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Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills Dr. R. J. Pasco Coordinator, Library Science Education, University of Nebraska Omaha January 28, 2008

Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

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Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills. Dr. R. J. Pasco Coordinator, Library Science Education, University of Nebraska Omaha January 28, 2008. 21 st Century Skills Framework http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=120. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Dr. R. J. Pasco

Coordinator, Library Science Education, University of Nebraska Omaha

January 28, 2008

Page 2: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

21st Century Skills Frameworkhttp://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=254&Itemid=120

Page 3: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Who is the Partnership?

Page 4: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Why 21st Century Skills?

New Contexts

New Job Skills

Global Citizenship

Page 5: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

21ST CENTURY STUDENT OUTCOMES:

1. Core Subjects and 21st Century Themes

2. Learning and Innovation Skills • Creativity and Innovation Skills• Critical Thinking and Problem

Solving Skills• Communication and Collaboration

Skills

Page 6: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

21st Century Student Outcomes (continued)

3. Information, Media and Technology Skills• Information Literacy•Media Literacy• ICT Literacy

Page 7: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

21st Century Student outcomes (continued)

4. Life and Career Skills

• Flexibility & Adaptability

• Initiative & Self-Direction

• Social & Cross-Cultural Skills

• Productivity & Accountability

• Leadership & Responsibility

Page 8: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Most people get angry when they read…

York Area Regional Police have arrested two students they say stole two vehicles and

$20,000 in equipment and supplies during a burglary at the York County School of

Technology on Christmas Eve.

Ederle, K. (January 7, 2004). Students arrested in burglary.

York Daily Record.

Page 9: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Are we all as angry when we read this?

. . . 47 of the 424 students in a BUEC 333 class have been accused of plagiarism at

Simon Fraser UniversityRamin, B. (Jamuary 14, 2002). Plagiarism in our halls?

The Peak, 2(110).

Page 10: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Theft is

Theft!

Page 11: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Free Papers!

Other People's Papers

Free Termpapers International

Dorian's Paper Archive

Evil House of Cheat

Research Papers Online A+

A1 Termpaper

Genius Papers

Page 12: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Is your Academic IntegrityPolicy up to date?

UNOhttp://studentaffairs.unomaha.edu/ai-undergrad.php

John F. Kennedy High School

Granada Hills, Californiahttp://www.jfkcougars.org/academic_integrity_policy.jsp

Page 13: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

ESU3 Schools Academic Integrity Policies

Omaha Public Schools http://www.ops.org/MIDDLE/BUFFE

TT/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=3EZ2T9sY4tM%3D&tabid=231

Omaha North High Schoolhttp://webmail.ops.org/~susan.loder/expectations

Page 14: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

We nearly always get

what we ask for!

Page 15: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

“Hunt and Gather” research projects

Students gather basic facts and information about a country or an animal

Little thinking is required - information gathering at its most basic level.

Page 16: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

“Other People’s Ideas”(Jamie McKenzie)

This is just a different type of “hunting and gathering”

End products are susceptible to plagiarism when students gather other people's ideas without crediting the creator.

Page 17: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Analysis and Synthesis “These points could be used to...” or

“this would impact ___ because…” (Mackenzie)

If students cannot FIND the answers, but must MAKE the answers, they are less able to

plagiarize.

Page 18: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

How can I prevent Student Plagiarism?

Increase your students’

Information Literacy!

Page 19: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Information Literacy

Information literacy is a set of abilities requiring individuals to "recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the

needed information”. AASL. (1998). Information Literacy Standards for Student Learning.

Chicago: ALA.

Page 20: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

AASL Standards for the 21st-Century Learnerhttp://www.ala.org/ala/aasl/aaslproftools/learningstandards/standards.cfm

Page 21: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

The Standards

1. inquire, think critically, and gain knowledge;

2. draw conclusions, make informed decisions, apply knowledge to new situations, and create new knowledge;

Page 22: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Standards (continued)

3. share knowledge and participate ethically and productively as members of our democratic society;

4. pursue personal and aesthetic growth.

Page 23: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Design

Information-rich assignments!

Page 24: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

An information rich assignment requires students to:

ProspectInterpretCreate good new ideas

McKenzie, J. (2000). Winning with information literacy. Retrieved January 3, 2008 from http://fno.org/sum00/winning.html.

Page 25: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

An information rich assignment:

Is more than a laundry list of resources

Requires teachers to be part of the entire writing process

Page 26: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

If students cannot FIND the answers, If students cannot FIND the answers, but must read and think critically to but must read and think critically to

MAKE the answers, they are more likely MAKE the answers, they are more likely to write carefully and are less to write carefully and are less

able to engage in acts of able to engage in acts of academic dishonesty.academic dishonesty.

Page 27: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Information Rich Assignment(Non-Example)

Research a company in which you might consider employment, including size,

structure, earnings, philosophy, history and competition.

Page 28: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Discourage Trivial Pursuits - Encourage critical thinking

Design research projects which demand that students move past “Hunt and Gather” to “Analysis”, “Synthesis” and “Evaluation”.

Require students to engage and apply ideas,

not just describe them.

Page 29: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Ask “Essential Questions” (Mackenzie)

Essential questions demand that students relate the information to

something in their own life.

Page 30: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Citation, Citation, Citation

Model, Model, Model

Forms, Forms, Forms

Reward, Reward, Reward

Page 31: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Assess products and activities throughout the

research process

Do NOT wait until the end of the process/project to let students know

how they are doing.

Page 32: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Be involved in the Writing Process!

Require topic proposals, idea outlines, multiple drafts, interim working bibliographies and

photocopies of sources.

Wilhoit, S. (1994). Helping students avoid plagiarism. College Teaching, 42, 161-164.

Page 33: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

This is not new!

What the Nebraska Department of Education asks of you…

Page 34: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

NE LEARNS Standards - Science

“In the Nebraska K-12 Science Standards these knowledge levels include the ability to: 

     •    Recall or recognize important information, key definitions, terminology, and facts.

     •  Explain the information in one’s own words, comprehend how the information is related to other key facts, and suggest additional

interpretations of its meaning or importance.

Page 35: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

NE Science Standards (continued)

     •   Arrange and combine important information, facts, and principles to produce a new idea, plan, procedure, or product.

     •  Make judgments about information in terms of accuracy, precision, consistency, or effectiveness.

Page 36: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

What we lose if we don’t address the unethical use of information

Often lost in the discussion of plagiarism is the interest of the students who don't cheat. They do legitimate research and write their own papers. They work harder (and learn more) than the plagiarists, yet their grades may suffer when their papers are judged and graded against papers that are

superior but stolen material. When teachers turn a blind eye to plagiarism, it undermines that right and denigrates grades, degrees,

and even institutions.Hinchliffe, L. (1998,). Cut-and-Paste plagiarism: Preventing, detecting and tracking online plagiarism. Retrieved

January 22, 2008 from http://alexia.lis.uiuc.edu/~janicke/plagiary

Page 37: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

We are not educating students so they will do well in school.

We are educating students so they do well in life.

Support information ethics through information literacy ! (Eisner)

Page 38: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

It’s a Marathon -

Not a

Sprint!

Page 39: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

An information literate physician who writes

well could…

Page 40: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

An information literate auto mechanic who writes well could…

Page 41: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

An information literate teacher who writes well

could…

Page 42: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Bibliography

AASL. (1998). Information Literacy Standards for Student Learning. Chicago: ALA.

Hinchliffe, L. (1998). Cut-and-Paste Plagiarism: Preventing, Detecting and Tracking Online Plagiarism. Retrieved April 14, 2002 from http://alexia.lis.uiuc.edu/~janicke/plagiary

McKenzie, J. (1998, May). The New Plagiarism: Seven Antidotes to Prevent Highway Robbery in an Electronic Age . From Now On: The Educational Technology Journal. Retrieved May 2, 2002, from http://www.fno.org/may98/cov98may.html

Wilhoit, S. (1994). Helping Students Avoid Plagiarism. College Teaching, 42, 161-164.

Page 43: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

References (continued)

American Association of School Librarians. (2007). 21st Century Learning Standards. Retrieved January 21, 2008 from

http://www.ala.org/ala/aasl/aaslproftools/learningstandards/standards.cfm Eisner, E. (1985). Beyond creating: The place for art in America's schools. Partnership for21st Century Skills. (2007). Framework for 21st century learning.

Retrieved January 21, 2008 from http://www.21stcenturyskills.org/index.php?Itemid=120&id=254&option=com_content&task=view

Rice, D., & Kozak, M. (2007, August 1). 21st Century skills for our classrooms.Retrieved January 21, 2007 from

http://64.233.167.104/search?q=cache:7G0W9I4f0k0J:www.nde.state.ne.us/ADMINDAYS07/16_21stCentSklsAD07.ppt+nebraska+21st+century+skills&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=2&gl=us

Page 44: Information Ethics, Information Literacy, and 21st Century Skills

Questions and Comments

Thank you!