International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries · International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries Page 6 of 24 Nitrogen oxides Key

Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators

International comparison: air

pollutant emissions in selected countries

International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries Page 2 of 24

Suggested citation for this document: Environment and Climate Change Canada (2018) Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators: International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries. Consulted on Month day, year. Available at: www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators/international-comparison-air-pollutant-emissions.html.

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Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators Page 3 of 24

Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators

International comparison: air pollutant emissions in

selected countries

November 2018

Table of Contents

Sulphur oxides ...................................................................................................................................... 5

Key results ................................................................................................................................ 5

Nitrogen oxides ............................................................................................................................. 6

Key results ................................................................................................................................ 6

Carbon monoxide .......................................................................................................................... 7

Key results ................................................................................................................................ 7

Volatile organic compounds ........................................................................................................... 8

Key results ................................................................................................................................ 8

Fine particulate matter ................................................................................................................... 9

Key results ................................................................................................................................ 9

About the indicators ..................................................................................................................... 10

What the indicators measure ................................................................................................... 10

Why these indicators are important .......................................................................................... 10

Related indicators .................................................................................................................... 10

Data sources and methods .......................................................................................................... 11

Data sources ........................................................................................................................... 11

Methods .................................................................................................................................. 11

Caveats and limitations............................................................................................................ 12

Resources ................................................................................................................................... 13

References .............................................................................................................................. 13

Related information ................................................................................................................. 13

Annex ................................................................................................................................................... 14

Annex A. Data tables for the figures presented in this document .................................................. 14


List of Figures

Figure 1. Sulphur oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ........ 5

Figure 2. Nitrogen oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ........ 6

Figure 3. Carbon monoxide emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ........ 7

Figure 4. Volatile organic compound emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ............................................................................................................................................. 8

Figure 5. Fine particulate matter emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ........ 9

List of Tables

Table A.1A. Data for Figure 1. Sulphur oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 .................................................................................................................................... 14

Table A.1B. Sulphur oxides emissions and emissions intensity of other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ............................... 14

Table A.2A. Data for Figure 2. Nitrogen oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 .................................................................................................................................... 16

Table A.2B. Nitrogen oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ......................... 16

Table A.3A. Data for Figure 3. Carbon monoxide emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 .................................................................................................................................... 18

Table A.3B. Carbon monoxide emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ......................... 18

Table A.4A. Data for Figure 4. Volatile organic compound emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ..................................................................................................... 20

Table A.4B. Volatile organic compound emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ...... 20

Table A.5A. Data for Figure 5. Fine particulate matter emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ........................................................................................................................... 22

Table A.5B. Fine particulate matter emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016 ...... 22


International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries

Air pollution problems, such as smog and acid rain, result from the release of pollutants into the atmosphere. These indicators compare Canada's emissions of 5 key air pollutants with those of top emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

Sulphur oxides

Key results

In 2016, Canada:

saw a decrease of 46% in sulphur oxides (SOX) emissions from 2006 levels

ranked fourth highest in SOX emissions among OECD member countries

had the fourth highest ratio of SOX emissions to gross domestic product

Figure 1. Sulphur oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Data for Figure 1

Note: Definitions of pollution sources and estimation methods may differ from country to country. Comparisons should be made with caution. Gross domestic product values are in millions of constant United States dollars, constant purchasing power parity, for the base year 2010. The use of purchasing power parity facilitates international comparison of gross domestic product by creating an equivalent purchasing power basis for each country compared. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018) OECD.Stat.

Although Canada's SOX emissions declined by 913 kilotonnes from 2006 to 2016, Canada ranked as one of the highest emitters among OECD member countries, behind the United States, Australia and Turkey. Of the top ten emitters, the United States experienced the largest decrease by 78% or 9 233 kilotonnes.

While most of the top 10 emitting member countries experienced declines in emissions between 2006 and 2016, Turkey's emissions increased by 4% or 91 kilotonnes.

In terms of the ratio of SOX emissions to gross domestic product, all top 10 emitting member countries reported declines ranging between 23% and 81% from 2006 to 2016.

http://stats.oecd.org/?lang=en&SubSessionId=51e5f211-ff4b-4a3f-be79-26313aab14f0&themetreeid=-200


Nitrogen oxides

Key results

In 2016, Canada:

saw a decrease of 23% in nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions from 2006 levels

ranked third highest in NOX emissions among OECD member countries

had the second highest ratio of NOX emissions to gross domestic product

Figure 2. Nitrogen oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Data for Figure 2


In 2016, Canada ranked as one of the highest emitters among OECD member countries, behind the United States and Australia, despite a reduction of 519 kilotonnes in NOX emissions between 2006 and 2016. Of the top 10 emitting members, the United States experienced the largest reduction over that period (42%, or 7 205 kilotonnes). In 2016, emissions in Australia were 27% higher than in 2006.

Emissions intensity, the ratio of NOX emissions to gross domestic product, was lower in 2016 than it was in 2006 for all top 10 emitting member countries. The reductions in intensity were between 3% and 52%.



Carbon monoxide

Key results

In 2016, Canada:

saw a decrease of 24% in carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from 2006 levels

ranked second highest in CO emissions among OECD member countries

had the second highest ratio of CO emissions to gross domestic product

Figure 3. Carbon monoxide emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Data for Figure 3


In 2016, the United States was the highest CO emitting country, followed by Canada. The top 10 emitting member countries of the OECD experienced declines in emissions between 15% and 46% in 2016 from 2006 levels.

Declines were also observed in the ratio of CO emissions to gross domestic product between 2006 and 2016; they ranged from 24% to 61% for the top 10 emitting countries.



Volatile organic compounds

Key results

In 2016, Canada:

saw a decrease of 20% in volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions from 2006 levels

ranked second highest in VOC emissions among OECD member countries

had the third highest ratio of VOC emissions to gross domestic product

Figure 4. Volatile organic compound emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Data for Figure 4


Although Canada's VOC emissions declined by 467 kilotonnes between 2006 and 2016, Canada ranked as one of the highest emitters among the member countries of the OECD, behind the United States. Most of the top 10 emitting member countries experienced declines in emissions between 2006 and 2016, with the exception of Australia and Turkey whose emissions increased respectively by 5% and 6%.

The reductions in emissions intensity range from 19% to 60% between 2006 and 2016 for the top 10 emitting member countries.



Fine particulate matter

Key results

In 2016, Canada:

saw an increase of 7% in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions from 2006 levels

ranked second highest in PM2.5 emissions among OECD member countries

had the highest ratio of PM2.5 emissions to gross domestic product

Figure 5. Fine particulate matter emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Data for Figure 5

Note: Definitions of pollution sources and estimation methods may differ from country to country. Canada and the United States include open sources such as dust from roads, prescribed forest burning and agriculture in their PM2.5 emissions. These sources are not always reported by other OCDE member countries. Comparisons should be made with caution. Gross domestic product values are in millions of constant United States dollars, constant purchasing power parity, for the base year 2010. The use of purchasing power parity facilitates international comparison of gross domestic product by creating an equivalent purchasing power basis for each country compared. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018) OECD.Stat.

Canada and Turkey experienced an increase in PM2.5 emissions in 2016 from 2006 levels, by 112 and 28 kilotonnes respectively. Despite these increases in emissions, most of the top 10 member countries experienced declines in their emissions intensity, which varied between 9% and 64%, from 2006 to 2016.

Canada and the United States include open sources1 such as dust from roads, prescribed forest burning and agriculture in their PM2.5 emissions. These sources are not always reported by other OCDE member countries.

1 In 2016, national emissions from agriculture, dust and fires accounted for 1 318 kilotonnes (82%) of Canada's total of PM2.5.



About the indicators

What the indicators measure

These indicators present total emissions and emissions intensity for member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The emissions of 5 pollutants are reported: sulphur oxides (SOX), nitrogen oxides (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The indicators focus on the top 10 emitting member countries of the OECD.

Why these indicators are important

These indicators help to inform Canadians about how Canada's emissions compare to those of other countries. The indicators report on key air pollutants that contribute to smog and acid rain and help the government to identify priorities, track progress, and develop strategies and policies for reducing or controlling air pollution.

Exposure to air pollutants on a daily basis can cause adverse health and environmental effects. Fine particulate matter is a key component of smog along with ground-level ozone (O3) and has been associated with pulmonary and cardiovascular health issues. While causing effects of their own, NOX (such as nitrogen dioxide [NO2]) and VOC are the main contributors to the formation of O3. Nitrogen oxides, SOX (such as sulphur dioxide [SO2]), and VOC also lead to the formation of PM2.5 in the air. This is in addition to the PM2.5 that is emitted directly from sources such as road dust and prescribed forest burning. Sulphur oxides and NOX can also lead to the formation of acid deposition that can harm the environment, materials, living organisms and humans.

Consult Air pollution: drivers and impacts for more information on the human health, environmental and economic impacts of air pollution.

Related indicators

The Air pollutant emissions indicators track emissions from human-related sources of sulphur oxides (SOX), nitrogen oxides (NOX), volatile organic compounds (VOC), ammonia (NH3), carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5).

The Air quality indicators track ambient concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), Ground-level ozone (O3), sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) at the national, regional and urban level and at local monitoring-stations.

The International comparison of urban air quality indicators present and compare the air quality in selected Canadian urban areas with a population greater than one million to the air quality in selected international urban areas having comparable data.

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators/air-pollution-drivers-impacts.html

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators/air-pollutant-emissions.html

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators/air-quality.html

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators/international-comparison-urban-air-quality.html


Data sources and methods

Data sources

Air pollutant emissions data for the indicators come from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD.Stat database, specifically the Air emissions by source table under the Environment (Air and Climate) grouping.

The gross domestic product data were obtained from the Main aggregate tables of the National accounts (Annual national accounts) in the same database.

More information

The OECD.Stat database had emissions data up to the end of 2016 at the time of this update, reflecting delays in the collection and aggregation of international data. Data are collected for each member country from the following sources:

the Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections database (as of June 2018) of the Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution

the National Inventory Submissions 2018 (as of June 2018) of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

the replies to the 2017 OECD Questionnaire on the State of the Environment and comments from member countries received before the end of August 2018

national data from specific countries

The OECD.Stat database indicates the source used to report emissions for each country, pollutant and year.

Methods

Two (2) years of data are used to compare the emissions from 36 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): 2016, which is the latest year with available information, and 2006, 10 years prior.

For each air pollutant, 2006 and 2016 emissions are compiled and ranked in relation to total emissions in 2016. While the focus is on the top 10 emitting OECD member countries, emissions for all 36 member countries are provided.

The emission intensity indicators are calculated by dividing a country's emissions by its gross domestic product value for that year.

More information

Air pollutant emissions indicators

Emissions for each member country are estimated or measured using one or several of the following methods:

continuous emission monitoring systems

predictive emission monitoring

source testing

mass balance

site-specific emission factors

published emission factors

engineering estimates

special studies


http://www.ceip.at/status-of-reporting

https://unfccc.int/process/transparency-and-reporting/reporting-and-review-under-the-convention/greenhouse-gas-inventories-annex-i-parties/national-inventory-submissions-2018


Generally, each country compiles and estimates its air pollutant emissions using a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches. Top-down approaches involve the multiplication of sector activity levels by emissions factors. Bottom-up approaches are based on facility emissions reporting.

Canada's data are derived from the annual Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution submission to the Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections database. The submitted air pollutant emission data are based on Canada's Air Pollutant Emission Inventory. This includes information reported by facilities to the National Pollutant Release Inventory as well as emission estimates compiled for non-reporting facilities, non-reporting sources such as motor vehicles or non-reported pollutants (in-house emissions estimates).

Air pollution emissions per unit of gross domestic product

The emissions intensity indicators are expressed in tonnes of pollutants emitted per million United States dollars using constant gross domestic product at purchasing power parity for the base year 2010. Purchasing power parity is a weighted average of the relative prices, quoted in national currency, of comparable items between countries. Their use facilitates international comparison of gross domestic product by creating an equivalent purchasing power basis for each country compared.

Countries included in the comparison

The indicators include all member countries of the OECD as of September 2018. The data presented in the indicator reflect data completeness in the OECD.Stat database at the time of reporting.

Caveats and limitations

Air pollutant emission inventories from different countries are being estimated with the best data, measurements and methodologies available. While national emission inventories follow a common reporting structure, emissions estimation methodologies and coverage among countries may differ. Users should be cautious when comparing the data.

The indicators generally exclude non-anthropogenic (natural sources) emissions and emissions from international bunker fuels (aviation and maritime transport). However, estimation methodologies used by Canada cannot permit the separation of the international components from the domestic values. As a result, Canada's values include international emissions from aviation and marine sources.

Emissions from open sources such as dust from roads, prescribed forest fires and agriculture are also included in Canada's values. These sources are not always reported by other countries.

Emissions reported for Canada in this indicator may be slightly different from the emissions reported in the Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators' Air pollutant emissions. Those indicators are based on data from Canada's Air Pollutant Emission Inventory.

Corrections may be made to Canada's national totals after the final submission to the database OECD.Stat, which may result in slight differences in the values reported.

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/pollutants/air-emissions-inventory-overview.html

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/pollutants/air-emissions-inventory-overview.html

https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/environmental-indicators/air-pollutant-emissions.html


Resources

References

Centre on Emission Inventories and Projections, European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (2018) Submissions 2018. Retrieved on September 19, 2018.

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. Retrieved on September 19, 2018.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018) OECD.Stat. Retrieved on September 26, 2018.

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (2018) National Inventory Submissions 2018. Retrieved on September 19, 2018.

Related information

Air pollution: Drivers and impacts

http://www.ceip.at/ms/ceip_home1/ceip_home/status_reporting/2018_submissions/

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/

http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/

http://stats.oecd.org/






Annex

Annex A. Data tables for the figures presented in this document

Table A.1A. Data for Figure 1. Sulphur oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country

2006 sulphur oxides

emissions (kilotonnes)

2006 sulphur oxides


2006 sulphur oxides

emissions intensity

(tonnes per million United States dollars

of gross domestic product)

2016 sulphur oxides

emissions intensity



United States 11 854 2 621 0.80 0.16

Australia 2 483 2 465 2.91 2.23

Turkey 2 160 2 251 1.88 1.23

Canada 1 975 1 062 1.50 0.69

Japan 967 697 0.21 0.15

Poland 1 228 581 1.82 0.61

Germany 474 356 0.15 0.10

Chile 379 345 1.38 0.91

Spain 1 085 218 0.74 0.14

United Kingdom 727 179 0.32 0.07


Table A.2B. Sulphur oxides emissions and emissions intensity of other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country

2006 sulphur oxides


2006 sulphur oxides


2006 sulphur oxides

emissions intensity



2016 sulphur oxides

emissions intensity



France 429 141 0.19 0.06

Italy 388 116 0.18 0.06

Czech Republic 207 115 0.75 0.36

Greece 558 108 1.66 0.42



Country

2006 sulphur oxides


2006 sulphur oxides


2006 sulphur oxides

emissions intensity



2016 sulphur oxides

emissions intensity



New Zealand 90 69 0.69 0.42

Iceland 42 51 3.46 3.40

Portugal 169 47 0.59 0.17

Belgium 132 42 0.32 0.09

Finland 84 40 0.40 0.19

Estonia 70 30 2.16 0.85

Netherlands 66 28 0.09 0.04

Slovak Republic 88 27 0.76 0.17

Hungary 39 23 0.17 0.10

Sweden 35 19 0.09 0.04

Norway 21 16 0.08 0.05

Lithuania 28 15 0.44 0.20

Austria 26 14 0.08 0.04

Ireland 61 14 0.30 0.05

Denmark 30 10 0.12 0.04

Switzerland 13 6 0.04 0.01

Slovenia 17 5 0.31 0.08

Latvia 8 3 0.19 0.08

Luxembourg 3 1 0.07 0.02

Israel 191 n/a 1.01 0.41

Korea 446 n/a 0.35 0.18

Mexico n/a n/a n/a n/a

Note: Definitions of pollution sources and estimation methods may differ from country to country. Comparisons should be made with caution. Gross domestic product values are in millions of constant United States dollars, constant purchasing power parity, for the base year 2010. The use of purchasing power parity facilitates international comparison of gross domestic product by creating an equivalent purchasing power basis for each country compared. n/a = not available. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018) OECD.Stat.



Table A.3A. Data for Figure 2. Nitrogen oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country

2006 nitrogen oxides





emissions intensity




emissions intensity



United States 17 358 10 153 1.17 0.60

Australia 2 326 2 944 2.73 2.66

Canada 2 280 1 761 1.73 1.14

Japan 1 860 1 262 0.41 0.27

Germany 1 568 1 217 0.50 0.34

United Kingdom 1 690 911 0.75 0.36

France 1 332 838 0.58 0.34

Spain 1 350 767 0.92 0.50

Italy 1 216 764 0.57 0.38

Poland 876 726 1.30 0.76


Table A.4B. Nitrogen oxides emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country






emissions intensity




emissions intensity



Turkey 678 699 0.59 0.38

Netherlands 381 236 0.53 0.30

Greece 406 230 1.21 0.90

Belgium 300 189 0.72 0.41

Chile 141 182 0.51 0.48


New Zealand 165 158 1.27 0.96

Portugal 254 158 0.89 0.56

Norway 202 153 0.73 0.49



Country






emissions intensity




emissions intensity



Austria 225 152 0.66 0.40

Sweden 181 131 0.48 0.29

Finland 215 129 1.03 0.61

Hungary 167 116 0.74 0.48

Denmark 204 114 0.83 0.44

Ireland 163 111 0.81 0.38



Lithuania 61 53 0.97 0.69

Slovenia 56 37 1.02 0.62

Latvia 43 35 1.01 0.78

Estonia 40 31 1.25 0.89

Iceland 29 24 2.40 1.59

Luxembourg 48 20 1.19 0.39

Israel 202 n/a 1.08 0.56

Korea 1 275 n/a 0.99 0.64





Table A.5A. Data for Figure 3. Carbon monoxide emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country

2006 carbon monoxide emissions (kilotonnes)


2006 carbon monoxide emissions intensity






United States 70 704 46 692 4.78 2.76

Canada 7 578 5 763 5.74 3.74

Germany 3 637 2 858 1.16 0.81

France 4 706 2 732 2.04 1.10

Australia 3 966 2 708 4.65 2.45

Poland 3 223 2 509 4.78 2.62

Chile 4 515 2 419 16.46 6.36

Japan 2 960 2 382 0.65 0.50

Italy 3 296 2 309 1.53 1.14

Turkey 2 350 2 000 2.04 1.09


Table A.6B. Carbon monoxide emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country









Spain 2 030 1 659 1.38 1.09

United Kingdom 2 895 1 531 1.28 0.60


New Zealand 733 725 5.62 4.40

Austria 657 564 1.93 1.50

Netherlands 725 552 1.01 0.70

Hungary 585 450 2.59 1.86

Sweden 529 430 1.40 0.96

Norway 522 382 1.89 1.22



Country









Greece 795 375 2.36 1.47

Belgium 700 366 1.68 0.79

Finland 459 340 2.21 1.60

Portugal 479 318 1.68 1.13

Denmark 403 243 1.64 0.94


Switzerland 282 161 0.73 0.35

Lithuania 191 145 3.02 1.89

Estonia 142 140 4.37 3.98

Iceland 60 122 4.88 8.06

Latvia 224 118 5.31 2.63

Slovenia 140 110 2.54 1.84

Ireland 199 101 0.99 0.34

Luxembourg 35 22 0.87 0.42

Israel 238 n/a 1.27 0.47

Korea 830 n/a 0.64 0.31





Table A.7A. Data for Figure 4. Volatile organic compound emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country

2006 volatile organic

compound emissions (kilotonnes)




compound emissions intensity







United States 14 546 12 694 0.98 0.75

Canada 2 282 1 815 1.73 1.18

Australia 1 251 1 312 1.47 1.19

Chile 2 295 1 271 8.37 3.34

Turkey 1 012 1 070 0.88 0.58

Germany 1 335 1 052 0.43 0.30

Italy 1 300 904 0.60 0.44

Japan 1 287 863 0.28 0.18

United Kingdom 1 138 824 0.50 0.32

Poland 647 609 0.96 0.64


Table A.8B. Volatile organic compound emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country













France 1 046 608 0.45 0.25

Spain 777 594 0.53 0.39


New Zealand 179 185 1.37 1.12

Sweden 208 159 0.55 0.36

Norway 201 153 0.72 0.49

Portugal 187 153 0.66 0.55



Country













Greece 227 147 0.67 0.57

Hungary 156 141 0.69 0.58

Netherlands 182 140 0.25 0.18

Austria 154 137 0.45 0.37

Belgium 170 114 0.41 0.25

Ireland 120 108 0.60 0.37

Finland 152 104 0.73 0.49

Denmark 141 103 0.58 0.40



Lithuania 67 52 1.06 0.68

Latvia 51 40 1.20 0.89

Slovenia 43 31 0.79 0.51

Estonia 32 22 0.99 0.64

Luxembourg 14 13 0.33 0.25

Iceland 8 7 0.69 0.49

Israel 238 n/a 1.27 1.03

Korea 768 n/a 0.59 0.51





Table A.9A. Data for Figure 5. Fine particulate matter emissions and emissions intensity of the top 10 emitting member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country

2006 fine particulate

matter emissions (kilotonnes)




matter emissions intensity







United States 4 594 4 058 0.31 0.24

Canada 1 494 1 605 1.13 1.04

Turkey 357 385 0.31 0.21

France 235 170 0.10 0.07

Italy 178 162 0.08 0.08

Poland 172 146 0.26 0.15

Spain 154 128 0.11 0.08

Chile 351 128 1.28 0.34

United Kingdom 127 109 0.06 0.04

Germany 131 101 0.04 0.03

Note: Definitions of pollution sources and estimation methods may differ from country to country. Canada and the United States include open sources such as dust from roads, prescribed forest burning and agriculture in their PM2.5 emissions. These sources are not always reported by other OCDE member countries. Comparisons should be made with caution. Gross domestic product values are in millions of constant United States dollars, constant purchasing power parity, for the base year 2010. The use of purchasing power parity facilitates international comparison of gross domestic product by creating an equivalent purchasing power basis for each country compared. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018) OECD.Stat.

Table A.10B. Fine particulate matter emissions and emissions intensity of the other member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006 and 2016

Country













Hungary 40 53 0.18 0.22

Portugal 58 46 0.20 0.17


Norway 37 28 0.13 0.09

Greece 50 27 0.15 0.11


Belgium 36 25 0.09 0.05



Country













Denmark 26 21 0.11 0.08

Finland 28 20 0.14 0.09

Sweden 26 18 0.07 0.04

Austria 22 17 0.07 0.05

Latvia 23 17 0.55 0.37

Ireland 23 15 0.11 0.05

Netherlands 22 12 0.03 0.02

Slovenia 11 12 0.21 0.20

Estonia 10 7 0.30 0.21


Lithuania 8 6 0.12 0.08

Luxembourg 2 2 0.06 0.03

Iceland 2 1 0.14 0.08

Australia n/a n/a n/a n/a

Israel n/a n/a n/a n/a

Korea n/a n/a n/a n/a

Japan n/a n/a n/a n/a


New Zealand n/a n/a n/a n/a

Note: Definitions of pollution sources and estimation methods may differ from country to country. Canada and the United States include open sources such as dust from roads, prescribed forest burning and agriculture in their PM2.5 emissions. These sources are not always reported by other OCDE member countries. Comparisons should be made with caution. Gross domestic product values are in millions of constant United States dollars, constant purchasing power parity, for the base year 2010. The use of purchasing power parity facilitates international comparison of gross domestic product by creating an equivalent purchasing power basis for each country compared. n/a = not available. Source: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2018) OECD.Stat.



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Documents

International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries · International comparison: air pollutant emissions in selected countries Page 6 of 24 Nitrogen oxides Key