It is not a matter of IF this is going to happen, but WHEN Every day you are not prepared is another day to PLAN!

Seasonal FluThere are thousands of flu virusesCaused by respiratory viruses Easily transmitted from person to personPeople may have some residual immunity to the virusA vaccine is available

Pandemic Causes global outbreakHighly pathogenic for humansSpreads easily from person to person worldwideGenetically uniqueHigh morbidity & mortality

New influenza virus Little/No immunity in human populationInfects & replicates in humansSpreads easily and is sustained among humansCurrently, there is No pandemic

Avian Flu (a.k.a. H5N1)

Caused by influenza viruses that naturally infect wild birds Can be deadly for domesticated birds such as chickens, ducks, and turkeys Can be transmitted from birds to humansNo human immunity or vaccine is available at this time

Influenza-like diseases appeared as early as 412 BC

First Recorded Pandemic 1580

19th century- three pandemics, including the Russian Flu of 1889

1918 Spanish Flu

1957 - Asian Flu

1968 - Hong Kong Flu

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction number unknown

Over 500,000 U.S. deathsUp to 40 million deaths worldwideMore died in one year than in four (4) years of the Black Death

The most catastrophic pandemic

The attack rate and mortality rate was highest among young adults ages 25-50 years old.The body responds to the infection by triggering the immune system to over respond, which includes an increase in fluid in the lungs. You need to be placed on a ventilator to pump out the fluid.The government is using what happened during the Spanish Flu as an example to help plan for the next Pandemic.

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction number LC-USZ62-126995Over 70,000 U.S. deaths

1-2 million deaths worldwide

Elderly had the highest rates of death

Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, Reproduction number LC-USZ62-126995Over 34,000 U.S. deaths 700,000 deaths worldwideMildest of the pandemics)

*This would not have been declared a pandemic if it was not worldwide

Closed saloons, dance halls, and cinemas

Schools were closed

Banned large crowd gatherings

Prohibited public funerals

Hong KongSource of infection - Close contact with live poultry (sharing living quarters, contact with fecal matter, etc.)18 humans infected; 6 deathsPrevention - 1.5 million birds were destroyed in three days to try to eradicate the virus

Mutates rapidlyCauses severe disease in humansSince 2003 over 300 human H5N1 cases have been reported

Total number of cases includes number of deaths.WHO reports only laboratory-confirmed cases.High fatality rate (61% death rate)For current information go to: http://www.pandemicflu.gov/

Country20032004200520062007TotalcasesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeathscasesdeathsAzerbaijan000000850085Cambodia000044221177China110085138212415Djibouti000000100010Egypt00000018101643414Indonesia00002013554522199777Iraq000000320032Lao Peoples Democratic Republic000000002222Nigeria000000000111Thailand0017125233302517Turkey00000012440124Viet Nam332920611900009342Total4446329843115794428307186

More infected birds = increased chance for human infection

More exposure to infected birds = increase chance of human-to-human mutated strain, which may lead to the next pandemic. This photo depicts the burying of dead birds

H5N1 currently transmits through birds Nasal/body secretions (saliva, mucus membranes, oils, droppings, etc.)Most human H5N1 cases have a history of prolonged contact with sick birds

Currently there is NO pandemic!SB County has a population of 1.9 million. Of those approximately 30% (600,000) may become infected with H5N1.Approximately 5% (30,000) of those infected may dieWe are currently in a phase 3 alert stage which means there has been no or very limited human to human transmission (as determined by the World Health Organization).

Resemble those of the common flu (fever, cough, sore throat, shortness of breath, eye infections, & muscle aches)Increased symptoms include pneumonia, severe respiratory diseases, and other severe and life threatening complications (multi-organ failure)Patients do not get betterSee your doctor for treatment

Adults can shed the virus 3-5 days prior to showing symptomsChildren can shed the virus 5-7 days prior to showing symptoms

Bird MigrationIllegal smuggling of birds and poultry products Travel by infected peoplePeople traveling with virus contaminated items (i.e. clothing, gloves, etc.)

Vaccine may take 6-9 months to develop from the time it passes from human to human

Obstacles:

Limited production capacity

Only a few companies that can produce the vaccine

Long standing technology

New technology

Non-medical control measures:

Risk CommunicationPre-event During event

Isolation of CasesSelf-imposed (shelter-in-place)Mandated

Non-medical control measures:

Tracing and Management of Contacts

Social DistancingSchoolsFurloughing non- essential workersCanceling mass gatherings

Limiting travel

Proactive Education

Planning

Surveillance

Antiviral Medications

Vaccine Development

Health Care Planning

Public Health Interventions

Promote public health efforts in your community & stay informed!

Practice good health habits:*Wash hands frequently *Cover coughs and sneezes *Stay away from others when sick (follow the 3 6 foot rule) *Continue practicing proper handling and cooking of poultry and egg products

IndividualFamily CommunityOrganizationWe need to work together!

pandemicflu.govcdc.govsbcounty.gov/pubhlthsbcounty.gov/pubhlth/prepandresponseFor more information, please call the Preparedness and Response Program at: (909) 387-6280 or (800) 782-4264THANK YOU!