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15th International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Conference (PVSEC-15) October 10-15 2005 PVSEC-15 Shanghai China Organized by: China Solar Energy Society Realized by: Shanghai Jiao Tong University ^yp Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers

International Photovoltaic Science and Engineering ... · 15thInternational Photovoltaic Science andEngineeringConference (PVSEC-15) October 10-15 2005 PVSEC-15 ... -HighCostTheImportanceofHigh

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15th International Photovoltaic Science

and Engineering Conference

(PVSEC-15)October 10-15 2005

PVSEC-15

Shanghai China

Organized by: China Solar Energy SocietyRealized by: Shanghai Jiao Tong University

^yp Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers

Contents

The Present Status and Development of Solar Photovoltaic Generation in China 1

Dinghuan Shi Shengwu Xie

Third Generation Photovoltaics and Feasibility of Realization 7

Martin A. Green

Progress in Amorphous and Naoncrystalline Silicon Research and Their Applications to Photovoltaics 11

Yoshihiro Hamakawa

Solar Age-Beyond Reality-Excitement 16

Isao Yukawa K. Shirasawa

Our Solar Power FutureiThe U. S. PV Industry Roadmap for 2030 and Beyond 20

Allen Barnctt and Rhone Rcsch

A PV Roadmap for Europe 26

Wolfgang PALZ

PV Roadmap Toward 2030 in Japan , 31

I. Saknta, F. Aratani, K. Ishiyama, K. Kawakami, T. Munakata, K. Uda, H. Kudo, T. Yasui, H. Mitsuyasu, Y. Takaka and K.

Koizawa

Thin Film Silicon Photovoltalc-from R&D to Commercialization, 35

Subhendu Guha, Jeffrey Yang

Mesoscopic Solar Cells 39

M. Gratzel

Produce Technology of CdTe Thin Film Modules and Design of Manufacture Line 44

Lianghuan Feng Wei Cai, Yaping Cai, Jingquan Zhang, Bing Li, Wei Li, Lili Wu, Zhi Lei, Jingui Zheng, Jianping Xi

The n-type nc-SI:H/p-type c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells with A nc-Si:H Intrinsic Buffer Layer , ,46

Meifang Zhu, Qunfang Zhang, Fengzhen Liu, Jinlong Liu

CIS Thin-Film Solar Modules: Scaling up Laboratory Processes and New Developments 49

M. Powalla. H. Dimmlcr

Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells and Deposition Technologlesl 1 53

R. E. I. Schropp, A. Ciordijn, R. H. J. Fninken, C. H. M. van der Werf. J. K. Rath

Development of Novel Nanocrystalline SIC, Sit.xGexC and Gei.yCy for Solar Cell Applications 57

Makoto Konagai, Shinsuke Miyajima and Akira Yamada

Research Status and Perspectives of Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells in China 61

X. Cieng, X. I.iao, M. Zhu, Y. Zluio

Fabrication of High Efficiency a-SI:H/pc-Si:H Tandem Solar Cell Modules 65

Zhao Ying, Zhang Xinudan, Zhu f;eng. CJuo Yantao, Wei Changchun. Xue Junming. Ren llui/hi, Zhang Dckun, Hon CiuoAi,

Sun Jiim, (icrig Xinhua

/

500W DSCs Showcase Design and Building 68

Dai Song-Yuan, Wang Kong-Jia, Weng Jian, Xiao Shang-Feng, Chen Shuang-Hong, Huang Yang, Sui Yi-Feng, Kong

Fan-Tai, Pan Xu, Hu Lin-Hua, Shi Cheng-Wu

Light Trapping and Process Scale-up for Thin-film Silicon Solar Cells 71

B. Rech, T. Repmann, J. Hiipkes, M. van den Donker, T. Kilper, M. Berginski, H. Stiebig, S. Wieder

Design Rules for Ultra High Efficiency Solar Cells 75

Allen Barnett and Christiana Honsberg

Current Enhancement of Quantum Well Solar Cells 79

Chaogang Lou Qiang Sun Jun Xu Jianbo Wang Xiaobing Zhang Wei Lei Wenjun Chen Zaixiang Qiao

Development for Full Spectrum Solar Cells 81

Yuzhi Xue

Fabrication of Szed-graded Quantum Dots for PV via Picosecond Pulsed Laser Ablation 83

R. Mu, M. Wu, Y. C. Liu, and A. Ueda

Development of Large Area, High Efficiency, Thin Film CIGS Modules 85

L. Chen, B. Sang, M. Akhtar, R. Govindarajan, S. Guo, J. Cambridge, A. Delahoy, M. Contreras

Advances in the CdTe R&D Approaches at NREL 89

X. Wu, J. Zhou, J. C. Keane, R. G. Dhere, D. S. Albin, T. A. Gessert, C, DeHart, A. Duda, Y. Yan, and R. Noufi

Transport Results on p-type Bridgman CuGaxlni-xSe2 93

T. Cheung, C. H. Champness, and I. Shih

CIGS Solar Cells and Submodules on Stainless Steel Substrates with Insulating Layer 95

Shigeo Hayashi, Takuya Satoh, Kimihiko Kitani, Hironobu Inoue

Characterization of MOCVD-Zm-xMgxO (X s= 0. 22) Thin Films for CIGS Solar Cells 97

Yoshiyuki CHIBA, Hisashi MIYAZAKI, Akira YAMADA and Makoto KONAGAI

Building-Integrated Photovoltaics: Its' Past, Present and Future Applications in Hong Kong 99

Yang Hongxing and Fung Yuyan

See-Through Thin Film Amorphous Silicon BIPV Windows 101

Zoltan J. Kiss, Xinye Xie, Darning Zhuang, Jianxun Wang, and Yuan-Min Li

A Research of New-style And Universal PV Building Materials 103

Gao Jifan, Jing Shinong

Techno Economic Feasibility of Replacing DG Set with Solar Photo Voltaic for Meeting Emergency Power

Requirements of Housing Society 105

Abhishek Khanna, Viresh Dutta

Growth of Low Resistivity Ga-doped Multicrystalline Silicon Ingots with High Carrier Lifetimes 107

M. Dhamrin, T. Saitoh, K. Kamisako, T. Hirasawa, T. Eguchi and I. Yaraaga

Numerical Simulation of Directional Solidification Processes for High-Quality Silicon Ingots 110

T. Saitoh, M. Dhamrin, K. Kamisako, T. Hirasawa, T. Eguchi and I. Yamaga

Optical Study of Silicon Nitride Prepared by r. f. -magnetron Sputtering 114

2

Liu Zhigang, Sun Tietun, Kn Shiwei, Tang Dunyi, Lin Shuquan, Luo Peiqing, Jiang Wei, Yu Huacong, Cut Rongqiang

Effect of Directional Solidification Processes on Diffusion Length Distribution of High Quality Multicrystalline Silicon

Ingots 116

T. Eguchi, T. Hirasawa, I. Yamaga, M. Dhamrin, T. Saitoh and K. Kamisako

Electrical Properties around Grain Boundaryof Poly-Crystalline Silicon for Solar Cell EvaluatedUsing the Conductive

AFM 118

Toru Ujihara, Kazuo Nakajima, Yoshikazu Takeda

Low Price - High Cost The Importance of High Efficiency for Lamps in Shs 120

Professor Peter Adelmann, Douglas Shelly, Kelly Marx

A Novel Rear Emitter N-Type PERT Silicon Cell Structure with Stable High Performance 122

Jianhua Zhao and Aihua Wang

Surface and Bulk Passivation of Silicon by LF-PECVD Hydrogenated Silicon Nitride SiNx:H 124

J-F. Lelievre, Y, Rozier, A. Bernaudeau, O. Palais, A. Kaminski, S. Quoizola, O. Nichiporuk, M. Berenguer, P. Girard

Effect of Varying the PECVD Microwave Power in SiNx:H Deposition on the Effective Lifetime in Silicon 126

Daniel N. Wright, Erik S, Marstein, S. Ponce-Alcantara, C. Del Cafiizo and Arve Holt

Passivation of p+-Surfaces by PECVD Silicon Carbide Films - A Promising Method for Industrial Silicon Solar Cell

Applications 128

R. Petres, J. Libal, R. Kopecek, M. Vetter, R. Ferre, I. Martin, D. Borchert, I Rover, K. Wambach, P. Fath

VAcuumfree LAmination of Solar modules 130

Dr. Gunther Stollwerck, Hans-Gerd Stevens, Hermann-Josef Goerkes, Dr. Wolfgang Kaufhold, Andreas Lyding, Dr.

Henricus Peerlings, Ernst-Ulrich Reisner, Jens Ufermann, Marc Yogt

On-Line Management and Control of Distributed Renewable Energy Power Plants Part I - Fuzzy Modelling of PV

Systems 132

Dr. C. Y. Kung, Mr. H. C. Tam

Large-scale Desert Solar Photovoltaic Grid-connected Generation Technology and Its Future Analysis 135

E Chunliang, Xu Honghua, Cao zhifeng

A New Grid-Connected Inverter by Utilizing Ready-Made PWM ICs for Audio Power Amplifier 137

Kentaro Hayashi, Takae Shimada, Hirotaka Koizumi, Yasuo Ohashi, Kosuke Kurokawa

Photovoltaic System for a Board of The Faculty Map in a Thai University 139

Somchai Hiranvarodom

Application of the Photovoltaic Solar Energy in the Residential Refrigerator Supply 141

Denizar Cruz Martins, Douglas P. da Silva, Andre S. de Andrade, Antonio J. B. Bottion and Kleber C. A. de Souza

Amorphous Silicon Solar Cell Technology Development in India: Materials, Fabrication and Production 143

A. K. Barua and Arindam Sarker

Large Area CVD Plasma Source for Mass Productionof Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells 145

S. Wieder, M. Liehr, T. Repmann, B. Rech

Key Factors for the Configuration of High Volume Solar Cell Production Lines Based on Crystalline Mdfaterial 147

3

Josef. J. Haasc

Super Large Scale Manufacturing of Thin-film PV Modules 149

Marwn S Keshner. Rajeewa R. Arya

Automatic Laser Edge Junction Isolation Assumption in Solar Cell Production 151

Zheng Zhanjun, Zhang Zhiqiang

Characterization of Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Electroluminescence 153

Yasue Kaji, Yu Takahashi, Akiyoshi Ogane, Yukiharu Uraoka andTakashi Fuyuki

Thick silicon oxide layer and surface planarization 155

Tietun Sun, Shiwei Ku, Zhigang Liu, Fanying Meng

Effective Mass Calculations of Energy Bands for Silicon Quantum Dot Solar Cells in Oxide, Nitride and Carbide

Matrices 158

Chu-Wei Jiang, Martin A. Green and Gavin Conibeer

Enhancement of Collection- and Conversion Efficiencies of Ideal Fluorescent Collectors by Photonic Band Stop Filters 160

Gerda C. Glaser, Florian Einsele and Uwe Rau

Effect of Ga Addition on Vibrational Properties of the Quaternary Culni.xGaxSe2 Thin Films 162

Chuan-Ming Xu, Yun Sun, Lin Zhou, Feng-Yan Li, Li Zhang, Yu-Ming Xue, Qing He, Zhi-Qiang Zhou and Hong-Tu Liu

Growth and Characterization of a New Double Buffer Layer for Cu(ln, Ga)Se2 Solar Cells 164

Liudmila Larina, Ki Hwan Kim, Min Sik Kim, Kyung Hoon Yoon and Byung Tae Ann

Research On In, Ga-rich CIGS Thin Films 166

Xue Yuming, Sun yun, He qing, Zhang li, Xu chuanming, Xiaojianping

CulnSe2 Coaxial Solar Cells by Electrodeposition 168

Yoonmook Kang and Donghwan Kim

Improvement in Surface Morphology of Electrodeposited CuGaSe2 Thin-Films by Supporting Electrolyte 170

Yusuke Oda, Takashi Minemoto, Hideyuki Takakura and Yoshihiro Hamakawa

Cu(ln, Ga)Se2 Thin-Film Evolution During Se/Ar atmosphere Selenization of Sputtered Metallic Cu-ln-Ga Precursors.... 172

Lin Zhou, Feng-Yan Li, Chuan-Ming Xu, Yun Sun, Qing He and Zhi-Qiang Zhou

Coexistence of Polymorphic Phases in CulnSe2 Thin Films 174

Chuan-Ming Xu, Yun Sun, Feng-Yan Li, Lin Zhou, Li Zhang, Qing He, Zhi-Qiang Zhou and Hong-Tu Liu

TheMuIti Solar Window 176

Eng. Ami Elazari MBA

The First 10kW Grid-Connected BIPV Station on Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau 178

Liu Hong Chen Huiling Zhang Zhimin

A Research of the String Inverter Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System Based on Intelligent Cluster Controller 180

Zhang Xing, Ni Hua, Yao Dan, Xu Po, Cao Ren-xian

Simulation of Large-scale Photovoltaic Grid-connected Systems 182

Mao Mciqin, Su Jianhui, Zhang Guorong

4

Minimizing the Dead layer of Industrial Phosphorous Emitters Formed by POCI3 Diffusion 184

Patrick Choulat, Filip Duerinckx, Emmanuel Van Kerschaver, Frederic Dross, Guy Beaucarne

Impact of a Silsl Barrier Layer on EVA Polycrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells 186

Dengyuan Song, Per I. Widenborg, Mason L. Terry and Armin G. Aberle

l-V Characteristic Modeling of in-field Aged Polysilicon Solar Cells 188

K. Ben Ali, A. S. Bouazzi, M. Zagdoudi and M. Fathallah

Silicon Epitaxy on Large-Area Substrates (43x43 cm2) by Convection-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition (CoCVD)...190

T. Kunz, I. Burkert, M. Grosch, R. Auer, and M. Schulz

Analysis of Thin Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cell by Photographic Surveying 192

Yu Takahashi, Yasue Kaji, Akiyoshi Ogane, Yukiharu Uraoka and Takashi Fuyuki

Thin Silicon Solar Cell by Layer Transfer Process Using QMPS as Active Layer-Challenges and Prospects 194

M. Banerjee, S. K. Datta, U. Gangopadhyay & H. Saha

Manufacturing Large Area Monocrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells by applying the PSI-Process 196

Barbara Terhciden, Renate Horbelt, and Rolf Brendel

The Study of Surface Microstructure of PPS Using as Antireflection Coating of Multi-crystalline Silicon Solar Cell 198

Wang Haiyan, Lu Jingxiao, Zhang Yuxiang, Zhang Liwei, Gao Xiaoyong, Yang Shie, Chen Yongsheng

Passivation Effect of SiNx:H films on Ga-doped Crystalline Silicon Wafers 200

N. Arifuku, M. Dhamrin, M. Suda, T. Saitoh, K. Kamisako, T. Hirasawa, T. Eguchi, I. Yamaga

New Type of Standard Measurements of Transparent Sphelar® Modules 202

K. Taira, N. Kogo, H. Kikuchi, N. Kumagai, N. Kuratani, I. Inagawa, S. Imoto, J. Nakata, M. Biancardo

Advanced Conductor Materials for Solar Cells 204

Yueli Wang, Michael Locklear, Alan Carroll, Dale Poser

Three Dimensional Light Capture of Spherical Cells 206

N. Kogo, K. Taira, H. Kikuchi, N. Kumagai, N. Kuratani, I. Inagawa, S. Imoto, J. Nakata

The Minority Carrier Lifetime Measurement in Solar Ceil Process 208

Chen Fengxiang, Xu Lin, Cui Rongqiang

Reduced Recombination Activity of Nickel Precipitates: Another Advantage of n-type Silicon 210

D. Macdonald and A. Cuevas

Influence of Wafers' Different Position in 240kg Ingot on Efficiency of Solar Cell 212

Zhonghe Wang, Dongsheng Zhang, Xiaoqiang Zheng, Zhiqiang Liu, Di Bai, Xiaojuun Sun, Jiayan Li

21 % Efficient Si Solar Cell with Low-temperature A-Si:H/ZnO Back Contact 214

P. J. Rostan, U. Rau, V. X. Nguyen, T. Kircliartz, M. B. Schubert, and J. H. Werner

Development of a New 550x Concentrator Module with 3J Cells - Performance and Reliability- 216

Kenji Araki, Hisal'umi Uozuini, Masafumi Yamaguchi, Yoshishige Kemmoku

The Solar Urban Master Plan a Novel Instrument in Urban Planning 220

Frank Wouters, MSc

5

Irradiation Monitoring from Sunshine Hours Given by Japanese Meteorological Observation Network 222

Junpei YOKKAICHI, Takashi OOZEKI and Kosuke KUROKAWA

The Design and Realization of 10kW Solar-energy Three-phase In-grid Inverter without Transformer 224

Bo Liu, Shicheng Wang

Status and Opportunities of Photovoltaic Inverters in Grid-Tied and Micro-Grid Systems 226

Xiaoming Yuan and Yingqi Zhang

Dynamic model of BIPV system for performance prediction 228

King-hang Lam, Josie Close, Edward WC Lo

New Controller for PV Powered Streetlight with Auto-Regulation According to SOC of The Battery 230

Chen Ziping, Peng Luming, Zhang Li, Wang Sicheng

Low Price-High Cost The Importance of High Efficiency for Lamps in Shs 232

Professor Peter Adelmann, Douglas Shelly, Kelly Marx

SOC Modeling for Lead-acid Battery and Development of SOC on-line Tester 234

Wang Sicheng, Chen Ziping, Yang Jun, Yu Anye

25/30 MW Ovonic Roll-To-Roll PV Manufacturing Machines 236

Stanford R. Ovshinsky andMasat Izu

Up-scaling of Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells by Industrial Large-Area PECVD KAI Systems 238

J. Meierl, U. Kroll, T. Roschek, J. Spitznagel, S. Benagli, Ch. Ellert, G. Androutsopoulos, A. Hiigli, W. Stein, J. Springer, O.

Kluth, D. Borello, M. Poppeller, G. Biichel, A. Bfichel

Impact of Junction Capacitance on Quasi-Steady-State Voltage Measurements of Silicon Solar Cells 240

F. Recart, A. Cuevas

Amorphous Diamond for Thermal Electrical Solar Cells 242

James C. Sung, Ming-Chi Kan, Michael Sung, Emily Sung, M. F. Tai

Studies on the P-layeru.c-Si:H Films and the uc-Si:H(p)/c-Si(n) Heterojunction Solar Cells 244

Bingqing Zhou, Qunfang Zhang, Fengzhen Liu, Ying Xu, Yuqin Zhou, Jinlong Liu

A Novel High Efficient Photovoltaic System Using Concave and Small Conventional Si Solar Cells 246

K. Ohdaira, K. Fujiwara, W. Pan, N. Usami, and K. Nakajima

Field-enhanced Conductivity and Steabler-Wronski Effect Kinetics in Amorphous Silicon Films on Alkali Glass

Substrates248

Sh. Chadraabal, P. Altantsog, G. Batdemberel, Zh. Davaasambuu, Z. Bold

Microstructure and Electric Characteristics of Phosphorus-doped Hydrogenated Silicon Films 250

Chen Yongsheng, Yang Shi-e, Wang Shengzhao, Lu Jingxiao, Gao Xiaoyong

Quantum States of Poly-Si Films at Middle Temperature on Glass Substrate 252

Ruimin Jin, Jingxiao Lu, Tuanhui Feng, Haiyan Wang, Liwei Zhang

Effect of Al203 Concentration in Powder Compacted Target on Sputtered Al-doped ZnO Thin Film Properties 254

Rachmat Adhi Wibowo, Badrul Munir, Hoe-Sup Soh, Do-Young Lee, Kyoo-Ho Kim

Studies on SnS Thin Films for Photovoltaic Application 256

6

WEI Guang-Pu, SHI Wei-Ming, QIU Yong-Hua, GE Yan-Hui, XU Jing

The Investigation of Doped-SnS Films by Chemical Bath Deposition 260

GE Yan-hui, SHI Wei-min, XU Jing, QIU Yong-hua ,WEI Guang-pu

Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of Boron-Doped CdS Thin Films by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique ..262

GE Yan-hui, SHI Wei-min, XU Jing, QIU Yong-hua, WEI Guang-pu

Composition and Optical Properties of ZnSxSei.x Films Grown by Close-Spaced Evaporation 264

Y. P. Venkaui Subbaiah, K. T. Ramakrishna Rcddy and R. W. Miles

The Effects of High Resistance Transparent Layer On The Performance Of CdTe Solar Cell 266

Zeng Gtumggen, Feng Lianghuan, Li Bing, Chen Qian, Hao Ruiying, Song Huijin, Yang Xuewen, Cai Yapping, Lei Zhi

Effect of Nitric-phosphoric Acid Etches on the Performance of CdTe Solar Cells 268

Ruiying Hao, Wei Li, Jiagui Zheng, Lianghuan Feng, Qian Chen, Lili Wu, Jingquan Zhang, Wei Cai, Yaping Cai, Bing Li

and Zhi I^ii

Preparation and Characterization of Electrodeposition CdS Thin Films 270

Ge yanhui, Shi weimin, Xujing, Qiu yonglum, Wei guangpu

Mass Production Scale of PV Modules and Components in 2030s and beyond 272

Kosuke Kurokuwa

Economic Analysis of a Photovoltaic/fuel Cell and Generator as a Power Supply System 275

Mobolaji Bello, Innocent Davidson

Feasibility of Constructing 100 MW Photovoltaic Systems in Western China 277

Chen Zhegen

Study of the Grid-Connected PV System Using Improving Power Quality 279

Zhang llaibo, XI) Jin

Development status and perspective of Grid-Connected PV inverters 281

jie shu ning wang c. h. wu e. ehen gang xu hui shen s. j. yu

Investigation of Battery Storage Station of Autonomy-Enhanced PV Clusters for Urban Community 283

Masahide Yamuguchi, Talsuya Kawumalsu. Takul'umi Tukuma, Kosuke Kurokuwa, Kenji Otani, Shinji Wukao, Yasuliiro

Hayashi. Yukiyoshi Ono

PSoC-Based Islanding Detection for Photovoltaic Grid Connected Inverter 285

Khunchni Tunlusnkun, Krisvunarxmg Kirtikaru, Siricliai Thepaand Veerapol Monyakul

Islanding Effects Due to Voltage Conditions of Grid Disconnecting 287

N. Chuyuwutlo, S. Slakuleltaioeii, N. Ruany,i(itsiii, K. Kirtikara, C*. Jivneute and 1). C'lienvidhya

Investigation of the Configuration of Autonomy-Enhancod PV Clusters for Urban Community 289

Shinji WAKAO, Yusuhiro IIAYAKHI, Nauki I'LDA. Akiiaka ONOYAMA, Kosuke KUKOKAWA. MnsahUto

YAMAGHnil. Kenji OTANI, and Yukiyoslu ONO

Optical Charnctonsation ol Silane-freo Deposited Silicon Nitride Thin Films by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry 291

< I. Claudio. (i. Biuno. M 1-osuulo. M. Thw.utev and M. Borelaml

Chemical Deposition of ZnOThtn Films for Antirofloclivo Coating of Spherical Si Solar Cells 293

7

Takashi Minemoto, Takahiro Mizuta, Mikio Murozono, Hideyuki Takakura and Yoshihiro Hamakawa

Textuering Mechanism Using Hydrogen Radicals Generatedby Tungusten Hot Filament 295

Hiroshi Nagayoshi, Keita Konno, Suzuka Nishimura and Kazutaka Terashima

14. 4 % Screen Printed n-Type mc-Si Solar Cells with Al Back dunction on Thin Large Area Wafers 297

T. Buck, R Kopecek, J. Libal, I. Rover, K. Wambach, L. J. Geerligs, P. Sanchez-Friera, J. Alonso, P. Fath

Comparison of Stencil and Screen Printed Solar Cells 299

Guoxiao Yao, Stuart R. Wenham and Jeffery E Cotter

A Compare Study of LPCVD Silicon Nitride Deposited on (100) and (111) Silicon Surface 301

Hao Jin, K. J. Weber, A. W. Blakers

Passivating Mc-Si Solar Cells Using SiNx:H: How to Tune to Maximum Efficiencies 303

Ingrid G. Romijn, H. C. Rieffe, A. W. Weeber, W. J. Soppe

Characterization of a-SiCN:H Passivation Layer Deposited by Hot Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition using

Hexamethyldisilazane 305

Michio Otsubo, Takehiko Sato, Shinsuke Miyajima, Amornrat Limmanee, Tatsuro Watahiki, Akira Yamada and Makoto

Konagai

Toward 18% Efficient Industrial Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells 307

S. Fujii, Y. Inomata, M. Tsuchida, K. Niira, T. Sakamoto, N. Matsushima, K. Fukui and K. Shirasawa

High Efficiency Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells: Research and Production Technology Development 310

Jianhua Zhao

Advanced Inline Quality Control (IQC) - Novel Concepts for Quality and Process Control of Crystalline Silicon Wafer

and Solar Cell Production Lines 312

Eric Ruland, Tibor Pavelka, Stephan Wansleben, Peter Fath

The Analyse of Thinner Multicrystalline Silicon Wafer in the Solar Cell Production 314

Liu Wei, Sun Xiaojuan

Surface Passivation of Silicon Solar Cells by Amorphous Silicon/Silicon Nitride Dual Layers 316

Andreas Bentzen, Alexander Ulyashin, Aina Suphellen, Erik Sauar, Dieter Grambole, Daniel N. Wright, Erik S. Marstein,

Bengt G. Svensson, and Arve Holt

High Throughput CVD and ZMR for Crystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells 318

A. Eyer, F. Haas, S. Janz, F. Lutz, A. Hurrle, N. Schillinger, and S. Reber

SLIVER Solar Cells 320

A. W. Blakers, H. Jin, K. J. Weber, P. N. K. Deenapanray, V. Everett, E. Franklin and W. Jellett

Synthesis of Crystalline Nanowires Inside Amorphous Silicon Thin Films at Low Temperature 322

Husam H. Abu-Safe, M. Saad Abbasi, Hameed A. Naseem, William D. Brown, and Ram Kishore

Towards a 33% Efficient Cassegrainian Solar Module 324

L. Fraas,J. Avery, H. Huang, Leonid Minkin

,She Hui, and Eli Shifman

Outdoor Testing of 3-Sun Mirror Module 328

L. Fraas, J. Avery, H. Huang, and J. Fraas

Concentrator PV System Hope for Low Cost PV Power Generating 330

George Huang, CEO, MicroPV, Inc.

New Large Tracking Ridge Concentrators 331

V. Poulek, M. Libra

Long-Term Field Test of a 500X Concentrator PV System with Dome Fresnel Lens 333

Yoshishige Keinnioku, Toshio ligami, Yoshinori Miyazaki, Masao Hiramalsu, Kenji Araki, Nicholas J. Ekins-Daukes,

I lae-Seok l-ee, Taleki Snkakibara

A Study on Maximum Power Point Tracking Control with Quick Response for a Photovoltaic System by Multiple

Regression Analysis 335

Yuta Kiito, Miki Kobayashi, Yoshio Sawada and Ichiro Takano

Improvements in the Performance of a High Concentration lll-V Multijunction Module 337

IX J. Aiken, M. A. Slan, S. P. Lindicier, G. Girurd, and P. R. Sharps

Innovative Thermophotovoltaic Power Source Using Silicon Concentrator Solar Cells 339

K. Qiu, A. V. S.Hayden

Evaluation and analysis on multi-junction solar cells and modules under realistic spectrum - lll-V and Concentrators 341

Kenji Araki, lILsufumi Uo/umi.Masafumi Yamnguelri, Yoshishige Kemmoku

Impacts of Technology Improvement and Quality Assurance in the WB/GEF China Renewable Energy Development

Project on PV Industry and Market Development in China 343

Hind tcr Hoist, Zhitng Cheng

Potential Renewable Energy from Oil & Gas Industries Indonesia 347

Djokn .Suwasono, PKRTAMINA Quality Manager

Solar Energy in Sudan 349

Aluleen Mustafa Cliner

Statistics and Trends In Photovoltaic Applications Results from the Latest Surveys in Selected IEA-PVPS - and

Non-IEA-PVPS Countries Along the PV Value Chain 351

Pius Ilursscr, I/unii KAIZUKA

Economic and Social Benefits of Photovoltaics 353

Arnull .lager-Wakluu

The Output of Photovoltaic Systems in China 355

/inning LIU. Jichui 1.1, Una LIAO. Jingtian I.I. Ziyim; LI. Yonggan MA. Yue ZHANG, XiinMA. Tingjin CIIHN

Solar Photovoltaic in Shanghai 357

U 0 Cui.y. II. Ye.T.T.Sun, (\J.Zhiui. / B Zhuu.L Xu, !•". Y. Menji, H. C. Yu

Challenger, in Renewable Energy Education: Training the Next Generation Workforce 359

Raietuui K Ar\a, John M. Yaihwoiuih

Pulsed Rapid Thermal Annealing lor Forming the Emitter of Hotoro-junction Solar Cell 361

Y Xu. X. h I .Km. H W Hum. 11. Y Hao. X 11 Zhciijt;. W. J Wang

Motal-Semtconcluctor Contact in Si-basod Photovoltaic Device 363

v

Q. M. Fu, B. R. Chen, K. X. Ding, S. C. Cheng, Y. Wang, Q. Q. Wang, X. Z. Zhao, J. B. Han, J. Li

The Effect of Temperature on the Performance of Silicon Solar Cells 365

A. Q. Malik, Lim Chee Ming and Tan Kha Sheng

Efficiency Improvement of HIT Solar Cells by Adding Carbon in the Emitter 367

T. Mueller, Y. L. Huang, M. L. D. Scherff and W. R. Fahrner

Investigation and Imaging of Localized Photogenerated Current in Photovoltaic Cells and Modules 369

A. R. Gxasheka, E. E. van Dyk, and F. J. Vorster

New Material System for Ultra High Efficiency Solar Cells 371

Suzuka Nishimura, Kazutaka Terashima and Hiroshi Nagayoshi

Importance of Hole and Electron Escape Sequence in Nanostructered Solar Cells 373

A. Alemu, J. A. H. Coaquira and A. Freundlich

Phononic Engineering with Nanostructures for Hot Carrier Solar Cells 375

Jean-Francois Guillemoles, Gavin Conibeer, Martin Green

Investigation of Current Matching on Triple Junction Cell for Concentrator Application 377

Hiroyuki Juso, Atsushi Yoshida, Takaaki Agui, Kazuyo Nakamura, Kazuaki Sasaki, Tatsuya Takamoto, Masao Tanaka,

Minoru Kaneiwa, and Kohji Okamoto

Numerical Simulation of GaAs/Si Heterojunction Solar Cells 379

P. Q. Luo, Z. B. Zhou, W. Jiang, Z. G. Liu, H. C. Yu, S. W. Ku, Q. H. Ye, R. Q. Cui, X. M. Dou

Impurities in GaAsN Grown by Chemical Beam Epitaxy Using Monomethylhydrazine or Dimethylhidrazine as N

Precursor 381

H. Suzuki, K. Nishimura, H. S. Lee, Y. Ohshita, I. Gono, N. Kojima and M. Yamaguchi

Improvements of Cell Properties by Thermal Cycle Annealing in Lattice-mismatched InGaAs 383

T. Sasaki, K. Arafune, H. S. Lee, N. J. Ekins-Daukes, S. Tanaka, Y. Ohshita and M. Yamaguchi

Enhancing GaSb/GaAs TPV Performance Using an Offset p-n Junction 385

Q. Fan, B. McQuillin and Y. Xu

Performance Degradation of GaAs Multi Quantum Well Solar Cells after Proton Irradiation 387

R. Wang, Q. Fan, JB. Yang, XF. Sun, B. McQuillin, G. Hill, J. Roberts, and Y. Xue

Study of Techniques for Encapsulating Glass-glass Solar Modules 389

Zhang Zhen, Shen Hui, Li Wan ping

Building-Integrated Photovoltaics: Its' Past, Present and Future Applications in Hong Kong 391

Yang Hongxing and Fung Yuyan

An Evaluation Method of Area-dependency Equalization of Output Fluctuation from Distributed PV System by Using

Frequency Analysis 3g3

Norihiro KAWASAKI, Takashi OOZEKI, Kenji OTANI, Kiyoyuki KITAMURA, Hiroyuki SUG1HARA, Shogo

NISHKAWA, and Kosuke KUROKAWA

Application of the Photovoltaic Solar Energy in the Residential Refrigerator Suppy 396

Denizar Cruz Martins, Douglas P. da Silva, Andre S. de Andrade, Antonio J. B. Bottion and Kleber C. A. de Souza

10

The Application of Neural Network in MPPTof Solar Array 398

Shengzhi Xu, Gcngshen Zhao, Qingzhang Wang, Yu Wang

First Experiences with the Implementation of a Large-Scale Program on PV Hybrid Village Power Plants in Western

China 400

Kliiighammer, Winl'ricd ;Ma Shenghong ; Noerenberg, Konstantin

Study on D-UPFC in the Clustered PV System with Grid 402

Kytingsoo Lee, Kosuke Kurokawa

Design and Application Considerations of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverters for International Markets 404

Raymond M. Hudson and Dr. Renjie Xu

Surface Passivation of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by High-Pressure Thermal Oxidation at Low Temperature 406

H. Sai, K. Yutraishita, N. Yamamoto, R. Imai, T. Ishiwata, K. Arafune, Y. Ohshita, and M. Yamaguchi

Electric and Crystallographic Characterizations on H-passivated Spherical Si Solar Cells 408

Chikao Okamolo, Takashi Mincmoto, Mikio Murozono, Hklcyuki Takakura and Yoshihiro Hamakawa

The Surface Polarization Effect in High-Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells 410

R. vSwanson, M. Cud/.inovic, D. DeCeuster, V. Desai, Jorn Jurgens, N. Kaminar, W. Mulligan

Fabrication of Selective Emitter Solar Cells 412

Sheng Qu, /.uniing Liu, Tingjin Chen, Hua Liao, Xun Mu, Zhongming Du

High Performance Spherical Silicon Solar Cells Fabricated by Dropping Method at Low Pressure State 414

Chikao QkamtUo, Kaoru Tsujiyn, Takashi Mincmoto. Mikio Murozono, Hideyuki Takakura nnd Yoshihiro Hamakawa

Optical Design of Spherical Si Solar Cells with Semi-Light-Concentration System 416

Tomohiro Ikuta, Takashi Mincmoto, Hideyuki Takakura and Yoshihiro Hamakiiwa

Simulated Screen-Printed Solar Cell Production 418

S. Wcnrutm and A. brucc

A Comparative Study of Poly-Si Films Fabricated on Glass by Crystallisation of PECVD a-Si:H via the SPC and SPE

Methods 420

Per i. Widcnborg. Jurgen W. Weber, Mason L. Terry, and Arniin G. Aberle

Temperature and Irradiance Dependence of the l-V Curves of Various Kinds of Solar Cells 422

Yuki Tsunii, Yoshihiro llisliikawa and Kosuke Kurokawa

Basic Characters of Solar Grade Silicon Feedstock 424

Binjihua Huang

Numerical Analysis of Mlcrocrystalline Cubic SiC:H/ Single Crystal Si Heterojunction Solar Cells 426

Kei.suke Ilagu, Sliinsuke Miyajima, Akira Yanuula, Makoto Konagai

Research on Poly-Silicon Foil Solar Cell Madeby Melt Flow Casting Process 428

Chen Zlu'l'.en

Review on Crystallino Silicon Surface Passivation by Amorphous Silicon Carbide Films 430

M. Veilei, I. Martin, K. p'env, R. Alcuhilla

p-type Crystalline Silicon Solnr Cells with Deposited uc-Si Back Surface Field (BSF) 432

;i

H. D. Goldbach, A. Bink, E. Bobeico, P. Morvillo, F. Roca, R. E. I. Schropp

Comparative Study of Standard Phosphorus Diffusion on Monocrystalline Silicon 434

Shuang. Song, Y. Xu, X. D Li, W. J. Wang

Development of the Reflected Concentrator for Photovoltaic System 436

Ning Duo, Zhang Dongyu, Hang Jiangzhou

Mass Production of Cost Effective Systems Based on High Concentration 438

V. D'az, J. L Alvarez, J. Alonso

High Efficiency Solar Module with Concentrator and Tracker 440

NuoFu Chen, Yiming Bai, Ping Liang, Jinliang Wu, Chenlong Chen

Data Logger for PV and Wind/PV Hybrid Systems 442

Chen Ziping, Wang Sicheng

Advanced Analysis of Shading Effect Using Minutely Based Measured Data for PV Systems 444

Yuzuru Ueda, Takashi Oozeki, Kosuke Kurokawa, Takamitsu Itou, Kiyoyuki Kitamura, Yusuke Miyamoto, Masaharu

Yokota, Hiroyuki Sugihara

A Research of Hot Spot on PV Array 446

Cui Yan Chen Ruliang, Li Dayong, Hu Hongxuan, Dong Jingwei, Shi Dequan

Analysis and Application of l-V Curve of PV Module 448

Li Yongmei, Sun Yongming, Shi Shanglin

Diagnostic Method for Evaluation of PV Modules Using AC Impedance Spectroscopy 450

T. Chayavanich, C. Limsakul, N. Chayavanich, D. Chenvidhya and K. Kirtikara

Certification Testing and Experience for PV Modules by JET 452

Seishiro Mizukami, Takamitsu Inoue, Hiroshi Kato, Yasunori Uchida, Yoichi Murakami

PV Activities in Japan: Today and Tomorrow 454

Osamu Bdci, Takashi Ohigashi, Izumi Kaizuka, Hiroshi Matsukawa

Education and Research at the Centre for Photovoltaic Engineering, UNSW 455

R. Corkish, S. R. WenharnM. A. Green, J. E. Cotter, A. Sproul, A. G. Aberle, J. Zhao, G. Conibeer, G. Stapleton, M. Watt,

E. Spooner, A. Bruce, Anita W. Y. Ho

Target Validation for PV Technology Development in Japan From Energy Competition Point of View 457

ENDO Eiichi

Solar Photovoltaic Activities & Testing Program at KMUTT in Thailand 459

Chaya Jivacate and Dhirayut Chenvidhya

The Development Strategy Research on PV International Standardization 461

Zhang Lanying, Xi Wenhua

Growth of Photovoltaic Industry and Market in Thailand-A Case Study of Solartron PCL- 463

Dusit Kruangam, Pavan Siamchai, Patama Wongthoythong and Wandee Khunchornyakong

Renewable Energy in Australia-Perspective for The New Millennium 465

A Zahedi, SMIEEE, WREN, Solar Energy Applications Research Group (SEARG)

12

Socio-Economic Impact Monitoring of Rural Electrification Projects- A China Case Study 467

F. Haugwitz, H. Miilier, D. Briihl, S. Haskamp

10% from renewables? The role of BEMS and ESCO's in HK Schools BIPV Installations 469

Josie Close, KH Lam, Huey Pang + Steven Humphreys

Oxygen Partial Pressure Dependence of the Properties of ZnO:AI Films Prepared by Mid-frequency Sputtering 471

Liu Jiayu, Xue Junming, Liu Jinbiao, Yang Ruixia, Sun Jian, Zhao Ying, Geng Xinhua

Investigations on Fill-Factor Drop of Microcrystalline Silicon P-l-N Solar Cells Deposited onto Highly Surface-textured

ZnO Substrates 473

Luc Feitknecht, JerCmie Steinhauser, Romain Schliichter, Sylvie Fay, Didicr Domine, Evelyne Vallat-Sauvin, Fanny

Meillaud, Christophe Ballif & Arvind Shah

Processing-induced Infrared Spectrum Characterization in Al Doped Zno Films 475

Z. B. Zhou, W. Jiang, P. Q. Luo, Z. G. Liu, Q. H. Ye, S. Q. Lin, F. Y. Meng, R. Q. Cui

ZnO: Al Thin Films Obtained by Spray Pyrolysis: Effect of Al Concentration 477

S. M. Rozali, Sh. Akcstch

Analysis of Light Trapping ofTextured ZnO: Al Model. 479

Wang llaiyan, Lu Jingxiao, Gao Xiaoyong, Jin Rei min, Yang Shie, Chen Yongsheng

Nano-scale l-V Characterization of uc-Si:H Solar Cell by Conductive Atomic Force Microscope 481

Zhenhua Shcn, M. Eguchi, S. Ogawa, T. Gotoh, K. Sato, T. Itoh, N. Yoshida and S. Nonomura

Phase Matched Simultaneous Cell Gap Measurement Reflective LCD by Polarization-Angle 483

Chia •[•'», Chang, Yi-Ci, Chan, Zou-ni, Wan

Eu Doped CaFa Crystals for Photovoltaic Applications 484

Ka/.utaka Terashima, Suzuka Nishimura and Hiroshi Nagayoshi

Modeling of Gradient-Index Antireflection Coating for Silicon Solar Cells 486

X. A. Bubnova, V. E, Nikulin, T. I. Taurbaev

Detection of Deep Defect Levels in Cu20/ZnO Heterostructure Solar Cells by DLTS Spectroscopy 488

(i. K. Paul, Y, Nawa, II. Sato, M. M. Islam, N. I.shklu, T. Sakurai, K. Akimoto

Improved Reproducibility in the Fabrication of Large-area Cu(lnGa)Sea-based Thin-film Submodules 490

Katsumi Kushiya. Satoru Kuriyagawa. Yoshiaki Tanaka, Masaru Onodera

Progress Towards Low-Cost PV-Generated Electricity with the Amonix High Concentration Photovoltaic System 493

Alexander Slade, Kenneih W Stone, Robert Gordon and Vahan (iarhoushiun

Growth and Characterization of AgGaSe2 Crystals Grown by Hot-Press Method 495

K. Yodiino, A. Kinoshita, H. Mntsuo mid T, Ikari

Preparation of AglnS^Thin Films by Sulfurization of Ag/ln Precursors for Solar Cell Application 497

Shigeyuki Nukiunura, Dili Okainuto

Fabrication of p-FeSi2 films for solar cells using thin film zone melting crystallization 499

Yunu Tanaka, Manabu lluira

Core-Shell Nanostructured Working Electrodes: Application To Dyo-Sonsitisod Solar Cells 501

13

David Menzies, Qing Dai, Laure Bourgeois, Yi-Bing Cheng, George P. Simon and Leone Spiccia

Reactive Magnetron Sputtering of CulnSs Solar Cells -The Influence of the Deposition Conditions on Structural and

Electronic Properties and Solar Cell Efficiency 503

Thomas Unold, Tobias Enzenhofer, Ina Sieber, Klaus Ellmer

Structural and Optical Characterization of Bi-doped CulnS2Thin Films Grown by Vacuum Evaporation Method 505

Y. Akaki, H. Matsuo, H. Komaki, K. Yoshino and T. Ikari

Effects of Sn Concentration in Indium Tin Oxide Back Contacts on the Device Performance of Cu(lni-xGax)Se2 Thin

Film Solar Cells 507

Naoomi Yamada, Tsukasa Tatejima, Hiroki Ishizaki, Tokio Nakada

Fabrication of Absorber Layer for CIGSS Solar Cells by RTP 509

Neelkanth G. Dhere, Jyoti S. Shirolikar, Sachin S. Kulkarni, Matthew Nugent

Electronic Structure of Chalcopyrite-type CulnSe2 and the Other Chalcopyrite-type Compounds, CuMX2 (M=ln, Ga, Al,

X=Se, S) 511

Tsuyoshi Maeda and Takahiro Wada

The n Type na-Si:H/p Type C-Si Heterojuction Solar Cell Prepared by PECVD 513

Huacong Yu, Rongqiang Cui, Chunjiang Zhao, Fanying Meng, Hong Chen, Wei Pan, He Wang, Shiwei Ku, Liang Zhao,

Hua Peng, Zhibin Zhou, Zhigang Liu, Wei Jiang, Dunyi Tang, Shuquan Lin, Yuliang He

Directional Solidification System (Dss) for Production of Multicrystalline Silicon Ingots for Solar Cells 515

Keith Matthei, P. S Raghavan, Sam (Xingxue) Tong and Jon Talbott

High Efficiency Screen-printed Solar Cells on Textured Mono-Crystalline Silicon 517

A. Rohatgi, A. Ebong, M. Hilali, V. Meemongkolkiat, B. Rounsaville and A. Ristow

Multicrystalline Silicon: a Review of Its Electronic Properties 521

A. Cuevas, and D. Macdonald

17% Mc-Si Solar Cell Using Full In-line Processing 525

C. J. J. Tool, M. Koppes, E. J. Koppes, H. C. Rieffe, I. G. Romijn, A. W. Weeber

Study on Improvement of the Uniformity for Preparing Polycrystalline Silicon Films 527

Rui Huang, Xuanying Lin, Yunpeng Yu, Kuixun Lin, Junhong Wei, Zusong Zhu

High Efficiency Thin Film Silicon Hybrid Cell and Module 529

Kenji Yamamoto, Akihiko Nakajima, Masashi Yoshimi, Toru Sawada, Susumu Fukuda, Takashi Suezaki, Mitsuru Ichikawa,

Yohei Koi, Masahiro Goto, Tomomi Meguro, Takahiro Matsuda, Masataka Kondo, Toshiaki Sasaki and Yuko

Tawada

Mini-PV Power Systems with a-Si Module 531

Liu Xiaobo

Degradation Induced Performance Loss of Two Commercial CIS Modules Under Sub-tropical and Temperate Climates

533

King-hang Lam, Josie Close, Huey Pang, Wilhelm Durisch

One Step Method to Produce Hydrogen Using AmorphousSilicon Solar Cells 535

Song Hong, Sun Jian, Zhang Dekun, Zhang QingBao, ZhaoYing, Geng XinHua

14

Optimisation of the Front Contact for Low to Medium Concentrations in LGBC Silicon Solar Cells 537

A Cole, S Roberts, TM Bruton, K C Heasman

Reliabilities of High Concentrator PV Modules Using lll-V Cells 539

Kenji Araki, Hisafumi Uozumi, Masafumi Yamaguchi

R&D Activities for Super High-efficiency Multi-junction and Concentrator Solar Cells in Japan 541

Masafumi Yamaguchi, Tatsuya Takamoto, Kenji Araki, N. J. Ekins-Daukes

Analysis for Radiation-Resistance of GaAs Sub-Celis for InGaP/GaAs/Ge 3-junction Solar Cells 545

Masafumi Yamaguchi, Taishi Sumita, Mitsuru Imaizurni, Nicholas J. Ekins-Daukes, Hae-Scok Lee, Tatsuya Takamoto, T.

Agui, Minoru Kaneiwa, K. Kamimura, Takeshi Ohshima and Hisayoshi Iloh

Preparation of CIGSS Thin-film Solar Cells on Flexible and Ultra-lightweight Ti Substrates 549

Ankur A. Kadani, Neelkanth G. Dhcre, Anant H. Jaliagirdar and Mike Murphy

Solar Cells on MCZ(Ge) Silicon Substrates 551

Du Yongehao, Sun Yanzheng, Liu Chunming, Li Qiao, Ren Jing, Wang Jingxiao

MOVPE Growth Conditions and Characterization of InGaAsN: an Alternative 1. 0 eV Bandgap Solar Cell Material 553

Sakuntam Sanorpim, Fumihiro Nakajima, Wutaru Ono, Ryuji Kntayama, and Kentaro Onube

Radiation-Resistance of a Wide Band-Gap AllnGaP Space Solar Cell under 1 MeV Electron Irradiation 555

H. S. Ixe, M. Yamaguchi, N. J. Ekins-Daukes, A. Khan, T. Takamoto, M. Imaizurni, T. Ohshima, H. Iloh

Boron-doped ZnO Films for A-SI Solar Cell Grown by MOCVD 557

Chen Xinliang, Xu Buhcng, Zhao Ying, Sun Jian, Wei Changchun, Geng Xinhua

ZnO Layers Incorporated into uc-Si :H Solar Cells : Quantum Efficiency (QE) Results and Proposal for a Fig. of Merit...559

S. Fay, J. Sieinhauser, R. Sehluchter, L. Feitknecht, C. Ballif, A. Shah

Stability of Non-encapsulated Thin-film Silicon Solar Cells in Damp Heat Tests 561

II. Sliebig, W. Reetz, C. Haase, T. Repmann, and B. Rech

TiOa-Coated TCO (Sn02:F) Films Prepared by AP-CVD with High Durability against Hydrogen Radicals 563

Miku Kaiube, Ka/.uo Sato, Yasuyoshi Kurokawa, Shinsuke Miyajima, Makoto Fukawa, Naoki Tancda, and Makoto Konagai

Effect of ZnO Layers as Front TCO and Back Reflector in Superstate pin uc-Si:H and a-Si:H/uc-SI:H Thin-film Solar

Cells 565

Jeong Chul l.ee, Sang Won Jeon, Junsin Yi, Sae Jin Aim, Jae Ho Yun, Seok Ki Kim, Jinsoo Song and Kyung I loon Yoon

Control of Microstructure and Surface Morphology of Indium Tin Oxide Films by Changing Initial Growth Conditions 568

Jung Hwan Ixe, Jun Sik Clio, Young Whan Baeg and Donghwun Kim

Relationship of Structures and Photoelectric Properties of Novel Cyanine Dyes with Different Methine Chains as

Sensitizers for Nanocrystalline Solar Cell 570

Xiuying Chen, Xiaojun Peng, Jiahao Quo, Shengmiii Cai

Etch-Induced Deposition of Si:H for Solar Cell Applications 572

Yuan-Min Li and Zultan J. Kiss

Physical Investigations on SnS/Ag Schottky Diodes 574

N. K. Redely, K. Ramesh, K. T. R. Reddy and R. W. Miles

/5

Optimizations of Organic and Polymeric Photovoltaic Materials and Devices 576

S. Sun, C. Zhang, J. Haliburton, S. Choi, A. Ledbetter, C. Bonner, M. Drees and N. Sariciftci

Photovoltaic Characteristics of Boron-incorporated Nanocrystalline Carbon on Silicon as Heterojunction Solar Cell 580

Z. Q. Ma, Q. Zhang, D. M. Wang, W. Li, Y. Wang, Z. X. Zhao

Raman Spectroscopy of Carbon Nitride Films Prepared by Ion Beam Sputtering Technique 582

W. Jiang, Z. B. Zhou, P. Q. Luo, X. D. Pu, Z. G. Liu, H. C. Yu, S. W. Ku, Q. H. Ye, R. Q. Cui, X. M. Dou

Defect Density Reduction in a-C Layers for C60/a-C Superlattice Solar Cells 584

Nobuaki Kojima, Takehiko Imaizurni, Takashi Terayama, Hidetoshi Suzuki and Masafumi Yamaguchi

Preparation of AglnSe2 Thin Film Grown by Vacuum Evaporation Method 586

H. Matsuo, K. Yoshino, T. Jkari and T. Nakada

Study Progress on Tin Sulfide Thin Film Solar Cell 588

QIU Yong-hua, SHI Wei-min, WEI Guang-pu, GE Yan-hui

Reactive Magnetron Sputtering of Sulfide Films - A New Approach for Large Area Deposition of Thin Film Solar Cells..590

Stefan Seeger, Thomas Unold, Klaus Ellmer

Hybrid Absorber Layer For Solar Cell Based on Nanoparticles of CdTe in Polyaniline Matrices 592

Deepak Verma, V. Dutta and A Ranga Rao

Sn02 Thin Films by PECVD and Application -in CdS/CdTe Solar Cells 594

Lei Zhi (email:leizhi@yahoo. com. en), Feng Lianghuan, Zhang Jingquan, Cai Yaping, Li Bing, Li Wei, Wu Lili, Zeng

Guanggen, Luo Qiong

The Structural Properties of CdTe Film on Si(100) Grown by Hot Wall Epitaxy 596

Yao zhaohui, Chen tingjin, Yuan hairong, Liu zuming, Liao hua

Chemical Bath Deposition of ZnS Thin Films 598

Liu Qi, Ao Jianping, Mao Guobing, Sun Guozhong, Sun Yun, Liu Fangfang, He Qing, Li Fengyan, Zhou Zhiqiang, Li

Changjian

Characterization of SnS Thin Films Optimized by Annealing in The Vacuum 600

QIU Yong-hua, SHI Wei-min, WEI Guang-pu, GE Yan-hui

Growth and Characterization of Cu-Ga-Se Thin Films Grown by Molecular Beam Deposition Method 602

Panita Chinvetkitvanich, Chanwit Chityuttakan, Sojiphong Chatraphorn, Kajornyod Yoodee and Somphong Chatraphorn

Effect of Selenization Temperature on The Properties of CulnSe2 Films Prepared by Selenization of Metallic Cu-ln

Alloy Precursors 604

Fangdan Jiang, Jiayou Feng

Morphology Improvement of Electrodeposited Bilayer CulnSe2 Thin Films for Solar Cell Application 606

Shigeyuki Nakamura, Shinsuke Kunitsugu, Minoru Hiramatsu

The XRD and SEM Investigations of ZnO:AI Films Deposited by Sputtering on ZnS/CulnS2/Mo/SLG Substrates 608

Xiao-Ping Liu, Le-Xi Shao

Characterization of the Spectral Response of Multi-Junction Solar Cells 610

Yoshihiro HISHIKAWA

16

CIGS Mini-Modules with Screen-Printed Front Contacts 612

Birger Retterst0l Olaisen, Sara Woldegiorgis, Per-Oskar Westin, Marika Edoff, Lars Stolt, Arve Holt, Erik Stensrud

Marstein

A Study on the Properties and Fabrication of CulnSe2 Ternary Compound Thin Film 614

Y. J. Kim, H. H. Yang, W. J. Jeong, J. Y. Park, G. C. Park, H. D. Chung, C. D Kim, H. R. Park

Study of Selenization Processes in a Low Pressure to Fabricate Culno.7Ga0.3Se2 Thin Film 616

Wei Liu, Jianguo Tian, Wei Li, Yun Sun, Fcngyan Li, Qing He, Changjian Li

Large Area Deposition of uc-Si by Microwave PECVD 618

W. J. Soppe, C. Devilee, J. Loffler, A. Gajovic, P. Dubcek, D. Gracin, H. -J. Muffler

Novel Texturing Approach for Large Scale Industrial Production Line of Large Area Mono-crystalline Silicon Solar

Cell 620

U. Gangopadhyay, Kyunghae Kim, S. K. Dhungel, M. Banerjee, G. Bhattacharya, H. Saha and J. Yi

Investigation of Low Molarity Alkaline Texturing Solutions 622

Kate Fisher and Jeffrey Cotter

Study on Texturization of Monocrystalline Silicon with Wet Etching 624

Sheng Pan, Tietun Sun

Effect of Porous Silicon Stain Etched on Large Area Alkaline Textured Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells 626

N. Marrero, R. Guerrero-Lemus, B. Gonzalez-Dfaz, D. Borchert, C. Hern.lndez-Rodrfgucz

Epitaxial Mono-crystalline Si thin-films Grown on Self Standing Porous Si Seed Layers for Solar Cells 628

P. J. Rostan, C. Berge, U. Rau, and J. H. Werner

Acidic Texturization of mc-Si for Silicon Solar Cells 630

Li Yonghong, Kengo Nakano, Zheng Zhanjun

Silicon Macropores Formed in Acid and Alkaline Dolutions at Different Etching Rates 632

B. Gon/ii!e/,- Dfaz, N. Marrero, D. Borchert, C. Herndndez-Rodrfguez, R. Guerrero-Lemus

Solar Battery in Stand-alone PV Systems for 'The National Township Electrification Project" in China 634

Liu Yedong, Yu Peinuo

Mini-Grid Concept for Rural Electrification in Thailand 636

Nipon Ketjoy, Wattanapong Rakwichian and Sukrucdee Nathakaranakule

10 kW Muiti Photovoltaic Cell Stand-alone/Grid Connected System for Office Building 638

Achitpon Sasitharanuwat, Wattanapong Rakwichian, Nipon Ketjoy and Wuthipong Suponthana

Assessment of a 20 kWp GCPVS in Ratchaburi, Thailand 640

J. Waew.sak, S. Seinksanor, W. Chimohawce and S. Chindaruksa

Influence of Solar Spectrum and Temperature Variations on Silicon-Based Photovoltaic Modulos 642

S. Nagae, M. Toda, T. Mincmoto, H. Takakura, and Y. Hamakawa

Amorphous-Silicon Photovoltaic/Thermal Solar Collector in Thailand 644

Sirimongkhol Jaikla, Tliipjak Nualboonrueng, Porponth Sichanutgrist

400cm2 a-Si:H/a-Si:H tandem Solar Cell Module with Efficiency Higher Than 9.0% 646

Junming Xue, Huizhi Ren, Jian Sun, Qunchao Guo, Yan Wang, Dekun Zhang, Xiaoyan Han, Guofu Hou, Xinhua Geng

Impact of Solar Spectrum Variations on the Output Performance of Amorphous Si//Thin-Film Crystalline Si Stacked

Photovoltaic Modules 648

M. Toda, S. Nagae. T. Minemoto, M. Gotoh, A. Nakajima, K. Yamamoto, H. Takakura and Y. Hamakawa

The Output of Photovoltaic Systems in China 650

Zuming LIU, Jiehui LI, Hua LIAO, Jingtian LI, Ziying LI, Yonggan MA, Yue ZHANG, Xun MA, Tingjin CHEN

The Highest Efficient Module Made by a Practical Concentrator Technology 652

Kenji Araki, Hisafumi Uozumi, Masafumi Yamaguchi

New Applications of High Efficiency Concentrator PV Modules 655

Kenji Araki, Hisafumi Uozumi, Masafumi Yamaguchi

Formation Light Trapping in HIT Solar Cells 657

Z. B. Zhou, P. Q. Luo, W. Jiang, S. W. Ku, Q. H. Ye, R. Q. Cui

High Conductivity Nc-Si:H Films and the HIT Solar Cells 659

Cui Min, Zhang Weijia, Zhong Lizhi, He Yuliang, Li Guohua

High efficiency HIT Solar Cells and the Effects of Open Circuit Voltage on Temperature Coefficients 661

Akira Terakawa, Toshio Asaumi, Shinji Kobayashi, Yasufumi Tsunomura, Toshio Yagiura, Mikio Taguchi, Yukihiro

Yoshimine, Hitoshi Sakata, Eiji Maruyama and Makoto Tanaka

Numerical Analysis of Microcrystalline Cubic SiC:H/ Single Crystal Si Heterojunction Solar Cells 663

Keisuke Haga, Shinsuke Miyajima, Akira Yamada, Makoto Konagai

High Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 665

Yasuo Chiba, Ashraful Islam, Kayo Kakutani, Ryoichi Komiya, Naoki Koide and Liyuan Han

High Performance Transparent Conducting Oxide Films for Large-Area Dye-sensitized Solar Cells Prepared by Spray

Pyrolysis Deposition 667

Shoji Kaneko

Photovoltaic Properties of Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells-Comparison of Lift-Off and Compression Techniques ....670

M. Diirr, A. Schmid, M. Obermaier, S. Rosselli, A. Yasuda, and G. Nelles

A PEO/PVDF Solid-state Redox Electrolyte Hybrid with Ti02 Nanoparticles for Dye-sensitized Nanocrystalline Solar

Cell 672

Hongwei Han, Jianhua Wei, Jing Zhang, Wei Liu, Kan Liu, Shengxiang Wang, Xiaohua Sun, Conghua Zhou, Jiasheng

Zhong, Kongqi Ding, Kongxian Ding, Xingzhong Zhao

Enhancement in Photoelectric Properties of the Dye-sensitized Nanocrystalline Solar Cells Based on the Hybrid Ti02

Electrode 674

Hongwei Han, Jianhua Wei, Jing Zhang, Wei Liu, Kan Liu, Shengxiang Wang, Xiaohua Sun, Conghua Zhou, Jiasheng

Zhong, Kongqi Ding, Kongxian Ding, Xingzhong Zhao

Photo-rechargeable Battery with Ti02/Carbon Fiber Electrodes Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition 676

Xinjing Zou, Teruaki Nmiyama, Yuuji Horie, Tomoyuki Miyazaki

Improvement of Photo-electrical Property of Ti02 Films by Ar Plasma Treatment 678

Jun-Bo Han, Qu-Quan Wang Xing-Zhong Zhao, Jia-Cheng Zhong, Bing-Ruo Chen, Kong-Xian Ding

18