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Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

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Page 1: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

Illinois Early Learning StandardsIllinois State Board of Education:

Division of Early Childhood Education

Page 2: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

Introduction 2

Guiding Principles 4

Learning Areas 7

Resources 33

Project Participants 40

Participating School Districts 41

Benchmark Index 43

C O N T E N T S

Page 3: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

Illinois Early Learning StandardsIllinois State Board of Education:

Division of Early Childhood Education

March 2002

Page 4: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

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The Illinois Early Learning Standards, developed by the IllinoisState Board of Education with the assistance of hundreds ofeducators, were first introduced in draft form in June 2000.Among those playing a major role in formulating the draft standards were the Chicago Public Schools, DeKalb CommunityUnit School District, Indian Prairie School District, and RockfordPublic School District.

Since publication of the draft, hundreds of educators and parents, and a wide array of national, state and local experts,have commented on the standards. This final draft of the standards is a synthesis of their many views.

The standards are organized to parallel in content the IllinoisLearning Standards for K-12 education. Included are benchmarksfor learning in Language Arts, Mathematics, Science, SocialScience, Physical Development and Health, Fine Arts, ForeignLanguage, and Social/Emotional Development.

Introduction

Standards are an essential first step for designing effectivepreschool curricula since they represent an agreed uponagenda for teaching and learning. The Illinois Early LearningStandards are excellent because they recognize the interconnectedness of emotional, social, cognitive, and physical development and learning — the whole child. Likeall good standards, they should be used as the base for reflective teachers as they create learning experiences thatbuild on what children already know and capture their interest in learning.”

Barbara Bowman, Erikson Institute

Page 5: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

The goal of the standards is to provide teachers and caregiversuseful information that is directly needed as part of their dailyclassroom work. For those who are interested, the completeIllinois Learning Standards for K-12 may be found on the IllinoisState Board of Education web site, www.isbe.net.

ISBE acknowledges with great thanks the very thoughtful and knowledgeable comments that have helped shape these standards. A list of contributing school districts and early childhood programs appears at the end of this document.There is no doubt that without this assistance, the standardswould not exist today.

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Early learning and development are multidimensional.Developmental domains are highly interrelated.

Development in one domain influences development in otherdomains. For example, a child’s language skills affect his or herability to engage in social interactions. Therefore, developmentaldomains cannot be considered in isolation from each other. The dynamic interaction of all areas of development must beconsidered. Standards and benchmarks listed for each domaincould also be cited in different domains.

Young children are capable and competent.

All children are capable of positive developmental outcomes.There should be high expectations for all young children,regardless of their backgrounds and experience.

Children are individuals who develop at different rates.

Each child is unique. Each grows and develops skills and competencies at their own pace. Some children may have adevelopmental delay or disability that may require program staffmembers to adapt expectations or experiences so that individualchildren can successfully achieve a particular benchmark.

Children will exhibit a range of skills and competencies inany domain of development.

All children within an age group should not be expected toarrive at each benchmark at the same time or to show masteryto the same degree of proficiency.

Guiding Principles

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Knowledge of how children grow and develop, togetherwith expectations that are consistent with growth patterns,are essential to develop, implement and maximize thebenefits of educational experiences for children.

Early care and education program staff members must agree onwhat they expect children to know and be able to do within thecontext of child growth and development. With this knowledge,early childhood staff members can make sound decisions aboutappropriate curriculum for the group and for individual children.

Young children learn through active exploration of theirenvironment in child-initiated and teacher-selected activities.

Early childhood educators recognize that children’s play is a highly supportive context for development and learning. Theearly childhood environment should provide opportunities for children to explore materials, engage in activities and interactwith peers and adults to construct their own understanding of the world around them. There should, therefore, be a balance of child-initiated and teacher-initiated activities to maximize learning.

Families are the primary caregivers and educators ofyoung children.

Families should be aware of programmatic goals, experiencesthat should be provided for children and expectations for their performance by the end of the preschool years. Programstaff members and families should work collaboratively toensure that children are provided optimal learning experiences.

Adapted from Preschool Curriculum Framework andBenchmarks for Children in Preschool Programs

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Learning AreasUse the tabs on the right to navigate.

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STATE GOAL 1:Read with understanding and fluency.

Learning Standard A:Apply word analysis and vocabulary skills to comprehend selections.

BENCHMARKS1.A.ECa Understand that pictures and symbols

have meaning and that print carries a message.

1.A.ECb Understand that reading progresses from left to right and top to bottom.

1.A.ECc Identify labels and signs in the environment.

1.A.ECd Identify some letters, including those in own name.

1.A.ECe Make some letter-sound matches.

Learning Standard B:Apply reading strategies to improve understanding and fluency.

BENCHMARKS1.B.ECa Predict what will happen next using pictures

and content for guides.

1.B.ECb Begin to develop phonological awareness by participating in rhyming activities.

1.B.ECc Recognize separable and repeating sounds in spoken language.

Language Arts

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Learning Standard C:Comprehend a broad range of reading materials.

BENCHMARKS1.C.ECa Retell information from a story.

1.C.ECb Respond to simple questions about reading material.

1.C.ECc Demonstrate understanding of literal meaning of stories by making comments.

STATE GOAL 2:Read and understand literature representative of various societies, eras and ideas.

Learning Standard A:Understand how literary elements and techniques are used to convey meaning.

BENCHMARK2.A.EC Understand that different text forms, such as

magazines, notes, lists, letters, and story books, are used for different purposes.

Learning Standard B:Read and interpret a variety of literary works.

BENCHMARK2.B.EC Show independent interest in reading-

related activities.

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STATE GOAL 3:Write to communicate for a variety of purposes.

Learning Standard A:Use correct grammar, spelling, punctuation, capitalization and structure.

BENCHMARK3.A.EC Use scribbles, approximations of letters, or

known letters to represent written language.

Learning Standard B:Compose well-organized and coherent writing for specific purposes and audiences.

BENCHMARK3.B.EC Dictate stories and experiences.

Learning Standard C:Communicate ideas in writing to accomplish a variety of purposes.

BENCHMARK3.C.EC Use drawing and writing skills to convey

meaning and information.

STATE GOAL 4:Listen and speak effectively in a variety of situations.

Learning Standard A:Listen effectively in formal and informal situations.

L A N G U A G E A R T S . . .

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BENCHMARK4.A.EC Listen with understanding and respond to

directions and conversations.

Learning Standard B:Speak effectively using language appropriate to the situationand audience.

BENCHMARK4.B.EC Communicate needs, ideas and thoughts.

STATE GOAL 5:Use the language arts to acquire, assess and communicate information.

Learning Standard A:Locate, organize, and use information from various sources toanswer questions, solve problems, and communicate ideas.

BENCHMARK5.A.EC Seek answers to questions through

active exploration.

Learning Standard B:Analyze and evaluate information acquired from various sources.

BENCHMARK5.B.EC Relate prior knowledge to new information.

Learning Standard C:Apply acquired information, concepts and ideas to communicatein a variety of formats.

BENCHMARK5.C.EC Communicate information with others.

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STATE GOAL 6:Demonstrate and apply a knowledge and sense of numbers,including numeration and operations (addition, subtraction,multiplication, division), patterns, ratios and proportions.

Learning Standard A:Demonstrate knowledge and use of numbers and their repre-sentations in a broad range of theoretical and practical settings.

BENCHMARKS6.A.ECa Use concepts that include number recognition,

counting and one-to-one correspondence.

6.A.ECb Count with understanding and recognize “how many” in sets of objects.

Learning Standard B:Investigate, represent, and solve problems using number facts,operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division) andtheir properties, algorithms and relationships.

BENCHMARK6.B.EC Solve simple mathematical problems.

Learning Standard C:Compute and estimate using mental mathematics, paper-and-pencil methods, calculators and computers.

BENCHMARKS6.C.ECa Explore quantity and number.

6.C.ECb Connect numbers to quantities they represent using physical models and representations.

Mathematics

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Learning Standard D:Solve problems using comparison of quantities, ratios,proportions and percents.

BENCHMARK6.D.EC Make comparisons of quantities.

STATE GOAL 7:Estimate, make and use measurements of objects, quantitiesand relationships and determine acceptable levels of accuracy.

Learning Standard A:Measure and compare quantities using appropriate units, instruments and methods.

BENCHMARKS7.A.ECa Demonstrate a beginning understanding

of measurement using non-standard units and measurement words.

7.A.ECb Construct a sense of time through participation in daily activities.

Learning Standard B:Estimate measurements and determine acceptable levels of accuracy.

BENCHMARK7.B.EC Show understanding of and use

comparative words.

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Learning Standard C:Select and use appropriate technology, instruments and formulas to solve problems, interpret results and communicate findings.

BENCHMARK7.C.EC Incorporate estimating and measuring

activities into play.

STATE GOAL 8:Use algebraic and analytical methods to identify and describepatterns and relationships in data, solve problems, and predict results.

Learning Standard A:Describe numerical relationships using variables and patterns.

BENCHMARK8.A.EC Sort and classify objects by a variety

of properties.

Learning Standard B:Interpret and describe numerical relationships using tables,graphs and symbols.

BENCHMARKS8.B.ECa Recognize, duplicate and extend simple

patterns, such as sequences of sounds, shapes and colors.

8.B.ECb Begin to order objects in series or rows.

M AT H E M AT I C S . . .

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Learning Standard C:Solve problems using systems of numbers and their properties.

BENCHMARK8.C.EC Participate in situations that involve addition

and subtraction using manipulatives.

Learning Standard D:Use algebraic concepts and procedures to represent and solve problems.

BENCHMARK8.D.EC Describe qualitative change, such as measuring

to see who is growing taller.

STATE GOAL 9:Use geometric methods to analyze, categorize, and draw conclusions about points, lines, planes and space.

Learning Standard A:Demonstrate and apply geometric concepts involving points,lines, planes and space.

BENCHMARK9.A.EC Recognize geometric shapes and structures in

the environment.

Learning Standard B:Identify, describe, classify and compare relationships usingpoints, lines, planes and solids.

BENCHMARK9.B.EC Find and name locations with simple words,

such as “near”.

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STATE GOAL 10:Collect, organize and analyze data using statistical methods;predict results; and interpret uncertainty using concepts of probability.

Learning Standard A:Organize, describe and make predictions from existing data.

BENCHMARKS10.A.ECa Represent data using concrete objects, pictures,

and graphs.

10.A.ECb Make predictions about what will happen next.

Learning Standard B:Formulate questions, design data collection methods, gatherand analyze data and communicate findings.

BENCHMARK10.B.EC Gather data about themselves and

their surroundings.

M AT H E M AT I C S . . .

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STATE GOAL 11:Understand the processes of scientific inquiry and technologicaldesign to investigate questions, conduct experiments and solve problems.

Learning Standard A:Know and apply the concepts, principals and processes of scientific inquiry.

BENCHMARKS11.A.ECa Uses senses to explore and observe materials

and natural phenomena.

11.A.ECb Collect, describe and record information.

Learning Standard B:Know and apply the concepts, principles and processes of technological design.

BENCHMARKS11.B.ECa Use scientific tools such as thermometers,

balance scales and magnifying glasses for investigation.

11.B.ECb Become familiar with the use of devices incorporating technology.

Science

Page 20: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

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STATE GOAL 12:Understand the fundamental concepts, principles and interconnections of the life, physical and earth/space sciences.

Learning Standard A:Know and apply concepts that explain how living things function, adapt and change.

BENCHMARKS12.A.ECa Investigate and categorize living things in

the environment.

12.A.ECb Show an awareness of changes that occur in themselves and their environment.

Learning Standard B:Know and apply concepts that describe how living things interact with each other and with their environment.

BENCHMARK12.B.EC Describe and compare basic needs of

living things.

Learning Standard C:Know and apply concepts that describe properties of matter andenergy and the interactions between them.

BENCHMARK12.C.EC Make comparisons among objects that have

been observed.

S C I E N C E . . .

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Learning Standard D:Know and apply concepts that describe force and motion andthe principles that explain them.

BENCHMARK12.D.EC Describe the effects of forces in nature

(e.g. wind, gravity and magnetism).

Learning Standard E:Know and apply the concepts that describe the features andprocesses of the Earth and its resources.

BENCHMARKS12.E.ECa Use common weather-related vocabulary

(e.g. rainy, snowy, sunny, windy).

12.E.ECb Participate in recycling in their environment.

Learning Standard F:Know and apply concepts that explain the composition andstructure of the universe and the Earth’s place in it.

BENCHMARK12.F.EC Identify basic concepts associated with

night/day and seasons.

Page 22: Illinois Early Learning Standards f - Illinois Early Learing Standards.pdf · Illinois Early Learning Standards Illinois State Board of Education: Division of Early Childhood Education

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STATE GOAL 13:Understand the relationships among science, technology andsociety in historical and contemporary contexts.

Learning Standard A:Know and apply the accepted practices of science.

BENCHMARK13.A.EC Begin to understand basic safety practices.

Learning Standard B:Know and apply concepts that describe the interaction betweenscience, technology and society.

BENCHMARKS13.B.ECa Express wonder and ask questions about

their world.

13.B.ECb Begin to be aware of technology and how it affects their lives.

S C I E N C E . . .

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STATE GOAL 14:Understand political systems, with an emphasis on the United States.

Learning Standard A:Understand and explain basic principles of the United States government.

BENCHMARK14.A.EC Recognize the reasons for rules.

Learning Standard C:Understand election processes and responsibilities of citizens.

BENCHMARK14.C.EC Participate in voting as a way of

making choices.

Learning Standard D:Understand the roles and influences of individuals and interestgroups in the political systems of Illinois, the United States andother nations.

BENCHMARK14.D.EC Develop an awareness of roles of leaders in

their environment.

Social Science

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STATE GOAL 15:Understand economic systems, with an emphasis on the United States.

Learning Standard A:Understand how different economic systems operate in theexchange, production, distribution and consumption of goodsand services.

BENCHMARK15.A.EC Identify community workers and the services

they provide.

Learning Standard D:Understand trade as an exchange of goods and services.

BENCHMARK15.D.EC Begin to understand the use of trade to obtain

goods and services.

STATE GOAL 16:Understand events, trends, individuals and movements shapingthe history of Illinois, the United States and other nations.

Learning Standard A:Apply the skills of historical analysis and interpretation.

BENCHMARK16.A.EC Recall information about the immediate past.

S O C I A L S C I E N C E . . .

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STATE GOAL 17:Understand world geography and the effects of geography onsociety, with and emphasis on the United States.

Learning Standard A:Locate, describe and explain places, regions and featureson the Earth.

BENCHMARKS17.A.ECa Locate objects and places in

familiar environments.

17.A.ECb Express beginning geographic thinking.

STATE GOAL 18:Understand social systems, with an emphasis on the United States.

Learning Standard A:Compare characteristics of culture as reflected in language, literature, the arts, traditions and institutions.

BENCHMARK18.A.EC Recognize similarities and differences in people.

Learning Standard B:Understand the roles and interactions of individuals and groupsin society.

BENCHMARK18.B.EC Understand that each of us belongs to a family

and recognize that families vary.

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STATE GOAL 19:Acquire movement skills and understand concepts needed toengage in health-enhancing physical activity.

Learning Standard A:Demonstrate physical competency in individual and team sports,creative movement and leisure and work-related activities.

BENCHMARKS19.A.ECa Engage in active play using gross motor skills.

19.A.ECb Engage in active play using fine motor skills.

Learning Standard B:Analyze various movement concepts and applications.

BENCHMARK19.B.EC Coordinate movements to perform complex tasks.

Learning Standard C:Demonstrate knowledge of rules, safety and strategies duringphysical activity.

BENCHMARK19.C.EC Follow simple safety rules while participating

in activities.

Physical Development and Health

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STATE GOAL 20:Achieve and maintain a health-enhancing level of physical fitness based upon continual self-assessment.

Learning Standard A:Know and apply the principles and components of health-related fitness.

BENCHMARK20.A.EC Participate in developmental activities related

to physical fitness.

Learning Standard B:Assess individual fitness levels.

BENCHMARK20.B.EC Exhibit increased endurance.

STATE GOAL 21:Develop team-building skills by working with others throughphysical activity.

Learning Standard A:Demonstrate individual responsibility during group physical activities.

BENCHMARK21.A.EC Follow rules and procedures when participating

in group physical activities.

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Learning Standard B:Demonstrate cooperative skills during structured group physical activity.

BENCHMARK21.B.EC Demonstrate ability to cooperate with others

during group physical activities.

STATE GOAL 22:Understand principles of health promotion and the preventionand treatment of illness and injury.

Learning Standard A:Explain the basic principles of health promotion, illness prevention and safety.

BENCHMARK22.A.EC Participate in simple practices that promote

healthy living and prevent illness.

STATE GOAL 23:Understand human body systems and factors that influencegrowth and development.

Learning Standard A:Describe and explain the structure and functions of human bodysystems and how they interrelate.

BENCHMARK23.A.EC Identify body parts and their functions.

P H Y S I C A L D E V E L O P M E N T A N D H E A LT H . . .

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Learning Standard B:Explain the effects of health-related actions on the body systems.

BENCHMARK23.B.EC Act independently in caring for personal

hygiene needs.

STATE GOAL 24:Promote and enhance health and well being through the use ofeffective communication and decision-making skills.

Learning Standard A:Demonstrate procedures for communicating in positive ways,resolving differences and preventing conflict.

BENCHMARKS24.A.ECa Use appropriate communication skills when

expressing needs, wants and feelings.

24.A.ECb Use socially acceptable ways to resolve conflict.

Learning Standard C:Demonstrate skills essential to enhancing health and avoidingdangerous situations.

BENCHMARK24.C.EC Participate in activities to learn to avoid

dangerous situations.

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STATE GOAL 25:Know the language of the arts.

Learning Standard A:Understand the sensory elements, organizational principles andexpressive qualities of the arts.

BENCHMARKS25.A.ECa Dance: Investigate the elements of dance.

25.A.ECb Drama: Investigate the elements of drama.

25.A.ECc Music: Investigate the elements of music.

25.A.ECd Visual Arts: Investigate the elements of visual arts.

Learning Standard B:Understand the similarities, distinctions and connections in andamong the arts.

BENCHMARK25.B.EC Describe or respond to their own creative work

or the creative work of others.

Fine Arts

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STATE GOAL 26:Through creating and performing, understand how works of artare produced.

Learning Standard A:Understand processes, traditional tools and modern technologies used in the arts.

BENCHMARKS26.A.ECa Dance: Participate in dance activities.

26.A.ECb Drama: Participate in drama activities.

26.A.ECc Music: Participate in music activities.

26.A.ECd Visual Arts: Participate in the visual arts.

Learning Standard B:Apply skills and knowledge necessary to create and perform inone or more of the arts.

BENCHMARK26.B.EC Use creative arts as an avenue for

self-expression.

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STATE GOAL 28:Use the target language to communicate within and beyond theclassroom setting.

BENCHMARK28.A.EC Maintain the native language for use in a

variety of purposes.

STATE GOAL 30:Use the target language to make connections and reinforceknowledge and skills across academic, vocational and technical disciplines.

BENCHMARK30.A.EC Use and maintain the native language in

order to build upon and develop transferable language and literacy skills.

ForeignLanguages

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STATE GOAL 31:Develop an awareness of personal identity and positive self-concept.

Learning Standard A:Develop a positive self-concept.

BENCHMARKS31.A.ECa Describe self by using several

basic characteristics.

31.A.ECb Exhibit eagerness and curiosity as a learner.

31.A.ECc Exhibit persistence and creativity in seeking solutions to problems.

31.A.ECd Show some initiative and independence in actions.

31.A.ECe Use appropriate communication skills when expressing needs, wants and feelings.

Social/EmotionalDevelopment

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STATE GOAL 32:Demonstrate a respect and a responsibility for self and others.

Learning Standard A:Perform effectively as an individual.

BENCHMARKS32.A.ECa Begin to understand and follow rules.

32.A.ECb Manage transitions and begin to adapt to change in routines.

32.A.ECc Show empathy and caring for others.

32.A.ECd Use the classroom environment purposefully and respectfully.

Learning Standard B:Perform effectively as a member of a group.

BENCHMARKS32.B.ECa Engage in cooperative group play.

32.B.ECb Begin to share materials and experiences and take turns.

32.B.ECc Respect the rights of self and others.

32.B.ECd Develop relationships with children and adults.

S O C I A L / E M O T I O N A L D E V E L O P M E N T . . .

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Resources

Anti-Bias Curriculum, Tools for Empowering Young Children,Louise Derman-Sparks and the A.,B.C. Task Force. Washington,DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children, 1989.

Beginning to Read: Thinking and Learning About Print, MarilynJager Adams. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1998.

Beyond Self-Esteem: Developing a Genuine Sense of HumanValue, Nancy E. Curry and Carl N. Johnson. Washington, DC:National Association for the Education of Young Children, 1990.

Bringing Reggio Emilia Home, An Innovative Approach to EarlyChildhood Education, Louise Boyd Cadwell. New York, NY:Teachers College Press, 1997.

Checkpoints for Progress in Reading and Writing for Teachersand Learning Partners, Developed by a Subgroup of the AmericaReads Challenge: READ*WRITE*NOW United States Departmentof Education.

Child Assessment Profile, Chicago Public Schools, 1999.

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Children Achieving, Best Practices in Early Literacy, Susan B.Newman and Kathleen A. Roskos (Ed.). Newark, DE: InternationalReading Association, 1998.

The Creative Curriculum for Early Childhood, (Third Edition)Diane Trister Dodge and Laura J. Colker. Washington, DC:Teaching Strategies, Inc., 1996.

DEC Recommended Practices: Indicators of Quality in Programsfor Infants and Young Children with Special Needs and TheirFamilies, DEC Task Force on Recommended Practices. Reston,VA: Council for Exceptional Children, 1993.

Developmentally Appropriate Practice in Early ChildhoodPrograms, (Revised Edition) Sue Bredekamp and Carol Copple(Eds.). Washington, DC: National Association for the Educationof Young Children, 1997.

Discovery Science, Explorations for the Early Years,(Prekindergarten) David A. Winnett, Robert E. Rockwell,Elizabeth A. Sherwood and Robert A. Williams. Menlo Park, CA:Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1996.

Diversity in the Classroom, New Approaches to the Education ofYoung Children, Frances E. Kendall. New York, NY: TeachersCollege Press, 1996.

Early Childhood: Where Learning Begins – Geography, Carol Sue Fromboluti and Carol Seefeldt. National Institute on EarlyChildhood Development and Education, Office EducationalResearch and Improvement, U.S. Department of Education, 1999.

Early Childhood Education and the Elementary School Principal:Standards for Quality Programs for Young Children, (SecondEdition) Alexandria, VA: National Association of ElementarySchool Principals, 1998.

R E S O U R C E S . . .

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Educating Language Minority Children, Barbara T. Bowman. (Eric Digest EDO-PS-90-91) Eric Clearinghouse on Elementaryand Early Childhood Education.

Educating Young Children, Active Learning Practices forPreschool and Child Care Programs, Mary Hohmann and DavidP. Weikert. Ypsilanti, MI: High Scope Press, 1995.

The Effective Use of Computers with Young Children, DouglasClements in Mathematics in the Early Years, Juanita V. Copley(Ed.). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics/Washington, D.C: National Association for the Education ofYoung Children, 1999.

Emergent Literacy Program and Support Services, ProjectELIPSS/Kathy Barclay, Ed.D.et al. Head Start Emergent LiteracyProject, 1996.

Emotional Intelligence, Daniel Goleman. New York, NY: BantamBooks, 1995.

Every Child a Reader: Applying Reading Research in theClassroom, Elfrieda H. Hiebert, P. David Pearson, Barbara M.Taylor, Virginia Richardson, and Scott G. Paris. Ann Arbor, MI:Center for the Improvement of Early Reading Achievement, 1998.

Fostering Children’s Social Competence: The Teacher’s Role,Lillian G. Katz and Diane E. McClellan. Washington, DC: NationalAssociation for the Education of Young Children, 1997.

Fostering Children’s Mathematical Power: An InvestigativeApproach to K-8 Mathematics Instruction, A. J. Baroody with R.T. Coslick. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 1998.

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Geometric and Spatial Thinking in Young Children, Douglas H.Clements in Mathematics in the Early Years, Juanita V. Copley(Ed.). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of MathematicsWashington, D.C. National Association for the Education ofYoung Children, 1999.

Having Friends, Making Friends, and Keeping Friends: Relationshipsas Educational Contexts. Willard W. Hartup. ERIC Digest, 1992.

Implementing an Anti-Bias Curriculum in Early Childhood, Julie Bisson Hohensee and Louise Derman-Sparks. (Eric Digest EDO-PS-92-98) Eric Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education.

Indicators and Measurements for Desired Results for Children and Families, California Department of Education, November 24, 1999.

Ladders to Literacy, A Preschool Activity Book, Angela Notari-Syverson, Rollanda E. O’Connor and Patricia Vadasy.Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1998.

Learning to Read and Write: Developmentally AppropriatePractices for Young Children, Susan B. Neuman, Carol Copple,and Sue Bredekamp. Washington, DC: National Association forthe Education of Young Children, 2000.

Literacy Instruction for Culturally and Linguistically DiverseStudents, Michael F. Opitz (Ed.). Newark, DE: InternationalReading Association, 1998.

Looking at Literacy Learning in Preschool Settings, RobinCampbell in Facilitating Preschool Literacy, Robin Campbell (Ed.).Newark, DE: International Reading Association, 1998.

R E S O U R C E S . . .

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Mathematics in the Early Years: Making Connections, A “NumberCurriculum” for Preschoolers, Ruth Shane, Juanita V. Copley (Ed.)Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics/Washington, D.C.: National Association for the Education of YoungChildren, 1999.

Meeting the Challenge, Effective Strategies for ChallengingBehaviors in Early Childhood Program, Barbara Kaiser and JudySklar Rasminsky. Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Child CareFederation, 1999.

More Mudpies to Magnets, Science for Young Children, ElizabethA. Sherwood, Robert A. Williams, and Robert E. Rockwell. Mt. Ranier, MD: Gryphon House, Inc. 1990.

Much More Than ABC’s, The Early Stages of Reading and Writing,Judith A. Schickendanz Washington, D.C.: National Associationfor the Education of Young Children, 1999.

Music In Our Lives, The Early Years, Dorothy T. McDonaldWashington, D.C.: National Association for Education Of YoungChildren, 1979.

Native Language Literacy: Is it Just Another Option?, Kris AnstromNational Clearinghouse for Bilingual Education, Early ChildhoodUpdate, Summer/Fall 1997.

Pathways to Play, Developing Play Skills in Young Children, SandraHeidemann and Deborah Hewitt. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 1992.

Preschool Curriculum Framework and Benchmarks for Children inPreschool Programs, Connecticut State Department of Education,May 1999.

Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children, Catherine Snow,M. Susan Burns, and Peg Griffin (Ed). Washington, D.C. NationalAcademy Press, 1998.

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Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, Reston, VA:National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 2000.

Questions and Answers About Bilingual Education, Dr. AliciaSalinas Sosa. San Antonio, TX: Intercultural DevelopmentResearch Association, 1993.

Reaching Potentials: Transforming Early Childhood Curriculumand Assessment, Vol. 2 Sue Bredekamp and Teresa Rosegrant(Ed.) Washington, D.C: Teaching Strategies, Inc. 1992.

Reading and Writing Grade By Grade, New Standards PrimaryLiteracy Committee National Center on Education and Economyand the University of Pittsburgh, 1999.

Reading and Writing in Every Grade: New Standards PrimaryLiteracy Standards, Washington, DC: National Center on Educationand the Economy, 1999.

Reinventing Childhood, Raising and Educating Children in aChanging World, David Elkind, Ph.D Rosemont, NJ: ModernLearning Press, Inc., 1998.

Responding to Linguistic and Cultural Diversity-Recommendations for Effective Early Childhood Education,National Association for the Education of Young Children, 1996.

Science with Young Children, (Revised Edition) Bess-Gene Holt.Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of YoungChildren, 1993.

Second Step, A violence Prevention Curriculum, Preschool-Kindergarten (Ages 4-6) — Teacher’s Guide, Seattle, WS:Committee for Children, 1997.

Self-Esteem and Narcissism: Implications for Practice, Lilian G.Katz. ERIC Digest, 1993.

R E S O U R C E S . . .

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Starting Out Right: A Guide to Promoting Children’s Success, M. Susan Burns, Peg Griffin, and Catherine E. Snow (Eds.).Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1999.

Starting Small, Teaching Tolerance in Preschool and the EarlyGrades, Montgomery, AL: Teaching Tolerance Project, 1997.

Teaching Movement and Dance, A Sequential Approach toRhythmic Movement, Second Edition Phyllis S. Weikert. Ypsilanti,MI: The High Scope Press, 1982.

Technology and Young Children: Position Statement onTechnology and Young Children-Ages Three through Eight,NAEYC, 1996.

Transdisciplinary Play-Based Assessment, Toni Linder Baltimore,MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., 1993.

What Can We Learn From Reggio Emilia? Lillian Katz In TheHundred Languages of Children: The Reggio Emilia Approach toEarly Childhood Education, Norwood, NJ: Ablex PublishingCorporation, 1996.

What Will Happen If…Young Children and the ScientificMethod, Barbara Sprung, Merle Froschi and Patricia B. CampbellDeveloped by Beginning Math and Science Equitability ProjectNew York, NY: Educational Equity Concepts, Inc., 1985.

The Work Sampling System The Work Sampling SystemOmnibus Guidelines: Preschool through Third Grade, (ThirdEdition) Judy R. Jablon, Dorethea B. Marsden, Samuel J. Meisels,and Margo L. Dichtelmiller. Ann Arbor, MI: The Work SamplingSystem, 1994.

Young Children and Technology, A World of Discovery, Susan W.Haugland and June l. Wright Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 1997.

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Chris BradyDeKalb School District

Susan BuskerRockford School District

Shelby KingIllinois State Board of Education

Eric MagnusonIllinois State Board of Education

Kay HendersonEarly Childhood Division Administrator

Illinois State Board of Education

P R O J E C T PA R T I C I PA N T S

Alice MossChicago Public Schools

Donna NylanderIndian Prairie School District

Mary SuddarthIllinois State Board of Education

Participants

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Erie CUSD 1Erie, IL

Four Rivers - Special Ed. DistrictJacksonville, IL

Freeburg CCSD 70Freeburg, IL

Galesburg CUSD 5Galesburg, IL

Genoa Kingston CUSD 424Genoa, IL

Hamilton County CUSD 10McLeansboro, IL

Harlem CUSD 122Loves Park, IL

Harrison SD 36Wonder Lake, IL

Harvard CUSD 50Harvard, IL

Harvey SD 152Harvey, IL

Huntley SD 158Huntley, IL

Hawthorn SD 73Vernon Hills, IL

High Mount SD 116Swansea, IL

Hillsboro CUSD 3Hillsboro, IL

Hoover-Schrum SD 157Calumet City, IL

Indian Creek CUSD 425Shabbona, IL

Indian Prairie SD 204Naperville, IL

Indian Springs SD 109Justice, IL

Iroquois County CUSD 9Watseka, IL

Argenta-Oreana CUSD 1Argenta, IL

Aurora West CUSD 129Aurora, IL

Avon CUSD 176Avon, IL

Ball-Chatham CUSD 5Chatham, IL

Barrington CUSD 220Barrington, IL

BCMW Head StartCentralia, IL

Belvidere CUSD 100Belvidere, IL

Bethalto CUSD 8Bethalto, IL

Bloomington SD 87Bloomington, IL

Blue Ridge CUSD 18Farmer City, IL

Bond County CUSD 2Greenville, IL

Bourbonnais SD 53Bourbonnais, IL

Canton CUSD 66Canton, IL

Carbondale Elementary SD 95Carbondale, IL

Carlinville CUSD 1Carlinville, IL

Carlyle CUSD 1Carlyle, IL

Carmi-White CUSD 5Carmi, IL

Carpentersville CUSD 300Carpentersville, IL

Carroll, JoDaviess, Stephenson ROEFreeport, IL

Carterville CUSD 5Cambria, IL

Chicago Heights SD 170Chicago Heights, IL

City of Chicago SD 99Chicago, IL

Cook County SD 130Blue Island, IL

Cuba SD 3Cuba, IL

Dallas City CUSD 336Dallas City, IL

Danville CCSD 118Danville, IL

Decatur SD 61Decatur, IL

DeKalb CUSD 428DeKalb, IL

Dolton SD 149Calumet City, IL

Dwight Common SD 232Dwight, IL

East Alton SD 13East Alton, IL

East Dubuque CUSD 119East Dubuque, IL

East Richland CUSD 1Olney, IL

Edwardsville CUSD 7Edwardsville, IL

Egyptian CUSD 5Tamms, IL

Eldorado CUSD 4Eldorado, IL

Elgin SD U-46Elgin, IL

PA R T I C I PAT I N G D I S T R I C T S & P R O G R A M S

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Jonesboro CCSD 43Jonesboro, IL

LeRoy CUSD 2LeRoy, IL

Litchfield CUSD 12Litchfield, IL

Lombard Elementary SD 44Lombard, IL

Lovington CUSD 303Lovington, IL

Macomb CUSD 185Macomb, IL

Midstate Special EducationTaylorville, IL

Milford CCSD 280Milford, IL

Momence CUSD 1Momence, IL

Morton SD 709Morton, IL

Mundelein Elementary SD 75Mundelein, IL

Murphysboro CUSD 186Carbondale, IL

Nashville CCSD 49Nashville, IL

New Berlin CUSD 16New Berlin, IL

Northwest Special Ed. DistrictFreeport, IL

Oblong CUSD 4Oblong, IL

O’Fallon CCSD 90O’Fallon, IL

Oglesby Elementary SD 125Oglesby, IL

Olympia CUSD 16Stanford, IL

Orland SD 135Orland Park, IL

Palos Heights SD 128Palos Heights, IL

Paxton-Buckley-Loda CUSD 10Paxton, IL

Pekin SD 108Pekin, IL

Peoria CUSD 150Peoria, IL

Peoria Heights CUSD 325Peoria Heights. IL

Princeville CUSD 326Princeville, IL

Queen Bee SD 16Glendale Heights, IL

Quincy SD 172Quincy, IL

Robinson CUSD 2Robinson, IL

Rockford SD 205Rockford, IL

Rockton SD 140Rockton, IL

ROE # 25Mt. Vernon, IL

ROE #27Monmouth, IL

Savanna CUSD 300Savanna, IL

Schaumburg CCSD 54Schaumburg, IL

Schuyler SD 1Rushville, IL

Shiloh Village SD 85Shiloh, IL

Silvis SD 34Silvis, IL

Springfield SD 186Springfield, IL

Southern Region - Early ChildhoodCarbondale, IL

Southern Seven - Head StartUllin, IL

St. Anne CCSD 256St. Anne, IL

STARNET Region I & IIIMacomb, IL

STARNET Region IVBelleville, IL

Sterling CUSD 5Sterling, IL

Tinley Park CCSD 146Tinley Park, IL

Trico CUSD 176Campbell Hill, IL

Vienna Elementary SD 55Vienna, IL

Virginia CUSD 64Virginia, IL

VIT CUSD 2Table Grove, IL

West Chicago SD 33West Chicago, IL

West Richland SD 2Noble, IL

Winnebago CUSD 323Winnebago, IL

PA R T I C I PAT I N G D I S T R I C T S & P R O G R A M S . . .

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Language ArtsUnderstand that pictures and symbols have meaningand that print carries a message.

Understand that reading progresses from left to rightand top to bottom.

Identify labels and signs in the environment.

Identify some letters, including those in own name.

Make some letter-sound matches.

Predict what will happen next using pictures and content for guides.

Begin to develop phonological awareness by participating in rhyming activities.

Recognize separable and repeating sounds in spoken language.

Retell information from a story.

Respond to simple questions about reading material.

Demonstrate understanding of literal meaning of stories by making comments.

Understand that different text forms, such as magazines, notes, lists, letters, and story books, areused for different purposes.

Show independent interest in reading-related activities.

Use scribbles, approximations of letters, or known letters to represent written language.

Dictate stories and experiences.

Use drawing and writing skills to convey meaning and information.

Listen with understanding and respond to directions and conversations.

Benchmark Index

A8

8

8

8

8

8

8

8

9

9

9

9

9

10

10

10

11

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B E N C H M A R K I N D E X . . .

Communicate needs, ideas and thoughts.

Seek answers to questions through active exploration.

Relate prior knowledge to new information.

Communicate information with others.

MathematicsUse concepts that include number recognition, counting and one-to-one correspondence.

Count with understanding and recognize “how many”in sets of objects.

Solve simple mathematical problems.

Explore quantity and number.

Connect numbers to quantities they represent usingphysical models and representations.

Make comparisons of quantities.

Demonstrate a beginning understanding of measure-ment using non-standard units and measurement words.

Construct a sense of time through participation in daily activities.

Show understanding of and use comparative words.

Incorporate estimating and measuring activities into play.

Sort and classify objects by a variety of properties.

Recognize, duplicate and extend simple patterns, suchas sequences of sounds, shapes and colors.

Begin to order objects in series or rows.

Participate in situations that involve addition and subtraction using manipulatives.

Describe qualitative change, such as measuring to seewho is growing taller.

11

11

11

11

M12

12

12

12

12

13

13

13

13

14

14

14

14

15

15

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Recognize geometric shapes and structures in the environment.

Find and name locations with simple words, such as “near”.

Represent data using concrete objects, pictures, and graphs.

Make predictions about what will happen next.

Gather data about themselves and their surroundings.

ScienceUses senses to explore and observe materials and natural phenomena.

Collect, describe and record information.

Use scientific tools such as thermometers, balancescales and magnifying glasses for investigation.

Become familiar with the use of devices incorporating technology.

Investigate and categorize living things in the environment.

Show an awareness of changes that occur in themselves and their environment.

Describe and compare basic needs of living things.

Make comparisons among objects that have been observed.

Describe the effects of forces in nature(e.g. wind, gravity and magnetism).

Use common weather-related vocabulary (e.g. rainy, snowy, sunny, windy).

Participate in recycling in their environment.

15

15

16

16

16

M17

17

17

17

18

18

18

18

19

19

19

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Identify basic concepts associated with night/day and seasons.

Begin to understand basic safety practices.

Express wonder and ask questions about their world.

Begin to be aware of technology and how it affectstheir lives.

Social ScienceRecognize the reasons for rules.

Participate in voting as a way of making choices.

Develop an awareness of roles of leaders in their environment.

Identify community workers and the services they provide.

Begin to understand the use of trade to obtain goodsand services.

Recall information about the immediate past.

Locate objects and places in familiar environments.

Express beginning geographic thinking.

Recognize similarities and differences in people.

Understand that each of us belongs to a family andrecognize that families vary.

Physical Development and HealthEngage in active play using gross motor skills.

Engage in active play using fine motor skills.

Coordinate movements to perform complex tasks.

Follow simple safety rules while participating in activities.

B E N C H M A R K I N D E X . . .

19

20

20

20

21

21

21

22

22

22

23

23

23

23

24

24

24

24

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Participate in developmental activities related to physical fitness.

Exhibit increased endurance.

Follow rules and procedures when participating ingroup physical activities.

Demonstrate ability to cooperate with others duringgroup physical activities.

Participate in simple practices that promote healthy living and prevent illness.

Identify body parts and their functions.

Act independently in caring for personal hygiene needs.

Use appropriate communication skills when expressingneeds, wants and feelings.

Use socially acceptable ways to resolve conflict.

Participate in activities to learn to avoid dangerous situations.

Fine ArtsDance: Investigate the elements of dance.

Drama: Investigate the elements of drama.

Music: Investigate the elements of music.

Visual Arts: Investigate the elements of visual arts.

Describe or respond to their own creative work or thecreative work of others.

Dance: Participate in dance activities.

Drama: Participate in drama activities.

Music: Participate in music activities.

Visual Arts: Participate in the visual arts.

25

25

25

26

26

26

27

27

27

27

28

28

28

28

28

29

29

29

29

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Use creative arts as an avenue for self-expression.

Foreign LanguageMaintain the native language for use in a variety of purposes.

Use and maintain the native language in order to build upon and develop transferable language and literacy skills.

Social/Emotional DevelopmentDescribe self by using several basic characteristics.

Exhibit eagerness and curiosity as a learner.

Exhibit persistence and creativity in seeking solutionsto problems.

Show some initiative and independence in actions.

Use appropriate communication skills when expressingneeds, wants and feelings.

Begin to understand and follow rules.

Manage transitions and begin to adapt to change in routines.

Show empathy and caring for others.

Use the classroom environment purposefully and respectfully.

Engage in cooperative group play.

Begin to share materials and experiences and take turns.

Respect the rights of self and others.

Develop relationships with children and adults.

29

30

30

31

31

31

31

31

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

B E N C H M A R K I N D E X . . .

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