Human Organ SystemsHuman Organ Systems

The Respiratory The Respiratory SystemSystem

FunctionFunction

The respiratory The respiratory systems main job is systems main job is gas exchange.gas exchange.

The respiratory The respiratory system supplies your system supplies your body with oxygen body with oxygen needed for needed for respiration.respiration.

The respiratory The respiratory system also works to system also works to remove CO2 gas.remove CO2 gas.

Function cont.Function cont.

Your respiratory works with other organ Your respiratory works with other organ systems to help you maintain systems to help you maintain homeostasis.homeostasis.Digestive and Circulatory: Respiratory system Digestive and Circulatory: Respiratory system

works with these two systems to provide the works with these two systems to provide the raw materials for cellular respiration.raw materials for cellular respiration.

Excretory system: The respiratory system Excretory system: The respiratory system aids in the removal of metabolic wastes: COaids in the removal of metabolic wastes: CO22 and Hand H22OO

ComponentsComponents Nose: Nose is the primary Nose: Nose is the primary

entry and exit site of gases in entry and exit site of gases in the body. Mucous and Cilia the body. Mucous and Cilia (fine hairs) help to moisten and (fine hairs) help to moisten and filter the air you breath.filter the air you breath.

The air is also warmed as it The air is also warmed as it passes through your nasal passes through your nasal passageways.passageways.

Mouth: Secondary entry and Mouth: Secondary entry and exit site for gases. Important exit site for gases. Important especially during physical especially during physical exertion when the body needs exertion when the body needs more Omore O22 and is producing more and is producing more COCO22..

Pharynx, Larynx and TracheaPharynx, Larynx and Trachea Once the air leaves your Once the air leaves your

nose or mouth, it next nose or mouth, it next travels into your Pharynx travels into your Pharynx (Throat).(Throat).

Next the air passes Next the air passes through your larynx through your larynx (Voicebox)(Voicebox)

The air then travels past The air then travels past a protective flap on tissue a protective flap on tissue called the epiglottis, and called the epiglottis, and into your trachea into your trachea (Windpipe). (Windpipe).

The trachea carries the The trachea carries the air into your lungs.air into your lungs.

LungsLungs Another important Another important

component of the component of the respiratory system are respiratory system are the lungs.the lungs.

The lungs are lobed air The lungs are lobed air sacs that are found in the sacs that are found in the thoracic cavity.thoracic cavity.

The right lung has 3 The right lung has 3 lobes, the left lung has 2.lobes, the left lung has 2.

They are surround by a They are surround by a thin membrane called the thin membrane called the Pleura.Pleura.

Air vesselsAir vessels

You trachea splits off into two large air You trachea splits off into two large air tubes calledtubes called the left and right Bronchi. the left and right Bronchi.

The bronchi branch off to form smaller The bronchi branch off to form smaller tubules called bronchiolestubules called bronchioles

The bronchioles get even smaller and end The bronchioles get even smaller and end up in small grapelike bundles called up in small grapelike bundles called alveoli.alveoli.

It is at the alveoli that gas exchange It is at the alveoli that gas exchange occurs.occurs.

A two-way streetA two-way street Unlike your digestive system, Unlike your digestive system,

your respiratory system only your respiratory system only one point of entry and exit.one point of entry and exit.

Air flows into your body is this Air flows into your body is this order.order.Nose or mouth Nose or mouth Pharynx Pharynx Larynx Larynx Trachea Trachea left or left or right bronchi right bronchi bronchioles bronchioles Alevoli.Alevoli.

o It leaves your body through the It leaves your body through the same structures just in reverse same structures just in reverse order.order.

Air pressureAir pressure

The air flows into and out The air flows into and out of your lungs due to of your lungs due to differences in air pressure differences in air pressure inside and outside your inside and outside your lungs.lungs.

Every breath you take has Every breath you take has two components, an two components, an inhalation, and an inhalation, and an exhalation.exhalation.

Inhalation requires energy Inhalation requires energy while exhalation does not.while exhalation does not.

““I never inhaled” –I never inhaled” –B. ClintonB. Clinton

When you inhale, a large muscle located at the When you inhale, a large muscle located at the bottom of your lungs called the diaphragm bottom of your lungs called the diaphragm contracts.contracts.

When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls When the diaphragm contracts, it pulls downward on your lungs, causing them to downward on your lungs, causing them to increase in volume.increase in volume.

As volume is increased, the air pressure inside As volume is increased, the air pressure inside you lungs decreases.you lungs decreases.

The air moves from high pressure (outside) to The air moves from high pressure (outside) to low pressure (inside)low pressure (inside)

Waiting to exhaleWaiting to exhale

When you relax your diaphragm it allows When you relax your diaphragm it allows the lungs to go back to their relaxed state.the lungs to go back to their relaxed state.

The lungs lose volume which causes the The lungs lose volume which causes the air pressure to increase.air pressure to increase.

This increase in air pressure causes the This increase in air pressure causes the air in your lungs to be forced out of your air in your lungs to be forced out of your body.body.

Breathing summaryBreathing summary

Inhalation: Volume of lungs increases, air Inhalation: Volume of lungs increases, air pressure decreases, air flows in.pressure decreases, air flows in.

Exhalation: Volume of lungs decreases, Exhalation: Volume of lungs decreases, air pressure increases, air flows out.air pressure increases, air flows out.

Also aiding in this process are muscles Also aiding in this process are muscles between your ribs called intercoastals.between your ribs called intercoastals.

The intercoastals help increase the The intercoastals help increase the volume of your lungs by expanding the rib volume of your lungs by expanding the rib cage during inhalation.cage during inhalation.

VideoVideo

Lets watch a short video that will give us a Lets watch a short video that will give us a good look at what happens everytime we good look at what happens everytime we breathe in, and breathe out.breathe in, and breathe out.

Respiratory system videoRespiratory system video