Industrialization

Agenda

1. Bell Ringer: How does Industrialism lead to more powerful countries?2. Lecture: Industrialism and Major Philosophers (15)3. Impacts of Child Labor and Industrialism. (10)4. Primary Document, Marxism (15)5. Video Clip, America: the Story of Us 6. Primary Newspaper Articles, Industrialization (15)

Early Industrialization in England• Industrial Revolution- increased

output of machine goods in the 18th century (1700s)

• Natural Resources– Coal, Water, Iron

• Political Stability– Parliament passed laws to

protect businesses, aid in expansion.

• Economic Strength– Businessmen invested in new

ventures– Banking system, loans given

to start businesses• Land, Labor, and Wealth are all

factors of production

Examples of Industrial-era inventions

• Steam Engine- James Watt

• Spinning Jenny- Hargreaves

• Water Frame• Cotton Gin- Whitney• Steam Boat- Fulton

Life in the Factories• Not enough housing in the cities.

– Whole families stayed in one room.

• Average life expectancy– 17 in the city, 38 in rural

areas. • Average work day- 14 hours, six

days a week.• Most dangerous conditions were

coal mines.– Collapses, accidents common,

coal dust took an average of 10 years off of someone’s life

Philosophers of Industrialization• Class Systems emerge from

Industrialization.– New Middle Class formed

by factory owners.• Adam Smith- “Wealth of

Nations”• Karl Marx- “Communist

Manifesto”– Human societies have

always been divided into warring classes.

– Bourgeoisie- Middle class employers.

– Proletariat- Lower class workers.

Reform Movements

• Factory Act- You cannot hire someone under 9 years old.

• New class of industrialists wanted cheap labor, not slave labor.

• Free public education for all children proposed in the 1850s.

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