IBM System X Rack Virtualization Sizing Guide 09.11

1

IBM Blade Center Virtualization Sizing GuideVirtualization insights based on customer consolidation studies conducted by IBM

All Rights Reserved | © 2011 IBM Corporation | IBM and Business Partner Seller Use Only - Not to be left with customers

IntroductionThis Virtualization Sizing Guide provides general recommendations for server consolidation ratios applicable to

IBM System x servers. The recommendations are based on server utilization statistics from thousands of

deployed physical servers that were targeted for physical-to-virtual (P2V) consolidation. The guide provides the

number of recommended virtual machines to consolidate on host servers with different configurations based on

choice of processor and total system memory capacity. The guide is organized as follows:

Virtualization Sizing Insights These insights were derived from analysis of the workload characteristics of servers in the IBM customer server

consolidation study database. They provide guidance when sizing for virtualized workloads.

Virtualization Sizing Consolidation Zones (Tables A1-A9)Tables A1-A10 are used to estimate the number of virtual machines recommended for each of the target

servers based on tangible and intangible workload utilization characteristics. Customer results may vary

depending on the characteristics of their specific workloads.

Numerical Sizing Guides (Tables B1-B9)Tables B1-B10 extend Tables A1-A9 by providing the numerical details for the number of recommended virtual

machines. The notes next to Tables B1-B9 explain the numerical values and the limiting constraints.

Consolidation Parameters for Source Workloads (Table C)Table C summarizes the workload characteristics based on IBM server consolidation studies involving

thousands of servers in the IBM customer server consolidation study database. These workload characteristics

represent the utilization metrics of workloads typically targeted for server consolidation. The recommended

numbers of virtual machines in Tables A1-A9 and B1-B9 are based upon workloads with these characteristics.

The server consolidation ratios in this guide are not comparable to ratios in previous guides.

Memory and CPU Headroom (Table D and Figures A and B) The required amounts of CPU and Memory Headroom were statistically derived from the server consolidation

study workload characteristics. They provide sufficient reserve capacity to ensure that the number of

recommended virtual machines does not over-utilize the target host server platform.

DisclaimerThe information in the following document represents the conclusions of IBM from testing and analysis of

systems in a controlled environment. Actual environmental costs and performance characteristics will vary

depending on individual customer configurations and conditions. IBM makes no representation or warranty that

an individual user will achieve results equivalent to the levels stated in this document.

Version : Sept 2011

2



Virtualization Sizing InsightsThese insights were derived from analysis of the workload characteristics of servers in the customer server

consolidation study database. They provide guidance for sizing virtualized workloads.

1. Server Memory and CPU HeadroomIt is important to plan headroom, or server capacity held in reserve, for peak periods of operation when some consolidated workloads require greater server resources than average or steady-state periods of operation. To calculate the recommended amount of Memory and CPU headroom, IBM considered the variation between average and peak server resource requirements for each consolidated workload and statistically analyzed the probability that workloads would simultaneously reach peak utilization. The amount of CPU headroom varies based on the number of CPU cores and also on whether Intel hyper-threading is enabled. Less CPU headroom is needed as the number of CPU cores increases. See Table D and Figures A and B for details. The recommended number of virtual machines in the Sizing Guide already reserves the server memory and CPU headroom applicable to each configuration.

2. Memory Capacity versus CPU Utilization ConstraintsCPU utilization is typically not the primary constraint for consolidated workloads. Memory capacity is often the primary constraint to adding more virtual machines on a consolidated host server. See Tables B1-B11 for recommended consolidation results derived from IBM’s analysis of Average and Peak utilization workload characteristics from the Server Consolidation Studies (see Table C).

3. Memory SpeedThe speed at which the memory DIMMs operate is affected by factors such as the number of DIMMs populated on the processor memory channels or the Intel processor Quick Path Interconnect (QPI) frequency. For Intel EP class processors, populating three memory DIMMs on a memory channel generally results in memory being clocked at a slower speed than if only two memory DIMMs were populated on the memory channel. For Intel EP and EX class processors, the QPI frequency can range from 6.4 GT/s to 4.8 GT/s. The maximum memory speed can be a function of the QPI frequency. The effect on performance of the number of memory DIMMs per memory channel and the processor QPI frequency has been factored into the sizing guide consolidation results.

4. Effect of Intel Hyper-threading on CPU HeadroomEnabling Intel hyper-threading improves server consolidation performance for most commercial applications. To reflect this performance benefit in the core-based CPU Headroom defined in Table D and Figure B, a host server with hyper-threading enabled should use the CPU Headroom corresponding to a host server with 25% more CPU cores. For example, a host server with 8 CPU cores and hyper-threading enabled should use the CPU Headroom metric corresponding to a server with 10 CPU cores. Less CPU Headroom is needed when hyper-threading is enabled.

5. Peak Utilization versus Average UtilizationTo correctly size the number of virtual machines suitable for a specific host server, it is important to understand the characteristics of the workloads being consolidated. Consider the Average and Peak utilization of the processor, memory, disk I/O and network I/O required by the pre-consolidation workloads. Tables B1-B11 show the recommended number of virtual machines based on both Average and Peak levels of hardware utilization.

6. Hypervisor Limits

The virtualization sizing guides reflect potential consolidation ratios of the server hardware based on workloads derived from the IBM Server Consolidation Studies. In some cases, the number of recommended virtual machines can exceed a hypervisor software limit. VMware vSphere and Microsoft Hyper-V currently have maximum virtual machine limits of 320 and 384 VMs, respectively. Be aware of all hypervisor software limitations when reviewing the Consolidation Zone graphs and the Numerical Sizing Guides.

7. Consolidation Zones

Beyond analysis of the tangible Average and Peak hardware utilization characteristics of typical server consolidation workloads, IBM has defined three Consolidation Zones that provide guidance for a range of consolidation ratios that also considers the intangible workload characteristics such as tolerance for performance degradation and workload predictability. Use the factors in the Consolidation Zone Assessment Table (next page) to determine the Consolidation Zone: Aggressive, Moderate or Conservative Consolidation.

3


Virtualization Consolidation Zones

Consolidation Zone Assessment Table

When determining the Consolidation Zone to use for sizing the number of virtual machines a host server can support, consider the following

factors pertaining to the business and workload characteristics of the customer environment:

• BUSINESS CRITICALITY – Consider the role or usage model of the consolidated host server.

• Development - A server used for development, testing, or QA

• Production-regular - A production server that can tolerate hours of down time

• Production-important - A production server that can tolerate up to an hour of down time

• Production-mission critical - A production server that can only tolerate minimal down time (minutes)

• Production-clustered - A mission critical server that is currently clustered

• AGE OF SERVERS – Consider the age of the pre-consolidation server when evaluating the measured CPU utilization statistics. Older servers

may have “Moderate to High” CPU utilization. However, their processing capacity may be a small fraction of more modern servers.

• TYPE OF WORKLOAD – Heavyweight workloads run optimally on physical servers that can scale-up processors and memory capacity,

whereas Lightweight workloads can run well on servers with less processors and memory capacity and where the servers can be scaled out.

• CPU UTILIZATION – Consider the CPU utilization of the pre-consolidation server but relative to its age. For servers less than than 3 years old,

CPU utilization less than 10% is considered low. For servers more than 5 years old, discount the measured CPU utilization since it will equate

to a small fraction of a modern server’s CPU utilization.

• MEMORY FOOTPRINT – Consider the actual memory used by a workload and not the physical memory installed on the server.

• DISK I/O – Consider the average amount of Disk I/O that a workload requires.

• NETWORK I/O – Consider the average amount of Network I/O that a workload requires.

• WORKLOAD PREDICTABILITY – Consider the variability of a workload’s requirement for server resources.

• TOLERANCE FOR PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION – Consider Quality of Service Agreements for response-time criteria, number of

concurrent users, etc. Determine if the workload can tolerate increased latency during periods of Peak utilization.

• DESIRED CONSOLIDATION RATIO – Consider the customer preference for the number of virtual machines to consolidate on a host server.

• VIRTUALIZATION EXPERIENCE – Consider the customer’s experience with virtualization technology to determine their readiness to pursue

more aggressive consolidation ratios. Customers without prior virtualization consolidation experience may prefer to limit the number of

workloads operating on a single host server. Experienced customers may have the internal business processes in place to support higher

consolidation ratios.


4


2-P Workloads Consolidated in Virtual Machines with a Single

Virtual Processor (1 vCPU)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

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HS

22V

1P

2 D

IMM

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Mem

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Ch

an

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Number of VMs

Table A1 (Part 1 of 2) HS22 & HS22V 1P with 2 DIMMs per channel


Disclaimer : The workloads associated hardware utilization data and the consolidation data described are representative of the server population that was analyzed in the IBM server consolidation study. The workloads and data are not intended to represent a specific customer environment. To arrange a customized IBM server consolidation study, contact your IBM Sales representative.

Notes :

1. For consolidation efforts, consider the amount of resources required for the workloads during peak demands. The separate CPU and Memory headroom rules were defined to account for reserve capacity to handle peaks in utilization from unpredictable workloads.

2. The table is not an indication of the maximum number of virtual machines, but a recommendation based on the Virtualization Sizing Guidance found in this document.

3. For server specifications see the latest IBM Configuration and Options Guide, URL : http://www-03.ibm.com/servers/eserver/xseries/library/configtools.html


Legend

Conservative Consolidation

Moderate Consolidation

Aggressive Consolidation

5


Table B1 (Part 1 of 2) HS22 & HS22V 1P with 2 DIMMs per channel

Numerical Sizing Guide


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation

1S Intel® Xeon® X5690 3.46 GHz 6C 24 GB 4 / MEM 6 / MEM

1S Intel® Xeon® X5690 3.46 GHz 6C 48 GB 6 / MEM 12 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® X5690 3.46 GHz 6C 96 GB 12 / MEM 24 / MEM



















1S Intel® Xeon® E5649 2.53 GHz 6C 24 GB 4 / MEM 6 / MEM

1S Intel® Xeon® E5649 2.53 GHz 6C 48 GB 6 / MEM 12 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® E5649 2.53 GHz 6C 96 GB 12 / MEM 24 / MEM



1S Intel® Xeon® L5640 2.26 GHz 6C 24 GB 4 / MEM 6 / MEM

1S Intel® Xeon® L5640 2.26 GHz 6C 48 GB 6 / MEM 12 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® L5640 2.26 GHz 6C 96 GB 12 / MEM 24 / MEM





HS

22 &

HS

22V

1P

2 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

6




0 5 10 15 20 25

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

24 GB

48 GB

1S

Inte

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Xeon®

E5620

2.4

0 G

Hz

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6

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HS

22V

1P

2 D

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s P

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Mem

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Ch

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Number of VMs




Notes :




Legend





7



Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual

machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The

constraints are as follows : MEM –Memory, CPU – Processor.

Table B1 (Part 2 of 2) HS22 & HS22v 1P with 2 DIMMs per channel



Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation






1S Intel® Xeon® E5607 2.26 GHz 4C 96 GB 10 / CPU 22 / MEM















1S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 24 GB 3 / MEM 5 / MEM












HS

22 &

HS

22V

1P

2 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Channel

8



Notes :






0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB

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Legend




Table A2 (Part 1 of 3) HS22V 1P with 3 DIMMs per channel


9


Table B2 (Part 1 of 3) HS22V 1P with 3 DIMMs per channel



Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation



1S Intel® Xeon® X5690 3.46 GHz 6C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel® Xeon® X5690 3.46 GHz 6C 144 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM






























1S Intel® Xeon® E5649 2.53 GHz 6C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel® Xeon® E5649 2.53 GHz 6C 144 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM

HS

22V

1P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

10




0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB18 GB36 GB72 GB

1S

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6

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Xeon®

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2.6

6

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Xeon®

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1S

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Xeon®

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HS

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Mem

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Ch

an

nel

Number of VMs




Notes :




Legend





11





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the

constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows : MEM –Memory, CPU – Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation



1S Intel® Xeon® X5647 2.93 GHz 4C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel® Xeon® X5647 2.93 GHz 4C 144 GB 15 / CPU 32 / MEM



1S Intel® Xeon® L5640 2.26 GHz 6C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel® Xeon® L5640 2.26 GHz 6C 144 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM






1S Intel® Xeon® E5630 2.53 GHz 4C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel® Xeon® E5630 2.53 GHz 4C 144 GB 14 / CPU 32 / MEM












1S Intel® Xeon® E5603 1.60 GHz 4C 72 GB 6 / CPU 16 / MEM 1S Intel® Xeon® E5603 1.60 GHz 4C 144 GB 6 / CPU 26 / CPU









HS

22V

1P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Channel

12




0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

18 GB

36 GB

72 GB

18 GB

36 GB

72 GB

18 GB

36 GB

72 GB

18 GB

36 GB

72 GB

18 GB

36 GB

72 GB

18 GB

36 GB

72 GB

1S

Inte

l® X

eon®

E5530/L

5530

2.4

0 G

Hz 4

C

1S

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E5520 2

.26 G

Hz

4C

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.13 G

Hz

4C

1S

Inte

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.00 G

Hz

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eon®

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.00 G

Hz

2C

1S

Inte

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eon®

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.00 G

Hz

2C

HS

22V

1P

3 D

IMM

s P

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Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

Number of VMs




Notes :




Legend





13





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows : MEM –Memory, CPU – Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation


1S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 36 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM




1S Intel® Xeon® E5506 2.13 GHz 4C 36 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® E5506 2.13 GHz 4C 72 GB 8 / CPU 16 / MEM




1S Intel® Xeon® E5503 2.00 GHz 2C 36 GB 3 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® E5503 2.00 GHz 2C 72 GB 4 / CPU 14 / CPU


1S Intel® Xeon® E5502 2.00 GHz 2C 36 GB 3 / CPU 8 / MEM1S Intel® Xeon® E5502 2.00 GHz 2C 72 GB 4 / CPU 13 / CPU

HS

22V

1P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

14




0 10 20 30 40 50 60

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

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DIM

Ms

Pe

r M

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Ch

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Number of VMs





Notes :1. For consolidation

efforts, consider the amount of resources required for the workloads during peak demands. The separate CPU and Memory headroom rules were defined to account for reserve capacity to handle peaks in utilization from unpredictable workloads.



Legend




15





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint

based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For

example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows : MEM – Memory, CPU – Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation

























HS

22 &

HS

22V

2P

2 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

16




0 10 20 30 40 50 60

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5660

2.8

0 G

Hz 6

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5650

2.6

6 G

Hz 6

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5649

2.5

3 G

Hz 6

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5647

2.9

3 G

Hz 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

L5640

2.2

6 G

Hz 6

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5640

2.6

6 G

Hz 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5630

2.5

3 G

Hz 4

C

HS

22 &

HS

22V

2P

2 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

Number of VMs





Notes :1. For consolidation

efforts, consider the amount of resources required for the workloads during peak demands. The separate CPU and Memory headroom rules were defined to account for reserve capacity to handle peaks in utilization from unpredictable workloads.



Legend




17





Notes :





constraint based on the required CPU and Memory

Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required.

The constraints are as follows : MEM – Memory, CPU

– Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation






















HS

22 &

HS

22V

2P

2 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

18


2-P Workloads Consolidated in Virtual Machines w ith a Single Virtual Processor (1 vCPU)

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

192 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

24 GB

48 GB

96 GB

2S

Inte

l®

Xeo

n®

E5

60

7 2

.26

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on®

E5

60

6 2

.13

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on

®

E5

60

3 1

.60

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeo

n®

X5

57

0

2.9

3

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on®

X5

56

0

2.8

0

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on

®

X5

55

0

2.6

6

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on

®

E55

40

2.5

3

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on

®

E5

53

0/L

55

30

2.4

0 G

Hz

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xe

on

®

E55

20

2.2

6

GH

z 4

C

2S

In

tel®

Xe

on

®

E55

06

2.1

3

GH

z 4

C

2S

In

tel®

Xe

on

®

E55

04

2.0

0

GH

z 4

C

2S

In

tel®

Xe

on

®

E55

03

2.0

0

GH

z 2

C

2S

In

tel®

Xeo

n®

E5

502

2.0

0

GH

z 2

C

HS

22

& H

S22

V 2

P 2

DIM

Ms P

er

Me

mory

Cha

nn

el

Number of VMs





Notes :




Legend




19





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For

example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows : MEM –Memory, CPU –Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation






















2S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 48 GB 5 / MEM 11 / MEM2S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 96 GB 11 / MEM 22 / MEM











HS

22

& H

S2

2V

2P

2 D

IMM

s P

er

Me

mo

ry C

ha

nn

el

20




0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5690

3.4

6 G

Hz

6C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5687

3.6

0 G

Hz

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5680

3.3

0 G

Hz

6C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5677

3.4

6 G

Hz

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5675

3.0

6 G

Hz

6C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5672

3.2

0 G

Hz

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5670

2.9

3 G

Hz

6C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5667

3.0

6 G

Hz

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5660

2.8

0 G

Hz

6C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5650

2.6

6 G

Hz

6C

HS

22V

2P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

Number of VMs





Notes :




Legend




21





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows : MEM – Memory, CPU – Processor.All Rights Reserved | © 2011 IBM Corporation | IBM and Business Partner Seller Use Only - Not to be left with customers

Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation































HS

22V

2P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

22




0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

36 GB

72 GB

144 GB

288 GB

2S

Inte

l® X

eon®

E5649 2

.53 G

Hz 6

C

2S

Inte

l® X

eon®

X5647 2

.93 G

Hz 4

C

2S

Inte

l® X

eon®

L5640 2

.26 G

Hz 6

C

2S

Inte

l® X

eon®

E5640 2

.66 G

Hz 4

C

2S

Inte

l® X

eon®

E5630 2

.53 G

Hz 4

C

HS

22V

2P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

Number of VMs





Notes :




Legend




23





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows :

MEM – Memory, CPU – Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation
















HS

22V

2P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

24




0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

36 GB72 GB

144 GB288 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB288 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB288 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB288 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB36 GB72 GB

144 GB

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5620

2.4

0

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5607

2.2

6

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5606

2.1

3

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5603

1.6

0

GH

z 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5570

2.9

3

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5560

2.8

0

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

X5550

2.6

6

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5540

2.5

3

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5530/L

5530

2.4

0 G

Hz 4

C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5520

2.2

6

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5506

2.1

3

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5504

2.0

0

GH

z

4C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5503

2.0

0

GH

z

2C

2S

Inte

l®

Xeon®

E5502

2.0

0

GH

z

2C

HS

22V

2P

3 D

IMM

s P

er

Mem

ory

Ch

an

nel

Number of VMs




Notes :




Legend





25





Notes :




Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For

example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The constraints are as follows : MEM –Memory, CPU –Processor.


Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation












2S Intel® Xeon® E5603 1.60 GHz 4C 144 GB 15 / CPU 32 / MEM 2S Intel® Xeon® E5603 1.60 GHz 4C 288 GB 16 / CPU 63 / CPU










2S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 72 GB 8 / MEM 16 / MEM 2S Intel® Xeon® E5530/L5530 2.40 GHz 4C 144 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM











HS

22

V 2

P 3

DIM

Ms

Pe

r M

em

ory

Ch

an

ne

l

26




0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on

©

X7

560

2.2

6

GH

z 8

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on ©

X7

550

/

X6

55

0 2

.00

GH

z 8

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on ©

E7

54

0 /

E6

540

2.0

0

GH

z 6

C

1S

In

tel ©

Xe

on

©

E7

53

0 1

.86

GH

z 6

C

1S

In

tel ©

Xe

on

©

E7

52

0 1

.86

GH

z 4

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xeo

n ©

E65

10

1.7

3

GH

z 4

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xeo

n ©

L7

55

5 1

.86

GH

z 8

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on

©

L75

45 1

.86

GH

z 6

C

HS

22

V 3

DIM

Ms P

er

Me

mo

ry C

ha

nn

el

Number of VMs


Notes :




Table A5 (Part 1 of 2) HX5 1 Socket without MAX5


Legend





27



Table B5 (Part 1 of 2) HX5 1 Socket without MAX5


Notes :





Each cell in Tables B1-B9 indicates the number of virtual machines and the constraint based on the required CPU and Memory Headroom. For example, 17/MEM means that this configuration can support 17 virtual machines (VMs) before more memory is required. The

constraints are as follows : MEM –Memory, CPU – Processor.

Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation

2S Intel © Xeon © x5450 3.00 GHz 4C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM





1S Intel © Xeon © L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM

1S Intel © Xeon © L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel © Xeon © L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © L7545 1.86 GHz 6C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM1S Intel © Xeon © L7545 1.86 GHz 6C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM

HX

5 1

So

ck

et

wit

ho

ut

MA

X5

28




0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

16 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on

© E

7-

48

70/E

7-

28

70

2.4

0

GH

z 1

0C

1S

In

tel ©

Xe

on

© E

7-

486

0/E

7-

28

60 2

.27

GH

z 1

0C

1S

In

tel

©

Xeo

n ©

E7-

48

50

/E7

-

28

50

2.0

0

GH

z 1

0C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on ©

E7

-

48

30/E

7-

28

30

2.1

3

GH

z 8

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on ©

E7

-

48

20

/E7

-

28

20

2.0

0

GH

z 8

C

1S

In

tel ©

Xeo

n ©

E7

-

48

07 1

.87

GH

z 6

C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on

© E

7-

280

3 1

.73

GH

z 6

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on ©

E7

-

88

67

L 2

.13

GH

z 1

0C

1S

In

tel ©

Xeo

n ©

E7

-

88

37 2

.67

GH

z 8

C

HX

5 1

So

cke

t w

ith

ou

t M

AX

5

Number of VMs


Notes :






Legend





29





Notes :







Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation

1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM













1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM




1S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 16 GB 2 / MEM 4 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM




HX

5 1

So

cket

wit

ho

ut

MA

X5

30




0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

1S

In

tel ©

Xeo

n ©

L7

54

5

1.8

6 G

Hz

6C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on

© X

756

0

2.2

6 G

Hz

8C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on

© X

755

0

/ X

65

50

2.0

0

GH

z 8

C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on

© E

754

0

/ E

65

40

2.0

0

GH

z 6

C

1S

In

tel ©

Xe

on ©

E7

530

1.8

6 G

Hz

6C

1S

In

tel

©

Xe

on

© E

75

20

1.8

6 G

Hz

4C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xe

on

© L

75

55

1.8

6 G

Hz

8C

HX

5 1

So

ck

et

wit

h M

AX

5

Number of VMs


Notes :




Table A6 (Part 1 of 2) HX5 1Socket with MAX5


Legend





31


Table B6 (Part 1 of 2) HX5 1 Socket with MAX5




Notes :





Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation


1S Intel © Xeon © L7545 1.86 GHz 6C 128 GB 13 / MEM 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © L7545 1.86 GHz 6C 256 GB 20 / CPU 58 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 128 GB 13 / MEM 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 256 GB 28 / MEM 58 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 128 GB 13 / MEM 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 256 GB 26 / MEM 58 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 128 GB 13 / MEM 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 256 GB 22 / CPU 58 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 128 GB 13 / MEM 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 256 GB 20 / CPU 58 / MEM


1S Intel © Xeon © E7520 1.86 GHz 4C 128 GB 13 / CPU 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7520 1.86 GHz 4C 256 GB 14 / CPU 51 / CPU


1S Intel © Xeon © L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 128 GB 13 / MEM 28 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 256 GB 26 / MEM 58 / MEM

HX

5 1

So

cket

wit

h M

AX

5

32




0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

64 GB

128 GB

256 GB

512 GB

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

4870/E

7-

2870 2

.40

GH

z 1

0C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

4860/E

7-

2860 2

.27

GH

z 1

0C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

4850/E

7-

2850 2

.00

GH

z 1

0C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

4830/E

7-

2830 2

.13

GH

z 8

C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

4820/E

7-

2820 2

.00

GH

z 8

C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

4807 1

.87

GH

z 6

C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

2803 1

.73

GH

z 6

C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

8867L 2

.13

GH

z 1

0C

1S

Inte

l ©

Xeon ©

E7-

8837 2

.67

GH

z 8

C

HX

5 1

So

cket

wit

h M

AX

5

Number of VMs


Notes :




Table A6 (Part 2 of 2) HX5 1 Socket with MAX5


Legend





33






Notes :






Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation



1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 256 GB 27 / MEM 58 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 512 GB 44 / CPU 116 / MEM









1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4830/E7-2830 2.13 GHz 8C 256 GB 27 / MEM 58 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4830/E7-2830 2.13 GHz 8C 512 GB 32 / CPU 126 / CPU



1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4820/E7-2820 2.00 GHz 8C 256 GB 26 / CPU 58 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4820/E7-2820 2.00 GHz 8C 512 GB 29 / CPU 113 / CPU



1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 256 GB 21 / CPU 58 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 512 GB 21 / CPU 81 / CPU






1S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 256 GB 27 / MEM 58 / MEM 1S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 512 GB 42 / CPU 116 / MEM




HX

5 1

So

ck

et

wit

h M

AX

5

34




0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

32 GB

64 GB

128 GB

2S

Inte

l©

Xeon©

X7560 2

.26

GH

z 8

C

2S

Inte

l©

Xeon©

X7550 /

X6550 2

.00

GH

z 8

C

2S

Inte

l©

Xeon©

E7540 /

E6540 2

.00

GH

z 6

C

2S

Inte

l©

Xeon©

E7530 1

.86

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Notes :






Legend





35






Notes :





Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation

2S Intel© Xeon© X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM





2S Intel© Xeon© L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 64 GB 7 / MEM 16 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© L7555 1.86 GHz 8C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM



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Number of VMs Disclaimer : The workloads associated hardware utilization data and the consolidation data described are representative of the server population that was analyzed in the IBM server consolidation study. The workloads and data are not intended to represent a specific customer environment. To arrange a customized IBM server consolidation study, contact your IBM Sales representative.

Notes :







Legend




37






Notes :






Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation

2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM


2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4870/E7-2870 2.40 GHz 10C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM













2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM


2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM




2S Intel© Xeon© E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 32 GB 4 / MEM 8 / MEM


2S Intel© Xeon© E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM




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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

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160 GB

320 GB

80 GB

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320 GB

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320 GB

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39






Notes :





Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation



2S Intel© Xeon© X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 80 GB 9 / MEM 18 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 160 GB 17 / MEM 37 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 80 GB 9 / MEM 18 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 160 GB 17 / MEM 37 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 80 GB 9 / MEM 18 / MEM

2S Intel© Xeon© E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 160 GB 17 / MEM 37 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM




2S Intel© Xeon© E7520 1.86 GHz 4C 160 GB 17 / MEM 37 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7520 1.86 GHz 4C 320 GB 33 / CPU 74 / MEM



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41






Notes :




Conservative

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2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4830/E7-2830 2.13 GHz 8C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4830/E7-2830 2.13 GHz 8C 640 GB 70 / CPU 147 / MEM



2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4820/E7-2820 2.00 GHz 8C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4820/E7-2820 2.00 GHz 8C 640 GB 62 / CPU 147 / MEM



2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-4807 1.87 GHz 6C 640 GB 49 / CPU 147 / MEM






2S Intel© Xeon© E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 320 GB 33 / MEM 74 / MEM 2S Intel© Xeon© E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 640 GB 68 / MEM 147 / MEM




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42




0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

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128 GB256 GB64 GB

128 GB256 GB64 GB

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Table A9 HX5 4 Socket without and with MAX 5


Legend





43


Table B9 HX5 4 Socket without and with MAX 5




Notes :






Conservative

Consolidation

Aggressive

Consolidation


4S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 4S Intel © Xeon © X7560 2.26 GHz 8C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM


4S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 4S Intel © Xeon © X7550 / X6550 2.00 GHz 8C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM


4S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 4S Intel © Xeon © E7540 / E6540 2.00 GHz 6C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM


4S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 4S Intel © Xeon © E7530 1.86 GHz 6C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM


4S Intel © Xeon © E7520 1.86 GHz 4C 128 GB 15 / MEM 32 / MEM 4S Intel © Xeon © E7520 1.86 GHz 4C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM

























4S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 256 GB 31 / MEM 65 / MEM 4S Intel © Xeon © E7-8867L 2.13 GHz 10C 512 GB 60 / MEM 129 / MEM

HX5 4

Socket

44



Server Consolidation Study Data Sources :• Used customer survey data to define key workload classifications targeted for server consolidation since 2006

• Analyzed CDAT(1) studies for hundreds of customers and thousands of physical servers running thousands of application workloads• Organized customer’s legacy servers by application type into the key workload classifications

• Defined typical average and peak utilization statistics for each key workload classification

• Input typical workloads from each workload classification into IBM’s VISIAN(2) tool

• VISIAN consolidated the workloads into virtual machines onto a target server according to IBM-developed CPU and memory Headroom Rules

• VISIAN defined the limiting factor for adding additional workloads (CPU or Memory). Notes:

(1) IBM’s CDAT is a stand-alone discovery tool that automatically gathers a significant amount of server inventory, configuration and performance data, generating an enterprise-wide view of server population and usage. IBM has performed over 6,000 customer server consolidation studies involving over 750,000 servers. CDAT has been replaced by ATSMON(2) IBM’s VISIAN is a tool that facilitates the calculation of the optimal number of virtual machines that can be consolidated onto an IBM System x server running a variety of hypervisors. VISIAN is an internal-use-only tool.

IBM regularly conducts server consolidation studies to determine the hardware usage requirements of workloads customers are consolidating by using

virtualization technologies. Using IBM-developed tools, we monitor workloads running on thousands of x86-based physical servers for an extended period of

time that typically lasts one week. Analysis of the study data yields interesting data points such as average and peak utilization for CPU, memory usage, disk I/O and network I/O. It also yields data on the types of application workloads that customers are consolidating. Customers no longer limit consolidation

to file and print servers as was common during the infancy of x86 server based virtualization. The study data also provides a view of how the hardware

usage requirements vary over time, e.g. within the same day and across different days in a week. By statistically analyzing data across different studies, we

get a view of how hardware usage requirements vary over many years as both hardware and software virtualization technology improves. Trend analysis

allows us to project how hardware usage requirements will change over time.

Table C describes the expected average and peak CPU and memory usage for the top seven application workloads for the next several years. The seven

workloads represent 85% of the thousands of workloads from the server consolidation studies and therefore provide reasonable coverage for the entire set

of workloads. The physical servers on which these workloads were running were typically servers whose processors had 2 physical cores, e.g. a server with

two single-core processors or a server with a single dual-core processor. The study data included the specific x86 server processor type. By analyzing the measured processor utilization across all processor types for each workload category and then normalizing that utilization into actual processing

performance units consumed, we defined a typical processor for each workload type. Table C reflects the typical processor for each workload type and the

normalized Average and Peak processor utilization based on this processor type.

Table C also includes the Average and Peak memory footprint for each workload type. The memory footprint is the memory consumed by the operating

system and the application and is different from the physical memory capacity installed in the server. For virtualized workloads, the memory footprint is a

more relevant metric than the virtual memory allocated to a virtual machine.

The number of VMs consolidated on an IBM System x rack or BladeCenter server is determined by applying the hardware utilization requirements of the workloads in Table C against the aggregate CPU, memory, disk I/O and network I/O performance capacity of a target server configuration. A target server’s

aggregate performance capacity is tempered by CPU and memory headroom rules that reserve a portion of CPU bandwidth and memory capacity to

account for variations in workload hardware usage requirements. The CPU and memory headroom rules are discussed on the following page.

Table C – Server Consolidation Study Workload Characteristics

Legacy 2-Core

WorkloadsTypical Processor

Avg CPU

Utilization

Peak CPU

Utilization

Avg Memory

Used (MB)

Peak Memory

Used (MB)

Infrastructure Xeon 64 3.4GHz 1MB 5% 16% 3438 7800

Web Xeon 64 3.0GHz 1MB 4% 32% 2186 3424

Application Xeon 64 3.2GHz 1MB 5% 29% 2402 4474

Database Xeon 64 3.6GHz 1MB 5% 20% 3952 9229

Terminal Server Xeon DC 2.8GHz 6% 38% 3026 6256

Email Xeon 64 2.8GHz 1MB 13% 31% 3192 8513

Groupware Xeon 64 3.0GHz 1MB 6% 11% 5048 11840

Consolidation Parameters for Source Workloads

45



The recommendations in the Virtualization Sizing Guide incorporate reserving a percentage of the CPU capacity and the memory capacity of the system to

handle fluctuations in workload demand over time. Memory Headroom was set to support the expected variation in memory utilization due to VMs reaching

peak utilization levels. Figure A represents the results of statistical analysis of the measured time-varying hardware usage requirements of thousands of workloads in the IBM server consolidation studies. The data shows that 95% of the time, 23% of the systems in the studies reached peak utilization

simultaneously. For each workload type shown in Table C on the previous page, the required memory plus memory headroom was calculated to be 23% of

the Peak Memory Used plus 77% of the Average Memory Used. In aggregate, the memory required plus memory headroom for all workloads was 17%

higher than the aggregate Average Memory Used. Therefore, the recommendation is to reserve 17% of the total memory capacity of the system so VMs

can vary their memory footprint over time without risking memory over-commitment. In addition to this 17% reserved memory, the sizing guide accounts for the additional memory that the hypervisor may need for virtual machine overhead memory, system memory used for management agents and memory

reserved for other dynamic allocation requests.

Table D shows the amount of CPU Headroom required based on the total number of physical processor cores in the system. Note that for systems that

support Intel(R) Hyper-Threading Technology (Intel (R) HT Technology), the CPU headroom should be adjusted to reflect the headroom corresponding to a system with 25% more physical cores when HT is enabled. The CPU headroom recommendations were derived by running 10,000 Monte Carlo simulations

per total number of cores to achieve steady-state. The simulations were run with measured CPU utilization statistics from the IBM server consolidation

studies. To ensure quality of service, the CPU headroom is such that the system would not exceed 90% CPU utilization when reaching peak utilization with

a confidence level of 95%. Figure B illustrates that the required CPU headroom is reduced as the total number of processor cores in the system increases.

Figure B - CPU Headroom Rules

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64

Total # Cores

CP

U H

ead

roo

m

Table D – CPU Headroom By CPU Core Count

Figure A - Cumulative Distribution of Servers at Peak Utilization

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

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9%

10%

11%

12%

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14%

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17%

18%

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22%

23%

24%

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More

Percentage Servers at Peak Utilization

Cu

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Tim

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Total # CPU Cores CPU Headroom1 70%

2 70%

4 55%

6 48%

8 44%

10 40%

12 38%

13 37%

15 35%

16 34%

20 32%

24 30%

25 30%

30 28%

32 27%

40 25%

48 24%

50 23%

64 21%

> 64 20%

46


© IBM Corporation 2011

IBM Systems and Technology GroupDept. U2PA3039 Cornwallis RoadResearch Triangle Park, NC 27709Produced in the USAMay 2010All rights reserved

Visit http://ibm.com/pc/safecomputing periodically for the latest information on safe and effective computing. Warranty Information: For a copy of applicable product warranties, write to: Warranty Information, P.O. Box 12195, RTP, NC 27709, Attn: Dept. JDJA/B203. IBM makes no representation or warranty regarding third-party products or services including those designated as ServerProven or ClusterProven. Telephone support may be subject to additional charges. For onsite labor, IBM will attempt to diagnose and resolve the problem remotely before sending a technician.

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This publication may contain links to third party sites that are not under the control of or maintained by IBM. Access to any such third party site is at the user's own risk and IBM is not responsible for the accuracy or reliability of any information, data, opinions, advice or statements made on these sites. IBM provides these links merely as a convenience and the inclusion of such links does not imply an endorsement.

Information in this presentation concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of these products, published announcement material or other publicly available sources. IBM has not tested these products and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.MB, GB, and TB = 1,000,000, 1,000,000,000 and 1,000,000,000,000 bytes, respectively, when referring to storage capacity. Accessible capacity is less; up to 3GB is used in service partition. Actual storage capacity will vary based upon many factors and may be less than stated.

The workloads and the associated hardware utilization data and the consolidation data described are representative of the server population that was analyzed in the IBM server consolidation study. The workloads and data are not intended to represent a specific customer environment. To arrange a customized IBM server consolidation study, contact your IBM Sales representative.

Performance is in Internal Throughput Rate (ITR) ratio based on measurements and projections using standard IBM benchmarks in a controlled environment. The actual throughput that any user will experience will vary depending upon considerations such as the amount of multiprogramming in the user's job stream, the I/O configuration, the storage configuration, and the workload processed. Therefore, no assurance can be given that an individual user will achieve throughput improvements equivalent to the performance ratios stated here.

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IBM System X Rack Virtualization Sizing Guide 09.11