5 .

7

!=* lbuf] ljsf; nIo k|fKt ug{sf] nflu tkfOsf k|of;x? lah'nL af6 rNg] ;a} pks/0fx? sfd ;lsg] ljlQs} aGb u/]/ /fVg' kb{5 . ljgf sfd alQ

afln/xg], sDKo'6/ vf]ln/xg] h:tf sfdx? aGb ug'{ kb{5 . o:tf s[ofsnfk k|To]s JolQm /

3/af6 ug]{ xf] eg] of] ;fgf] k|of;n] b]zsf] ;fy;fy} ljZjdf laBdfg ljB'tLo ;d:ofsf] xn ug{

;d]t ;xof]u k'U5 .

of] ;do lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] xf] . lj1fg / k|ljlwdf ePsf] tLj| ljsf; / lj:tf/n] dflg;sf]

hLjgofkg ;xh / ;/n agfPsf] 5 . olx lj1fg / k|ljlwsf] pkof]uaf6 xfdL xfd|f] hLjg ;/n

/ ;xh agfpFg ;S5f} . s'g} klg a}+lsª sfo{, kfgL, lah'nL cflbsf] lan ltg{ laB'tLo k|ljlwsf]

k|of]u ug]{ xf] eg] ;dosf] art x'G5 . cem o;n] sfuhsf] vktdf sdL NofO{ jg ljgf; h:tf]

hl6n ;d:of /f]Sg dbt ub{5 .

;fem]bf/L -;fd'lxs_ ?kdf sfd ug'{xf];\ . cfˆgf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ dflg;x?;Fusf] ;ª\u7gdf cfj4

x'g'xf];\ tfls tkfOnfO{ cK7of/f] k/]sf] a]nfdf ;lhn} ;xof]u ldnf];\ . jftfj/0fdf / dfgjLo

hLjgdf IftL gk'Ug] vfnsf] sfd ug{sf] nflu cfˆgf] :yfgLo ;/sf/ jf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu

;jfn /fVg] ug'{xf];\ .

w]/} dfqfdf lk|G6 ug]{ afgL 5 eg] To;nfO{ /f]Sg'xf];\ . o;af6 sfuh, d;L / laB'tsf] art x'G5

. cfkm'nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ s'/fx? ;Demgsf] nflu df]jfOn jf sDKo'6/df kmfOn agfO k9\g] ug'{xf];\

.

/fli6«o tyf :yfgLo ;dfrf/ jf ;'rgfx?nfO{ ;'Gg] ug'{xf];\ .

tkfOn] ljZjAofkL nIo;Fu ;DalGwt sfd ug'{ePsf] 5 eg] #globalgoals sf] k|of]u

;fdflhs ;~hfnx?df u/]/ cfˆgf] sfo{x? atfpg'xf]; \ .

wf]Psf] n'ufx? ;'sfpg jf g'xfPsf] skfn ;'sfpg d]l;gsf] ;§fdf 3fd of xfjfsf] k|of]u ug]{

afgLsf] ljsf; ug'{xf];\ .

afy6jdf g'xfpFg'sf] ;§fdf ;fj/ lng] ug'{xf];\ . o;af6 kfgLsf] vkt sd x'G5 .

df;'hGo vfgfdf sd u/f} lsgeg] ;fukftsf] pTkfbg ug{ eGbf df5fdf;'sf] pTkfbg ug{ w]/}

hgzlQm / ;dosf] cfjZostf kb{5 .

k|fª\ufl/s dnsf] k|of]u ubf{ jftfj/0f ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ ;lsG5 .

Knfl:6ssf] emf]nf, sfuh tyf l;;fsf] ;fdu|Lx?sf] k'gM k|of]u ug]{ u/f}F .

Vffgf vfg] ;dodf dfq ksfpg'xf];\ . klxnf ksfPsf] vfgf ttfP/ vfg] afgL gug'{xf];\ .

phf{ sd vkt x'g] lrdx?sf] k|of]u ug'{xf];\ . ;f]nf/ Kofgnsf] k|of]un] klg lah'nLsf] lan

36fpg d2t ub{5 .

8

:yfgLo k;ndf ;fdfgx? lsGg] ug'{xf];\ . h;n] ubf{ l5d]sLnfO{ /f]huf/L ldN5 / tkfOFnfO{

3/af6 6f9f hfg gkbf{ ;do / OGwgsf] art x'G5 . ;fy} nf]sn k;n]x?;Fu /fd|f] lrghfg x'g]

x'bf 7lug] 8/ klg sd x'G5 .

;fdfg lsGg hfbfF ;fdfgx?sf] ;"lr agfP/ hfg] ug'{xf];\ .

5f]6f] b'/Lsf] nflu oftfoftsf] k|of]u gug'{xf];\ . nfdf] b'/Lsf] ofqf w]/} hgfn] ;Fu} ug'{kg]{ ePdf

;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf] k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .

k'gM k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] kfgLsf] af]tn tyf skmL sksf] k|of]u ug'{xf];\ .

;fdfg lsGg hfbfF k'gM k|of]u ug{ ;lsg] emf]nf af]s]/ hfg] ug'{xf];\ .

/]:6'/]G6df vfgf vfbfF w]/} Gofklsg k|of]u gug'{xf];\ .

gofF a|f08sf] ;fdfg lsGg' eGbf klxn] k|of]u u/]sf] ;fdfg lsg]/ rnfpg] ug'{xf];\ . o;n] nfut

sd kg{ hfG5 .

cfkm'n] k|of]u ul/;s]sf] kmlg{r/, lstfa, n'ufx? ;fdflhs ;+:yfx?nfO{ jf cfjZosLo

JolQmx?nfO{ bfg lbg] afgL a;fNg'xf];\ .

cfˆgf] ef]6 xfNg] clwsf/ / g]tf r'Gg] clwsf/sf] k|of]u ug'{xf]; \ .

olb tkfO{;Fu s]lx kmnkm'n tyf vfhf 5 t/ tkfO{nfO{ vfg dg 5}g eg] Tof] vfg]s'/f gkmfNg'xf];\

. a? s;}nfO{ lbg'xf];\ . h;nfO{ To;sf] cfjZostf k/]sf] 5 .

tkfO{sf] ;d'bfodf sf]lx :jf:Yo ;'ljwfaf6 al~rt 5g\ jf c;dfgtfdf k/]sf] 5 eg] To;sf]

cg'udg ug]{ ug'{xf];\ .

pHhn eljiosf] nflu o'jf k':tfx?O{ k|]/0ffbfoL dfu{bz{g ug'{xf];\ .

Ps} vfn] sfddf klg k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf dlxnfsf] cfo !)–#)Ü ;Dd sd x'g] ub{5 . of] dlxnf

dfly x'g] 7'nf] c;dfgtf xf] . o;sf] af/]df cf–cfˆgf] If]qaf6 kxn ug'{xf];\ .

ljZjdf $ ca{ dflg;x?sf] cfwf/e"t :j:Yo, ;/;kmfO / zf}rfno ;'ljwfdf kx'Fr k'u]sf] 5}g .

o;sf] kx'Fr a9fpgsf] nflu klg cfˆgf] If]qaf6 kxn ug'{xf];\ .

9

!=( cfwf/e"t dfgj clwsf/x? cg'R5]b !M ;dfgtfsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @M e]befjaf6 :jtGqtf

cg'R5]b #M JolQut hLjg / ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b $M bf;Tjaf6 :jtGqtf

cg'R5]b %M oftgf / ckdfghgs Jojxf/af6 :jtGqtf

cg'R5]b ^M sfg'gL klxrfg

cg'R5]b&M sfg'gsf] cufl8 ;dfgtfsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b *M k|lt:kwL{ Gofoflws/0f pkfosf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b (M cfj|md0f, lu/ˆtf/ / lgjf{;gaf6 :jtGqtf

cg'R5]b !)M plrt hg;'gfO clwsf/

cg'R5]b !!M bf]ifL ;fljt geP;Dd lgbf]{if dflgg] clwsf/

cg'R5]b !@M kl/jf/, 3/, JolQmut hLjg / uf]klgotfsf] x:tIf]kaf6 ;'/Iff

cg'R5]b !#M b]Zf leq / aflx/ lgMz'Ns cfGbf]ngsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b !$M ;'/Iffsf] nflu cGo b]zx?df z/0fsf] Joj:yf

cg'R5]b !%M Pp6f /fli6«otfaf6 csf]{ /fli6«otf kl/j{tg ug]{ :jtGqtf

cg'R5]b !^M ljjfx / kl/jf/sf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b !&M ;Dklt :jfldTjsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b !*M wfld{s ljZjf; / :jtGqtfsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b !(M ljrf/ / ;"rgfsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @)M zflGtk"0f{ ;+ul7t x'g]] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @!M r'gfj / ;/sf/df lgMz'Ns efu lng] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @@M ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @#M ?lrs/ sfd / Jofkf/ ;+3df efu lng] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @$M lj>fd / cf/fdsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @%M ;xL hLjg latfpg] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @^M lzIffsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @&M ;d'bfodf ;fF:s[lts lqmofsnfkdf efu lng] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @*M ;fdflhs cfb]zsf] clwsf/

cg'R5]b @(M :jtGq / k"0f{ ;d'bfo ljsf;sf nfuL ;d'bflos bfloTj cfjZos 5 .

cg'R5]b #)M /fHosf] clwsf/ jf dflysf] clwsf/df JolQmut k|Zg p7fpg] clwsf/

10

!=!) ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3åf/f :yflkt Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu k|:tfljt ljz]if l;2fGtx? ;g\ !((@ cS6f]j/ @! df a;]sf] ;+o'tm /fi6«;+3sf] a}7sn] Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu lgDg lnlvt

l;¢fGtx? :yflkt u/]sf] 5 .

-s_ :jtGqtf j[4j[4fx¿n] cfˆgf] kl/jf/, ;d'bfo / cfˆg} JolQmut k|of;af6 cfˆgf cfjZostf, h:t} vfg]

s'/f, kfgL, cf>o, n'ufkmf6f / :jf:Yosf] x]/ljrf/ ug]{ :jtGqtf kfpg'k5{ .

cfo cfh{g ug]{ cj;/ kfpg'k5{ .

cfkm" >dzlQmaf6 cjsfz kfpg s'g pd]/sf] xb pko'Qm x'G5 eGg] gLlt lgwf{/0f ug]{ sfddf

;+nUg x'g kfpg' k5{ .

pko'Qm z}lIfs / tflnd sfo{j|mddf ;xefuL x'g kfpg' k5{ .

;kmf, ;'/lIft Pjd\ cfˆgf] ablnFbf] zf/Ll/s, dfgl;s sfo{ Ifdtf cg'?k pko'Qm jftfj/0fdf

a:g kfpg' k5{ .

kl/jf/;Fu} g} a:g kfpg' k5{ .

-v_ ;xeflutf j[4j[4fx¿nfO{ Plss[t ?kdf ;dfhdf a:g tyf ;dfhsf] enfOsf nflu lgwf{/0f ul/g] gLlt tyf

sfo{j|mdx¿df ;lj|mo ;xeflutf u/fpg] / pgLx¿sf] 1fg / l;knfO{ o'jf k':tfn] u|x0f ug{;Sg]

Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

;fd'bflos ;]jfsf sfdx¿df j[4x¿sf] cfˆgf] ?lr / Ifdtf cg'?k :jod \;]jssf] ?kdf ;]jfug{

cj;/ kfpg' k5{ .

j[4j[4fx¿ cfkm}n] jf c?;Fu ldn]/ cfˆgf] xs lxt / Ifdtf cg';f/ ;+3–;+:yfx¿ ;+rfng ug{

kfpg' k5{ .

-u_ x]/ljrf/ j[4j[4fx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] ;dfhsf] k/Dk/fut tyf ;f+:s[lts d"No / dfGotf cg';f/ cfˆgf kl/jf/

/ ;d'bfoaf6 ;d'lrt x]/ljrf/ / ;+/If0fsf] ;'ljwf kfpg' k5{ .

j[4j[4fx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ ;+efJo /f]usf] lzsf/ x'gaf6 arfpg, To;sf] pkrf/ ug{, cfˆgf zf/Ll/s,

dfgl;s / ;+j]ufTds l:yltnfO{ lj|mofzLn /fVg x]/ljrf/sf] ;'ljwf kfpg'k5{ .

j[4j[4fx¿n] :jtGqtf, ;+/If0f / ;d'lrt x]/ljrf/sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;a} ;fdflhs tyf

sfg"gL ;]jf pknJWf x'g'k5{ .

j[4j[4fx¿n] dfgjf]lrt jftfj/0fdf ;+:yfut ;+/If0f, k'g:y{fkgf tyf ;fdflhs / dfgl;s

k|f]T;fxgsf ;'ljwfx¿ pkof]u ug{ kfpg'k5{ .

j[4j[4fx¿ 3/, a[4f>d, pkrf/ s]Gb| hxfF;'s} a;]tfklg cfˆgf] x]/ljrf/, hLjg:t/, ;Ddfg,

cfTdlj:jf; cfjZostf, uf]kgLotf h:tf ljifox¿df lg0f{o ug{'kbf{ dfgj clwsf/ Pjd\ df}lns

:jtGqtfsf] k"0f{ k|of]u ug{ kfpg'k5{ .

-3_ cfTd kl/k"l{t{ j [4j[4fx¿n] cfkm"df lglxt Ifdtfsf] k"0f{?kdf ljsf; ug{ pko'Qm cj;/ kfpg'k5{ / cfˆgf

pknAwLsf] k"0f{ cg'z/0f u/L lge{o eP/ b]z / ;dfhsf] ;]jf ug{ kfpg' k5{ .

11

j[4j[4fx¿n] cfˆgf;dfh / ;d'bfodf ljBdfg z}lIfs, ;f+:s[lts, cfWoflTds Pjd \ dgf]/~hgsf

;fwg ;|f]tsf] pkof]u ug{ kfpg'k5{ .

-ª_ ;Ddfg j[4j[4fx¿ zf/Ll/s Pjd\ dfgl;s zf]if0faf6 d'Qm eO{ :jtGqtfk"j{s ;Ddfghgs / ;'/lIft hLjg

afFRg kfpg'k5{ .

pd]/, lnË, a0f{, hflt, wd{, ckfËtf jf cGo s'g} cfwf/df j[4j[4fx¿sf] lje]b ul/g' x'Fb}g .

j[4j[4fx¿n] u/]sf pTkfbgzLn, ;fdflhs, cfly{s sfo{af6 /fi6«n] k|fKt u/]sf of]ubfgsf cfwf/df

pgLx¿sf] sb/ ul/g'k5{ .

!=!! g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)&@ df Ho]i7 gful/s;DaGwL Joj:yfsf] ;+lIfKt ljZn]if0f g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg “g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg” @)&@ ;fn c;f]h # ut] hf/L ul/Psf] xf] .

;j{k|yd g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg,@)&@ sf] efu # sf] df}lns xs / st{Jo cGtu{tsf] wf/f !* sf]

pkwf/f -#_ df ;fdflhs jf ;f+:s[lts ?kn] lk5l8Psf dlxnf, blnt, cflbjf;L hghflt,

czSt c;xfo cflb ;Fu} Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;+/If0f, ;zStLs/0f jf ljsf;sf nflu sfg"g

adf]lhd ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ /f]s nufPsf] dflgg] 5}g .

o;/L g} oxL efusf] wf/f $! Dff Ho]i7 gful/snfO { /fHoaf6 laz]if ;+/If0f tyf ;fdflhs

;'/Iffsf] xs x'g] 5 egLPsf] 5 .

efu # s} wf/f #% sf] pkwf/f -!_ df :jf:Yo ;DaGwL xssf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . h;df

k|To]s gful/snfO{ /fHoaf6 cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo

;]jf lg:z'Ns k|fKt ug]{ xs x'g] / s;}nfO klg cfsl:ds :jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 alGrt ul/g] 5}g

egLPsf] 5 .

oxL efusf] wf/f #) df :jR5 jftfj/0fsf] xs cGtu{t k|To]s gful/snfO{ :jR5 / :j:Yo

jftfj/0fdf afFRg kfpg] xs x'g]5 egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

Gf]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)&@ sf] efu $ sf] wf/f %! sf]] /fHosf] gLltx? -s_ sf] /fli6«o

Pstf / /fli6«o ;'/Iff ;DaGwL gLltsf] pkwf/f -&_ df k"j{ sd{rf/L, ;}lgs / k|x/L nufotsf

k"j{ /fi6« ;]jsx?df /x]sf] 1fg, ;Lk / cg'ejnfO /fli6«o lxtdf ;d'lrt pkof]u ug]{ egL

pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

Effu $ sf] wf/f %! sf] -u_ cGtu{tsf] ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts ?kfGt/0f ;DaGwL gLltsf]

pkwf/f -@_df P]ltxfl;s, k'/ftflTjs tyf ;f+:s[lts ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / ljsf;sf nflu

cWoog, cg';Gwfg / pTvgg tyf k|rf/ k|;f/ ug]{ eGg] pNn]v 5 .

oxL efu $ s} wf/f %! sf] -r_ cGtu{tsf] ljsf; gLltsf] pkwf/f -*_ df hg;fª\lVos

tYofª\snfO{ cBfjlws ub]{ /fli6«o ljsf; of]hgf;Fu cfj4 ug]{ egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

12

oxL efusf] wf/f %! s} -5_ cGtu{tsf] k|fs[lts ;fwg >f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / pkof]u

;DaGwL gLlt cGtu{tsf] pkwf/f -(_ df k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 x'g] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f ug{ k"j{

;"rgf, tof/L, /fxt Pj+ k'g:yf{kgf ug]{ egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

wf/f %! sf] -5_ k|fs[lts ;fwg ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / pkof]u ;DaGwL gLltsf] pkwf/f -!_

/fli6«o lxt cg's'n tyf cGt/k':tf ;dGofosf] dfGotfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub|}{ b]zdf pknAw

k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0f, ;+jw{g / jftfj/0f cg's"n lbuf] ?kdf pkof]u ug]{ / :yflgo

;d'bfonfO{ k|yldstf / cu|flwsf/ lbb} k|fKt k|ltkmnx?sf] Gofof]lrt ljt/0f ug]{ pNn]v

ul/Psf] 5 .

oxL efusf] wf/f %! sf] -h_ cGtu{tsf] gful/ssf cfwf/e"t cfjZostf ;DaGwL gLltsf]

pkwf/f -!)_ df g]kfnsf] Ifdtf / cfjZostfsf cfwf/df hg;ª\Vof Joj:yfkgsf nflu

kl/jf/ lgof]hgnfO k|f]T;fxg ub}{ dft[ lzz' d[To' b/ 36fO cf};t cfo' a9fpg] p2]Zo /fi6«sf]

/x]sf] s'/f ;+ljwfgdf pNn]v 5 .

!=!@ ;+3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/df Ho]i7 gful/s ;DalGw Joj:yf cg';"rL % df ;+3sf] clwsf/ ;"rLsf] qmd ;ª\Vof #@ df ;fdflhs ;'/Iff / ul/jL lgjf/0f

;DaGwL clwsf/ ;+3nfO lbOPsf] 5 .

cg';"rL ^ df k|b]zsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rLsf] qmd ;ª\Vof ( df :jf:Yo ;]jfsf] clwsf/ k|b]zsf]

x'g]5 egL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

cg';"rL & df ;+3 / k|b]zsf] ;femf clwsf/sf] ;"rLsf] qmd ;ª\Vof !) df of]hgf, kl/jf/

lgof]hg / hg;ª\Vof clg qmd ;ª\Vof !! df ;fdflhs ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

o;/L g} cg';"rL * df :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf] ;"rLsf] qmd ;ª\Vof ( df cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo /

;/;kmfO, qmd ;ª\Vof !^ df Ho]i7 gful/s, ckf+utf ePsf czStx?sf] Joj:yfkg clg qmd

;ª\Vof @) df ljkb Joj:yfkg sf] clwsf/ ;DAfGwL pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

13

;q @M Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ pgLx?sf] :jf:Yo / x]/rfx ;xhstf{M kljqf clwsf/L

@=! Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ @=!=! kl/ro ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7g (WHO) sf] kl/efiff cg';f/ Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ eGgfn] –“cfk;L

ljZjf; / lge{/tfsf] ;DaGw ;Ldfleq /x]/ ul/g] s'g} klg To:tf] sfd, sfdsf] l;nl;nf / sfdsf]

cefj, h;sf sf/0fn] Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ zf/Ll/s of dgf]j}1flgs Iflt x'g k'U5 .”

clxn] Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] ;ª\Vof a9\b} hfFbf b'Jo{jxf/af6 kLl8t x'g]sf] ;ª\Vof ljZje/L g} a9\b}

uO/x]sf] 5 . o;n] ljZjsf w]/} Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] :jf:Yo, cfly{s ljsf; / dfgj clwsf/sf] kIfdf

c;/ kfl//x]sf] 5 .

@=!=@ b'Jo{jxf/sf k|sf/x? -s_ zf/Ll/s b'Jo{jxf/

s'g} klg 3/fo;L jf ;fdflhs ljifonfO{ lnP/ Ho]i7 gful/sx? dfly s'6lk6 ug]{, xft v§f efFlrlbg]

cyjf z/L/nfO{ c;/ ug]{ vfnsf Jojxf/x?nfO{ zf/Ll/s b'Jo{jxf/ elgG5 . of] b'Jo{jxf/sf] l;sf/

ePsf Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] z/L/df 3fp, rf]6, ;'h, bfu b]lvG5 .

s] s] x'g\ t zf/Ll/s b'Jo{jxf/ <

• s'6lk6 ug'{

• n5f/k5f/ ug{'

• 6f]Sg'

• ws]Ng'

• lrdf]6\g'

• ;fªnf]n] jf 8f]/Ln] afFw]/ /fVg'

Zff/Ll/s b'Jo{jxf/sf nIo0fx? • z/L/df sf6]sf], lryf]l/Psf] 8fdx? b]lvg'

• z/L/sf ljleGg efudf lgn 8fdx? b]lvg'

• c;fdfGo 7fpFdf jf c;fdfGo k|sf/n] kf]n]sf] jf rf]6 nfu]sf] x'g'

• 8fS6/n] af/Daf/ Pp6} cf}iflwsf] l;kmfl/; bf]xf]¥ofO/xg' / l;kmfl/; ul/P eGbf sd jf w]/}

cf}ifwL v'jfpg] cj:yf x'g'

• JolQmn] Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ a]Unfa]Un} 8fS6/ jf :jf:Yo s]Gb|af6 :jf:Yof]krf/ vf]Hg'

14

tflnsf g+ != zf/Ll/s b'Jo{jxf/ / To;af6 d[To" ePsf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\Vof M-@)^(–@)&$_

k'?if dlxnf hDdf d[To"

k'?if dlxnf hDdf @@@ !** $!) !$* (% @$#

-v_ cfly{s b'Jo{jxf/ cfo cfh{g jf wg ;Dkltsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ Ho]i7 gful/sx? dfly ul/g] g/fd|f Jojxf/x?nfO{

cfly{s b'Jo{jxf/ elgG5 . h:t} an k"j{s pgLx?sf] ;Dklt cfˆgf] gfddf kfg'{, pgLx?sf] gfddf

ePsf] ;Dklt a]rlavg jf v/Lb ug{ glbg', Ho]i7 gful/s eQfdf clgoldttf ug{', ;fy} pgLx?n]

/fv]sf] 7fpFaf6 k};f rf]/Llbg' cflb h:tf 36gfx? o; b'Jo{jxf/ leq kb{5g\ .

s] s] x'g t cfly{s b'Jo{jxf/ < • j[4j[4fx?sf] gub, u/uxgf, k]G;gsf sfuhkq rf]g]{ jf n'6\g]

• j[4j[4fx?sf] ;xL gSsn ug]{ / b'?kof]u ug]{

• cgf}7f] k|sf/sf] nf]e b]vfO 7uL ug]{

cfly{s b'Jo{jxf/sf nIo0fx? j[4j[4fx?sf] vftfaf6 clgoldt / clglZrt ?kdf k};f lemlsPsf] x'g'

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] k|of]hg / lgsflnPsf] k};faLr tfnd]n gx'g'

OR5fkq jf js;kqdf af/Daf/ km]/jbn b]lvg'

Ho]i7 gful/ssf k};f tyf u/uxgf x/fpg'

tflnsf g+ @= cfly{s b'Jo{jxf/ / o;af6 d[To" ePsf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\VofM -@)^(–@)&$_

k'?if dlxnf hDdf d[To" k'?if dlxnf hDdf

$$ $& (! ! – !

-u_ efjgfTds jf dfgl;s b'Jo{jxf/ Aff]n]/ jf gaf]nL ul/g] ufnL, 3[0ff, a]jf:tf cflb h;n] Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ dfgl;s kL8f lbG5 eg] Tof]

dgf]efjfgfTds b'Jo{jxf/ xf] .

15

s] s] x'g\ t efjgfTds jf dfgl;s b'Jo{jxf/ < af]n]/ ul/g]

dgf]efjfgfTds b'Jo{jxf/ gaf]n]/ ul/g]

dgf]efjfTds b'Jo{jxf/ • ufnL ug]{ • 8/ b]vfpg] • luHofpg] • bf]if b]vfpg] -af]S;L, af]S;f_ • Gffd sf6]/ jf km/s gfdn] af]nfpg]

• Jf]jf:t ug]{ • ;fyLefO 5/l5d]s;Fu ;Dks{ ug{ glbg] • emsf]{ kmsf]{ ug]{ • vr{df s6f}tL ug]{

efjgfTds jf dfgl;s nIo0fx?

• lgliqmo x'g'

• lg/fz x'g'

• z+sfn' x'g'

• x]/rfx ug]{;Fu 6fl9g'

• ;'Tg] tyf vfg] z}nLdf kl/jt{g cfpg'

• kfl/jfl/s tyf ;dflhs ultljlwdf sd rfv lbg'

tflnsf g+ #= efjgfTds jf dfgl;s b'Jo{jxf/sf] l;sf/ ePsf Ho]i7 gful/sf] ;ª\Vof

-@)^(–@)&$_ k'?if dlxnf hDdf @ $ ^

-3_ of}g b'Jo{jxf/ Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] OR5f ljkl/t ha/hl:t pgLx?nfO{ of}g;Fu ;DalGwt sfo{df nufpg'nfO{ of}g

b'Jo{jxf/ elgG5 . s] s] x'g t of}g b'Jo{jxf/

• :jLs[lt lagf s/0fL ug'{ jf s/0fL ug]{ dfg;fosf] lqmofsnfk ug]{

• ;+j]bgzLn c+ux?df 5'g'

of}g b'Jo{jxf/sf nIo0fx?

• leqL sk8fx?df /utsf 6f6f nfu]sf] jf bfux? b]vfkg'{

• z/L/sf ;+j]bgzLn c+ux?df n5f/k5f/ u/]sf] 8fdx? e]l6g'

• a:g tyf lx8\g ;fljs eGbf ufx|f] x'g'

• Aff/Daf/ k]6 b'Vg'

• lagfs/0f u'KtfËaf6 /Qm;|fj x'g' jf u'åf/df kL8fsf] l;sfot ug'{

• of}g /f]ux?n] cfqmd0f ug'{

16

tflnsf g+ $= of}g b'Jo{jxf/sf] l;sf/ ePsf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\Vof -@)^(–@)&$_

k'?if dlxnf hDdf

– ^ ^

-ª_ a]jf:tf÷x]nf Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ ufF;, af; / skf;sf] ;fy} cGo cfjZostfx?Aff6 6f9f /fVg] vfnsf] Jojxf/

o; b'Jo{jxf/ leq kb{5 . x]nfdf k/]sf Ho]i7 gful/sx? 8/fO/xg], cfkm' b'Jo{jxf/df k/]sf] s'/f

sf]lx;Fu geGg] / Psf]xf]/f] x'g], em:sg] vfnsf x'G5g\ .

tflnsf g+ %= x]nf / o;af6 d[To" ePsf] -a]jfl/;] nf; e]l§Psf]_ Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;ª\Vof -@)^(–@)&$_

k'?if dlxnf hDdf $@# !#@ %%%

@=@ Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] lje]b

afa'cfdfsf] ;Dkltdf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] xs nfUg] t/ 5f]/f5f]/Lsf ;DklQdf afa'cfdfsf] xs gnfUg] .

>LdtLnfO{ 3/af6 lgsfNbf c+z lbg' kg]{ t/ afa'cfdfnfO{ 3/af6 lgsfNbf s]lx lbg' gkg]{ .

pN6} ;j} ;Dklt ljgf/f]stf]s vfgkfOg] .

kfl/jfl/s hd36, 3'dlkm/ / dgf]/~hgsf sfo{qmddf a"9fa"9LnfO{ ;xeflu u/fOb}g .

afnaflnsf o'jf nufot cGo pd]/ ;d'xsf] dflyNnf] lgsfo;Dd sfg'gL kx'Fr /x]sf] t/ Ho]i7

gful/ssf] sfg'gL kxF'r ufpFkflnsf / gu/kflnsf eGbf dfly g/x]sf] .

cfkt ljkb\÷b}ljs k|sf]ksf] hf]lvddf kg]{ Ho]i7 gful/s p4f/ sfo{df k|fyfldstfdf gkg]{ .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;Dkltsf] pkof]u pgLx?sf] lxtdf gx'g] . -j[4 cj:yfdf pkrf/ gu/fOlbg] _

cfjZostf / OR5f cg';f/sf] sfd ug{ gkfpg] . -a"9];sfndf lsg rflxof] <, a"9];sfndf lsg

sfd ug'{ k¥of] < h:tf wf/0ff /fVg] .

;]jf k|bfos ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;]jfdf k|fyldstfdf gkg]{ .

/fli6«o ljsf;sf] d"nwf/df Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ g;d]l6Psf] .

a+}sn] ^) jif{sf] pd]/ xbsf sf/0f C0f glbg] .

^) jif{ pd]/ xbsf] sf/0f ;Ifd / bIf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg gf]s/Laf6 clgjfo{ cjsfz lng'kg]{ .

^) jif{s} sf/0f gf]s/Ldf k|j]z gkfpg] .

Ho]i7 gful/s ePs} sf/0f 1fg, cg'ej / l;kn] bIf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg pgLx?sf] /fo ;'emfj glng] .

zf/Ll/s b'j{ntfs} cfwf/df ;a} s'/fdf cof]Uo 7fGg] .

cGo pd]/ ;d'xsf] nflu dgf]/~hg, kfs{, rnlrq, ;flxTo nufot hLjgsf ;a}+ kIfnfO{ x]l/G5

eg] a"9fa"9Lsf nflu To:tf ljifo s]lx klg x]l/b}g .

cGo pd]/ ;d'xnfO{ k/]sf] lk/ dsf{, cGofo cTofrf/nfO{ clwsf/sf] ?kdf x]l/G5 eg] Ho]i7

gful/ssf ljifodf sNof0fsf/L b[li6sf]0fn] dfq x]l/G5 .

a"9f] x'b} hfFbf ePsf clwsf/af6 klg al~rt x'b} hfg] kl/l:yltsf] ;[hgf x'g] .

17

cGo pd]/ ;d'xnfO{ x]g]{ /fHosf clwsf/ ;DkGg lgsfo 5g\ eg] Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ x]g]{ To:tf]

s'g} /fHysf] lgsfo 5}g\ .

@=# b'Jo{jxf/ /f]syfdsf pkfox? tYofÍ ;Íng / ;"rgf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] cf}krfl/s jf cgf}krfl/s ;+:yfx?sf] ;ª\u7g ug{

/fHon] kxn ug'{kg]{

/fHon] Ho]i7 gful/sx?;Fu ;DalGwt ;Dk"0f{ sfg'gsf] k'0f{ sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{

b'Ao{jxf/ ug]{ JolQmx?nfO{ plrt b08 ;hfosf] gLlt s8fO{sf ;fy nfu' ug'{kg]{

g]kfnsf b'u{d efudf /x]sf b'Jo{jxf/sf 36gfx?nfO{ Gofosf] kx'Frdf Nofpg] ;+oGqsf] ljsf;

ug'{kg]{

b'Jo{jxf/sf] lj?¢df ph'/L lng] / ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ s'g} lgsfo, :yflgo :t/b]vL /fHo

:t/;Ddsf]] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{

;/f]sf/ lgsfox?n] 3/kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?n] s;/L x]/rfx ug]{, s:tf] Jojxf/ ug]{ eGg] lzIff

/ k/fdz{d"ns sfo{qmd b]ze/ lj:tf/ ug'{kg]{

/fHo / Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu sfdug]{ ;+3 ;+:yfn] Ho]i7 gful/s l;k / bIftf cg'?ksf]

hLljsf]kfh{g ;Dalw tflnd lbg'kg]{

@=$ x]/rfx @=$=! kl/ro

pd]/ ;Fu} dflg;sf] z/L/df ljleGg ;d:ofx? b]vf kb{5g\ . z/L/ sdhf]/ / /f]uL x'G5 . h;sf]

sf/0fn] Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ cfˆgf] OR5f / cfjZostfx¿nfO{ k"/f ug{ c?sf] ;xfotf rflxG5 . o;

pd]/df cfˆgf klt kTgLdf ljZjf; / k|]dsf]] jftfj/0f rflxG5 . xfd|f] ;fdflhs k/Dk/f cg';f/

5f]/f5f]/Ln] cfˆgf j[4 cfdf afa'x¿sf] x]/rfx ug'{ pgLx¿sf] g}lts bfloTj leq kb{5 t/ ablnbf]

;dfhn] NofPsf] r'gf}tLx?;Fu} o; lsl;dsf g}lts 1fgx? klg lj:tf/} x/fpb}5 .

@=$=@ x]/rfxsf k|sf/ -s_ cfkm";Fu Pp6} 3/df a;]sf j[4j[4fx¿sf] ul/g] x]/rfx M Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/fx?

Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf nflu a:g] 3/sf] cj:yf ;'/lIft eP gePsf] x]/]/ ;'/lIft u/fpg

cfjZos x'G5 . pgLx¿ a:g] 3/ Gofgf] x'g'k5{, e'O{ cUnf] xf]rf] ePsf] x'g' x'Fb}g . pgLx¿

;lhn} lxF88'n ug{ ;Sg] / 7f]lSsg] n8\g] ;Defjgf ePdf ;'wf/ ug'{k5{ .

;s];Dd pgLx¿nfO{ 6]lnkmf]gsf] ;'ljwf ePsf] 7fpFdf a:g] Joj:yf x'g'k5{ .

s'g} g s'g} sfdsf] lhDd]jf/L lbP/ Jo:t /fVg'k5{ .

pgLx¿sf] cfjZostfsf af/]df pgLx¿;Fu 5nkmn u/L lgisif{ lgsfNg' k5{ .

cf}ifwL pkrf/sf af/]df 8fS6/af6 ;Nnfx lnO{ ;f]xL cg';f/ ug'{k5{ .

lgoldt cf}ifwL pkrf/sf] cfjZostf kg]{ ePdf ;w} b]vfpg] u/]sf] 8fS6/ jf :jf:YosdL{sf]

lgb]{zg cg';f/ cfjZostf k"/f ug'{k5{ / tf]lsPsf ;dodf :jf:Yo hfFr u/fpg'k5{ .

pgLx¿nfO{ kf}li6s cfxf/ vfg lbg'k5{ .

cfjZostf cg';f/ lsgd]nsf] Joj:yf ldnfO{ lbg'k5{ .

18

vfglkgsf af/] cWoog u/L vfgfsf] ?lr 36]sf] eP 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfxn] ?lr a9fpg] Joj:yf

ldnfpg' k5{ .

z/L/sf] tf}n 36]a9]sf] ePdf cfgLafgL / :jf:Yodf s]xL sdL cfPsf] 5 eg] 8fS6/sf]

;Nnfxn] ;'wf/ ug'{k5{ .

-v_ cfkm";Fu ga;L a]Un} 7fpFdf a;]sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] x]/rfxdf Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/f Ho]i7 gful/ssf] zf/Ll/s cj:yf pd]/;Fu} kl/jt{g eO/xG5 . pgLx¿sf] b[li6zlQm, ;'Gg] zlQm

sd x'Fb} hfG5 . sd ;'Gg] x'Fbf cfkm" glhs uP/ 7"nf] :j/df af]Ng'kg]{ x'G5 . x]g]{ zlQm sd x'g]

x'Fbf cfkm"n] ljrf/ k'¥ofP/ ;]jf ug'{k5{ . pgLx¿ ;+j]bgzLn x'G5g\, To;nfO{ dgdf /fv]/

:ofxf/ ;]jf ug'{k5{ .

pgLx¿sf] ;f]Rg] zlQm sd x'g] x'Fbf cfkm+}n] ;DemfP/ sfd ug]{ ug'{k5{ . ;d:of a'em]/

pgLx¿sf] cg's'n cfkm' x'g ;Sg'k5{ .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] kfrgzlQm sd x'g'sf ;fy} /f]u;Fu n8\g] zlQm sd x'g] ePsfn] pgLx¿nfO{

:ofxf/ ubf{ ;kmfOdf al9 Wofg lbg'k5{ .

pgLx¿sf efjgf / ltgdf cfPsf kl/jt{g a'em]/ Jojxf/ ug'{k5{ . emls{g] :jefjsf Ho]i7

gful/sx?nfO{ :g]xk"0f{ Jojxf/ u/]/ ;DxfNg' k5{ .

:ofxf/stf{n] klxnf t cfˆg} cWoog ug'{k5{ . cfkm" ;Gt'i6 / v';L ePdfq c?sf] ;]jf ug{

;lsG5 . cfkm" cleefjs eP/ lhDd]jf/L a'em]/ Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf] ;]jf ug'{k5{ .

@=% Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ rflxg] kf}li6s cfxf/ df5f, df;', c08f

u]8fu'8L

k|z:t dfqfdf xl/of ;fukft tyf kmnkm"n . lbgdf sDtLdf Pp6f :ofp lbg cfjZos x'G5 .

b"waf6 ag]sf vfB h:t} b"w, bxL, l3p, df]xL, gf}gL cflbaf6 z/L/nfO{ SoflN;od k|fKt x'G5 .

xKtfsf] ;ft} lbg ljxfg a]n'sL s] vfg lbg] tflnsf agfpg'k5{ .

pgLx¿nfO{ ?lr x'g] vfgf lbg'k5{ .

Ps}k6s w]/} vfg lbg' x'Gg, ;do ldnfP/ k6s k6s u/L v'jfpg'k5{ .

bfFtsf] ;d:ofaf6 vfg cK7]/f] ePdf t'?Gt pkrf/ u/fpg' k5{ . g/d / emf]n kbfy{ vfg

lbg'k5{ .

kfgL k|z:t vfg lbg'k5{ . kfgL a9L vfg ;s] :jf:Yo 7Ls /xG5 . kfgLn] z/L/sf] ljsf/

aflx/ lgsfN5, lduf{}nf, d'6'nfO{ sfd ug{ ;lhnf] kf5{ . lbgdf sDtLdf ^ lunf; kfgL lkpg'

k5{ .

Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] z/L/df ePsf df+;k]zLsf ;]n db}{ hfg] x'gfn] kf}li6s vfg]s'/f a9L

dfqfdf lbg'kb{5 .

vfg]s'/f a9L vfg g;Sg] sf/0fn] klg kf}li6s tŒj a9L rflxg] x'G5 .

/f]u cg';f/sf] vfglkgdf ljz]if Wofg lbg'k5{ .

19

@=^ a'9\of}nLdf nfUg] d'Vo /f]u

@=^=! dw'd]x (Diabetes Mellitus)

-s_ kl/ro Og;'lng (Insulin) sf] dfqfdf sdL jf sdhf]/Laf6 /utdf cfjZostf eGbf lrgLsf] dfqf a9L x'g' /

To;sf] sf/0faf6 b]vfkg]{ nIf0f tyf c;/nfO{ dw'd]x elgG5 . ;fdfGo af]lnrfnLsf] efiffdf dw'd]x

/f]unfO{ lrgL /f]u klg elgG5 .

-v_ dw'd]x /f]usf nIf0fx¿ w]/} ef]s nfU5 . ef]s cg';f/ vfgf a9fpFb} hfFbf klg z/L/sf] tf}n a9\g'sf] ;§f 36\b} hfG5 .

d'v ;'Svf x'G5 / ltvf{ a9L nfU5 . kfgL lkpFbf klg ltvf{ d]l6Fb}g .

lk;fa l56f]–l56f] nfU5 . lk;fj u/]/ cfP kl5 km]l/ t'?Gt} lk;fa ug{ dg nfU5 .

xft v'§f emdemdfpg], kmtSs uNg] / afpFl8g] x'G5 .

s'g} sf/0fn] rf]6 k6s nfUbf lgsf] x'g nfdf] ;do nfU5 .

dfgl;s ysfj6 / Psfu|tfsf] sdL x'G5, af]Ng, rNg dg nfUb}g, cN5L x'G5 .

cfFvfsf] Hof]lt 36\b} hfG5 / wldnf] b]V5 .

-u_ dw'd]xsf] /f]syfd dw'd]xsf nIf0fx¿ b]vfkgf{ ;fy lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfxdf lk;fa / /ut hFrfP/ dw'd]x eP

gePsf] lgSof}{n ug'{k5{ .

cfˆgf j+zhsf s'g} JolQmdf dw'd]x /f]u 5 eg] of] j+zf0f'ut¿kdf gofF k':tfdf klg x'g

;Sb5 . o;sf/0f o:tf j+zsf kfl/jfl/s ;b:ox¿ a9L ;fjwfg x'g'kb{5 .

w]/} lrNnf], u'lnof] ePsf] vfgf dg k/fpg], w]/} vfg], w]/} cf/fd ug]{ / w]/} df]6f] dflg;nfO{

dw'd]x /f]u nfUg ;Sb5 . To;}n] ;Gt'lnt ef]hg / ;lj|mo hLjgn] klg of] /f]usf] /f]syfd ug{

;lsG5 .

-3_ dw'd]xsf] Joj:yfkg

dw'd]xsf /f]uLx¿n] vfglkgdf dfq} k/x]h u/]/ klg dw'd]x /f]usf] lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . lj/fdLn]

vfgfsf] dfqfdf / ;do / ;+oldt tl/sfsf] vfg] ?l6ª kfngf ug'{ kb{5 . lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx

cg';f/ cf}ifwL ;]jg ug'{kb{5 . lgoldt Jofofdn] klg dw'd]x /f]usf] lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

a]nf a]nfdf /utdf Un'sf]hsf] dfqf k/LIf0f u/fO/xg' kb{5 . /utdf Un'sf]hsf] dfqf Hofb} sd x'Fbf

klg xflgsf/s x'G5 . o:tf] cj:yfnfO{ xfOkf]Unf;]ld (Hypoglycemi) elgG5 . cfhef]ln ljleGg

zNolj|mof h:t} kfglj|mofhsf] k|Tof/f]k0f / :jrflnt OG;'lng kDksf] /f]k0f u/]/ klg dw'd]xsf]

Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 .

20

@=^=@ bd (Asthma)

-s_ kl/ro kmf]S;f]df clS;hgsf] k|jfx ;Gt'lnt ?kdf geO{ ;f; km]g{ sl7gfO x'g'nfO{ bd (Asthma) elgG5 .

of] /f]u h'g;'s} pd]/ ;d"xsf JolQmx¿df nfUg] ePtfklg Ho]i7 gful/sx?df o;sf] vt/f al9 x'G5 .

of] /f]u w"nf], w'jfF, a9L kl/>d, lr;f] kfgL, r'/f]6, tdfv'sf] ;]jg ugf{n] nfUg] ub{5 .

-v_ bdsf nIf0fx¿

;f; km]g{ ufx|f] x'G5 . ;f; km]bf{ aflx/}af6 xfjf au]h:tf] ;'Oof–;'Oof cfjfh ;'lgG5 .

;'Svf vf]sL nfU5 .

5ftL ef/L x'G5 .

Zjf;–k|Zjf; k|lj|mof c;xh x'Fbf lj/fdLdf Psbd 56k6L x'G5 .

gf8Lsf] ult a9\5 .

;'Tg cK7\of/f] x'G5 .

-u_ bd lgbfgsf pkfox¿

r'/f]6, tdfv', ufFhfh:tf w"d|kfg ug'{x'Fb}g . w"nf], w'jfsf PnhL{af6 bd a9\g] ePsfn] w"nf] w'jfFaf6 aRg'kb{5 . w"nf] w'jfFdf sfd ug]{

dflg;n] df:s nufpg'kb{5 . lr;f] xfjfkfgL / df};daf6 aRg cfjZos Joj:yf ug'{kb{5 . jftfg's"lnt cfjf; (Air condition room) / lk|mhdf /fv]sf] vfg]s'/f ;s];Dd k|of]u ug'{

x'Fb}g . bdsf] k|s[lt cg';f/ lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd cf}iflw ;]jg ug'{kb{5 . lj/fdLnfO{ bd cfpg'k"j{sf ;ª\s]t b]lvgf;fy t'?Gt} c:ktfn n}hfg' kb{5 .

-3_ bdsf] Joj:yfkg

of] /f]u w"nf], w'jfF, a9L kl/>d, lr;f], r'/f]6, tdfv'sf ;]jg ugf{n] nfUg] x'Fbf To:tf kIfaf6 arfpg]

pkfox¿ cjnDag ug'{ kb{5 . vf;u/L j[4j[4fnfO{ r'/f]6 tdfv' gvfg / a9L kl/>d ug]{ afgL

lgoGq0f u/L dgf]j}1flgs ;Gt'ngdf a:g ;Sg] jftfj/0fsf] lgdf{0f ug'{kb{5 .

@=^=# pRr /Qmrfk (High Blood Pressure) -s_ kl/ro

/Qmrfk pd]/ cg';f/ leGg leGg x'G5 . ;fdfGotM z/L/df l;:6f]lns bafa !@) ld=ld= /

8fof:6f]lns bafa *) ld=ld= x'g'kb{5 . l;:6f]lns bafa !$) ld=ld jf ;f] eGbf dfly ePdf /

8fof:6f]lns bafa () ld=ld= jf ;f]eGbf dfly ePdf To:tf] cj:yfnfO{ pRr /Qmrfk elgG5 .

ljZjdf sl/a !) k|ltzt dflg;x¿ pRr /Qmrfkaf6 kLl8t 5g\ . h;dWo] Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf]

;+Vof al9 5 .

-v_ pRr /Qmrfksf sf/0fx¿

1. clwsf+z dflg;x¿df pRr /Qmrfk s'g} lglZrt sf/0f ljgf g} pTkGg x'G5 .

21

2. sltko cj:yfdf cGo /f]ux¿sf sf/0fn] /Qmrfkdf j[l4 x'G5 . h;nfO{ ;]s]G8/L pRr

/Qmrfk (Secondary Hypertension) elgG5 . ;]s]G8/L pRr /Qmrfksf sf/0fx?

a9\bf] pd]/

j+zf0f'ut

jflx/L jftfj/0fsf] tfks|d

df]6f]kgf

zf/Ll/s Jofofddf sdL

w'd|kfg / dBkfg

al9 g'gsf] ;]jg

dfgl;s tgfj

dw'd]x

-u_ nIf0fx¿

l/Ë6f nfU5 .

PSsf;L 6fpsf] b'V5, kl;gf cfp5 / d'6' xlNnG5 .

;fgf] ;fgf] s'/fn] klg emsf]{ nfUg] / l/;fxf k|j[lQdf j[l4 x'G5 .

5ftL b'Vg] / bd km'Ng] klg x'g ;Sb5 .

slxn] sfxLF gfy|L km'6\g] jf gfsaf6 /ut cfpg] klg x'g;Sb5 .

-3_ pkrf/ tyf Joj:yfkg pRr /Qmrfk ePsf] /f]uLn] lbgdf *–!) 306f lj>fd ug'{ kb{5 .

w"dkfg tyf dBkfg kl/Tofu ug'{kb{5 .

g'g, d;nf, v';f{gL / cldnf] sd vfg'kb{5 .

z/L/sf] jhg a9L 5 eg] sd ug'{kb{5 .

k|f]l6g tyf lrNnf] kbfy{ sd vfg' kb{5 .

cGo sf/0fx¿af6 /Qmrfk j[l4 ePdf To;sf] sf/0f kQf nufO{ pkrf/ ug'{kb{5 .

zf/Ll/s Jofofd ug'{k5{ .

pRr /Qmrfksf] lj/fdLn] lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx adf]lhd lgoldt¿kdf cf}ifwL lng] /

vfglkgdf k/x]h u/]/ o;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . /Qmrfk bL3{sflng /f]u ePsf]n]

la/fdLn] ;+oldt eO{ pkrf/ ug'{kb{5 .

@=^=$ x[bof3ft (Heart attack) -s_ kl/ro

kfsf] pd]/sf JolQmx?df ljleGg k|sf/sf d'6'sf ;d:ofx¿ b]vf kb{5g\ . d'6'df /ut k'¥ofpg] g;f

(Coronary artery) ;fF3'l/Fb} hfFbf jf cGo sf/0faf6 d'6'sf] sf]lifsfx¿ clS;hg / kf]if0fsf] cefjn]

db{5g\ . h;sf] kl/0ffd :j¿k d'6'n] PSsf;L sfd ug{ 5f8\b5 o;nfO{ x[bof3ft (Heart Attack) elgG5 .

nlIft ju{ M k|foM w"d|kfg ug]{, cTolws dBkfg ug]{, pRr /Qmrfksf] lj/fdL, df]6f] z/L/ ePsf] tyf

a9L dfgl;s sfo{af]em ePsf] JolQmnfO{ x[bof3ft x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 .

22

-v_ sf/0fx¿ d'6'af6 pTkGg x'g] w8\sgdf u8a8L ePdf

d'6'sf] ult l9nf] ePdf

x[bosf] df+zk]zLdf Iflt ePdf

wdgLdf sf]n]:6]«n (Cholesterol) hDdf ePdf

-u_ x[bof3ftsf nIf0fx¿ 5ftLdf ;xg g;Sg] u/L tLj| kL8f x'G5, h'g lj>fd ubf{ klg sd x'Fb}g .

lj/fdLnfO{ Zjf; k|Zjf; k|lj|mofdf ufx|f] x'G5 .

d'6' xlNnG5 .

l/Ë6f nfUg], /Qmrfk 36]/ hfg], kl;gf cfpg], xftv'§f lr;f] x'g] x'G5 .

crfgs sdhf]/L x'G5 .

d'5f{ k5{ .

-3_ /f]syfd x[bof3ft ePsf] ;+sf nfUg]lalQs} t'?Gt} glhssf] c:ktfn jf :jf:Yo s]Gb|df n}hfg' kb{5 .

la/fdLnfO{ cf/fd;Fu ;'tfpg], p;sf sl:;Psf sk8fx¿ km'sfOlbg] / s[lqd bfFt ePdf

lgsfnL lbg'kb{5 .

lj/fdLnfO{ Zjf; km]g{ ufx|f] ePdf s[lqd Zjf; lbg' kb{5 .

d'6'sf] ult aGb ePdf 5ftLdf dfln; z'? ul/xfNg'k5{ .

x[bo3ft eO;s]sf] lj/fdLn] 8fS6/sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ oy]i6 dfqfdf >d u/L z/L/ / d'6'sf]

/Qm ;~rf/df j[l4 u/fpg' kb{5 .

x[bo3ft kl5 @–# dlxgf;Dd df]6/ rnfpg' x'Fb}g .

la/fdLn] cgfjZos ¿kdf eou|:t geO{ ;+oldt cfr/0f, pRr dgf]anåf/f ;Gtf]ifk|b hLjg

JotLt ug'{kb{5 .

@=^=% ca'{b/f]u÷SofG;/ (Cancer) -s_ kl/ro

ljZjdf g} d[To'sf] d'Vo sf/s ag]sf] ca'{b/f]unfO{ ;fdfGo af]nLrfnLsf] efiffdf SofG;/ (Cancer)

elgG5 . o; /f]udf z/L/sf s'g} klg cËdf clgolGqt¿kn] sf]lifsfx¿ a9\g yfNb5g\ / l56f]–l56f]

7"nf] cfsf/sf luvf{ jf 3fpvl6/fsf] ¿k lnG5g\ . o:tf] l:yltdf ;DalGwt cËsf sf]lifsfx¿n]

k|fs[lts¿kdf sfd ug{ ;Sb}gg\, h;sf] kl/0ffd :j¿k ljleGg nIf0fx¿ b]vfkg{ yfNb5g\ .

-v_ SofG;/ /f]u nfUg] d'Vo sf/0fx¿ w"d|kfg, ;'tL{, v}gL, kfg, ;'kf/L cflb d'vdf RofKg]nfO{ SofG;/ /f]u nfUg] cTolws ;Defjgf

x'G5 . nfdf] ;do;Dd w"d|kfg ug]{x¿df ljz]if u/L cf]7, lha|f], kmf]S;f] / Nofl/+S;sf] SofG;/n]

;tfpg] ub{5 .

nfdf] ;do;Dd k|b"if0fo'Qm snsf/vfgf jf w"nf] w'jfFdf sfd ug]{x¿df kmf]S;f]sf] SofG;/ x'g]

;Defjgf /xG5 .

23

;"o{sf] ljls/0faf6 klg 5fnfsf] SofG;/ x'g] ub{5 .

kf]n]sf], 89]sf], tf/]–e'6]sf] vfgf vfFbf k]6sf] SofG;/ x'g] a9L ;Defjgf x'G5 .

j+zf0f'ut sf/0fn] klg SofG;/ /f]u nfUg ;Sb5 . cfˆgf cfdf jf lbbLalxgLdf :tgSofG;/

ePdf cfkm"nfO{ klg x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf /xG5 .

3fp vl6/f nfdf] ;do;Dd lgsf] gx'Fbf klg SofG;/ x'g ;Sb5 .

efO/; jf AofS6]l/ofsf] sf/0fn] klg SofG;/ /f]u nfUg ;Sb5 .

-u_ SofG;/ /f]usf nIf0fx¿M z/L/sf] s'g} klg efudf b'Vg] jf gb'Vg] ufF7f, 8Nnf, luvf{ cfP5 / To:tf ufF7f l56f] a9\b}

hfG5 .

af/Daf/ vf]sL nfUg] / :j/ efl;Fb} hfG5 .

3if{0fsf] sf/0fn] ePsf] 3fp jf vl6/f nfdf] ;do;Dd lgsf] x'b}g / SofG;/sf] ?k lnG5 .

z/L/df ePsf] sf]7L jf d';fdf kl/jt{g x'G5 .

:tgdf s8f ufF7f cfp5 .

lb;f, lk;fa / vsf/df /ut b]vf kb{5 .

sd ;dodf g} z/L/sf] jhg 36\b} hfG5 .

;fwf/0f sfd ubf{ klg z/L/ kmtSs} uN5 .

-3_ /f]syfdsf pkfox¿

w"d|kfg, hfF8/S;L Tofu]/ SofG;/sf sf/sx¿ sd ug'{kb{5 .

tf/]sf], e'6]sf] / d;fn]bf/ vfgf vfg'x'b}g .

d'v, 5fnf tyf u'KtfËsf] ;/;kmfOaf6 klg s]xL xb;Dd /f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 .

w'jfF, w"nf] / cGo k|b"if0faf6 hf]lug'k5{ .

af;L vfgf, ;fFb]sf] k'/fgf] crf/, 9';L k/]sf] cGg jf u]8fu'8L vfg' x'Fb}g .

@=^=^ jft/Qm (Gout) -s_ kl/ro

z/L/sf cª\usf sf]ifx¿df g'g hDdf eP/ jf /utdf o'l/s Pl;8sf] dfqf a9]/ b]lvg] ljleGg

nIf0fx¿sf] ;d"xnfO{ jft/Qm elgG5 . z/L/df vfgfdf ePsf] Ko'l/g 6'lqmPkl5 lg:sg], sfd gnfUg]

kbfy{ jf kmf]xf]/ kbfy{ g} o'l/s Pl;8 xf] . jft/Qm (Gout)ljz]ifu/L rfln; jif{eGbf dflysf

dflg;x¿nfO{ nfUg] ub{5 . s;} s;}df of] /f]u j+zf0f'ut x'G5 .

-v_ jft/Qmsf nIo0fx?

hf]gL{x? /ftf] x'G5 .

hf]gL{x? ;'lgG5 .

-u_ /f]syfd jf pkrf/ jft/Qm k"0f{¿kdf lgsf] kfg{ ;lsFb}g t/ pko'Qm pkrf/ / ;Gt'lnt vfglkgn] o;sf] lgodlt

c;/nfO{ eg] sd ug{ ;lsG5 .

24

cTolws kfgL jf emf]nm kbfy{sf] ;]jg ug'{kb{5 . o;/L Hofbf kfgL vfFbf z/L/df cTolws /x]sf]

o'l/6 (Urate) nfO{ lk;faaf6 ˆofSg ;lsG5 .

z/L/sf] jhg 36fpg'k5{ .

@=^=& l8d]lG;of (Dementia) -s_ kl/ro

l8d]lG;of eg]sf] dlit:sdf /f]u jf rf]6k6s nfu]/ x'g] Pp6f o:tf] lb3{sfnLg :gfo' /f]u xf] h'g

e'Ng', ;f]rljrf/ h:tf af}l4s sfo{ ug{ g;Sg' / JolQmut kl/jt{g eP/ b}lgs lqmof ug{ c;dy{

x'G5 .

-v_ l8d]lG;ofsf] kfFr kd'v lrGxx?

la;g]{ jf e'Ng] ;d:of x'G5 .

s'/fsfgL ug]{ Ifdtfsf] x|f; cfp5 .

xft v'6\6f rn]tfklg ;fdfGo sfd ug{ ;Sb}g .

s'g} of]hgf agfO{ To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug{ ;Sb}g .

-u_ l8d]lG;of /f]u s]xL d'Vo k|sf/x?

1. cNhfOd;{ cNhfOd;{ qmlds ?kdf a9\g] / :yfoL ?kn] lgsf] gx'g] /f]u xf] . o;n] ;f]Rg], ;Demg], lg0f{o

ug]{ tyf b}lgs ug'{ kg]{ sfdsf] Ifdtfdf qmlds ?kn] x|f; NofpFb5 . l8d]lG;of cGtu{t kg]{

cGo /f]ux?sf] t'ngf of] /f]u w]/}df b]lvg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . xfn g]kfndf &*))) cNhfOd;{sf

la/fdL /x]sf] cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

lgDg cj:yfdf cNhfOd;{ /f]usf] vt/f a9L x'G5 . j[4fj:yf

j+zf0f'ut

6fpsf]sf] rf]6k6s

pRr /Qmrfk

pRr sf]n]:6«f]n

dw'd]x

df]6f]kg

cNhfOd;{ /f]usf nIo0fx?

:d/0f zlStdf x|f; cfpF5 . ;fwf/0f lsl;dsf s'/f ug{, of]hgf agfpg / ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sb}g . kl/lrt a:t'x? lrGg ufx|f] x'G5 . s'/f ubf{ plrt zAbx? 5gf}6 ug{ ;Sb}g .

25

of] /f]unfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf lgsf] kfg{ ;lsb}g . pknAw ePsf cf}ifwLx?n] qmlds ?kdf a9\g] ;d:ofsf]

ultnfO{ sd dfq} ub{5 .

cNhfOd;{ /f]usf nfUg] ;Defjgf sd ug]{ pkfox? b}lgs Jofod cyjf of]u ug]{ .

zfGt / k|km'Nn /xg] .

cfjZos dfqfdf ;'Tg] .

;Gt'lnt cfxf/ lng] .

k|z:t kfgL lkpg] .

w'd|kfg, dBkfg tyf nfu'kbfy{sf]

;]jg gug]{ .

lgoldt :jf:Yo hfFr u/fpg] .

2. ef:s'/ l8d]lG;of l8d]]lG;ofsf] k|sf/x?df bf];|f] k|d'v k|sf/ ef:s'/ l8d]lG;of xf] . dlit:sdf /fd|f];Fu /ut

k|jfx geP/ b]vf kg]{ ljleGg nIo0fx?nfO{ ef:s'/ l8d]lG;of elgG5 . o;sf nIo0fx?

PSsf;L b]vf kb{5g\ . t/ o;nfO{ /f]syfd ug{ ;lsG5 .

ef:s'n/ l8d]lG;ofsf nIo0fx? dlit:sdf /ut k|jfx geO{ :6«f]s x'G5 .

:d/0f zlStdf x|f; cfp5 .

l/;fxf / lzlyn x'G5 .

cfÇgf] ablnbf] cj:yf af/] ;r]t x'G5 .

3. kfls{G;g :d/0f zlQmdf sdL cfO la:tf/} lg0f{o ug]{ Ifdtfdf x|f; cfpg], xft sfDg], lhp nÝ x'g] h:tf

;d:ofx? a9\b} hfg] /f]u g} kfls{G;g xf] . of] /f]u klg Ho]i7 gful/sx?nfO{ x'g] l8d]lG;of dWo]

Ps k|d'v xf] .

kfls{G;gsf] nIo0fx? :d/0f zlStdf x|f; cfp5 .

b]v]sf] s'/f Jotm ug{ ;Sb}g .

cfjfh sd x'b} hfG5 .

e|d x'G5 . gePsf] a:t', dfG5] b]lvG5 .

pbf;Lg x'g], rf8} l/; p7g], w]/} lrGtf lng] h:tf] dfgl;s ;d:ofx? b]vf k5{ .

lgbfpg ;d:of x'G5 .

26

Joj:yfkg l8d]lG;of /f]usf] nIf0f b]vfkgf{;fy :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fO{ ;'?jftL cj:yfd} pkrf/ u/fPdf

o;nfO{ s]xL xb;Dd lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

;'?jftL cj:yfd} 5 eg] s]xL cf}ifwLsf] ;]jgaf6 lj/fdLsf] ;Demgf zlQmdf j[l4 ug{ ;lsG5 .

/f]uLsf] af}l4s Ifdtfdf ;'wf/ Nofpg jf To;nfO{ sd x'g glbg ;Demgf zlQm a9fpg] ljleGg

y]/fkLsf] pkof]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

l8d]lG;ofsf af/]df /f]uL tyf :ofxf/ ug]{nfO{ /f]usf af/]df hfgsf/L lbg' kb{5 .

@=& a'9\of}nLdf b]vf kg]{ dfgl;s ;d:of (Psychological problems)

-s_ ljrf/ bf]xf]l/O/xg] /f]u (Obsessive-compussive disorder,OCD) kl/ro

;f]rfO;DaGwL Pp6f o:tf] dfgl;s /f]u 5 h;df grflxg] ;f]rfOx? Aff/Daf/ lbdfudf cfO/xG5g\ /

hlt ubf{ klg ltgnfO{ /f]Sg ;lsb}g, h;n] ubf{ pQm AolQmnfO{ olt si6 x'G5 ls To;sf] a0f{g ug{

g} ;lsb}g . sltnfO{ kTof/ g} nfUb}g o:tf] klg /f]u x'Gf ;S5 eg]/ . g]kfndf o; /f]uaf/] vf;}

cWoog ePsf] 5}g . t/ s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] b'O{ k|ltzt hg;ª\Vof o; /f]uaf6 kLl8t ePsf] dflgG5 .

of] /f]u h'g;'s} pd]/sf dflg;x?nfO{ klg nfUg ;Sb5 . t/ pd]/ ;d'x x]g]{ xf] eg] %) aif{ eGbf

dflysf] pd]/ ;d'xsf kLl8t al9 e]l6Psf] 5 . of] /f]usf] pTkltdf vf; k|sf/sf] AolQmTj tyf

cfg'j+lzs sf/0fx?sf] dxTj b]lvP klg o;sf] vf; sf/0f rflxF yfxf kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

ljrf/ bf]xf]l/O/xg] /f]u OCD dflgg] cfwf/x? pxL ljrf/ nuftf/ bf]xf]l/O/xg'

cfˆgf] ;f] ljrf/ cgfjZos xf] eGg] 1fg klg gx'g'

pQm ljrf/nfO{ hlt u/]klg lbdfuaf6 x6fpg g;Sg'

pkrf/ klxn] o; /f]unfO{ pkrf/ ug{ Psbd sl7g lyof] . lrlsT;flj1fgsf] pGglt;Fu} of] /f]usf] klg

pkrf/ ;Dej ePsf] 5 . cf}iflwsf] k|ofuåf/f nIf0fx? lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . cf}iflwsf] k|ofuåf/f

cfwf eGbf al9 /f]uLx?nfO{ 7Ls kfg{ ;lsG5 .

cf}iflw tyf dgf]j}1flgs pkrf/ k4ltsf] ;dfof]hgaf6 cem w]/}n] nfe xfl;n ug{ ;Sb5g\ . o;

/f]udf k|of]u ul/g] Ps lsl;dsf dgf]j}1flgs k4ltn] ljrf/x? lgoGq0f ug{ ;xfotf k'¥ofpF5g\ eg]

csf]{ k|sf/sf] k4ltn] ljrf/ cfPkl5 Jojxf/df ptfg}{ kg]{ cj:yfaf6 d'lQm k|fKt ug{ ;an kfb{5g\ .

o:tf k4ltx? b1 JolQmsf] lgu/flgdf dfq k|of]u ul/g' h?/L 5 lsgeg] oL tl/sfx? ckgfpFbf

;'?df cflQg] nIf0fx? Psbd} a8f ?kdf PSsfl; cfpg ;Sb5g\ h;sf] ;fdgf ug{ pkrf/stf{nfO{

lgs} s'zntfsf] cfjZostf kb{5 .

27

-v_ pbf;Lgtf (Depression) kl/ro

ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7g (WHO) cg';f/ l8k|];gPp6f ;fwf/0f dfgl;s ljsf/-/f]u_ xf] . la/fdLdf

6f]nfO/xg], emf]qmfO/xg] / ysfgsf] dxz'; eO/xg] ;d:of b]vfkb{5g\ . cfTd ljZjf;df sld x'g',

b'vL eO/xg', hLp uNg' / lgGb|fdf u8a9 x'g' h:tf nIf0fx? l8k|];g ePsf JolQmx?df b]vf kb{5g\ .

ljZjdf clxn] # s/f]8 dflg;x? o; ljsf/af6 kLl8t 5g\ . h;dWo] & k|ltzt hg;ª\Vof Hoi]7

gful/sx?sf] /x]sf] 5 .

pbf;Lgtfsf k|d'v sf/0fx¿ zf/Ll/s kl/jt{g

PSnf]kg

k/lge{/tf

cjsf; kl5sf] of]hgf gx'g'

al9 lrGtf lng'

gofF k|ljlw ;uF kl/lrt gx'g'

j+zfg'ut

pkrf/ tyf /f]syfd

cf}iflw ;]jg

dgf]j}1flgs pkrf/ k4lt÷dgf]—k/fd{z

-u_ PSsfl; ljgfsf/0f x'g] cToflws qf; (Panic Disorder) kl/ro PSsfl; ljgfsf/0f, ljgf k"j{ ;"rgf 8/ nfu]/ cfpg] o:tf] k|sf/sf] ;f:ofnfO{ Pannic attack elgG5

. of] Ps k|sf/sf] dfgl;s /f]u xf] . of] c+u|]hL gfdfs/0faf6 s] a'‰g ;lsG5 eg] o;df cflQg]

nIf0fx? PSsfl; attack sf] ?kdf cfpF5g\ . Pannic eGgfn] Psbd} lg;fl:;Psf] cj:yf eGg]

a'lemG5 . h;df 8/ / qf; olt w]/} x'Gt 5 ls slxn]sflxF t “ca d afFlRbg ls Sof xf], d dl/xfN5'

h:tf] 5 .” eGg] nfUb5 . d'VotM o; cj:yfdf d'6'sf] w8\sg t]h x'g], Zjf; /f]lsPsf] h:tf] nfUg],

xftv'§f nunu sfDg], hLp kl;g} kl;gf x'g] h:tf nIf0fx? s'g} Ps jf ;f] eGbf al9 nIf0fx? b]vf

kg{ ;Sb5g\ . Pannic attack x'g] JolQmx?nfO{ of] ;d:of s]lx ldg]sf] dfq x'g ;Sb5 . k|foM h;f] of]

/f]un] hfuf cj:yfdf /x]sf] JolQmx?nfO{ x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 eg] s;}nfO{ d:t ;'t]sf] cj:yfdf klg

o; /f]un] ;tfpg] / lgGb|faf6 Ao'FemfOlbg] u/]sf] kfOG5 .

of] cj:yf emG8} @Ü hg;ª\VofnfO{ ePsf] e]l6Psf] 5 . sd s8f / slxn]sfxLF x'g] o:tf ;d:ofx?

slxNo} lrlsT;s;fd' k'Ub}gg\ . lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsg] / pkrf/ ;+ej x'bfx'Fb} klg dflg;x? ;d:ofsf]

af]em lnP/ afFlr/x]sf x'G5g\ . s8f nIf0fx? x'Fbf / of] lgs} rfF8f]rfF8f] bf]xf]l/Pdf rfFlx cf}iflw pkrf/

cTofjZos g} x'G5 . lsgeg] To:tf] cj:yfdf pQm JolQmn] cfˆgf b}lgs sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ lgs}

sl7gfO x'G5 . ;'?;'?df PSsfl; cfpg] nIf0fx? afx]s cGo ;dodf s'g} ;d:of geP tfklg /f]u

la:tf/} l5lKkFb} uPkl5 Pannic attack afx]ssf cj:yfdf klg ca dnfO{ To:t} Attack km]l/ c'g] xf]

ls eg]/ nuftf/ qf; eO/xG5 / xNsf ?kdf cflQg] nIf0fx? /lx/xG5g\ .

28

sf/0fx? -!_ z/L/df Lactic acid a9L lqmofzLn ePdf,

-@_ /f;folgs tyf dgf]j}1flgs u8a8Ln] ubf{,

-#_ w]/} lrGtf lng] afgLn] ubf{ .

pkrf/ tyf /f]syfd !_ cf}iflw ;]jg

@_ dgf]j}1flgs k4lt

-3_ kL8fbfos 36gf kl5 pTkGg x'g] Ps ljz]if dfglzs /f]u (Post Tramatic Stress

Disorder, PTSD) kl/ro s'g} aLeT; 36gfdf k/]/ afFr]kl5 sltko dflg;x?nfO{ s]lx lbg of xKtfkl5 Pp6f o:tf] dfgl;s

;d:of ;'? x'g ;S5 h;df ;f] 36gfsf b[Zox? PSsfl; dfg;k6ndf cfpg] (Flashback), pQ]hgf

/ 56k6L Psbd} a9\g] (Hyperarousal) / ;f] :d[ltnfO{ x6fpg vf]Hg] (Avoidance) t/ k"0f{ ?kdf

;kmn gx'g] h:tf sf/0fn] oL nIf0f s]lx ldg]6 of 306f /x'Gh]n Psbd} ufx|f] dx;'; x'g] x'G5 .

aLeT; 36gf 36]sf] s]lx lbgkl5 36gfs} :d[lt;Fu ;DalGwt x'gfn] o; dfgl;s /f]unfO { Post-

traumatic stress disorder elgG5 . of] w]/}h;f] 36gf 36]sf] ^ dlxgfleq s'g} klg lbg ;'? eO{

s]lx dlxgfb]lv s]lx jif{;Dd nlDaG5 .

;'?df of] ;d:of o'4sf aLeT; 36gfdf k/]sf ;}lgsx?df j0f{g ul/P tfklg kl5 cGo b'3{6gfdf k/]/

hf]luPsf e'OFrfnf]df k/]sf tyf ljleGg ;f/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s oftgfsf lzsf/ ePsf JolQmx?df

klg e]l6of] . of] /f]u h'g;'s} pd]/sf dflg;nfO{ nfUg ;Sb5 . Ho]i7 gful/sx? cem} o;sf] pRr

hf]lvddf /x]sf 5g\ .

sf/0fx? !_ j+zfg'ut

@_ ;fgf] ;fgf] s'/fdf klg al9 lrGtf lng] afgLn]

#_ 36gfdf cfkm' ;f/Ll/s tyf dfgl;s b'j} lsl;dn] ;lDdlnt ePdf

$_ 36gfkZrft\ cfˆgf efjgf JoQm ug]{ cj;/ gkfPdf

%_ 36gfkZrft\ cfkm'nfO{ ;fy lbg] JolQm gePdf

pkrf/ tyf /f]syfd !_ cf}iflw ;]jg

@_ dgf]j}1flgs k4lt

@=* Ho]i7 gful/s :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;]jf sfo{qmd @)^! n] lbPsf] ;'ljwf Ps cfly{s jif{df b'O{ k6s;Dd ljkGg tyf c;xfo Ho]i7 gful/snfO{?=@))).– ;Dd pkrf/

/sd jf ;]jf lbg ;lsg]5, ljleGg If]qdf of]ubfg u/]sf, cfly{s cj:yf sdhf]/ ePsf Ho]i7

gful/snfO{ uDeL/ k|s[ltsf] /f]u nfu]df ?= %))).– ;Ddsf] :jf:Yo pkrf/ ;]jf pknAw

u/fpg ;lsg]5 .

29

g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] :jf:Yo ;]jf k|bfg ug{] ;+:yfn] ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] ;+Vofsf ljkGg Ho]i7

gful/snfO{ !=d'6', @= SofG;/, #=d[uf}nf, $= cNhfOd{; tyf kfls{G;g\ , %= cfFª v:g] /f]u dWo]

s'g} Ps /f]usf] pkfrf/df 5'6 lbg]5 .

&% jif{ dflysf ;a} Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ != d'6', @=d[uf}nf /f]usf] ;Dk'0f{ pkrf/;]jfdf 5'6 lbO{g]5

.

@=( Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ pkrf/df 5'6 lbg] g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf :jf:Yo ;+:yf / pkrf/ ul/g]

/f]ux?

सि.नं. स्वास््य िंस्थाहरुको नाम, ठेगाना रोगको नाम

१ चिकित्सा विऻान राष्ट्रिय प्रतिरठान, िीर अस्ऩिाऱ,

महाबौद्ध, िाठमाण्डौ क्यान्सर, मगृौऱा, मुटु, ऩाकिि न्सस,

अल्जाईमर, हेड ईन्जुरी र स्ऩाईनऱ

ईन्जुरी २ त्रि.वि.शिऺण अस्ऩिाऱ, महाराजगन्ज, िाठमाण्डौ क्यान्सर, मगृौऱा, मुटु, ऩाकिि न्सस,

अल्जाईमर, हेड ईन्जुरी र स्ऩाईनऱ

ईन्जुरी ३ ऩाटन स्िास््य विऻान प्रतिरठान, ऩाटन अस्ऩिाऱ,

ऱगनखेऱ, ऱशऱिऩुर क्यान्सर, मगृौऱा, मुटु, ऩाकिि न्सस,

अल्जाईमर, हेड ईन्जुरी र स्ऩाईनऱ

ईन्जुरी ४ वि.ऩी.िोइराऱा स्िास््य विऻान प्रतिरठान, धरान, सुनसरी क्यान्सर, मगृौऱा, मुटु, ऩाकिि न्सस,

अल्जाईमर, हेड ईन्जुरी र स्ऩाईनऱ

ईन्जुरी ५ ऩरोऩिार प्रसूति िथा स्िी रोग अस्ऩिाऱ, थाऩाथऱी,

िाठमाण्डौ क्यान्सर

६ िहीद गंगाऱाऱ हृदय रोग उऩिार िेन्र, बााँसिारी, िाठमाण्डौ

मुटु

७ तनजामति िमििारी अस्ऩिाऱ, शमनभिन, िाठमाण्डौ क्यान्सर, शसिऱसेऱ एतनशमया ८ मनमोहन िार्ड ियोथोराशसस भारिुऱर िथा िान्सप्ऱान्ट

सेन्टर, महाराजगन्ज, िाठमाण्डौ मुटु

९ वि.ऩी.िोइराऱा मेमोररयऱ क्यान्सर अस्ऩिाऱ, भरिऩुर, चिििन

क्यान्सर

१० मानि अङ्ग प्रत्यारोऩण िेन्र, भक्िऩुर मगृौऱा ११ ऩष्ट्चिमाञ्िऱ ऺेत्रिय अस्ऩिाऱ, ऩोखरा, िास्िीर हेमोडाइऱाइशसस

१२ नारायणी उऩ–ऺेत्रिय अस्ऩिाऱ, िीरगन्ज, ऩसाि हेमोडाइऱाइशसस

१३ राप्िी उऩ–ऺेत्रिय अस्ऩिाऱ, घोराही, दाङ्ग शसिऱसेऱ एतनशमया १४ िोिी अञ्िऱ अस्ऩिाऱ, विराटनगर, मोरङ्ग हेमोडाइऱाइशसस

30

;q #M Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox?

;xhstf{M k|sfz uf}td Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;+Vofdf cfPsf] j[l4;Fu} pgLx?sf] cj:yfnfO{ ;'wfg{ ;/sf/ nufot cGo u}/;/sf/L

;+:yfx? nflu k/]sf 5g\ . tL dWo] s]xL k|d'v dGqfnox? / u}x|;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f tn

pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

#=! dGqfonx? #=!=! dlxnf afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s dGqfno dlxnf afnaflnsf tyf Ho]i7 gful/s dGqfno Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] ljifodf lglt tyf sfo{qmdx?

lgdf{0f tyf sfo{Gjog ug]{ k|d'v dGqfno xf] . o; dGqfnodf Ho]i7 gful/s ;DalGw ljifox?nfO{ x]g{

5'6\6} zfvf :yflkt /x]sf] 5 .

s]xL k|d'v sfdx?

-s_ cfly{s kIf cfly{s tyf ;fdflhs l:yltsf cfwf/df Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ cfly{s ;'/Iff k|bfg ub{} cGo

;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] ;DjGwdf klg cWoog ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/sx¿nfO{ pknAw x'g] dfl;s eQf k|bfg ug{] k|lqmofnfO{ ;/n / ;xh jgfpg] .

/fli6«o lgj[lQe/0f of]hgfnfO{ ;fdflhs jLdf k|0ffnLsf] kl/k|]Ifdf tof/ ug{] af/] cWoog ul/

sfof{Gjog ug{] .

;Ifd pd]/sf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ pgLx¿sf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] cfod"ns sfo{qmddf ;l/s

u/fpg] kIfsf] cWoog ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] If]qdf ah]6sf] cfsf/df a[l4 ug]{ .

-v_ ;fdflhs ;'/Iff æHo]i7 gful/s k/fdz{ ;]jf s]Gb|Æ :yfkgf / ;+rfng ug{] .

Go"gtd dfkb08 lgwf{/0f u/L j[4f>dx¿sf] :yfkgf / ;+rfng ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] / kfFr

ljsf; If]qdf gd"gf j[4f>dsf] ljsf; ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf nflu lbjf ;]jf s]Gb (Day Care Center) :yfkgf, ;+rfng Pj+ ;'b[9Ls/0f

ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] nflu pko'Qm ;fdflhs ;'/Iff tyf ;]jfsf sfo{x¿ ug{ /fli6«o :t/ / lhNnf

:t/df æHo]i7 gful/s sNof0f sf]ifÆ sf] :yfkgf Pj+ ;+rfng ug{] .

;Mz'Ns j[4f>d ;+rfng ug{ ;+3 ;+:yf Pj+ lghL If]qnfO{ k|f]T;flxt ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ ;fdflhs ¿kdf ;Ddfg ug{] k/Dk/fnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg].

oftfoft / ;]jfsf cGo If]qdf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ z'Ns 5'6sf] Joj:yfsf nflu ;]jf

k|bfosnfO{ pTk]|l/t ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/sx¿ k|lt ;sf/fTds wf/0ff, ;Ddfg, dof{bf / bfloTj af]w af/] hgr]tgf clej[l4

ug{] u/fpg] .

cfsl:ds ¿kdf ;+s6df k/]sf Ho]i7 gful/sx¿sf] dof{bf / cfTd;'/Iffsf nflu k'gM:yf{kg

Pj+ k'gMPlss0f ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{] .

31

Ho]i7 gful/s eQf j|mlds?kdf j[l4 .

-u_ ;xeflutf / ;+nUgtfM Ho]i7 gful/sx¿ ;DjGwL sfo{s|dnfO{ s]Gb|Lo tyf :yfgLo :t/df ;dGjo Pj+ ;+of]hg ug{

Ho]i7 gful/s ;dGjo ;ldlt u7g, ;+rfng, Pj+ ;'b[9Ls/0f ug{] .

pd]/sf] sf/0fn] ;]jfjf6 cjsfz kfPsf Ho]i7 gful/sx¿nfO{ To;} ;]jfdf lghn] sfd ug{

rfx]df ;+Ifd pd]/;Dd cfj4 tyf ;ls|o /xg ;Sg] cj:yfsf] ;[hgf ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/s ;DjGwL sfd ug{] ;+:yfx¿ jLr ;dGjo /;]jfdf :t/Lotf Nofpg lg/Gt/

;'k/Lj]If0f / cg'udg ug{] .

/f]huf/L tyf ;]jfsf If]qx¿df b}lgs sfd ug{] ;do Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ ;d]t cg's"n x'g] u/L

sfo{ ;do ldnfg ug{] .

cGt/k':tfut ;dfh :yfkgfsf nflu nlIft ls|ofsnfk ;+rfng ug{]

oftfoftdf %)Ü 5'6, dgf]/~hg tyf cGo ;]jfdf 5'6, l;6 cf/If0f / ;x'lnot lbg] Joj:yf .

-ª_ z}lIfs tyf dgf]/~hgfTds kIf

dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f dGqfnon] Ho]i7 gful/ssf If]qdf y];L; ug{ / OG6g{

ug{ cg'bfg lbg z'? .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ dgf]/~hg tyf tf]lsPsf cGo If]qx¿df ljz]if 5'6 k|bfg ug{ ;]jf

k|bfosnfO{ pTk]|l/t ug{] .

Ho]i7 gful/s Snj :yfkgf u/L To;nfO{ k|jrgfTds, dgf]/~hgfTds Pj+ cWoog÷lrGtg

nufot cfˆgf] kIfdf jsfnt (Advocacy) ug{] d~rsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug{] .

pRr lzIffsf kf7\os|dx¿df Ho]i7 gful/s ;DjGwL (Gerontology) ljifo ;dfj]z u/L

cWoog, cWofkg u/fOg] 5 .

z}lIfs ;+:yfx¿df Ho]i7 gful/s ;DaGwL ljifo Pj+ Ho]i7 gful/ssf] cfb/ ;Ddfg a9fpg] .

kf7\o;fdu|L ;dfj]z ug{] . Ho]i7 gful/s :jo+;]jL sfo{s|dsf] ljsf; tyf lj:tf/ ug{] .

/fHoaf6 a[4f>d, Ho]i7 gful/s Snj lgdf{0f tyf ;~rfngdf ;xof]u tyf cg'bfg .

b]ze/ $ xhf/ eGbfal9 Ho]i7 gful/s Snj :yfkgf .

-r_ sfg"gL Joj:yfdf ;'wf/ Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xs lxt;+u ;DjlGwt P]g, lgodx¿sf] cWoog ul/ kl/dfh{g ug{] Pj+ ljleGg

5'6, ;'ljwf cflb k|bfg ug{ cfjZos sfg"gsf] th{'df ug{] .

ljleGg sf/fuf/df /x]sf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ sf/fuf/ Joj:yfkgdf ljz]if ;'ljwf lbg] tyf pd]/

cg';f/sf] ljz]if ;+nUgtf j9fpg] / ;DefJo ljifox¿df 5'6 k|bfg ug{] .

-5_ ljljw :yfgLo lgsfox¿jf6 Ho]i7 gful/s ;DjGwL ljj/0f (Database) lgoldt ;+sng Pj+

cBfjlws ug{] .

;j} If]qsf bL3{sfnLg of]hgf jgfpbf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] j9\bf] k|ltzt (Population of

Ageing) nfO{ Wofg lbg] .

32

Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu :jf:Yof]krf/, oftfoft dgf]/~hg / cGo ;]jfsf If]qx¿df 5'6, ;L6

cf/If0f, ;x'lnot cflb lbg] . ;+:yf tyf gLlh If]qnfO{ tf]lsP jdf]lhd ;x'lnot k|bfg ug{]

k|jGw ldnfpg] .

Ho]i7 gful/s ;DjGwL ;+:yf ;'b[9Ls/0f ug{] tyf Ho]i7 gful/s ;DjGwL sfo{ ug{ lghL

If]qnfO{ k|f]T;flxt / cfsif{0f ug{] .

;fj{hlgs :yn, ;8s, ejg cflb agfpFbf Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu ;d]t cg's"n / ;xh x'g]

u/L ;+/rgf (Universal Design) jgfpg] / ;'wf/sf nflu gLltut Joj:yf nufot hgr]tgf

sfo{s|d ;+rfng ug{] .

dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf] Ps hgf dfggLosf] sfo{If]qdf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] If]q ;dfj]; .

Ho]i7 gful/s ;DalGw ljBdfg sfg'g kl/dflh{t ug]{ sfo{df /fHo ;lj|mo .

/fHon] Ho]i7 gful/s kl/ro kq lbg] Joj:yf .

s]xL gePsf / sf]xL klg gePsf Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu k|To]s ljsf; If]qdf Ps Ps j6f Ho]i7

gful/s u|fd Joj:yf ug]{ . #=!=@ :jf:Yo dGqfno

nfdf] ;do;Dd pkrf/ tyf ;]jf :ofxf/ cfjZos kg]{ Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu k|To]s ;/sf/L

c:ktfndf Geriatric Ward jf j[4 jf8{ clgjfo{ ug]{ .

k|To]s If]qLo / c~rn c:ktfnx?df !) z}ofsf] Ho]i7 gful/s jf8{ :yfkgf ug]{ .

Ho]i7 gful/s :jf:Yo ljdf nfu" ug]{ .

d'6' /f]u, Sofg;/ h:tf lb3{/f]usf] pkrf/df &) jif{ gf3]sf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ lgz'Ns

:jf:Yof]krf/ .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ :jf:Yof]krf/df %)Ü 5'6 .

#=!=# hg;ª\Vof tyf jftfj/0f dGqfno Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] hg;ª\Vofsf] ;+/rgf cg'?k lasf;sf sfo{qmd tyf gLlt lgodx? lgdf{0f ug]{

#=!=$ ;+3Lo dfdnf tyf :yfgLo ljsfz dGqfno

:yfgLo lgsfo cGtu{t ;~rfng ul/g] ;a} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfddf Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf]

;xeflutf ;'lglZrt ug]{ .

Ho]i7 gful/s eQf ty ;fdflhs ;'/Iff eQf ;/n / ;'ne tl/sfn] k|bfg ug]{ .

:yflgo ;/sf/sf] sfo{qmddf Ho]i7 gful/s klxnf] k|fyldstfdf .

#=!=% lZfIff dGqfno k|fylds, dfWoflds, pRr dfWoflds / pRr lzIffsf] kf7\oj|mddf a"9\of}nL lzIff ;dfj]z .

pRr lzIff k|0ffnLdf Ho]i7 gful/s lj1fg (Gerontology) / Ho]i7 gful/s :jf:Yo lj1fg

(Geriatrics) sf] cWoog cWofkg z'? ug]{ .

Ho]i7 gful/s x]/rfx af/] 5f]6f] cjlwsf tflndx? ;+rfng ug]{ .

gl;{ª tyf lrlsT;f ;f:qsf] cWoogdf a'9\of}nL ljifo ;dfj]z .

33

#=@ ;+3 ;+:yf tyf lglh:t/af6 ul/Psf k|of;x? /fhg}lts 7"nf ;fgf ;a} bnsf] r'gflj 3f]if0ff kqdf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] d'2f ;dfj]; .

lghL:t/af6 ;'ljwf ;DkGg Ho]i7 gful/s cfjf; u[x vf]Ng] sfdn] Joj;foLs ?k lnFb} .

3/ 3/d} uP/ Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ :jf:o ;]jf tyf x]/rfx ug]{ sfdn] Joj;foLs ?k lnb} .

Ho]i7 gful/s lxtdf sfd ug]{ ;+3;+:yfsf] j[l4 .

;]jf k|bfos ;+3 ;+:yfn] lbg] ;]jfdf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ nfOg a:g gkg]{ / k|yfldstf lbg]

Joj:yf .

c;xfo lg;xfo lbg b'MvL Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ cfjf;Lo ;]jf lbg] ;+:yf v'Nb} .

;fdflhs?kdf Ho]i7 gful/snfO ;Ddfg ug]{ k/Dk/fsf] ljsf; .

Ho]i7 gful/s kqsfl/tfsf] ljsfz x'b} .

Ho]i7 gful/s ;flxTosf] ljsfz x'Fb} .

lglh:t/af6 Ho]i7 gful/s c:ktfn vf]Ng rf;f] k|s6 .

#=# Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu Gfful/s ;dfhn] ug'{ kg]{ sfdx? cfd ;~rf/sf dfWodx?n] Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xs–lxt / rf;f]sf ljifonfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{

hg;dIf k'¥ofpg] .

;flxTosf/, snfsf/, ;+uLt1 tyf cGo ;a} ;h{sn] Ho]i7 gful/ssf clwsf/, ;d:of /

rf;f]sf] s'/fnfO{ cf–cfkm\gf] ljwfdf l;h{gfsf] ljifo agfP/ ;dfhnfO{ dfu{bz{g ug]{ .

;fdflhs cleofgstf{n] cf–cfˆgf] sfo{ If]q df/xL Ho]i7 gful/ssf] ;d:of ;dfwfg /

;+efjgfsf] pkof]usf nflu ;DalGwt lgsfodf bjfj lbg'sf ;fy} hgr]tgf clej[l4 cleofg

;~rfng ug]{ .

;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] ;+u7gsf] ;+/rgf / ;+u7gsf sfddf ;Ifd Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ ;xefuL

agfpg] .

#=$ Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu ;fdflhs sfo{stf{x¿n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ cf–cfˆgf] sfo{If]qaf6 ;dfhdf of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf Ho]i7 gful/s, Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xslxtdf

sfo{/t ;dfh;]jL / cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ pTs[i6 ;]jf :ofxf/ ug]{ ;Gtltsf]

5gf}6 u/L pgLx?nfO{ ;fdflhs clegGbg ug]'{ .

;dfhdf ;a}} Ho]i7 gful/sk|lt ;Ddfg / ;xof]u u/]/ cfkm" c?sf nflu pbfx/0f aGg] .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ cgfb/ ug]{, b'Jo{jxf/ ug]{ / j]jf:tf ug]{nfO{ ;fdflhs ?kdf bl08t ug]{ .

;fy} ;Ddfg / ;xof]u ug]{nfO{ ;fdflhs k|lti7f lbnfpg] .

#=% Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu /fhgLlts bnx¿n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ ;a} /fhgLlts bnn] cf–cfˆgf r'gfjL 3f]if0fkqdf Ho]i7 gful/ssf ;d:of / ;DefjgfnfO{

;Daf]wg ug]{ vfnsf k|fjwfgx? ;dfj]z ug]{ .

/fhgLlts bnsf] ;+u7gdf Ho]i7 gful/s ljefu u7g ug]{ .

Ho]i7 gful/s ;DaGwL ;/sf/L gLlt lgod tyf sfo{j|mdx?sf] k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjogdf

;xof]u ug]{ .

34

#=^ Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu ;fj{hlgs ;]jf k|bfoL ;+:yfx¿n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ s/ tyf cGo ;]jf z'Ns ;+sng ug]{ sfof{nox¿df Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu 5'6\6} a:g] 7fpF,

sfp06/ / nfOgsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

xjfO{ ;]jf k|bfoL ;+:yfx?n] Po/kf]6{, l6s6 hf+Fr, ;'/Iff hfFr cflb ul/g] 7fpFdf Ho]i7

gful/ssf nflu 5'6\6} a:g] 7fpF, sfp06/ / nfOgsf] Joj:yf ug]{ / ;x'lnot ef8fb/ sfod

ug]{ .

;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf ;fwg -a; tyf 6\ofDkf] cflbdf_ Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu 5'6\6} l;6sf]

Joj:yf ug]{ / ;x'lnot ef8fb/ sfod ug]{ .

ljQLo ;+:yfx?df Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu 5'6\6} a:g] 7fpF, sfp06/ / nfOgsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .

#=& Ho]i7 gful/ssf nflu kl/jf/sf ;b:on] ug'{kg]{ sfdx?

cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] hLjg bz{g, d"No dfGotf, dg kg]{ / gkg]{ s'/f, afgL

cflbaf/] /fd|f] hfgsf/L /fVg] .

cfˆgf] kl/jf/sf Ho]i7 gful/ssf] plrt :ofxf/ ;]jfsf ;fy} l5d]sL kl/jf/df /x]sf Ho]i7

gful/ssf] l:yltdf klg rf;f] /fVg] .

kl/jf/sf ;a} 5nkmn tyf sfo{j|mddf ;xefuL agfpg] / ;Nnfx lng] .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ pgLx?sf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] lhDd]jf/L lbg] / ;lqmo /xg clek]|l/t ug]{ .

nfdf] ;do;Dd PsfGtdf emf]j|mfP/ a:g glbg] .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] xslxtdf sfo{/t ;+3;+:yfdf cfj4 u/fpg] .

3/ tyf l5d]ssf s]6fs]6LnfO{ a[4j[4f;Fu a9L ;do ljtfpg k|f]T;flxt ug]{, To:tf]

jftfj/0fsf] ;[hgf ug]{ .

Ho]i7 gful/s :ofxf/ ;]jf;DaGwL tflnd lng], kq klqsfdf ;f] ;DaGwL ;fdu|L k9\g] .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ cfjZos ;]jf ;'ljwfsf] ;"lr agfpg] .

x]/rfx / :ofxf/sf] lhDdf kl/jf/sf s'g} Ps ;b:onfO{ lbg] .

3/sf ;a} ;b:oaLr x]/rfx;DaGwL lhDd]jf/L afF8\g] .

Ho]i7 gful/ssf] kmf]6f], kmf]g gDa/, ljz]if :jf:Yo ;d:of, /ut ;d"x, pxfFnfO{ b]vfpg] u/]sf

d'Vo 8fS6/ / c:ktfnsf] gfd, x]/rfx ug]{ JolQmsf] gfd, 6]lnkmf]g cflb hfgsf/L ;lxtsf]

sfuh Ho]i7 gful/ssf] vNtLdf xd];f /fVg nufpg] .

Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ :ofxf/ ubf{sf cfˆgf cg'ejnfO{ lnlka4 /fVg] .

cfˆgf] cfosf] s]xL c+z lgoldt?kdf 3/sf Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ lbg] .

#=* Ho]i7 gful/s cfkm+}n] ug'{kg]{ sfdx? lgoldt Jofofd ug]{ / ;Gt'lnt cfxf/ lng] .

sDtLdf jif{sf] Ps k6s cfˆgf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug]{ .

cfkm"nfO{ ;fdflhs sfo{stf{ jf :jo+;]jssf] ?kdf lrgfpg] / kl/jf/ tyf ;d'bfodf ;lqmo

/xg] .

cfkm"nfO{ dgkg]{ ;+3 ;+:yfsf] ;lqmo ;b:o aGg] .

kl/jf/ ;~rfngdf cfOkg]{ sfdx?sf] lhDdf lng cu|;/ /xg] .

35

cfˆgf pd]/sf Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu lg/Gt/ ;Dks{df /xg] .

Ho]i7 gful/s ;DaGwL tflnd lng] / kq–klqsfdf ;f] ;DaGwL ;fdu|L k9\g] .

Ho]i7 gful/s / :ofxf/stf{ b'a}nfO{ ;lhnf] x'g] u/L a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .

Ho]i7 gful/sx?n] cfkm"n] hfg]sf] s'/f, l;k / cg'ejnfO{ lnlka4 ug]{ / csf]{ k':tfnfO{

l;sfpg k|of; ug]{ .

kl/jf/sf cGo ;b:osf] afgL tyf ?lr cg';f/sf] Jojxf/ ug]{ .

36

$=( Ho]i7 gful/sx?;Fu sfd ug]{ g]kfnsf s]lx u}x|—;/sf/L ;+:yfx?sf] ;+lIfKt kl/ro / sfo{x? qm=;

=

;+:yfsf] gfd sfo{If]q sfof{no k|d'v 7]ufgf

1. Plhª g]kfn

jsfnt, cg';Gwfg, k/fdif{, cfocfh{gsf

sfd, :ofxf/ tflnd, ;fd'lxs lqmofsnfk,

hgr]tgf clej[l4, cgf}krfl/s lzIff, nufot

cGo .

cWoIf

s[i0fd'/fl/ uf}td

kmf]g g+=)!–$*@!^@!

df]jfOn g+= (*%!)^$&)^

Od]n M ageingnep@gmail.com

gfufh'{g gu/kflnsf,@, kFx]nf] u'Daf sf7df8f}+

kmf]g g+= )!–$**)^@!

kf]i6 aS; g+= %($#

O{d]n Mageingnep@gmail.com

j]e ;fO{6 M www.ageingnepal.org

km];a's M

https://com/proudtobeold/www.faceboo

k.

2. xf]k xld{6]h

g]kfn

cNhOd;{, l8d]lG;ofsf If]qdfjsfnt,

cg';Gwfg, k/fdif{, :ofxf/ tflnd, :jf:Yo

hfFr, hgr]tgf clej[l4 nufot cGo .

cWoIf

k|ldnf ah|rfo{ yfkf

df]jfOn g+= (*%!)##%*)

Od]n M pramilapbt@gmail.com

sf7df8f}+, nflhDkf6, ;'o{d'lv dfu{{, 3/

g+=@!÷@, kmf]g g+= )!–$$#($$!

O{d]n M pramilapbt@gmail.com

j]e M http://hopehermitagenepal.org.np/

km];a's M Hope Hermitage

3.

Ho]i7 gful/s

dxf;+3

jsfnt, cg';Gwfg,k/fdif{ .

cWoIf

dbgbf; >]i7

kmf]g g+= )!–%@^)#$&

nlntk'/,z+vd'n, hutgf/fo0f dlGb/

kmf]g g+= )!%@^)#$&, kf]i6 aS; g+= @%#)

O{d]n M nascifnp@gmail.com

j]e ;fO{6 M www.nascif.org.np

37

4. lgM;xfo ;]jf

;bg -lg=;]=;_

kfngkf]if0f tyf ;+/If0f, :jf:Yo hfFr tyf

cf}iflw pkrf/, cfjf; ;'ljwf, ;fd'lxs

lqmofsnfk, lty{ e|d0f nufot cGo .

cWoIfM zu'g zfx

k|zf;lso clws[tM –k|]d pk|]tL

kmf]g g+=$!)&^#*

df]jfOn g+= (*$!#*)$!^

sf7df8f}+, zflGtgu/, afudtL lsgf/

kmf]g g+= $!)&^#*,

Od]n M yogesh.adhi03@gmail.com

5. ;f/ g]kfn

tflnd, :jf:Yo hfFr, ;fd'lxs lj|mofsnfk,

hgr]tgf, lty{÷e|d0f, cgf}krf/ls lzIff

cflb .

cWoIf

cf/tL kf}8]n

kmf]g g++= $$^(*)^

df]jfOn g++= (*$((!@&(%

Od]n M saarnepal@gmail.com

sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf, j8f g+= !),

:yfg÷6f]n M gofF afg]Zj/, yfkf ufpF kmf]g

g+= $$^(*)^,

km];a's Msaarnepal

Od]n M saarnepal@gmail.com

j]e ;fO{6 Mwww.saarnepal.org

6. g]kfn

;xefuLd"ns sfo{

;d'x -g]kfg_

jsfnt÷cg';Gwfg÷k/fdz{, tflnd cflb . lgb]{zs

kml6s yfkf

kmf]g g++= $!%$(#*

sf7df8f}+, bf]efg 6f]n, ;xof]uL dfu{

kmf]g g+= $!%$(#*,

kf]i6 aS; g++= !#&(!,

km];a's M NEPAN

Od]n M nepan@nepan.org.np

j]e ;fO{6 M www.nepan.org.np

7. k|f}9 sNof0f ;+3

g]kfn

:jf:Yo hfFr, ;fd'lxs lj|mofsnfk, hgr]tgf,

lty{÷e|d0f, ehg lst{g cflb .

cWoIf

b'uf{ s'j/

df]jfOn g++=(*$!@*#^@)

sf7df8f}+, b]jLgu/

df]jfOn g+= (*$!@*#^*)

Od]n M ishori.swar@gmail.com

38

8. dfgj ;]jf cf>d

p4f/, kfngkf]if0f, ;+/If0f, pkrf/ Pj+

kfl/jf/Ls k'gld{ng, :ofxf/ ;';f/,

cfocfh{gsf, sfd, tflnd, ;fd'lxs

lqmofsnfk, hgr]tgf, jsfnt÷cg';Gwfg

cflb .

s]Gb|Lo ;b:o÷lgb]{zs

;'dg atf}{nf

kmf]g g++M )!–$#%&%^#

df]jfOn g++=(*%%)&^))!

Od]n M ramjimanavsewa@gmail.com,

manavsewaashram2082@gmail.com

sf7df8f}+, ;fdfv';L, uf]Ëa' cfjf; dfu{

%

kmf]g g+ M )!–$#%&%^#

Od]n M

manavsewaashram2082@gmail.com

km];a's

Mwww.facebook.com/manavsewaashra

m.makwanpur

9. ;+sNk g]kfn

gLltut txdf njL tyf jsfng, ;+of]hg,

;/f]sf/jfnf If]q / ;d'bfodf hg r]tgf

d"ns sfo{qmdx¿, cfjf; ;'ljwf, cg';Gwfg

cflb .

;+:yfsf] k|d'v M cWoIf

sdnf k/fh'nL

df]jfOn g++= (*%!)!^!&@

Od]n M kparajuli25@gmail.com

sf7df8f}, sf]6]Zj/, sf]6b]jL dfu{, 3/ g+=

*!)÷&!,

kmf]g g+= )!%!$(%)$

O{d]n M sankalpanepal@gmail.com

j]e ;fO{6 M www.sankalpanepal.org.np

10. lazfn ldng

s]Gb|, Ho]i7

gful/s rf}tf/L -

la=ld=s]_

;fd'lxs lqmofsnfk, hgr]tgf, lty{÷e|d0f,

:jf:Yo hfFr cflb .

;+of]hs Ho]i7 gful/s rf}tf/L pk;ldlt

l8NnL laqmd a:g]t

kmf]g g++=)!–$$@^%&@

df]jfOn g++= (*%!)(%@@(

Od]n M dilli9851@gmail.com

sf7df8f}+, lazfngu/,afnldng dfu{

kmf]g g+= )!$$$)(@#

O{d]n M bishalmilankendra

2043@gmail.com

$=$ 5nkmn v08

39

$=% d"Nofª\sg kmf/d

pko'Qm nfu]sf] pQ/df /]hf -√ _ nufpg'xf];\ .

1. o; cGt/lqmof sfo{qmddf ;dfj]z ljifo tkfOsf] nflu sltsf] pkof]uL lyP <

s_ w]/} pkof]uL v_ l7s} u_ vf;} pkof]uL nfu]g

2. ;xhstf{x?sf] k|:t'tL tkfOnfO{ s:tf] nfUof] <

s_ w]/} /fd|f] v_ /fd|f] u_ l7s} 3_ /fd|f] nfu]g ª_ ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{

olb ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ eP s] s] df ;'wf/ ug'{knf{

s_======================================================================

v_=====================================================================

u_=====================================================================

3. o; cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf] ;do Aoj:yfkg tkfOnfO{ s:tf] nfUof] <

s_ w]/} nfdf] eof] v_ l7s 5 u_ 5f]6f] eof]

4. o; ;qdf k|of]u u/LPsf] ;fdu|Lx? tkfOnfO{ s:tf] nfUof] <

s_ w]/} k|efjsf/L v_ l7s} u_ vf;} k|efjsf/L nfu]g

5. ;du|df !÷! ;qnfO{ d"Nofª\sg ubf{ %—!) df slt gDa/ lbg'x'G5 <-lbg] gDa/df /]hf √ nufpg'; ._

;q ! M Ho]i7 gful/ssf /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o d'2f g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg / clwsf/

% ^ & * ( !)

;q @ M Ho]i7 gful/s dfly x'g] b'Jo{jxf/ pgLx?sf] :jf:Yo / x]/rfx

% ^ & * ( !)

;q # M Ho]i7 gful/s;Fu ;DalGwt lgsfox?

% ^ & * ( !)

^= cGo s]lx /fo jf ;'emfj ePdf

==============================================================================================================================

==

40

References

Ageing Nepal. 2017. Voice of Senior Citizens, (Jan. to August 2017)

Ageing Nepal. 2017. Year Book of Senior Citizens

Government of Nepal.2015. The Constitution of Nepal

Ministry of Health and Population.2013. Source Book of Senior Citizens

Ministry of Health and Population. 2013. Training Directory Programme

Book of Senior Citizens Management

UNFPA Nepal and HelpAge International. 2017. Ageing in the Twenty-First

Century: A Celebration and A Challenge

UNFPA Nepal. 2017. Population Situation Analysis of Nepal (With Respect

to Sustainable Development)