ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap – Brasilia, May 2008 Forum on Next Generation Network Standardization Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009 Paolo

ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap – Brasilia, May 2008ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap – Brasilia, May 2008Forum on Next Generation Network StandardizationColombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009

Paolo ROSAHead, Workshops andPromotion Division,ITU - Telecommunication Standardization Bureau

Bridging the Standardization Bridging the Standardization Gap and ParticipationGap and Participation

Forum on Next Generation Network Standardization

Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009


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5Action LineAction Line Possible MPossible Moderators/Facilitatorsoderators/Facilitators

С1. The role of public governance authorities and all stakeholders in the promotion of ICTs for development

ECOSOC/UN Regional Commissions/ITU

С2. Information and communication infrastructure ITU

C3. Access to information and knowledge ITU/UNESCO

C4. Capacity building UNDP/UNESCO/ITU/UNCTAD

C5. Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs ITU

C6. Enabling environment ITU/UNDP/UN REGIONAL COMMISSIONS/UNCTAD

C7. ICT Applications E-government E-business E-learning E-health E-employment E-environment E-agriculture E-science

UNDP/ITUWTO/UNCTAD/ITU/UPU

UNESCO/ITU/UNIDOWHO/ITUILO/ITU

WHO/WMO/UNEP/UN-Habitat/ITU/ICAOFAO/ITU

UNESCO/ITU/UNCTAD

C8. Cultural diversity and identity, linguistic diversity and local content

UNESCO

C9. Media UNESCO

C10. Ethical dimensions of the Information Society UNESCO/ECOSOC

C11. International and regional cooperation UN REGIONAL COMMISSIONS/ UNDP/ITU/UNESCO/ECOSOC

WSIS Actions and ITU


WTSA-08 : Issues for developing countries


Some inputs to WTSA-08• Some statistics

– Participations– Contributions

• Issues for discussions– Facilitating the participation (remote/in the regions)– Facilitating the understanding of ITU-T activities– Reflecting African countries requirements

• Resolutions related to Developing Countries (DC)• Other issues

– Conformity and Interoperability concerns– Chairman – Vice Chairmanship– Paperless Meeting


Countries attending(2008 Study Group meetings)

05

101520253035404550 Developing

Developed


Number of Participants(2008 Study Group meeting)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300 Developing

Developed


Contributions at the last SG meetings(Logarithmic scale)

1

10

100

1000

Developing

Developed


Facilitating the participation• In participating to the WTSA, developing

countries had a control over SG activities• WTSA role is changing, member states

participating in TSAG have more power between two WTSAs

• Necessity to participate to TSAG and to SGs– Direct participation– Through regional Groups – Through representatives– Using new “remote” technologies


Facilitating the understanding• Many actions have been taken

– Free access to technical ITU-T Recommendations– A manual for beginners has been developed and

updating after WTSA-08 is in progress– Development of guides aimed at developing countries for

help implementing ITU-T Recommendations– Seminars, Workshops, Regional meetings and Forums,

• Presentations and tutorials available online• Audiocast recorded and available online for most events

– Close contact and increased cooperation with ITU Regional & Areas Offices, and Centers of Excellence for events and capacity building purposes

– TSB staff identified as contact point for the Region– Website has been improved, e-flash,…


Facilitating the understanding

• Some ideas of what could be added– What developing countries could do?– Electronic meetings after each SG? To inform the

results of interest for developing countries with Questions and Answers period…

– Regional groups, “Block meetings in the regions”– Flagship groups– Remote participation– What else?


Reflecting regional requirements

• Develop a Question of particular interest for the region

• Discuss the issue in the region– Regional Groups

• Submit contributions– How to submit? Individual member or after regional

consultation?

• Reply to the Questionnaires from ITU-T– Nominating a regional contact point for each SG of

interest


PP-06 Resolution 123 (Antalya, 2006)

Recognizes:

"the continued shortage of human resources in the standardization field in developing countries, resulting in a low level of developing-country participation in meetings of ITU-T and of ITU-R and, consequently, in the standards-making process, leading to difficulties when interpreting ITU-T and ITU-R Recommendations;"


Three dimensional environmentAny TIME connection

Any THING connection

Any WHERE connectionSource: ITU, Adapted from NRI (Japan)

• On the move

• Outdoors and indoors

• Night

•Daytime

• Between PCs

• Human to Human (H2H), not using a PC

• Human to Thing (H2T), using generic equipment

• Thing to Thing (T2T)

• On the move

• Outdoors

• Indoors (away from the PC)

• At the PC


The concept of Opportunity Index (OI) to measure the information society

InfodensityICT capital [telecommunication network infrastructures (fixed, mobile, internet) and of ICT, including equipment (cables, routers, etc),

Info-use

Three indicators:

• Internet users every 100 inhabitants

• PC owners every 100 inhabitants

• Houses and TV sets proportion

disparity


Digital Divide Standardization Gap &

Participation Relationship

Increase Participation & Capacity Building

Standardization Gap & Poor Access to Technologies

Digital Divide ≈ -----------------------------------


The Standardization Gap• The standardization development gap: persistence of the wider

digital divide in ICTs.

• Unequal access to technology and the ability to use that technology

• ability to access, implement, contribute to and influence international ICT standards, ( ITU Recommendations)

• digital divide measures disparities – among different regions (e.g., urban/rural), or – between different groups within society

(e.g., by age, sex, race, income, etc)

• PP-06 (Res. 123) and WTSA-08 Resolutions


Bridging the standardization gap

• ITU-T mandated to bridge the standardization gap between developing and developed countries.

• Action plan established:• Improve standards making capabilities• Develop guidelines• Consultancy• Human resources building• Fundraising• Fellowship


Technical Flyers

• Numbering, Naming and Addressing• VoIP • QoS & QoE • NGN• ASON • B-PON ; CWDM; DSL ; G-PON• Optical Fibres and Cables • OTN ; OTS • Synchronization over packet networks• Accessibility • H.264 ; H.350 • Multimedia Communications • ASN.1 • Security• IMT-2000


Workshops: some activities• Forums Bridging Standardization gap in the Regions

• The Fully Networked Car – A Workshop including Demonstrations on Information and Communication Technologies in Motor Vehicles Geneva, March

• ITU Symposium 2 on ICTs and Climate Change, Kyoto and London, April and June 2008, Next in Quito July 2009

• ITU-T/IEEE workshop on the next generation optical access Geneva, 19 – 20 June 2008

• ITU Workshop: “ICT Standards and Intellectual Property Rights”, 1 July 2008

• Workshop on "From Speech to Audio: bandwidth extension, binaural perception", 10-12 Sep 2008

• Side events at WTSA-08 and IGF

• Participation in BDT Forums in the regions

• Next Forums on the implementation of the WTSA-08 Resolutionshttp://itu.int/ITU-T/worksem


Workshops in and out Geneva

653935212.0060302008

702030132.2033152007

542246192.2841182006

663134162.6147182005

74232682.0731152004

331267242.5736142003

541346112.0024122002

%days%days

outside GenevaGenevaAveragedays/event

Total yearly days

N. Events

Year


Workshops trend

80

70

90

20

60

50

40

30

10

100

40

10

30

20

50

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

% Daysin

outN. Of Days

inout


Workshops in 2008 by Region


The ITU Centre of Excellence

Network

The ITU Centre of Excellence

Network

3 PROGRAMS

4 Prog./5 partners

CoE AMS

OAS/CITELIDB

BELL SOUTHIIT

CTU

Telecom PoliciesNew Telecom Techniques

Regulatory IssuesICT based Business

5 Prog/ 5 Partners

CoE ASP

Technical AwarenessRegulatory Issues

Business ManagementRural connectivity

Spectrum management

Regulatory IssuesBusiness management

New TechnologiesSpectrum Management

Rural Connectivity



Rural Connectivity

5 Prog./2 partners

CoE AFR-F

SFM IIT

6 Prog./2 partners

CoE ARB

ALCATELIIT

Telecom PoliciesRegulatory Issues

Business managementNew Technologies

IP AwarenessRural Connectivity



Rural Connectivity



Rural Connectivity

CoE AFR-E

CTOAirtelIIT

CoE Africa

5 Prog./3 partners

5 Prog./ ? Partners

CoE EUR+CIS

Tech.AwarenessPolicies & Reg. Issues

Corporate ManagementInternet Technologies

Spect Man & Sup.

Strategic ManagementTechnology TrendsRegulatory Issues

Spectrum managementInformation Techn.

CEEBranch

CISBranch

To be define

d

ITU Centre of ExcellenceITU Centre of ExcellenceR.O.Korea

Pakistan

Thailand

Malaysia

Iran

Worldwide Networks


TSB Questionnaire to developing countries on

TSB Circular 213 – 5 May 2008to: [email protected]

It will provide background information on the relevance of ITU-T Recommendations for developing countries and a useful tool to develop strategies able to meet the requirements of the PP-06 and WTSA-08 Resolutions.

Bridging the Standardization Gap


The ITU-T QuestionnaireTSB Circular 213 of 5 May 2008

replies by 13 of June

• Familiarity with Recommendations published by ITU-T• Relevance and usefulness of Recommendations to

Developing Countries• Difficulties for implementation and suggestions to

increase participation by developing countries• Regional standardization “block” meetings as a tool to

facilitate participation from the regions• Seminars and Workshops in the regions• The WTSA Resolutions relevant to developing countries:

contributions and proposal for improvement


Participation


WTSA-08 NEW RESOLUTION 74Admission of Sector Members from developing countries in the work of the ITU-T

• resolves… to encourage the adoption of the necessary measures to enable new members from developing countries to join ITU-T …and other groups within the ITU-T, (consider financial contributions applied in the BDT)

• instructs the Director of the Telecommunication Standardization Bureauto propose to the Council to consider the admission of such category in the work of theITU-T …. and to include its consideration of this matter in the council work for the preparation of the 2010 Plenipotentiary Conference.

Note: These Sector Members from Developing Countries shall not be affiliated in any way to any Sector Member of a Developed Country, and be limited to those Sector Members of Developing Countries classified by the UNDP as low income per capita Country, not exceeding (……US$).


TIES and ITU-T Members distribution

1'531

36

2'064

106

258

49

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

TIES Accounts Member States

LDC

Developing

Developed

ITU Member States and their TIES accounts , June 2007

227102

88

16 09

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Sector Members Associates

LDC

Developing

Developed

ITU-T Sector Members and Associates, June 2007

Need for more participation


Participation

78.4%

20.0%

71.2%

26.5%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

2000 2007

LDC

Developing

Developed

Participants in ITU-T meetings

1.5% 2.3%

Total: 2'987 3'896

4451 56

923 33

331

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1996 2000 2004

LDC

Developing

Developed

ITU-T SG Chairs and Vice-Chairs, 1996-2000-2004


Participation: Contributions

678 contributions

(25.2%)

2'011contributions (74.8%)

Developing countries

Developed countries

ITU-T Member contributions

2007


The Standardization Development Ladder

• Bridging the standardization development gap requires a sequence of steps, depending on the level of:– economic development– local manufacturing capability– local R&D capability– previous engagement with ITU

• These steps can be conceptualised in terms of a “Ladder of Standardization Development”


Capacity-building • to build a national resource base of

qualified engineers able to implement Recommendations

• ITU centres of excellence

Standardization Development Ladder (1)

Growing use of ITU Recs• can be measured in terms of sales or

downloads of Recommendation• should help to reduce costs and promote

inter-operability Growing use of ITU

Recommendations

National training andCapacity-building in

useITU Recommendations


Standardization Development Ladder (1)

Contributing to ITU-T SGs “Contribution-driven” philosophy: to enter into the process and shaping future standards

Growing use of ITU Recommendations

Entering proposals at WTSAon future study questions

and work programmes

Nominating representativesas study group chairs, vice-chairs. rapporteurs, focus

group chairs etc

Submit contributions at Study Groups andrelated meetings

ITU Sector and Associate Membership

National training and capacity-building in use of

ITU Recommendations

Attracting ITU meetingsand/or regional groups

(Res 54)

Going to Study Groups and related

meetings

Entering proposals to WTSA

Determining ITU-T study questions to drive the work of the Study Groups.


Going to Study Groups and related

meetings

Entering proposals at WTSAon future study questions

and work programmes

Nominating representativesas study group chairs, vice-chairs. rapporteurs, focus

group chairs etc

Giving contributions at Study Groups andrelated meetings

Attracting ITU meetingsand/or regional groups

(Res 54)

Growing usage of ITU Recommendations

ITU Sector or Associate Membership

National training and capacity-building in use of

ITU Recommendations

Growing Usage

National Training

ITU Membership

Going to meetings

Attracting meetings

Giving inputs

Nominating reps

Entering proposals

G

N

I

A

G

N

E

G

It’s all about climbing the

Standardization Development

Ladder

It’s all about ENGAGING with ITU and

its membership,

by getting more involved


Regional Flagship GroupsRegional Flagship Groups


Types of collaborationSame time

synchronousDifferent time asynchronous

Sam

e pl

ace

co

-lo

ca

ted

Diff

eren

t pl

ace

rem

ote

Face-to-face meetings

meeting rooms, projection systems, tabletop

computer, flip charts etc

Remote meetings

remote collaboration tools, video/audio conferencing,

IM/chat, telepresence, webcasts, virtual worlds etc

Ongoing collaboration

project management tools, e-calendars, wall charts, shift-work groupware etc

Time-shift remote collaboration

websites, forums, email, e-calendars, sharepoints, wikis,

version control etc


Remote participation why?• To assist in bridging the standardization gap,

especially for delegates from developing countries

• To provide training materials (archived on web)

• To make participation in short meetings more efficient (e.g. steering committees, seminars, rapporteur groups)

• To contribute in reducing carbon footprint


Increasing bandwidth requirements

Incr

ea

sin

g co

sts

Email

Instant messaging

Phone calls

Audio conference

Webcast/Webinar (one-way)

Telepresence

Studio-based videoconferencing

Portable videoconferencing

Virtual Worlds

Remote meeting with shared screen and audio

Web conference with full interaction (two-way)

Segmenting the market


Remote collaboration existing online tools

• Free access to ITU-T Recommendations online (since 1 January 2007)

• TIES access (password protected) to meeting documents etc

• Other electronic tools, e.g., correspondence groups, informal FTP areas on website, Forums etc


• ITU-T trial, launched by TSAG in Dec-07, to evaluate remote participation tools– GoToMeeting: used extensively within ITU for

short (>2 hours) meetings, with up to 30 participants

– GoToWebinar: used for covering Climate Change symposium in Kyoto, with up to 200 participants over 2 days (archived)

- WebEx: one year trial offered by CISCO

Remote participation


• Increasing share of ITU meetings held outside Geneva or in cyberspace– Workshops and symposia, Webinars– Regional block meetings

• Distributed participation in ITU meetings– Broadcast (two-way audio/video) to regional offices of

Centres of Excellence, allowing for local interaction and participation

• Increased use of remote collaboration tools– Full-scale use of existing tools after trial period?– ITU-T workshops in Second Life?

Possible future scenarios


to support, within available or otherwise contributed resources and on a case-by-case

basis the creation of regional groupsSG2SG3SG6

SG12

Resolution 54 : Creation of regional groups


Working Methods and Procedures• Establishment • Leadership• Participation

(Participation is open to any individual expert from a country which is a member of ITU who wishes to contribute to the work. This includes individuals who are also members of international, regional and national organizations. Participation in Regional Group should not be used as an alternative to ITU membership)

• General financing of Regional Group• Financing of meetings• Administrative support• Meeting logistics• Working language• Deliverables

(contributions from the countries of the region, reports, etc. to the parent study group)

• Approval of deliverables• Regional Groups can establish their own rules of approval. • Printing and distribution of deliverables• Progress reports

(Regional Group progress reports are to be provided to the parent study group meeting)

• Meeting announcements• Working guidelines


Standardization “Block” Meetings in

the Regions


From the Questionnaire

1.7 Willingness to host block meetings

Yes; 7; 47%

No; 0; 0%

Maybe; 8; 53%

Yes

No

Maybe

1.6 Usefulness of block meetings

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 2 3 4 5

Not helpful Definitely helpful

Nu

mb

er o

f en

titi

es


The ITU-T “Block” Meetings in the region

•Cooperation with regional organizations: CITEL, RCC, APT, ATU, LAS,…

•One per year per region possibly co-located with the ITU Development Forums

•Topics decided by the membership and transversal to any ITU-T Study Groups

•Official status as generator of contributions to parent study groups

•TSB secretarial support, EDH facilities as any other SG meeting


BE,3

The BK,J matrix concept: any Question from any SGSG A B C D E F G N N+1

Q

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

n

n+1


“Block” Meetings: Pros and Cos

• PROS:

• More participation of experts from the region: study, progress, approval process - “have a voice in global standards”

• Increase of contributions from the region• Lower costs associated (travel/accomodation Region/Geneva) for regional experts• Same TSB facilities available on site: regional presence• Possibility to co-locate S-RBMs with ITU Forums or other events• Potential increase of membership: sector’s promotion• Reduce standardization gap and digital divide increase capacity building • Possibility to reduce Study group meetings duration

• COS:• TSB staff to move for one-two weeks

• Funding / associated organizational costs

• Risk to work on too much regional-oriented standards

• Need to look for co-location with ITU Forums or other events


Americas Flagship Group

• Resolution 123 (PP-06) – Standardization Gap

• Resolution 44 Efforts to decrease the standardization gap

• Resolution 54 Regional Groups

• TSAG to set up a group on the standardization gap


a)Volume of downloads from Recs ITU-T site;b)Number of TIES usersc)Number of Sector members and associates;d)Number of Chairmen and rapporteur from DCse)Number of contributions to the SGsf) Regional groupsg)Flagship groups

Evaluation MechanismsFor the Standardization Gap


Flagship Group Americas « FLAG-AL »

• Permanent regional standards awareness• Training on standardization in the regions also producing

manuals and audio/video material• Support and measure participation in ITU-T activities from

public, private sectors and academia• Translate ITU-T material• Support SMEs• Put in place tools for a remote or direct participation of

experts in ITU-T activities• Creation of regional Testing & Calibration labs• Support participation from Academia• Invite regulators to put in place mechanisms to consider

international standards when preparing national technical regulations


ITU MissionCommitted to Connecting the

World

Paolo ROSA Head, Workshop and Promotion Division ITU - Telecommunication Standardization [email protected]

ITUing…

YES, WE DO !

conc lus i ons

THANK YOU

Documents

ITU Forum Bridging Standardization Gap – Brasilia, May 2008 Forum on Next Generation Network Standardization Colombo, Sri Lanka, 7-10 April 2009 Paolo