Interaction living thingCooperation , competitionCooperation fair situasionEverybody get present

Competition have winnercompete food, space and waterTerritory also shelterWill eliminate for loser

Limited food and water Get “sweety” for mate Defend for territoryEvent shelter ( rhythm : Polly put the kettle on )

Vocabulary1. Interaction = interaksi2.Competition = persaingan 3.Limited resource = sumber terhad4.Territory = wilayah5.Breeding = pembiakan 6.Mate = pasangan 7.Defend = mempertahankan 8.Space= ruang9.Shelter = tempat perlindungan

Plant are eaten by herbivore and carnivore

The smaller herbivore become a prey or food for carnivore

The herbivore and carnivore become food for omnivore

The interdependence among living thing is known interaction

Cooperation

1. Animals cooperate with one another in order to survive.

2. They form partnership with other animals3. They help each other for food, transport

shelter and protection4. Example : i. Sea anemone and crab

ii. Mynas and the buffaloesiii. The baboon and the antelopesiv. The remora(fish) and the shark

Competition

1. On other hand , if the party gets the benefit and the other party “ suffer”such interaction is called competition

2. This is happen when the animals involve in a tussle of getting the same resources

3. The animals compete because they aquire the resources, which are limited

occur

Among animals and plant live in the same habitat.

2 or more living things have the same need that are limited.

Among animals of the same species

Between different species of animals.

Food Water Mate Shelter territory

Food and water are basic need of animals.

Can occur when the food and water resources are limited

The more limited the food and water resources are, the more intense the competition will be.

If the food and water resources abundant . Animals do not need to compete for them

Occur among the same species Occurs when two male animals

fight for a mate Animals need mate to ensure

the survival of species During mating season , animals

trying to mate

Animals need shelter to live. Occur when animal looking for shelter

or defending their own shelter. Animals need to be in control of a

certain territory that provides them with food, water and shelter

Occur when an animal or a group of animals are looking for a new territory or defending their own territory.

The winner will gain control of the food, water, resources, shelter, and territory and also get mate.

The weaker animal or the loser will eliminated from the habitat or died.

Compete for sunlight, water, nutrient and space

If more plant grow in an area, the competition in that area gets more intense

Plant are rooted to the ground . Since all green plants are producer,

they do not compete for food. They still need sunlight, water , carbon

dioxide, nutrient and space to make food

Plant get water and nutrient from soil The nutrient are absorbed by the root

and used for plant growth. Nutrient are needed by plants for

healthy growth and development.

When these resource are limited , plant have to compete among themselves.

Competition involve plant same species called intraspecies

Competition involve plant different species called interspecies

Effect of competition Observation Inferences

Died early or growth does not occur

Not enough nutrient

Stunted growth Not enough nutrient and water

Wrinkle leaves, leaves became thick, curled and brittle,Pale green leaves, red or purple spot on leaves, Yellow edge leavesLeaves distorted and form cupAbnormal growthPoor root growthThin and small stemsThe tips of the young shoot dieWeak stemsProducing less yield

Not enough nutrient

Observation Inference

The plant wilt and loss its turgidity

Not enough water

The plant grow taller but with thin stem

Not enough sunlight

The intraspecies competition more intense than interspecies

Example :The plant have fewer growth

Example :The corn plants grow faster and bigger than paddy plants .

Because the resources need by the plant of similar species are exactly the same.

Example :Corn plant need the same amount of nitrates . When corn plant compete among themselves , they use exactly the same resource.

Example:If the corn plant complete with paddy plants.Because corn plant have longer and more extensive root system ,enabling to absorb more nutrient and water.

Effect of competition

VANISHED AND ENDANGERED

HSP 1.3Understanding the

responsibility of human beings in

protecting Endangered species

Give examples of extinct animals

Give examples of endangered

animals

Give examples of endangered

plants

Explain why certain Animals or plants

are facing the threat of extinction.

Suggest ways to prevent animals and

plants from extinction.

IMPORTANT ANIMAL FOR

HUMAN

medicinefood

ClothesAccessories

IMPORTANT OF PLANTS

FOR HUMAN

medicineFood

Accessoriesfurniture

The phenomenon when the certain animal species become rare to find and cease to exist is called extinction

Extinction means then permanent disappearance of a living species.

1. Before plant species becomes extinct, their numbers will decline.

2. If the numbers continue to decrease, the species become rare, that called endangered.

3. Endangered species means those which are facing the threat of extinction .

4. To prevent extinction, these endangered species must be protected and preserved

The phenomenon when the certain plant species become rare to find and cease to exist is called extinction

Extinction means then permanent disappearance of a living species.

Factors of plant and animal facing extinction

Deforestation – process of cutting down and removing trees for timber, open space for growing crops or animal farming

Destroyed plant and animal.

Factors of plant and animal facing extinction Environment

pollutant- by releasing toxic gases and substance such as lead , carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide.

Factors of plant and animal facing extinction Agrochemical in

agricultural- pollute the soil and water

This kill many animal.

Factors of plant and animal facing extinction Excessive and

illegal logging

Conservation areas- agricultural, development activities , collecting plant or plants part hunting, killing of animal are not allowed.

Forest reserve National park State park Wildlife sanctuaries Marine park

Keeping and breeding them in captivity because the eggs are collected to be sold and eaten.

Zoo Bota Kanan River

Terrapin conservation

Enforcement Law to protect wildlife

Protection of wildlife Act( Peninsular Malaysia)

Fauna Conservation Ordinance (Sabah)

Wildlife Protection Ordinance(Sarawak)

Educating the public and enhancing awareness

Poster Wildlife Day Campaigns School curriculum NGO- Malaysia

Nature Society

1. Illegal and excessive logging.

2. Excessive Clearing of forests to build roads, highway, industrial parks and housing estates.

3. Improper management of mining activities.

3. Improper management of mining activities.

4. Illegal and excessive hunting.

5. Improper management of waste from factories.

6. Improper management of waste from households.

7. Excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides in agriculture.

8. Heavy usage of motor vehicles.