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Integumentary System. Epidermis. Outer layer of skin Stratified squamous Has no blood supply Cells go through process of keratinization Regular skin has four strata Thick skin has five strata. Stratum basale. Next to basement membrane and blood supply Active mitosis Contain melanocytes. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Integumentary System
Epidermis Outer layer of skin Stratified squamous Has no blood supply Cells go through process
of keratinization Regular skin has four
strata Thick skin has five strata
Stratum basale Next to basement
membrane and blood supply
Active mitosis Contain melanocytes
Stratum spinosum Consists of several
layers Spiny projections
extend down to connect layers together
Stratum germinativum Composed of two layers:
Stratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum 2-3 layers of
flattened cells Keratinization
begins here
Stratum Lucidum
Translucent 2-3 layers Only found in thick skin
Stratum corneum Outermost layer ¾ of thickness 20-30 layers Cells are completely
keratinized 5 week life cycle
Dermis
Dermis Stratum corium Made of dense connective tissue Papillary layer Reticular layer
Subcutaneous layer Anchors skin Loose connective and
adipose tissues Also called hypodermis
or superficial fascia
Skin Color
Functions Protection Sensory reception Regulation of body temperature Synthesis of vitamin D
Epidermal Derivatives Hair and hair follicles
Nails
Glands
Hair and hair follicles Composed of dead,
keratinized cells Produced from stratum
basale Color determined by
melanin production Texture determined by
shape of hair shaft
Nails Layers of dead stratum
corneum Stratum basale forms
nail bed
Glands Three types:
Sebaceous
Sudoriferous
Ceruminous
Sebaceous glands Found everywhere there is hair Holocrine glands Secrete sebum Keeps skin and hair pliable Inhibits bacterial growth and helps prevent
water loss Activated by increased sex hormones
Sudoriferous glands Sweat glands Located everywhere except the lips, nipples,
and parts of the external genitalia Merocrine and apocrine glands
Ceruminous glands Modified sweat glands in the ear canal Secrete cerumen
ABCD Rule for Moles
Burns First degree Second degree Third degree Rule of nines
First degree burn
Second degree burn
Third degree burn