INVESTIGATION OF CONSULTANTS AND CONTRACTORS PERCEPTIONS OF OFFSITE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES IN PAKISTAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Department of Construction Engineering and Management, National Institute of Transportation (NIT), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.Thesis Supervisor:Dr. Muhammad Jamaluddin Thaheem Head, Department of Construction Engineering and Management,NIT, SCEE, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), IslamabadG.E.C. Members:Dr. Hamza Farooq Gabriel

Head, Department of Water Resource Engineering and Management,NICE, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad

Engr. Mansoor Ahmed Malik

Deputy Director General,NIT, SCEE, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad

Engr. Shahnila Gul

Department of Construction Engineering and Management,NIT, SCEE, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad

Title Slide

Introduction of Student*/33

1.Name Wajahat Sammer Ansari2.Reg No. NUST201261002MSCEE15412F3.Discipline /DepartmentConstruction Engineering & Management (NIT), SCEE4.Date of Admission in Masters at NUST10 Sep 20125.MS Coursework CGPA3.25 / 4.006.Previous Qualification Matric73%FSc75%BE / BSc75%7.Employed atPakistan Institute of Engineering & Technology, Multan8.Progress of Research Paper: Title Submitted toSubmission Date

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONSDATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS*/33CASE STUDY

*/33Onsite Traditional Construction Case study

*/33Offsite Construction Type of construction in which structures are built at different locations than the location where they are assembled (Haas and Fagerlund 2002).Case study

*/33Benefits and Challenges of Onsite Traditional Construction as compared to Offsite Construction BenefitsNo need for careful transportationOnsite changes can be done easily The more expertise are available of traditional onsite construction

(Tatum et.al., 1987 ; Warzsawski, 1990 ; Cart..et al, 2000 ;) ChallengesTakes more duration to complete project Can take High cost Decreases safety performance Can decrease product qualityCan do huge environmental impactIncreases skilled craft workers onsiteIncreases onsite labor congestionResults in low production

(Cart..et al., 2000 ; Endicott, 2000 ; Waskett, 2001 ; Housing Form, 2002 ; Canadian Precast Concrete Institute, 2005)

Case study

*/33Benefits and Challenges of Offsite Construction as compared to Traditional onsite Construction BenefitsDecreases project construction time 65% decrease in project costs by use of offsite construction techniques Enhance onsite safety performance. Higher product quality can be achieved Reduce skilled labor on site 77% decrease has been observed site waste

(AbouRizk and Halpin, 1992 ; Liska, 2002 ; Pasquire and Connolly, 2002 ; McGraw Hill Construction, 2011)

ChallengesCareful pre- project planningTransportation restraints Can decrease operating cost Proper equipment's should be consider

(Gann. 1996 ; Haas and Fagerlund, 2002 ; Blismas et al., 2005 ; Asiz, smith et al., 2006)

Case study

Research Objectives:*/33Case study

Research Methodology:*/33

T tests, ANOVA and Linear regressions

Cost and duration comparison of onsite traditional construction and offsite construction in Pakistan

Case study

Research Design:*/33Respondents ProfileAbout Offsite Construction (Based on Likert Scale)According to Koterlik (2001) for population equal or greater than 4000 the required returned minimum sample size is 119. For this study 140 responses are collected which is greater than 119 T tests, ANOVA and Linear RegressionCase StudyComparison of duration and cost of Project through onsite traditional and offsite construction in PakistanCase studyIntroduction & Literature Review

Questionnaire:*

*/33Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

*/33

Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

*/33Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review Linear relationship of consultants and contractors about offsite construction

Model SummaryRR SquareAdjusted R SquareStd. Error of the Estimate.954.909.904.143.

CoefficientsUnstandardized CoefficientsStandardized CoefficientstSig.BStd. ErrorBetaConsultants1.005.077.95413.064.000(Constant)-.063.381-.166.870

Spearmans ranking correlation =0.999475


Comparison of contractor categories (Scores out of 7)

*/33Case studyIntroduction & Literature ReviewOverall Spearmans ranking correlation factor = 0.6843

Spearmans correlation of contractor categories (Scores out of 7)

Spearman's correlationTransportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques0.9872452Reduces duration0.9995626Reduces workers0.9733882Increases productivity0.9872452Decreases onsite labor congestion0.9930015Reduces environmental impact of construction operations0.9930015Increases jobsite management efficiency0.9872452Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations0.9974805Increases labor savings0.9922841Increases design cost0.9809465Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction0.9489808Increase product quality0.9785671Limits design options0.9733882Increases project design efficiency0.9890648Limits changes in onsite work0.9820838Reduces project cost0.9809465Increases safety performance0.9760476Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses0.9747354Increases overall cost savings0.9890648


Comparison of consultant sectors (Scores out of 7)


Spearmans ranking correlation of consultant sectors

Spearmans correlationReduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations0.99937Reduces duration0.99993Reduces workers0.993001Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques0.999843Reduces environmental impact of construction operations0.999563Increases labor savings0.998583Increases jobsite management efficiency0.997481Increases productivity0.99993Increases project design efficiency0.99972Decreases onsite labor congestion0.99937Limits changes in onsite work0.999563Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction0.99937Increases safety performance0.998583Increase product quality0.999983Limits design options1Increases design cost0.999143Reduces project cost0.999563Increases overall cost savings0.99993Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses0.999843


Comparison of contractor sectors (Scores out of 7)

Chart1

4.44.454.3

4.85.76.35.5

4.255.75

3.64.62.74.5

3.64.35.34.8

4.65.855

3.24.55.34.3

3.64.354.5

4.25.865.8

4.25.85.75.8

4.25.866

3.65.155

3.24.66.75

3.84.54.73.5

4.45.52.75.3

4.65.565.5

4.44.95.34.2

4.25.86.35

4.23.61.33.8

4.23.61.33.8

Residential

Commercial

Industrial

Infrastructure

Sheet1

Ques 1Ques 2Ques 3Ques 4Ques 5Ques 6Ques 7Ques 8Ques 9Ques 10Ques 11Ques 12Ques 13

S. No.Role in Construction IndustryType/Field of BusinessName of CompanyNo. of Projects per YearJob TitleYear(s) in Current PositionExperienceAgeHow does your Company Identify Risks?Which of the following Qualitative Risk Assessment Techniques does your company apply?Which of the following Quantitative Risk Assessment Techniques does your company apply?Does your company currently use Project Risk Management Software?If yes, please indicate which of these Risk Management Software Programs/add-ons does your company use.To what level do you need to process the input data before introducing/inputting in the Risk Software?What type of input you provide to the Risk Software?Is the output of the Risk Software readily understandable or needs to be translated/worked upon?What type of output do you get from the Risk Software?If NO, Please indicate the reason/s for NOT using Risk Management Software.Please rate in order of importance from 1 (most important) to 5 (least important) the following attributes of Risk Management Software/Software add-ons.Please rate in order of importance from 1 (most important) to 5 (least important) the following functions of Risk Management Software.How does your company monitor and control Risks?Client

Consultant

Contractor

Ability to CustomizeUsability/User FriendlinessExtended Functionality/Variety of FunctionsCompatibility with other ProgramsTechnical SupportImportability/Exportibility into other PM Software SystemReportingProbability SimulationRisk/Treatment DatabaseRisk/Treatment ManagementQues 1Ques 4Ques 9Ques 12

Documentation reviewYesProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time Objectives1

BrainstormingNoProbabilistic Analysis of the Project2

InterviewingPrioritized List of Quantified Risks3

1ConsultantConstructionThe Architects20Resident Engineer1.53460Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentSensitivity AnalysisYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseNoProbabilistic Analysis of the Project5442254523Earned Value AnalysisRoot Cause IdentificationTrends in Quantitative Analysis Results4

Cause and Effect DiagramRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpected Monetary ValuePrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataRoles and Responsibilities, Risk Categories, RBSNoProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time ObjectivesReserve analysisChecklist AnalysisQues 55

System or Process Flow ChartModeling and SimulationsProject Schedule Management PlanNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsProject Risk Response AuditsAssumptions AnalysisCrystal Ball (Excel)

Influence DiagramsProject Cost Management PlanNoTechnical Performance MeasurementCause and Effect Diagram@Risk (Excel)Ques 10

2ClientCivil ConstructionDHA Karachi500Asst Executive Engineer2529Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataProject Schedule Management PlanNoProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time Objectives4132525413Technical Performance MeasurementSystem or Process Flow ChartRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Bugs/errorsQues 13

3ConsultantCivil ConstructionThe Consultant100Resident Engineer2627Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataProject Schedule Management PlanNoProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time Objectives45543Technical Performance MeasurementInfluence Diagrams@Risk (Microsoft Project)Limits of SoftwareAdditional Risk response planning

4ContractorCivil ConstructionNida Traders3Chief Executive42260Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planningDelphi TechniquePrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)CostProject Risk Response Audits

BrainstormingRisk urgency assessmentNot necessaryReserve analysisSWOT AnalysisPredict!Not sufficiently tailored for BusinessEarned Value Analysis

Assumptions AnalysisStatus meetingsPareto ChartRisk+ (Microsoft Project)Difficulty of useTechnical Performance Measurement

5ContractorCivil and ElectricalNoble Enterprises5Chief Executive72363Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)No needProject Scope StatementNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsAdditional Risk response planningOthersNot necessaryReserve analysis

BrainstormingRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentProject Schedule Management PlanNoReserve analysisIncompatibility with existing softwareStatus meetings

Assumptions AnalysisRisk urgency assessmentExpected Monetary ValueProject Cost Management PlanNoTechnical Performance MeasurementQues 2Ques 6Perceived lack of Support

Modeling and SimulationsStatus meetingsRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentEntirely dataLack of product knowledge

6ContractorCivil ConstructionSyed Associates4Chief Executive43758Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planningProbability and Impact MatrixPart of the dataPerceived unreliability

BrainstormingRisk urgency assessmentNot necessaryReserve analysisRisk Data Quality AssessmentNo needLack of user friendliness

Status meetingsRisk Categorization

7ClientConstructionCivil Aviation Authority3General Manager51235Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentYesRisk+ (Microsoft Project)Part of the dataProject Schedule Management PlanYesProbabilistic Analysis of the Project5534455444Project Risk Response AuditsRisk urgency assessment

BrainstormingTechnical Performance MeasurementOthersQues 7

8ContractorConstructionAB Associates2Site Engineer3323Assumptions AnalysisRisk CategorizationInterviewingNoNot necessaryStatus meetingsRisk DatabaseQues 11

InterviewingProject Scope Statement1

SWOT AnalysisQues 3Roles and Responsibilities, Risk Categories, RBS2

9ContractorConstructionKAYBEE Constructors12Supervisor2222Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingYes@Risk (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the Project4455544344Status meetingsInterviewingRisk Register3

InterviewingExpert Judgment@Risk (Microsoft Project)Entirely dataProject Schedule Management PlanYesPrioritized List of Quantified RisksProbability DistributionsProject Schedule Management Plan4

Checklist AnalysisSensitivity AnalysisExpert JudgmentProject Cost Management Plan5

Assumptions AnalysisSensitivity Analysis

SWOT AnalysisExpected Monetary ValueQues 8

Influence DiagramsDecision Tree AnalysisYes

10ContractorConstructionFWO50Trainee Engineer1122Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of user friendlinessTechnical Performance MeasurementModeling and SimulationsNo

11ClientConstructionPakistan Cricket BoardAsst. Engineer1125Documentation reviewRisk urgency assessmentInterviewingyes@Risk (Excel)Entirely dataProject Scope StatementNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis Results221124511Additional Risk response planning

Checklist Analysis@Risk (Microsoft Project)Entirely data

12ClientConstructionFWO50Project Engineer1328Cause and Effect DiagramRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseNoProbabilistic Analysis of the Project3144454321Additional Risk response planning

Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationSensitivity AnalysisRisk RegisterNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsEarned Value Analysis

Reserve analysis

13ContractorConstructionAMA Builders & Dev.5Asst. Engineer2528SWOT AnalysisProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the Project4534435442Status meetings

Prioritized List of Quantified Risks

14ConsultantConstructionOsmania Consultants5+Asst. Resident Engg.21041Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the Project5145535555Additional Risk response planning

InterviewingSensitivity AnalysisPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataRisk RegisterYesTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsTechnical Performance Measurement

Checklist AnalysisModeling and SimulationsProject Cost Management PlanYesStatus meetings

Cause and Effect Diagram

15ConsultantConstructionEA Consulting pvt. Ltd.5Design Engineer1224Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Part of the dataRoles and Responsibilities, Risk Categories, RBSYesProbabilistic Analysis of the Project3232244554Additional Risk response planning

BrainstormingRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpected Monetary ValueRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataProject Scope StatementYesTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsTechnical Performance Measurement

Checklist AnalysisRisk+ (Microsoft Project)Part of the dataProject Cost Management PlanYes

16ConsultantConstructionAssociated Consultancy Centre Pvt. Ltd.10Trainee Engineer1123Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

BrainstormingRisk urgency assessmentLack of product knowledge

Checklist Analysis

SWOT Analysis

17ConsultantConstructionAssociated Consultancy Centre Pvt. Ltd.10Trainee Engineer2224Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentProbability DistributionsNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

18ContractorConstructionWaliullah Construction Company5Site Engineer2428Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

Checklist AnalysisRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert Judgment

19ClientConstructionPhilip Morris International100Project Engineer2325Cause and Effect DiagramRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

20ContractorConstructionAtif Nazar Associates2Site Engineer1124Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoCostTechnical Performance Measurement

21ContractorConstructionArma Construction Company2Site Engineer1540InterviewingRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement

22ConsultantConstructionEngineering Associates Ltd.5Site Engineer3529Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentProbability DistributionsNoLack of product knowledgeReserve analysis

23ClientOil and GasPakistan Petroleum Limited10Deputy Engineer6629Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the Project5424555455Additional Risk response planning

Checklist AnalysisSensitivity AnalysisRisk RegisterYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectStatus meetings

24ClientOil and GasPakistan Petroleum Limited10Deputy Engineer2837Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

Checklist AnalysisExpected Monetary ValueLack of product knowledgeReserve analysis

25ConsultantOil and GasExterran Services5Construction Manager12558Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingNoCostProject Risk Response Audits

InterviewingExpert JudgmentNot necessaryEarned Value Analysis

26ConsultantOil and GasExterran Services5Business Dev Manager21438Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixExpert JudgmentNoNot sufficiently tailored for BusinessAdditional Risk response planning

Assumptions AnalysisRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingNot necessaryStatus meetings

Root Cause Identification

27ConsultantOil and GasExterran Services5Supervisor31135Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixExpert JudgmentNoPerceived lack of SupportAdditional Risk response planning

BrainstormingRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingCostStatus meetings

SWOT Analysis

28ContractorConstructionSKB6M D152040Checklist AnalysisRisk CategorizationDecision Tree AnalysisNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement


29ContractorConstructionExecutive Engg Services4M D91842InterviewingRisk CategorizationInterviewingNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

30ContractorConstructionMalani Construction Company5Site Engineer2225InterviewingProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingNoLimits of SoftwareStatus meetings

31ContractorConstructionSKB6Site Engineer3528Root Cause IdentificationRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of user friendlinessAdditional Risk response planning

32ConsultantConstructionEA Consulting pvt. Ltd.5Senior Engineer3832Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time Objectives5444354455Technical Performance Measurement

33ContractorConstructionExecutive Engg Services3Site Engineer2325Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostProject Risk Response Audits

34ConsultantConstructionEA Consulting pvt. Ltd.5Resident Engineer2835Root Cause IdentificationRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpected Monetary ValueYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time Objectives3543545335Technical Performance Measurement

35ContractorConstructionWaliullah Construction Company5Site Engineer3530Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationExpected Monetary ValueNoBugs/errorsEarned Value Analysis

Cost

36ConsultantConstructionDesign and Consult Engineering Services2Supervisor2530SWOT AnalysisRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentModeling and SimulationsNoCostEarned Value Analysis

37ContractorConstructionMJ Construction Company1Project Manager2830SWOT AnalysisRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentProbability DistributionsNoDifficulty of useStatus meetings

Lack of user friendliness

38ContractorConstructionIqbal Malik & Company3Chief Executive52555Documentation reviewRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoCostReserve analysis

BrainstormingDifficulty of use

39ContractorConstructionSBS and Sons5M D32250Documentation reviewRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoCostReserve analysis


40ContractorConstructionBarkat Ali Khaki & Co.3Senior Engineer51242Checklist AnalysisRisk CategorizationDecision Tree AnalysisNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement


41ContractorConstructionThadani Enterprises5Resident Engineer31538Checklist AnalysisRisk CategorizationDecision Tree AnalysisNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement


42ContractorConstructionBilal Builders5Site Engineer3530Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationExpected Monetary ValueNoBugs/errorsEarned Value Analysis

Cost

43ContractorConstructionUzair Engineering Works3Chief Executive42260Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning

BrainstormingRisk urgency assessmentNot necessaryReserve analysis

44ContractorConstructionImtiaz Construction Company2Site Engineer1540InterviewingRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement

45ContractorConstructionAl Sultan & Jamal Construction Company5Site Engineer3530Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationExpected Monetary ValueNoBugs/errorsEarned Value Analysis

Cost

46ConsultantDesign and ConstructionNESPAK20Site Engineer1124InterviewingRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

Not necessary

47ConsultantDesign and ConstructionNESPAK20Resident Engineer12558Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingNoCostProject Risk Response Audits


48ConsultantDesign and ConstructionNESPAK20Asst Resident Engineer21844Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingNoCostProject Risk Response Audits


49ContractorConstruction of RoadsIqbal and Sons-Site Engineer1224Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryReserve analysis

System or Process Flow ChartRisk CategorizationSensitivity AnalysisStatus meetings

SWOT AnalysisModeling and Simulations

50ContractorConstructionMemonai Enterprises2Site Engineer1124System or Process Flow ChartRisk Data Quality AssessmentDecision Tree AnalysisNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement

Checklist AnalysisProject Risk Response Audits

51ContractorConstructionSN Construction Company2Asst. Project Manager1327BrainstormingRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

52ClientMonitoring of ProjectsPnD Dept. Sindh1500Monitoring & Evaluation Officer41640Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning

53ClientMonitoring of ProjectsPnD Dept. Sindh1500Planning Officer T&C21035BrainstormingRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning

Documentation review

54ClientMonitoring of ProjectsPnD Dept. Sindh1500Planning Officer PP&H21236BrainstormingRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning


55ContractorConstructionExecutive Engineering Services5Executive Director81541Assumptions AnalysisRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of user friendlinessAdditional Risk response planning

56ContractorMechanicalConstructionAU Engineering Services4Chief Executive53061Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

BrainstormingRisk CategorizationExpected Monetary ValueDifficulty of useReserve analysis

Assumptions Analysis

57ContractorConstruction Inst & Elec.Delta Engineering8Project Incharge52050Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings


58ClientMonitoring of ProjectsWorks n Services Sindh700Asst Executive Engineer51538Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoCostProject Risk Response Audits


59ClientMonitoring of ProjectsWorks n Services Sindh700XEN32052Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoCostStatus meetings


Additional Risk response planning

60ClientMonitoring of ProjectsPak PWD1500Asst Executive Engineer21136InterviewingNoNot sufficiently tailored for BusinessStatus meetings

61ConsultantConstructionEuro Consultants100Sr. Field Engineer1732NoLack of product knowledge

62ContractorEPCEtimaad Engineering20Site Manager31034Documentation reviewOthersExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

BrainstormingNot necessaryReserve analysis

63ContractorPlant ConstructionDescon Engineering15Civil Engineer1930Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

Risk Categorization

64ConsultantConstructionNDC25Asst Resident Engineer2729Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

65ClientConstructionDHA Karachi100Asst Executive Engineer5831Documentation reviewExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

66ConsultantIrrigationEngineering Associates30Jr. Engineer1630Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryTechnical Performance Measurement

65666666Bugs/errors

134.95384615382.886363636410.454545454535.9545454545Limits of Software

382.23851337352.32510620868.735747633311.6453117912Cost

Not sufficiently tailored for Business

Difficulty of use

Not necessaryAdditional Risk response planning

Incompatibility with existing softwareProject Risk Response Audits

Perceived lack of SupportEarned Value Analysis

Lack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement

Perceived unreliabilityReserve analysis

Lack of user friendlinessStatus meetings

43.16666666673.33333333333.33333333333.92307692314.08333333334.615384615443.46153846153.4615384615

11.64224532181.073086741.30267789461.25575597830.99620491990.50636968350.77459666921.50639661751.4500221042

Sheet2

Question 1

Documentation Review

Brainstorming

Delphi Technique

Interviewing


SWOT Analysis

Checklist Analysis


Pareto Chart

Cause And Effect Diagram

System Or Process Flow Chart

Influence Diagrams

None

Other

Question 2

Risk Probability and Impact Assessment

Probability and Impact Matrix

Risk Data Quality Assessment

Risk Categorization

Risk Urgency Assessment

None

Other

Question 3

Interviewing

Probability Distributions

Expert Judgment

Sensitivity Analysis

Expected Monetary Value

Decision Tree Analysis

Modeling and Simulations

None

Other

Question 4

Yes

No

Question 5

Crystal Ball (Excel)

@Risk (Excel)

Risky Project (MS Project, Primavera)

@Risk (Excel)

Primavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)

Predict!

Risk+ (Microsoft Project)

None

Other

Question 6

Entirely Data

Part of Data

No Need

Question 7

Risk database

Project scope statement

Roles and responsibilities, risk categories, RBS

Risk register

Project schedule management plan

Project cost management plan

None

Other

Question 8

Yes

No

Question 9

Probabilistic analysis of the project

Probabilistic achievment in cost and time objectives

Prioritized list of quantified risks

Trends in quantitative analysis results

None

Other

Question 10

Bugs/errors

Limits of software

Cost

Not sufficiently tailored for business

Difficulty of use

Not necessary

Incompatibility with existing software

Perceived lack of support

Lack of product knowledge

Perceived unreliability


None

Other

Question 11

Ability to customize

Usability/ user friendliness

Extended functionality /variety of functions

compatibility with other programs

Technical support

Cost

Question 12

Importability / exportability to PM software

Reporting

Probability simulation

Risk/treatment database

Risk treatment management

None

Other

Question 13

Additional Risk Response Planning

Project Risk Response Audits

Earned Value Analysis

Technical Performance Measurement

Reserve Analysis

Status Meetings

None

Other

Question

High

Medium

Low

Not at all

N/A

Sheet3

Years in Current PositionMeanStd DevExperienceMeanStd DevAgeMeanStd DevRoleClientConsultantContractorProj/YearMeanStd DevRisk IdentificationDocumentation ReviewBrainstormingDelphi TechniqueInterviewingRoot Cause IdentificationSWOT AnalysisChecklist AnalysisAssumptions AnalysisPareto ChartCause And Effect DiagramSystem Or Process Flow ChartInfluence DiagramsOtherPercentQualitative TechniqueRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentProbability and Impact MatrixRisk Data Quality AssessmentRisk CategorizationRisk Urgency AssessmentOtherPercentQuantitative TechniqueInterviewingProbability DistributionsExpert JudgmentSensitivity AnalysisExpected Monetary ValueDecision Tree AnalysisModeling and SimulationsPercentUse of SoftwareYES CountNO CountSoftwareCrystal Ball (Excel)@Risk (Excel)RiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)@Risk (Microsoft Project)Primavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Predict!Risk+ (Microsoft Project)PercentPreProc LevelEntire DataPart of DataNo NeedPercentInput typeRisk databaseProject scope statementRoles and responsibilities, risk categories, RBSRisk registerProject schedule management planProject cost management planPercentOutput UnderstandabilityYesNoPercentOutput TypeProbabilistic analysis of the projectProbabilistic achievment in cost and time objectivesPrioritized list of quantified risksTrends in quantitative analysis resultsPercentReason of Not Using SoftwareBugs/errorsLimits of softwareCostNot sufficiently tailored for businessDifficulty of useNot necessaryIncompatibility with existing softwarePerceived lack of supportLack of product knowledgePerceived unreliabilityLack of user friendlinessPercentAbility to CustomizeUsability/User FriendlinessExtended Functionality/Variety of FunctionsCompatibility with other ProgramsTechnical SupportImportability/Exportibility into other PM Software SystemReportingProbability SimulationRisk/Treatment DatabaseRisk/Treatment ManagementMonitor and ControlAdditional Risk Response PlanningProject Risk Response AuditsEarned Value AnalysisTechnical Performance MeasurementReserve AnalysisStatus MeetingsPercent

1.52.88636363642.32510620863410.45454545458.73574763336035.954545454511.6453117912Consultant14193320139.2380952381382.2385133735Documentation review411601411812704320118Risk Probability and Impact Assessment30817176179Sensitivity Analysis233386104589Yes1452Crystal Ball (Excel)425250220Entirely data127120Risk Database83236426No141226Probabilistic Analysis of the Project9526223119251901200474MeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevMeanStd DevEarned Value Analysis1781118142997

21.212121212128.787878787950Cause and Effect Diagram34.745762711913.5593220339011.86440677979.32203389836.779661016910.16949152545.932203389803.38983050852.54237288141.69491525420100Risk Data Quality Assessment37.974683544310.126582278521.518987341821.51898734187.59493670891.2658227848100Expected Monetary Value25.84269662923.370786516942.69662921356.741573033711.23595505624.49438202255.617977528110021.212121212178.7878787879Primavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)2010251025010100Entirely data60355100Roles and Responsibilities, Risk Categories, RBS30.769230769211.53846153857.692307692311.538461538523.076923076915.3846153846100No53.846153846246.1538461538100Probabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time Objectives40.909090909122.72727272739.090909090927.27272727271004.05405405411.351351351425.67567567572.70270270276.756756756825.675675675701.351351351427.02702702705.4054054054100413.16666666671.64224532183.33333333331.073086743.33333333331.30267789463.92307692311.25575597834.08333333330.99620491994.61538461540.506369683540.77459666923.46153846151.50639661753.46153846151.4500221042Reserve analysis17.52577319598.247422680411.340206185618.556701030914.432989690729.8969072165100

System or Process Flow Chart62.121212121224.2424242424021.212121212116.666666666712.121212121218.181818181810.606060606106.06060606064.54545454553.03030303030178.7878787879Modeling and Simulations66Project Schedule Management PlanNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsProject Risk Response Audits

Influence DiagramsProject Cost Management PlanNoTechnical Performance Measurement

2529Client500Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataProject Schedule Management PlanNoProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time ObjectivesTechnical Performance Measurement

2627Consultant100Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataProject Schedule Management PlanNoProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time ObjectivesTechnical Performance Measurement

42260Contractor3Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning


Assumptions AnalysisStatus meetings

72363Contractor5Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)No needProject Scope StatementNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsAdditional Risk response planning

BrainstormingRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentProject Schedule Management PlanNoReserve analysis

Assumptions AnalysisRisk urgency assessmentExpected Monetary ValueProject Cost Management PlanNoTechnical Performance Measurement

Modeling and SimulationsStatus meetings



Status meetings

51235Client3Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentYesRisk+ (Microsoft Project)Part of the dataProject Schedule Management PlanYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectProject Risk Response Audits

BrainstormingTechnical Performance Measurement

3323Contractor2Assumptions AnalysisRisk CategorizationInterviewingNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

Interviewing

SWOT Analysis

2222Contractor12Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingYes@Risk (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectStatus meetings

InterviewingExpert Judgment@Risk (Microsoft Project)Entirely dataProject Schedule Management PlanYesPrioritized List of Quantified Risks

Checklist AnalysisSensitivity Analysis


SWOT Analysis

Influence Diagrams

1122Contractor50Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of user friendlinessTechnical Performance Measurement

1125ClientDocumentation reviewRisk urgency assessmentInterviewingyes@Risk (Excel)Entirely dataProject Scope StatementNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsAdditional Risk response planning

Checklist Analysis@Risk (Microsoft Project)Entirely data

1328Client50Cause and Effect DiagramRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseNoProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectAdditional Risk response planning

Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationSensitivity AnalysisRisk RegisterNoTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsEarned Value Analysis

Reserve analysis

2528Contractor5SWOT AnalysisProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectStatus meetings

Prioritized List of Quantified Risks

21041Consultant5+Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectAdditional Risk response planning

InterviewingSensitivity AnalysisPrimavera Risk Analysis (Primavera)Entirely dataRisk RegisterYesTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsTechnical Performance Measurement

Checklist AnalysisModeling and SimulationsProject Cost Management PlanYesStatus meetings

Cause and Effect Diagram

1224Consultant5Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentYesCrystal Ball (Excel)Part of the dataRoles and Responsibilities, Risk Categories, RBSYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectAdditional Risk response planning

BrainstormingRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpected Monetary ValueRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataProject Scope StatementYesTrends in Quantitative Analysis ResultsTechnical Performance Measurement

Checklist AnalysisRisk+ (Microsoft Project)Part of the dataProject Cost Management PlanYes

1123Consultant10Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

BrainstormingRisk urgency assessmentLack of product knowledge

Checklist Analysis

SWOT Analysis

2224Consultant10Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentProbability DistributionsNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

2428Contractor5Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

Checklist AnalysisRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert Judgment

2325Client100Cause and Effect DiagramRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

1124Contractor2Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoCostTechnical Performance Measurement

1540Contractor2InterviewingRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement

3529Consultant5Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentProbability DistributionsNoLack of product knowledgeReserve analysis

6629Client10Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectAdditional Risk response planning

Checklist AnalysisSensitivity AnalysisRisk RegisterYesProbabilistic Analysis of the ProjectStatus meetings

2837Client10Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

Checklist AnalysisExpected Monetary ValueLack of product knowledgeReserve analysis

12558Consultant5Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingNoCostProject Risk Response Audits


21438Consultant5Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixExpert JudgmentNoNot sufficiently tailored for BusinessAdditional Risk response planning

Assumptions AnalysisRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingNot necessaryStatus meetings


31135Consultant5Documentation reviewProbability and Impact MatrixExpert JudgmentNoPerceived lack of SupportAdditional Risk response planning

BrainstormingRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingCostStatus meetings

SWOT Analysis

152040Contractor6Checklist AnalysisRisk CategorizationDecision Tree AnalysisNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement


91842Contractor4InterviewingRisk CategorizationInterviewingNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

2225Contractor5InterviewingProbability and Impact MatrixInterviewingNoLimits of SoftwareStatus meetings

3528Contractor6Root Cause IdentificationRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of user friendlinessAdditional Risk response planning

3832Consultant5Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Part of the dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time ObjectivesTechnical Performance Measurement

2325Contractor3Documentation reviewRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostProject Risk Response Audits

2835Consultant5Root Cause IdentificationRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpected Monetary ValueYesRiskyProject (Microsoft Project, Primavera)Entirely dataRisk DatabaseYesProbabilistic Achievement in Cost and Time ObjectivesTechnical Performance Measurement

3530Contractor5Root Cause IdentificationRisk CategorizationExpected Monetary ValueNoBugs/errorsEarned Value Analysis

Cost

2530Consultant2SWOT AnalysisRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentModeling and SimulationsNoCostEarned Value Analysis

2830Contractor1SWOT AnalysisRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentProbability DistributionsNoDifficulty of useStatus meetings


52555Contractor3Documentation reviewRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoCostReserve analysis


32250Contractor5Documentation reviewRisk CategorizationExpert JudgmentNoCostReserve analysis







Cost



1540Contractor2InterviewingRisk Data Quality AssessmentInterviewingNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement


Cost

1124Consultant20InterviewingRisk Data Quality AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

Not necessary





1224Contractor-Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryReserve analysis

System or Process Flow ChartRisk CategorizationSensitivity AnalysisStatus meetings

SWOT AnalysisModeling and Simulations

1124Contractor2System or Process Flow ChartRisk Data Quality AssessmentDecision Tree AnalysisNoLack of product knowledgeTechnical Performance Measurement

Checklist AnalysisProject Risk Response Audits

1327Contractor2BrainstormingRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

41640Client1500Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning

21035Client1500BrainstormingRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning


21236Client1500BrainstormingRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeAdditional Risk response planning


81541Contractor5Assumptions AnalysisRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoLack of user friendlinessAdditional Risk response planning

53061Contractor4Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings



52050Contractor8Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings


51538Client700Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoCostProject Risk Response Audits


32052Client700Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentInterviewingNoCostStatus meetings


Additional Risk response planning

21136Client1500InterviewingNoNot sufficiently tailored for BusinessStatus meetings

1732Consultant100NoLack of product knowledge

31034Contractor20Documentation reviewOthersExpert JudgmentNoCostStatus meetings

BrainstormingNot necessaryReserve analysis

1930Contractor15Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

Risk Categorization

2729Consultant25Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryStatus meetings

5831Client100Documentation reviewExpert JudgmentNoLack of product knowledgeStatus meetings

1630Consultant30Documentation reviewRisk Probability and Impact AssessmentExpert JudgmentNoNot necessaryTechnical Performance Measurement

ANOVA

RISK IDENTIFICATION Techniques

DatasetGlobalLocal

Documentation Review19341

Anova: Single FactorBrainstorming16716

Delphi Technique160

SUMMARYInterviewing8914

GroupsCountSumAverageVarianceRoot Cause Identification9411

Documentation Review223411711552SWOT Analysis898

Brainstorming218391.511400.5Checklist Analysis12812

Delphi Technique2168128Assumptions Analysis667

Interviewing210351.52812.5Pareto Chart150

Root Cause Identification210552.53444.5Cause And Effect Diagram644

SWOT Analysis29748.53280.5System Or Process Flow Chart603

Checklist Analysis2140706728Influence Diagrams182

Assumptions Analysis27336.51740.5None00

Pareto Chart2157.5112.5Other140

Cause And Effect Diagram268341800

System Or Process Flow Chart26331.51624.5

Influence Diagrams22010128

None2000

Other214798

ANOVA

Source of VariationSSdfMSFP-valueF crit

Between Groups31259.1785714286132404.55219780220.75059322330.69443941112.5072633745

Within Groups44849.5143203.5357142857

Total76108.678571428627

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS Techniques

DatasetGlobalLocal

Anova: Single FactorRisk Probability and Impact Assessment17630

Probability and Impact Matrix1038

SUMMARYRisk Data Quality Assessment6317

GroupsCountSumAverageVarianceRisk Categorization13217

Risk Probability and Impact Assessment220610310658Risk Urgency Assessment546

Probability and Impact Matrix211155.54512.5None180

Risk Data Quality Assessment280401058Other11

Risk Categorization214974.56612.5

Risk Urgency Assessment260301152

None2189162

Other2210

ANOVA

Source of VariationSSdfMSFP-valueF crit

Between Groups15651.857142857162608.64285714290.75597184850.6254763733.8659688531

Within Groups2415573450.7142857143

Total39806.857142857113

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS Techniques

DatasetGlobalLocal

Anova: Single FactorInterviewing11723

Probability Distributions753

SUMMARYExpert Judgment17038

GroupsCountSumAverageVarianceSensitivity Analysis766

Interviewing2140704418Expected Monetary Value8910

Probability Distributions278392592Decision Tree Analysis494

Expert Judgment22081048712Modeling and Simulations805

Sensitivity Analysis282412450None50

Expected Monetary Value29949.53120.5Other10

Decision Tree Analysis25326.51012.5

Modeling and Simulations28542.52812.5

None252.512.5

Other210.50.5

ANOVA

Source of VariationSSdfMSFP-value

Between Groups16433.111111111182054.13888888890.73564990750.6620437035

Within Groups25130.592792.2777777778

Total41563.611111111117

USE OF SOFTWARE

DatasetGlobalLocal

Anova: Single FactorYES5614

NO21152

SUMMARY

GroupsCountSumAverageVariance

YES27035882

NO2263131.512640.5

ANOVA


Between Groups9312.2519312.251.37729709740.3613996051

Within Groups13522.526761.25

Total22834.753

REASON FOR NOT USING SOFTWARE

Anova: Single FactorDatasetGlobalLocal

Bugs/errors163

SUMMARYLimits of software401

GroupsCountSumAverageVarianceCost8319

Bugs/errors2199.584.5Not sufficiently tailored for business742

Limits of software24120.5760.5Difficulty of use165

Cost2102512048Not necessary5719

Not sufficiently tailored for business276382592Perceived unreliability120

Difficulty of use22110.560.5Lack of user friendliness124

Not necessary27638722None140

Incompatibility with existing software214798Other110

Perceived lack of support214772

Lack of product knowledge28040800

Perceived unreliability212672

Lack of user friendliness216832

None214798

Other2115.560.5

ANOVA


Between Groups6511.846153846112542.65384615380.94060.539170767

Within Groups750013576.9230769231

Total14011.846153846225

MONITORING and CONTROL Techniques

DatasetGlobalLocal

Anova: Single FactorAdditional Risk Response Planning10617

Project Risk Response Audits1388

SUMMARYEarned Value Analysis8311

GroupsCountSumAverageVarianceTechnical Performance Measurement10318

Additional Risk Response Planning212361.53960.5Reserve Analysis3314

Project Risk Response Audits2146738450Status Meetings20129

Earned Value Analysis294472592

Technical Performance Measurement212160.53612.5

Reserve Analysis24723.5180.5

Status Meetings223011514792

None2000

Other273.524.5

ANOVA


Between Groups2067672953.71428571430.70301422960.6722819828

Within Groups3361284201.5

Total5428815

Linear Regression


GlobalLocalLocalGlobal

Documentation Review1934141193

Brainstorming1671616167

Interviewing89141489

Checklist Analysis1281212128

Root Cause Identification94111194

SWOT Analysis898889

Assumptions Analysis667766

Cause And Effect Diagram644464

System Or Process Flow Chart603360

Influence Diagrams182218

Delphi Technique160016

Pareto Chart150015

Other140014

None0000

Correlation Coefficient R0.8910087636Correlation Coefficient R0.8910087636



Risk Probability and Impact Assessment1763030176

Risk Categorization1321717132

Risk Data Quality Assessment63171763

Probability and Impact Matrix10388103


Other1111

None180018


QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS Techniques

LocalGlobal

GlobalLocal38170

Expert Judgment1703823117

Interviewing117231089

Expected Monetary Value8910676

Sensitivity Analysis766580

Modeling and Simulations805449

Decision Tree Analysis494375

Probability Distributions75305

None50

Correlation Coefficient R0.9132357809


MONITORING and CONTROL Techniques


Status Meetings2012929201

Technical Performance Measurement1031818103

Additional Risk Response Planning1061717106

Reserve Analysis33141433

Earned Value Analysis83111183

Project Risk Response Audits13888138

Other7007

None0000



REASON FOR NOT USING SOFTWARE


Cost83191983

Not necessary57191957

Difficulty of use165516

Bugs/errors163316

Not sufficiently tailored for business742274

Limits of software401140

Perceived lack of support131113

Incompatibility with existing software140014


Linear Regression

Local

Global

Local

Spearman's Correlation

Global

Local

Global

t-test

Global

Local

Global Calculation

Local

Global

Graphs

Global

Local

Sheet8

Global

Global

Local

Sheet7

Local

Global

Local

Sheet5

Global

Global

Local

Sheet6

Global

Local

Sheet4

Global

Global

Local

RISK IDENTIFICATION TechniquesRankingC1Rank

Reduces duration6.21

GlobalLocalGlobal RankLocal Rankdidi2Limits design options62

Documentation Review193411100Increases jobsite management efficiency62

Brainstorming167162200Increases productivity5.73CommercialConsultantsContractorsdidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)

Interviewing89145324Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.73Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations11000703429301

Checklist Analysis1281234-11Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.73Reduces duration11000703429301233

Root Cause Identification941145-11Increases project design efficiency5.73Reduces workers54116703429300.91428571436 x 1398

SWOT Analysis8986600Decreases onsite labor congestion5.73Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques312424703429300.6571428571n70

Assumptions Analysis6677700Increases labor savings5.73Reduces environmental impact of construction operations22000703429301n(n2-1)342930

Cause And Effect Diagram6448800Reduces workers5.34Increases labor savings413954703429300.22857142860.9959233663

System Or Process Flow Chart6039900Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.34Increases jobsite management efficiency422424703429300.6571428571

Influence Diagrams182101000Reduces project cost4.75Increases productivity21116703429300.9142857143

Delphi Technique160111100Increases overall cost savings4.75Increases project design efficiency13-2424703429300.6571428571

Pareto Chart150121200Limits changes in onsite work4.36Decreases onsite labor congestion22000703429301

Other140131300Increases design cost4.36Limits changes in onsite work18-74929470342930-3.2

None00141400Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.36Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction210-86438470342930-4.4857142857

Increase product quality47Increases safety performance59-4169670342930-0.3714285714

6Increases safety performance3.38Increase product quality49-52515070342930-1.1428571429

6 x 36Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction39Limits design options57-2424703429300.6571428571

n14Increases design cost46-2424703429300.6571428571

n(n2-1)2730Reduces project cost26-4169670342930-0.3714285714

Increases overall cost savings15-4169670342930-0.3714285714

0.0131868132Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses37-4169670342930-0.3714285714

0.9868131868233


GlobalLocalGlobal RankLocal Rankdidi2

Risk Probability and Impact Assessment176301100

Risk Categorization132172200

Risk Data Quality Assessment63174311

Probability and Impact Matrix103834-11


Other117611

None18067-11

4

6 x 24

n7

n(n2-1)336Spearman's correlationCACBC1C2C3C4C5C6didi26 x di2nn(n2-1)

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques17352443-277294374703429300.9872452104

0.0714285714Rreduces duration21111111-525150703429300.9995625929

0.9285714286Reduces workers313481862-3915219126703429300.973388155

Increases productivity46364453-277294374703429300.9872452104

Decreases onsite labor congestion53374314-204002400703429300.9930014872

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS TechniquesReduces environmental impact of construction operations64343336-204002400703429300.9930014872ResidentialConsultantsContractorsdidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)

Increases jobsite management efficiency73286546-277294374703429300.9872452104Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations14-3954703429300.9998425335

GlobalLocalGlobal RankLocal Rankdidi2Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations8243344-12144864703429300.9974805354Reduces duration11000703429301

Expert Judgment170381100Increases labor savings96322863-214412646703429300.9922841396Reduces workers24-2424703429300.9999300149

Interviewing117232200Increases design cost105685667-3310896534703429300.9809465489Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques24-2424703429300.9999300149

Expected Monetary Value89103300Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction11149811698-54291617496703429300.9489808416Reduces environmental impact of construction operations34-116703429300.9999825037317

Sensitivity Analysis7665411Increase product quality128759756-3512257350703429300.9785670545Increases labor savings440007034293016 x 1902

Modeling and Simulations80545-11Limits design options13827611108-3915219126703429300.973388155Increases jobsite management efficiency532424703429300.9999300149n70

Decision Tree Analysis4947611Increases project design efficiency1412354555-256253750703429300.9890648237Increases productivity6241696703429300.9997200595n(n2-1)342930

Probability Distributions75367-11Limits changes in onsite work159687296-3210246144703429300.9820838072Increases project design efficiency660007034293010.9944536786

None508800Reduces project cost16115581073-3310896534703429300.9809465489Decreases onsite labor congestion6241696703429300.9997200595

Increases safety performance17108777105-3713698214703429300.9760475899Limits changes in onsite work7341696703429300.9997200595

4Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses18106869116-3814448664703429300.9747353687Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction8441696703429300.9997200595

6 x 24Increases overall cost savings1995310782-256253750703429300.9890648237Increases safety performance963954703429300.9998425335

n818045Increase product quality10641696703429300.9997200595

n(n2-1)5046 x 108270Limits design options1073954703429300.9998425335

n70Increases design cost11741696703429300.9997200595

0.0476190476RankingCBRankn(n2-1)342930Reduces project cost126636216703429300.9993701338

0.9523809524Rreduces duration6.110.6842795906Increases overall cost savings123981486703429300.9985828012

Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations62Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses135864384703429300.9988802379

Increases jobsite management efficiency5.83317

MONITORING and CONTROL TechniquesDecreases onsite labor congestion5.83Consultants RankingResidentialRank

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.74Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations6.11Consultants RankingResidentialCommercialIndustrialInfrastructuredidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)InfrastructureConsultantsContractorsdidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)

GlobalLocalGlobal RankLocal Rankdidi2Increases design cost5.65Reduces duration6.11Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations1133-636216703429300.9993701338Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations32116703429300.9999825037

Status Meetings201291100Increases productivity5.56Reduces workers62Reduces duration1111-2424703429300.9999300149Reduces duration11000703429301

Technical Performance Measurement103184224Increases labor savings5.56Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques62Reduces workers2589-204002400703429300.9930014872Reduces workers9541696703429300.9997200595

Additional Risk Response Planning106173300Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.37Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.93Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques2311-3954703429300.9998425335Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques11000703429301

Reserve Analysis33146424Increase product quality5.28Increases labor savings5.74Reduces environmental impact of construction operations3242-525150703429300.9995625929Reduces environmental impact of construction operations22000703429301

Earned Value Analysis83115500Limits design options5.28Increases jobsite management efficiency5.45Increases labor savings4454-981486703429300.9985828012Increases labor savings45-116703429300.9999825037

Project Risk Response Audits138826-416Limits changes in onsite work5.19Increases productivity5.36Increases jobsite management efficiency5458-12144864703429300.9974805354Increases jobsite management efficiency8441696703429300.9997200595

Other707700Increases overall cost savings5.19Increases project design efficiency5.36Increases productivity6233-2424703429300.9999300149Increases productivity37-41696703429300.9997200595

None008800Increases safety performance510Decreases onsite labor congestion5.36Increases project design efficiency6136-41696703429300.9997200595Increases project design efficiency65116703429300.9999825037

Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.710Limits changes in onsite work57Decreases onsite labor congestion6264-636216703429300.9993701338Decreases onsite labor congestion43116703429300.9999825037

24Reduces project cost4.611Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction4.88Limits changes in onsite work7174-525150703429300.9995625929Limits changes in onsite work48-41696703429300.9997200595

6 x 144Increases project design efficiency4.512Increases safety performance4.79Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction8248-636216703429300.9993701338Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction810-2424703429300.9999300149

n8Reduces workers4.113Increase product quality4.610Increases safety performance9567-981486703429300.9985828012Increases safety performance77000703429301

n(n2-1)504Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction3.714Limits design options4.610Increase product quality10425-116703429300.9999825037Increase product quality56-116703429300.9999825037

Increases design cost4.211Limits design options10532000703429301Limits design options28-636216703429300.9993701338

0.2857142857Reduces project cost412Increases design cost11477-749294703429300.9991426822Increases design cost752424703429300.9999300149

0.7142857143Increases overall cost savings412Reduces project cost12232525150703429300.9995625929Reduces project cost27-525150703429300.9995625929

Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses3.313Increases overall cost savings121632424703429300.9999300149Increases overall cost savings39-636216703429300.9993701338

REASON FOR NOT USING SOFTWAREComputer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses13367-3954703429300.9998425335Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses711-41696703429300.9997200595

Spearman's Correlationconsultant Rankcontractor Rankdidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)190

GlobalLocalGlobal RankLocal Rankdidi2Rreduces duration5.61875110007034293019856 x 1140

Cost83191100Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.5692307692220007034293016 x 5910n70

Not necessary57193211Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.553846153833000703429301n70n(n2-1)342930

Difficulty of use1656339Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.461538461544000703429301n(n2-1)3429300.9966757064

Bugs/errors1635411Increases labor savings5.307692307755000703429301RankingCommercialRank0.9827661622

Not sufficiently tailored for business74225-39Decreases onsite labor congestion5.246153846266000703429301Limits changes in onsite work71

Limits of software40146-24Increases productivity5.215384615477000703429301Reduces duration71Contractors RankingResidentialCommercialIndustrialInfrastructuredidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)IndustrialConsultantsContractorsdidi26 x di2nn(n2-1)

Perceived lack of support1318711Increases jobsite management efficiency5.046153846288000703429301Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations71Offsite construction techniques reduces the overall project schedule1111-2424703429300.9999300149Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations33000703429301

Incompatibility with existing software14078-11Increases project design efficiency4.923076923199000703429301Increases project design efficiency71Offsite construction techniques increases overall labour productivity2165-10100600703429300.9982503718Reduces duration11000703429301

Reduces workers4.86153846151012-2424703429300.9999300149Increases overall cost savings71Offsite construction techniques decreases onsite labour congestion2233-636216703429300.9993701338Reduces workers8441696703429300.9997200595

26Limits changes in onsite work4.70769230771113-2424703429300.9999300149Reduces project cost62Offsite/construction techniques limits the ability to make change onsite work3868-193612166703429300.9936838422Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques13-2424703429300.9999300149

6 x 156Limits design options4.707692307712102424703429300.9999300149Increases productivity62Offsite construction techniques increase jobsite management efficiency3284-11121726703429300.9978829499Reduces environmental impact of construction operations44000703429301

n8Increases safety performance4.630769230813112424703429300.9999300149Reduces environmental impact of construction operations62Offsite construction techniques increases overall cost savings3559-162561536703429300.9955209518Increases labor savings523954703429300.9998425335

n(n2-1)504Increases overall cost savings4.63076923081416-2424703429300.9999300149Decreases onsite labor congestion62Offsite construction techniques reduces the need for skilled craft workers onsite4445-981486703429300.9985828012Increases jobsite management efficiency58-3954703429300.9998425335

Increase product quality4.55384615381515000703429301Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction62Offsite construction techniques reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations4132-2424703429300.9999300149Increases productivity36-3954703429300.9998425335

0.3095238095Reduces project cost4.523076923116142424703429300.9999300149Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques43Offsite construction techniques reduces negative environmental impact of construction operations4142-3954703429300.9998425335Increases project design efficiency36-3954703429300.9998425335

0.6904761905Increases design cost4.41718-116703429300.9999825037Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses43Transportation restraints (size constraints, transportation cost, and impact on the building structures) limit the use of offsite construction techniques4131-116703429300.9999825037Decreases onsite labor congestion633954703429300.9998425335

Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.15384615381819-116703429300.9999825037Increase product quality34Offsite construction techniques increases labour savings4125-41696703429300.9997200595Limits changes in onsite work76116703429300.9999825037

Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction4.061538461519172424703429300.9999300149Increases design cost34Is the increased complexity of project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction410910-256253750703429300.9890648237Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction49-525150703429300.9995625929

Increases jobsite management efficiency34Complicated computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses57711-204002400703429300.9930014872Increases safety performance66000703429301

Increases labor savings34Offsite construction techniques reduces the project construction cost6687-152251350703429300.9960633365Increase product quality25-3954703429300.9998425335

30Reduces workers25Offsite construction techniques increase product quality6957-152251350703429300.9960633365Limits design options35-2424703429300.9999300149

6 x 180Limits design options25Offsite construction techniques increases safety performance6967-162561536703429300.9955209518Increases design cost71636216703429300.9993701338

n70Increases safety performance25Offsite construction techniques increase project design efficiency6365-864384703429300.9988802379Reduces project cost38-525150703429300.9995625929

n(n2-1)342930Offsite construction techniques limits design options7758-131691014703429300.9970431283Increases overall cost savings65116703429300.9999825037

0.9994751115Offsite construction techniques increases design cost7615-525150703429300.9995625929Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses67-116703429300.9999825037

2978167

RankingIndustrialRank6 x 178686 x 1002

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.31Contractors rankingCommercialRankn70n70

RankingC2RankReduces duration5.31Offsite construction techniques reduces the overall project schedule5.81n(n2-1)342930n(n2-1)342930

Reduces duration6.31Increase product quality5.22Offsite construction techniques increases overall labour productivity5.810.94789607210.9970781209

Increases labor savings6.22Reduces project cost53Offsite construction techniques reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.81

Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations63Increases productivity53Offsite construction techniques reduces negative environmental impact of construction operations5.81

Increases overall cost savings63Limits design options53Transportation restraints (size constraints, transportation cost, and impact on the building structures) limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.81

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.74Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations53Offsite construction techniques increases labour savings5.81

Reduces project cost5.25Increases project design efficiency53Offsite construction techniques increase jobsite management efficiency5.52

Increase product quality5.25Reduces environmental impact of construction operations4.84Offsite construction techniques decreases onsite labour congestion5.52

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.25Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction4.84Offsite construction techniques increase project design efficiency5.13

Increases project design efficiency5.25Increases jobsite management efficiency4.75Offsite construction techniques reduces the need for skilled craft workers onsite54

Increases productivity56Increases labor savings4.75Offsite construction techniques increases overall cost savings4.95

Limits design options4.77Increases safety performance4.56Offsite construction techniques reduces the project construction cost4.66

Increases safety performance4.77Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.56Offsite construction techniques increases design cost4.66

Decreases onsite labor congestion4.77Decreases onsite labor congestion4.56Offsite construction techniques limits design options4.57

Limits changes in onsite work4.58Increases overall cost savings4.56Complicated computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.57

Reduces workers4.58Limits changes in onsite work4.37Offsite/construction techniques limits the ability to make change onsite work4.48

Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.58Increases design cost4.37Offsite construction techniques increase product quality4.39

Increases design cost4.29Reduces workers3.88Offsite construction techniques increases safety performance4.39

Increases jobsite management efficiency4.29Is the increased complexity of project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction3.610

Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction3.710

RankingInfrastructureRank

Reduces duration61Contractors rankingIndustrialRank

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques61Offsite construction techniques increases design cost6.71

Reduces project cost5.72Offsite construction techniques reduces the overall project schedule6.71

Limits design options5.72Offsite construction techniques increases labour savings6.32

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.72Offsite construction techniques reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations63

Increases productivity5.33Transportation restraints (size constraints, transportation cost, and impact on the building structures) limit the use of offsite construction techniques63

RankingC3RankReduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.33Offsite construction techniques decreases onsite labour congestion63

Reduces duration6.21Increases overall cost savings5.33Offsite construction techniques reduces the need for skilled craft workers onsite5.74

Reduces workers6.21Limits changes in onsite work54Offsite construction techniques reduces negative environmental impact of construction operations5.74

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques62Decreases onsite labor congestion54Offsite construction techniques increase product quality5.35

Increases labor savings62Increases labor savings54Offsite construction techniques limits design options5.35

Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.73Increase product quality4.75Offsite construction techniques increases overall cost savings5.35

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.73Increases project design efficiency4.56Offsite/construction techniques limits the ability to make change onsite work56

Increases productivity5.54Increases safety performance4.37Offsite construction techniques increases overall labour productivity56

Increases project design efficiency5.54Increases design cost4.37Offsite construction techniques increases safety performance56

Decreases onsite labor congestion5.54Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.37Offsite construction techniques increase project design efficiency56

Increases design cost5.25Increases jobsite management efficiency48Complicated computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.77

Limits design options56Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction48Offsite construction techniques reduces the project construction cost2.78

Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses56Reduces workers3.79Offsite construction techniques increase jobsite management efficiency2.78

Increases jobsite management efficiency56Is the increased complexity of project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction1.39

Limits changes in onsite work4.77

Increases safety performance4.77Contractors sectorsInfrastrucureRank

Reduces project cost4.58Transportation restraints (size constraints, transportation cost, and impact on the building structures) limit the use of offsite construction techniques61

Increase product quality4.29Offsite construction techniques reduces the overall project schedule61

Increases overall cost savings410Offsite construction techniques reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.82

Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction3.2511Offsite construction techniques reduces negative environmental impact of construction operations5.82

Offsite construction techniques decreases onsite labour congestion5.53

Offsite construction techniques increase jobsite management efficiency5.34

Offsite construction techniques reduces the need for skilled craft workers onsite55

Offsite construction techniques increases overall labour productivity55

RankingC4RankOffsite construction techniques increase project design efficiency55

Reduces duration6.21Offsite construction techniques increases design cost55

Limits changes in onsite work62Offsite construction techniques increases labour savings55

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.83Offsite construction techniques increase product quality4.86

Decreases onsite labor congestion5.83Offsite construction techniques reduces the project construction cost4.57

Increases productivity5.64Offsite construction techniques increases safety performance4.57

Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.64Offsite/construction techniques limits the ability to make change onsite work4.38

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.64Offsite construction techniques limits design options4.38

Increases project design efficiency5.45Offsite construction techniques increases overall cost savings4.29

Increases jobsite management efficiency5.45Is the increased complexity of project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction3.810

Increases design cost56Complicated computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses3.511

Project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction56

Increase product quality4.87

Increases safety performance4.87

Increases overall cost savings4.87

Reduces workers4.68

Increases labor savings4.68

Computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses4.49

Reduces project cost3.810

Limits design options3.411

RankingC5Rank


Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations6.31

Increases productivity62

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations5.63

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques5.34


Increase product quality55

Increases project design efficiency55

Decreases onsite labor congestion55

Reduces workers4.76

Increases design cost4.76

Increases labor savings4.76

Reduces project cost4.37

Increases overall cost savings48




Increases safety performance3.310


RankingC6Rank


Reduces workers6.52

Increases overall cost savings6.52

Reduces project cost63

Increases productivity63

Transportation restraints limit the use of offsite construction techniques63

Increases labor savings63

Reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations5.54

Decreases onsite labor congestion5.54

Increases safety performance55

Increases project design efficiency55


Increase product quality4.56

Reduces environmental impact of construction operations4.56



Increases design cost47




GlobalLocal

Documentation Review19341t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means

Brainstorming16716

Delphi Technique160Variable 1Variable 2

Interviewing8914Mean72.35714285718.4285714286

Root Cause Identification9411Variance3535.0164835165118.8791208791

SWOT Analysis898Observations1414

Checklist Analysis12812Pearson Correlation0.8910087636

Assumptions Analysis667Hypothesized Mean Difference0

Pareto Chart150df13

Cause And Effect Diagram644t Stat4.7852331763

System Or Process Flow Chart603P(T


Spearmans ranking correlation of contractor sectors

Spearmans correlationOffsite construction techniques reduces the overall project schedule0.99993Offsite construction techniques increases overall labour productivity0.99825Offsite construction techniques decreases onsite labour congestion0.99937Offsite/construction techniques limits the ability to make change onsite work0.993684Offsite construction techniques increase jobsite management efficiency0.997883Offsite construction techniques increases overall cost savings0.995521Offsite construction techniques reduces the need for skilled craft workers onsite0.998583Offsite construction techniques reduces onsite disruption of other adjacent operations0.99993Offsite construction techniques reduces negative environmental impact of construction operations0.999843Transportation restraints (size constraints, transportation cost, and impact on the building structures) limit the use of offsite construction techniques0.999983Offsite construction techniques increases labour savings0.99972Is the increased complexity of project planning system the one of the barriers of offsite construction0.989065Complicated computer software for designing offsite construction techniques limits their uses0.993001Offsite construction techniques reduces the project construction cost0.996063Offsite construction techniques increase product quality0.996063Offsite construction techniques increases safety performance0.995521Offsite construction techniques increase project design efficiency0.99888Offsite construction techniques limits design options0.997043Offsite construction techniques increases design cost0.999563

*/33

Commercial (R2 =0%)Infrastructure (R2 =14.7%)Industrial (R2 =1.2%)Residential (R2 =20.9%)Case studyIntroduction & Literature ReviewResults of Regression Analysis

Sector wise linear relationship of contractors and consultants about offsite construction

*/33


Spearmans ranking correlation between contractors and consultants

Construction sectorsSpearmans ranking correlation factorResidential0.994454

Commercial 0.995923Industrial 0.997078Infrastructure0.996676

Name of Project = Furniture houseNo of floors = 4 floor (Lower floor + ground floor + 1st floor + 2nd floor)Country = PakistanCity = Multan*Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

Drawings of project:*Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

Cost comparison of onsite traditional construction and offsite traditional construction:Onsite Traditional cost estimateOffsite cost estimate

*Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

*Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

Schedule comparison of onsite traditional construction and offsite traditional construction:*Case studyIntroduction & Literature Review

*/33Almost 50% consultants and contractors say that 6 - 20% offsite construction is implemented in Pakistan. The prefabrication and precast construction techniques are commonly used in PakistanPossible benefits of offsite construction as compared to traditional onsite construction are:-

1)Reduction in project duration2)Reduction in skilled workers demand3)Increase labor productivity4)Increase safety performance5)Reduction in onsite disruption6)Reduction in negative impact of other operations7)Increase product design efficiency8)Increase management efficiency9)Increase overall savings in cost10)Reduction in labor congestion in site11)Less workers are required in site

Both consultants and contractors agreed that possible challenges of offsite construction as compared to traditional onsite construction are:-

1)Transportation feasibility 2)Limited options for designBoth consultants and contractors disagreed that

1)Project planning is barrier for offsite construction2)Computer software for designing is barrier for offsite construction


*/33


Less duration is the single most factor that is driving the use of offsite construction techniques. And second important factor is cost. From case study, it is verified that offsite construction strategy results in duration and cost reduction as compared to onsite traditional construction.

There is no relationship of consultants and co

Documents

INVESTIGATION OF CONSULTANTS AND CONTRACTORS PERCEPTIONS OF OFFSITE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES IN PAKISTAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY