Indoor positioning and navigation with camera phones

이시혁

theshy@sclab.yonsei.ac.kr

A. Mulloni et al., Graz Univ. of Tech., IEEE Pervasive Computing, pp. 22-31, 2009.

S FT COMPUTING @ YONSEI UNIV . KOREA16

Contents• Introduction

• Conference Guide Application

• Comparison of localization techniques

• Experiment

• Result

• Experiences from real-world deployment

• Usefulness

• Conclusion

S FT COMPUTING @ YONSEI UNIV . KOREA16

Introduction

• GPS-based navigation systems– Only outdoors– Required satellite links– Indoor : blocked or unreliable

• Real-time marker-based tracking of position system– GPS-like real-time localization– Location awareness

• Testing real-world conditions

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Conference Guide Application

• Location-based conference guide– Sparse tracking– Markers to a manageable size

• Signpost– Combines a conference calendar and navigation system– Calendar : day or conference session, or using full-text– Live RSS updates– Can plan their fastest route(from the current location)

• System– Studierstube ES framework– Windows mobile phone– Impact the Battery life

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• 3D overview– For large event– Multiple maps

• Step for deploying the system to new location– Create a map and database of marker locations– Deploy markers on site– Create a new software release

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Conference Guide Application

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Comparison of localization techniques

• No localization and continuous localization– A digital map with no localization– Continuous real-time localization(GPS-based navigation systems)

• Experiment– Environment

• 20 users (half male and half female)• diverse cultural backgrounds• varying expertise in technology• between 20 and 34 years old(average 25)

– 3-Condition• no-localization• discrete localization• continuous-localization

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Experiment

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• No-localization condition– a digital map viewer– finger touch screen– access each floor’s maps using keypad shortcuts on the phone– start and destination points(all condition)

• Discrete localization condition– marker-based solution– each marker’s position as a red dot– updated the user’s detected position and orientation

• Continuous-localization condition– not available GPS(indoor)– used “Wizard of OZ”

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Result

• Rank the three conditions– (1) easy to use– (2) easy to learn– (3) requires little attention– (4) make me confident I know where I am

(a) Average ranking of the three localization systems (b) Statistical significance of pair-wise differences

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Experiences from real-world deployment

• Signpost at four international conferences– MEDC 2007– Microsoft Tech Ed 2007– TechReady6– TechReady7

• MEDC 2007 – 34 anonymous questionnaires– 1(strongly disagree) ~ 7(strongly agree)

• TechReady7– 64 users questionnaires– 1(useless) ~ 5(useful)

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Usefulness

• 3D overview map– Not very helpful– Eye-candy

• Small screen

• Navigation

• Tracking accuracy

• Fiduciary markers

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Conclusion

• Signpost– The first indoor navigation system– Deployed at several large-scale venues successfully– Now commercial product

• Future works– Compare this guidance system with paper maps– integrating online marketing campaign material

• Goal– Conference guide– Generic system for indoor navigation.

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Marker based local awareness system

• Map– Without GPS sensor– Available feature phone

• Recommendation– Marker-based LBS– User’s interesting– Shopping mall – Department store

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