Houlin Zhao Deputy Secretary-General, ITU ICT Innovation and ITU International Telecommunication Union At the 10 th China Beijing International High Tech

Houlin ZhaoDeputy Secretary-General, ITU

ICT Innovation and ITUICT Innovation and ITU

International Telecommunication Union

At the 10th China Beijing International High Tech Expo International Forum on China High-Tech Development

Beijing, 25 May 2007


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Telecommunication system development1837: Invention of telegraph1876: Bell patent his telephone invention1895: First radio relay system1902: First radio transmissions of the human voice1920: Sound-broadcasting by Marconi company1957: First satellite1963: First telecommunications satellite

Telephone switching systems1935-1950: Cross-bar1950-1960: Research electronic switching1960: Software production1965-1975: 1st generation, space-division SPC1970-1985: Time-division digital centralized SPC1980-: Time-division digital distributed SPC

Evolution of telecommunication systems


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Electronic computer generations1945: 1st generation, with tubes1958: 2nd generation, with transistors1963: 3rd generation, with integrated circuits1975: 4th generation, with microprocessors1990s: 5th generation, with artificial intelligence

Semi-conductor / solid state components generations1950: Transistors1970: Integrated circuits1975: LSI (Large Scale Integration)1980: VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

Evolution of computer technologies


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Telegraph: Morse Code telegraph telex (wireless) (wired + wireless)

Telephone: analogue digital IP Telephony

Network Switch: manual, automatic (mechanic), SPC (circuit switch, packet switch),ISDN/B-ISDN, TMN, NGN

Data: PSS, connectionless, internet

Transmission: cable, submarine cable, optical fibre, microwave, radio; broadband, PCM, DSL, LAN, DWDM, CWDM, TDM, SDH, FR, ADPCM, OTN, PON, GPON

Coding: Voice coding, fax coding, still image coding, moving image coding (MPEG)

TV: black and white, colour, high definition TV, digital TV, Cable TV, IPTV

Mobile/cellular: analogue, digital (GSM, CDMA), IMT-2000 (3G), Mobile TV

Radio: SOS, VHF/UHF, LF/MF broadcasting, satellite, space communications

Languages: CHILL, TTCN, ASN.1, etc.

Other areas: QoS, security, numbering and addressing, tariff and accounting, etc.

New topics:

LAN, WLAN, Wi-Fi, WiMax, ENUM, IPv6, Universal access, Multilingual internet

Home networking , IPTV, RFID

also

Spam, virus, phishing, hackers, …

Telecommunications technology evolution


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Standards 27,3 %

The average annual economic growth in Germany between 1960 and 1990 was 3,3 %.

By DIN

Capital 48,5 %

Licenses 15,2 %

Patents 3,0 % Labour

6,0 %

Economic growth is highly influencedby standards


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1837 Invention of the first electric telegraph1844 Samuel Morse sent his first public message over a telegraph Iine

between Washington and Baltimore17 May 1865 Foundation of the “International Telegraph Union” with the

adoption of the “First International Telegraph Convention”1876 Alexander Graham Bell patents his invention of the telephone1906 First “International Radiotelegraph Convention” signed1924 Paris - Creation of CCIF (International Telephone Consultative

Committee)1925 Paris - Creation of CCIT (International Telegraph Consultative

Committee)1927 Washington - Creation of the CCIR (Intl. Radio Consultative

Committee)1932 Madrid - Plenipotentiary Conference. Telegraph Union changes

name toInternational Telecommunication Union

1947 ITU becomes a Specialized Agency of the United Nations1956 Geneva - CCIF and CCIT merged into CCITT (International

Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee)1992 Geneva - Plenipotentiary Conference. Creation of 3 Sectors:

ITU-T replaces CCITT, ITU-R replaces IFRB, CCIR, and ITU-D replaces TCD

ITU Landmarks


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China joined ITU in 1920People’s Republic of China resumed its rights in ITU

as of May 1972Ministry of Information Industry is a recognized

Chinese Administration in ITUChina is a member of ITU Council (46 members)7 Sector Members including:

Alcatel Shanghai Bell, China Mobile, China Netcom, China Telecom, China Unicom, Huawei and ZTE are ITU Sector Members

6 Sector Members from Hong Kong, 3 from MacaoChinese Universities: BUPT; NUPT; XUPT; Zhejiang

University; Tsing Hua University, etc…Mr. Houlin Zhao, Director of TSB since 1999 and

Deputy Secretary-General since January 2007

China in ITU


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Phase I – 1973-1980s: Learning period Learning, observing, collecting information; very few contributions A few experts nominated as Vice-Chairmen of SGs in 1980s

Phase II – 1990s: Transition period More contributions, more delegates (individuals often changed) One expert was nominated as Chairman of SG 12 in 1996 Mr. Zhao was elected as Director of TSB in 1998

Phase III – 2000: Active period Chinese nominated as Vice-Chairman of ITU-T SG 4 at WTSA-2000, Montreal,

Canada TD-SCDMA accepted as one IMT-2000 technology in ITU-R Recommendations in

2000 IP over SDH (Rec. X.85) approved in 2000, Geneva, Switzerland Chinese expert nominated as Vice-Chairman of ITU-R SG 1, Istanbul, Turkey Mr. Zhao re-elected in 2002 China elected as Vice-Chairman of WTSA-04, Florianópolis, Brazil Five Chinese experts were nominated as Vice-Chairmen of various ITU-T SGs at

WTSA-04 More substantial contributions; more delegates (Chinese delegations become No. 1

from Asia, and often No. 2 after the US delegations; Huawei, ZTE, China Telecom, etc. very active)

CCSA, AVS and another forum in China established a status with ITU-T under ITU-T Rec. A.4, A.5 and A.6

Phase IV: Among leaders?

Chinese experts in ITU


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- World’s most respected companies (50): Microsoft (1), IBM (5),Siemens (10), Dell (11), Sony Ericsson (18), Nokia (25), Cisco (30), Samsung (32)

- World’s most respected business leaders (50): Zhang Ruimin, Haier (26)

- Best for shareholder value (10): Microsoft (1), IBM (9)

- Best turnaround (10): IBM (3), Microsoft (5), Samsung (9)

- Best for customer service (10): IBM (3), Microsoft (4)

- Best for innovations (10) nominated by CEOs: Microsoft (1),Sony Ericsson (5), IBM (6), Nokia (9), Samsung (10)

- Best for innovations (10) nominated by fund managers:Microsoft (1), Nokia (10)

Rankings (2005 vs 2004) of “Financial Times”18 November 2005


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See you in ITU, GenevaThank you

Houlin ZhaoITU Deputy [email protected]: +41 22 730 5595Fax: +41 22 730 5137

Documents

Houlin Zhao Deputy Secretary-General, ITU ICT Innovation and ITU International Telecommunication Union At the 10 th China Beijing International High Tech