1

2008 REGULATIONS

I N D U S T R I A L B I O T E C H N O L O G Y F U L L T I M E B. Tech.

C U R R I C U L U M A N D S Y L L A B I

G O V E R N M E N T C O L LE G E O F TE C H N O L O G Y , C O I M B A T O R E - 6 4 1 0 13

An Autonomous Institution - Anna University of Technology, Coimbatore

Curriculum & Syllabi (I - VIII SEM)

CANDIDATES ADMITTED DURING 2008 - 2009 AND ONWARDS

2

FULL TIME B.TECH. (INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY)

2008 - 2009

Curriculum and Syllabi

From 2008 – 2009 onwards

DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

COIMBATORE – 641013.

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CURRICULUM

(Full Time Candidates admitted during 2008 – 2009 and onwards) I SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject

Code Course

title Sessional

Marks Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits L T P C

THEORY

1 I

08B1Z1

Communication Skills in English - I 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

2 08B1Z2

Engineering Mathematics - I 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

3 08B1Z3 Applied Physics 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

4 08B1Z4 Applied Chemistry 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 5 08B105

C Programming 25 75 100 3 0 2 4

6 08B106 Introduction To Biotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 Practical

1 08B1Z7 Physics Lab 25 75 100 0 0 3 2 2 08B1Z8 Chemistry Lab 25 75 100 0 0 3 2

Total 800 25

II SEMESTER S. No Sem Subject

Code Course

Title Sessional Marks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits L T P C

THEORY

1

II

08B2Z1

Communication Skills in English - II 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

2 08B2Z2

Engineering Mathematics - II 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

3 08B2Z3 Materials Science 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

4 08B204 Environmental Science and Engineering

25 75 100 3 0 0 3

5 08B205 Biochemistry - I 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 6 08B206 Fundamentals of Electrical and

Electronics Engineering 25 75 100 4 0 0 4

PRACTICAL

1 08B207 Biochemistry Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 2 08B208 Machine Shop Practice 25 75 100 0 0 3 2

TOTAL 800 25

4

III SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code

Course Title

Sessional marks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits L T P C

THEORY

1

III

08B3Z1 Engineering Mathematics - III 25 75 100 3 1 0 4 2 08B302 Principles of Chemical

Engineering 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

3 08B303 Basics of Industrial Biotechnology

25 75 100 3 0 0 3

4 08B304 Cell Biology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 5 08B305 Bio - Organic Chemistry 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 6 08B306 Microbiology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

PRACTICAL

1 08B307 Bio - Organic chemistry Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 2 08B308 Cell Biology Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 3 08B309 Microbiology Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2

TOTAL 900 26IV SEMESTER

S. No Sem Subject Code

Course Title

Sessional marks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

CreditsL T P C

THEORY

1

IV

08B401 Probability, Statistics and Random Processes

25 75 100 3 1 0 4

2 08B402 Unit Operations 25 75 100 3 1 0 4 3 08B403 BioChemical Thermodynamics 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

4 08B404 Biochemistry – II 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 5 08B405 Instrumental Methods of

Analysis 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

6 08B406 Molecular Biology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 PRACTICAL

1 08B407 Instrumental Methods of Analysis Lab

25 75 100 0 0 4 2

2 08B408 Molecular Biology Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 3 08B409 Unit operations Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 TOTAL 900 27

5

V SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code

Course Title

Sessional marks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits

L T P C

THEORY 1

V

08B501 Bioinformatics 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

2 08B502 Enzyme Engineering & Technology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

3 08B503 Animal Biotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 4 08B504 Bioprocess Principles 25 75 100 3 1 0 4 5 08B505 Mass Transfer Operations 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 6 08B506 Genetic Engineering 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

PRACTICAL 1 08B507 Bioinformatics Lab 25 75 100 0 0 3 2 2 08B508 Bioprocess Lab I 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 3 08B509 Genetic Engineering Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2

TOTAL 900 26

VI SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code

Course Title

Sessionalmarks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits

L T P C

THEORY 1

VI

08B601 Metabolic Engineering 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

2 08B602 Chemical Reaction Engineering 25 75 100 3 1 0 4

3 08B603 Bioprocess Engineering 25 75 100 3 1 0 4 4 08B604 Protein Engineering 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 5 08B605 Plant Biotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 6 08B606 Food Biotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

PRACTICAL

1 08B607 Communication skills &

Technical Seminar 25 75 100 0 0 3 2

2 08B608 Bioprocess Lab II 25 75 100 0 0 6 3 TOTAL 800 25

6

VII SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code

Course Title

Sessionalmarks

FinalExammarks

Total marks

Credits

L T P C

THEORY

1

VII

08B701 Principles of Management 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

2 08B702 Immunology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

3 08B703 Downstream Processing 25 75 100 3 1 0 3

4 08B704 Cancer Biology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 5 Elective – I 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 6 Elective – II 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

PRACTICAL

1

08B707 Presentation skills & Technical Seminar

25 75 100 0 0 3 3

2 08B708 Downstream Processing Lab 25 75 100 0 0 6 3

3 08B709 Immunology Lab 25 75 100 0 0 4 2 TOTAL 900 26

VIII SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code

Course Title

Sessional marks

FinalExammarks

Total marks

Credits

L T P C

THEORY 1 VIII Elective – III 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 2 Elective – IV 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

PRACTICAL 1 08B801 Project Work 50 150 200 0 0 12 6

TOTAL 400 12

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LIST OF ELECTIVE SUBJECTS FOR VII SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code Course title Sessional

marks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits

L T P C

1

VII For Elective I & II

08B7E0 Environmental Biotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

2 08B7E1 Bioseparations 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

3 08B7E2 Bioprocess Economics & Plant Design

25 75 100 3 0 0 3

4 08B7E3 Molecular Modeling & Drug Design

25 75 100 3 0 0 3

5 08B7E4 Genomics & Proteomics 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

6 08B7E5 Biological Spectroscopy 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

7 08B7E6 Biomedical Instrumentation 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

8 08B7E7 Neurobiology & Cognitive Sciences 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

9 08B7E8 Molecular Pathogenesis 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

10 08B7E9 Virology & Parasitology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

TOTAL 1000 30

VIII SEMESTER

S.No Sem Subject Code Course title Sessional

marks

Final Exam marks

Total marks

Credits

L T P C

1

VIII

For Elective III & IV

08B8E0 Nanobiotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

2 08B8E1 Biopharmaceutical Technology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

3 08B8E2 Human Anatomy & Physiology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

4 08B8E3 Immunotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 5 08B8E4 Biophysics 25 75 100 3 0 0 3 6 08B8E5 Bioconjugate Technology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

7 08B8E6 Process Instrumentation Dynamics & Control 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

8 08B8E7 Medical Biotechnology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

9 08B8E8 Developmental Biology 25 75 100 3 0 0 3

10 08B8E9 Biodiversity, IPR & Management of Biotechnology

25 75 100 3 0 0 3

TOTAL 1000 30

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08B1Z1 COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN ENGLISH- I (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 3 1 0 4

READING: (09) Reading for the purpose of skimming, scanning, guessing the meaning of words, information transfer –note making-detailed comprehension and identifying stylistic features- identifying the topic sentence in each paragraph - understanding discourse coherence.

WRITING: (09) a). Transcoding- Completion of charts- Developing hints- Making Recommendations and Expressing obligations. b) Letter Writing: Calling for quotations Placing orders Letter of complaint regarding manufacturing defects

Letter to a friend- making a few suggestions/ inviting suggestions Writing E-mails

c). Report Writing: Report on an accident in a factory/ Industrial visit- Completion of a project- Paragraph writing- Process description- Interpreting the data – Defining an object/ device/ instrument/ machine etc.- d). Process of Communication- Scientific Vocabulary- Project Report Writing.

LISTENING: (09) Listening for learning-Word Stress and Pronunciation practice- Listening for specific information- Note taking and comprehension- Listening to fill up information gaps- Listening to announcements at Railway stations, Airport etc.- Listening to News on the radio/TV- Listening to casual conversation- Listening to live speeches- Listening to American and British English.

SPEAKING (09) Free discussion on chosen topics, introducing oneself. Offering suggestions and Recommendations-Expressing opinions(agreement/disagreement)-Giving Instructions Role play activities based on real life situations-Discussing travel plans/Industrial visit/Instructions for performing tasks at home and at work-Discussion on debatable topics.-Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication- Accuracy- fluency and appropriateness-Formal and Informal Communication.

FOCUS ON LANGUAGE AND FUNCTION (09) Register-Technical and General-word formation with Prefixes and Suffixes- Deriving other forms of words- Active and Passive Voices- Tenses- Conditional Sentences of certainty- Modals and degrees of probability- Compound Nouns and Expanding Nominal Compounds- Content Words- Expression of Comparison and Contrast- Definition and Classification-Framing of Questions (‘Wh’ pattern)

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LECTURE: 45 TUTORIAL: 15 TOTAL : 60 hours.

TEXT BOOK

1. The Humanities and Social Science Division, Anna University, English for Engineers and Technologists, Orient Longman, Vol I & II (Combined Edition), Chennai 2006. REFERENCES 1. Structure of Technical English, A J Herbert- The English Language Society, 1986. 2. Perform in English, M.Balasubramanian & G.Anbalagan, Anuradha Publications, 2007. 3. Effective English Communication, Krishna Mohan & Meenakshi Raman, (Language

Group-BITS,Pilani) Tata McGraw Hill, 2005.

10

08B1Z2 – ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – I (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 3 1 0 4

MATRICES (09) Characteristic equation - eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a real matrix - properties of eigen values – Cayley –Hamilton Theorem(statement only) and applications- diagonalisation - similarity and orthogonal transformation-reduction of quadratic form to canonical form. THEORY OF EQUATIONS, HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS (09) Relation between roots and coefficients-transformation of equations-reciprocal equations-hyperbolic functions and inverse hyperbolic functions, properties. APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS (09) Curvature -cartesian and polar coordinates -circle of curvature -involutes and evolutes - envelopes - evolute as envelope of normals . FUNCTION OF SEVERAL VARIABLES (09) Function of two variables -Taylor’s expansion - maxima and minima - constrained maxima and minima by lagrangian multiplier method -jacobians -differentiation under integral sign. INTEGRAL CALCULUS (09) Gamma and Beta functions-Double integration -Cartesian and Polar Coordinates – change of order of integration -Area as double integral –Triple integration -Volume as triple integral- Transformation to Polar, Cylindrical and Spherical co-ordinates. LECTURE: 45 TUTORIAL:15 TOTAL : 60 hours. TEXT BOOK 1. Kandasamy.P., Thilagavathy.K and Gunavathy.K. “Engineering Mathematics” for First year , S. Chand & Co., Ram Nagar, New Delhi, 2007. REFERENCES 1.Veerarajan.T., “Engineering Mathematics” for First year, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi., 2007. 2.M.K.Venkataraman, “Engineering Mathematics” Vol I, II & IIIA , The National Publishing company, Chennai, 2006. 3.B.S.Grewal, “Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna publishers, New Delhi., 2007.

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08B1Z3 APPLIED PHYSICS (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 3 0 0 3

LASERS (09) Introduction-Spontaneous emission and stimulated emission –Einstein’s coefficients-Population inversion , Types of pumping –Types of Lasers- He-Ne ,CO2 , Nd-YAG, Semiconductor laser & Dye laser- Applications-Lasers in microelectronics, welding,heat treatment, cutting, holography. FIBER OPTICS AND APPLICATIONS (09) Principles –Modes of propagation-Numerical Aperture and acceptance angle- Classification of optical fiber based on materials, refractive index profile and Modes- Preparation of optical fiber- Crucible and Crucible technique - Splicing-fusion and multiple splices, Light sources for fiber optics - LEDs- Detectors-PIN Photodiode, Avalanche photodiode- Fiber optical communication links. Fiber optic sensors for Temperature and displacement. QUANTUM PHYSICS AND APPLICATIONS (09) Introduction to Quantum theory. Dual nature of matter and radiation- de-Broglie wavelength. Uncertainty principle. Schrödinger’s Time independent & Time dependent wave equations -Particle in a box. -Optical microscope-Limitations of optical microscopy. Electron microscope- Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)-Transmission . Electron Microscope(TEM). ULTRASONICS (09) Introduction-Production: Magnetostriction effect- Magnetostriction generator- Piezoelectric effect- Piezoelectric generator- Detection of ultrasonic wave-properties-cavitation- industrial applications- Drilling, welding, soldering and cleaning- Non- destructive Testing-Pulse echo system through transmission and resonance system. Medical applications-cardiology, Ultrasonic imaging, X ray radiography. VACUUM SCIENCE (09) Introduction. Importance of vacuum in industries. Schematic diagram of vacuum system. Pumping speed and throughput. Types of pumps-Rotary vane type Vacuum pump(oil sealed), Diffusion Pump and Turbo Molecular Pump-Measurement of High Vacuum-McLeod Gauge-Pirani Gauge-Penning Gauge – High temp vacuum science. LECTURE: 45 TOTAL : 45 hours. TEXT BOOK 1.Ganesan S. Iyandurai N, “Applied Physics”, KKS Publishers, Chennai, 2007 REFERENCES 1.Gaur R K and Gupta S L-“Engineering Physics”, Dhanpat Rai and sons, 2002. 2. Avadhanulu M N and Kshirsagar P G, “A textbook of Engineering Physics”.S. Chand and Company Ltd, NewDelhi, 2005. 3.Arumugam M- “Engineering Physics”, Anu Radha Publishers, 2002. 4.Jayakumar S, “Engineering Physics”, RK Publishers, Coimbatore, 2003.

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08B1Z4 APPLIED CHEMISTRY

(Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.) L T P C

3 0 0 3 1. Polymeric materials (09) Basic definitions: Monomers, functionality, degree of polymerization - Coordination polymerization-mechanism, Zeigler- Natta catalysts, applications - Glass transition temperature (Tg), crystallinity and the factors that affect these properties – Commodity and engineering plastics, polymer blends and alloys, polymer composites, fibre reinforced plastics, examples - Compounding of plastics-compounding materials, functions – Fabrication-compression, injection, extrusion, blow moulding -Conducting polymers- polyaniline, polypyrrole, mechanism of conduction. 2. Corrosion Technology (09) EMF series - Corrosion-mechanism of dry oxidation corrosion, nature of oxide, Pilling-Bedworth - Electrochemical corrosion-mechanism of rusting, galvanic, aeration and pitting corrosion – Factors influencing corrosion - Corrosion control-design, cathodic protection, modification of environment, use of inhibitors - Protective coating-metallic coating, anodic, cathodic, electroplating, cleansing before deposition – Organic coatings-paints, constituents of paints, mechanism of drying, varnishes, enamels, lacquers – Special paints-fire retardant, luminous, heat resistant paints. 3. Instrumental method of analysis (09) (Block diagram of the instrument, principle and working and application) Types of instruments and mentioning of their applications -Absorption spectroscopy-Lambert-Beer law, absorbance, UV- visible spectroscopy, types of electronic transitions, estimation of iron by colorimetry – Atomic absorption spectroscopy, quantitative estimation of nickel – Flame photometry, estimation of sodium –Thermo gravimetric analysis, factors affecting TG curves, applications. chromatography, gas chromatography. 4. Integrated Circuits Fabrication (09) Basic fabrication steps in Planar technology - Crystal growth, Czochralski process and float zone process neutron transmutation doping, wafer preparation – Methods of P-N junction formation, melt grown junction, alloying, solid-state diffusion, open tube furnace and evacuated sealed tube system, Ion implantation - Epitaxy, (details of methods not required)–– Masking and lithography-production of mask, photolithography, electron beam lithography – Etching-wet, electrochemical, sputter, plasma - Metal deposition. 5. Phase Rule, alloys and Powder Metallurgy (09) Phase rule, one component water system – Reduced phase rule-two component alloy system, thermal analysis, Pb-Ag eutectic system, Cu-Ni alloy system and Mg-Al alloy system forming a series of solid solution – Alloys-preparation, purpose of making alloys - Powder metallurgy-preparation of metal/ alloy powder, mixing and blending, compacting, pre-sintering, sintering, secondary operations, advantages and limitations. LECTURE: 45 TOTAL : 45 hours

13

TEXT BOOKS 1. P.C. Jain and Monika Jain,Engineering Chemistry, Dhanpat Rai Publishing Co. (P) Ltd. , New Delhi.(2002). 2. C.Parameswara Murthy,C.V.Agarwal and Andra Naidu, “Text Book for Engineering Chemistry” B.S. Publications, Hyderabad (2006). REFERENCES 1. S.S. Dara, A Text Book of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand & Company, New Delhi. (2003). 2. B.K.Sharma, Engineering Chemistry, Krishna Prakasam Media (P) Ltd, Meerut (2001). 3. M.S.Tyagi, Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices, John Wiely & Sons Singapore (2000).

14

08B105 C PROGRAMMING [Common to CSE, IT and IBT]

L T P C3 0 2 4

BASICS OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (09) Digital Computer Fundamentals–Block diagram of a computer–Components of a computer system–Applications of Computers–Hardware and Software definitions–Categories of Software–Booting–Installing and uninstalling Software–Software piracy–Software terminologies-Information Technology Basics–History of Internet–Internet Tools. PROBLEM SOLVING METHODOLOGY (09) Problem solving Techniques–Program–Program development cycle–Algorithm – Flow chart – Pseudo Code – Program control structures – Types and generation of programming languages – Development of algorithms for simple problems. BASIC ELEMENTS OF C (09) Introduction to C – Lexical elements of C – Operators and expressions – Operator precedence and associativity of operators – Input and Output Functions – Simple computational problems DECISION MAKING Control statements – Branching, looping, nested control structures, switch, break, continue, goto statements – Problems using control structures. FUNCTIONS AND PROGRAM STRUCTURES (09) Prototypes and Functions–Declaring, defining and accessing functions–Parameter passing methods–Recursion–Storage classes–auto, extern, static and register–Library functions-Programs using functions. ARRAYS Defining and processing arrays–Passing arrays to functions–Multi-dimensional arrays–Strings and basic operations on strings–Enumerated data types–Programs using simple sorting, searching and merging of arrays. POINTERS (09) Pointer concept–Declaration–Accessing variable through pointer–Initializing pointer variable–Pointers and Functions–Pointers and Arrays–Pointers and Structures–Example programs using pointers with function, arrays and structures–Command line arguments – Dynamic memory allocation–Operations on pointers. STRUCTURES, UNIONS AND FILE HANDLING (09) Structures–User defined data types–Union–Nested structure, passing structures to functions - Self referential structures - File pointer–High level File operations–Opening and closing of file–Creating, Processing and Updation on files–Simple file handling programs-Low level Programming – Additional Features of C. LECTURE: 45 PRACTICAL : 15 TOTAL : 60 Hours

15

TEXT BOOKS 1. ITL Education Solutions Limited, ‘Introduction to Information Technology’, Pearson Education (India), 2005. (Unit I) (Chapters: 1, 7, 9, 10, 15, 16). 2. Byron Gottfried, ‘Programming with C’, II Edition, (Indian Adapted Edition),TMH publications, 2006. (Unit II, III, IV and V). REFERENECS 1. Brian W. Kernighan and Dennis M. Ritchie, ‘The C Programming Language’, Pearson Education Inc. (2005). 2. K. R. Venugopal and S. R. Prasad, ‘Mastering C’, TMH, Third reprint 2008. 3. Jeri R. Hanly and Elliot B. Koffman, ‘Problem solving and program design in C’, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education India, 2005. 4. Johnsonbaugh R. and Kalin M., ‘Applications Programming in ANSI C’, III Edition, Pearson Education India, 2003. LABORATORY EXERCISES

• Operators, Expressions and IO Formatting • Decision Making and Looping • Arrays and String • Functions and Recursion • Structures and Pointers • Pointers and Dynamic memory Allocation • Files • Command line arguments.

16

08B106 INTRODUCTION TO BIOTECHNOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3 GENERAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (09) Biotechnology: An overview – Biotechnology – an interdisciplinary pursuit, Old and new biotechnology, Scope and importance, Commercial potential, Public perception of biotechnology, Biotechnology in India. INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (09) Isolation and screening of micro-organisms, Food and beverage fermentation, Enzymes and food processing, Immobilization of enzymes, Biotransformation, Production of single cell protein (SCP), and SCP derived from algae, wastes, agricultural crops and economic implications of SCP. AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT BIOTECHNOLOGY (09) Biotechnology methods of crop improvement – Plant culture, fundamentals of transgenesis and transgenic plants, applications of transgenic plants and transgenic animals, novel and better Biofuels, bioinsecticides, biofertilizers. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND HEALTH CARE (09) Conventional vaccines, concept of recombinant vaccines, monoclonal antibodies and its applications, Biotechnology applications in pharma industry and medicine. ETHICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (09) Biotechnology: Legal aspects – genetically manipulated organisms and environment, biosafety, social, moral and Ethical considerations.

LECTURE: 45 TOTAL : 45 hours TEXT BOOKS

1. Elements of Biotechnology by P.K. Gupta, Rastogi Publication.1st Edition, 2005. 2. Text of Biotechnology by H.K.Das, Wiley Dreamtech Publication (2004). REFERENCES

1. Biotechnology by John E.Smith, Cambridge Press, 3rd Edition, 1996. 2. Modern concepts of Biotechnology by H.D.Kumar ,Vikas Publishingss House

Pvt.Ltd,1998.

17

08B1Z7 PHYSICS LABORATORY (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C

0 0 3 2 List of experiments

1. Spectrometer - Diffraction Grating -Normal Incidence Method 2. Air Wedge 3. Youngs Modulus – Cantilever Bending - Koening’s Method 4 Particle Size Determination 5. Thermal Conductivity Of The Bad Conductor - Lee’s Disc Method 6 Ammeter And Voltmeter Calibration – Low Range 7. Resistance Of The Given Coil Of Wire – Carey Foster’s Bridge 8 Torsional Pendulum 9 Young’s Modulus - Non Uniform Bending 10 Transistor Characteristics

TOTAL : 45 Hours

18

08B1Z8 Chemistry Laboratory

(Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 0 0 3 2

List of experiments

1. Estimation of hardness of water by EDTA method 2. Estimation of alkalinity of water sample 3. pH titration 4. Potentiometric titration 5. Conductometric titration 6. Estimation of ferric ion by spectrophotometry 7. Determination of dissolved oxygen in sample water 8. Determination of calcium in lime water. 9. Determination of emf of an unknown cell and single electrode potential 10. Determination of degree of dissociation of weak electrolyte 11. Estimation of barium in Barium Chloride solution

12. Estimation of Calcium by permanganometry REFERENCES

1. Arthur L. Vogel, “A text book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis”, ELBS ( 1971) 2. A. Ravikrishnan, “Practical Engineering Chemistry”, Sri Krishna Publications, Chennai

(2002).

TOTAL : 45 Hours

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08B2Z1 COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN ENGLISH – II (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 3 1 0 4 1. READING: (09) Intensive reading, Extensive reading – Understanding the Organization of texts – Discourse cohesion – Evaluating Style – Inferring meaning – Interpreting tables, flow charts – Close reading. 2. WRITING: (09) a) Cause and Effect analysis – Stating a Choice and Justifying it – Safety Instructions – Preparation of Check Lists – Notices – Agenda – Minutes –Memoranda /M.O.U . b) Letter writing

• Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper regarding a public cause. • Seeking permission for in plant training. • Asking for Certificates.

c) Technical Structure, Style and International conventions – Presentation of Technical Papers/Articles – Analysis of Advertisements – Slogan writing. 3. LISTENING: (09)

Listening practice – Listening to Speech segments (Accent and Vocabulary ) – Listening to Recorded Telephonic Conversation, TV/Radio news in English (both American and British English) – Listening to short and long conversations in different domains of activity.

4. SPEAKING: (09)

Describing processes – Pronunciation Practice(Word Stress , Consonant Cluster –Homonyms) Conversational Eloquence – Group Discussions – Mock Interviews – Seminar Presentation-Making Speeches(Comparing , Introducing a Guest to the Audience , Welcome Address and Proposing Vote of Thanks)- Preparing for a Call – Handling a Call.

5. FOCUS ON LANGUAGE: (09)

Synonyms and Antonyms – Preposition-Numerical Expression-Rules for writing SI units-Language of Instructions – Cause and Effect , Result , Purpose and Means, Time and Contracted Time Statements-Subject and Verb agreement- Phrasal Verbs , Commonly Confused Words – Common Errors in English – Discourse Markers – American and British English – Correction and Editing.

LECTURE: 45 TUTORIAL:15 TOTAL : 60 hours. TEXT BOOK 1. The Humanities and Social Science Division, Anna University, English for Engineers

and Technologists, Orient Longman, Vol I & II (Combined Edition), Chennai 2006. REFERENCES 1. Structure of Technical English, A J Herbert- The English Language Society, 1986. 2. Perform in English, M.Balasubramanian & G.Anbalagan, Anuradha Publications, 2007. 3. Effective English Communication, Krishna Mohan & Meenakshi Raman, (Language Group-BITS, Pilani) Tata McGraw Hill, 2005.

20

08B2Z2 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – II [Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.]

L T P C 3 1 0 4

ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (09)

Linear equations of Second and Higher order with constant coefficients when RHS is xn , eax ,sin ax, cos ax, eax f(x), xn f(x) – simultaneous first order linear equations with constant coefficients -Homogeneous Linear differential equations of Euler-Cauchy type ,Legendre type- method of variation of parameters. VECTOR CALCULUS (09) Gradient, divergence , curl – line , surface & volume integrals – Green’s theorem in a Plane,Gauss Divergence and Stoke’s theorems ( Statements only) – verifications and applications. LAPLACE TRANSFORMS (09) Transform of standard functions– shifting theorems–Transforms of derivatives and integrals –initial and final value theorems–periodic functions– inverse Transform–convolution Theorem –solution of ordinary linear differential equations upto second order with constant coefficients and integral equations. COMPLEX DIFFERENTIATION (09) Cauchy-Riemann equations in cartesian and polar coordinates –properties of analytic functions- construction of analytic functions -conformal mapping : w = z + a , az ,1/z , z2 , ez , cos z , sin z - bilinear transformation. COMPLEX INTEGRATION (09) Cauchy’s integral theorem-Cauchy’s integral formula–Taylor’s and Laurent’s expansions- (statements only)- Poles and Residues – Cauchy’s Residue theorem – Contour integration – Circular and semi circular contour ( Excluding poles on the real axis)

LECTURE: 45 TORIAL: 15 TOTAL : 60 hours. TEXT BOOK 1.Kandasamy.P., Thilagavathy.K and Gunavathy.K. “Engineering Mathematics” for first year and Vol. III , S. Chand & Co., Ram Nagar, New Delhi, 2007. REFERENCES 1. Veerarajan.T., “Engineering Mathematics” for First year and for third Semester, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi. 2007. 2..M.K.Venkataraman, “Engineering Mathematics” Vol I, II & IIIA ,The National Publishing Company, Chennai, 2006. 3. B.S.Grewal, “Engineering Mathematics”, Khanna publishers, New Delhi. 2007.

21

08B2Z3 MATERIALS SCIENCE (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 3 0 0 3

SEMICONDUCTING MATERIALS AND DEVICES (09) Elemental and compound semiconductors. Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors-Properties- Carrier concentration in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- Variation of Conductivity with temperature in intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors -Hall effect-Hall coefficient in extrinsic semiconductors, experimental determination of Hall coefficient. Application of Hall coefficient. MAGNETIC MATERIALS (09) Classification of Magnetic material- Dia, para, ferro and ferric magnetic materials, anti ferro magnetism- Properties. Heisenberg and domain theory of ferromagnetism. Hysteresis-Experiment to draw Hysteresis loop- Hard and Soft magnetic materials. Ferrides- structure and applications. Devices and applications- The Transformer core-Magneto optical recording- Magnetic Valve. SMART MATERIALS (09) Shape Memory alloys (SMA)-Characteristics, properties of NiTi alloy, application, advantages and disadvantages of SMA. Superconductivity -BCS theory of superconductivity(qualitative), Types of superconductors- properties- High Critical Temperature superconductors, Application of superconductors- SQUID, Cryotron, Magnetic levitation. Metallic glasses- Preparation, properties and applications. NANOMATERIALS AND CHARACTERIZATION (09) Fabrication methods-Top down processes-lithographics -Bottom –up process-Vapour phase deposition- physical vapour deposition(PVD) -chemical vapour deposition(CVD) methods, Molecular Beam Epitaxy(MBE) and Metalorganic Vapour Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE)- ordering of nano systems,self- assembly and self –organization. NANODEVICES AND THEIR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS (09) Nanomagnetic materials-Magnetostatic Energy- Anisotropy energy- Magnetostriction Energy- Particulate nanomagnets and geometrical nanomagnets- Giant Magneto Resistance(GMR)-Nanomagnetism in technology- Carbon Nanotubes (CNT)-Properties and applications of Carbon Nanotubes- Organic Field Effect Transistor(OFET), Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) - Quantum Well Physics.

LECTURE: 45 TOTAL : 45 hours TEXT BOOK: 1.Ganesan S. Iyandurai N, “Materials Science”, KKS Publishers, Chennai, 2008. REFERENCES 1. Jayakumar S, “Materials Science”, RK Publishers, Coimbatore, 2004 2. William D Callister Jr, “Materials Science and Engineering – An Introduction”,

John Wiley and Sons Inc., 6th edition, New York, 2003 3. James F Shackelford, S “Introduction to Materials Science for Engineers”, 6th edition Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, 2004.

22

08B204 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING (Common to MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C 3 0 0 3

Environmental Resources (09) Forest resources- importance, deforestation- Water resources- anomalous properties of water, hydrological cycle- Food resources-effects of modern agriculture, fertilizers, pesticides-Land resources-causes and effects land degradation, desertification -Energy resources-renewable energy: wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, OTEC and nuclear. Ecosystem and Biodiversity (09) Environment-biotic and abiotic –Ecosystem-food chain, trophic levels- Energy flow in ecosystem, ecological pyramids- Ecological succession, types- Bio diversity, types, values of bio diversity, hot spots of bio diversity, threats to bio diversity, endangered and endemic species, conservation of bio diversity. Environmental pollution (09) Air pollution-classification of air pollutants gaseous, particulates - Sources effects and control of gaseous pollutants,SO2, NO2, H2S, CO, CO2 and particulates - Control methods-cyclone separator, electrostatic precipitator, catalytic combustion- Water pollution-classification of water pollutants- Inorganic pollutants, sources effects and control heavy metals- Organic pollutants, oxygen demanding wastes, aerobic and anaerobic decomposition, BOD and COD and experimental determination of BOD only, treatment of domestic wastes- Noise pollution-sources, effects, decibel scale. Environmental threats (09) Stratosphere, troposphere, composition and activities – Acid rain, green house effect and global warming, ozone layer depletion, photo chemical smog, eutrophication, bio amplification - Disaster management-origin, effects and management of earth quake and floods- Solid waste management-solid wastes, classification, origin, effects- Treatment methods-composting, sanitary land filling- Destructive methods-incineration, pyrolysis, recycling and reuse, co-disposal. Social issues and environment (09) From unsustainable to sustainable development, objectives and ways of achieving it- Urban problem related to energy, energy conservation- Water conservation and management, rain water harvesting, watershed management- Waste land reclamation Environmental ethics- Consumerism - Human population, exponential and logistic growth, variation in population among countries, population explosion, population policy, family welfare-programme and population control methods- HIV and AIDS.

LECTURE: 45 TOTAL: 45 hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Elements of Environmental Science and Engineering, P.Meenakshi, Prentice- Hall of India, New Delhi (2005) 2. “Text Book of Environmental Chemistry and Pollution Control”, S.S.Dara, S.Chand & Co, New Delhi (2002) REFERENCES 1. Introduction to Environmental Engineering & Science, Gilbert masters, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi (2004) 2. Environmental Science, Elden D. Enger, Bradley F. Smith, WCB McGraw Hill (VI Edition).

23

08B205 BIOCHEMISTRY – I L T P C

3 0 0 3 CARBOHYDRATES (10) Introduction to Biochemistry, Classification, Structure and Properties of Carbohydrates (Mono, Di, Oligo) - forms of Isomerism, Physiological importance homo and hetero Polysaccharides – muco polysaccharides- sialic acids-bacterial cell wall polysaccharides-glycoproteins - membrane and their biological function. PROTEINS (10) Classification of Amino acids, Structure and Properties of Amino acids-peptide bond- Classification of Proteins-Primary- Secondary- Tertiary and Quaternary structure of proteins – denaturation and renaturation –fibrous and globular proteins-Myoglobin & Hemoglobin, conjugated proteins. NUCLEIC ACIDS (07) Nucleic Acids – Structure of Purines – Pyrimidines – Nucleosides - Nucleotides - Ribonucleic acids - Deoxyribonucleic acids - Nucleoprotein complexes. LIPIDS (08) Structure and properties of Lipids – Classification, (Fatty acids, Glycerolipids, Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Sphingolipids, Steroids) - Physiological importance, prostaglandins - Significance of Cholesterol INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM (10) Glycolysis, TCA cycle, Gluconeogenesis, Pentose phosphate shunt, Urea cycle, Interconnection of pathways, metabolic regulation, Bioenergetics: Respiratory chain, TP cycle, energy rich compounds.

LECTURE: 45 TOTAL : 45 hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Lehninger’s Principles of Biochemistry by David L. Nelson and Michael M. Cox,

Macmillan Worth publisher. 2. Murray, R.K., Granner, B.K., Mayes, P.A., Rodwell, V.W., Harper’s Biochemistry Prentice

Hall International REFERENCES 1. Lubert Stryer, Biochemistry, 4th Edition, WH. Freeman and co., 2000. 2. Voet and Voet, Biochemistry 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1995.

24

08B206 FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING L T P C

4 0 0 4 ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS & MEASUREMENTS (12) Ohm’s Law – Kirchoff’s Laws- Steady state solution of DC Circuits- Introduction to AC Circuits- Waveforms and RMS Value- Power and Power factor- Single Phase and Three Phase Balanced Circuits. Operating Principles of Moving Coil and Moving Iron Instruments (Ammeters and Voltmeters), Dynamometer type Watt meters and energy meters, ELECTRICAL MACHINES (12) Construction, Principle of Operation, Basic Equations, Types, characteristics and Applications of DC Generators, DC Motors, single Phase Transformer, Induction Motors and Stepper Motors. SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND APPLICATIONS (12) Characteristics of PN Junction Diode- Zener Effect- Zener Diode and its characteristics- Half wave and Full wave Rectifiers- Voltage Regulation. Bipolar junction Transistor- CB, CE, CC configurations and characteristics- working , Principle and characteristics of Field Effect Transistor on JFET- MOSFET. Characteristics and Simple Applications of SCR, DIAC, TRIAC and UJT. DIGITAL ELECTRONICS (12) Binary Number system- Logic Gates- Boolean Algebra – Half and full Adders – Flip – Flops- Registers and counters – A/D and D/A Conversions. FUNDAMENTALS OF COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (12) Types of signals: Analog and digital signals- Modulation and Demodulation: Principles of Amplitude and Frequency Modulations. Communication system: Radio, TV, Microwave, Satellite, Radar and Optical Fibre (Block diagram Approach only)

LECTURE :60 Hours Total: 60 Hours. REFERENCES 1. Muthusubramaniam , Salivahanan S and Muraleedharan K A, “Basic Electrical , Electronic and computer Engineering” TMH, Second Edition, 2006. 2. Nagasarkar T K and sukhija M S , “ Basics of electrical engineering “ Oxford press 2005. 3. Methta V K , “Principle of Electronics “, S. Chand& Company Ltd, 1994. 4. Mahmood Nahvi and Joseph A Edminister, “Electric Circuits”’ Schaum’ Outline series, McGraw Hill, 2002. 5. Premkumar N, “Basic Electrical Engineering”, Anuradha Publishers, 2003.

25

08B207 BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY

L T P C 0 0 4 2

1) Units, Volume/Weight measurements, concentrations, units, pH measurements.

Preparation of buffers, Sensitivity, Specificity, precision and Accuracy. 2) Qualitative testes for carbohydrates. 3) Estimation of reducing sugars by the Benedict’s method. 4) Qualitative tests for Amino Acids. 5) Quantitative method for Amino Acids, Ninhydrin method. 6) Protein estimation Biuret, Folin’s, Spectrophotometry and Bradford Assay 7) Acid hydrolysis of proteins and estimation of Amino acids by Ninhydrin, OPA, PTH 8) Extraction of lipids. 9) Saponification of Fats. 10) Phospholipids: Ashing and estimation of phosphate. 11) Estimation of cholesterol. 12) Estimation of Nucleic Acids, Precipitation by sodium sulphate, Test for ribose and

deoxyribose. 13) Enzyme assays: Phosphatase from potato, Amylase from sweet potato, Trypsin

digestion of proteins.

Practical: 60 Hours Total : 60 Hours

26

08B208 MACHINE SHOP PRACTICE L T P C

0 0 3 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Study of different types of lathes and tools. 2. Study of different types of measuring instruments. 3. Facing, plain turning and step turning. 4. Groove cutting, parting, knurling and chamfering. 5. Taper turning. 6. Forming, counter sinking and knurling. 7. V – thread cutting. 8. Drilling and boring.

TOTAL : 45 Hours

27

08B3Z1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – III (Common to CIVIL, MECH., EEE, ECE, PROD., EIE, CSE, IT and IBT.)

L T P C

3 1 0 4

PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS (09) Formation of PDE by elimination arbitrary constants and functions – Solutions of standard types of first order equations – Lagrange’s equation – Linear partial differential equations of second and higher order with constant coefficients. FOURIER SERIES (09) Dirichlet’s Conditions – General Fourier Series – Half range Sine and Cosine series – Parseval’s Identity – Harmonic Analysis.

FOURIER TRANSFORMS (09) Statement of Fourier integral Theorem – Fourier transform – Fourier Sine and Cosine Transforms – Properties – Transforms of Simple functions , Convolution Theorem – Parseval’s Identity-Finite Fourier transforms . BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS (09) Method of separation of variables – One dimensional wave equation – One dimensional heat equation – Steady state conditions – Zero and non-zero boundary conditions – Fourier series solution. Z TRANSFORMS (09) Z –transforms-Elementary properties-Inverse Z –transform-Initial and Final value theorems- Convolution theorem-Formation of difference equations-Solution to difference equations using Z –transform .

LECTURE : 45 TUTORIAL : 15 TOTAL : 60 Hours

TEXT BOOK 1.Kandasamy.P, Thilagavathy.K and Gunavathy.K. “Engineering Mathematics” Vol I,II & III. S. Chand & Co., Ram Nagar, New Delhi, 2007. REFERENCES 1.Veerarajan.T., “Engineering Mathematics” for First year and for third Semester,Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., New Delhi. 2007. 2.M.K.Venkataraman, “Engineering Mathematics” Vol I, II & IIIA .The National Publishing company, Chennai, 2006. 3.B.S.Grewal, “Engineering Mathematics” Khanna publishers, New Delhi. 2007.

28

08B302 PRINCIPLES OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING L T P C 3 1 0 4

OVERVIEW OF PROCESS INDUSTRY. (08) Basic principles of unit operations and unit processes – Mass and energy conservation; SI units; conversion factors; composition conversion - applied mathematics for experimental curve fitting; numerical differentiation; integration. MATERIAL BALANCES (10) Overall and component balances; material balances without and with chemical reactions; stoichiometry – conversion and yield – recycle and by pass; combustion calculations.

ENERGY BALANCES (09) Energy balances; sensible heat, latent heat; vapor pressure – Chemical reactions – combustion. FLUID MECHANICS (10) Fluids; types – nature of flow - fluid statics and applications in chemical engineering; fluid flow; laminar; turbulent -pressure losses in flow system; compressible fluid flows. FLOW THROUGH PACKED COLUMNS (08) Flow through packed and fluidized bed column; centrifugal and piston pumps; characteristics; compressors; work .

LECTURE : 45 TUTORIAL : 15 TOTAL : 60 Hours

TEXT BOOKS 1. Bhatt B.I., Vora S.M. Stoichiometry, 4th Edition. Tata McGraw-Hill, 1990. 2. McCabe W.L., Smith J.C, Harriot P. Unit Operations In Chemical Engineering.

5th Edition. McGraw-Hill Inc., 1993. REFERENCES 1.Geankoplis C.J. Transport Processes And Unit Operations. Prentice Hall India, 2002.

29

03B303 BASICS OF INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

L T P C 3 0 0 3

INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL BIOPROCESS (08) A historical overview of industrial fermentation process – traditional and modern Biotechnology. Microbiology of Industrial Fermentation, A brief survey of microorganisms, processes, products relating to modern Biotechnology. Process flow sheet – block diagrams and pictorial representations PRODUCTION OF PRIMARY METABOLITES (10) A brief outline of processes for the production of some commercially important organic acids (citric acid, lactic acid & acetic acid); amino acids (glutamic acid, phenyl- alanine, aspartic acid, tryptophan, lysin) and alcohols (ethanol & butanol) PRODUCTION OF SECONDARY METABOLITES (10) Microbial synthesis of secondary metabolites and strain improvement. Study of production processes for various classes of secondary metabolites: antibiotics: beta-lactams (penicillin & cephalosporin), aminoglycosides (steptomycin), macrolides (erythromycin), vitamins and steroid PRODUCTION OF ENZYMES AND OTHER PRODUCTS (07) Production of industrial enzymes such as proteases, amylases, lipases & cellulases. Production of biopesticides & biopreservatives (Nisin), cheese, biopolymers(xanthan gum & PHB). PRODUCTION OF MODERN BIOTECHNOLOGY PRODUCTS (10) Production of recombinant proteins having therapeutic and diagnostic applications, Production of vaccines, production of monoclonal antibodies, products of plant and animal culture.

LECTURE : 45 TOTAL : 45 Hours TEXTBOOKS 1. Wulf Cruger and Anneliese Cruger, “A Textbook of Industrial Microbiology” , Panima Publishing Corporation. 2. Michael J. Waites, Neil L.Morgan, John.S. Rockey and Grey Higton, “Industrial Microbiology”: An Introduction, Blackwell science publishing house.

REFERENCES

1. Casida Jr, L. E., “Industrial Microbiology”, New Age International(p) Ltd 2. Presscott. Dunn, “Industrial Microbiology”, Agrobios(India).

30

08B304 CELL BIOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE ORGANELLES (10) Structure of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells and brief on their organelles, principles of membrane organization, membrane proteins, extra cellular matrix, cytoskeleton proteins, types of cell division, mitosis & meiosis, cell cycle and molecules that control cell cycle. TRANSPORT ACROSS BIO MEMBRANES (10) Passive & active transport, permeases, sodium potassium pump, Ca2+ ATPase pumps, lysosomal and vacuolar membrane ATP dependent proton pumps, Co- transport, symport, antiport, active group transportation , endocytosis and exocytosis. Entry of viruses and toxins into cells. RECEPTORS AND MODES OF CELL SIGNALLING (07) Cytosolic, nuclear and membrane bound receptors with examples, autocrine, paracrine and endocrine modes of action, quantitation and characterisation of receptors. SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION (09) Signal amplification, different models of signal amplifications, role of second messengers: cyclic AMP, inositol tri phosphates , cyclic GMP and g proteins, role in signal transduction, calcium ion flux and its role in cell signaling, current models of signal amplification, role of protein kinases - serine –threonine kinases, tumor necrosis factor receptor families. BASICS OF CELL CULTURE (09) Techniques for the propagation of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Cell line, generation of cell lines, maintenance of stock cells, characterization of cells, immunochemistry, morphological analysis techniques in cell culture, primary cultures, contamination, differentiation, three dimensional cultures, role of matrix in cell growth. LECTURE:45 TOTAL: 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Darnell J, Lodish H, Baltimore D, Molecular Cell Biology, W.H.Freeman;Fourth

edition1999 2. De Robertis & De Robertis,Cell Biology; Fourth edition 2007. REFERENCES 1. Kimball T.W., Cell Biology, Wesley Publishers; Third edition1984 2. James D. Watson, Molecular Biology of The Cell. Third edition 2004

31

08B305 BIO-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY L T P C

3 0 0 3 CONCEPTS IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (09) Chemical bonding – Overview:- five membered and six membered hetero aromatic rings and fused ring systems, high energy compounds, major aliphatic and aromatic functional groups. Stereochemistry – R,S notation – re-si faces – e,z isomerism- conformers- ethane – cyclopean - reactivates- mechanisms of sn1 sn2 reactions, e1 e2 reactions – ester formation and hydrolysis, reaction rates - hammond's postulate – h/d effects.

CASE STUDIES OF ENZYME STRUCTURE AND MECHANISM (09) Biocatalysis – Enzymes and their classification - The dehydrogenases – the proteases – ribonucleases – lysozyme- stability of proteins – stability – activity tradeoff.

STEREOCHEMISTRY OF ENZYMATIC REACTIONS (09) Catalysis – general acid – base and covalent catalysis. Stereospecific enzymatic reactions – fumarase catalysed reactions – NAD dependent oxidation and reduction reactions - stereochemistry of nucleophilic reactions – chiral methyl group – chiral phosphate.

KINETICS OF PROTEIN FOLDING (09) Basic principles of protein folding – two state kinetics – multistate kinetics – transition states in protein folding – 1h/2h exchange methods – folding of peptides.

FOLDING PATHWAYS & ENERGY LANDSCAPES (09) Folding of ci2 – nucleation condensation mechanism – folding of barnase – time resolution – insights from theory – optimization of folding rates – molecular chaperones.

LECTURE : 45 TOTAL : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOK 1. Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science: A Guide to Enzyme Catalysis and

Protein Folding; A. R Fersht, W.H. Freeman, 1999. REFERENCES 1. Bioorganic Chemistry; H. Dugas, Springer Verlag, 1999. 2. Organic chemistry; 6th Ed; Robert Thornton Morrison and Robert Neilson Boyd.

32

08B306 MICROBIOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3 INTRODUCTION (08) History of microbiology, Microbial existence-Soil, Water and Air; classification and nomenclature of microorganism, microscopic examination of microorganisms, light and electron microscopy; principles of different staining techniques like gram staining, acid fast, capsular staining, flagella staining.

MICROBES-STRUCTURE AND MULTIPLICATION (10) Structural organization and multiplication of bacteria, viruses, algae and fungi with a special mention of life history of actinomycetes, yeast, mycoplasma and bacteriophage.

MICROBIAL NUTRITION, GROWTH AND METABOLISM (10) Nutritional requirements of bacteria and different media used for bacterial culture; growth curve and different methods to quantify the bacterial growth, aerobic and anaerobic bioenergetics and utilization of energy for biosynthesis of important molecules.

CONTROL OF MICROORGANISMS (08) Physical and chemical control of microorganisms; anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-viral agents, mode of action of antibiotics and its resistance; clinically important microorganisms; Host-microbe interactions.

INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY (09) Primary metabolites; secondary metabolites and their applications; preservation of food; Role of Microorganism for the production of penicillin, alcohol, vit.b-12; biogas; bioremediation; leaching of ores by microorganisms; Micorhiza; microorganisms and pollution control; biosensors. LECTURE : 45 TOTAL : 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Pelczar MJ, Chan ECS and Krein NR, Microbiology, Tata McGraw Hill Edition, New

Delhi, India. REFERENCES 1. Talaron K, Talaron A, Casita, Pelczar And Reid. Foundations In Microbiology,

W.C.Brown Publishers, 1993. 2. Prescott LM, Harley JP, Klein DA, Microbiology, 3rd Edition, Wm. C. Brown

Publishers, 1996.

33

08B307 BIO-ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LAB

L T P C 0 0 4 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Synthesis of aspirin 2. Hydrolysis of sucrose 3. Preparation of pyruvic acid from tartaric acid 4. Preparation of oleic acid from tartaric acid 5. Preparation of alpha d- glucopyranose pentaacetate 6. Preparation of 1,2,5,6 dicyclohexylnoine alpha d glucofuranose 7. Isolation of lycopene from tomato paste 8. Preparation of l-proline 9. Preparation of l-cysteine from hair 10. Preparation of s-ethyl hydroxybutonate from ethyl acetoacetate using yeast 11. Resolution of s-ethyl hydroxybutonate using 3,5 dinitrobenzoate. 12. Preparation of 5,10,15,20-tetrakisphenyl porphyrin. 13. Isolation of casein from milk. 14. Isolation of starch from potato tubers. 15. Isolation of caffeine from tea leaves.

Total : 60 Hours

REFERENCE

1. Fummis B.S., Hannaford A.J., Smith P.W.G., " Text Book Of Practical Organic Chemistry ", Longman Edition, 1995.

34

08B308 CELL BIOLOGY LAB L T P C 0 0 4 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Introduction to principles of sterile techniques and cell propagation. 2. Principles of microscopy, phase contrast and fluorescent microscopy. 3. Identification of given plant, animal and bacterial cells and their components by Microscopy. 4. Leishman Staining. 5. Thin Layer Chromatography. 6. Giemsa Staining. 7. Separation of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from blood. 8. Osmosis and Tonicity. 9. Tryphan Blue Assay. 10. Staining for different stages of mitosis in AlliumCepa (Onion). 11.Identification of meiosis cell division in Grass hopper testis.

Total : 60 Hours

35

08B309 MICROBIOLOGY LAB

L T P C 0 0 4 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Laboratory safety and sterilization techniques 2. Microscopic methods in the identification of microorganisms 3. Preparation of culture media – nutrient broth and nutrient agar 4. Culturing of microorganisms – in broth and in plates ( pour plates, streak plates,

isolation and preservation of bacterial cultures) 5. Staining techniques – grams’ and differential 6. Quantitation of microorganisms. 7. Effect of disinfectants on microbial flora 8. Isolation and identification of microorganisms from different sources – soil, water

and milk 9. Antibiotic sensitivity assay 10. Growth curve – observation and growth characteristics of bacteria and yeast. 11. Effect of different parameters on bacterial growth (pH, temperature & UV

irradiation)

Total : 60 Hours

36

08B401 PROBABILITY, STATISTICS AND RANDOM PROCESSES (Common to ECE and IBT.)

L T P C

3 1 0 4 Probability and Random variables (09) Sample spaces – Events - Probability Axioms – Conditional Probability – Independent Events – Baye’s Formula. Random Variables : Distributions Functions – Marginal Distributions – Conditional Distributions – Expectation – Conditional Expectation and Conditional Variance – Moments - Moment Generating Functions. Probability distribution (09) Binomial , Poisson , Geometric , Uniform , Exponential , Normal , Gamma , Weibull ( Mean , Variance , Moment Generating function and Simple problems).Correlation – Regression – Multiple and Partial Correlation – Partial Regression ( Problems Only) Test of Hypothesis (09) Tests for Means , Variances and proportions – Tests for Means , Variances and Attributes using t , F , Chi – Square distribution – Interval estimation for mean , Standard deviation – Proportion. Analysis of Variances and Statistical Quality Control (09) One way classification , Two way classification and Latin square design ( Only problems). Statistical basis for control charts – Control limits – Control charts for variables : X , R Charts – Control chart for defective : p , np Chart - Control chart for defects : c charts. Random Processes (09) Classification of random process – Stationarity – Auto Correlation function and its properties – Cross Correlation function and its properties - Mean – Ergodic process and Correlation Ergodic Process – Power Spectral Density Function and its properties – Poisson process – Markov Process – Markov Chain – Classification of states of a Markov Chain – Steady state distribution of a Markov Chain.

LECTURE : 45 TUTORIAL : 15 TOTAL : 60Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. S.C. Gupta and V. K. Kapoor, Fundamentals of Mathematical Statistics , Sultan Chand&Sons, New Delhi – 1999. 2. S. P. Gupta ,Statistical Methods , Sultan Chand & Sons , New Delhi – 1999. 3. P. Kandasamy, K.Thilagavathy and K.Gunavathy, Probability and Random Process, S.Chand & Co. Ltd ., New Delhi - 2003 REFERENCES 1. K. S. Trivedi ,Probability and Statistics with Reliability , Queuing and Computer Science Applications , Prentice Hall of India Ltd., New Delhi. 2. T. Veerarajan,Probability , Statistics and Random Process , Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi – 2003.

37

08B402 UNIT OPERATIONS L T P C 3 1 0 4

MIXING AND AGITATION (08) Dimensional analysis; power for agitation; agitation of liquids; gas-liquid systems; gas-solid suspensions; agitator scale up. FILTRATION (08) Constant pressure, constant volume batch filtration; continuous filtration; industrial filters; settling and sedimentation; centrifugal separation. MECHANISM OF HEAT TRANSFER (10) Steady state conduction; conduction through series resistance; lumped heat capacity; extended surfaces; combined conduction and convection, radiation. CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER (10) Dimensional analysis; forced and natural convection; forced convection in pipes and other geometries; boiling and condensation. HEAT EXCHANGERS (09) Over view of heat exchangers, overall heat transfer coefficients; design of heat exchangers; double pipe, shell & tube heat exchangers, NTU concept; evaporators; single and multiple effects; mass and enthalpy balances.

LECTURE : 45 TUTORIAL: 15 TOTAL : 60 Hours

TEXT BOOKS 1. Geankoplis C.J. Transport Processes And Unit Operations. Prentice Hall India.2002. 2. McCabe W.L., Smith J.C. Unit Operations In Chemical Engineering.5th Edition.Mcgrawhill.1993. REFERENCES 1. Incropera F.P. Fundamentals Of Heat And Mass Transfer. John Wiley.1998. 2. Sachdeva R.C., Fundamentals of engineering heat & mass transfer, New age

international publishers, New Delhi – 1995.

38

08B403 BIOCHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS L T P C 3 1 0 4

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF FLUIDS (09) Volumetric properties of fluids exhibiting non ideal behavior; residual properties; estimation of thermodynamic properties using equations of state; calculations involving actual property exchanges; Maxwell’s relations and applications. SOLUTION THERMODYNAMICS (09) Partial molar properties; concepts of chemical potential and fugacity; ideal and non-ideal solutions; concepts and applications of excess properties of mixtures; activity coefficient; composition models; Gibbs Duhem equation. PHASE EQUILIBRIA (09) Criteria for phase equilibria; v-l-e calculations for binary and multi component systems; liquid-liquid equilibria and solid-solid equilibria. CHEMICAL REACTION EQUILIBRIA (09) Equilibrium criteria for homogeneous chemical reactions; evaluation of equilibrium constant; effect of temperature and pressure on equilibrium constant; calculation of equilibrium conversion and yields for single and multiple reactions. BIOENERGETICS (09) Energetics of metabolic pathways – energy coupling (ATP & NADH); stoichiometry – energetic analysis of cell growth and product formation – elemental balances. Degree of reduction concepts; available- electron balances; yield coefficients ; oxygen consumption and heat evolution in aerobic cultures; thermodynamic efficiency of growth.

LECTURE : 45 TUTORIAL : 15 TOTAL : 60 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Smith J.M., Van Ness H.C., Abbot M.M. Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics. 6th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2001. 2. Narayanan K.V. A Text Book Of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics. Prentice Hall India, 2001. REFERENCES 1. Sandler S.I. Chemical And Engineering Thermodynamics. John Wiley,1989. 2. Bailey & Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, II edition, Megraw Hil – 1986.l

39

08B404 BIOCHEMISTRY - II L T P C 3 0 0 3

METABOLISM OF AMINO ACIDS & PROTEINS (10) Protein degradation, Targeting of organelle proteins and receptor mediated endocytosis. Nitrogen metabolism and urea cycle. Biosynthesis of six essential amino acids (Met, Thr, Lys, Ile, Val, Leu) and biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Metabolic disorders associated with branched chain and aromatic amino acid degradation. Important molecules derived from amino acids (auxins, DOPA, Serotonin, porphyrins, T3, T4, Adrenaline, Noradrenaline, histamine, GABA, polyamines etc). METABOLISM OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND POLYSACCHARIDES (10) Biosynthesis of nucleotides, denovo and salvage pathways for purines and pyrimidines, regulatory mechanisms: Metabolic disorders associated with nucleic acid metabolism. Biosynthesis and degradation of starch and glycogen, glycogen storage disorders. METABOLISM OF LIPIDS (08) Biosynthesis and degradation of Lipids: Fatty acid synthesis and oxidative degradation, Triacylglycerol, phospholipid biosynthesis and degradation; Cholesterol biosynthesis, regulation, targets and action of cholesterol lowering drugs, Steroid hormones . STRUCTURAL PROTEINS AND CYTOSKELETON (07) Contractile proteins, Actin, actin polymerization, myosin, acto-myosin complexes, mechanism of myosin ATPase activity, excitation- contraction coupling and relaxation, microtubules, microfilaments and their role in organelle movements. BIOMEMBRANE, TRANSPORT AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY (10) Membrane proteins, trans-membrane potential coupled ATP generation, receptors, acetylcholine receptor as a ligand gated ion-channel, Neuronal sodium channel as voltage-gated ion channel, neurotransmitters and their mechanism of action, action potential, depolarization and nerve conduction. Ion-channel agonists and antagonists as drugs. Ion channel defects (Cystic Fibrosis).

LECTURE : 45 TOTAL : 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Lehninger's Principles of Biochemistry by David L. Nelson and Michael M Cox, Macmillan Worth Publisher, IVth edition, 2004. 2. Lubert Stryer, Biochemistry, 5th Edition, WH Freeman & Co., 2002. 3. Voet and Voet, Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2004. REFERENCES 1. Murray, R.K., Granner, B.K., Mayes, P.A., Rodwell. V.W., Harper’s Biochemistry, Prentice Hall International27th edition, 2006. 2. Salway, J.G., Metabolism at a Glance, 2nd Edition, Blackwell Science Ltd., 2000.

40

08B405 INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS

L T P C 3 0 0 3

BASICS OF MEASUREMENT (08) Classification of methods – calibration of instrumental methods – electrical components and circuits – signal to noise ratio – signal – noise enhancement, introduction to fluorescent spectroscopy. OPTICAL METHODS (09) General design – sources of radiation – wavelength selectors – sample containers – radiation transducers – types of optical instruments – Fourier transform measurements, X- Ray Crystallography, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY (10) Measurement of transmittance and absorbance – Lambert-Beer's law – spectrophotometer analysis – qualitative and quantitative absorption measurements - types of spectrometers – UV – visible – IR – Raman spectroscopy – instrumentation – theory. THERMAL METHODS (08) Different thermal analysis techniques. Differential scanning calorimetry - instrumentation & application. Differential thermal analysis - instrumentation & application, DTA curve. Thermogravimetry – instrumentation & application, TG curve. CROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION METHODS (10) Introduction to chromatography – models – ideal separation – retention parameters – van – deemter equation – gas chromatography – stationary phases – detectors – kovats indices – HPLC – pumps – columns – detectors – ion exchange chromatography – size exclusion chromatography.

LECTURE : 45 TOTAL : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Chatwal & Anand “Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis” 2. Instrumental Methods Of Analysis ; Willard and .H. Merrit, Phi, 1999. REFERENCE 1. Instrumental Methods of Analysis, D. Skoog, 2000.

41

08B406 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

CLASSICAL & MOLECULAR GENETICS (05) Mendelian genetics, linkage, crossing over, classical experiments – Hershey and Chase; Avery McLeod & McCarty. Conformation of DNA and RNA. Organisation of eukaryotic chromosome – cot value,. Bacterial conjugation, transduction and transformation. DNA REPLICATION (10) Rules of replication in all nucleic acid, enzymology, replication – continuous, discontinuous. Replication in prokaryotes - D-loop and rolling circle mode of replication, replication of linear viral DNA. Replication of telomeres in eukaryotes TRANSCRIPTION (10) Enzymatic sysntheis of RNA, classes of RNA. Transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, features of promoters and enhancers, transcription factors, nuclear RNA splicing mechanisms – tRNA, rRNA, mRNA, ribozymes. TRANSLATION (10) Elucidation of genetic code, decoding system, codon-anticodon interaction - redundancy, Wobble hypothesis, ribosomes – prokaryotic & eukaryotic, protein synthesis, post translational modifications REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION (10) Regulatuion of genes – replication, transcription & translation factors, Lac and trp operon. Mutation – transition, transversion, artificial & natural mutation, suppressor mutation. Repair of DNA.

LECTURE : 45 TOTAL: 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. David Friefelder, Molecular Biology, Narosa Publ. House. 1999 REFERENCES 1. Benjamin Lewin, Gene VII, Oxford University Press. 2000 2. Watson JD, Hopkins WH, Roberts JW, Steitz JA, Weiner AM,. Molecular Biology of

the Gene. 1987

42

08B407 INSTRUMENTAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS LAB L T P C 0 0 4 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Precision and validity in an experiment using absorption spectroscopy. 2. Validating Lambert-Beer's law using KMnO4 3. Finding the concentration of KMnO4 using colorimeter. 4. Finding the analytical wavelength of KMnO4 using colorimeter 5. Finding the concentration of the Fe (1, 10 phenanthroline) using absorption

spectrometry. 6. UV spectra of nucleic acids. 7. Chromatography analysis using TLC. 8. Finding the concentration of Na and Ca using flame photometer. 9. Finding the concentration of fluorescein using fluorimeter . 10. Finding the concentration of Na and Ca using atomic absorption

spectrophotometer. 11. Nuclear magnetic resonance. 12. Infrared spectrophotometer.

Total : 60 Hours

43

08B408 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LAB L T P C

0 0 4 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Agarose gel electrophoresis 2. Isolation of plasmid DNA 3. Isolation of plant cell DNA 4. Isolation of animal cell genomic DNA 5. Restriction enzyme digestion 6. Competent cells preparation 7. Transformation of DNA into competent cells 8. Blue and white selection for recombinants 9. PAGE 10. Plating of λ phage 11. λ phage lysis of liquid cultures

Total : 60 Hours

44

08B409 UNIT OPERATIONS LAB L T P C 0 0 4 2

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Flow measurement 2. Pressure drop in pipes 3. Flow through packed columns 4. Fluidization 5. Filtration 6. Heat exchangers 7. Size reduction experiments 8. Simple and steam distillation 9. Liquid-liquid extraction studies. 10. Adsorption studies.

Total : 60 Hours TEXT BOOK

1. McCabe W.L., Smith J.C. Unit Operations In Chemical Engineering.5th Edition.Mcgrawhill.1993.

45

08B501 BIOINFORMATICS

L T P C 3 1 0 4

UNIT - I INTRODUCTION (12) Operating system - Basic UNIX commands –– File , directory related commands – pipes and Filter – FAP; Perl – Introduction, Basic Operators and Control Structures, Scalars, Lists, Hashes, File manipulation ; Computer network – protocols & Topology UNIT - II DATABASES (09) Databases – introduction, concepts – Biological Databases – Primary databases – Nucleic acids – ncbi, ddbj, embl. Proteins – PIR, Swissprot; Secondary databases – Prosite, PRINTS, profile, Pfam; Structure classification databases – SCOPE, CATH. Model organisms.

UNIT - III PATTERN MATCHING & MACHINE LEARNING (09) Pair wise sequence alignment ; local vs. global alignment – multiple sequence alignment – dot matrix analysis – substitution matrices – dynamic programming – Bayesian methods – tools – BLAST – FASTA- machine learning – neural networks – statistical methods – Hidden Markov models.

UNIT - IV PHYLOGENY (09) Introduction; mutations; irrelevant mutations; controls; mutations as a measure of time; distances; reconstruction; distances between species; estimating time intervals from distances.

UNIT - V ADVANCED TOPICS IN BIOINFORMATICS (06) Biomolecular modeling - 3D Structure prediction – Homology modeling; Micro array analysis – systems biology.

Total : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOK 1. B. Bergeron, Bioinformatics Computing,, PHI, 2002. 2. PERL programming for bioinformatics : Harshawardhan P Bal; Tata Mc Graw

hill publications (2003) 3. S.Sundara rajan , R.Balaji : Introduction to Bioinformatics: Himalaya

publishing house(2003)

REFERENCES 1. C. Gibas & P. Jambeck, Developing Bioinformatics Skills, O'Reilly, 1999. 2. David. W. Mount : “Bioinformatics genome and sequence analysis” CSHL

publications.2004

46

08B502 ENZYME ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION TO ENZYMES (09)

Classification of enzymes. mechanisms of enzyme action; concept of active site and energetics of enzyme substrate complex formation; specificity of enzyme action; principles of catalysis – collision theory, transition state theory; role of entropy in catalysis.

UNIT – II KINETICS OF ENZYME ACTION (12)

Kinetics of single substrate reactions; estimation of Michaelis – Menten parameters, multisubstrate reactions- mechanisms and kinetics; turnover number; types of enzyme inhibitions, allosteric regulation of enzymes, Monod changeux wyman model, deactivation kinetics.

UNIT - III ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION (08)

Physical and chemical techniques for enzyme immobilization – adsorption, matrix entrapment, encapsulation, cross-linking, covalent binding etc., - examples, advantages and disadvantages.

UNIT - IV

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ENZYMES FROM NATURAL SOURCE (08)

Production and purification of crude enzyme extracts from plant, animal and microbial sources; methods of characterization of enzymes.

UNIT - V ENZYME BIOSENSORS (08)

Application of enzymes in analysis, industry, healthcare and environment; Enzyme biosensor and its significance

Total : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOK

1. Trevor Palmer “Enzymes”, Affiliated East West Press Pvt Ltd, New Delhi,2004 2. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark, Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker Inc,1996. REFERENCES

1. James M. Lee, Biochemical Engineering, PHI, USA.,1992. 2. James. E. Bailey & David F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, McGraw Hill,1986.

47

08B503 ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT – I ANIMAL CELL CULTURE (12) Introduction to basic tissue culture techniques, equipments and instruments in ATC - chemically defined and serum free media - animal cell cultures - maintenance and preservation - various types of cultures; suspension cultures - continuous flow cultures - immobilized cultures - somatic cell fusion - organ cultures. UNIT – II ANIMAL DISEASES AND THEIR DIAGNOSIS (09) Animal bacteria and animal viruses and its diseases in animals - monoclonal antibodies – diagnosis - molecular diagnostic techniques; PCR - in-situ hybridization - northern -southern blotting - RFLP. UNIT – III THERAPY OF ANIMAL DISEASES (10) Recombinant cytokines - monoclonal antibody production – therapy – vaccines; DNA, sub unit, cocktail vaccines - gene therapy for animal diseases. UNIT – IV MICROMANIPULATION OF EMBRYO’S (07) Micromanipulation technology - equipments - enrichment of x and y bearing sperms from semen samples - artificial insemination - germ cell manipulations – in vitro fertilization -embryo transfer - micromanipulation technology and breeding of farm animals.

UNIT – V TRANSGENIC ANIMALS (07) Concepts of transgenic animal technology; strategies for the production of transgenic animals – significance in biotechnology - stem cell cultures in production of transgenic animals.

Total: 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Ranga M.M. Animal Biotechnology. Agrobios India Limited, 2002 2. Ramadass P, Meera Rani S. Text Book Of Animal Biotechnology. Akshara Printers,

1997. REFERENCE 1. Masters J.R.W. Animal Cell Culture: Practical Approach. Oxford University

Press.2000

48

08B504 BIOPROCESS PRINCIPLES L T P C

3 1 0 4 UNIT - I OVERVIEW OF FERMENTATION PROCESSES (06) Overview of fermentation industry, general requirements of fermentation processes, basic configuration of Fermentor and ancillaries, main parameters to be monitored and controlled in fermentation processes. UNIT - II RAW MATERIALS AND MEDIA DESIGN FOR FERMENTATION

PROCESS (08) Criteria for good medium, medium requirements for fermentation processes, carbon, nitrogen, minerals, vitamins and other complex nutrients, oxygen requirements, medium formulation of optimal growth and product formation, examples of simple and complex media, medium optimization methods – Plackett and Burman and Response surface method.

UNIT - III STERILIZATION KINETICS (06) Thermal death kinetics of microorganisms, batch and continuous heat sterilization of liquid media, filter sterilization of liquid media, air sterilization and design of sterilization equipment - batch and continuous. UNIT - IV METABOLIC STOICHIOMETRY AND ENERGETICS (12) Stoichiometry of cell growth and product formation, elemental balances, degrees of reduction of substrate and biomass, available electron balances, yield coefficients of biomass and product formation, maintenance coefficients energetic analysis of microbial growth and product formation, oxygen consumption – steps involved in the transfer of oxygen to broth and heat evolution in aerobic cultures.

UNIT - V KINETICS OF MICROBIAL GROWTH AND

PRODUCT FORMATION (13) Modes of operation - batch, fed batch and continuous cultivation. Simple unstructured kinetic models for microbial growth, Monod model, growth of filamentous organisms, product formation kinetics - leudeking-piret models, substrate and product inhibition on cell growth and product formation.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Bailey and Ollis, " Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals", McGraw Hill (2nd

Ed.), 1986. 2. Shuler and Kargi, " Bioprocess Engineering ", Prentice Hall, 1992. REFERENCES 1. Pauline Doran, Bioprocess Engineering Calculation, Blackwell Scientific

Publications,1992. 2. Peter F. Stanbury, Stephen J. Hall & A. Whitaker, Principles of Fermentation

Technology, Science & Technology Books.1992 3. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark, Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Dekker,

Inc.1986.

49

08B505 MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS L T P C

3 0 0 3 UNIT – I DIFFUSION AND MASS TRANSFER (09) Molecular diffusion in solids, liquids and gases; Interphase mass transfer; Methods to determine mass transfer coefficients; Analogies in Transport phenomenon. UNIT – II GAS - LIQUID OPERATIONS (09) Principles of gas absorption; Single and Multi component absorption; Absorption with chemical reaction; Design principles of absorbers; Industrial absorption equipments; HTU, NTU concepts. UNIT – III VAPOUR - LIQUID OPERATIONS (09) Vapour-Liquid equilibria; Simple, Steam and Flash Distillation; Continuous distillation; McCabe-Thiele & enthalpy-concentration method; Industrial distillation equipments, HETP, HTU and NTU concepts. UNIT – IV EXTRACTION OPERATIONS (09) Liquid-Liquid equilibria, Staged and continuous extraction, Solid-liquid equilibria, Leaching principles, Equipments for extraction and leaching. UNIT – V SOLID - FLUID OPERATIONS (09) Adsorption equilibria – Types - Batch and fixed bed adsorption; Drying - Mechanism - Drying curves - Time of drying; Equipments for drying - Batch and continuous dryers.

Total = 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Treybal R.E. Mass Transfer Operations.3rd edition. Mcgraw Hill, 1981. 2. Geankoplis C.J. Transport Processes and Unit Operations. 3rd edition, Prentice

Hall of India, 2002. REFERENCE 1. Coulson and Richardson’s Chemical Engineering. Vol I & II, Asian Books Pvt Ltd, 1998.

50

08B506 GENETIC ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3

NIT – I BASICS OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY (05) Role of genes within cells - genetic elements that control gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes – Repressors and Promotors – Methods of creating recombinant molecules - Restriction and modifying enzymes - safety guidelines of recombinant DNA research. UNIT - II CREATION OF RECOMBINANT MOLECULES (10) Restriction mapping, design of linkers and adaptors. Characteristics of plasmid and phage vectors, prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression vectors. Insect, Yeast and Mammalian vectors. UNIT - III CONSTRUCTION OF LIBRARIES (10) Characterization of recombinant clones by southern, Northern, western and PCR analysis. Construction of cDNA and genomic libraries. Screening of libraries with DNA probes and antisera. UNIT - IV POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (10) DNA amplification, primer synthesis – Taq polymerase – Types of PCR -Inverse PCR, Nested PCR, RACE PCR, RAPD, Taqman assay, Molecular beacons, site directed mutagenesis (Kunkel’s Method) - methods of nucleic acid sequencing- Sangers method. UNIT - V APPLICATIONS OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY (10) Cloning in plants - Ti plasmid – Integration and transfer of T – DNA – modification of T – DNA as a vector – Agro bacterium mediated gene transfer – Antisense technology - Transgenic animals – embryo transfer eg. Dolly. Applications of recombinant technology in agriculture, pharmaceutical industry and medicine – knockout animals.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Old RW, Primrose SB, "Principles Of Gene Manipulation, An Introduction To

Genetic Engineering ", Blackwell Science Publications, 1993. REFERENCES

1. Ansubel FM, Brent R, Kingston RE, Moore DD, "Current Protocols In Molecular Biology ", Greene Publishing Associates, NY, 1988.

2. Berger Sl, Kimmer AR, "Methods In Enzymology", Vol 152, Academic Press,1987

51

08B507 BIOINFORMATICS LAB L T P C 0 0 3 2

1. Biological Databanks - Sequence Databases, Structure Databases, Specialized Databases; Data retrieval tools and methods; Database file formats. 2. Molecular visualization- Rasmol, Cn3D, Swiss PDB Viewer. 3. Database similarity searching and the Dynamic programming algorithm -Sequence similarity searching - NCBI BLAST, FASTA - Pair wise & Multiple sequence alignment (ClustalW)- Smith Waterman & Needleman Wounch algorithm. 4. Analysis of protein and nucleic acids sequences- Dot matrix, Substitution matrix. 5. Protein sequence analysis -ExPASy proteomics tools 6. Molecular phylogeny — Construction of Phylogenetic tree — Maximum parsimony & Maximum Likelihood method —PHYLIP program 7. Homology Modeling - Homology Modeling using SPDBV Model structure refinement using SPDBV-Ramachandran plot. Model validation using What Check and Pro Check and Verify 3D. Total 45 Hrs. TEXT BOOK 1. BIOTNFORMATICS Databases, Tools and Algorithms by Orpita Bosu, Simminder Kaur Thukral. Oxford University Press. 2Q07. 2. Bioinformatics a Practical Approach by K. Mani and N. Vijayaraj, Aparna Publications, Coimbatore. 2004.

52

08B508 BIOPROCESS LAB I

L T P C 0 0 4 2

1. Growth of bacteria – estimation of biomass, calculation of specific growth rate, yield

coefficient

2. Growth of yeast – estimation of biomass, calculation of specific growth rate, yield

coefficient

3. Medium optimization – Plackett Burman design

4. Enzyme kinetics – Michaelis Menten parameters

5. Enzyme activity – effect of temperature and pH

6. Enzyme inhibition kinetics

7. Enzyme immobilization – gel entrapment

8. Enzyme immobilization – cross linking

9. Preparation of bioreactor, utilities for bioreactor operation (Batch, Fed batch, continuous)

10. Sterilization Kinetics

Total : 60 Hours

53

08B509 GENETIC ENGINEERING LAB

L T P C

0 0 4 2

1. Preparation of plasmid DNA

2. Elution of DNA from agarose gels

3. Ligation of DNA into expression vectors

4. Transformation

5. Optimisation of inducer concentration for recombinant protein expression

6. Optimisation of time of inducer for recombinant protein expression

7. SDS-PAGE

8. Western blotting

9. Hybridisation with anti-sera

10. PCR.

Total : 60 Hours

54

08B601 METABOLIC ENGINEERING L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT – I REVIEW OF CELLULAR METABOLISM (09) An overview of cellular metabolism – transport processes – Fueling reactions – glycolysis – fermentative pathways – TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation – anaplerotic pathways – catabolism of fats, organic acids and amino acids – biosynthetic reactions of amino acids – nucleic acids, fatty acids and other building blocks – polymerization – growth energetics. UNIT – II COMPREHENSIVE MODELS FOR CELLULAR REACTIONS (09) Stoichiometry of cellular reactions – reaction rates – dynamic mass balances – Yield coefficients and linear rate equation; Material Balance and data consistency – black box model elemental balance – heat balance – analysis of over determined systems – identification of gross measurement errors. UNIT – III REGULATION OF METABOLIC PATHWAYS (09) Overview of enzyme kinetics – simple reversible inhibition systems – irreversible inhibition – allosteric enzymes; cooperativity – regulation of enzyme concentration – transcription initiation – translation; regulation at whole cell level – regulation of metabolic networks; enhancements of product yield and productivity for ethanol and amino acids pathways, metabolic pathway manipulations to extend substrate range, product spectrum and novel products; improvement of cellular properties. UNIT – IV METABOLIC FLUX ANALYSIS (09) Theory – overdetermined systems – underdetermined systems – sensitivity analysis – methods for the experimental determination of metabolic fluxes by isotope labeling direct flux determination from fractional enrichment – applications involving complete enumeration of metabolite isotopomers – carbon metabolite balances. Applications of metabolic flux analysis – amino acid production by Glutamic acid Bacteria. UNIT – V METABOLIC CONTROL ANALYSIS (09) Fundamentals of Metabolic control analysis – determination of flux control coefficients – MCA of Linear pathways – branched pathways – theory of large deviation.

Total: 45Hours TEXTBOOKS

1. Gregory N. Stepanopoulos, Aristos A. Aristidou, Jens Nielsen, Metabolic Engineeing Principles and methodologies, Academic Press, 1998.

REFERENCES

1. Wang D.I.C., Cooney C.L. Demain A.L. Dunnil.P., Humphery A.E. Lilly M.D., “Fermentation And Enzyme Technology”, John Wiley And Sons. 1980.

2. Zubay G., “Biochemistry”, Macmillan Publishers, 1989.

55

08B602 CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING L T P C 3 1 0 4

UNIT – I KINETICS OF HOMOGENOUS REACTIONS (09) Concentration and temperature dependent term of rate equation – searching for mechanism – predictability of reaction rate from theory; Interpretation of batch reactor data – constant volume and variable volume batch reactors – temperature and reaction rate - development of rate equations for different homogeneous reactions (up to second order reactions both reversible and irreversible reactions) . UNIT – II REACTOR DESIGN (09) Ideal batch reactors – steady state MFR & PFR – holding time for flow systems; Design for single reactions - performance equations for single reactors – size comparison of single reactors – MFR vs PFR for first and second order reactions – graphical comparison; multiple reactor systems – PFR in series/ parallel – equal size and different size Mixed reactors in series; reactors of different types in series. Design for Multiple reactions ( first order reactions only) UNIT – III NON IDEAL FLOW (09) RTD of fluid in vessel – relationship between F,C & E curve – conversion from tracer information ; non-ideal flow models – Dispersion model and Tanks in series Model; Multiparameter models – models for fluidized beds. UNIT - IV DESIGN FOR HETEROGENOUS SYSTEMS (09) Rate equations – contacting patterns for two phase systems; fluid particle reactions – unreacted core model for spherical particles of unchanging size – rate of reaction for shrinking spherical particles – determination of rate controlling step – application to design; reactions steps; resistances and rate equations; Fluid – Fluid reactions – rate equations. UNIT - V SOLID CATALYSED REACTIONS (09) Rate equation – rate controlling mechanisms – experimental methods for finding rates – product distribution in multiple reactions – application to design; Deactivating catalysts – mechanism – rate equation.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS

1. Levenspiel O. Chemical Reaction Engineering. 3rd Edition. John Wiley.1999. 2. Fogler H.S. Elements Of Chemical Reaction Engineering. Prentice Hall India.2002

REFERENCES 1. Missen R.W., Mims C.A., Saville B.A. Introduction To Chemical Reaction Engineering

And Kinetics. John Wiley.1999.

56

08B603 BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING L T P C 3 1 0 4

UNIT - I DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BIOREACTORS (12) Modelling of Non-Ideal Behavior in Bioreactors, Tanks-in-series and Dispersion models-application to design of continuous sterilizers; Design and operation of novel bioreactors-airlift, bubble column, packed bed and fluidized bed reactors, Stability analysis of bioreactors. UNIT - II BIOREACTOR SCALE – UP (08) Regime analysis of bioreactor processes, oxygen mass transfer in bioreactors - microbial oxygen demands; methods for the determination of mass transfer coefficients; mass transfer correlations. Scale up criteria for bioreactors based on oxygen transfer, power consumption and impeller tip speed. UNIT - III MONITORING OF BIOPROCESSES (08) On-line data analysis for measurement of important physico-chemical and biochemical parameters; Methods of on-line and off-line biomass estimation; microbial calorimetry; Flow injection analysis for measurement of substrates. Product and other metabolites. UNIT - IV MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF BIOPROCESSES (10) Study of structured models for analysis of various bioprocess – compartmental models, models of cellular energetics and metabolism, single cell models, plasmid replication and plasmid stability model. Dynamic simulation of batch and transient culture metabolism. UNIT - V BIOREACTOR CONSIDERATION IN ENZYME SYSTEMS (07) Analysis of film and pore diffusion effects on kinetics of immobilized enzyme reactions; formulation of dimensionless groups and calculation of effectiveness factors. Design of immobilized enzyme reactors – packed bed and fluidized bed. Total = 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Anton Moser, “Bioprocess Technology, Kinetics and Reactors”, , Springer Verlag.1998 2. James E. Bailey & David F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, McGraw

Hill.1986 2nd edition. 3. Shuler and Kargi, “Bioprocess Engineering ", Prentice Hall, 1992. REFERENCES 1. James M. Lee, Biochemical Engineering, PHI, USA.1991 2. Atkinson, Handbook of Bioreactors.1991 3. Harvey W. Blanch, Douglas S. Clark, Biochemical Engineering, Marcel Decker Inc.1991

57

08B604 PROTEIN ENGINEERING L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT - I BONDS AND ENERGIES IN PROTEIN MAKEUP (05) Covalent, Ionic, Hydrogen, Coordinate, hydrophobic and Vander walls interactions in protein structure. Interaction with electromagnetic radiation (radio, micro, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-ray) and elucidation of protein structure. UNIT - II AMINO ACIDS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS (06) Amino acids – structure with three and single letter codes- molecular properties (size, solubility, charge, pKa), , Chemical reactivity in relation to post-translational modification (involving amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, thiol, imidazole groups) and peptide synthesis.

UNIT - III PROTEIN ARCHITECTURE (12) Primary structure: peptide mapping, peptide sequencing - automated Edman method & mass-spec. High-throughput protein sequencing setup Secondary structure: Alpha, beta and loop structures and methods to determine Super-secondary structure: Apha-turn-alpha, beta-turn-beta (hairpin), beta-sheets, alpha-beta-alpha, topology diagrams, up and down & TIM barrel structures nucleotide binding folds, prediction of substrate binding sites Tertiary structure: Domains, folding, denaturation and renaturation, overview of methods to determine 3D structures, Quaternary structure: Modular nature, formation of complexes. UNIT - IV STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP (12) DNA-binding proteins: prokaryotic transcription factors, Helix-turn-Helix motif in DNA binding, Trp repressor, Eucaryotic transcription factors, Zn fingers, helix-turn helix motifs in homeodomain, Leucine zippers, Membrane proteins and receptors bacteriorhodopsin and Photosynthetic reaction center, Immunoglobulins: IgG Light chain and heavy chain architecture, abzymes and Enzymes: Serine proteases, understanding catalytic design by engineering trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase, substrate-assisted catalysis other commercial applications. UNIT - V PROTEIN ENGINEERING (10) Advantages – protein data base analysis – methods to alter primary structure of proteins, examples of engineered proteins, thermal stability of T4-lysozyme, recombinant insulin to reduce aggregation and inactivation, de novo protein design – principles and examples. Total : 45Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Voet D. and Voet G., Biochemistry, Third edn. John Wiley and Sons, 2001.Moody P.C.E. and Wilkinson A.J. Protein Engineering, IRL Press, Oxford, UK, 1990.

REFERENCES 1. Branden C. and Tooze J., Introduction to Protein Structured, Second Edition, Garland

Publishing, NY, USA, 1999 2. Creighton T.E. Proteins, Freeman WH, Second Edition, 1993.

58

08B605 PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT – I ORGANIZATION OF GENETIC MATERIAL (09) Genetic material of plant cells – chromatin and nucleosome structure - biological significance - junk and repeat sequences - outline of transcription and translation.

UNIT – II CHLOROPLAST & MITOCHONDRIA (09) Genetic materials of mitochondria and chloroplast – structure and function - regulation and transport of proteins - rubisco synthesis – assembly – coordination - cytoplasmic male sterility and import of proteins.

UNIT – III NITROGEN FIXATION (09) Nitrogen fixing bacteria and fungi - Nitrogenase activity - nod genes - nif genes – bacteroids and its significance.

UNIT – IV AGROBACTERIUM & VIRAL VECTORS (09) Pathogenesis - crown gall disease - genes involved in the pathogenesis - Ti plasmid – t-DNA - importance in genetic engineering - Viral Vectors: Gemini virus - cauliflower mosaic virus - viral vectors and its importance.

UNIT – V APPLICATION OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (09) Outline of plant tissue culture - transgenic plants - herbicide and pest resistant plants - molecular pharming - theraputic products.

Total : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOKS

1. Adrian Slater, Nigel W.Scott & Mark R.Fowler, “Plant Biotechnology – The Genetic Manipulation of Plants”, Oxford University Press 2003.

2. Gamburg OL, Philips GC, Plant Tissue & Organ Culture fundamental Methods, Narosa Publications. 1995.

3. Singh BD. Text Book of Biotechnology, Kalyani Publishers. 1998

REFERENCES

1. Heldt HW. Plant Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Oxford University Press. 1997. 2. Ignacimuthu .S, Applied Plant Biotechnology , Tata McGraw Hill. 1996.

59

08B606 FOOD BIOTECHNOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT- I FOOD CHEMISTRY (09) Food chemistry-definition and importance, water in food, water activity and shelf life of food. Carbohydrates- functional properties of sugars and polysaccharides in foods. Lipids: use of lipids in foods, physical and chemical properties. Protein and amino acids: physical and chemical properties, distribution, amount and functions of proteins in foods, functional properties, effect of processing.-Losses of vitamins and minerals due to processing. Nutritive value of foods, Food as a source of energy, Food Health and disease. UNIT – II FOOD MICROBIOLOGY (09) Microbial growth pattern, Types of micro-organism normally associated with food-mold, yeast, and bacteria. Micro-organisms in natural food products. Contaminants of foods-stuffs, Fisheries, milk and meat during handling and processing. Biochemical changes caused by micro-organisms, deterioration of various types of food product. Food poisoning and microbial toxins, standards for different foods. Food borne intcericants and mycotoxius. UNIT- III FERMENTATION PRODUCTS (09) Enzymes in foods and food industry, Nature and type of starters,Role of starters in Fermented foods, Fermentation of Milk products-Fermented soy and peanut milk , Idli, Fermented fish products, Pickles, Fermented Olives ; Production of distilled beverage alcohol , wine, brandy, and beer.Mycoprotein production. UNIT - IV FOOD ADDITIVES (09) Sampling techniques - theory and practice of chemical and physical methods of food analysis for determination of food composition; Pigments in food, food flavours, food additives and toxicants. Natural sweeteners and artificial sweeteners - role in controlling diseases and deficiencies, Nutraceuticals, and Functional Foods. UNIT -V FOOD PROCESSING & QUALITY ASSURANCE (09) Basic principles, unit operations, and equipment involved in the commercially important food processing methods and unit operations; materials and containers used in food packaging. Objectives, importance and functions of quality control. Methods of quality, assessment of food materials-fruits, vegetables, cereals, dairy products, meat and poultry. Food regulations, grades and standards, Concept of Codex Almentarious/HACCP/USFDA/ISO 9000 series etc. Food laws and standards. Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Food Science & Food Biotechnology Gurtavo F.Gutierrez – Lopez, Gurtavo V. barbosu – Canovas 2003 by CRC PRESS. 2. Food Microbiology fourth edition William C.Frazier, Tata MC Graw hill. REFERENCE 1. Fennema, O.R. Principles of Food Science: Part-I Food Chemistry. Marcel Dekker, New York. 1976. 2. Meyer, L.H. Food Chemistry. East-West Press Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 1973 3. B.Sivashankar – Food processing and preservation, Prentice – Hall of India Pvt.Ltd.New Delhi 2002

60

08B607 COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND TECHNICAL SEMINAR L T P C 0 0 3 2

OBJECTIVE During the seminar session each student is expected to prepare and present a topic on engineering/ technology, for a duration of about 8 to 10 minutes. Three periods per week are to be allotted and 15 students are expected to present the seminar, A faculty guide is to be allotted and he / she will guide and monitor the progress of the student and maintain attendance also.

Students are encouraged to use various teaching aids such as over head projectors, power point presentation and demonstrative models. This will enable them to gain confidence in facing the placement interviews.

61

08B608 BIOPROCESS LAB II

L T P C 0 0 6 3

1. Thermal death kinetics

2. Batch reactor kinetics – estimation of reaction rate constant.

3. Fed batch reactor kinetics – estimation of rate constant.

4. Continuous reactor kinetics.

5. Estimation of kLa – dynamic gassing method in batch fermentor

6. Estimation of kLa – sulphite oxidation method

7. Estimation of kLa – power correlation method

8. Residence time distribution in CSTR.

9. Residence time distribution in PFR using immobilized enzyme system.

10. Estimation of overall heat transfer coefficient in batch Fermentor

Total : 60 Hours

TEXT BOOK 1. Anton Moser, “Bioprocess Technology, Kinetics and Reactors”, , Springer Verlag.1998. 2. James E. Bailey & David F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, McGraw Hill. 2nd edition 1986.

62

08B701 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT - I HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT (09) Definition of Management – Science or Art – Management and Administration – Development of Management Thought – Contribution of Taylor and Fayol – Basic functions of Management – Types of Business Organisation - MIS UNIT - II PLANNING (09) Nature & Purpose –Importance- types of planning- Business plan- Enterprise architecture plan- Event planning and Production- Financial Plan- Lesson plan- Marketing plan- Network Resource planning- Stratergic planning- Planning basics- Applications- In organization and public- Fore casting – Decision-making.

UNIT - III ORGANISING (09) Nature and Purpose – Formal and informal organization – Organization Chart – Structure and Process – Departmentation by difference strategies – Line and Staff authority – Benefits and Limitations – De-Centralization and Delegation of Authority – Staffing – Selection Process

UNIT - IV LEADING (09) Leadership – Types of Leadership Motivation – Hierarchy of needs – Motivation theories – Motivational Techniques – Job Enrichment – Communication – Process of Communication – Barriers and Breakdown – Effective Communication – Electronic media in Communication – Management information system- Information technology management.

UNIT - V CONTROLLING (09) System and process of Controlling – Requirements for effective control – The Budget as Control Technique – Information Technology in Controlling – Use of computers in handling the information – Productivity – Problems and Management – Control of Overall Performance – Direct and Preventive Control – Reporting – The Global Environment – Globalization and Liberalization – International Management and Global heory of Management. Total 45 Hours

TEXT BOOKS 1. Harold Kooritz & Heinz Weihrich “Essentials of Management”, Tata Mcgraw Hill,1998 2. Joseph L Massie “Essentials of Management”, Prentice Hall of India, (Pearson) Fourth Edition, 2003. REFERENCES

1. Tripathy PC And Reddy PN, “ Principles of Management”, Tata Mcgraw Hill,1999. 2. Decenzo David, Robbin Stephen A, ”Personnel and Human Reasons Management”, Prentice Hall of India, 1996 3. JAF Stomer, Freeman R. E and Daniel R Gilbert Management, Pearson Education, Sixth Edition, 2004. 4. Fraidoon Mazda, “ Engineering Management”,Addison Wesley,-2000.

63

08B702 IMMUNOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I CELLS AND ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEMS (06) innate and acquired immunity; cells of immune system, primary and secondary lymphoid organs; antigens: chemical and molecular nature; haptens; adjuvants; types of immune responses; theory of clonal selection.

UNIT – II CELLULAR RESPONSES (12) Development, maturation, activation and differentiation of T-cells and B-cells; TCR; antibodies: structure and functions; antibodies: genes and generation of diversity; antigen-antibody reactions; monoclonal antibodies: principles and applications; antigen presenting cells; major histocompatibility complex; antigen processing and presentation; regulation of T-cell and B-cell responses.

UNIT – III INFECTION AND IMMUNITY (16) Injury and inflammation; immune responses to infections: immunity to viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites; cytokines; complement; immunosuppression, tolerance; allergy and hypersensitivity; AIDS and Immunodeficiencies; resistance and immunisation; Vaccines.

UNIT – IV TRANSPLANTATION AND TUMOR IMMUNOLOGY (08) Basis of Graft rejection! specificity and memory of rejection response, Role of cell mediated response, Role of cell mediated response, Transplantation antigens, Mechanisms involved in Graft clinical manifestations of Graft rejections.

UNIT – V ONCOGENES AND CANCER REJECTION INDUCTION (03) Auto immune diseases proposed mechanisms for induction Autoimmunity, Treatment of Autoimmune diseases; current therapies, monoclonal antibody and diagnosis treatment. Autoimmunity, Autoimmune disorders and diagnosis.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Roitt I, Male, Brostoff. Immunology, Mosby Publ., 2002. REFERENCES 1. Kuby J, Immunology, WH Freeman & Co., 2000. 2. Ashim K. Chakravarthy, Immunology, TataMcGraw-Hill, 1998.

64

08B703 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING

L T P C 3 1 0 3

UNIT – I DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING (08) Synthesis of biosepartion processes – Engineering analysis of biosepartaions – stages in downstream processing – process and product quality. Characteristics of biomolecules; Cell disruption for product release – mechanical, enzymatic and chemical methods. Pretreatment and stabilisation of bioproducts. UNIT – II PHYSICAL METHODS OF SEPERATION (09) Filtration – principles – conventional and cross flow filtration – filter media – membrane fouling- rotary vacuum filtration – equipment details; sedimentation – principles sedimentation coefficient – sigma analysis -centrifugation – tubular and disk centrifuges – comparison and engineering analysis – ultracentrifugation – sedimentation at low accelerations – centrifugal elutriation; flocculation- principles – electrical double layer, Schulze Hardy Rule – flocculation rate – flocculants. UNIT – III ISOLATION OF PRODUCTS (09) Aqueous two-phase extraction principles – phase separation and portioning equilibria – counter current stage calculations – Reciprocating – plate extraction column and centrifugal extractors, membrane separation – ultrafiltration and dialysis; precipitation of proteins by different methods – precipitate breakage and aging. UNIT – IV PRODUCT PURIFICATION BY CHROMATOGRAPHY (09) Chromatography principles, Column dynamics – plate models – chromatography column mass balance with negligible dispersion – calculation of elution profile - dispersion effects in chromatography – gradients and modifiers – adsorbent types – equipments and detectors – Principles of reverse phase, ion-exchange, size exclusion, hydrophobic interaction, bioaffinity and pseudo affinity chromatographic techniques. UNIT – V FINAL PRODUCT FORMULATION AND

FINISHING OPERATIONS (09) Crystallization principles – batch crystallizers – process crystallization of proteins; drying principles – heat and mass transfer – dryers description and operations of vacuum shelf dryers, batch vacuum rotary dryers, freeze dryers and spray dryers. Design of drying systems.

Total : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOK 1. Roger G.Harrison, Paul Todd, Scott R.Rudge and Demetri P.Pterides – BIOSEPARTIONS

SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING – Oxford University Press - 2003 2. R.O. Jenkins, (Ed.) – Product Recovery In Bioprocess Technology – Biotechnology By

Open Learning Series, Butterworth-Heinemann (1992). REFERENCES 1. J.C. Janson And L. Ryden, (Ed.) – Protein Purification – Principles, High Resolution

Methods And Applications, VCH Pub. 1989. 2. R.K. Scopes – Protein Purification – Principles And Practice, Narosa Pub. (1994).

65

08B704 CANCER BIOLOGY

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I FUNDAMENTALS OF CANCER BIOLOGY (09) Epidemiology of cancer: environmental factors: tobacco, alcohol, diet, occupational exposure, hormones. Regulation of cell cycle, modulation of cell cycle in cancer. Different forms of cancers. Specific type of cancer hepato cellular, melanoma, breast, lung cancer. Genetic basis of cancer- DNA repair. mutations that cause changes in signal molecules, effects on receptor, signal switches, tumor suppressor genes. UNIT – II PRINCIPLES OF CARCINOGENESIS (09) Theory of carcinogenesis, Chemical carcinogenesis, metabolism of carcinogenesis, principles of physical carcinogenesis, x-ray radiation-mechanisms of radiation carcinogenesis. UNIT – III PRINCIPLES OF MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY

OF CANCER (09) Signal targets and cancer, activation of kinases; Oncogenes, identification of oncogenes, Virus and cancers: DNA virus-retroviruses detection of oncogenes. Oncogenes/proto oncogene activity. Growth factors related to transformation. Telomerases. UNIT – IV PRINCIPLES OF CANCER METASTASIS (09) Clinical significances of invasion, heterogeneity of metastatic phenotype, metastatic cascade, basement membrane disruption, three step theory of invasion, proteinases and tumour cell invasion. UNIT - V NEW MOLECULES FOR CANCER THERAPY (06) Cancer screening and early detection, Detection using biochemical assays, tumor markers, molecular tools for early diagnosis of cancer. advances in cancer detection. Different forms of therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, Use of signal targets towards therapy of cancer; Gene therapy.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Maly B.W.J, " Virology A Practical Approach ", IRLl Press, Oxford, 1987. 2. Ian F.Tannock “ The Basic Science of Oncology” 2nd edition, 1992, Richard P.Hill REFERENCES 1. Dunmock N.J And Primrose S.B., " Introduction To Modern Virology ", Blackwell

Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1988. 2. "An Introduciton Top Cellular And Molecular Biology Of Cancer ", Oxford Medical

Publications, 1991.

66

08B707 PRESENTATION SKILLS AND TECHNICAL SEMINAR

L T P C 0 0 3 3

OBJECTIVE During this session each student is expected to prepare and present and discuss a original article or review paper on a topic from an engineering, technology, biotechnology, biomedical science or plant science journals. Presentation should be a duration of about 8 to 10 minutes. Three periods per week are to be allotted and 15 students are expected to present the paper. Presentation should bring out the students efficiency and command over language and in-depth research knowledge in the topic they are dealing with. A faculty guide is to be allotted and he / she will guide and monitor the progress of the student and maintain attendance also. Students are encouraged to use various teaching aids such as over head projectors, power point presentation and demonstrative models. This will enable them to gain confidence in facing the placement interviews.

67

08B708 DOWNSTREAM PROCESSING LAB

L T P C 0 0 6 3

1. Solid liquid separation – centrifugation, micro filtration 2. Cell disruption techniques – ultrasonication 3. Cell disruption techniques – Mechanical method 4. Enzymatic method of cell disruption. 5. Precipitation – ammonium sulphate precipitation 6. Membrane separation – Dialysis 7. Batch sedimentation 8. Aqueous two phase extraction 9. High resolution purification – ion exchange chromatography 10. Product polishing – gel filtration chromatography 11. Product polishing – spray drying, freeze drying (Lyophilization)

Total : 60 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Roger G.Harrison, Paul Todd, Scott R.Rudge and Demetri P.Pterides – BIOSEPARTIONS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING – Oxford University Press – 2003 2. R.O. Jenkins, (Ed.) – Product Recovery In Bioprocess Technology – Biotechnology By Open Learning Series, Butterworth-Heinemann (1992).

68

08B709 IMMUNOLOGY LAB

L T P C 0 0 4 2

1. Handling and maintenance of experimental animals.

2. Routes of immunization.

3. Raising of antiserum.

4. Bleeding of Experimental animals.

5. Separation and preservation of serum from blood.

6. Identification of cells in a blood smear.

7. Agglutination reaction to determine blood group.

8. Immunodiffusion(Oucterlony method, radial immunodiffusion)

9. Immunoelectrophoresis

10. Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA)

11. Isolation and identification of peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Total : 60 Hours

69

08B7E0 ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I FUNDAMENTALS OF MICRO-ORGANISMS (08) Microbial flora of soil, growth and ecological adaptations of soil microorganisms, interactions among soil microorganisms, biogeochemical role of soil microorganisms. UNIT – II DEGRADATION OF XENOBIOTIC COMPOUNDS (08) Aromatics – benzene, nitrobenzene, pentachlorophenol, hexachlorobenzene, Polyaromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) – naphthalene, phenanthrene, Polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) –hexachlorobiphenyl , Pesticides - DDT and Surfactants – LAS UNIT – III INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT (10) Wastewater characteristics – physical, chemical and biological, Biological processes - , unit operations, aerobic treatment processes,activated sludge process – characteristics of activated sludge and process configuration, anaerobic treatment by methanogenesis UNIT – IV TREATMENT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTES (07) Dairy, pulp, dye, leather and pharamaceuticals UNIT – V DEVELOPMENTS PERTAINING TO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (12) Solid waste management, Role of biosensors in Environmental monitoring, Heavy metal pollution and their control strategies, Prevention of environmental damage with respect to nitrogen fixation, Bioremediation, Production of bioelectricity from microbial fuel cell (MFC), Improvement of water quality by denitrification, Role of biotechnology on agricultural chemical use

Total : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOK

1. Bruce E. Rittmann and perry L. Mccarty., “Environmental Biotechnology: Principle and Applications” ,McGraw Hill publishing company Ltd,2001 2. Mecalf and Eddy Inc, “Wastewater Engineering : Treatment Disposal Reuse”, McGraHill publishing company Ltd,1991 3.Des W. Connell, “Basic concepts of Environmental chemistry”, Lewis publishers,2005 4.Michal J. Pelczar,ECS Chan,Noel R.Krieg,Tata McGraw Hill publishing company Ltd,1993 REFERENCE

1. Alan Scragg, Environmental Biotechnology,Oxford University press,2005

2. Prescott, Harley, Klein, Microbiology, WCB publishers,1996

70

08B7E1 BIOSEPARATIONS

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT 1 (09) Mechanical and enzymatic methods of cell disruption, importance of cell disruption in product release, homogenization, ultrasonication, extraction, absorption, adsorption. UNIT 2 (09) Chromatographic methods, paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, GLC, HPLC, affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, reverse phase chromatography UNIT 3 (09) Basic separation techniques: sedimentation, centrifugation, ultracentrifugation, gradient centrifugation, filtration, micro/ultra filtration, use of membranes (semi permeable) in purification, reverse osmosis. Separation of bioconversion products/ secondary metabolites e.g. Steroids and antibiotics. UNIT 4 (09) Importance of separation techniques in biotechnology, its scope from research to industry, chemical, physical and biochemical aspects of separation and isolation, purification of biomolecules. Behavior of biomolecules in body fluids, milieu. UNIT 5 (09) Leaching, crystallization, lyophilzation, drying. Chemistry of extraction, selection of solvent,use of solvent extraction in antibiotic separation, affinity extraction/ chromatography. Industrial applications with examples.

Total : 45 Hours TEXTBOOKS 1. Bioseparation: Downstream processing for Biotechnology, Belter, P.A. and Cussler, E.L., Hu, W.S. Wiley, New York. 2. Biosepration Engineering: Principles, practice and economics, Wiley, Interscience REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Unit Operation of Chemical Engineering, McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C. and Harritt, P., McGraw Hill. 2. Separation Process Principles. Seader, J.D, and Henley, E.J. Wiley.

71

08B7E2 BIOPROCESS ECONOMICS AND PLANT DESIGN

L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT-I PROCESS DEVELOPMENT (09) Introduction to Design – nature of design – Technical feasibility survey, process development – data acquisition – design data information of project - Organization of project – Project documentation – codes and standards. UNIT-II DESIGN DEVELOPMENT (09) Equipment selection and specifications - materials of construction – flow sheeting - piping and instrumentation – process safety and loss prevention. UNIT-III GENERAL SITE CONSIDERATION (09) Introduction – plant location and site selection – site layout- plant layout utilities – environmental considerations – waste management – visual impact – government regulations and other legal restrictions, community factors and other factors affecting investment and production costs – human resources. UNIT-IV COSTING AND PROJECT EVALUATION (09) Introduction – Accuracy and purpose of capital cost estimates – fixed and working capital operating costs – estimation of purchased costs – inflation – rapid and factorial method of cost estimation - plant overheads – Administration, safety and other auxiliary services, payroll overheads, warehouse and storage facilities etc. UNIT – V ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PROJECTS (09) Cash flow diagrams – tax depreciation – discounted cash flow – rate of return – payback time – allowing for inflation – sensitivity analysis – computer methods for costing and project evaluation – accounting for uncertainty and variations for future development – Optimization techniques.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK:

1. Sinnott.R.K, Coulson & Richardson’s Chemical Engg – Vol-6, Butterworth Heinemann III edition – 2002.

2. Peters and Timmerhaus, Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers, Mcgraw hill 4thEdition, 1989.

REFERENCES:

1. Rudd and Watson, Strategy of Process Engineering, Wiley. 1987

72

08B7E3 MOLECULAR MODELING & DRUG DESIGN

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I (09) Introduction to concept of molecular modeling, molecular structure and internal energy, applications of molecular graphics, coordinate systems, potential energy surfaces, discussion of local and global energy minima UNIT – II (09) Introduction to the computational quantum mechanics; one electron atom, ply electronic atoms and molecules, Hartree Fock equations; calculating molecular properties using ab initio and semi empirical methods. UNIT – III (09) Molecular mechanics; general features of molecular mechanics force field, bond stretching, angle bending, torsional terms, non – bonded interactions; force field parameterization and transferability; energy minimization; derivative and non – derivative methods, applications of energy minimization. UNIT – IV (09) Molecular dynamics simulation methods; molecular dynamics using simple models, molecular dynamics with continuous potential, setting up and running a molecular dynamic simulation, constraint dynamics; Monte Carlo simulation; Monte Carlo simulation of molecules. UNIT - V (09) Macromolecular modeling, design of ligands for known macro molecular target sites, Drug- receptor interaction, classical SAR /QSAR studies and their implications to the 3 D modeler, 2-D and 3-D database searching, pharmacophore identification and novel drug design, molecular docking, Structure-based drug design for all classes of targets

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Andrew, R.. leach Molecular modeling : Principles and applications : prentice hall publications. 2. N. Claude Cohen. Guidebook one molecular modeling in drug design REFERENCES

1. Yvonne C. Martin. Designing Bioactive molecules three dimensional techniques and applications. 2. Matthew F. Schlecht. Molecular modeling on the PC.

73

08B7E4 - GENOMICS AND PROTEOMICS L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I OVERVIEW OF GENOMES OF BACTERIA, ARCHAE AND EUKARYOTA (09) Genome organization of prokaryotes and eukaryotes, gene structure of bacteria, archae bacterial and eukaryotes, Human genome project, Introduction to functional and comparative genomics. UNIT – II PHYSICAL MAPPING TECHNIQUES (09) Cytogenetic mapping, radiation hybrid mapping, Fish, STS mapping, SNP mapping optical mapping, Top down and bottom up approach, linking and jumping of clones, gap closure, pooling strategies, genome sequencing. UNIT - III FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS (09) Gene finding; annotation; ORF and functional prediction; Substractive DNA library screening; differential display and representational difference analysis; SAGE. UNIT - IV PROTEOMICS TECHNIQUES (09) Protein level estimation; Edman protein microsequencing; protein cleavage; 2 D gel electrophoresis; metabolic labeling; detection of proteins on SDS gels. Mass spectrometry- principles of MALDI-TOF; Tandem MS-MS; Peptide mass fingerprinting. UNIT - V PROTEIN PROFILING (09) Post translational modification; protein-protein interactions; glycoprotein analysis; phosphoprotein analysis.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK

1. Cantor and Smith, Genomics. John Wiley & Sons, 1999. 2. Pennington and Dunn, Proteomics, BIOS Scientific Publishers, 2001 3. Genomics, T.A Brown.

REFERENCES

1. Liebler, Introduction to Proteomics, Humana Press, 2002 2. Hunt and Livesey, Functional Genomics, oxford University press, 2000 3. Primrose and Twyman, principles of genome analysis and genomics, Blacwell Publishing Co., 2003.

74

08B7E5 BIOLOGICAL SPECTROSCOPY

L T P C 3 0 0 3 UNIT – I SPECTROSCOPY (09) Interaction of radiation with matter, Definition frequency, Wave number, types of electromagnetic radiation, interparticle forces and energies, energy levels. Population of energy levels, Scattering, Absorption and Emittion. UNIT – II INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY (09) Measurement of Infrared spectrum-Physical basis of infrared spectra, Infrared of Polyatomic molecules, biological examples, infrared of oriented samples. UNIT - III MASS SPECTROMETRY (09) Ion sources sample introduction – mass analyzers and ion detectors – biomolecule mass spectrometry – peptide and protein analysis – carbohydrates and small molecules – specific applications. UNIT – IV NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (09) Chemical shifts – spin – spin coupling – relaxation mechanisms – nuclear overhauser effect – multidimensional NMR spectroscopy – determination of macromolecular structure by NMR – magnetic resonance imaging.

UNIT – V X-RAY DIFFRACTION (09) Scattering by x-rays-diffraction by a crystal – measuring diffraction pattern – Bragg reflection – unit cell – phase problem – anomalous diffraction – determination of crystal structure – electron and neutron diffraction.

Total = 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Campbell I.D and Dwek R.A., “Biological Spectroscopy ", Benjamin Cummins and

Company, 1986. REFERENCES 1. Atkins P.W., “Physical Chemistry ", Oxford IV Edition, 1990.

75

08B7E6 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION (COMMON TO ECE)

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT- I BASICPHYSIOLOGY (09) Cells and their structures-Transport of ions through cell membrane-Resting and action potential,Bioelectric potentials - Heart and Blood circulation - Respiratory system-Nervous system-Muscular system. UNIT – II ELECTRODES AND TRANSDUCERS (09) Basic electrode theory- Micro electrodes - Skin surface electrodes ,Needle electrodes,Equivalent circuit, Electrode materials ,Chemical electrodes ,Reference electrodes,The pH electrode,Blood gas electrode- Active transducers and passive transducers-Strain gauge-Thermistor- Biomedical applications. UNIT – III BIO POTENTIAL RECORDERS (09) Electrical and mechanical activities of the heart - Typical Electrocardiogram (ECG) ,Electrocardiograph Bipolar and unipolar leads ,Einthoven triangle - Electrical activities of the brain,Electroencephalogram - Various rhythms,EEG equipment - Muscle response - Electromyograph (EMG),Nerve Conduction velocity measurements. UNIT – IV BIOTELEMETRY AND PATIENT SAFETY (09) Need for biotelemetry - Elements of telemetry system ,Radio telemetry system ,Physiological signals used in telemetry - TDM and FDM - Implantable units - Physiological effects of electrical current - Shock hazards from electrical equipments,Electrical accidents and their prevention. UNIT – V COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (09) Data acquisition systems -Analysis of ECG signals - Computerized Axial Tomography (CAT) Scanner ,Ultrasonic scanner,Magnetic resonance imaging-Computer based patient monitoring system - Introduction to expert system and hospital management. TOTAL: 45 Hours

TEXT BOOKS 1. Arumugam M, “Biomedical Instrumentation”, Anuradha Agencies Publishers, Chennai,

2002. 2. Joseph J Carr and John M. Brown, “Introduction to Biomedical Equipment Technology”,

Pearson Education Asia,New Delhi,Fourth edition,2003. 3. Leslie Cromwell, Fred J. Webell, Erich A. Pfeffer, “Bio-medical Instrumentation and

Measurements”, Prentice Hallof India, New Delhi, 2001. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Khandpur, “Handbook on Biomedical Instrumentation”, Tata McGraw Hill Company, New

Delhi, 2003. 2. John G Webster, Ed, “Medical Instrumentation Application and Design”, Fourth edition,

John Wiley & Sons, Singapore, 2007.

76

08B7E7 NEUROBIOLOGY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCES

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I NEUROANATOMY (09) What are central and peripheral nervous systems; Structure and function of neurons; types of neurons; Synapses; Glial cells; myelination; Blood Brain barrier; Neuronal differentiation; Characterization of neuronal cells; Meninges and Cerebrospinal fluid; Spinal Cord. UNIT – II NEUROPHYSIOLOGY (09) Resting and action potentials; Mechanism of action potential conduction; Voltage dependent channels; nodes of Ranvier; Chemical and electrical synaptic transmission; information representation and coding by neurons. UNIT – III NEUROPHARMACOLOGY (09) Synaptic transmission, neurotransmitters and their release; fast and slow neurotransmission; characteristics of neurites; hormones and their effect on neuronal function. UNIT – IV APPLIED NEUROBIOLOGY (09) Basic mechanisms of sensations like touch, pain, smell and taste; neurological mechanisms of vision and audition; skeletal muscle contraction. UNIT – V BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE (09) Basic mechanisms associated with motivation; control of feeding, sleep, hearing and memory; Disorders associated with the nervous system.

Total : 45 Hours

TEXT BOOK 1. Gondon M.Shepherd “Neurobiology”, Oxford University Press, USA 3rd edition(1994) REFERENCE 2. Mathews G.G. Neurobiology, 2nd edition, Blackwell Science, UK, 2000. 3. William Bechtel, George Graham “A Companion to Cognitive Science”, Blackwell Publishers (1999)

77

08B7E8 MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I MICROBIOLOGY BASICS (07) Historical perspective - Louis Pasteur’s contributions - Robert Koch’s postulates - early discoveries of microbial toxins – vaccines - antibiotics - pathogen types and modes of entry. UNIT - II HOST-DEFENSE MACHANISMS AGAINST PATHOGENS AND PATHOGEN RESISTANCY (10) Attributes & components of microbial pathogenesis, Host natural defense mechanism - humoral and cellular defense mechanisms – complements - inflammation process - general disease symptoms – Pathogen resistance to the defense machanisms. UNIT - III MOLECULAR PATHOGENESIS (12) Virulence factors - gene regulation in virulence of pathogens - labile & stable toxins; Vibrio Cholerae - Cholera toxin - E.coli pathogens: - ETEC – EPEC - EHEC - EIEC Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome - Shigella toxin - Plasmodium Life cycle - Antimalarials based on transport processes - Influenza virus - action of amantidine. UNIT - IV EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON HOST-PATHOGEN

INTERACTIONS (08) Virulence assays; cytopathic - cytotoxic effects. Criteria and tests in identifying virulence factors - attenuated mutants - signal transduction and host responses.

UNIT – V MODERN APPROACHES TO CONTROL PATHOGENS (08) Serotyping - Immuno and DNA based techniques - New therapeutic strategies based on life threatening of pathogens - Vaccines - DNA, subunit and cocktail vaccines.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK

1. Iglewski B.H and Clark V.L " Molecular basis of Bacterial Pathogenesis ", Academic Press, 1990.

2. Peter Williams, Julian Ketley & George Salmond, “Methods in Microbiology : Bacterial athogenesis, Vol. 27”, Academic Press, 1998.

REFERENCES

1. Recent reviews in Infect. Immun., Mol. Microbiol., Biochem. J., EMBO etc

2. Nester, Anderson, Roberts, Pearsall, Nester, “Microbiology: A Human Perspective”, Mc Graw Hill, 3rd Edition, 2001.

3. Eduardo A. Groisman, Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Academic Press, 2001.

78

08B7E9 VIROLOGY & PARASITOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT – I GENERAL PROPERTIES OF VIRUSES (08)Early development of virology – properties of viruses: morphology, structure and shape – chemical properties – Resistance – viral agglutination – viral multiplication.

UNIT – II CULTIVATION OF VIRUSES & VIRAL GENETICS (11)Cultivation of viruses: Animal inoculation – cell culture – tissue culture types, detection of virus growth in cell cultures – Virus purification – viral assay – viral genetics –nongenetic interactions. -Bacteriophages.

UNIT – III DNA AND RNA VIRUSES (12)

DNA viruses: Morphology, properties and pathogenesis - pox viruses – herpes viruses –adenoviruses. RNA viruses – enteroviruses – poliovirus – influenza –rabies virus – hepatitis viruses.

UNIT – IV MICROMANIPULATION OF EMBRYO’S (07) Micromanipulation technology - equipments - enrichment of x and y bearing sperms from semen samples - artificial insemination - germ cell manipulations – in vitro fertilization -embryo transfer -micromanipulation technology and breeding of farm animals.

UNIT – V TRANSGENIC ANIMALS (07)Concepts of transgenic animal technology; strategies for the production of transgenic animals –significance in biotechnology - stem cell cultures in production of transgenic animals.

Total: 45 Hours

TEXT BOOKS 1. Ranga M.M. Animal Biotechnology. Agrobios India Limited, 2002 2. Ramadass P, Meera Rani S. Text Book Of Animal Biotechnology. Akshara Printers, 1997. REFERENCE 1. Masters J.R.W. Animal Cell Culture: Practical Approach. Oxford University Press.2000

79

08B8E0 NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT- I (09) Nano - definition, The fundamental Science behind nanotechnology- electrons, atomsand ions, molecules, metals, biosystems. Biocompatible In organic devices-Introduction, Implant coating, stems and seeds. Possibility to exploit the structures andprocess of biomolecules for novel functional materials, biosensors, bioelectronics inmedical applications. Introduction about protein – based nanostructures, DNA – based Nanostructures, Nanoanalysis. UNIT- II (09) Inorganic Nanoscale systems for Biosystems. Nano-structured materials. Fullerenes -Properties and Characteristics.Carbon Nanotubes - Characteristics and ApplicationsQuantum Dots and Wires.Gold Nanoparticles. Nanopores. Applications ofNanoMolecules in Biosystems. Molecules of Life: Proteins, Lipids, RNA and DNANanoscale Elements for Delivery of Materials into Cells. Peptides CoupledNanoparticles. DNA Based Artificial Nanostructure .Proteins as Components in Nanodevices. UNIT -III (09) Nano-biometrics - introduction – lipids as nano-bricks and mortar. Nanoparticle synthesis in plants, bacteria, and yeast and its applications. UNIT -IV (09) Nanotechnology and the Cell. Cell Motility: Nano Motors and Cellular NavigationChemotaxis - Transmembrane Signaling and Related Protein. Nanoscale ArtificialPlatforms: Lipids in Self-assembly Structures UNIT -V (09) Cell - Nano structure interactions: methods and outlook. Natural Nano scale sensors. Biomedical applications: drugs, drug delivery, Molecular motors. Neuroelectronic interfaces, siRNA, Nanoluminescent Tags.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1 .Nanobiotechnology: Concepts, Applications and Perspectives, Christof M.Niemeyer, / Chad A.Mirkin, (eds.), Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, (2004) 2. Nanotechnology: basic science and emerging technologies – Mick Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons, Burkhard Raguse, Overseas Press (2005). REFERENCES 1. Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine: Methods, devices and applications, Tuan Vo-Dinh, ISBN no. 0849329494 2. Nanotechnology a Gentle Introduction to the Next Big idea by Mark Ratner and Daniel Ratner. Pearson Education, Inc.2005.

80

08B8E1 BIOPHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION (07) Pharmaceutical industry & development of drugs ; types of therapeutic agents and their uses ; economics and regulatory aspects . UNIT – II DRUG ACTION, METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS (09) Mechanism of drug action; physico-chemical principles of drug metabolism; radioactivity; pharmacokinetics. UNIT – III MANUFACTURE OF DRUGS, PROCESS AND APPLICATIONS (07) Types of reaction process and special requirements for bulk drug manufacture of- Aspirin, penicillin, streptomycin. UNIT – IV PRINCIPLES OF DRUG MANUFACTURE (13) Compressed tablets; dry and wet granulation; slugging or direct compression; tablet presses; coating of tablets; capsule preparation; oval liquids – vegetable drugs – topical applications; preservation of drugs; analytical methods and other tests used in drug manufacture; packing techniques; quality management; gmp.

UNIT – V BIOPHARMACEUTICALS (09) Various categories of therapeutics like vitamins, laxatives, analgesics, contraceptives, antibiotics, hormones and biologicals: vaccines, monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, growth hormones, cytokines. .

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK

1. Leon Lachman tel al theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, 3 Edition, Lea and Febiger, 1986. 2. Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mark publishing and Co. REFERENCES

1. Gareth Thomas. Medicinal Chemistry. An introduction. John Wiley. 2000. 2. Katzung B.G. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Prentice Hall of Intl. 1995.

81

08B8E2 HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT-I (09) Basic anatomy and physiology , tissues of the human body: epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues, their sub types and characteristics.Skeletal system- Structure, composition and functions of skeleton classification of joints, types of movements at joints, disorders of joints. Skeletal muscles- anatomy, physiology of muscle contraction, and their disorders. UNIT-II (09) Circulatory system; Blood ,lymph composition and function. Basic anatomy of the heart. Physiology of heart, blood vessels and circulation. Basic understanding of cardiac cycle, heart sounds and electrocardiogram. blood pressure and its regulation. Brief outline of cardiovascular disorders like hypertension, hypotension, atherosclerosis, angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias. UNIT-III (09) Digestive System: Anatomy of the gastro intestinal tract, functions of its different parts: liver, pancreas and gall bladder, various gastrointestinal secretions and their role in the absorption and digestion of food. Endocrine system: anatomy and functions of pituitary gland,adrenalgland,parathyroidgland.pancreas,testes and ovary. UNIT-IV (09) Respiratory System: Anatomy of respiratory organs. Functions of respiration, mechanism and regulation of respiration, respiratory volumes and vital capacity. Urinary System: Various parts, structures and functions of the kidney and urinary tract. Reproductive system- Anatomy and physiology of various parts of male and female reproductive systems. UNIT-V (09) Central Nervous System: Functions of different parts of brain and spinal cord. Neurochemical transmission in the central nervous system, reflex action, cranial nerves and their functions. Autonomic Nervous System: Physiology and functions of autonomic nervous system-mechanism of neurohumoral transmission in the A.N.S. Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Tortora, G.J and Anagnodokas, Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, N.P Harper & Row Publishers N.Y 2. C.C.Chatterjee, Human Physiology. 3. T.S. Ranganathan, A Text book of Human Anatomy. 4. Subramanyam and Others, A textbook of Physiology 5. Dr.H.D.Singh, Basic Human Physiology. REFERENCES 1. Guyton, Textbook of Medical Physiology, AC Guyton WB Sannders Company, 1995. 2. K. Sembulingam and Prema Sembulingam, Essentials of Medical Physiology, 3rd Edition, aypee Bros., New Delhi

82

08B8E3 IMMUNOTECHNOLOGY L T P C

3 0 0 3 UNIT – I ANTIGENS (06) Types of antigens, their structure, preparation of antigens for raising antibodies, handling of animals, adjuvants and their mode of action. UNIT – II ANTIBODIES & IMMUNODIAGNOSIS (09) Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies – their production and characterization, western blot analysis, immunoelectrophoresis, SDS-PAGE, purification and synthesis of antigens, ELISA-principle and applications, radio immuno assay (RIA) principles and applications, non isotopic methods of detection of antigens-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. UNIT – III ASSEMENT OF CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY (12) Identification of lymphocytes and their subsets in blood. T cell activation parameters, estimation of cytokines, macrophage activation, macrophage microbicidal assays, in-vitro experimentation-application of the above technology to understand the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. UNIT – IV IMMUNOPATHOLOGY (09) Preparation of storage of tissues, identification of various cell types and antigens in tissues, isolation and characterization of cell types from inflammatory sites and infected tissues, functional studies on isolated cells, immunocytochemistry – immunofluoresecence, immunoenzymatic and immunoferrtin techniques, immuno electron microscopy. UNIT – V MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY (09) Preparation of vaccines, application of recombinant DNA technology for the study of the immune system, production of antidiotypic antibodies, catalytic antibodies, application of PCR technology to produce antibodies and other immunological reagents, immunotherapy with genetically engineered antibodies – Tetramer, recombinant vaccines.

Total = 45 Hours TEXT BOOK

1. Talwar G.P., and Gupta S.K., A hand book of practical and clinical immunology, vol. 1 & 2, CBS Publications, 1992.

2. Weir D.M., Practical Immunology, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 1990. REFERENCE

1. AuStin J.M. and Wood K.J., Principle of cellular and molecular immunology, Oxford university press, Oxford, 1993.

83

08B8E4 BIOPHYSICS

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (09) Intramolecular bonds – covalent – ionic and hydrogen bonds – biological structures -general features – water structure – hydration – interficial phenomena and membranes – self assembly and molecular structure of membranes.

UNIT – II CONFORMATION OF NUCLEIC ACIDS (09) Primary structure – the bases – sugars and the phosphodiester bonds- double helical structure – the a b and z forms – properties of circular DNA – topology – polymorphism and flexibility of DNA – structure of ribonucleic acids – hydration of nucleic acids. UNIT – III CONFORMATION OF PROTEINS (09) Conformation of the peptide bond – secondary structures – ramachandran plots – use of potential functions – tertiary structure – folding – hydration of proteins – hydropathy index. UNIT – IV ENERGETICS & DYNAMICS OF BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS (09) Kinetics of ligand interactions; Biochemical kinetics studies, uni molecular reactions, simple bi molecular multiple intermediates, steady state kinetics, catalytic efficiency, relaxation spectrometry, ribonuclease as an example. UNIT – V APPLIED TECHNIQUES (09) Techniques for the study of biological structure & function: Size and shape of macromolecules – methods of direct visualization macromolecules as hydrodynamic particles – macromolecules diffusion – ultra centrifugation – viscometry x-ray crystallography determination of molecular structures, X-ray fibre diffusion electron microscopy neutron scattering – light scattering.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. Biophysics; R. Glaser, Springer Verlag , 2000. 2. Biophysics: Molecules In Motion ; R. Duane. Academic Press, 1999. 3. Cantor and schimmed Biophysical chemistry part II Techniques for the study kf biological Structure and function. Freeman and company.

84

08B8E5 BIOCONJUGATE TECHNOLOGY

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I FUNCTIONAL TARGETS (09) Modification of Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins – Modification of sugars, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates – modification of nucleic acids and oligonucleotides. UNIT – II CHEMISTRY OF ACTIVE GROUPS (09) Amine reactive chemical reactions – Thiol reactive chemical reactions – carboxylate reactive chemical reactions – hydroxyl reactive chemical reactions – aldehyde and ketone reactive chemical reactions – Photoreactive chemical reactions. UNIT – III BIOCONJUGATE REAGENTS (09) Zero length cross linkers – Homobifunctional cross linkers – Heterobifunctional cross linkers – Trifunctional cross linkers – Cleavable reagent systems – tags and probes. UNIT – IV ENZYME AND NUCLEIC ACID MODIFICATION

AND CONJUGATION (09) Properties of common enzymes – Activated enzymes for conjugation – biotinylated enzymes – chemical modification of nucleic acids – biotin labeling of DNA- enzyme conjugation to DNA – Fluorescent of DNA. UNIT – V BIOCONJUGATE APLICATIONS (09) Preparation of Hapten-carrier Immunogen conjugates - antibody modification and conjugation – immunotoxin conjugation techniques – liposome conjugated and derivatives- Colloidal – gold-labeled proteins – modification with synthetic polymers.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1, Bioconjugate Techniques , G.T. Hermanson, Academic Press, 1999 REFERENCES

1. Recent Research Development in Bioconjugate Chemistry Vol-1, 2002, Research signpost.

85

08B8E6 PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION DYNAMICS AND CONTROL L T P C

3 0 0 3

UNIT – I (09) Laplace transformation, transform of standard functions, derivatives and integrals, inversion, theorems in Laplace transformation, application. Open-loop systems, first order systems and their transient response for standard input functions, first order systems in series, linearization and its application in process control, second order systems and their dynamics, transfer function for chemical reactors and dynamics. UNIT - II (09) Closed loop control systems, development of block diagram for feed-back control systems, servo and regulator problems, Transfer function for controllers and final control element, principles of pneumatic and electronic controllers, transportation lag, transient response of closed-loop control systems and their stability. UNIT - III (09) Introduction to frequency response of closed-loop systems, control system design by frequency, Bode diagram, stability criterion, Nyquist diagram; Tuning of controller settings. UNIT- IV (09) Controller mechanism, introduction to advanced control systems, cascade control, feed forward control, control of heat exchangers, introduction to microprocessors and computer control of chemical processes. UNIT - V (09) Principles of measurements and classification of process control instruments, measurements of temperature, pressure, fluid flow, liquid weight and weight flow rate, viscosity and consistency, pH, concentration, electrical and thermal conductivity.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOKS 1. Coughnowr and Koppel, " Process Systems Analysis and Control ", McGraw-Hill, New

York, 1986. 2. George Stephanopolous, " Chemical Process Control ", Prentice-Hall of India Pvt-Ltd.,

New Delhi, 1990. REFERENCES 1. Emenule, S.Savas, " Computer Control of Industrial Processes ", McGraw-Hill, London,

1965. 2. Eckman, D.P., " Industrial Instrumentation ", Wiley, 1978.

86

08B8E7 MEDICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT -I THERAPEUTICS AND DIAGNOSTIC PRODUCTS (09) Classifications of pathogenic microbes; Leptospira, Brucella, Bacillus anthraces, Medical Parasitology: Amoebiasis, Cryptoporidiosis, Giardiasis, Malaria; Toxoplasmosis, Medical Bacteriology: Straphylococcus, Streptococcus & Enterococcus, Pneumococcus, Mycobabcterium, Bacillus, salmonella, Shigella, Pseudomonas & Non-fermenters, Vibrio. UNIT- II MEDICAL VIROLOGY (08) Adenoviruses, Pox viruses, Hepadanaviruses, Arboviruses, Retroviruses, Medical Mycology: Fungi, Mold, Yeast, Pathogenic fungi, Superfical Mycoses, Subcutaneous Mycoses, Systemic Mycoses. UNIT- III HYBRIDOMA TECHNOLOGY (08) Monoclonal Antibodies – Production, Target drug delivery using monoclonal antibodies; Human Gene Therapy, Detection and Therapy of Tuberculosis, Yellow Fever, Japanese encephalitis, Dengue fever, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS),Cholera, Malaria; Cancer. UNIT- IV STEM CELL (09) Embronic and adult stem cells, Totipotent, pluripotent and multipotent cells testing and generation of embryonic stem cells, testing of adult stem cells and differentiation, potential uses of stem cells –cell bases therapies, Gene products in medicine – Humulin, erythropoietin, Growth hormone-somatostatin, TPA, Interferon; functional cloning-anti haemophilic factor positional cloning-Dystrophin. UNIT-V PHARMACEUTICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (11) Vaccines- Preparation and testing, standardization and storage study. Diphtheria, tetanus toxoid,cholera,petussis,plaque,BCG,rabies,polio,measles,typhoid,new generation of vaccines- hepatitis, AIDS,Malaria.production of recombinant pharmaceutical products – Biotechnologically derived products (therapeutic proteins);Study of Hematopoietic growth factors, Intrferons,interleukins, insulin, Growth Hormones.Recombinant coagulation factors and thrombolytic agents, somatostatin, somatotropin. Formulation of bioproducts- pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of peptide and protein srugs.

Total 45 hours TEXT BOOKS

1. Berger S.L.,ET.Al..,Methods in Enzymology, Academic press Inc.,CA 1992 2. De Kalyan kumar, Plant tissue culture, Ist edition, 1997 New Central Book Agency (P)

Ltd. 3. Freifelder David, Molecular Biology,2nd Edition,1998,Narosa Publishing.

87

08B8E8 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I INTRODUCTION (08) The origins of developmental biology; Concepts in development – Developmental signals in cell division & differentiation; Role of gene expression in development; Identifying developmental genes, Cell commitment &differentiation; Determination & induction of cell fate, Concept of morphogen & positional information; Model vertebrate organisms: Mouse, Zebrafish, Model invertebrate organisms: D. melanogaster, C. elegans, Model plant:A. thaliana UNIT – II GERM CELLS AND PATTERNING THE VERTEBRATE BODY PLAN (09) Genotypic & phenotypic sex-determiantion in mammals, D.melanogaster and C.elegans, Structure & Formation of germ cells, Fertilization; axes & germ layers; Setting up the body axes; the origin & specification of the germ layers. UNIT – III DEVELOPMENT OF VERTEBRATES (12) Development of the Drosophila, Nematodes & Cellular Slime Molds: Body Plan; Specification of body axes & role of maternal genes; Polarization of body axes during oogenesis; Patterning, Segmentation- & role of pair-rule genes; cell differentiation and aggregation.

UNIT – IV MORPHOGNESIS AND ORGANOGENESIS (08) Morphogenesis; Kinds of cleavage & blastulation; Types of tissue movement in gastrulation; Gastrulation in amphibians & mammals; Neural tube formation & neural crest migration; Cell Differentiation & Organogenesis; Models of cell differentiation; Insect imaginal disc &wing development; metamorphosis. UNIT – V EMBRYOGENESIS (08) Plant development; Pattern development in early embryogenesis of angiosperms; Floral development.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1.“Developmental Biology”, by Scott F. Gilbert (1997), Sinauer Associates, Inc 2. “Developmental Biology”, by A.Arumugam . Saras Publications. (1995)

88

08B8E9 BIODIVERSITY, IPR AND MANAGEMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

L T P C 3 0 0 3

UNIT – I (05) Introduction-Characterisation of Biodiversity-Magnitude and Distribution of Biodiversity-Generation, Maintenance and loss of Biodiversity. Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning - Basic principles , ecosystem analysis-Inventorying and Monitoring of Biodiversity-The Resource base for Biodiversity assessments. UNIT - II (10) Introduction - Invention and Creativity - Intellectual Property (IP) - Importance - Protection of IPR - Basic types of property (i. Movable Property ii. Immovable Property and iii. Intellectual Property). IP - Patents - Copyrights and related rights - Trade Marks and rights arising from Trademark registration -Definitions - Industrial Designs and Integrated circuits - Protection of Geographical Indications at national and International levels - Application Procedures. UNIT - III (10) International convention relating to Intellectual Property - Establishment of WIPO - Mission and Activities -History - General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT). Indian Position Vs WTO and Strategies - Indian IPR legislations - commitments to WTO-Patent Ordinance and the Bill - Draft of a national Intellectual Property Policy - Present against unfair competition. UNIT - IV (10) Case Studies on - Patents (Basumati rice, turmeric, Neem, etc.) - Copyright and related rights - Trade Marks - Industrial design and Integrated circuits - Geographic indications - Protection against unfair competition. UNIT - V (10) Data and information management and communication-Biotechnology. Human influences on Biodiversity-Economic values of Biodiversity. Measures for conservation of Biodiversity and sustainable use of its components.

Total : 45 Hours TEXT BOOK 1. V.H Heywood.R.T Watson Global Biodiversity Assessment, Cambridge University Press, 1996. 2. Subbaram N.R. " Handbook of Indian Patent Law and Practice ", S. Viswanathan (Printers and Publishers) Pvt. Ltd., 1998. REFERENCES 1. Eli Whitney, United States Patent Number : 72X, Cotton Gin, March 14, 1794. 2. Intellectual Property Today : Volume 8, No. 5, May 2001, [www.iptoday.com]. 3. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000. [www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html.