Je Me Souviens - afgs. · PDF fileRESEARCH: Thmue Po.4Xqui.n ... INDEX FOR JE ME SOUVIENS WINTER 1985 . ... 16221 Pime 4i.b de Jean po0son et Bmbe

Je MeSouviensA Publication of the

American-French Genealogical Society

Vol IXNo 1

Summer1986

AMERICAN- FRENCH GENEALOGICAL SOCl ETY P.O. Box 2113 Pawbchet, Rhode laLand 0286 1-0 1 13

O F F I C E R S

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B O A R D - O F P I R E C T O R S

Leon h a d i n Lea B u d

Rogeh BeaudtLy Rachel Gaud&

Hemy Patradin Jeanne Thebuuje

Smonne Goaz Janice Bunkhaht

G i . U u Roch Rev. V e n d Boudtteau

MEMBERSH IP: Pad DeRinLe

LIBRARIAN: Janice Bunhhd

P U B L l C l T Y : Jeanne Thebmge

RESEARCH: T h m u e Po.4Xqui.n

EDITOR 0 6 J E ME SOUVIENS: Rev. V e n d Boudtteau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V o h e 7X, Numba 1 - S u m m a 1986 1SSN: 0795-7384 @ A.F.G.S. 1986

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COIN DE NOS ANCETRES: JEAN POISSON by Rev. Dennis M. Boudreau

BY ANY OTHER NAME by Irene A. Peloquin

IMPORTANT NOTICE TO FUTURE CONTRIBUTORS TO J.M.S.

LINKS IN THE CHAIN OF A FAMILY TREE by John F. Co t e

BOOK REVIEW: GERARD J. BRAULT'S THE FRENCH-CANADIAN HERITAGE IN N.E.

by Henri A. Paradis

BLUE BLOOD by Rev. George Christian & Richard Christian

THE CHAPDELAINES by Henri Chapdelaine

RHODE ISLAND GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY

USEFUL ADDRESSES FOR OUR READERS

MA., CT., & R.I. VITAL STATISTICS UPDATE by Rev. Dennis M. Boudreau

QUESTIONS & ANSWERS

LIBRARIAN'S REPORT

DONATIONS TO THE LIBRARY

NEW MEMBERS

INDEX FOR J E ME SOUVIENS WINTER 1985

by Rev. Dennis M. Boudreau

I f one were t o examine t h e o l d e s t f a m i l i e s i n France, su re ly t h e Poisson family would rank among t h e i r number. Raymond Poisson, t h e ce l eb ra t ed 17th Century comedy poet i s a well-known name from those c l a s s e s dea l ing with French l i t e r a t u r e . For nea r ly a century , Raymond and h i s son, Paul Poisson (1658- 1755), a s we l l as h i s two grandsons, Ph i l i ppe and Fran~ois-Arnould Poisson, prolonged t h e renown of t h e Poisson family i n French t h e a t e r , coming up aga ins t t h e s t i f f competi t ion of ~ o l i z r e , s t i l l perhaps France ' s g r e a t e s t comedy playwright .

During t h e 17th Century i s l ikewise noted t h e presence of t h e w r i t e r Nicolas-Joseph Poisson of t h e Congregation of t h e Ora to i r e , born i n P a r i s i n 1657, dying t h e r e i n 1710. A s w e l l , t h e Marquise de Pompadour, who f o r twenty y e a r s had t h e good fo r tune of c a p t i v a t i n g King Louis XV of France, was l i kewise a Poisson: Jeanne-Antoinette. Her b r o t h e r , Fran~ois -Abel Poisson, born and d ied i n P a r i s (1727-1781) was named t h e Marquis de Marigny.

During t h e 1800 ' s, ~ime/on- eni is Poisson acquired a remarkable r e p u t a t i o n a s t h e most knowledgeable person i n t h e a r e a of phys ics and mechanics, whose w r i t i n g s form c l a s s i c works on these s u b j e c t s . With- out a doubt, t h e s e r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of t h e Poisson family were r e l a t e d , o r a t l e a s t , sprung from the same common o r i g i n .

During t h e f i r s t p a r t of t h e 17th Century, t h e Poisson family, t h e family of t h i s s tudy ' s sub jec t , l i v e d i n t h e town of Mortagn,e, then loca t ed i n t h e anc i en t French province of Perche. It was t h e reg ion of Perche t h a t gave t o Canada, we l l over 300

of i t s f i r s t c o l o n i s t s . Tucked between Normandy and Maine a t t h a t t i m e , i t p re sen t ly comprises t h e modern departments of Orne and Eure-et-Loir. From anc i en t t imes , Yortagne has been t h e p r i n c i - p a l town of t h e r eg ion , and was Pe rche ' s c a p i t a l c i t y , a p l ace where counts b u i l t t h e i r chateaux and he ld l a r g e domains.

B u i l t on a mountain and surrounded by deep va l - l e y s , i t was n a t u r a l l y defended i n t h e warr ing p e r i o d s of t h e Middle Ages. Today, i t i s e a s i l y a c c e s s i b l e , a town of s e v e r a l thousand i n h a b i t a n t s , and comrises t h r e e p a r i s h e s : t h a t of Notre-Dame, St-Jean, and Ste-Croix. Notre-Dame, t h e o l d e s t of t h e t h r e e , t r a c e s i t s o r i g i n s t o medieval t i m e s . I ts a c t u a l s t r u c t u r e was begun i n 1494 and was completed i n 1555. The second p a r i s h , St-Jean was begun towards 1600, whi le t h a t of Ste-Croix began i n 1643. It was a t St-Jean Church where our Can- ad i an ances to r , Jean Poisson was bap t i zed , marr ied , and without doubt r e l i g i o u s l y f u l f i l l e d h i s d u t i e s a s a C h r i s t i a n dur ing t h e f i r s t p a r t of h i s l i f e i n France.

I n consu l t i ng t h e r e g i s t e r s of t h i s second p a r i s h , one f i n d s t h e o r i g i n a l a c t of baptism of our a n c e s t o r , a s we l l a s t h e marr iage of h i s p a r e n t s , t h u s , g iv ing h i s descendants on t h i s c o n t i n e n t , two gene ra t i ons of t h e f a m i l y ' s l i neage back i n France. A huge debt of g r a t i t u d e i s owed t o ere Archange Godbout, OFM, f o r secur ing cop ie s of t h e s e e x t r a c t s from t h e o r i g i n a l r e g i s t e r s which fo l low.

Le vingt ~ o d i k o e Jaw d lapvvhie "crud [ -Lte] an ( 1 6 1 7 ) lehan P o A ~ o n eA Bahbe ~ U A X toun d u x cf5 C u t e p m [ - o h a e ] ont LtQ/ ~ n p o u n u " .

Jehan [ o r Jean] Poisson, t h e f i r s t known ances tor of t h e Canadian Poisson family marr ied a t St-Jean- de-Mortagne, t h e 23rd of Apr i l 1611 t o Barbe Broust , be l ieved t o have been t h e daughter of Jacques Broust of t h e nearby town of L O ~ S ~ . The fol lowing year , i n 1612 t h e i r f i r s t son, Antoine was born, a s t h e p a r i s h r e g i s t e r s r evea l :

Le & t i h i h e jam aud [--itel mod e,t an [avnie 16 121 AvLtoine &i& cje Jean Poihaon at Babe &OM$ a a t e b a p a 6 . Lu paim [ p a a i m 1 Anthoine Bouvtrq at N i c o h MotLice La matrhaine J u n e ChUZe.

A s a no te of i n t e r e s t , exemplif ied i n t h i s bap t i s - mal e x t r a c t , it was t h e custom of t h e t imes t o have a double s e t of e i t h e r - two godfa thers o r - two god- mothers. Ce r t a in ly , o the r e x t r a c t s from t h e p a r i s h r e g i s t e r s of St-Jean can cor robora te t h i s f a c t . Exact ly when t h i s custom a rose o r died out has not been determined. But i t was not assuredly t r a n s f e r r e d t o t h e shores of Canada. The des t iny of Jean and ~ a r b e ' s f i r s t son, Antoine, i s unknown. A s he e n t e r s h i s t o r y , j u s t a s qu ick ly does he d is - appear.

I n 1615, a second son was born t o t h e couple.

Le VLngt puaZ%ikne Jouh dud[-Ltel M o h at an (6evtLieh 161.51 UicheL &i.& de Jean Podaon e;t Bmbe & o ~ t a at6 b a p a 6 . Le pain [ p c ~ ~ a i n ] Uichd Tungeon Le june qui. a nomm6 La niatLaine Caonne ~uomu&.

Michel Poisson ' s godfa ther , Michel Turgeon Le Jeune, was a lawyer and Sieur de l a Boursiere , and i s be- l i eved t o be t h e b ro the r of Jean Turgeon, t h e husband of Sebast ienne L ige r , Canadian ances to r s of

t h a t family i n America. The f a c t t h a t t h e Poisson ' s and t h e Turgeon's were r e l a t e d , and i f n o t , then c e r t a i n l y , were c l o s e f r i e n d s , i s p l a i n l y brought ou t i n t h e bapt ismal e x t r a c t of our ances to r , Jean Poisson, t h e t h i r d son of our a n c e s t r a l couple, who was a l s o born a t Mortagne.

Like t h e e x t r a c t of Antoine Poisson ' s baptism, Michel 's a l s o p o i n t s ou t another express ion , pecul- i a r t o t h e t r a d i t i o n s of t h e t ime, i n t h e words I l q u i a nornd" [who named him/her] . I n t h i s expres- s ion , one s i g n i f i c a n t l y l e a r n s t h a t i t was t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y of t h e godparent t o g ive t h e bap- t i sma l name t o t h e c h i l d , and o f t e n t h e c h i l d was named t h e same a s t h a t of h i s o r her sponsor. This no doubt was an honor t o t h e godparent. The phrase I t q u i a nomm6" is r a r e l y found i n Canadian r e g i s t e r s , and was probably d iscont inued when the popula t ion removed t o North America. This second son, Michel Poisson married i n France t h e 6 th of February 1635 t o C l a i r e Esnaul t of L O ~ S ~ .

Our ances to r , Jean Poisson [ J r . ] was born a t Mortagne and l ikewise bapt ized a t St-Jean Church. H i s bapt ismal e x t r a c t con ta ins names f a m i l i a r t o those of u s engaged i n Canadian genea logica l re - search .

Le . t h o h i b e jowl, d ' octobtre aud [ -.Cte] an 7618 Jerm d& de Jean PvAnon eX Embe &ouX a e ~ t z bap;tinZ. l e pantrcLin Jean Guyun qLLi a nomm6 l a rnmaine ~6baA;tienne Ligm.

Jean ' s sponsors were t h e Canadian ances to r s of t h e present-day Guyon/Dion and Turgeon f a m i l i e s . Is it any wonder then t h a t he would be a t t r a c t e d t o f o l - low them t o France ' s newly-formed colony on t h i s cont inent? More w i l l be s a i d concerning our ances- t o r momentarily.

Four yea r s l a t e r , i n 1622, t h e Poisson ' s gave b i r t h t o s t i l l another son, P i e r r e , who bes ides a bapt ismal record , nothing e l s e can be obtained concern ing him.

Le ~ n z i h e JOWL dlapvhie aud [-Lte] [an 16221 P i m e 4 i . b de Jean po0son et B m b e Bmount a a t e bapZ& Le panain P i m e

qLLi a numg La m&ne NicaRe boutand be [veuve] de n i c o h mwm.

I n a d d i t i o n t o t h e i r four sons, Jean and Barbe (Broust) Poisson had a t l e a s t two daughters t h a t we know o f , born t o them. Mathurine, born towards 1628, and Barbe, born between 1631 and 1634. In bravely ventur ing f o r t h t o Canada with t h e i r pioneer b ro the r Jean, where they marr ied, t h e i r names have been r e t r i e v e d from t h e thousands of marriage documents s c a t t e r e d throughout Qugbec. Mathurine became t h e b r i d e of Jacques Aubuchon on t h e 8 t h of October 1647 a t ~otre-~ame-de-Qugbec. This couple r a i s e d a family of n ine ch i ld ren , and by 1666, she had d ied .

Her s i s t e r , Barbe marr ied f i r s t a t Notre-Dame- de ~ o n t r g a l t h e 12th of October 1648 t o gon nard Lucaul t d i t Barbot, of Limousin, France, who d ied from wounds rece ived during combat with t h e Iro- quois on t h e 20th of June 1641. The fol lowing F a l l , Barbe remarr ied aga in a t ~ o t r e - ~ a m e - d e - ~ o n t r 6 a l on t h e 19th of November 1651 t o Gabr ie l (De) Cel le d i t Duclos, a n a t i v e of Normandie, France. Histor- i a n s have ce l eb ra t ed and preserved t h e courage of Barbe (Poisson) Duclos, when i n February of 1661, t h e I roquois had surrounded a group of ~ o n t r g a l r e s i d e n t s without any means of defending themselves. Aler ted , t h e young wife grabbed an armful of muskets and c a r r i e d them, c a r e f u l l y ?midst t h e enemy, t o t h e endangered c i t i z e n s . Abbe D o l l i e r de

Casson sheds l i g h t on t h i s e v e n t Tor u s when h e wrote : "This woman w a r r i o r [amazone] rne r i t s o u r p r a i s e f o r having h e l p e d h e r own, by g i v i n g them a means n e c e s s a r y t o s t o p t h e enemy, w h i l e w a i t i n g f o r g r e a t e r a s s i s t a n c e " .

Where Mathurine and Barbe were b a p t i z e d h a s n o t been a s y e t d i s c o v e r e d , b u t i t was most ce r - t a i n l y a t Mortagne, and perhaps i n a ne ighbor ing p a r i s h t o St-Jean. The r e g i s t e r s t h e r e do however r e c o r d t h e d e a t h of J e a n Po isson [ S r . ] , t h e f a t h e r of our Canadian a n c e s t o r on t h e 22nd of June 1650, fo l lowed f o u r y e a r s l a t e r by t h a t of h i s widow, Barbe Brous t , on t h e 9 t h of September 1654. Both were i n t e r r e d i n t h e p a r i s h cemetery a t Mortagne i n Perche.

THE ARRIVAL OF OUR ANCESTOR --

Before e s t a b l i s h i n g h imse l f a t ~ r o i s - ~ i v c e r e s , J e a n P o i s s o n came t o Canada between t h e y e a r s 1637 and 1640, a t t r a c t e d t h e r e , no doubt , by h i s godfa- t h y , J e a n Guyon. Conserved i n t h e Arch ives of Quebec i s a document which s t a t e s t h e f o l l o w i n g : "An Inven tory of c l o t h i n g [ a p p a r e l ] be long ing t o Guillaume Casenaugue, made by m y s e l f , J e a n Poysson, hav ing beeen t o l d t o make such by Monsieur de l l I s l e , l i e u t e n a n t of Monsieur de Montmagny, and t o se l l [ t h e c l o t h i n g ] f o r t h e h i g h e s t o f f e r o u t s i d e t h e church i n t h i s p l a c e of Kebec." T h i s document, was d a t e d d u r i n g t h e month of August 1638. Two months l a t e r , on t h e 1 2 t h of October 1638, J e a n Po isson "le jeune" a s s i s t e d a s a w i t n e s s t o t h e mar r iage of a f e l l o w countryman, F r a n f o i s Drouet , a n a t i v e of St-Hilaire-les-Mortagne. The s p e c i f i c t e r m " l e jeune" [ t h e younger] added t o J e a n ' s name seems t o i n d i c a t e t h a t a n o t h e r J e a n Po isson " l 'a in /e l ' [ s e n i o r ] , p e r h a p s even h i s f a t h e r , was l i k e w i s e s t a y i n g i n t h e colony a t t h e t ime. I f t h i s i s s o ,

then t h e inventory of Casenaugue's e f f e c t s was drawn up by Jean Poisson [S r . ] . Jean [ J r . ] , our ances tor appears once aga in on t h e 11th of Novem- ber 1639 a t t h e s a l e of t h e e f f e c t s of Guillaume ~ 6 b e r t . Because t h e win ter season was too f a r advanced and t h e r e were no r e t u r n c ros s ings , it is assumed he r e tu rned t o France t h e fol lowing Spring of 1640, a s h i s name and presence no longer

/ a r e seen anywhere i n Quebec:

On t h e 8 t h of May 1644 a t St-Jean-de-Mortagne, Jean Poisson [ J r . ] w a s un i t ed i n marriage by Pere G a l l o i s Aubert t o Jacquel ine Chamboy of t h e pa r i sh of Feings, i n t h e presence of Jean Gadois and Etienne Chulles , wi tnesses t o t h e wedding. J ean ' s b r ide , Jacquel ine , was bapt ized i n t h e neighboring town of Tourouvre on t h e 6 t h of May 1623, and w a s t h e daughter of Jacques and Marguerite (Fauvel) Chamboy.

I f Jean and Jacque l ine ' s f i r s t year of marriage began joy fu l ly , it was nea r ly a year l a t e r a joy t o be doubled, bu t a l s o , shor t - l ived . On t h e 7 th of Apr i l 1645, Jacquel ine Poisson gave b i r t h t o a s e t of twins: Barbe and Louise. S ix teen days l a t e r , on t h e 23rd of Apr i l , we l e a r n t h a t Barbe had died, and was bur ied i n t h e St-Jean p a r i s h cemetery. Her twin, Louise, survived, accompanying he r p a r e n t s t o Canada, where a t ~ r o i s - ~ i v i k r e s on t h e 25th of May 1659, she married Benjamin Anceau, S ieur de Berry, a merchant a t Cap-de-la-Madeleine. Of Louise and enj jam in's marriage were born t h r e e ch i ld ren , two g i r l s and a boy. Louise died before h e r husband, who remarried a Louise Neppel.

P r i o r t o Jean Poisson 's marriage, t h e r e e x i s t - ed a s t rong cu r ren t of emigrat ion from Mortagne t o Canada, a cu r r en t whose e f f e c t s were f e l t throughout t h e reg ion of Perche. I n t h e year 1633, Robert

G i f f a r d , Mortagne's town doc to r , was given the /

concession of t h e s e igneu r i e of Beaupre, on t h e coas t j u s t no r th of ~ u L b e c Ci ty . He had r e tu rned t o France, pass ing t h e w in t e r of 1633-34 i n Perche t o r e c r u i t workers f o r h i s l and ho ld ings . A s a r e s u l t , many f a m i l i e s were e n r o l l e d t o go t o Canada i n t h a t yea r , and among them, Jean Guyon, t h e god- f a t h e r of our ances to r .

Th i s Jean Guyon became t h e ances to r of a l l t h e Guyon and Dion f a m i l i e s i n Canada. On t h e same boat wi th h i s family, was t h a t of Gaspard Boucher, h i s b r o t h e r , Marin Boucher 's fami ly , t h a t of Noel Langlo is and many o t h e r s of our immigrant ances to r s . These emigran ts from Xortagne, numbering 42, s e t s a i l a t t h e end of March 1634 from Dieppe i n a smal l f l o t i l l a of four v e s s e l s . This s u r e l y must have been a remarkable event f o r t h e i n h a b i t a n t s of Mortagne. During t h e ensuing yea r s , r e l a t i v e s and f r i e n d s from home would i n t u r n s e t s a i l f o r North America i n hopes of f i nd ing t h e s e f i r s t pioneer s .

A couple of yea r s a f t e r h i s marr iage , Jean Poisson, persuaded by t h e example of h i s f r i e n d s and r e l a t i o n s , l i kewi se decided t o l eave f o r Canada. Although we do n o t have an exac t d a t e of depa r tu re f o r t h i s couple , i t is q u i t e c e r t a i n t h a t it occurred i n t h e Spring of 1647, because on t h e 5 t h of February of t h a t same yea r , a t h i r d daughter was born t o t h e couple , whom they had bapt ized a t St-Jean-de-Mortagne.

This daughter , Jeanne-Fran$oise, deserves s p e c i a l no t e , a s she was t h e f i r s t person t o eve r make h e r r e l i g i o u s p ro fe s s ion i n both Canada and t h e whole of North America. Jeanne en t e r ed t h e Order of August inian sisters a t t h e 1 ' I f o t e l - ~ i e u i n ~ u g b e c on t h e 25th of October 1661, where she

took t h e name Soeur ~ran~oise-de-la-~rgsentat ion. She made he r f i n a l vows a t Qu6bec th ree years l a t e r on t h e 23rd of May 1664. Here fol low words of re- membrance of h e r , safeguarded the members of he r r e l i g i o u s community:

On lthe 10;th 06 JuRy 16b6, one 06 o m h h t m m e d Jeanne- F tanph e ~ohhon-de-Ra- P&&- e W o n died oQ a k i g h devm. She m u 06 haong chatractm, ~ w e e t arul hincme, vehy active and obedied i n a l l XhuA occupied hm. She wan ptomplt i n h a wotth, v w ~kiee61.Le and q&e C C V L ~ ~ U R , ~ingLLeaheg de- volted Xo ,the Menhed V & h : ZhA h.t which haved h a much i n lthe gheat i n ; t h o k paim utith wkich God kkied h m d o t ;thehe p a x ;thee y m . He temoved them [paim J home a%ne bedohe h a d e d i n a manna ho Loving ;thaA: hhe h m d 6 admined H i m [God]; hhe en- joyed a gteat &nab ad h w d and h p i L t un;tie h a d&, wkich was quite peace,$&.

On the 19th of September 1647, t h e Poisson family had already ar r ived i n Qu6bec. Having accumulated exper t i se i n h i s double t r ade a s a gun- smith and locksmith, Jean Poisson brought with him t o the New World h i s wife, Jacqueline; h i s two young daughters, Louise and Jeanne, and h i s two younger s i s t e r s , Mathurine and Barbe. Certainly, the Poisson family had become a r i c h acqu i s i t ion f o r the young Canadian colony.

Upon disembarkment, Mathurine Poisson found a spouse i n t h e Dieppe carpenter , Jacques Aubuchon, a t whose cont rac tual agreement, her brother Jean had witnessed and a f f ixed h i s s ignature. O n the 5 th of February 1648, Jean Poisson our ancestor sang i n t h e choi r f o r the vespers of t h e dead, and a t the requiem Mass ce lebra ted f o r t h e deceased

Anne C l o u t i e r , t h e wife,of Robert Droyin. "The n e x t day , " s t a t e s t h e XELXTIONS DES JESUITS, "was s a i d a h i g h Nass a t t h e p a r i s h , and t h e r e l a t i v e s [of t h e deceased] were a d v i s e d t o i n v i t e Po i sson , an a r t i s a n , t o h e l p say [ s e r v e ] t h e Mass w i t h P i e r r e , a workman of t h e s e t t l e m e n t , chosen s p e c i f - i c a l l y f o r t h a t purpose . He r e a d i e s t h e b l a c k al- t a r and l i g h t s f o u r t a p e r s ; t h e r e i s no need t h e n f o r our [ O r d e r ' s ] b r o t h e r s t o s e r v e . "

While s t a y i n g i n ~ u g b e c , t h e Po i sson fami ly l i v e d on t h e r u e Ste-Anne, n e a r t h e s t o r e of t h e c e n t s - ~ s s o c i g s . An a c t of r e n t a l was i s s u e d by Mar t in Boutet on t h e 24 th of September 1649 t o t h e widow Anne G a s n i e r , h i s t e n a n t . T h i s a c t ment ions t h a t J e a n Po isson was h i s immediate ne ighbor . But when d i d t h e fami ly d e c i d e t o r e l o c a t e t o T r o i s - ~ i v i $ r e s ? On t h e 24 th of May 1649, J e a n and J a c q u e l i n e Po i sson had t h e i r t h r e e day o l d son , F ran2ois b a p t i z e d a t ~ o t r e - ~ a m e - d e - ~ u e / b e c .

I n January of 1650, i t seems t h a t t h e f a m i l y had a l r e a d y e s t a b l i s h e d a t ~ r o i s - ~ i v i & r e s , f o r on t h e 2 8 t h of t h a t month, J e a n Po isson and h i s s i s t e r , Mathur ine Aubuchon were t h e g o d p a r e n t s a t t h e bap t i sm of Mathur ine P a c h i r i n i , age 18, t h e daughter of a n Algonquin I n d i a n c h i e f of t h e r e g i o n . The n e x t day, January 2 9 t h , J a c q u e l i n e Po i sson was t h e b a p t i s m a l sponsor of an I n d i a n woman, 40 y e a r s of a g e , named F r a n ~ o i s e . The f o l l o w i n g y e a r , i n January 1651, a n o t h e r daughte r Angelique was born t o t h e P o i s s o n ' s , and on t h e 23rd of t h a t same month, J a c q u e l i n e was a g a i n asked t o become t h e godmother, a long w i t h P i e r r e Boucher ( t h e fu- t u r e governor of ~ r o i s - ~ i v i k r e s ) as t h e g o d f a t h e r , f o r t h e bap t i sm of a t h r e e y e a r o l d I n d i a n boy named P i e r r e . T h e i r l a s t d a u g h t e r , Ang61ique was b a p t i z e d t h r e e y e a r s l a t e r , t h e 1 8 t h of October 1653 a t S i l l e r y , and l a t e r e 3 t e r e d t h e U r s u l i n e

\ Nuns under t h e name Mere Angelique de St-Jean.

It i s known t h a t our ances tor had intended t o e s t a b l i s h himself i n t h e se igneur i e of Cap-de-la- Madeleine, because h i s name f i g u r e s i n t h e number of t r i f l u v i a n [ t h r e e r i v e r s ] c i t i z e n s who rece ived from re Paul Ragueneau concessions of land on t h e 6 t h of June 1651. Jean Poisson was given two a r p e n t s f ron tage on t h e r i v e r by twenty a r p e n t s i n depth t o c u l t i v a t e . Robert Drouin and F r a n ~ o i s Fafard were h i s immediate neighbors . It was during t h i s t i m e t h a t our ances tor a c t u a l l y p rac t i ced h i s t r a d e a s a locksmith, f o r t he 24th of August 1651, a f t e r t h e dea th of Jacques Hertel, he was l i s t e d among t h e deceased 's c r e d i t o r s , f o r having i n s t a l l - ed locks a t H e r t e l ' s home, t h e sum of which amounted t o 41 pounds [ l i v r e s ] .

Two days a f t e r r ece iv ing h i s concession of land, t h e 8 t h of June 1651, t h e f e a s t of Corpus C h r i s t i was ce l eb ra t ed i n t h e a r ea , a day which incorpora- t e d a t t h e t ime a Eucha r i s t i c process ion . Poisson, a p a r t i c i p a n t i n t h e solemnity, was se r ious ly wounded when a canon exploded, breakigg h i s arm. This f a c t was aga in r epo r t ed i n t h e RELATIONS. Due t o t h e se r iousness of h i s i n j u r i e s , he was t r anspor t ed by boa t from ~ r o i s - ~ i v i : r e s back t o ~ u g b e c , where he remained i n t h e h o s p i t a l u n t i l t h e fol lowing December, t h e space of s i x long months. I n t h e F a l l of t h a t yea r , h i s s i s t e r Barbe, a widow planned t o remarry Gabr i e l (De) Ce l l e d i t Duclos i n ~ o n t r g a l on t h e 19th of Novem- ber . Incapable of making t h e journey, h i s wife went t o r ep re sen t t h e family, and t o s i g n a s a wi tness t o t h e wedding.

A t t h e s t a r t of December 1651, Jean Poisson was r e l ea sed from t h e h o s p i t a l and began t h e arduous journey by canoe, downstream t o h i s home. While on t h e r i v e r , he was followed by I roquo i s war r io r s who pursued him a l l t h e way t o ~ r o i s - ~ i v i s r e s . He,

however, escaped cap tu re ... a t l e a s t f o r t h i s t i n e .

On Sunday, August 18, 1652 fou r men l e f t t h e f o r t a t ~ r o i s - R i v i k r e s , rowing a t top speed towards Cap-de-la-Madeleine. They were Mathurin G u i l l e t , Boujonnier, t h e surgeon P i e r r e P lassey and a man named Rochereau. I n those t imes , I roquo i s s cou t s were never f a r away, and t h e only way t o escape them was t o out-paddle them. Between t h e two s e t - t l ements , e i g h t canoes of I roquo i s s e t o f f i n pur- s u i t of t h e French, even tua l ly ca tch ing up t o them. I n t h e b r i e f encounter , G u i l l e t and Boujonnier were murdered on t h e s p o t , while P lassey and Rochereau were taken p r i s o n e r .

The fo l lowing day, t h e new Governor of Tro is - Rivi\eres, Guillaume Duplessis-Kerbodot [Bouchart ] , worn ou t by t h e r e i t e r a t e d murders and plundering of t h e I roquo i s , and by t h i s new development, assembled about 50 of h i s compat r io t s , along wi th a dozen o r so a l l i e d Ind i ans , and se t -ou t i n search of t h e enemy. The encounter a t t h e p l ace of t h e f o u r t h r i v e r above ~ r o i s - ~ i v i g r e s ended i n d i s a s t e r . E ight of t h e French were k i l l e d , in- c lud ing t h e Governor; seven o t h e r s were taken c a p t i v e . Among t h i s l a t t e r number was our ances- t o r , Jean Poisson. Af t e r h i s cap tu re , t h e r e i s l i t t l e else t o say about him; t h e remainder i s con jec tu re , based upon t h e f a c t s r epo r t ed by h i s - t o r i a n s . C e r t a i n l y , he d i ed i n t h e f a sh ion of o t h e r p r i s o n e r s of war, i n s t a g e s , common t o t h e t o r t u r e p r a c t i c e s of t h e I roquo i s .

B r i e f l y , t h e s e s t a g e s a r e a s fo l lows: whi le en r o u t e back t o t h e i r camp, f i n g e r n a i l s were p u l l e d out by t h e cap to r s ' t e e t h ; p r i s o n e r s ' f i n g e r s were burn- e d i n smoking p ipes ; t hen t h e p r i s o n e r was s tung i n s t a g e s of nakedness by mosquitoes. Upon t h e i r a r - r i v a l a t camp, t h e c a p t i v e s rece ived a severe beat-

ing with s t i c k s and c lubs , l e f t t o saunter about between t h e l i n e s of madmen; f i n a l l y t h e r e was t h e punishment of f i r e [ t o r t u r e a t t h e s t ake ] f o r most. Women and c h i l d r e n were burned throughout t h e i r bodies by gun b a r r e l s and h a t c h e t s r e t r e i v e d from a smoldering f i r e ; t h e men were scalped, and then had burning c i n d e r s spread upon t h e i r scalped heads. And d e s p i t e t h e i r r e s i s t a n c e t o t o r t u r e , t h i s bar- barism endured u n t i l death. I n t h i s way our ances- t o r Jean Poisson was martyred, f i g h t i n g f o r t h e defense of ~ r o i s - ~ i v i i r e s .

Having become a widow wi th four small ch i ld ren , Jacquel ine (Chamboy) Poisson 5ccepted t h e hand of Michel P e l t i e r , S ieur de l a Perade, a n a t i v e of P a r i s , and t h e f u t u r e Seigneur of G e n t i l l y . Always f a i t h f u l t o t h e memory of he r deceased husband, no c h i l d r e n were born of t h i s second marriage. Af te r having l i v e d a t Champlain on land which he had named "Genti l ly" , i n 1669, he re turned t o r e s i d e on land t h a t was promised t o be given t o him a s a concession. That same y e a r , he purchased t h e Lefebvre f i e f and i n 1671, he bought t h e Marsolais f i e f . On t h e 14th of August 1676, t h e intendant Duchesneau u n i t e d t h e t h r e e f i e f s and e r e c t e d them a s a s e igneur i e i n favor of Michel P e l t i e r . The name of G e n t i l l y was given t o t h i s s e igneur i e .

On March 2 , 1683, t h e S ieur de l a ~ & a d e , Michel P e l t i e r , who had no c h i l d r e n of h i s own, bequeathed t o h i s s tepson Fran~cois Poisson a l l h i s goods, and i n so doing, l ikewise made him the f u t u r e se igneur . Although t h i s a c t d i d not take f u l l e f - f e c t u n t i l Michel P e l t i e r ' s dea th on t h e 4 th of May 1707 a t Champlain, F r a n ~ o i s Poisson, t h e only male Poisson h e i r became t h e se igneur , subdividing t h e proper ty among h i s sons. Frangois married t h e 11th of November 1687 a t t he age of 38, t o Marguerite Baudry d i t e Lamarche, t he daughter of Urbain and Madeleine (Boucher) Baudry. It i s from him t h a t

a l l t h e subsequent l i n e s of P o i s s o n ' s i n b o t h Canada and t h e Uni ted S t a t e s descend. I t i s a l s o F r a n f o i s who moved the s e i g n e u r i e t o t h e o p p o s i t e s h o r e of t h e St-Lawrence R i v e r , where i t was e r e c t - ed a s a p a r i s h s e p a r a t e from ~ g c a n c o u r t h e 24 th of J u l y 1784. With such a h e r i t a g e , h i s descendan ts have much t o be proud.

REFERENCES

[The p r e v i o u s a r t i c l e was t r a n s l a t e d and r e w r i t t e n from t h e f o l l o w i n g s o u r c e s . The E d i t o r ]

Godbout, Archange. ORIGINES DES FAMILLES CANADIENNES FRANSAI S .

~ L A T I O N S DE LA NOUVELLE-FRANCE ( J e s u i t J o u r n a l )

/

S.G.C.F. MEMOIRES.

Po i sson , A r t h u r . G ~ ~ A L O G I E DE LA FAMILLE POISSON, 1647-1968.

Sa in tonge , Jacques . "Jean Poisson1 ' i n NOS A N C ~ T R E S , Volume 6 .

TANGUAY, Cyprien. DICTIONNAIRE G ~ N ~ A L O G I Q U E DES FAPIILLES CANADIENNES.

BY ANY OTHER NAME ---- by I r ene Al ice Peloquin

On September 12, 1984 my grandmother died a t t h e age of 81. Hushed, perhaps by memories of a d i f f i c u l t l i f e , a s w e l l a s by a r a t h e r s e c r e t i v e n a t u r e , she had shared very l i t t l e of h e r family h i s t o r y during h e r l i f e t i m e . Af te r h e r dea th , t h e r e emerged from h e r personal e f f e c t s an o l d newspaper a r t i c l e which provided an abundance of genea logica l information and, no t i n c i d e n t a l l y , shed l i g h t upon a long-standing r i d d l e . I present it t o t h e r eade r s of JE ME SOWIENS because i t ho lds such a weal th of information f o r B r i s s e t t e s , e s p e c i a l l y , bu t a l s o f o r St-Martins, P a u l e t t e s , and a hos t of o t h e r f ami l i e s .

[From t h e PROVIDENCE SUNDAY JOURNAL] January 17, 1926

"CHAMPION QUARTETTE O f RHOPE ISLAM? SISTERS"

Who can b a t ;tkin /tecond? A l l ( o m Living 1Ui;tkin hLf2ng dinitance o( m h ofim, Thee matrkied b m & m , T o t a l aga 314 q w , A U in good heaMh.

Here perhaps i s t h e champion q u a r t e t t e of Rhode I s l and s i s t e r s - champion i n more ways than one. Their t o t a l age i s 314 yea r s . Three of them marr ied b ro the r s . A l l four a r e i n good h e a l t h . A l l four l i v e wi th in h a i l i n g d i s t ance of each o the r i n t h e same v i l l a g e .

The o l d e s t i s near ing 90 yea r s ' t h e youngest i s 72. Their descendants number approximately 200, and they a r e "aunt" o r "grandma" t o seemingly ha l f

t h e c o u n t r y s i d e . One of t h e n i s t h e f i r s t i n a f ami ly of f i v e g e n e r a t i o n s .

I f any o t h e r Rhode I s l a n d community can produce a more i n t e r e s t i n g fami ly group i t w i l l have t o look s h a r p , t h i n k s t h e v i l l a g e of Pascoag. There , i n n e i g h b o r i n g homes, l i v e t h e f o u r : YKS. P e t e r B r i s s e t t e , aged 89; M r s . Maxime B r i s s e t t e , 79; Mrs. Benjamin B r i s s e t t e , 74; and Mrs. P e t e r P a u l e t t e , 72.

Ask a lmost anyone i n B u r r i l l v i l l e township f o r one of t h e B r i s s e t t e s , and t h e i n q u i r e r i s c e r t a i n t o f i n d a q u i c k response . For p r a c t i c a l l y everyone t h e r e a b o u t s knows e i t h e r one of t h e sisters, o r some t h e i r c h i l d r e n , g r a n d c h i l d r e n , o r great -grand- c h i l d r e n .

The s t o r y of t h e B r i s s e t t e f a m i l i e s - of t h e union of t h r e e b r o t h e r s w i t h t h r e e s i s t e r s named St-Mart in , and o f t h e f o u r t h s i s t e r who became Mrs. P a u l e t t e - i s one of t h e most i n t e r e s t i n g nar - r a t i v e s of fami ly a s s o c i a t i o n t h a t w i l l be m e t i n many a day. It i s a s w e l l a unique r e c o r d of fam- i l y e s t a b l i s h m e n t and long l i f e i n a s i n g l e v i l l a g e t h a t can p robab ly s t a n d uncha l lenged f o r t h e S t a t e , i f n o t f o r a much wider a r e a . Here i s t h e s t o r y :

More t h a n 60 y e a r s ago P e t e r B r i s s e t t e , a French Canadian, who had been brought up i n St- Thomas [ J o l i e t t e ] , P.Q. came t o Pascoag, b r i n g i n g w i t h him h i s b r i d e , who had been Mlle . C a r o l i n e St-Mart in , of h i s n a t i v e p l a c e . She was t h e daugh- t e r of Jean-Bapt i s t e St -Mart in , of t h e o l d home town i n Quebec. So charmed were t h e young couple w i t h l i f e i n t h e l i t t l e m i l l town i n n o r t h e r n Rhode I s l a n d t h a t t h e y t o l d t h e i r f r i e n d s i n t h e n o r t h e r n c o u n t r y of t h e i r new home, and s u c c e s s i v e - l y b r o t h e r s of t h e B r i s s e t t e f a m i l y , and s i s t e r s of t h e St-Mart ins , came t o j o i n them i n t h e i r adop- t e d c o u n t r y .

Ties of e a r l y a s s o c i a t i o n and common country and language were s t rong , and a s time went on, two more of t h e B r i s s e t t e s becane husbands of two more of t h e St-Martin g i r l s . The t h i r d of t h e g i r l s , Marie, was marr ied t o Pe t e r P a u l e t t e . Thus began t h e long term of d e l i g h t f u l family l i f e t h a t i s now represented by so many descendants i n Pascoag, while t h e four a n c e s t r e s s e s s t i l l surv ive . The four couples had marr ied e a r l y i n l i f e , and e a r l y marr iages and l a r g e f a m i l i e s continued t o be t h e r u l e . Pascoag would not be a very t i n y v i l l a g e , i f i t contained no more people than can be num- bered among t h e descendants of t h e four f a m i l i e s he re concerned.

Caro l ine , t h e e l d e s t of t he s i s t e r s , who had become t h e wife of P e t e r B r i s s e t t e i n Canada, was t h e mother of 12 c h i l d r e n , e i g h t of whom a r e s t i l l l i v i n g . The e i g h t a r e Mrs. Joseph Deniko of West Swanzey, NH; John and Pe te r B r i s s e t t e of Concord, Mass.; Alber t J . and Michael of t h i s c i t y , Benjamin of Cen t r a l V i l l age , Conn., and Mrs. Alzada Corne l l and Mrs. W.W. Logee of Pascoag. To the f a m i l i e s t hus e s t a b l i s h e d t h e r e have been born 56 grand- c h i l d r e n , 45 grea t -grandchi ldren and t h r e e g rea t - g rea t -grandchi ldren . Mrs. Pe te r B r i s s e t t e h a s been a widow 1 7 yea r s .

Genevieve, second of t h e s i s t e r s , who was married t o Maxime B r i s s e t t e , had 15 ch i ld ren . Only fou r of t h e s e , however, a r e l i v i n g - M r s . Cyrus Dominick, M r s . Joseph Gendreau and M r s . Eva LeDouke of Pascoag, and M r s . Mary Morse of Glendale. There a r e 12 grandchi ldren and four great-grandchi ldren. Genevieve's husband d ied a number of y e a r s ago.

Alexandrina, who became t h e b r i d e of Benjamin B r i s s e t t e , had 15 c h i l d r e n , of whom 9 a r e l i v i n g . These are P e t e r , Michael and Fred B r i s s e t t e of t h i s

c i t y , Archie B r i s s e t t e of Pawtucket, John Bap t i s t Brissette of Rockvil le , Conn., Mrs. Walter DeCota and Mrs. Joseph Macclase of Pascoag and M r s . Joseph Dennis of Woonsocket. Alexandrina, who was known f o r s h o r t a s "Sandrina", h a s 25 grandchi ldren and 12 great-grandchi ldren.

M r s . P a u l e t t e , t h e only one of t h e q u a r t e t of s i s t e r s whose husband i s s t i l l l i v i n g , i s t h e mo- t h e r of 1 2 c h i l d r e n , f i v e of whom a r e l i v i n g . Her c h i l d r e n a r e Mrs. John Quinn of Oxford, Me., and Henry P a u l e t t e , M i s s Glory P a u l e t t e , Archie P a u l e t t e and Pe te r P a u l e t t e , a l l of Pascoag.

A l l four of t h e s i s t e r s bear t h e i r age we l l . They hear we l l , and have l i t t l e need of g l a s s e s . Their knowledge of t h e English language i s l i m i t e d , but i n t h e i r n a t i v e Canadian French they converse animatedly toge the r , and show l i t t l e i f any t r a c e s of deafness . I f t h e r e i s any d i f f e r e n c e i n t h e i r genera l cond i t i on of good h e a l t h , it is i n favor of t h e o lde r ones of t h e family, e s p e c i a l l y , Caro l ine , who i s appraoching he r 90th mi les tone .

On New Year 's Day, t h i s year , she ce l eb ra t ed t h e advent of a new year i n t h e calendar by dancing a few s t e p s t o a l i v e l y tune t h a t was played on t h e phonograph. She r e c e n t l y made an extended v i s i t t o one of h e r descendants , and in t ends t o make an- o t h e r soon. A l l t h e s i s t e r s enjoy automobiling, and a r e never a f r a i d of going away from home.

The s i s t e r s a r e g r e a t k n i t t e r s , and accomplish- ment t h a t i s common among t h e o l d French Canadian people, who produce such wonderful l a c e . Carol ine looks back proudly t o he r record of k n i t t i n g socks f o r t h e s o l d i e r s during t h e World War. Specimens of t h e remarkable l a c e a r e many i n t h e possess ion of t h e B r i s s e t t e s and Paulet tes:

The B r i s s e t t e s a r e a s proud of t h e i r numbers and fami ly a s s o c i a t i o n s as t h e y are of t h e i r long- l i v e d a n c e s t r e s s e s . F ive members of t h e fami ly were i n t h e s e r v i c e of t h e i r coun t ry d u r i n g t h e World War, coming home unharmed. Two members o f t h e f a m i l y , W i l f r e d M. and Edward F . Brissette, a r e members of t h e Providence f i r e depar tment .

An Addendum -

Do you remember t h e t e l e v i s i o n ad f e a t u r i n g Raymond J . Johnson: "You can c a l l me Ray. You can c a l l me J . . ." , e t c . ? Sometimes, g e n e a l o g i c a l re- s e a r c h seems j u s t l i k e t h a t , a s i l l y s t r i n g of v a r i a t i o n s on a name, l a s t and f i r s t . I ' m now ac- customed t o t h e f o u r o r f i v e v e r s i o n s o f most su r - names, and I h a r d l y f l i n c h when Theophi le becomes C h r i s o r Cleodulphe becomes John, though d u r i n g r e s e a r c h , t h i s can c r e a t e o c c a s i o n a l r i d d l e s . One r i d d l e n e a r l y had m e stumped: a b i r t h c e r t i f i c a t e f o r Genevieve Alexandr ina C e c e l i a Leduke, i s s u e d t o my grandmother (who was a l s o my godmother; a f t e r whom I am named) .

With t h e h e l p of my g r e a t - a u n t V i o l a , my mother , some pho tographs and t h e p r e c e d i n g a r t i c l e I have t h e answer. I t h i n k .

Genevieve and Maxime B r i s s e t t e [who i n c i d e n t - a l l y , was t h e seven th son of a seven th son , and s a i d t o have had s p e c i a l h e a l i n g powers] were known as Sarah and Michael . T h e i r d a u g h t e r , Mrs. Eva -- C e c e l i a LeDouke had t h r e e c h i l d r e n , among them a - d a u g h t e r . - Mrs. Joseph Gendreau (Alexandr ina Br i s se t t e -Gendron) , a s godmother and a u n t of t h e c h i l d , chose h e r name: Genevieve, a f t e r t h e grandmother ; Alexandr ina , pe rhaps a f t e r h e r s e l f ; and C e c e l i a , a f t e r t h e m o t h e r ' s middle name.

Mrs. Eva LeDouke [ a c t u a l l y Leduke o r Ledoux] -- d i d n ' t l i k e any of those names, and simply c a l l e d he r daughter 1;ene because she l i k e d it, - I ronic- a l l y , t h e g i r l (my grandmother) was u l t i m a t e l y r a i s e d by t h e aunt who named h e r Genevieve, bu t by then , even she c a l l e d h e r ne i ce , I rene . My mother ( I r e n e ' s daughter ) , whose name i s Blanche Cece l ia , c a l l s h e r s e l f "Lyn" and named me Irene- a f t e r my grandmother, whose r e a l name was Genevieve.

Got t h a t ? I'm no t s u r e I want t o ask who Cece l ia was.

CONTRIBUTORS TO JE ME SOUVIENS

We atre auhe ;tha;t you atre w& awahe, putting t k i n jomnal togdm i~ no eany buX: & ad un invoLved with JE ME SOUVTENS tkanh you doh the 6igni~icavLt conthibu;tiom you have made and evident ehun icum you ahow i n aubmi;t.ting atLticRen don pub- ficcuXon. We a m have many mOhe t o chaone dhom, which cttiee dind th& way i n t o @-tme A a u a 0 4 t k i n pubficcl;tion.. .ao, i d y o ~ han not appmed yeA, p t u e be patient- i.t w i l l be pninted.

Becaune t k i n iA a ;time-conmning eddotr;t, XhaA you might h d p un mUhe a o , we an h t h d anyone plan- ning Xu send ~ l n atLticte~ dotr i n c t u h n i n d W e h a u e s , t o pleane uvLCte Xu lthe E&oh od ;tkin mag- azine doh a fine guide and imR;rrudom. JE ME SOUVlENS iA ptruentty phepahed i n camet~a-heady copy doh o m phidm. 76 you me able Xu help un save ;time and edaoa by madying yam own cvLti&e doh pubfica;tion, w o d d be g/rua%y appheciak~d by o m atadd. Again, om aincme Jthanh! ! !

LINKS IN THE C H A I N OF A FAMILY TREE ------ /

by John F. Cote, Jr.

While doing our family t r e e , I was impeded by the name of my grea t -grandfa ther , a c e r t a i n Jean- Charles ~ o t 6 . Possessing only the o r a l t r a d i t i o n of my f a t h e r and h i s family a s t o t h e name of t h e i r g randfa ther , Jean-Charles, it seemed a s though I could pursue t h i s l i n e no f u r t h e r . The main reason f o r t h i s genea logica l b lock was t h a t i n loca- t ing my great-grandmother , Marie-~e/n$rande Brodeur , who married my ances to r on t h e 23rd of February 1846 a t St-Damase, PQ, t h e document of marriage s t a t e d h i s name t o be Jean-Baptis te cot&, and not Jean-Charles, f o r whom I so d i l i g e n t l y searched. This man was t h e son of Charles co t6 and Catherine Boisver t , who were marr ied a t Notre-Dame-de-St- Hyacinthe on t h e 16th of January 1809. Their son was born i n March 1810 a t s t - ~ g s a i r e . Thus, t h e ques t ion was, who d id my great-grandmother r e a l l y marry? The Jean-Charles of o r a l t r a d i t i o n ? O r t h e Jean-Baptis te s t a t e d i n t h e document? And were they one i n t h e same?

TRADITION VS. FACT

Requestioning t h e seven l i v i n g a u n t s and unc le s a s t o the r e a l name of t h e i r g randfa the r , they a l l once aga in agreed t h a t t h e i r g r a n d f a t h e r ' s name was indeed Jean-Charles. One remarked, "Why Grandma always c a l l e d him "Charlo"(Char1ie i n English) when she mentioned him. Also, M a always c a l l e d him Charlo, and she knew him well . ' ' Her father- in- law l i v e d with Pa on t h e farm i n Weeden, ~ u g b e c f o r some yea r s . So, according t o them, Jean-Charles was

t h e i r g randfa ther , and who t h i s Jean-Baptis te was, they d id not know, nor ca re . What was I t o do? The l i v i n g a u n t s and unc le s were too formidable f o r me t o f ace with a weak and unproven s tatement , a s I had j u s t s t a r t e d t o r e sea rch t h e family when t h i s a l l happened, and I had t o l e a r n t h e hard way.

Some time l a t e r , I rece ived a dea th c e r t i f i c a t e from t h e l o c a l town h a l l regard ing t h e death of one of Jean-Charles' sons, and t h e r e on t h e c e r t i f - i c a t e , was t h e name of h i s f a t h e r , given a s Jean- B a p t i s t e cot;, born March 1810 a t s t - ~ L s a i r e . Now I r e a l l y had a problem. I r e a l i z e d t h a t Jean- Charles and Jean-Baptis te had t o be t h e same man, - but how could it be proven?

I n con tac t ing a t h i r d cousin of ou r s i n Canada, I l ea rned t h a t they had had t h e i r genealogy r e - searched by t h e I n s t i t u t Drouin of ~ o n t r g a l . He was a descendant from one of Grandfa ther ' s bro- t h e r s . Thanks t o t h i s genea logica l compilat ion, the mystery was solved. H i s great-grandmother was l ikewise , ~ a r ie-ve/n<rande Brodeur , t h e mother of my grandfa ther . She had married a Jean-Baptis te co t6 i n 1846 i n t h e p a r i s h of St-Damase, ~ u g b e c . Now t h a t I had t h e Jean-Baptis te pinpointed by both a death c e r t i f i c a t e a s w e l l a s a marr iage record , a l l t h e d a t a I had compiled up u n t i l t h a t t ime, f i t t oge the r q u i t e we l l , bu t what about t h e Jean- Charles t h a t everyone maintained was our ances tor? It was indeed a dilemna which caused me much an- guish.

With some t r e p i d a t i o n , I aga in approached t h e r e l a t i v e s and i n s i s t e d t h a t t h e i r g rad fa the r was named Jean-Baptis te and - not Jean-Charles. I fu r -

t h e r main ta ined t h a t he was t h e m i s s i n g g r e a t - g r a n d f a t h e r t h a t I had sea rched f o r . I n a d d i t i o n , I o f f e r e d proof 5 y showing them t h a t ~ L n g r a n d e Brodeur was h i s secocd w i f e , something u n d i s p u t e d by them. Also t h a t t h e i r a u n t s and u n c l e s from t h e f i r s t m a r r i a g e of t h e i r g r a n d f a t h e r a lways mentioned t h a t t h e i r f a t h e r had been c a l l e d Jean- B a p t i s t e . L ikewise , t h a t t h e i r f a t h e r , Jean-Bap- t i s t e was named a f t e r h i s f a t h e r , he b e i n g t h e o l d e s t son of t h e f i r s t m a r r i a g e of J e a n - B a p t i s t e and Cordule (Charron) cot;.

A f t e r p r e s e n t i n g a l l my arguments , t h e y f i n a l l y agreed t h a t maybe Grandmother had ~ . a r r i e d a Jean- B a p t i s t e and n o t a Jean-Char les a f t e r a l l . Some headway had been made, b u t c e r t a i n l y n o t enough t o r e a l l y convince them. Some of the^ r e f u s e d t o acknowledge t h a t J e a n - B a p t i s t e was t h e i r g r a n d f a t h e r , i n s i s t i n g t h a t t h e o t h e r one , Jean-Char les , was r i g h t f u l l y t h e i r a n c e s t o r . A t t h i s p o i n t , my re- s e a r c h was r i d i c u l e d , t h a t I d i d n ' t know what I was t a l k i n g a b o u t , o r t h a t t h e f a c t s were a l l wrong.

Sometimes, f a t e and l u c k can be s t r a n g e com- p a n i o n s . S h o r t l y a f t e r w a r d s , I happened t o m e e t a second c o u s i n , i n h e r e i g h t i e s , who remembered v i - v i d l y h e r g r a n d f a t h e r l i v i n g w i t h h e r p a r e n t s on t h e i r farm i n Lisbon, Connec t icu t d u r i n g t h e l a t e 1890's. Her mother was h i s d a u g h t e r . She t u r n e d o u t t o be a n e x p e r t on t h e f a m i l y and t h a n k s t o a keen memory, s p e n t h o u r s w i t h m e , f i l l i n g i n de- t a i l s and t e l l i n g s t o r i e s , o f which about 95% had later proved t r u e . Without h e r i n p u t , I would n o t have been a b l e t o assemble o u r f a m i l y h i s t o r y , a s I have i t now.

Another d i f f i c u l t y i n r e s e a r c h i n g stemmed from

t h e f a c t t h a t both my grea t -grandfa ther , a s w e l l a s my grandfa ther , had both marr ied twice , had a t o t a l of 32 c h i l d r e n between each genera t ion , and had named some of t h e i r c h i l d r e n the same names a s i n t h e e a r l i e r genera t ion . This was l ikewise a major source of confusion.

F i n a l l y , a t a family reunion, every th ing was solved. The daughter of my grea t -grandfa ther ' s o l d e s t son, Jean-Baptis te , who was i n he r n i n e t i e s a r r i v e d f o r t h e f e s t i v i t i e s . Marie-Rose s t a t e d t h a t r e g a r d l e s s of what t h e family s a i d , he r grand- f a t h e r was named Jean-Baptis te , and t h a t he had d i ed i n he r f a t h e r ' s house on t h e i r farm i n Weedon, a t t h e age of 96 y e a r s and f i v e months. I n f a c t , she was t h e r e when he d i ed from choking on a ho t doughnut a t t h e b r e a k f a s t t a b l e . A s f o r a Jean- Charles , t h e r e s t of t h e family was wrong. S i lence on t h e mat te r re igned supreme f o r some t i m e . She then mentioned t h a t t h e Jean-Charles of which everyone spoke, was Jean-Bapt i s te ' s b ro the r , who went west i n t h e 1880's and had never been heard from again . With t h a t mystery cleared-up and a l l acknowledging t h e r e a l f a c t s , a l l t h e documented information and accumulated fami ly h i s t o r y came toge the r . I was p leased and congra tu la ted by t h e family, and had f i n a l l y gained some r e s p e c t a b i l i t y on t h e family h i s t o r y .

/ The c h i l d r e n of Charles COTE and Catherine BOISVERT a r e as fol lows:

1. Jean-Charles, m. 18/9/1832-st-Charles-~ichelieu t o Angglique Paquet.

2. Catherine, m. 24 /10/1836-s t -~gsa i re , PQ t o Gabr ie l Courtemanche.

3. J e a n - B a p t i s t e , 1 mg. 241411837-s t -~Lsa i re , PQ t o Cordule Charron; 2 mg. 231211846-St- Damase , PQ t o ~ G n g r a n d e Brodeur . (my g r e a t - g r a n d p a r e n t s )

4 . L o u i s e , m. 13/11/1837-s t -Cgsaire , PQ t o T o u s s a i n t Tougas.

5 . K a r i e , rn. 7 / 1 / 1 8 4 0 - s t - ~ L s a i r e , PQ t o P i e r r e Charron.

6 . ~ r g c i l l e , m. 8 /11/1842-s t -Cksaire , PQ t o Joseph Dufresne.

7 . P i e r r e , m. 2 8 / 8 / 1 8 4 3 - s t - d s a i r e , PQ t o 0ngsime Benoi t .

/ 1 / 8 . F e l i c i t e , m . 28/8/1843-St-Cesaire, PQ

t o C h a r l e s Duf resne .

9 . M a r c e l l i n e , m. 1 6 / 9 / 1 8 5 0 - s t - ~ g s a i r e , PQ t o Octave G o s s e l i n .

10. Louis-Tref f l e , m . 1 7 / 1 1 / 1 8 5 1 - s t - ~ L s a i r e , PQ t o V i r g i n i e Baron.

BUT TJHY JEAN-CHARLES? --

Another problem which d i s t u r b e d me was, why had g r e a t - g r a n d f a t h e r used t h e name of h i s l o n g - l o s t b r o t h e r , Jean-Char les? F u r t h e r r e s e a r c h i n g and q u e s t i o n i n g of t h e f a m i l y b rought o u t t h e s t o r y t h a t

/ o u r g r e a t - g r a n d f a t h e r , J e a n - B a p t i s t e Cote used t o smuggle h o r s e s a c r o s s t h e b o r d e r , and was well-known a t t h e c r o s s i n g s t a t i o n s by t h e custom o f f i c i a l s . He would g a t h e r s i x o r seven h o r s e s t o g e t h e r , and w i t h h i s f e e d bags , and buggy, would come t o t h e

United S t a t e s , and s e l l t h e h o r s e s t o farmers and o t h e r f r i e n d s i n t h e a r e a s of Centredale , Rhode I s l and and i n B a l t i c and T a f t v i l l e , Connect icut . When he had so ld t h e animals , he would then t r a v e l back a c r o s s t h e border , o b t a i n another s t r i n g of ho r ses and cont inue wi th h i s l ive lyhood. Between t r i p s t o t h e S t a t e s , he would work h i s farm, which r e l a t i v e s have s a i d , was a poor one.

For some reason o r another , towards 1890, he w a s t o l d t o leave Canada f o r t h e S t a t e s . During t h i s t ime, he came t o B a l t i c , where h i s son P ie r r e - Simon had a grocery, wood and kerosene s t o r e , and where my grandfa ther learned t h e butcher t r a d e a t t h e age of fou r t een . A s t h e Custom o f f i c i a l s were watching f o r him, our grea t -grandfa ther Jean-Baptis te simply assumed t h e name of h i s b r o t h e r , Jean-Charles, and f r e e l y t r ave r sed t h e border . Members of t h e fami ly i n Centredale and i n B a l t i c had been he re f o r some time, and f r equen t ly went back t o Canada a f t e r working i n t h e m i l l s . When t h e i r money r a n low back i n Canada, they would then r e t u r n t o t h e mil l towns, and save another amount. So i t was no problem f o r grea t -grandfa ther t o f i n d lodging wi th h i s sons and daughters i n Rhode I s l a n d o r Connecti- c u t . To end t h i s mix-up, i t seems t h a t wi th the f a m i l i e s he re i n t h e United S t a t e s , our g rea t - g randfa ther was known a s Jean-Charles, and mean- while i n Canada, he went by the name Jean-Baptis te . The c h i l d r e n from both h i s marr iages never knew t h a t he went by two names, nor e v i d e n t l y , t h e o f f i c - i a l s a t t h e border c ros s ings .

From the usage of h i s b r o t h e r ' s name, t h e Con- n e c t i c u t branch of t h e family knew him a s Jean- Charles , never r e a l i z i n g t h a t t h a t was t h e i r u n c l e ' s name. Only those c h i l d r e n born be fo re 1900 knew

and remembered him a s Jean-Baptis te . Hence, t h e confusion and t h e f a c t s which have l e d t o h i s t r u e i d e n t i t y .

Source m a t e r i a l s :

Various family documents and o r a l t r a d i t i o n . ~ g ~ e r t o i r e s of Marriage : s t - ~ g s a i r e and St-Damase,

Notre-Dame-de-St-Hyacinthe, PQ

Tanguay , Cypr i e n . DICTIONNAIRE G~A~ALOGIQUE DES FAMILLES CANADIENNES.

69 births is too many [The fol lowing appeared r e c e n t l y i n t h e Dear Ann column. 1

Dear Ann,

H e r e i s another crazy problem t h a t h a s people a t my p l ace of employment arguing. P lease s e t t l e i t f o r a l l of u s . Is it humanly poss ib l e f o r a woman t o have 69 s i n g l e b i r t h s ? Half t h e o f f i c e says , "Yes." An equal number says , "No way." We a r e a l l awai t ing t h e f i n a l word from you.

- And Baby Makes 69, I n Mich[igan].

Answer: Methinks somebody cheated and looked i n t h e Guiness Book of World Records (1986), but d i d n ' t read t h e i tem c a r e f u l l y . The g r e a t e s t number of c h i l d r e n produced by a woman i s indeed 69. The woman who performed t h i s marvelous f e a t was a Russian peasant who l i v e d 150 mi l e s e a s t of Moscow. She, d id n o t , however, have 69 s i n g l e b i r t h s . She produced 16 p a i r s of twins, seven s e t s of t r i p l e t s and four s e t s of quadruple ts .

The French-Canadian Heritaae in New Enaland by Gerard J. Brault

Reviewed by Henri Paradis

"Kitchen walls were decorated with holy pictures and a religious calendar l is t ing saint's feast days, holy days of obligation, and reminders of fast and abstinence.... portraits o f the Blessed Virgin and the Sacred Heart were f ixtures in the parents' bedroom. An image of the Guardian Angel adorned the children's room." (From Chapter 1).

As I read Gerard J. Braul t 's new book, "The French-Canadian Heritage in New England", it seemed t o me that he was describing my childhood home. As he goes on writ ing about housing, clothing, food, Religion etc., he ski l l ful ly brought t o l i f e so many of our treasuredcustoms and traditions. Suddenly I was bursting with pride. Here was a book wri t ten about me, my parents, my ancestors, my way of l i fe. Four hundred years o f social and cultural l i f e which we had so often t r ied t o explain, ineffectively, t o others was now unfolded in one book, and in English.This meant that my neighbors could read it and better understand the French-Canadian mentality and way of l i fe.

Students of French-Canadian studies w i l l f ind th is book invaluable i n their research. During our college days we had t o rely on our parents' stories about the olden days and occassionally we found a few French books t o help us. Today's students w i l l f ind in Mr. Breault's book much information, an extensive bibliography and notes t o assist them.

For the older reader, you w i l l enjoy reminiscing about your l i fe, your ancestors' legacies, what you preserved and what you passed on t o your own children. The younger genera t ions w i l l read w i t h p r i d e what be ing French-Canadian i s a l l about - 400 years of beautiful traditions !!

This i s a book for a l l ages. Don't miss it.

B L U E BLOOD --

by Rev. George C h r i s t i a n and Richard C h r i s t i a n

There i s a widespread saying among those engaged i n genea logica l r e sea rch t h a t i f anyone i s looking f o r r o y a l t y , he o r she i s more l i k e l y t o f i n d , a t b e s t : o rd inary people; a t worst : knaves.

For s e v e r a l yea r s , our e f f o r t s (with t h e he lp of a number of f r i e n d s , no tab ly Mrs. Jan ice Burk- h a r t ) have brought u s back t o t h e middle of t h e 17th Century. W e found a few knaves but no roya l - t y . A t u rn ing py in t came when we purchased t h e back i s s u e s of MEMOIRES, t h e p u b l i c a t i o n of t h e ~ o n t r g a l - b a s e d ~ o c i g t 6 ~ e / n ; a l o ~ i ~ u e Canadienne- F r a n ~ a i s e . The very f i r s t number i n t h e f i r s t volume (January 1944) contained a weal th of informa- t i o n on two c o l l a t e r a l l i n e s of our maternal grandfa ther , Well ie Are l . The information was compiled by Fr . Archange Godbout, O.F.M. ,

The f i r s t Canadian immigrant of t h i s family was Jean-Louis Hare l , who marr ied Marie Pescher ( a l s o known a s Bilodeau o r Legal) about 1671. Their son, Jean-Louis, married Marie-Claude Miv i l l e i n 1710. Her f a t h e r was Jacques Miv i l l e , a Swiss landed gentleman; he r mother was Catherine de Ba i l l on , a descendant of noble f a m i l i e s on both s i d e s .

Both of t h e s e l i n e s were e l abo ra t ed i n Father Godbout's a r t i c l e . A schematic render ing of them fol lows.

Before Catherine de Ba i l l on , s i x e a r l i e r gen- e r a t i o n s a r e given. The o l d e s t ances tor i s Mathurin Ba i l l on , s a i d t o have been an a d u l t i n

t h e 1490's. It i s un l ike ly t h a t he ever heard of a Venetian exp lo re r named Chris topher Columbus, who acc iden t ly found a new world- t h e world t h a t a t l e a s t one of Mathurin's descendants would one day reach, i n o rde r t o begin a new l i f e .

A s i f t h i s y e r e n ' t enough of a t r e a s u r e , t h e same volume of MEMOIRES continued t h e l i n e of Catherine de B a i l l o n ' s mother, Louise de Marle (who o u t l i v e d he r husband t o marry a second t ime) . Counting t h i s grandmother, seven a d d i t i o n a l pre- v ious genera t ions a r e l i s t e d . Four of t h e males were "seigneurs" ( l o r d s ) . The l a s t , Jean de Marle, was born i n F landers i n 1448.

But t h e s t o r y does not end wi th him. A f u r t h e r r e f e rence i s made t o P i e r r e de l a Garde d lHoz ie r ' s Doss ie rs b l e u s ( t . 429, Bibl iotheque Nationale de P a r i s ) . [This i s a p rec ious Genealogy of t he p r in - c i p a l f a m i l i e s of France i n 150 volumes! D'Hozier l i v e d from 1592-1660.1 Included i n t h i s work i s the de Marle family, which extended back e leven more genera t ions , t o t h e time of King Louis V I ("Le Gros") [1081-11371, t h e s i x t h successor t o Charlemagne a s king of France. I n h i s e f f o r t s t o uni fy h i s country and r e s t o r e peace, he fought and subdued a number of v a s s a l s . Among these was a Thomas de Marle, whom he imprisoned.

Besides having joined he r daughter Marie-Claude t o t h e Are1 l i n e , Catherine de Ba i l l on h a s cont r ib- uted a r i c h legacy t o u s from both he r pa ren t s .

However d i l u t e d through t h e ages , i t would seem t h a t t h e r e i s some b lue blood running through our ve ins .

COLLATERAL LISE ?f 1 - AREL /

[ f r o m MEMOIRES, S .G.C.F . , V o l . 1 , # 1 , j a n v i e r 1 9 h 4 ]

11. HAREL, J e a n - L o u i s m. 2/5/1710-St-Francois-Lac, PQ MIVILLE , M a r i e - ~ l a u 2 e

I

4 . BAILLOS, Adam ( S r . d e V a l e n c e ) (d . b e £ . 5 / 1 / 1 6 1 0 )

m. d e l a SAUSSAYE, J e a n n e

I

I. &EL, J e a n - L o u i s 1. MIVILLE, J a c q u e s

I 5. BAILLON, Adam ( S r . d e V a l e n c e )

1st m. VAULTIER, P h i l i p p e

I

m. PESCHER, Marie

6 . BAILLON, Michel ( V i c o m t e d e C a u d e b e c ) m. LE SEIGNEUR, Jeanne [ f i n a n c i e r 1 5 0 ? ]

I

m. 1 2 / 1 1 ~ 1 6 6 9 - ~ . ~ . ~ u G b e c d e BAILLON, C a t h e r i n e

7 . B A ~ L L O N , M a t h u r i n [ a d u l t t o w a r d s 1 4 9 ? ]

/ b . ca. 1 6 4 5

I---- - 2 . BAILLON, A l p h o n s e ( S r . d e V a l e n c e )

m., d e =E, L o u i s e

3 . BAILLOS, Adam ( S r . d e V a l e n c e ) m. HAILLARD, R e n e e ( d . b e £ . 7 / 7 / 1 6 0 5 )

I

COLLATERAL LINE 2 - AREL

[from MEMOIRES9 S.G.C.F., Vol.1, 111, j a n v i e r 19441

11. HAREL, Jean-Louis m. 2/5/1710-St-Fran~ois-Lac, PQ MIVILLE, Marie-Claude

3 . de 'WE, Mathurin m. BIZET, Anne

I

I 4 . de MARLE, Waast (Ec. S r . de Vaugien)

m. 1586 Le SUEUR, Madeleine (d. bef.1608) I

I. HAREL, Jean-Louis m. PESCHER , Marie

5. de 'WLE, Claude (Sr . d e Vaugien & S a r g i s ) 1st m. 201711545 LHUILLIER, A n t o i n e t t e

1. MIVILLE, Jacques , m. 12/11/1669-N.D. Quebec de BAILLON , C a t h e r i n e

I 6. se MARLE, Waast (Sr . Vaugien & Villiers

m. DUPUIS, J a c q u e l i n e St-Paul)

I 7. d e MARLE, J e a n (Sr . d e V i l l i e r s - S t - P a u l )

m. LEBLOND, S i b y l l e I

I 2. BAILLON, Alphonse

m. de MARLE, Louise [ l s t m.; s h e r e m . Marc d ' h a n z a y , chev. S r . de l a Fond]

8. de &E, J e a n (of F l a n d r e s . b. 1448) m. de THIENBRONNE, G i l l e t t e

I [loth G e n e r a t i o n preceed ing: Thomas de MARLEI of t h e t i m e of King L o u i s V I , l e Gros who was born and d i e d a t P a r i s [1081-11371

THE CHAPDELAINES

by Henr i Chapdel ai ne

INTRODUCTION

One day i n t h e f a l l o f 1686, a Captain. o f a French Royal Company marched i n t o t h e town o f F'lomb i n Lower Normandy. With h im were seve ra l drummers and a f i + e p l a y e r . Amid t h e b a r k i n g o f s t r a y dogs and t h e ct-eaC::ing o f @:.:-drawn wagons, t hey stopped i n t h e square f a c i n g t h e g o t h i c church. The f i f e p l a y e r w h i s t l e d a ca tchy tune w h i l e t h e drums kept t i m e and soon. When t h e cr-owd I-lad gathered, t hey p layed t h e m a r t i a l a i r s that even today push grown men ta stand a t a t t e n t i o n w i t h a hand on t h e i r bosom. Behind them waved t h e w h i t e f l a g o f t h e Sun--king, Louis X I V , a f l a g emblazoned w i t h a g o l d f l.eur-de-1 is.. .

The people, mos t l y tenant farmers and a r t i s a n s , 1 i s t e n r d as t h e o f f i c e r spok:e. They knew t h a t o n l y p r o p e r t y - and what p r o p e r t y coctld b r i r t g - counted i n France o f t h a t day. U n f o r t u n a t e l y , most o f t h e l a n d belonged t o t h e few, t o t h e n o b i l i t y . Among t h ~ common people, i f t h e o l d e r i n h e r i t e d t h e f a m i l y farm, what remained f o r t h e younger?

So t h a t day, t h e magic word was sa id : New France - where t h e r e l a y thousands, m i l l i u n s , even b i l l i o n s o f ac res o f v i r g i n ].and f o r t h e t a k i n g . I t was the re , b a r e l y e x p l o i t e d b y a few, w a i t i n g f o r t h e hardy t o r i s k t h e A t l a n t i c . Here was a new n a b i l i t y ; a man cou ld o w n l a n d b y h i s mere presence. But even i f t h a t l a n d was n o t

desired, t he o f f i c e r of+ered s t i l l another bounty; a chance t o see New France, t o f i g h t t h e rogu ish I roquo is , even t o engage i n t rade w i t h f r i e n d l y t r i b e s and r e t u r n w i t h a bonus t o buy a home or farm, t o become a landed owner here a t hame.

That day, Qndre Chapdelaine, son o f t he v i l l a g e carpenter, en l i s ted . So i t was t h a t Andre came t a New France t o serve th ree years w i t h t he Troops o f the Royal Marines. But he w a 5 never t o r e t ~ l r n t o France. H i s enl is tment over, he marr ied and went on t o become a L ieutenant and then a Captain o f t he M i l i t i a . By h i s s i x teen ch i l d ren , Andre l e f t behind him more descendants i n one generat ion than t h e t o t a l popu la t ion o f Plomb i n d i s t a n t France !

Andre Chapdelaine was not o f noble b i r t h bu t h i s achievements rank him among t h e n o b i l i t y o f h i s t ime. Tha t ' s why, i n the diocese o f Coutances, Normandy, h i s s t o r y has been publ ished more than t w o hundred and s i x t y t.imes; most ly s i n g l e paragraphs in h i s t o r i c a l works o r t he sub jec t o f a conference before a group a f h i s t o r i ans . By f a r , most appeared i n t he 1931:)'s a f t e r the resnunding success o f t he navel , "Maria Chapdel a i ne". A few a r t i c l e s had a l so appeared a t t he t u r n o f t he century when t he popu la t ion of Lower Normandy reve led i n joy a t t he b e a t i f i c a t i o n o f Father Aug~trjt e Chapdelaine, martyred i n China i n 1856. fhese e a r l i e r works .Formed the bas i s f o r a l l ensuing mentions bu t they were +ar from complete, be ing most ly conjecture. It was t he d iscovery o f Andre

Chapdela ine 's bap t i sma l r e c o r d s i n t h e 1 9 by Monsieur Descoqs, Mayour o f Plomb, t h a t gave Andre h i s fame. That document brought p roo f t h a t a l l t h e Chapdelaines o f t h e wor ld o r i g i n a t e f rom t h i s l i t t l e town i n t h e shadows o f Mont S a i n t Miche l .

I n Buebec, however, h i s l a n d o f e l e c t i o n , Andre Chapdel a i n e en joyed no s ~ t c h pop(- t lar i t y . The b e a t i f i c a t i o n o f h i s venerabl e ccjusi n passed itnnot i ced. A f t .er a1 1 , Quebec i s encumbered w i t h s a i n t s f rom A t o Z w i t h even a few humorous ones, such as St . James o f t h e The Thousand COWS ( M i l l e Vaches), thrown i n f o r good measure. The novel "Mar ia Chapdelaine" though, was rece i ved w i t h ear-deaf en ing applause. Buebec became " t h e l a n d oS Mar i a Chapdel d i ne " . Desp i te t h a t pub1 i c i t y , French-Canadians p a i d no a t t e n t i o n t o t h e r e a l Chapdelaine f ami 1 y , b u t proceeded t o i n v e n t f ab le5 sur round ing t h e au thor , L o u i s Hemort, w h o d i e d t r a g i c a l l y i n Chapleau, On ta r i o , s h o r t 1 y a f t e r comple t ing t h e manuscr ipt .

Today, "Mar ia Chapdelaine" i s no longer revered. I t ' s message, though e t e r n a l , reel::s o f t h e darl:: ages i n t h e h i s t o r y o f D u e b e c a n d its p rog ress ion t o m o d e r n t imes. I t i s rem in i scen t o f e n c y c l i c a l s and papal e d i c t s o f t h e Midd le Ages; l a r g e l y ignored by everyone. S i m i l a r l y , the 1 i f e and t imes of Blessed Auguste Chapdelaine have no appeal because he d i d n o t g a i n t h e p o p u l a r i t y o f a S t . Anthony. But t h e Chapdelaine f a m i l y goes on he re below, i n t he same q u i e t way, w i t h one gene ra t i on f 01 l ow ing t h e o the r , w i t h

innumerable tombstones a t t e s t i n g t o t h e coming o f Andre Chapdelaine and t h e passing o f h i s descendants.

In our Uni ted States, George W . Cable authored a novel, "The Flower o f t he Chapdelaine" i n 1918, bu t un fo r tuna te l y t ransp lan ted t he Chapdel a i nes t o Louisiana, a land they have never known. No doubt, Cable had read "Maria Chapdel ai new and had met same Chapdel a i nes i n Massachusetts' homes, bu t t h i s lone f i g h t e r f a r c i v i l r i g h t s could no t he lp bu t base h i s novel i n h i s n a t i v e New Orleans. A s a r e s u l t , t h e novel proved c.lnpopu1 a r and i s 1 arge l y f orgrl t ten.

The on ly comprehensive ( 5 page) a r t i c l e ever publ ished i n Canada on Andre Chapdelairlc was w r i t t e n by Monsignor Napoleon Del orme (Papal P re l a t e ) , a Chapdelaine from bath t he paterna l and maternal sides. I t was publ ished i n the June 1948 e d i t i o n o f t he Memoires of t he Montreal Fr-ench-Canadi an Genealogical Society , and remains t o t h i s day t he on ly in-depth a r t i c l e t o see a p r i n t e d page. Despi te sinme inaccuracies, Father Del orme succeeded i n t r a c i n g every c h i l d born of Andre Chapdelaine bu t w i t ho~c t mentianin9 any o f t h e i r descendants. La ter , i n 1972, Father Georges Henri Cournoyer, pastor of St-Roch, Quebec, an exper t genealogis t , gave a c:onference on Andre Chapdelaine i n Sore1 bu t h i s present.at ion was copied f r-am h i s predecessor, 50 noth ing new was added. More recent1 y, Kenc LeTenneur , a masterf ul. French w r i t e r , devoted f i v e paragraphs t o t he s t o r y of Andre Chapdelaine i n h i s book on the Norman o r i g i n s n f French-Canada.

On p u b l i c a t i o n , he wrote a longer article, most1 y on "Mar ia Chapdelaine" f o r a l i t e r a r y q u a r t e r l y o f Saint-Lo i n Normandy. Yet a l l these pub i ca t i ons , now n~tmber ing n e a r l y t h r e e hundred, a re j u s t enough to whet one ' s a p p e t i t e and arouse one 's cc r r i os i t y . What i n f a c t d i d happen t o Andre Chapdelaine'? Where d i d he come from? Why?

Here f o r t h e f i r s t t ime, w i t h thanks t o m y French predecessors, i s t h e complete s t o r y o f Andre Chapdelaine i n b i o g r a p h i c a l form. As w i l l be noted, I have n o t pursued Andre 's c h i l d r e n beyond 1740 b u t h a l t e d w i t h Andre 's death. Also, I have n o t i n c l u d e d any i n f o r m a t i o n on Normandy, i n t h e Diocese o f Avranches, and on t he o r i g i n o f t h e f a m i l y .

"Undre Chapdelaine, son o f J u l i e n and Jeanne LeMasson, h i s w i fe , was bapt ized by me i n t he Church o f Plomb, t h i s 10th day o f September, and was named by Andre T e l v i t , son f Andre, ass is ted as godmother by Margueri te Chapdelaine, daughter o f t he l a t e Jean Chapdelaine. Te t r e l , Pastor. "

So reads t he baptismal record i n t he r e g i s t e r o f t he church o f Plomb, Normandy, France. A l l would be we l l i f we knew t he year o f t h i s p a r t i c u l a r 10th day o f September - most French researchers, i n c l ud i ng Monsieur Descoqs who f i r s t discovered t he baptismal recnrd, c i t e 1666 as the date o f record. Canadians, on the other hand, guided by pa r i sh records, g i v e 1664 o r 1662 as the co r rec t b i r t h year. L e t ' s accept t he source -1666.

St rangely enough, due t o the research o f a sympathetic p r i e s t , pastor o f a church near Plomb, we know more about Andre's f a t he r from France than about Andre h i msel f: . J~. t l i en Chapdel a i n e w a s born i n Plomb, (now i t i s the department of Manche) , Lower Normandy, France, i n 1654. S t i l l in Plomb, he marr ied Jeanne LeMasson on Ju l y 22, 1663 a t t he age o f 29. h f t e r t he b i r t h o f h i s ch i l d ren , but no l a t e r than 1686, he moved t o t he nearby v i l l a g e o f Douet i l s . He d ied the re on June 18, 1694 a t t h e age o f 60. He was k n o w n as J u l i e n Douet i l s , an honorary name given him by t he townspeople f o r h i s excel lence i n carpentry.

A n d r e , o n t h e o t h e r h a n d , b o r e t h e s u r n a m e of " L a r i v i e r e " and w a s s o r e c o r d e d o n a r r i v a l i n B u e b e c . HE w a s A n d r e C h a p d e l a i n e d i t L a r i v i e r e , w h i c h s h o c t l d b e i n t e r p r e t e d to mean: A n d r e C h a p d e l a i n e f r o m " T h e R i v e r " . T h i s s u r n a m e o r i g i n a t e d when t h e C h a p d ~ l a i n e f a m i l y , o c c u p a n t s f o r many g e n e r a t i o n s a f t h e f a r m known a s "La C h a p d e l a i n i e r r " i n t h e h a m l e t o f P l o m b , moved t o a s u b u r b c a l l e d "La H i v i e r e " , named f o r t h e s m a l l a n d l a z y r i v e r t h a t f l o w s t h r o u g h its c e n t e r . T h e name L a r i v i e r e is i m p o r t a n t . W i t h o u t i t , a g e n e a l o g i s t wou ld lose t r a c k o f t h e C h a p d e l a i n e f a m i l y i n Quebec w i t h i n a n e or t w o g e n e r a t i o n s .

H i s s c h o o l i n g o v e r , A n d r e c o u l d r e a d a n d w r i t e , ~ t n l i k e many of h i s c o n t e m p a r a r i es. He d i v i d e d h i s t i m e b e t w e e n w o r k : o n t h e f a m i l y f a r m a n d a p p r e n t i c e s h i p t o h i s f a t h e r , a m a s t e r c a r p e n t e r . B u t w i t h t h e socia l p o s i t i o n o f h i s p a r e n t s , A n d r e e n v i s i o n e d y e a r s o f h a r d l a b a r b e f o r e m a r r i a g e a n d a f a m i l y o f h i s own. Had l i f e r u n its n o r m a l c o u r s e , A n d r e w o u l d p r o b a b l y h a v e become a c a r p e n t e r a n d m a r r i e d i n h i s mid t o l a t e 7 - .r (-1 ' S .

B u t Q n e d a y , Late i n 1686, a r e c r u i t i n g o f f i c e r i n t h e p e r s o n o f M o n s i e u r P i e r r e d e S t - O u r s , a C a t h o l i c n o b l e m a n o r i g i n a l l y f r o m t h e r e g i o n o f G r e n o b l e , h i g h i n t h e F r e n c h A l p s , came t a F'lomb, h i s d r u m m e r s b e a t i n g 4 /4 t i m e , t.o s e e k y o u n g men w i l l i n g t o g i v e 3 years o f t h e i r l i f e t a t h e K i n g i n t h e d e f e n s e o f t h e c o l o n i e s . A n d r e w a s o n l y 20 y e a r s o l d a t t h e time b u t h e e n l i s t e d . The e n l i s t m e n t d i d n o t

n e c e s s a r i l y mean i m m e d i a t e s e r v i c e i n N e w F r a n c e s i n c e many men s e r v e d a l s o i n t h e p o r t s of Brouacje a n d L a R o c h e l l e ; much d e p e n d e d on t h e n e e d s o f t h e c o l o n y a n d t h e o r g a n i z a t i o n a f t h e S t - O u r s company. Andre knew f o r c e r t a i n t h a t h e would s e r v e i n t h e M a r i n e s f o r 3 y e a r s , w i t h s e r v i c e i n Canada h i g h l y p o s s i b l e . N o d o u b t t h i s made l i g h t e r h i s m o t h e r ' s h e a r t a t h i s d e p a r t u r e b u t s h e w a s n e v e r t o see him a g a i n !

A f t e r v e r y l i m i t e d m i l i t a r y t r a i n i n g , Andre embarked on A p r i l 27, 1687, w i t h h i s C a p t a i n , S e i g n e u r P i e r r e d e S t - O u r s f o r t h e t r a n s - A t l a n t i c t r i p . E i g h t h u n d r e d s o l d i e r s l e f t w i t h t h e i r commanding o f f i c e r s t h a t d a y , a l l t r o o p s u n d e r t h e command o f P h i 1 i p p e R i g a u d d e Vaudrecti 1 , o n t o a f l e e t of s h i p s a b l y l e d by Admira l Amblymont. D u r i n g t h i s v o y a g e s e v e n t e e n men d i e d a n d w e r e b i r r i e d a t sea.

They d u c k e d a t Buebec C i t y o n t h e e v e n i n g o f May 2 9 , f e a s t o f C o r p u s C h r i s t i , a h o l y d a y o f o b l i g a t i o n i n t h e c o l n n y , a n d a t t e n d e d c e r e m o n i e s h o n o r i n g t h e Eody of C h r i s t t h a t e v e n i n g . The c r o s s i n g h a d t a k e n o n l y 33 d a y s , a r e c o r d , s i x t o e i g h t w e e k s b e i n g a v e r a g e . Hence , t h e d e t a c h m e n t o f M a r i n e s h a d e v e r y r e a s o n t o b e t h a n k f u l .

A t A n d r e ' s a r r i v a l , a m i l i t a r y c a m p a i g n w a s underway i n Buebec , a campaign t o r o u t e a n I n d i a n t r i b e t h a t h a d l o n g plagued the c o l o n i s t s . D e p a r t u r e was set on J u n e 9 a n d t h o u g h t h e a r r i v a l o f 800 s o l d i e r s w a s v iewed a s a n ' o p t i m i s t i c s i g n f o r t h e s u c c e s s of t h e m i s s i o n , i t s o o n

became obv ious t h a t t h e co lony had i n s u f f i c i e n t bedding, mun i t ions , muskets o r m i l i t a r y gear f o r t h e newcomers. Therefore, Denonvi 1 le, Governor of New France, after w r i t i n g a s a r c a s t i c l e t t e r t o t h e K i n g ' s m i n i s t e r r e g a r d i n g the l a c k o f eq~r ipment ( fewer than 200 o f t h e new s o l d i e r s had muskets) , decided t o pursue t h e a t t a c k w i t h h i s r e g u l a r army. T h e new men were sen t t o t h e i r r e s p e c t i v e p o s t s a r domains a long w i t h t h e i r o f f i c e r s .

I

O n M a y 31, 1687, Andre Chapdelaine, w i t h 49 o the r men i n t h e campany o f Monsie~!r de St-Ours, s e t f o o t on t h e i s l a n d of f?ant rea l . I n t h e f i r s t week o f June, v i a t h e R i c h e l i e u R i v e r , t hey nav iga ted t a t h e i r new home, t h e domain g ran ted t o Seigneur P i e r r e de St-Ocrrs, t h e mast s t r a t e g i c pos i t i o n i n Buebec's f i g h t aga ins t t h e I r e q u o i s who came up t h a t r i v e r f rom Lake Champlain and Albany, New Y n r k , t o r a i d t h e colony.

The a t t a c k b y R e n o n v i l l e w a s a success, as m i I. i t a r y sc.!ccesses go. He succeeded i n a t t r - a c t i n y t h e Tsonontauans t o F o r t Fv-ontenac where seve ra l w e r e massacred. The rema in ing I n d i a n s were captured and sen t t o France, most l i k e l y i n t o s l ave ry . F i n a l 1 y , Denonvi 1 le t u rned t h e I n d i a n v i 11 ages and r e t u r n e d home. T h i s u n c h r i s t i a n o f f e n s i v e s i gna led t h e s t a r t u9 I n d i a n h o s t i l i t i e s t h a t were t o l a s t severa l years.

Soon a f t e r h i s r e t u r n , D e n o n v i l l e gave t h e order - dated September 1, 1687 t o each se igneur and i n h a b i t a n t s o f each domain t o b u i l d a f o r t . t o se rve as r e f u g e

t o f ami 1 i e s and t h e i r domesticated animals d ~ l r i n g Ind ian attac:C::s. Each f o r t was t o be constructed i n t he form a f a square, each corner s o l i d l y b u i l t o f quar r ied stone and t he s ides made o f cedar l ogs f i f t e e n f e e t h igh and standing on end. I ns i de were t o be barracks t o house a t l e a s t f i f t y s o l d i e r s o r a company o f men, as we l l as o f f i c e r s ' quarters. &150, the re were t o be workshops, storerooms and many addi t ional . rooms and b u i l d i n g s f o r t he sa fe t y of s e t t l e r s .

This, then, was andre 's f i r s t work i n New France, t he c u t t i n g o f cedar t rees, the p o i n t i n g a+ ends, t he logg ing t o b r i n g them t o the s i t e , t he long hours swinging t h e axe, t he back-breaking contes ts between t he men t o r a i s e sec t ion a f t e r sect ion; a l l fo l lowed by t h e menial ye t equa l l y important task t o collect and stack t he ch ips and branches and c u t t i n g f o r f i rewood, and the more necessary task of making p lanks and beams f o r b u i l d i n g t he barracks and rooms t o house t he so ld ie rs . Th is work cont inued a l l through t he w in ter desp i te repeated a t tacks by t he Ind ians who were now sending groups a f marauders i n a l l sec t ions o f the colony i n an attempt to h a l t o r de lay t he b u i l d i n g o f f o r t s .

The a t tacks had become so f i e r c e and frequent by l a t e autumn i n 1687 t h a t t h e govenment decided t o nego t ia te peace w i t h the Indians. I n l a t e October, 1687, t he Ir-oquois at tacked and nea r l y captured t he f o r t o f Chambly, l eav ing m o s t of t .he s o l d i e r s dead or se r i ous l y wounded. They crossed i n t o V i l l ema r i e o r what i s today

Montreal and gained so s t rong a f oo tho ld on t he i s l a n d t h a t the set t lement the re w a s menaced w i t h t o t a l e x t i n c t i o n . T h e w in te r o f 1687-1688 was spent i n conferences, most ly i n Montreal. F i n a l l y , a truce was signed on June 15, 1688.

The f o l l o w i n g month, t he s o l d i e r s and s e t t l e r s o f St-Ours, Contrecoeur, Sore1 , S t . Francois d u Lac and L o ~ t i s e v i l l e (R i v i e re du Loup) were ordered t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n a convoy t o d e l i v e r food and supp l ies t o F o r t Frontenac - today Kingston, Ontar io. Dur ing t h e i r absence, Ind ians o f a t l e a s t t.wo t r i b e s erupted upon these domains t o burn a l l bu i l d i ngs . Many o f t he inhab i tan ts , be fore leav ing, decided t a f r e e t h e i r animanls - cows, s teer , oxen, sheep and p i g s - and l e t them roam on nearby i s l ands where food was p l e n t i f u l and where, p ro tec ted by surrounding waters, they could be easi 1 y recaptured on re tu rn . However, t he Ind ians crossed t h e narrow channels and, f a l l i n g upmn t h e beasts, I : : 1 most o f them. The few men and women who remained i n t he v i l l a g e s took re fuge i n t he f n r t s and so were spared.

D e s t i t u t i o n awaited t h e s e t t l e r s on t h e i r r e t u rn . However, m a s t af t h e m had w ise ly so l d t h e i r f u r s a t F a r t Frontenac and were a b l e t o r e s t o r e some a f t h e i r goods and r e b ~ r i l d t h e i r bu i l d i ngs , bu t not be fore drawing new p lans f o r b e t t e r p ro tec t i on . The ensuing years, up t o 1693, were t o be f i l l e d w i t h Ind ian a t tacks and massacres t h a t could f r i g h t e n even t he s t rongest s e t t l e r . No man would dare venture upon h i s land wi thout being

armed from head t o #oat hu t wnrst.of a l l , no man would dare plow h i s f i e l d wi thout a musket i n one hand, t he plowshare i n t.he other . As he approached the woods, he could we l l ask h imsel f i f an Ind ian d i d n ' t l u r k behind t he branches, ready t o pounce on him as he turned around h i s n x and pluw. I f he wasn't decapi ta ted on t he spot, w i t h h i s h a i r serv ing as evidence o f h i s massacre, he wauld be captured and burned a1 i v e i n t he Ind ian v i l l a g e .

O f such, then, was t he l i f e o f findre Chapdelaine dur ing t he th ree years o f h i s en l is tment . Technica l ly , he was t o be released and sent home i n the f a l l u# I689 bu t h i s term ended at. a t ime when no sh ip s a i l e d f o r France. With a l l t he hubbub and a c t i v i t y created by t he recuu'r-ing at tacks , Andre was i n no hu r r y ta leave and so extended h imsel f ta t he #a l l ow iny s~rnlmer .

Summer lh90 came and Andre was ready t o r e t u r n bu t t he news fram home wasn't goad. The. E d i c t o f Nantes had been vevoL:ed, King Louis X I V was a t odds w i t h t he Pope and he supported the Gal 1 i c an Church (French Nat iana l Cathol ic ism) ; the l i t t e people su f fe red ctntal d m i s e r i e s +ram the weakness o f t h e i r leaders and l i f e had bec:ome very d i . f f i c ~ r l t f o r commoners, such a5 the Chapdelaines. To add t o t he d i f f i c u l t i e s , i t was very hard t o t r a v e l from St-Ours t o Quebec C i t y and q u i t e imprudent. t.0 do so. Though t he Quebec government had two detachment of men ta pratect t he St. Lawrence Seaway, one sctrveyi ng t he reg ion #rom Quebec C i t y t o S t . Francois du Lac, t he other fram Montreal t o Sorel, these

detachments were C::ept busy no matter where they happened t o be. With on ly twenty s o l d i e r s i n each group, they were fo rced t o f i g h t bands of 60 or more Ind ians near l y every day, and so, could g i v e l i t t l e , i f any, p r o t e c t i o n t o a lone s o l d i e r whose enl is tment was over and who wanted t o t r a v e l t he S t . Lawrence t o go home. For a l l pctrposes then, Andre was landlocked, unable t o reach h i s p o r t o f departure.

Monsieur P i e r r e de St-Ours, Captain o+ t he Company and Seigneur o f t he domain, had o f course no t i ced Andre. So ld i e r i ng i n those days was fat- l e s s m i l i t a r y , f a r more human, than i t i s today. Then, generals and o f f i c e r s d i d no t hide i n bunkers and l e t t he common s o l d i e r d i e on the b a t t l e f i e l d ; t he re w a s i n r e a l i t y na rank dur ing Ind ian r a i ds . So, i n t he es t imat ion o f Monsieur de St-Ours, here was a young man w i t h no t on ly sinew and brawn,+ or Andre coctld ho ld h i s own w i t h any man t o chop trees and p u l l stumps, bu t a l so w i t h a s o l i d head. Andre had an i n t e l l e c t u a l bent, read studied, asked questions. He wax a se r ious person, t he type needed i n a found l i ng colony. Besides, he w a s profoundly r e1 i g i ous , an exemplary Catholic, a perspn whose p i e t y went beyond mere devotion. Mare than t ha t , he had a way w i t h woad, a c e r t a i n exper t i se i n carpentry - and t h a t was cer-kainly a p l u s i n a p lace where every th ing was s t i l l t o be b u i l t . St-Ours then c a p i t a l i z e d on t he s i t u a t i o n and kept Andre on, in r e t u r n f o r h i s regu la r pay and t he l i t t l e ex t ras , such as tobacco and pipe.

Thi r teen f a m i l i e s had permanently s e t t l e d i n St-Ours. To ta l popu la t ion was about 100 persons p l u s a few so ld ie rs . On Sunday af ternoons and evenings as we l l as on ho l y days - q u i t e f requent i n Catho l ic Quebec - the people gathered i n t he home w f one o f the v i l l a g e r s . They sang songs af o l d France, danced t o the rhythm o-f v i o l i n s t r i n g s , t o l d s t o r i e s o f Ind ian r a i ds , or- the men sa t pass ive ly by t he S i res ide p u f f i n g t h e i r p ipes wh i le t he l a d i e s exchanged c h i t c h a t about t h e i r cousins and Criends. Though Andre was s ing le , he jo ined i n t he fun desp i te t he Lack o f +ernale companionship.

The s i x t h farm t o the south o f the Seigneur 's manor belonged, by grant , t o the f a m i l y o f Francois Chevref i l s d i t Lal ime and h i s w i fe , Marie Lamay. Francois, born i n t h e diocese o f Periqueux, France, had come t o New France w i t h the famous Carignan Regiment i n 1665, t o serve under Captain P i e r r e S t - O u r s . A t t he disbanding o f t he Regiment, a l l o f t he o f + i c e r s had been granted extensive pa rce ls o f land; i n tu rn , each Seigneur made smal ler concessions t a the men who wished t o become c i t i z e n s af the colony. Francois Chev re f i l s had been one oC t he s o l d i e r 5 who e lec ted t o remain w i t h h i s captain. He had been granted s i x t y arpents o f land and, i n 1671, had married Marie Lamy who had come t o New France w i t h the group 1::nown as "Les F i l l e s du Hoi ". They had foc.tr ch i l d ren , Louis, Marie Anne, Mathur in and Francois.

On May 16, 1678, a t t he age af 35, Francois Chevref i 1s d ied i n St-Ours.

L a t e r , h i s widow mar r ied Jean Duval, a carpen te r , who, t y h i s marr iage, i n h e r i t e d t h e farm. I n t h e census o f 1681, he was recorded as owning t h e o r i g i n a l s i x t y a rpen ts o r a b i t more than s i x t y acres, s i x o f which were p lan ted . He a l s o awned a gun, p robab ly a musket, a cow and an ox. He was 40 years o l d and had f i v e c h i l d r e n b u t t h r e e o f them were h i s w i f e ' s . As t h e o n l y carpen te r , he w a s kept busy b u i l d i n g t h e houses o f i n St-Ours as w e l l as the manor o f t h e Seigneur.

Dur ing t h e w i n t e r 1690-1691, f indre Chapdel a ine , versed i n ca rpen t r y f rom h i s work w i t h h i s f a t h e r , worked w i t h Jean Duval. He d i d n o t f a i l t o n o t i c e Mar ie Anne C h e v r ~ f i l s , 16 years o l d , p e t i t e and s t r i 1::ingl y p r e t t j ~ . Soon t h e t w o young people began a cou r t sh ip . And so, a l l thoughts o f r e t u r n i n g t o France l e f t f indre and he began t o cons ider St-Ours as h i s permanent home. H i s p o s i t i o n w a s assured here as he cou ld work a longs ide Jean Duval ; t h e r e was a town t o b u i l d , t r e e s t o cut, wood t o s a w and a remarkable young g i r l t o woo!

I n the summer o-f 1691, Andre Chapdelaine, now 25 years o l d , and Mar ie Anne Chevrefils, i 7 years o l d , were marr ied. The marr iage a c t was n o t a r i z e d by Nota ry Menard on September 16, 1691, bef o r e t h e f 01 l ow ing witnesses; Seigneur P i e r r e de St-Ours, Seigneur o f t h e Concession o f St-Ocrrs and Capta in o f a Company of t h e Mar ine Troops; Mar ie M u l l o i s , h i s w i fe ; Lord Charbonnier , Sergeant o f t h e Company of ST-Ours; Jean Duval , s t e p f a t h e r nf t.he b r i de ; Mar ie

Lamy, t h e b r i d e ' s mother; Lou i 5

Chevre+ i 1 s, the b r i d e ' s bro ther ; Miss Barbe de St-Ours; a l l daughters o f t h e Seigneur; Jean Eouvet, Seigneur de la Chasabre and surgeon o f St-Ours; and Madeleine de Eidquin, spouse o f t he surgeon.

With h i s marriage, hndre received a severance pay equal t o six months' du ty i n the Marines wh i l e h i s w i f e was granted a smal l , i n s i gni $1. cant dowry by the Seigneur. Also, from the Seigneur, they received occupancy r i g h t s t o a small one room cabin meas~tring 15 by 14 f e e t , a l o g cabin w i t h a thatched roo f . The cabin was b u i l t i n t he summer o f 1691 and the re Andre brought h i s young b r i d e bu t t h e i r honeymoon was soon in te r rup ted . Once again, findre was prevent.ed from f 01 lowing i n h i s f a t h e r ' s foo ts teps - h i s God had greater p lans f o r him.

Though Monsieur de St-Ours was o f noble b i r t h , had a title and was a l so Captain of a company of men, he remained a very poor man. By h i s wi fe , Marie Mulois, a l so o f noble b i r t h , he had eleven ch i ld ren . H i s m i l i t a r y pay and r e n t a l income from the domain as we1 1 as income f ram fur t rade remained i n s u f f i c i e n t t o adeqciat.el y support h i s c h i l d r e n so a year e a r l i e r , he had p e t i t i o n e d t he governor and the k i ng t o grant him command o f a f o r t .

La te i n September 1691, a c o u r r i e r a r r i v e d i n S t - O u r s bear ing a sealed l e t t e r from t he governor o f N e w France. Seiyneur P i e r r e de St-Ours was ardered t o r e a c t i v a t e h i s company and r e p o r t as soon

as p o s s i b l e t o t h e f o r t o f V i l l e m a r i e and assume i t s command.

Monsieur de St -Ol,rrs proceeded irnmedi a t e l y . Some n f h i s e a r l i e r s o l d i e r s , those who had come t o Canada w i t h him o r i g i n a l l y i n 1665, j o i ned h i s new company; o the rs , t h e l a t e comers o f 1687, a1 so e n r o l 1 ed. Rndre Chapdel a i ne was ane o f t h e men who answered the c a l l and so passed i n t n t h e m i l i t a r y once again.

For a -few days, t h e r e was mcrch a c t i v i t y i n St-Ocrrs. Men dusted o f f t h e i r m i l i t . a r y equipment, women mel ted l e a d t o c a s t thocrsands o f musl.::et ba115, o r e l s e t hey prepared p r o v i s i o n s o f c e r e a l s and d r i e d f r u i t . A l l t h e wh i le , t h i s increased t r a f f i c drew t h e a t t e n t i o n o f I n d i a n scot-tts who were never f a r f rom St-Ours. The scou ts were t r a i n e d observers; t hey cou ld h i d e behind a t r e e moto in less f o r days o r b lend i n t o t h e coun t r ys ide l i k e a chameleon, ready t o pounce upon an unsuspect ing v i c t i m who wandered away f rom t h e l o g cabins. When t h e men o f St-Durs marched o f f , some bea r i ng canoes i n po r tage f o r t h e seaway c ross ing i n t o V i 1 l.emarie, t h e I n d i a n scou ts scampered back t o t h e i r t r i b a l f i r e s .

By t h e f a l l . o f 1691, most o f t h e men o f St-Ours were i n Montreal +or t h e w in te r . Others, such as Duval t h e carpen te r , were busy d e s p i t e t.he c o l d and a l ready f a l l e n snow. Mar ie anne Chapdelaine, t o o , was busy i n her one room cab in sea led f rom t h e w i n t e r ' s co ld . She k n i t t e d and wove, prepared g i f t s f o r t h e New Year ' s and

Epiphany feasts . There were so many t h i ngs t u do even i n a humble home f o r a l ady q u i t e alone but a l i v e w i t h thoughts o f her husband who was sure t o r e t u r n home f o r the h o l y days. Already, the ever present c r u c i f i x i n t h e Buebec home had i t s p lace over t he f i t -eplace and Messire P i e r r e depermelnaud, the res iden t p r i e s t i n St-Ours from e a r l y 9 , had blessed the few devot ional a r t i c l e s t h a t hencefor th - u n t i l recent t imes a t l e a s t - would ub i qu i t ous l y be d isp layed i n every French Canadian home. Marie Anne's morning and evening prayers took a long t ime f o r a l ready t he l i t a n y o f s a i n t s had become a f i x e d h a b i t i n the r e p e r t o i r e of French prayers.

One c o l d day, Marie Anne awakened to t he sound o f war whoops and t he d u l l thudding o f arrows as they implanted themselves i n t o the l o g wa l l s of her- cabin. The Ind ian scot-tts hacl c o r r e c t l y appraised t he s i t u a t i o n ; most of t he defenders o f t he colony were away, l eav ing on ly a Cew men ta guard t he women and ch i l d ren . Without a m i l i t i a , St-Ours had no defense, ar p r a c t i c a l 1 y none, su t he I r oquo i s descended i n f u l l war p a i n t upon the s e t t l e r s . Marie Anne barr icaded her door and t he lone window. She had no weapon, no musket. Her on ly hope w a s i n Our Lady and i n Ste. Anne; had no t S t e . /Anne saved t he ear-ly s e t t l e r s count less t imes i n t h e i r p e r i l s ? I n Buebec C i t y , t he Cathedral is al ready dedicated t o Our Lady who has never been known t o f a i l those who ardent1 y call ed her name?

I n a l u l l between the ever renewed

a t t a c k s , Jean Duval s t o l e away f rom h i s home, l e a v i n g i t i n t h e ca re of t h e women, and reached t h e modest cab in o f Marie Anne Chapdel a i ne, h i s step-daughter. They made t h e i r way t o t h e f o r t . where many ne ighbors had a l ready sa~tght. r-efcrge. For e i g h t days and n i g h t s , t h e I n d i a n s r e l e n t l e s s l y a t t acked but not: a s i n g l e shot was heard f rom t h e f o r t . Ins tead , t h e people prayed. F i n a l l y , t i r e d o f t h e i r game, t h e I n d i an5 abandoned t 1.1 e f i g h t and disappeared i n t o t h e snow covered p ines . When t h e a l l c l e a r s i g n a l w a s sounded, t h e men e x i t e d t o appra ise t h e s i t . ua t i on . Many home5 were burned t a t h e g ro~ tnd , p r a v i s i o n s were l o s t , g r a i n e r i e s were empty, l i ~ e s t ~ c k were s c a t t e r e d a r s t o l e n by t h e renegades. Hawever, n o t one 1 i f e had been l o s t and no i n j u r i e s were repor ted . Once again , Ste. Anne, teacher of t h e v i r g i n a l way o f t h e Fa ther t o Mary,, r ece i ved p r a i s e and thanks.

Desp i te t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f another attack, two m e n r a n t o V i l l emat - ie t o n o t i f y Munsieur de St-Ours o f t h e d i s a s t e r . Immediate1 y , he retur-ned t o St-Ours w i t h a select group a+ s o l d i e r s . M isery woctld be t h e l o t . c?f t.tie s e t t l e r s f a r t h e coming w i n t e r h u t t h e Seigrieur c h a r i t . ab l y tool:: i n some I-tomeless f ami 1 i e s t a share bed and board w i t h h i s many chi.1.dre1-!. 0 t h ~ ~ ~ f.o~..\nd room w i t h more fa r tc tna te s e t t l e r s and still o t h e r s moved i n t o t h e + a r t . Hawever, Monsieur de St-Ours l e + t a group oC men i n St-ijctr-s f o r t h e defense o f h i s donmain, his f i r s t concern. The men a f t h e Cwmpany, gar r i soned i n t h e f o r t of V i l lemat- ie ,

served a few weeks i n Mont rea l , and then a few weeks i n St.-Qurs, an a r o t a t i n g bas is .

I n t h e summer o f 1692, Mar ie Anne Chapdelaine gave birt.11 t o her f i r s t born son who she named Lau i s. U n f o r t u n a t e l y , t h e baptismal r eco rds f o r t h e years 1687 t:o 1700 were dest royed i n a f i r e i n 17(:)0. Mess i re P i e r r e de Perrnelnaud bap t i zed t h e c h i l d b u t a f t e r t h e f i r e , no one cons idered i t a f any importance t o rewt-i t e t h e baptismal. records , an easy t ask i n those days s i n c e t h e p r i n c i p a l P E F S O ~ S

were s t i l l l i v i n g . Therefare, t h e b i r t h daters a f Andre's a n d Marj.e Anne's c h i l d r e n a r e n o t known +c-? r c e r t a i n .

That same year, f indre w a s promoted t o t h e rank o f Sergeant. T h i s promot ion was o f g r e a t importance t n Rndre s i n c e i t brought a pay increase. For t h e f i r s t t h r e e years a+ m i l i t a r y du ty , he was p a i d 118 pounds s t e r l i n g a year l e s s i s s u e costs . The poci.nd i n use was t h e French s t e r l i n g , d i v i d e d i n t o 240 d e n i e r s or- 211) s o l s , t h a t i s , one pound equaled 20 s o l s o r 240 deniers . From t h i s pay, t h e paymaster w i t h h e l d 18 d e n i e r s a day f o r bedding, musket, and o the r m i 1 i t a r y equipment:, l e a v i n g h i m s i x pacrnds, 180 den ie rs a month. S ince t h e pound, l i k e t h e f r anc , was wort.h about 20 cen ts o f uur- money. Andre 's monthly pay, as a s i inp le s o l d i e r , was one d o l l a r and 27 1 /2 cents. U l i e u t e n a n t , on t h e a the r hand, w a s p a i d 60 pounds a month o r twef.ve do1 l a r s w h i l e t h e sergeant stuod h a l f way between t h e s imp le s o l d i e r and t h e l i e u t e n a n t . By comparison, a carpen te r was p a i d a t t h e bas i c r a t e o f 600 pounds a year nr 120

do1 l a r s , w h i l e a black.s!nl th recei.veu h a l f t h a t amount at- 40 d o l l a r s . With produce i n + i n i t e l y l e s s e;.:pensive than t c d a y , a penny was a l a r g e sum t o our f o r e f a t h e r s . I n r e a l i t y , pay sca les were n c ~ t t o change g r e a t l y . For over 200 years s i n c e t h e e a r l y French Canadians w h o c a m e t o New France, a t t he turn o f t h e cen tu ry , they were p a i d about 62.50 a wee!:: f o r work:: i n t h e m i l l s , f rom 6 AM t o 5 PM, s i x days a w e e k , t h e same b a s i c pay earned by a carpen te r i n t h e l a t e seventeenth cen tu ry i n c o l o n i a l Canada. I t i s o n l y i n t h e l a s t t h i r t y years o r so t h a t money has decreased i n value.

I n 1693, Mar ie Anne gave b i r t h t o her second son, Franco is . Andre passed p a r t 04 t h a t year i n t h e se t t l emen t and was w i tness t o t h e marr iage o f Thomas Neveu d i t Lac ra i x , a son o f Jean Neveu and Jacqitel i ne Lo i t i che o f t h e town o f V i t r y , d iocese of Avranches near t h e town o f Plomb, Andre 's b i r t h p l a c e . Thomas Neveu was cons ide rab l y o l d e r than Andre s i n c e he had c o m e t o New France i n 1665 w i t h t h e Car-iqnan Regiment, o r i g i n a l l y s t a t i o n e d in Marsal , Lo r ra ine . S ince he had n o t marr ied, Neveu had a l s o e n r o l l e d a t t h e r e o r g a n i z a t i o n o f t he St-Ours Company t o serve a t t h e F o r t o f M o n t r e a l . Now, i n 1693, t h e 29th o f August, he was marry ing Thoi n e t t e Legrand, widow o f N i c o l as F r ~ t n i e r d i t F'icard, another s o l d i e r o f t h e Carignan Regiment. Andre, f o r h i s p a r t , wauld then a f f i x h i s s i g n a t u r e t o many documents o f t h e domain of St -O~\ rs .

The nex t t h r e e years brought t h r e e more c h i l d r e n , a l l bays; Pierre i n 1694, Joseph

i n 1695, and Jean Valer ian i n 1696. A t a t ime when i n f a n t i l e m o r t a l i t y ran excessive ly h igh i n New France - (near l y ha l f a+ t he ch i l d ren d ied w i t h i n t h f i r s t year) - the Chapdelaines were f a r t una te indeed as a l l t h e i r c h i l d r e n were heal thy, w i th not one dying u n t i l adulthond. But t he coming o.? f i v e boys placed the f am i l y i n d i r e need. That year, 1696, Monsieur de St-Ours promoted Andre t o the rank o f Liei i tenant w i t h a pay a f 720 pactnds a year ar 12 d o l l a r s a mnnth.

Legend has i t t h a t Marie 4nne Chapdelaine suf fe red a miscarr iage about t h i s time; w i t . no baptismal o r c i v i l records, the re i s no proaf . But t he 1 ast year of the 17th century, 1699, she gave b i r t o the i r - . f i r s t daughter, Ayathe, whuse rad i an t hea l t h would b r i n g her t o .the c~rand age o f 96.

I n 1700, Marie Anne was barn. Legend again has i t t h a t t he mother had more m i ca r r i ages but i n 1704, Antoine the e igh th hea l thy c h i l d and s i x t h son was born. He t o n 1 i ved long, dy ing a t the age af 88. A year l a t e r , Francois Marie, t he seventh son, was born.

With n ine c h i l d r e n to his charge, Lieutenant Andre was pressed +or income as were must o f t he f a t he r s i n the colony. And 50, once again, i n r e t u r n o r h i s f a i t h f u l ness , Mans i eitr de St-Clurs submitted h i s name t o the yavernor on the promatian r as te r , and, w i t h the accord of the King ' 5 M in i s t e r , Andre Chapdelaine became a Captain. When we consider that most capta ins were oS noble b i r t h -

counts, vi szocints, d~l : : E S and s e i gnectrs, t h i s achievement r a n k s as a f i r s t c l a s s h o n ~ r . I n f a c t , a t t h i s s tage, Capta in Andre cclcild have petit icsrsed t h e k i n g f o r h i s t i t l e a+ nob i1 i t . y . Capta in Andre would be i n charge o f t h e defense o f t h e banks o f t h e R i c h e l i e u , a ve ry l a r g e t e r r i t o r y , and answer o n l y t t h e Seigneurs of t h e domains o r t h e governor o f t h e d i s t r i c t , o r aga in work w i t h t h e p a s t o r s o f t h e par ishes. I n a d d i t i o n , he would e x e r c i s e " lower j u s t i c e " , o r pass judgment i 1 7 what w e would cons ider today a d i s t r i c t o r lower c o u r t - as compared t o a s u p e r i o r o r supreme CCIL!P-+. The new respans ib 1 i t i e s a l s a brought a pay increase; Captain Andre earned '?(I) pounds a month o r 18 do1 l a r s , a cons ide rab le amnunt f a r t h a t t ime.

About t h i s t ime, t h e f i r s t church of St -O~trs w a s b u i l t . I t was a r c ! s t i c l o g cab in surmounted w i t h a c r o s s but t h e people were praud o f t . h ~ i r sanctuary dedicated t o O u r Lady o f t h e Immaculate Canception. Andre w a s one of t h e m e n who worked a t its c n n s t r u c t i o n and, f rom i t ' s fo rmat ion , he became i n v a l v e d i n t h e p a r i s h counci 1.

Four years l a t e r , in 17" / (.)El, Jean B a p t i s t e , t h e i r t e n t h c h i l d , was born. W i t h h i s b i r t h , Capta in Andre, now 42 years o l d , r e t i r e d f rom m i l i t a r y se rv i ce . The family w a s growing, t h e e l d e s t son was 16 years o l d , and Andre grew t i r e d o f t h e constant t r a v e l h i s r e s p o n s i b l e p o s i t i o n reqL! i red. Besides, t h e I n d i a n t h r e a t had been met and was over , many t r e a t i e s had been s igned and i t appeared t h a t t h e

colony was moving ahead i n t o prosperous times.

When Andre r e t i r e d a f t e r near l y twenty years under arms, Monsieur de St-Ours granted him a parcel o f land. On October 10, 1708, Andre received a l a rge parce l on the St. Lawrence, measuring t en arpentr; i n f rontage by t h i r t y i n depth. Roughly, t h i s land measured about 2000 f ee t i n f ron tage by some bOOO i n depth. It was s i t ua ted next t o t he D o u v i l l e f i e f and the concession made t o Jean Vel d i t Sansoucy, an a l d s o l d i e r o f Car-ignan who owned about 1 / 3 t he acreage given t o Andre Chapdelaine. This concession o r land grant then was extensive and represents anywhere from th ree t o f i v e t imes t he usual land grant a t t h a t time.

nn t h i s land, Andre reared h i s ch i l d ren and exercised h i s t rade as a carpenter. I n t he sp r ing o f 1709, he began cans t ruc t i on o f a new house on acreage cl.eared du r ing the winter .

With h i s rekirement, Andre a l so taak on a new p o s i t i o n as churchwarden o f St-Ours. The p o s i t i o n was no t u n l i k e t h a t o f our present p res ident o f t he pa r i sh counc i l bu t i t inc luded much more r e s p o n s i b i l i t y , f o r i n f a c t , Andre was responsib le f o r a l l pa r i sh f inances, f a r t h e i r use i n b u i l d i n g or r epa i r i ng , a n d f o r a l l purchases made i n the name of the people. He a l so acted as witness a t marriages and baptisms and was responsib le along w i t h t he pastor f o r a l l major decisions made within t h e par ish.

C ~ I E af h i s f i r s t a c t s w a s t o g t - a n t t h e f i r s t pew o n t . h e E . p i s t l e side o f the c h u r c h t o M o n s i e u r d e S t - O u r s a n d h i s new w i f e , M a r g u e r i t e . I n 1 7 0 7 , Mar i e M c r l l o i s , w i f e of t h e S e i g n e c t r of Ejt--!lurs h a d d i e d . On J u l y 2? , 1708, more t h a n a y e a r l a t e r , P i e r r e de St.-Or.!rs h a d m a r r i ~ d D e m o i s e l l e Margt-teri t e , d a u g h t e r o f n o b l e m a n C h a r l e s I-.eGardeur de T i 1 1 y a n d o f D ~ m o i 5 e l l e J u c h e r o n . k s w a s common w i t h t h e n o b i 1 I. t y o f t h a t d a y , t he s p o u s e r e t a i n e d h e r m a i d e n name a n d t . haugh mart-i. e d w a s C::nown a s Dernaiselle. H e n c e , M a r g u e r i t e , new w i f e at: L~r .c i F ' i e r . r ~ cic S t - - O u r s w a s known a s D e m m i sel I. e Mat-guer i te L ~ G a r d e u r , j u s t a s h e r mcather w a s knawn a s D e m o i sel l e J L { C . ~ E ' ~ O ~ ~ . T h e f arni l y C h a r l e s L e G a r d e u r h a d c a m e to New F r a n c e i n t h e e a r l y d a y s c r l f 41--re i : ~ l on..># a s a gt-ocrp of nob 1 emen f r o m Nor-inand): t o t a l i n y 45 persons i ac1 c.tdi ng t h e i r c h i l d r e n . F r o m t he s t a r t , they h a d been g r a n t e d exterisive l and5 a n d d o m a i n s i n % h e r e g i n n nf Q u e b e c C i t y a n d C h a r l e s h a d been C o u n s e l o r - o+ the t:::ing ( s i m i l a r to <4

Chi ef Jc.tstice o f oc!r S c t p r e m e Ca?.!r t ) i n t h e S o v e r e i g n C o u n c ~ i l seated i n Puebec C i t y . H e h a d h e l d t h a t pos t f r o m 1665 t o 1695.

S o o n after e n t e r i n g t h e new h o u s e , M 2 r i . e nnnr C h a p d e l a i n e gave b i r t h to her s e v e n t h c h i l d , a ~ n n A~l .c jus t in Seraphin, a l s o known as J e a n S e r a p h i n . He w a s b o r n nn S e p t e m b e r 21, 3.710, a l . m o s t a s a 4 4 t h b i r t h d a y gift ta A n d r e . T h e f oll o w i n g year, L . o u i s e w a s b o r n .

T h e C h a p d e l a i n e h o l d i n g s e x p a n d e d . With some o f h i s i n c o m e saved f r o m st71 d i e r i n g , Anclr -e h a d p ~ ~ r c h a s e d a cow,

sheep and pigs. Each w in ter , t r ees were f e l l e d . The best ones being used f a r b u i l d i n g and f o r s p l i t t i n g i n t o boards. Some were reserved f o r t he Chapdelaine homestead, o thers were so ld o r t raded w i t h neighbors f o r cereal gra ins, peas and other necess i t ies . I n the spr ing, r o o t s and stumps were p u l l e d out , a hard task u n t i l t he f am i l y had enough money t o acqui re a horse and oxen, bu t t he land was turned under and planted.

For t he next th ree years, Andre was b u s i l y engaged i n h i s carpentry work. The year 1714 brought t he 13th Chapdelaine c h i l d , Andre, named f o r h i s f a t he r . That y e a r , Monsie~cr de St-Ours, then i n h i s o l d age, c a l l e d the natary Tet ru t o h i s manor t o draw up an j.riventor-ji of t he e n t i r e domain. Th is i .nventory incl.~rded a1 1 persunal and p r i v a t e proper ty he ld i n coinmon w i t h h i s w i f e i n 1::eeping w i t h the laws a f France, and a1 1 land grants i n the domain, i n c l ud i ng %he proper ty bot:h p r i v a t e and common he ld by the s e t t l e r s . Three est imators were h i red ; Seigneur de Be1 1 eval , Sei yneur Francoi s V a l ant de Fosseneuve who was Seigneur of t.he domain o f La Po in te a Vigneux, and Andre Chapdelaine. P i e r r e Parent, a s o l d i e r i n t he Company o f St-T)uris ancl P i e r r e Benoi t , a s e t t l e r i n the v i l l a g e were witnesses. The inventory began June 19, 1714, and o c c u p i e d Andre m u s t o f t h a t year. Once again, he worked s i de by s ide w i t h nab1 emen.

B u t Marie Anne w a s no longer her o l d s e l f . The gleam i n her eyes, her quick smi le, her boundless energy had a l l bu t

disappeared. She w a s of t e n s i c k and run-down, b u t t h e herba l p o t i o n s and t e a s g i ven her by t h e knowledgeable I n d i an5 soon brought a sparC::le t o her eyes. With t h i r t e e n c h i l d r e n t o ca re f o r , her days were f i l l e d t o s a t i e t y . Then, i n 1718, a t t h e age o f f o r t y - f o u r , Mar ie Anne gave b i r t h t o her f o u r t e e n t h and l a s t c h i l d , Mar ie Josephte. Time and t h e success ive pt-eqnancies had taken t h e i r t a l l . There was no medic ine on e a r t h t o r e b u i l d a comple te ly i ~ o r n ou t body. FSf t e r l angu i sh ing t h e w i n t e r o f 1718-1719, she d i e d on A p r i l 9, 1719, s h a t t e r i n g w i t h her passing, Andre 's dreams o f spending t h e i r o l d age toge ther . The following day, t hey b u r i e d her i n t h e f i r s t cemetery. She was o n l y f o r t y - f i v e years 1 She can be remembered as our f i t - s t mother i n NEW France

qndre, n o w over 52 years ot age and w i dawed, had fou r teen c h i 1 d r ~ n t o p r o v i d e f c r , i f WE. i n c l u d e t h e sons aboi.!t t o r e t u r n f rom m i l i t a r y se rv i ce . I n t h i s e ra , a young man was e l i g i b l e t o e n l i s t f rom t h e age o f s i x teen . Andre ' s e l dest daughter was 20 years o l d , so things went w e l l enough on t h e domestic s i d e w i t h t h e g i r l s h e l p i n g t o r e a r t h e i r younger b r n t h e r s and sis ters but lone1 i n e s s bctrdened Andre enormous1 y. And so, on October 21, 1720, he mar r ied Mar ie Anne J o l y , daughter o f P i e r r e 301y and Made1 e i ne Tessi e r , a f t e r a s h o r t cou r t sh ip . Andre was 54 years o l d and Marie Anne was 28 a t the t ime OC t h e wedding. I t was her- f i r s t marr iage. No doubt t h e people o f St-Ours cons i clered g i v i n g t h e newlyweds a c h a r i v a r i but i t

was f arbidden under pa in o f excomcnunication. The marriage f eas t was a joyous one w i t h the presence o f a l l o f Andre's c h i l d r e n a5 we l l as t he notables o f St-0urs and other nearby domains.

That same year, 1720, Andre's sons re turned f ram the m i l i t a r y . Louis, P ie r re , Francois and Joseph had served under arms i n d i f f e r e n t pos ts and domains; Lou is was 28, Francais 27, P i e r r e 26 and Joseph 25. They p e t i t i aned Monsieur de ST-Ours f o r land grants, s ince they were of marrying age and had proven t .heir worth by honorable se rv i ce under t he French f l ag . Joseph received a 4 by 30 arpent grant , t h a t he would work u n t i l h i s death some f i f t y years l a t e r ! P i e r r e took h i s p lace next t o h i s b ro the r w i t h a s i m i l a r grant.. Francois and Lou is a l so received pa rce ls of 4 arpents by 30. A t t he same time, Louis, t h e e lder , was granted another parce l o f r i c h bottom land, 2 arpents b y SD , a t the Cote de l a Richardiere. Then, w i t h a gleam i n hi^. eye and a smi le on h i s l i p s , Monsieur de St-Ours granted a 4 by 30 arpent parce l t i 2

young Andre, on ly s i x years o ld, burn t.he year t h a t Captain Andre inven tu r ied t he domain o f St-Ours. It would appear t.hat Monsieur- de St-Ours was i n f:act. ~ O U I ~ C J

Andre's godfather.

I t ' s i n t e r e s t i n g t o nc te t h a t these grants are i n t h a t p a r t o f St-Ours where the s o i l i s most f e r t i l e and mast product ive, a t some d is tance from the v i l l a g e center which i s erected on poor, sandy soil. The g r - a n t s were f i r s t ade i n t he f o r o f scr i .p t notes w r i t t e n by the Seigneur. n f St--Ot..ws arid counters i gned b y

Messi r e Gndre Jor i an, past~:~t- at t h e p a r i s h . They were then n o t a r i z e d by c o n t r a c t n i March ?, 1720. Va le r i an , 24 years o l d , i t s h o ~ ! l d be noted, had no g r a t : t h e reason was t h a t he was s t i l l i n t h e m i l i t a r y under t h e l eade rsh ip o f J e a n B a p t i s t e de St-Ou.r.s, scnn a+ t h e Sctignei-!r.

P i e r r e , F r a n c o i ~ ; and L o u i s t iad de-Fended St . F ranco i s du Lac, a domain midway between Montrea l and Quebec C i t y on t h e southern shore nf t h e S t . Lawrence, d i r e c t l y over1oal::ing Lake S t . P i e r r e . Only r e c e n t l y had t h e F o r t o f St . F ranco i s been abandoned, thaugh a smal l e r f o r t s t i l l e x i s t e d an t h e s e i g n e u r i a l 1 and, home o f Sei gnectr Ct-evi et-. St . F rancn i s was a l s o home o f t h e Abenaki I nd ians , c a l l e d i n American h i s t o r y t h e " redoubtab le S t . F r a n c i s I nd ians " , who came f rom La Eeauce, Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. These I n d i a n s were t h e remnants o f t r i b e s t h a t f l s u r i s h e d i n New England much b e f o r e and d u r l n j Champ1 ai n 's v i s i t o f 1 8 , bu.+ t h e t r i b e s and t h e i r homeland had been decimated hy t h e E n g l i s h F ' ~ ! r i t ans and French Hugctenots. The Abenakis then had been d r i v e n f rom t h e i r hamel and and had deep antaqoni s t i c Ceel i n g s aga ins t b o t h %he Eng 1 . i sh F rn tes tz .n ts and t h e Iroquois, wha had been t h e i r a1 I. i e s . They embraced C a t h a l i c i s m and St.. F r a n c ~ i s w a s t he cen te r uf a f 1 c3i.w- i s h i ng ,Jesui t m i ssj. on si nlze 1687.

P i e r r e and Frar-11::oi s bo th worked the i r . concessi nn w i t h t h e he1 p clf t h e i r f a t h e r 21-id b ro the rs . E ~ r t t he i t - h e a r t s w e r e no longer i n St-Ours. When t h e ho1ids.y~; came, and t h e h o l y days, s t i l l f r equen t

even i n the 1720'5, t he two Chapdelaine b ru the rs went by canoe, up t.he R iche l ieu , acv.oss the S t . Lawrence, over t o t he S t . Francois River where l a y t he growing pa r i sh nf S t . Francnis Xavier, on t he s i t e af what i s today the v i l l a g e a+ Nat.re Dame ds F i e r r e v i l l e . During t h e i r m i l i t a r y duty, bath yni.rng men had given t h e i r hear t s t o c e r t a i n young l a d i e s and i t was w i t h them t h a t they spent t .heir ti.me, desp i te the distance.

On May 31, 172:3, F r a n c o i ~ Chapdelaine marr ied E;.:c_cpere Cocctccrier, daughter o f P i e r r e Coutur ie r and Gertrude Maugras. He was the f i r s t of Andre's c h i l d r e n t o marry. The ceremony taak p l a c e i n St. Francuis du Lac, w i t h t he pastor , Father Jean Bapt i s t e Dr~gast , a f f i c i a t i n g . Andre and h i s young b r ide , Marie Anne Jo l y were w i tncfises.

The Cautur ier f am i l y had been i n S t . Francuis du Lac s ince 169O. F i r s t had come G i 1 l es Coutur ier , a widower, w i t h h i s two sans, P i e r r e and Jean Bapt is te , b o t h born i n Sore1 ar-ound 1~589. I n St. Francais du Lac, E i l l e s had married Mari Jeanne Moral , daughter- of Quent in Maral , Eovernar o f T rn i s R iv ie res , and Marie Jeanne Maral , widuw o f Jacques Maugras, who was born i n L.igny L.e Chateau, France, i n 1h39. The fami l y had f i r s t l i v e d i n T rn i s R i v i e res then t.hey moved t.0 St. Francnis du Lac i n 1681 when Maugras had received a land grant and purchased an additional l o t o f land. I n t e res t i ng1 y , Jacques Maugras, a s o l d i e r and nobleman, had d ied i n the Salman Falls Expedit ion, today Berwick, New Hamshire, against the

E n g l i s h A m e r i c a n c o l 1 2 n i s t s , a t t h e a g e o f 51. D u r i n g t h e same ~ngagement , o n e o f t h ~ l C r ~ v i e r s , c o - s . e i g n e ~ ! t - o f t h e f i e f o f S t . F r a n c o i s d u Lac, h a d a l s o b e e n k i l l e d .

J e a n F a p t i s t e C o u t u r i e r , son of G i l l e s , F r a n c o i s C h a p d e l a i n e ' s u n c l e , h a d m i i r r i e d i n S t . F r a n c o i s d u Lac, M a r j u e r i t e Anne E a b i e dit Dcbperon, d a u g h t e r c f F'ierre B a b i e , S e i g n e u r D u p e r o n , a n d Marie Anne C r e v i e r . S e i g n e u r D u p e r o n was also a c o - S e i g n e u r of t h e d o m a i n of S t . F r a n c a i s . By h i s m o t h e r - i n - l a w , Jean E a p t i s t e C a u t u t - i e r h a d i n h e r i t e d o n e t h i r t y - s i x t h uf the d o m a i n a+ S t . F r a n c o i s . L i k e h i s f a t h e r , Jean E a p t i c t e w a s sc i rnamed LaGonte a n d h e is t h e a n c e s t c ~ r of a l l t h e L a b a n t e s of t h e r e g i o n o f S t . F r a r i r a i s . J e a n E a p t i s te h a d served a s a n o + f i e e r i n t h e F o r t o f St . F r a n c o i s a n d w a s v e r y we1 1 known i n t h e r e g i n n , h a v i n g marri rld i n t o t h e S e i g n e u r 's f a m i l y . F o r a lang t i m e , h e w a s also c h u r c h w t ! r d e n nf t h e p a r i s h o f S t . F r a n c o i s Xavi er .

P i e r r e C o u t u r i e r d i t V e r v i l l e , F r a n c a i s C h a p d e l a i ne ' s f a t h e r - i n-1 a w , b o r n i n S o r e 1 1 . i k : e h i s b r ~ t h e r , h a d married G e r t r u d e M a u g r a s , daughter af Jacques Macrg ra r ; a n d Mari. e J e a n n e M o r a l . H i 5 C a t h e r , G i I. 1 es, h a d mar t - i ed P i e r r e ' s m o t h e r - i n - l a w . E e c a u 5 e a f t h i s m a r r i a g e , h i s m o t h e r - i n - l a w b e c a m e h i s s t epmot :he r . F'ierre h a d r e c e i v e d v a s t l a n d h o l d i n g s a n d l i v e d o n a f a r m l o t s i x a r p e n t s i n f r o n t a g e by f i v e i n d e p t h , w i t h a h o u s e , a b a r n , a s t a b l e . He h a d f o u r a r p e n t s p l a n t e d , o n e o f w h i c h w a s i n h a y . T h e r e m a i n d e r o+ t h e p r o p e r t y

was wilderness. He had many other l o t s sca t te red throughout t h e domain. P i e r r e was t o d i e i n S t . Francois on February 22, 1745. He is the ancestor of a l l t h e Vervi 1 l e s o f t he region, mast of Quebec and t he Uni ted States.

I n 1763, a f t e r t he conquest o f Canada by t h e Engl ish, a l l monies were withdrawn from c i r c u l a t i o n and redeemed a t t he r a t e a f one h a l f t o zero o f face value. The es ta te a f P i e r r e Coutur ie r w a s valued a t 1052 pounds s t e r l i n g . T h i s represents more than f i v e years labor by a carpenter, t en years by a b lacksmi th o r more than 28 years m i l i t a r y se rv i ce by a so ld ie r . Dur ing t h e exchange, t he f am i l y received on ly 977 pounds s t e r l i n g and l a s t most of t h e i r land i n the bargain. Many people, i nc:l udi ng the Chapdel a i nes, were n a t t o recover.

Francoi s Chapdel d ine and h i s b r ide , Ewupere, s e t t l e d on one o f t he pa rce ls granted t o P i e r r e Coutur ier , land t h a t was extreme1 y f e r t i l e . S i tua ted on t he shores o f t he St. Lawrence a t t he mouth o f t h e S t . Francois River , t h i s land w a s f looded each sp r ing w h e n t h e i c e melted. L i k e t h e N i l e , t he S t . Lawrence deposi ts a great deal o f s i l t , i n su r i ng replenishment a f v i t a l minera ls and organic mater ia l . The region, known as Yamaska County, w a s so named by t he Abenakis. I n t he Ind ian tongue Yamaska means "swamp-1 and o r law- ly ing land where the re are many houses". However, t h i s constant humid i ty underfoot was t o be the undoing o+ Francoi s Chapdel a i ne, who was unable t o cope w i t h a reg ion so ho t and damp in

s u m m e r , and so c o l d s.nd damp i n w i n t e r .

Establ i shed as a farmer , Ft-ancoi s, desp i te h i s r e l a t i v e youth, was o f t e n s i c k and unsb le t o wori::. S t i l l , because o f his a i l m e n t s perhaps, he spent m u c h o f h i s f r e e t i m e pc!t-sctiny a p r a j e c t he had ctndertaI::en, a p r o j e c t somewhat ~ . \ n i que f o r h i s t ime. Whi le most of t h e i n h a b i t a n t s o+ D u e b ~ c h a d a r a t h e r warm devo t i on t o S a i n t A n n e a ~ d het- daughter , t h e Blessed V i r g i n , Franco i s very s p e c i a l thoughts and a f + e c t i o n went t~ St . J ~ s e p h , t h e f a t h e r a+ Chr i s t t h e Sav io r . P ~7o when t h e ql-lestion arose i n t h e cons t rc tc t ion a+ t h e new crttl-rch, nn which s a i n t s shoctld flanl.:: t h e r la in a l t a . r , Ft-ancois fought a winn ing b a t t l e t o have C h r i s t i n t h e cen te r , Mary en one s i d e and J ~ s e p h on t h e o the r .

On J u l y 31 of t h e s a m e year, 1723, F' i err-e Ch3pdel ai rie marr i ed M a r i e Char 1 o t t e 13inard, dacrghter nf Cl actde F'inard and Franco ise G a m e 1 i n i n t h e church of S t . F ranco i s and before t he s a m e priest, Father Pc igas t . O n c e again, Andre and h i s n e w b r i d e 3.ttended t h e ceremuny in t h i s new v i l i age of t h e Chapdelaines, S t . F r d n i ~ i 5 du L a r .

L i k e t h e C c t u t t . t r i e r f a m i l y , t h e F'inards had been i n S t . F ranco i s a l ang time. Cla~rde F'inard, son o f the surgeon, L o ~ r i s F' inard f rom France, had mar r ied Franco ise Gamel i n , daughter o f the surgeon Miche l Gamel i n and Marguer i t.e Crev i e r , s i s t e r o f t h e e a r l y se igneur o f S t . Franco is . L i k e h i s , fa ther and fa ther - in - law, Claude w a s aLsn a surgeon and he m i n i s t e r e d t o t h e t r o o p s ga r r i soned i n t h e F o r t o f St..

Franra i 5. I n 1720, he had been appointed Lieutenant i n the m i l i t i a under t h e command u f h i s fa ther- in- law, Captain Michel Gamelin. Luu is F inard, h i s f a t he r , was b ro the r - i n-1 aw, t o Jean Crevi e r , Seigneur of S t . Francois, and was a l so co-seigneur a f t he f i e f "Arbre a l a Cro ix " near T r o i s R i v i e res or what i s today Cap de l a Madeleine. Another o f 1-ouis' sons, Lou is Pinard d i t Lauziere, had marr ied Madeleine Renou d i t Lachapel l e , daughter of Francois Renou and of Marguer i te Crev ier , who was a l so a s i s t e r of Jean Crev ier , once seigneur o f S t . Francoi s. Claude, P i err-e Chapdel a i ne ' s fa ther- in- law, was appointed Captain of t h e m i l i t i a t o succeed h i s fa ther- in- law and he he ld t h a t post even i n t o h i s o l d age. He d ied a t S t . F r a n c o i s o n A p r i l 19, 1749 a t t he age o f 81. H i s farm was s i t u a t e d near t h a t o f t h e Coutur ie rs bu t was much l a rge r , measuring fou r arpents i n f ron tage by f o r t y i n depth, on which were b u i l t a house, a barn and a s tab le .

The Gamelin fam i l y . an the ather hand, was among t he very + i r s t i n the colony. Michel, t he surgeon, had come d i r e c t l y from France a f t e r h i s medical t r a i n i n g . One of h i s sons, P i e r r e , who would be unc le t o P i e r r e Chspde l aine, had marr ied Marie Jeanne Maugras, daughter of Jacques Maugras and Marie Jeanne Moral. Throc.!gl-\ t h i s marriage then, P i e r r e Chapdelaine was a l so r e l a t e d t o t he Coutur ie rs i n t o which f am i l y h i s b ro ther , Fr-ancois, had a l so married. The Game1 i n s by marr-iage were uncles and aunts o f Francois Chapdel a ine so t h a t Marie Cha r l o t t e F inard, w i f e of P i e r r e Chapdelaine, was b y marriage

Franco i s Chapdela ine 's n i e c e ! I n o the r words, Exupere Cou tu r i e r , w i f e o f F ranco i s Chapdel a i ne, s i s t e r - i n-1 aw o f Marie C h a r l o t t e P ina rd who was t h e w i f e o f F i e r e Chapdelaine, w a s a l s o her aun t ! Su i t was i n the e a r l y days o f t h e colony.

On January 17, 1724, on a co ld , snowblown w i n t e r day, Marie Anne J o l y presented Andre a b e a u t i f u l grace, her f i r s t baby buy. T h i s son, Andre's f i f t e e n t h c h i l d , was named L o u i s l i k e h i s o l d e r b r o t h e r . A t a very young age t h i s c h i l d adopted t h e sob r i que t o f L a r i v i e r e t o d i s t i n g u i s h h imse l f f rom h i s b r o t h e r .

Andre Chapdelaine was g e t t i n g o ld . H i s farm prospered; t h e f a m i l y had two oxen and a horse t o h e l p w i t h t h e farm work. Both g r a n t s g i ven t o P i e r r e and F ranco i s were taken aver by t h e f a m i l y i n r e t u r n fur some smal l renumet-ati a n . I n a d d i t i o n t o h i s ca rpen t r y work::, h i s fur t r a p p i n g , h i s s a l e o f timber and planks and h i s p o s i t i o n as churchwarden, Andre became proc i r ra to r f o r Monsi ec!r de St-Ours. He served w i t h Andre Charbonnier , Mess i re J o r i a n , the p a s t o r , and Monsieur de M i n i a l . I n t h e absence o f t h e se igneur , t hey g ran ted land t o s e t t l e r s o f St-Ours and c o l l e c t e d r e n t a l payments.

Mar i e Anne J o l y gave b i r t h t o a second c h i l d on January 6, 1726, this t i m e a g i r l , bap t i zed Mar ie Reine. Mrs. Chapdelaine w a s 34 years o l d and none t o o s t r o n g f o r she recuperated very slaw1 y .

A month l a t e r , an February 5, 1726, Andre 's o l d e s t daughter , Agat.he, aged 27,

m a r r i e d J o s e p h C h a r p e n t i e r dit S a n s f a c o n , s o n a f D e n i s C h a r p e n t . i e r a n d of Marie Anne D e s p e r n a y s i n t h e c h u r c h o f t h e I m m a c u l a t e C o n c e p t i o n o f S t . O u r s . Th C h a r p e n t i e r s were a n o l d f a m i l y o f S t . O u r s , d e s c e n d a n t s uf D e n i s , a f o r m e r s o l d i e r i n t h e company o f St-.Ours.

But t h e d a y s were l o n g i n S t - O b r s , e s p e c i a l l y f a r A n d r e a n d h i s young w i + e , o n l y i n h e r m i d - t h i r t i e s . D e s p i t e t h e b e s t o f care b y t h e s u r g e o n o f t h e d o m a i n , h e r s t r e n g t h d i m i n i s h e d d a y b y d a y u n t i l e a r l y March a f 1728 when s h e b e g a n f a i l i n g r a p i d l y .

Father Jori a n a d m i n i s t e r e d t h e L a s t R i t e s . T h e f a m i l y w a i t e d . A l l were a s s e m b l e d . Horses a n d car- r - i a g e s were a t t h e d o o r s . T h e r e w e r e many l i t t l e c h i l d r e n t o v i s i t t h e i r a i l i n g g r a n d m o t h e r who h a r d l y s u r p a s s e d t h e i r n t o t h e r ' s a g e ! Was i t p a s s i b l e f a r a woman so y o u n g , o n l y t h i r t y - - s i x y e a r s o l d , t o l e a v e h e r a g i n g h u s b a n d ?rhus making h im a widower- $01- t h e s e c o n d t i m e ? The f a m i l y p r a y e d , e x e r c i s i n g t h e y r e a t e s ? : p r i v i l e g e o f f r - e e man i n t .he s i g h t . of God: " L o r d , o n l y s a y t h e Ward and s h e w i l l b e h e a l e d " .

a n March 15, 1728, Marie Anne J o l y b r e a t h e d h e r las t : . S h e w a s l a i d o u t on plan\::%. j.n t h e 1 i v i n g room a n d t h e f acni 1 y s p e n t the n i g h t i n p r a y e r and i n r e c e i v n g t h e c o n d o l e n c e s of t h e s t e a d y stream a f s y m p a t h i z e r s who came , d a y a n d n i g h t , t a o f f e r t h e i r s y m p a t h y . Some af A n d r e ' s s o n s worked t h a t n i g h t i n t h e c o l d workshop w i t h i n t h e b a r n , making a c o f f i n i n which Marie Anne w a s p l a c e d on the

morning o f March 17, when t h e cart% rece i ved Andre 's second w i f e .

I n t h e meantime, Franco i 5 Chapdel a i ne i n S t . Franco i s du Lac had n o t f a r e d any b e t t e r . H i s h e a l t h had s t e a d i l y d im in ished d e s p i t e h i s t h i r t y - f i v e years nf age. On September 2 3 , 1728, he b i d h i s w i f e a l a s t ad ieu and c losed h i s eyes t o t h e wor ld. He was b u r i e d i n t h e cemetery o f St . F ranco is , i n a l o c a t i o n t h a t has n o t been recorded f o r p a s t e r i t y . H i s w i f e con t inued h i s work, w i t h no c h i l d r e n t o ca re f o r , t h e young widow spent her days by t h e a l t a r o f St . Joseph i n t h e new church. She would be au tho r i zed t o make two c o l l e c t i o n s a year , on c e r t a i n ho l y days. The monies c o l l e c t e d were t o p~r rchase a s ta t i r e o f S t . Joseph, an o r n a t e golden tabe rnac le made i n France, and a l s o a r i c h l y executed t a b l e a u t o p l a c e over t h e a1 t a r . F ranco i 5 Chapdel a i ne then was t h e f i t - s t Chapdel a i ne o f t h e f i r s t genera t ion t o marry i n New France and a l s o t h e f i r s t of Andre 's c h i l d r e n t o d i e i n New France.

Despite h i s g r e a t l o s s , Andre t r a v e l l e d once again tu S t . F ranco i s du Lac i n t h e s p r i n g o f 1729 t o a t t e n d the wedding of h i s oldest son, Louis. Once again, bef a r e Father Dugast, St . Fr-ancois was t h e scene c ? f another Chapdelaine a l l i ance. Luckis mar r ied Mar ie Anne Fonin , dactghter o f f4ndt-e Ponin and o f Angel ique Pinard.

Andre Ponin d i t D e l i s l e , L o u i s ' f a t h e r - i n-1 a w , was t h e son a f F' i e r r e Boni n and o f Ft-ancnise Veron. He had been born on t h e I s l e o f Rhe, Diocese o f LaRochel l e ,

France. He had come t o St. Francois from Sorel as a widower t n marry Marie Angelique Pinard, widow o f Jean Niquet, on October 26, 1705. A f t e r 1730, he and h i s w i f e had moved t o Snrel . During t h e i r l i f e i n S t . Fr-ancais, t he couple occupied t he land granted t o Jean Niquet, near t he Abenaki v i 1 lage. Marie Angel i que Pinard was o f cacrrse r e l a t e d by marriage t o P i e r r e Chapdelaine wh i l e her f i r s t hc..rsband, Jean Ni quet , had been re1 ated by marriage t o the Seigneur o f Ba iev i l l e o r the f i e f a f St. Antoine de l a Baie.

T h e newlyweds d i d no t remain i n S t . Fraricoi s, hawever. Laui 5 Chapdel a ine had received two land grants same n ine years e a r l i e r and he had spent muscle and sweat t o c l ea r the land and b u i l d a hocrse and barn. From a l l i nd i ca t i ons , he was we l l t o do i n St-Ours. It was i n t h i s v i l l a g e t h a t they re turned immediate1 y after- t he wedding ce lebra t ion . But t h e i r union was t a be shor t l i v e d , l a s t i n g l e s s than a year. On March 21, 173(:), Lou is bu r ied h i s young b r i d e i n t he cemetery of St-Ours. I n d i c a t i o n s are t h a t Marie Anne Eonin Chapdelaine d ied i n c h i l d b i r t h . Lou is was not t o remarry u n t i l n i ne years later- .

The year 1731 brought two marriages t o t he Chapdelaine fami ly . F i r s t , Andre, now s i x t y - f i ve years o l d , marr ied Marie Cha te l l e i n t he town o f Eer th ie r , j u s t over t he r i v e r from Sorel . I t i s presumed t h a t Marie Che te l l e was a widow, though she was considerably younger than Andre and would su rv i ve him by many years.

Jean Valer ien, h i s m i l i t a r y se rv i ce

over , had occupied some of the land p r e v i o u s l y g ran ted t o h i s b ro the rs . Then, on October 1, 1731, he mar r ied Angel i que Dansereau, widow o f F rnco i 5 Fon ta i ne, daughter o f F' i e r r e Dansereau and Angel i q ~ t e Cibiron. T h e ceremony took p l a c e i n Vercheres, b u t t h e newly wedded coup le s e t t l e d i n Sa in t -OL~-s nex t t o t h e Chapdel a i ne homestead.

The summer o f 1731 a l s o brought t o St-Ours Msgr. P i e r r e Herman Dosquet, Bishap o f Samos and co-ad ju ta r t o Msgr. de Marnay who v i s i t e d t h e pa r i shes o f t h e Montreal p rov ince f o r Conf i rmat i an ceremonies. T h i r t y - t w a persons were conf i rmed t h a t year i n t h e church o f t h e Irnmac~tl a t e Conception, i n c l u d i n g Andre 's c h i l d r e n : Antoine, 27; Aug~ts t . in Seraphin, 21; Mar ie -Josephte, 13; and Louise, who tnol:: t h e name o f Genevieve, 20.

Andre had l e s s than ten years t o l i v e . T h i s l a s t decade o f h i s l i f e brought severa l more m a r r i ages a1 ong w i t h numcroits changes i n St-Ours. F i r s t , t h e v i l l a g e was growing; t h e seiqnttur o f St-Ours, Jean B a p t i s t e de St-Ours, son o f t e f i r s t se igneur , no longer l i v e d i n t h e manor, b u t had s e t t l e d i n Montreal and Buebec C i t y w h e r e he a w n e d several houses. 14 e was a commandant o f t h e F o r t a t N iagara and a l s o had a l u c r a t i v e . fur t r a d i n g bu.;~. ness. With h i s absence, Andre Chapdelaine w a s g i ven a new p o s i t i o n . He was working s i d e by s i d e w i t h t h e pas to r n o t 01-11 y i n g r a n t i n g new l ands but in a d m i n i s t e r i n g t h e a f + a i r s o f t h e town.

Mar ie Josephte, s i x t e e n years oS age,

marr ied Francois Vel d i t Sansaucy, son of Jean Vel and Jeanne Raimbaul t on March 1, 1734, i n St-Ours. The Vel f a m i l y was among t h e most h i g h l y respected i n St--Ours. Jean Vel had come w i t h t he Carignan Regiment and served i n arms w i t h Andre Chapdelaine a t t he F o r t o f Montreal. The Vels would be i n the f o r e f r o n t o f soc i a l and p o l i t i c a l l i f e i n St -Cl~~rs +o r years t o came.

That same year, Marie Anne Chapdelaine, t h i r t y - f o u r years o ld , marr ied Joseph Forc ie r , widower o f Gertrude Joyal , i n St-Ours on August 9, 1734. Joseph Forc ie r was a new comer t o St. Fr-ancais du Lac and had met Marie Anne through P i e r r e Chapdel aine.

By then, P ie r re , we l l - se t t l ed i n S t . Fr-ancais, l o s t h i s wi fe , Marie Charles Pinard. Though her Father was a surgeon o f the area and t he f a m i l y was i n soc i a l communion w i t h ather surgeons and doctors, no th ing could be done, and t he young w i fe , mother of t h ree ch i l d ren , died.

Maved w i t h compassion, Lclrtr i sr: Chapdel a i ne, twenty-si x years u l d , moved t o S t . Francois t o care f o r the ch i l d ren . Saan she met Francois Ca r t i e r , son o f E i l laume Ca r t i e r and o f Marie E t ienne t te Garnier and t h e y were marr ied on August 13, 1736. The C a r t i e r couple wauld se t up housekeeping i r i t he v i l l a g e o f S t . Michel de Yamaska, near St. Francois du Lac.

The C a r t i e r s had come ta S t . Fr-ancois dur ing t he l a s t years o f t he seventeenth century. G u i 1 lacrme, t h e ancestor, had a

land concession an t t te i s l a n d o i t h e F o r t , t h a t i s , an t h e i s l a n d where s tood t h e s e i g n e u r ' s manclr and t h e F o r t crf S t . Franco i s . H i s l and ineasured four a rpen ts i n f r o n t a g e by t e r ~ i n depth, o f which two a r p ~ n t s were c l ea red for- p l a n t i n g , nex t t o which s tood t h e i r l o g home. G ~ i i l laume had been a m e m b e r o f t h e seigneur 's c o u n c i l .from t h e s t a r t and a l s o served as churchwarden u n t i l h i s death on June 1, 1719. He was r e p l a r e d by one o f h i s sans. C a r t i e r l e f t a l a r g e p o s t e r i t y in S t . Ft-ancois and t h a t name iz . one o f t h e most cummon i n t h e reg ion .

Meanc~hi le, i n St-O~cr-s, Mess i re Gndre Jot-.i an, p a s t o r , qrarcted sma l l concessi on5 to Antn ine Chapdelainr : t h r e e a rpen ts a t Fay K i c h a r d i ere, t w c + arpentzi t o V a l e r i e n Chapdelaine i n t h e same area and f o u r a rpen ts a t S t . Jean tu J e a n B a p t i s t e Chapdel a i n e . These g r a n t s da te f rom Rugust 4, 1736.

I n S t . Franco ic , P i e r r e Chapdelaine took a new b r i d e , Mar i e Jeanne F o r c i e r , daughter o f Joseph F a r e i e r and o f Ger t rude Joya l , on Dr tober 22, 1736. He was f n r t y-f i ve years 01 d and Mar ie Jeanne w a s cons i derab l y younger. It w a s h e r f i r s t marr iage. It should be noted that P i e r r e ' s new f a ther - in -1 aw, Joseph F o r c i e r , had remar r i ed t o Mar ie Anne Chapdelaine, s i s t e r o f P i e r r e , and was now l i v i n g i n St-01-crs. Therefore, P i e r r e *s s i s t e r became by mat-ri age, h i s step mather- in- law. A lso they acqu i red a new r e l a t i o n s h i p bes ides s i s t e r and b ro the r . They were now step son-in- law and step mother- i n--1 aw.

The Fo rc i e r s had s e t t l e d i n S t . Francai s 1 ong bef a re Andre Chapdel a i ne had heard o f New France. In lh76, Jean Crev ier , Seigneur o f St. Francais, had conceded a s i zab le parcel. u f land next t o h i s domain t o Rene Faure who had subsequent:.l y bu i 1 t a house on i t . However, Faure had sudden1 y 1 e f t S t . Frar-tcois t o t rade w i t h t he Dutch i n New York s ta te . Since Faure had not met h i s ob l i ga t i ons , t h a t i s pa i d no r e n t f o r same t i me, Sei gneur Crevi e r had repossessed the land and granted i t t o P i e r r e Fo rc ie r on January 21, 1690. P i e r r e then was not. a latecomer bu t had been i n S t . Francois a t l e a s t s ince 1673.

On May 18, 1690, wh i le plowing h i s f i e l d s , P i e r r e Fa rc i e r had been k i l l e d b y t he I r oquo i s Ind ians i n a su rp r i se r a i d . Hi s widow, Margueri te Girard, had remarr ied on November 30 o f t h e same year t o Captain Rene Obraham d i t Desmarais, widower o f Jeanne Blandea~t. P i e r r e was fo r ty - two at. h i s death. They owned e i g h t acres of cleared land, one musket, and a l o g cabin w i t h few Curnishings. They had had f i v e ch i l d ren : Joseph, Marie Marthe, P i e r r e , Jacques,and Jean F3apt.i 5t.e.

A t h i s age o f ma jo r i t y , Joseph, P i e r r e Chapdelaine's new father- in- law had marr ied Gertrude Juyal , daughter o f Jacques Joyal and a f Gertrude Moral. He a l so had received a va luable land grant i n S t . Francair j next t o t h e es ta te o f Clactde Pinard. The land measured e i g h t arpents i n Srontaye by f o r t y i n depth. I t t inc luded a house, a barn and a s tab le . Six arpents were c leared and planted, and

t h r e e were r e s e r v e d f o r hay.

G e r t r u d e J a y a l , h i s w i f e , w a s t h e d a u g h t e r of J a r q ~ t e s J o y a l , a master m a c h i n i s t who s p e c i a l i z e d i n t h e m a n u f a c t u r e a n d r e p a i r o f muskets. His f u l l name was Jacques L o c r i s J o i t i e l d i t R e r g e r a c , b o r n i n B e r g e r a c , F r a n c e , i n 1636. HE w a s t h e s o n o f E t i e n n e J o u i e l . H e h a d a r r i v e d i n M o n t r e a l i n 1658 a n d t h e n h e h a d moved t o T r o i s R i v i e r e s a y e a r l a t e r w h e r e h e o p e n e d a s h o p . On November 10, 1676, h e h a d m a r r i e d G e r t r u d e Moral, daughter o f Q u e n t i n Moral, g o v e r n o r a+ T r o i s K i v i e r e s a n d o f Marie M a r g u e r i e , widow a+ Jacques Martel. J o y a l t h e n b y m a r r i a g e w a s r e l a t e d ta O n t h t h e C o u t u r i e r s a n d F i n a r d s . Jacques J o y a l . d i e d ifi S t . F r a n c o i s an March 26, 1766 a t t h e a g e of n i n e t y - f o u r , l e a v i n g n u m e r o u s s o n s a n d d a u g h t e r s , many o f whom m a r r i e d i n t a the C h a p d e l a i n e f a m i l y .

' T h e r e f o r e , P i e r - r e m a r r i e d i n t o o n e o f t h e oldest f a m i 1 i e s o+ S t . F r a n c o i s . H e arrd h i s w i f e wou ld l e a v e a p o s t e r i t y m o s t a+ whom would l a t e r move t o t h e U n i t e d S t . a t e s .

T h e f o l l o w i n g y e a r , o n O c t o b e r 1 , 1737, Antaine Chapdel airte, t h i r t . y - t h r e e y e a r s old, m a r r i e d C a t h e r i n P o u d r e a u d i t G r - a v e l i n e , d a u g h t e r o f J e a n E o u d r e a u an o f F r a n c o i s e B a z i n e t , i n St-OUTS. L i I:: e h i s b r o t h e r s wha had g r a n t s i n t h i s v i l l a g e , A n t a i n e s e t t l e d o n h i s l a n d w i t h h i s new b r i d e .

A n d r e , s e v e n t y - o n e , w a s s t i l l s t r o n g b u t he c o u l d f e e l h i s a d v a n c i n g y e a r s t a k e

t h e i r t o l l . He beyan t o reduce h i s warh days and spent. more t ime daydreaming by the f i r e s i d e , p u f f i n g h i s lung p ipe and t h i n k i n g back t o h i s youth i n France. He fond ly recal. l e d h i s f a t he r , mother, b ro the rs and s i s t e r s . S t i l l he had carved a good l i f e f a r h imsel f and h i s c h i l d r e n i n the wi lderness and he had no regre ts . The ].and had been tamed, the Ind ian chal lenge had been met and peace reigned. I n twenty years, Canada would be wrenched +ram the French and passed i n t o Eng l ish hands b u t he wnuld no t be l i v i n g t o wi tness t h i s catast:.rophe.

I n %he f a l l o f 1736, Messire findre Jor ian, pastor o f St-Ours and pracura tor ,far t h e Seigneur u f St-QLW-5, left:. the v i l l a g e f o r a new pos i t i an . He w a s rep laced b y Messire Lou is Chardon, a young Frenchman -from t he diwcese of Auxerre, wha had been urdainet:j t en years e a r l i e r by Msgr. de St-.Vall . ier i n Quebec C i t y ss Father Cha rd~n was mur-e t he s p i r i t u a l f a t he r type and d i s l i k e d p o l i t i c s and t he t h i ngs u f thirs wt:srl.d. He d i d n c ~ t take crp t he prucura tur p o s i t i o n o f h i s predecessor bu t l e f t t he c:nncessior~ cs-f l and ta t he 1 ayfnen. Andi-.e Chapdel. a i ne servetj under h i m as (:h~..rrchwarden f o r a1 most t h r e e years.

The w i r i t e r a f 9 - 4 broi.\ght p ro f ot.ind change t.o Andre Chapdel a]. rie. 1-11 5 s t reng th s lowly began t o D o z e away and t he age l i n e s i n h i s face deepened i n t o Curraugha remin iscent af those he had scratched i n t o the ea r t h f a r so rrtany spr ings. A t hnme, the re remained: F ran ro i s Marie, 35; Jean Hapt is te , 32;

August in Seraphin, 5 : i indre, 26; L ~ 7 ~ f . i s 9 16; Mar ie Heine, 14; a n d his w i f e , Mar ie.

Spr ing and summer o f 1740 came and went. Andre no l onge r tended t o h i s garden, r a r e l y v i s i t e d t h e barn.

A s f a1 1 appr-oached, t h e people n o t i c e d t h a t on ions had inany l a y e r s o f sC::in, t h e po ta toes were toi.!gh w i t h many eyes, t h e s q u i r r e l s spor ted bushy t a i l s and t r h ~ hares snuggled under t h e i r m t r a th ick : coa ts o f w h i t e fur. F r o m a l l i n d i c a t i o n s , i t would be a l o n g c o l d w i n t e r .

Andre 's sons chopped and sawed woad. The f i r e p l a c e would e a t up l o t s of w o a d t h a t w i n t e r and the f a m i l y needed mure f i rewood than usual. Ey t h e f i r s t week: o f September, though a f t e rnoons were s t i l l ve ry warm, t h e a i r had changed and t h e people knew t h a t .fa1 1 had a r r i v e d . It wo~kld n o t be l ang b r f o r e t h e f i t - s t f r a s t would b lacken t h e squash v i n e s and snow t ' l c r r r i es wc?~!ld usher i n t h e w i n t e r season.

There 's a say ing as o l d as t h e co lany, "Le trois f a i t l e mois" . I t means t h a t t h e weather on t h e t h i r d day af t h e month w i l l be t h e weather t h a t w i l l p r e v a i l f o r the remainder o f t h e m o n t h . On October 3, 174(11, t h e f o r e c a s t was poor- . T h e wind howled f rom the nor thwest and s h u f f l e d t h e snow t h a t remained. Above, t h e sky hung low and heavy, d rea ry gr-ay snow c louds burdened w i t h a major storm. T h e sun had n o t shone f o r days and Andre f e l t l i k e t h e weather. Bedridden f o r a number o f days, he f inaZ 1 y lapsed i n t o unconsciousness. He awakened w i t h a moan. He was in p a i n

and i t was ev ident t h a t h i s e n t i r e being was undergoing d i sso l u t i on , t he a1 i enat ion of t he s p i r i t down deep where t h e soul connects t o the sinew and muscles. A l l t h a t n i g h t , t he wind howled and Andre moaned; minutes f e l t l i k e hours. He opened h i s eyes, stared, bu t the re was no recogni t i on. Fever i sh , he spoke o f France, chat ted w i t h h i s mother and fa the r . A11 n i g h t , Marie changed the co l d towels on h i s forehead. H i s c h i l d r e n came one by one t o s i t by h i s bedside. I t was a long, long n i gh t . By t h e e a r l y hours o f t he morning, the re was a calm, bo th w i t h i n Andre and w i t h t he wind.

By dawn, t he snow had covered the rank grasses of t h e f i e l d s and layed ready f o r the p r o f a n i t y o f t he a r c t i c winds awakened by the eastern sun. When they a r r i v e d from the northwest, they l u s t i l y undressed t he o l d evergreens wrapped i n t h e i r heavenly wh i te robes. Only t h e i r yea r l i ng youngsters snuggled warmly under the snow as though tucked i n by caressing hands wh i le t h e i r l i t t l e green heads w i t h f r i z z l y bonnets bobbed i n and out o+ t h e i r b lankets.

Young Andre, who bore h i s f i t h e r ' s ; name, went t o t he window t o survey t he barn and t h e road adjacent t o i t , a path he had t r o d many t imes w i t h h i s f a t he r who was sunken i n h i s bed, scarce ly breathing. H i s eyes misted. Outside, an t h e scrubs, several faded oak leaves, -Forgotten 1 i ke kites a f t e r a day's plan, flapped t h e i r wings. Now they were brown, then white, then suntanned s i l v e r , as they danced i n t ime t o t h e beats o f t he wind. The scrubs

howled as t h e wind w h i s t l e d through t h e i r i c y branches and each l i t t l e t r e e bowed i n memory o f t h e g i a n t aak:s, t h e i r mothers whose mor ta l remains l a y beneath t h e mounds cove r i ng t h e f u n e r a l p l a i n t h a t s loped g e n t l y u n t i l i t f e l l a b r u p t l y i n t o t h e S t . Lawrence. Through the snow g u s t s t h a t m is ted the window pane, young Andre s a w t h e barn, naked t.0 t h e wind, b u r i e d under t h e s w i r l i n g d r i f t s t o t h e southeast , appear ing l i k e a p o o r l y i nked rubber stamp. He p u t on h i s warmest fur coa t and woolen cap and made h i s way t o t h e barn, where t h e cow ne rvous l y munched and a n t i c i p a t e d m i l k i n g . He fell t o h i s knees and c r i e d .

E a r l i e r in t h e a f te rnoon , t h e eas te rn sky had drawn i t s c u r t a i n o f dar1::ness b e h i n d t h e shimmering snowf 1 akes c l i n g i r i g t a space b u t t h e l i g h t from t h e dy ing sun made p e a r l s of them. The wind, too, t i r e d o f p l a y i n g , f e l l asleep. L i k e a now i m p e r c e p t i b l e ghost , t h e barn disappeared i n t h e ha re o f a m i l l i o n snowf lakes t r a c i n g w h i r l y - g i g s b e f o r e k n i t t i n g themselves i n t o a v i r g i n a l ca rpe t .

Young Andre had r e t u r n e d f rom t h e barn. He was s tand ing by t h e window s t a r r i n g through t h e windowpane a t the o u t s i d e wor ld which had died. As he d i d , he saw Father Chardon s tand ing and reach ing o u t f o r h i s f a t h e r ' s forehead. The o l d gentleman w a s s l o w l y moving h i s tongue i n and ou t o f h i s mouth. H i s eyes remained c losed. Then he took one deep g u l p o f a i r and stopped a l l motion. H i s f a c e had tu rned a cha l ky gray.

A l l du r ing h i s agony, Father Chardon had been by h i s s ide, praying. The Church knows t he meaning o f death f o r She, too, i s a widow. On1 y i n hope can She r e j o i c e a t t he Resurrect ion o f Her Spouse, who i s ye t t a r e t u r n i n t he f lesh . That i s why Her mini .sters and p r i e s t s wear black, mourning t h e death o f Jesus Chr i s t .

Father Chardon, though a young man, was on i n t ima te terms w i t h death. He knew what was happening t o Andre, under t h e cover of pass i v i t y . He knew t he Andre was seeing, aver h i s r i g h t shoulder, t he f i r s t r ays of t he Sun o f J u s t i c e and t h i s L i g h t t h a t en l igh tens every man born i n t o t h i s world, was b r i ng i ng Andre t o a r e a l i t y more pr-afaund than any he had known. Death seemed so f a r away j u s t yesterday, impossible, always f o r o thers bu t no t f o r him. Yet here i t was. What was Death? Why would he d ie? Why, desp i te C h r i s t ' s death on t he Cross i n h i s place, d i d he s t i l l have t o d ie? Was i t f o r no th ing t h a t he had been barn? Was l i f e an i l l u s i o n ? I f God was t r u l y a l o v i n g fa the r , whiy d i d he s t r i k e him w i t h such a f r i g h t e n i n g sentence? I f he loved him, why would he d i sso lve i n t o nothingness, i n t o a h o r r i b l e , s t i n k i n g , r o t t i n g cadaver? What was t i s absurd i ty? Had God wronged him? Did God e x i s t ? Could t he re be an e v i l and perverse being t h a t had l e d him down t h e wrong path? Where? When? How? Was t he re s t i l l t ime f o r him t o know t he Tru th t h a t could save him? But o f what can D iv ine Tru th save him and haw? Then, f o r t h e l a s t t ime, Father Chardon stood over f indre.

Andre Chapdelaine died. L i k e a

caress ing breeze t h a t comes man k:naws n o t where and goes man knows n o t where, our f a t h e r had l e f t t h e ea r th . I t w a s l a t e a f te rnoon , October 4, 1740. A f t e r t h e t e a r s o f t h e f a m i l y , necessary t e a r s t h a t a r i s e f rom t h e depths, a l o n e l i n e s s , an emptiness, c r e p t i n t o t h e i r h e a r t s and has remained f o r more than t w o hundred and f o r t y years, i n a l l those who can c a l l Andre Chapdel a i n e " f a t h e r " . Three weeks b e f a r e h i s death, he had ce leb ra ted h i s seven ty - f ou r th b i r t h d a y .

T h e y b u r i e d him beneath t h e church, under h i s c a p t a i n ' s bench, nex t t o t h e bod ies o f Monsieur P i e r r e d e St-Ours and h i s w i f e . Such w a s t h e custom, i n accordance w i t h h i s rank and p o s i t i o n i n t h e co lony . Father Chardan wrote t h a t day, t h e s i x t h af t h e month, a t e r s e e n t r y t h a t betrayed h i s f e e l i n g s , "Today, we b u r i e d t h e body of Andre Chapdelaine, ch~!rchwat-den o f t h i s p a r i s h , dead a t t h e age o f seventy- f i VE. "

F o r t y - f o u r year5 l a t e r , on J u l y 6, 1784, when t h e n e w church of S t -O~t rs w a s b u i l t , t h e bod ies b u r i e d under t h e o l d church were exhumed and b u r i e d i n t h e n e w cemetery n f St-Ours. The bod ies o f t h e seigneur a n d h i s w i v e s were p laced i n a c r y p t fc.trnished by t h e i n h e r i t o r s o f t h e es ta te . Andre Chapdela ine 's c h i l d r e n , however, had became so d e s t i t u t e a t t h e conquest t h a t none cou ld a f f o r d a c r y p t o r tnonumen t . What remained o f Andre Chapdelaine w a s i n t e r r e d i n the presen t cemetery, where, a f t e r one hundred and n ine t y - two years, t h e r e remains no t r ace .

So i t w a s t h a t Andre was barn, came, lived, and died. May he r e s t i n peace, our fa the r .

NOTE: The above s t o r y was w r i t t e n by Henri Chapdel a i ne, edi. t ed by Edmond G. Chapdelaine and f u r t h e r ed i ted by t he e d i t o r s o f Je M e Souviens. Contents o+ t h i s a r t i c l e could no t be v e r i f i e d by t he e d i t o r s o f Je M e Souviens because i t w a s no t submit ted w i t h a b ib l iography.

THE SEVEN VOLUME

"DICTIONNAIRE GENEALOGIQUE

DES FAMILLES CANADIENNES"

by Mgr. Cyprien Tanguay.

Price: $195'00 plus $7.00 shipping and handling.

Mail orders to: Lucilie F. Rock 463 South Main Street Woonsocket, R.I. 02895

S~9+.9*

AA a bmvice t o a u h headm, L.ue w o d d &he ;to irukuduce one oX om

A ~ X ~ A Genealogical Soc ieL ie~ , doh aeR a%ohewwho m a g need help i n kueatrcking ancu-OLLu ukich cam- ptLine a Mdtive Rhade 76lmdm in ;the,& Rinemje.

The Rhode I s l and Genealogical Soc ie ty , Inc . was formed i n Apr i l 1975 a s a non-profi t genea logica l s o c i e t y i n t e r e s t e d i n br inging toge the r genea log i s t s , h i s t o r i a n s , a r c h i v i s t s , and any o t h e r s p ro fe s s ing an i n t e r e s t i n , o r concern f o r , t h e sc ience of in- v e s t i g a t i n g and record ing i n an accu ra t e manner t h e descent of persons and/or f a m i l i e s from ance'stors.

We hold workshops and l e c t u r e s each sp r ing and f a l l on a v a r i e t y of s u b j e c t s r e l a t i n g t o Rhode I s l and genealogy. Our q u a r t e r l y , RHODE ISLAND ROOTS, i s publ ished i n March, June, September, and December and a r t i c l e s from the membership a r e en- couraged. The Socie ty has publ ished PELEG BURROUGH'S JOURNAL which covers t h e yea r s 1778-1798 of t h e "humbly bold Bap t i s t min i s t e r " of Tiver ton , R I , and con ta ins many v i t a l r eco rds of Tiver ton and nearby towns t h a t a r e not i n t h e town r eco rds . [$19.00 pos tpa id from R . I . Genealogical Soc ie ty , Dept. RIAF, 128 Massasoit D r . , Warwick, R I 028881.

Also, THE RHODE ISLAND 1777 MILITARY CENSUS, which r an s e r i a l l y i n RHODE ISLAND ROOTS, has been publ i shed i n book form by Genealogical Publ ishing Co, Inc . 1001 No. Calver t S t . , Baltimore, MD. 21202 [$20.00 p l u s $1.00 postage and handl ing] .

To f u r t h e r h e l p , a i d and a s s i s t those working i n t h e genea logica l f i e l d , we maintain a Surname

F i l e which can he lp put them i n touch wi th o t h e r s working on t h e same family names.

We a r e p r e s e n t l y promoting and encouraging t h e a c q u i s i t i o n of microfi lms of t h e town r eco rds t h a t were made by t h e Church of J e s u s Chr i s t of L a t t e r Day S a i n t s [Mormon], t o be placed i n t h e Rhode I s l a n d H i s t o r i c a l Society Library [corner of Hope and Power S t r e e t s i n Providence] f o r pub l i c use . Some of t h e towns have a l r eady con t r ibu ted t h e i r copies of t h e f i l m s and t h e o t h e r s a r e being purchased.

I f you a r e i n t e r e s t e d i n jo in ing t h e Socie ty , p l ease con tac t our Membership Chairperson, M s . Denice E. Mi t che l l , 41 Merrimac Road, North Smith- f i e l d , R I 02895. The f e e is $8.00 per calendar year .

USEFUL AVURESSES FOR OUR REAVERS OF 3.M.S. -- -

Genealogical Department, Church of L a t t e r Day S t s . 50 East North Temple S t r e e t S a l t Lake C i ty , UTAH. 84150 [French records]

Pub l i c Archives of Canada 395 Wellington S t r e e t O t t a w a , ONTARIO KIA - ON3 Canada [Census, e t c . ]

Archives n a t i o n a l e s du ~ u g b e c [$8 -00 per a c t ] C.P. 10450 Ste-Foy , QUEBEC G1V - 4N1 Canada [B/M/D's]

Centre df/etudes acadiennes Un ive r s i t e de Moncton Moncton, NEW BRUNSWICK E1A - 3E9 Canada

[Acadian resources]

STATIST1 CS UPDATE

by Rev. Dennis M. Boudreau

I o f t e n wonder i f t h e r e a r e some of you out there who f i n d doing some Franco-American genea logies a cha l lenge a t t imes, a bore a t o t h e r s ? When you suddenly f i n d yourse l f i n t h i s predicament, what do you do? Do you put your genealogy away f o r a whi le and go back t o k n i t t i n g , o r t e l e v i s i o n , o r your d iscarded stamp c o l l e c t i o n ? Personal ly , I have found another s o l u t i o n , bu t you need t o have a f r i e n d o r two with a completely d i f f e r e n t nat ion- a l i t y than your own. I t ' s a l l t h a t simple.

This p a s t w in te r , wi th no Canadian o r Acadian work before m e , I had t h e chance t o do some research i n o the r a r e a s , f o r example t r e e s whose ances to r s inc lude English, I r i s h , I t a l i a n s and Portuguese. S t a r t i n g with t h e people a t p re sen t , a s we a l l do, and working backward, exposed me t o many sources of genealogy s t i l l unavai lab le t o those of u s com- p i l i n g our own French t r e e s . I cannot r e c a l l how many hours o r days were spent i n December through February pouring over l and documents, w i l l s , v i t a l records , p r i v a t e l y p r i n t e d genea logies , c i t y d i r ec - t o r i e s , a s I have t h i s p a s t win ter season. While t h e r e doing r e sea rch i n t hese o the r a r e a s , I a l s o kept my eyes open f o r what they contained t o he lp our own American-French e f f o r t s , and the fol lowing update i s what I have learned .

There i s a hidden wealth of information s t i l l untapped i n our l o c a l town and c i t y h a l l s , no t t o mention s t a t e a r ch ives , h i s t o r i c a l s o c i e t i e s and d i v i s i o n s of v i t a l s t a t i s t i c s . Also, when was t h e l a s t time you walked through one of our many Catho- l i c cemeter ies? How many French peop le ' s headstones

d id you s e e o r record?

Recently, I purchased two books which t o me a r e p r i c e l e s s gems of information. The f i r s t is a must t o have: GENEALOGIST'S HANDBOOK FOR NEW ENGLAND RESEARCH, publ ished i n Boston by t h e New England H i s t o r i c Genealogical Soc ie ty . Besides, breaking these s i x s t a t e s down i n t o coun t i e s and towns, i t l is ts s o c i e t i e s , and which town was formed from another and when, and so much more. Maps, b i b l i o - graphy, e t c . make up a s torehouse of genea logica l resources .

The second book I f e e l those of u s he re i n New England should no t be without , i s newly-pub- l i s h e d by our Socie ty , THE CATHOLIC PARISHES OF NEW ENGLAND, Edited by our own Armand and Mary Letourneau. It l ists very sys t ema t i ca l ly , every p a r i s h , Diocese, foundat ion d a t e , town and s t a t e i n which they a r e s i t u a t e d . Another g r e a t t o o l t o keep you from need le s s ly running around from one p l ace t o another .

MASSACHUSETTS RESEARCH

Researching v i t a l r eco rds i n t h i s s t a t e is easy i f you can remember t h r e e main s t eps : 1600's t o 1850, 1841-1890, 1890 t o p re sen t . These a r e t h e main sub- d i v i s i o n s .

1600's t o 1850: Although most of t hese records a r e l oca t ed i n t h e l o c a l town h a l l s o r p r i v a t e l y p r i n t e d family genealogies , t h e v i t a l r eco rds of t h i s time per- iod were p r i n t e d under a state-spon- sored program, with copies deposi ted i n l i b r a r i e s ac ros s t h e S t a t e . Many l i b r a r i e s have some of them; bigger l i b r a r i e s have more complete co l lec- t i o n s . Some town h a l l s have an

index t o t h e s e r eco rds , and depending how kind you a r e t o t h e town c l e r k , w i l l a c t u a l l y l e t you use them o r Xerox cop ie s of s a i d r eco rds .

1841-1890: The bulk of t h e s e r eco rds a r e l oca t ed a t t h e Massachuset ts S t a t e Archives, formerly i n t h e S t a t e House basement. Th i s p a s t March, it moved t o Columbia Poin t i n Dorchester , near t h e JFK L ib ra ry .

[220 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA.021251 [617-727-2816]. Records f o r t h e whole S t a t e between t h e s e y e a r s a r e l o c a t e d h e r e . No smoking o r pens allowed. Only p e n c i l s . There a r e indexes f o r B/M/D1s a f t e r which an a t t endan t w i l l s ecu re t h e volume reques ted , a s w e l l a s w i l l open i t f o r you. C e r t i f i c a t e s can a l s o be ob ta ined . Schedule M-F; 9AM-4PM.

1891-NOW: Reg i s t ry of V i t a l S t a t i s t i c s i s l o c a t e d oppos i t e t h e Boston Common a t 150 Tremont S t . , Room B-3 [Basement], Boston, MA. 02111 [617-727-0110] Schedule: M-F; 9AM-

11:30 & 2-4PM. Researchers must s i g n i n and wear a name t a g . Indexes of r e c o r d s of B/M/D a r e consul ted f i r s t , t hen r eques t s l i p s made o u t and brought t o a t t e n d a n t s who w i l l r e t r i e v e and open books t o exac t pages f o r you. C e r t i f i c a t e s a r e a v a i l - a b l e , and t h e dea th r eco rds a s w e l l a s births and mar r i age s must be reques ted .

A l l c e r t i f i c a t e s of b i r t h , marr iage and dea th a r e $3.00 each i n a l l t h r e e l o c a t i o n s . The only f r u s - t r a t i n g t h i n g i s when r eco rds a r e c losed due t o a- dopt ion o r i l l e g i t i m a c y , o r i f t h e volume i s f a l l i n g a p a r t and cannot be opened, o r ou t f o r r e p a i r . A s r ega rds Franco-Americans, t h e r e a r e indeed many i n c i t i e s and towns s t i l l unco l l ec t ed i n r e p e r t o i r e s , but t h i s i s a good second source of working.

CONNECTICUT RESEARCH

Each Connecticut town has kept i ts own v i t a l r eco rds from i ts beginnings t o t h e p re sen t , but a good c e n t r a l c o l l e c t i o n is t h e BARBOUR COLLECTION, loca t ed a t Connect icu t ' s S t a t e Library i n Hartford. Like Massachusetts, t h i s s e r i e s goes from t h e . 1 6 0 0 ' ~ t o 1850. Af te r t h a t da t e i t i s necessary t o v i s i t t he town h a l l s .

Town h a l l s a r e t h e b e s t b e t f o r f i nd ing r e s u l t s . A card-carrying member of a Connecticut (sometimes another Socie ty) Genealogical Soc ie ty has an open door acces s t o much of t h e ma te r i a l . B i r th r eco rds a r e c losed f o r t h e most p a r t , and w i l l only be given i f you can g ive them an exac t name and d a t e , o r have t h e c l e r k look it up your se l f . C e r t i f i c a t e s a r e a v a i l a b l e . I f you p l a n on v i s i t i n g a town h a l l , g e t t h e r e e a r l y i n t h e day, a s some c l o s e q u i t e e a r l y i f i t ' s a slow day, and t h e c l e r k has shopping t o do.

1897-NOW: Divis ion of V i t a l Records is loca t ed a t 150 Washington S t . , Har t ford , CT.06106 Again, acces s t o r eco rds is l i m i t e d t o in- corporated Connecticut Genealogical Soc- i e t i e s and i ts members. Access t o index- e s he re i s only on Friday mornings. To o b t a i n r eco rds over t h e counter , c a l l s l i p s must be f i l l e d ou t and given t o c l e r k s who w i l l search a l l r eco rds f o r you.

A l l c e r t i f i c a t e s i n Connect icu t ' s v i t a l r eco rds o f f i c e o r town h a l l s a r e $3.00 each. It's good to c a l l o r write ahead and le t them know you're coming.

MISSING I N PROVIDENCE??? - A s a t i p t o Rhode I s l a n d r e s e a r c h e r s seek ing

r e l a t i v e s (of a l l n a t i o n a l i t i e s ) who may have been born , mar r ied o r d i e d %PROVIDENCE OhZY: The Rhode I s l a n d H i s t o r i c a l S o c i e t y L i b r a r y ( c o r n e r of Hope and Power S t r e e t s , Providence Eas t S i d e ) have a s e t of volumes e n t i t l e d : BIRTHS, MARRIAGES iL\n DEATHS I N PROVIDENCE, 1636-1980, c o n t a i n i n g spouses names and d a t e s o f m a r r i a g e ; f u l l c h i l d r e n ' s names and p a r e n t s w i t h d a t e s of b i r t h ; d e a t h d a t e s w/ s p o u s e ' s names. For anyone who p a s s e d through t h i s c i t y , i t ' s a f a s t e r s o u r c e t h a n w a i t i n g 6-8 weeks f o r our v i t a l r e c o r d s t o r e s e a r c h . A t l e a s t , you w i l l be a b l e t o g i v e them a n e x a c t d a t e . Check it o u t !

L a s t l y , do n o t be mis led j u s t because a surname i s I r i s h o r S c o t s , E n g l i s h o r I t a l i a n , you never know where i t w i l l l e a d you. I r e c e n t l y d i d work f o r a f r i e n d of mine w i t h a Dutch E A l s a c i a n f a t h e r , and a n E n g l i s h - S c o t s - I r i s h mother . If you f o l l o w t h i s l i n e , y o u ' l l s e e where I go t back t o . . .

1. ELAINE M. CASEY + HARRY C . BARENDS 1 s t mg. 8 Nov. 1949-Boston, MA.

2 . JOHN J. CASEY + DOROTHY E. ELLIS 1st mg. 28 Nov. 1926-Boston, &I.

3 . JAMES F. CASEY + MARGARET M. KERR mg. 11 J u l y 1906-Boston, MA.

4 . J O H N J . KERR + ELIZABETH McCONNELL mg. 28 Feb. 1876-Montr6a1, PQ ( S t . Ann)

5. J O H N KERR + ANN KENNA mg. 2 1 Feb. 1843-~ue/bec C i t y , PQ (N.D.)

6 . JAMES KERR + MARGARET BOnE of Sco t land

.... r i g h t back t o Canada. You c a n ' t win!!!

PReae end any a n ~ w m t o f i e 6oUowing q u ~ f i a when Xlzey me dound t o t h e A. F.G .S. Rum& Commit- Xee, c/o Rhe Society addrta~. S&mting d h Akin &hue, &me wLU be a new n u m b ~ n g nyh;tem [i. e. V o h e ZX = 911, 912, 913, 914 . . . I . Plea& t e a m ;to Rkin n u m d c d sgn2e.m when m w d n g any qua- &Lon doh OWL membem. Thank you. W&ed dot each d e m ane lthe puke& and matrhiagu 06 .the doUowing. (Given h ;the muAhage 06 Xheh ckied ah Ahe L a x rn&age/b& doundl . 911- P i e r r e LEMIEUX t o V i c t o r i a JANAIS, of Laura-

town, ARK. Formerly of Vincennes, ca. 1703. (by Beverly J. McDonald)

912- Samuel PINE [or P&IN] t o Mary HAINES of Camden, N J , ca . 1795. Son ~ i m g o n was born t h e r e i n 1798, marr ied 1830 i n Cen te rv i l l e , OH. (by Dawna Pine)

913- Lewis AMELL [or HAME41 t o Vi rg in i a BENWAY [or BENOIT]. Daughter Adelia born 17/9/1843-4 i n St-Jean County, ~u/ebec . (by Aileen Migdal)

/ 914- Xavier METIVIER t o ~ e / ~ i n a ROY. Daughter Philo-

mgne married Henri Dumas 26/6/1893 i n F a l l River , MA. (by Gerard Samson)

915- Richard LANE t o Marie CARDINAL. Son R i c h y d married Marie Martin 6/7/1840-N.D. Montreal. (by Albina Bailey)

9/6- Edouard GAUTHIER t o J u l i e BOULET m a r r i e d 23/1/1810-1le-aux-Coudres, PO. Seed J u l i e ' s ~ a r e n t s ' names.(by Albina B a i l e y )

917- A l f r e d (Frank) DELOGUE t o D e l i n a L I X A U I T ( ? ) . Son ~ h g o d o r e m a r r i e d Ruth Mayes 11/9/1913 i n F a l l R i v e r , MA. (by Vonnie Carrogher)

9/8- P r o s p e r GAREAU t o 0di;e ?AFRICAIN [FRIBOTTEI FLIBOTTE]. Daughter Delima m a r r i e d A l b e r t Venne 10/10/1882-st-Ambroise-Kildare, PQ. (by Madeleine Maddock)

919- ~ a r t h e / l e / m ~ VIVIER t o Emi l i e >lARRET (MAROT?). Son Joseph m a r r i e d Lucy X a r t i n 27/11/1901 i n Spencer , MA. (by Ar thur Scarborough)

9 110- ~e/sire/ LEBRUN t o Sophie DALLAIRE/ALLAIRE. Son O l i v i e r m a r r i e d %Louise Paquin 241 10/ 1900 i n Warren, R I . (by E r n e s t Schumacher)

911 1- zLP9ir MACHON t o ~ o s g ~ h i n e DUBOIS . Daughter Angel ine m a r r i e d Ar thur L a n g l o i s 24/9/1894 i n Holyoke, MA. Also need p a r e n t s and marr i - a g e d a t a f o r Ar thur L a n g l o i s ' p a r e n t s : Lou is LANGLOIS t o Marie D e POTIER. (by C a r o l Mackey)

9/12- C h a r l e s (LA) R I V ~ R E t o A r s g l i e LAPLANTE. Son A l b e r t mar r ied J u l i e S u l l i v a n c a . 1871-2 i n New B r i t a i n , CT. (by Eleanor McKissick)

9/13- F r a n ~ o i s GENDREAU t o J o s e t t e FAFARD. Daughter ~ e / l i c i t e / m a r r i e d ~ i m e / P r a t t 24/10/1845 i n ~ r o i s - ~ i v i \ e r e s , PQ. (by R i t a Shane)

9114- Joseph CLOUTIER t o Anne DUPUIS. Son Joseph m a r r i e d Monique L e g a u l t 4 /7/1803 a t Ste-Rose- Lava1 ( M t l . ) . (by F l o r e n c e Anderson)

9115- George FALASTRE t o Augustine-Christine CUNY/ CUNE, poss ib ly marr ied ca. 1840-5 i n Alsace- Lorra ine , FR. (by D.E. Darrow)

/

9116- Alfred SEGUIN t o Rose CAMPEAU. Son Alfred was born 1862 i n ~ o n t r g a l v i c i n i t y . (by Richard Seguin)

91 17- ChristopheLAPORTE t o Sophie MAHEU. Daughter Marguerite married Jean-Baptis te Lusignan 13/2/1809-~ascouche, PQ. (by William Therr ien)

9/18- Michael CORBRATE t o J o s e t t e CADEAU. Daughter J o s e t t e marr ied Jean Cantara 1/2/1808 a t Yamaska, PQ. (by Michael Salvas)

/ 9119- I s a i e REMILLARD t o Marguerite COMETE. Son

Louis marr ied Domitilde Boyer 23/11/1847 a t N.D. L a p r a i r i e , PQ (by Rhea Power)

9/20- Need i n f o on Thomas CARRON/CARON, born ca. 1700, French f u r t r a d e r from Montreal a r e a . d ied 3/11/1782. Said t o have been a chief of t h e Menominee Indian Tr ibe . (by Gene Caron)

CARON FAMILY REUNlON

[from The Providence Journa l -Bul le t in]

Descendants of Robert Caron, who came t o t h i s country [ con t inen t? ] from France 350 yea r s ago, a r e i n v i t e d t o a family reunion on J u l y 5 t h and 6 t h . Re la t ives i n t e r e s t e d i n a t t end ing t h e reunion should con tac t L u c i l l e (Caron) Lagasse, 90 E l m S t r e e t , Goffstown, NH, 03045.

LIBRARIAN'S REPORT

Greetings from yaw Library Committee - Jan, Armand, Mary, Charlie and Rachel. Summer has arrived in Pawtucket a d everyone has plans for great vacation adventures. I f you travel th is summer md discover a place of particular interest t o AFGS members, l e t us know. We can share th is information with other club membersJn the meantime, exciting things are happening right here and I'd lib t o share them with you.

F i rs t I want t o thank every- who responded t o cur request for computer help. Following i s a l i s t of people who have responded in the last three weeks:

George Provost Attleboro, Mass.

CIrmand and Mary Letwrneau Pawtucket, R . I .

Robert Charpen t i e r Stonevi 1 le , N.C.

Irene Gauthier Canton, Michigan

Ernest Gagnon Manchester, Connecticut

John Cote, Jr. B r d l yn, C t .

Blanche Vogel Crystal River, F lor ida

Luc i 1 1 e Bosque t Buzzard's Bay, tlass.

A l f red Gaboury Lincoln, R . I .

NOT BAD FOR ONLY THREE WEEKS!! We really appreciate the response. It has been our goal since becoming a committee t o t r y t o involve in our activit ies as many people as possible who do not l ive in the immediate vicinity o f LeFoyer because we want a l l of you t o feel l ike active members. This seems t o be a good way of doing that and we thank a l l of you fo r such a warm response. We s t i l l have lo ts of projects so i f anyone else i s interested j r s t drop us a line.

We are s t i l l receiving contributions t o the Library Fund as you w i l l see by the l i s t of donations a t the end of th is report. The Library Committee i s very grateful for your continuing support of our efforts. Books are so expensive that it would be di f f icul t t o maintain our superb library without your generosity.Donations of money are applied t o books on order thus defraying expenses that the Board has already approved. We also receive books and magazines that members donate. This leads me t o mention another category o f donation that we receive a t the Library - the donation o f original manuscripts.

Over the past few years we have been very fortunate t o receive many books that have been wri t ten by our members. The Library Committee finds these donations t o be very exciting because they are the unique pieces that make our Library so nice. Mr. Richard Provost of Creston, Iowa; Virginia Pittelkow of Tallahassee, Florida; Edmond Spaeth of Fishkill, New York and Rene Bernier of Niantic, Conn, are some members who have shared their work with us and we thank them for making these otherwise unavailabe materials available t o us.

In addition several members have worked on family dictionaries. Roger Beaudry has completed the "Register of Beaudry Marriages in Canada 1650- 1980". Armand Letourneau is workng on a Letourneau dictionary; Arthur Lizotte has completed a Lizotte dictionary; and George and Richard Christian are working on a Christian dictionary. These wonderful book will be such a help t o family members who are doing research. Have you done this type of worW Send i t along to us!

When you read the l i s t of donations to AFGS, it will become apparent that Mrs. Cecile Martens has been very generous to the Society. She has donated many b W s t o the Library that are out of print and therefore unavailable for purchase. These books have been an outstanding addition t o our library and we cannot thank Cecile enough. Over the years she has been a most generous member and always giver freely of her time, energy, knowledge and experience. Thank you Cecile.

We have recently received a number of new batches of church records which we are getting ready for print. We have births and burials for St. Cecilia's in Pawtucket and marriages for Our Lady Queen of Martyrs in Woonsocket. How about you? Can you send us church records, census information, or vital stat ist ics from your area? Every l i t t le bit helps! Let us hear from you soon!

The Library Committee continues t o collect obituaries. The following people have been added t o our l ist of cantributers:

rirs. Doris Pail le f r w Massachusettes &s. Ed YakoubPK fran Two Riuers, Wisconsin firs. Emel int Proulx frcn Malkssachusttts )b.imd Hrs h i 1 Bouchard,Jr.fraa Beverly, Hass. &.Druid Courchanr fran East Cknatchee, Wa. tlr. and ttrs. Armand Letourneau fros R . I . Hs. Jeanne biszcz f r m NPW Bedford, k s s .

tls. Constance fl. Reda frcm Roeherter, N.Y. Ms. Thelma Warnkm fran Superior, h t a n a Ms. Luce Ortner frm Half Wry, F10.

(I would personally like to apologize to Mr. and Mrs.Bwchard for omitting them from ow last list. They have been sending us obituaries from the beginning of this projct. We really do appreciate it.) A1 Gabowy, Noella Bouliame a d Charles Gaudet continue to organize all the material that is sent to us. We are all so pleased with the response to our challenge. We would still like to hear from m a n of you. How about clipping some obituaries, wedding announcements, or fiftieth wedding anniversary notices? I t wan't take long and it will really help. COMB ON - JOIN US !! Wouldn't you like to pin the Library's 'Foreign Legion?"

Armand and Mary continur their diligent work, They are currently concentrating m making a bound copy of the Forget File for use at the Library. This will be r wonderful addition to the reference section of our Library and we are eager to receive the finished projcct. They are also continuing their work on the New Bedford records and are helping coordinate all the material that we are sending to all our volunteers around the country.

Mrs.(=namer has volunteered to take care of our bulletin boards. Remember we will gladly post your messages then - b t send them to us.

Please note the list of new pwchases at the end of this repart. Your Society continues to be committed to purchasing all new repertoires and family histories as they become available. If yw have a particular book that you would like the library to pwchasc, please let us know. I would be happy to purchase it if I can. THIS IS YOUR LIBRARY.

Again we wish to thank Bd Poliquin who wins the title of resident carpenter. I wish you could see him at d!! He is an artist with wood. This week he added new shelves to wr

cabinets.(The Library Committee fills them up as fast a s he maks them.) Lucky for us Ed i s W i n d - otherwise he'd have to quit his Job.

Your Library Committee weds y w r help a d thrives an your constructive criticism. If we omit your name from our report when it should have been included, p l r r u lot us know.We appreciate the co-operation of the officers and the Borrd of Dircctm who have always been so supportive of our efforts. This library, however, belongs to the entire membership of AFGS. We want to serve y w needs but please remember that we are only five individuals. Won't you write to us and let u s h o w what you are willing to do to help us to serve you better ?

Jan m a r t Librarian

Premier Fortin dJAmeriauet Julien Fortin par Cora Houdet. Donated by Barbara Cofer.

Les Acadiens dans Belle~hasse~ par Pierre-Maurice Hebert. Donated by Jacqueline La Brasse Miller.

Jean Gaudet and His Two Wives Besinnirq with 1575. Donated by Jeannette Pannechi.

Le Cinauantenaire Sacerdotal de M Q ~ . Jose~h-Alfred Laliberte Prelat de Sa Saintate Cure-fondateur de la Paroisse de St-Mathieu de Central Falls R.I., hmanche le 27 Avril, 1941. Donated by Chsele Vigeant.

Ramelons-Nws Plessiville 1835-1985. Donated by Armand and Mary Letwrnrau.

Ste-Anne de Beauwe Souvenir BooKlet. Donated by Jeanne Swiszcz.

French Line Tourist MID af France. Donated by Jeanne Swiszcz.

Nexus Vol 11, #2 and # 5. Donated by Henri Leblond.

R.I. History V01.44~ #2 and # 3. Donated by Henri Leblond.

The New Enaland Historical and Genealoaical Reaister Vol. 1391 A~r.1985 and Oct. 1985. Donated by Henri Leblond.

Some Descendants in the U.S. o f A lber t Parot and Marie-Louise Letourneau of S t - P h i l i ~ ~ e de L a ~ r a i r i e ~ Quebec. Donated by Dwothy Parrott Drake.

La Societe Canadienne Francaise au XIXe Siecle, par Gerard Parizeau. Donated by Madeleine R. Gray.

Memoirs Vo1.2 #4, Vo1.3 441, Vo1.6 #2, Vol.14 # l i t Vo1.24 # 3L and Vo1.16 444. h t e d by George and Richard Christian.

Quebec t o New Enaland: The L i fe o f Monsignor Charles Dauray by Ambrose Kennedy. Dclnated by Noella Bouliane.

Persons Havinq French Surnames 21 Years of Aae and Uwards in the Town of Basthrm~tonr Mass. January 19441 by Rene Bernier. h a t e d by Rene Bernier.

Town of Gloceoter R.I. Year BOOK 1978,Donated by Robert Quintin.

The Star of La Rochelle. Donated by Gabrielle Gadbois.

St-Bdmond de Grantham - Naissances e t Maria~es. Donated by J.A.Hichaud.

1900 CImw of St. Lwis Corar t~~ Minnesota - 4th Recinct. Donated by Rosemary Benson.

Hobert Family BooMet i982. Donated by Adrienne 0. Lessard.

Thibodeau Family Reunion Book 1984. Donated by Adrienne 0. Lessard.

Sur Les Traces De L'Hcritrpe F r rnca i s en Nowelle-Amleterre - Boston. Donated by Claire Quintal.

L'Emiurant Acadian Vers Les Etats-Unis 1842-1950L publie sws la direction de Claire Quintal. Donated by Claire Quintal.

H Y Canadian Ancestry in R e t r o s ~ e c t ~ by Leandier Judson Cole. Donated by Pierre Gagne dit Bellavance.

Guide Officiel des Franco-Americains* 1940. Donated by Pierre Gagne dit Bellavance.

Reaister of Beaudry Marria~es in Canada, 1650- 1980 :Donated by Roger Beaudry.

Les Therricn Bulletin Genealooiwe de 1'Association Le Ralliement des Familles Jean e t Pierre Therrien ( TerrienL Therien, Taylor, Farmer) Mar. 1985 Vo1.i # 1 Aug. 1985 Vo1.2 #2. Donated by Leo Therrien.

Rewrtoire Toowrymiwe du Quebec 193%. Donated by Aime J. Lariviere.

Belisles of America. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Notes Historiaue Sur la Paroisse de St-Guillaume DIUotont par F. L. Desaulniers. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Windham, Vermont 1770-1900. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Marriaae Records of Barre and of Berlinl Washinaton County Vermont. Donated by Cecile W artens.

Marriaaes in Montpelier, Vermont. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Jacwes Perrault LIAineL par Jacques Mathieu des Archives Nationale du Quebec. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Genealoaie des Familles Le Voltiaeurs de DrummondvilleL P.Q. Donated by Cecile Martens and Joseph A. Michaud. - Genea lo~ie des Frmilles Le Nouveliste de Trois-Rivieres1P.Q. Donated by Cecile Martens and Joseph A. Michaud.

The French-Canadian Heritrae in New EnalandL by Gerard J. Breault. Donated by Gerard J Breault.

Catholic Church Records of the Pacific Northwest Vol.1, St. Paul 1839-1898. Donated by Mary T. Desrochers.

Catholic Church Records of the Pacific Northwest V01.2~ Vancouver and Stella Maris Mission. Donated by Mary T. Desrochers.

A ctenealwical History of the Lwis Defov (El/ Fraser Family From Quebec to Redford* New YorW. Donated by Richard Provost.

Abel d i t Benoit Genealoov of Virainia Mawaret Dubav (Dube) and Duke / Duchesneau Gsnealoaies of Virginia Haroaret Dubav (Dubel. Donated by Virginia D. P i t t e l h .

Hariaaes do le Diocese de Rimausk 1902-1925. Donated by Cecile Martiem.

The Census of St-Severe Parish 1885. Donated by Joseph H. Bessette.

Our French-Canadian Ancestors Vol, 2tby Thomas J. LaForest. Donated by Cecile Martens.

The Lemin (Ca Here) Familh by Linda Turner. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Lemire CwRles and Their Children. Donated by Cecile Martens.

Child's Directory of Grand Isle Countyl Vermont 1882-1883. Donated by Edmond Spaeth.

Cap-St-la~ce 1672-1970. Donated by J. A. Hichad.

Genealoa~ of the French Families of the Detroit River Reaion 1701-191 i t Vol. 112 and 3.Donated by Cecile Martens.

La Famille Papin 1653-1953.

Vincent Beaumont et ser Descendants 1668-1968.

Une Branche de la Famille Amyot-Lar~eniere,

Siwrrs - Dictionaire Genealoaioue Des Families, Ginsras. 5 Vols. - Noel Lamlois 1606-1684 et Ses Fils.

Histoire de la Famille LaVerane.

Bibliwra~hie de Genealwicm e t Histoire de Familles.

Vieilles Familles de Nicolet.

Tricentenaire des Familks Fiset 1664-1960.

Nos Ancetres au XVIIeme Sieclq~ par Archange Godbout. N0~5,4,5,6

Les Passaaers du St-Andre (La Recrw de 1659).

Vieilles Familles de France.

Fiaures dlHier e t D'Aujordlhui a Travers St-Laurent, 1.0. 3 Vols.

Urbain Jette - Premier Ancetre Canadian 1627-1684.

Re~ertoire St-Casimir de Ripon. Ba~temt! e t Serwltures 1866-1901 e t Hariaaes 1866-1964.

The History of Madawaska - An Enalish Translation.

H adawaskan Heritape.

St-Prime 1872-1980

St-Methode 1888-1980

Bouraeois Linest by Kenneth B. Toups

Recensement da la Pirroirse Notre-Dame-de-la-Visitation de Chamnlain 1885

Recensement de la Paroisse Ste-Anne dlYamachiche 1885.

Recensement de la Paroisse St-Boniface-de-Shawiniaan 1886 d

History of the Church in New Ermland. 2 Vols.

Pictou County Nova Scotia Death Records. Vol, 1 1864-1869, V01.2 1870- 1874

Huguenot Refuaees in the Settlina of Colonial North America.

Vallee de la Matapedia 1873-1984

Mariaaes de Bonfield 1882 e t Mattawa 1863.

Sault-Ste-Marie, St-Ianace, Ste-Croix, Precious Blood, Holy Name of Mary, Dubreville, Wawa.

Sudbury, L'Annonciation, St-Dominipuet St-Euaenet St- Jean-Brebeuf ,

North Bayr Assomption, Ste-Aanes, St-Vincent.

Genealoay Handbook of the New England Historic G ~ n e ~ l o ~ i c a l Society.

Index of Marriaaes Vols. 1,2 and 3. by Youville Labonte.

Les Grandes Familles de Les Eboulements 1736-1899. V0ls.1~2 and 3.

Births and Marriaaes of St-Anthony, Jackman, Maine and St-Sebastien, Madison, Maine.

Harriaaes of St.Louisr Sacred Heart, St.Phili~ auburn^ Maine.

200 Family Trees From France to the United States, Vols. 1,2,3,and 6.

Mariaaes de Comte de Clinton, N.Y..

Births, Marriaaes, Deaths of St-Thomas-de-Caxton 1904-1983.

Births, Marriases, Deaths of St-Edouard of M a s k i m e 1915-1983.

Bottin Quebecois des Chercheurs en Genealwie.

The Dube's - The Descendants of Arthur Dube and Marceline Cote A

Etude sur Louis Bureau dit SanSoucvt par Rene Bureau.

La Terre de Robert Giqueret par Raymond Gariepy.

L'Ancetre William Ross (1732-1808)L par Eddy Ross.

Edouard Aube, Journaliste~ par Kathleen Mennie.

Mariaaes de St-Francois-dlAssise (Ottawa).

Mariaaes de St-Malo, Quebec 1899-1979.

Mariaaes de la Cote-de-Beauport 1891-1380.

Baptisms and Burials of St-Alsxis-dee-Monte, Masilinonae.

Mariaoes de la Reaion Ouest de Rimouski 1836-1984.

Mariaues de Ouest de Matane.

LIAncetre Mathurin Tessier (1639-1703).

Les Gravel de Chateau Richer.

Proaramme de Recherche en Demo~ra~hic Historicwet Vols. 27,28 ,29 ,30 .

NEW MEMBERS 13(313 Joan Achezml 7 F'iet-ce S t . F'awtt_ici::rt. H I (:)286O 1334 Dot-is A. A l l a r d 139 F'enn S t . San Dimas. CA 91773 1352F Annette A l l a r d 14 Timberlane Ed. New Bedfot-d. MA 02745 1298 Eleanot- G . E a l d i c &1 Mar iners Lane Fa1 fi is~!th. MA 02540

Jovctll Ranachow.;C::i 1 :T .-3 -7

7 T i 7 - .JL.:~(.) S. 15th S t . M i l wau1::ee. W I 53215 1.7"- . C l a i r -e Z., I-.esl i e Eank::.s 137 Ohi o A v e . F'rc~vidence, B I [!24(:)5 1253 Ann Leblanc E a t - i l l a s 213.6 Nnt-th B r i g h t u n Ec~.it-banl::, CA 5'1504 1321 J I - i l i e t t e Deal-1.liecr p. a. En;.: 5137 New London. CT C!&320 1271 Paul i ne E. EE~I-rt-egat-d F'. 0 . Eij;i 1264. AF'O New '{iit- L: r:)9 1213 1538 Kichat-d E e l a i r 7 Meaduwbt-aoC: Rd. Autjctt-1-1. MA i i l 5O i 129 1 R12bet-t 1-. Eel l 2 L. ig ian C t . Johr~ston, R I 02419 1243 Alhet-t Bet-niet- Jt-. 533A Hammcrrld St. Eangor , ME 6441:) 1 1254 Henrv E. Fis,snnnette 2069 Mendon Rd. . A p t . Cumber1 and, R I (:I2864 21s 3 . 3 . Lec~ A. Bla i t - 5F Old F'1.ains Ed. W i l l i m a n t i c . CT C1622hL 1311 Ponald F. E l o u i n P- - 2.A Brown St.. F'r-nvi dence, R I 024(:)& 1 .-?cn Luc i I I E Eul-lsn~re.t 5b Gat-den t - lomec S t . Et_t.zzards B a s , M A (32532 131" P a t r i c i a Ert-!no 1.514 Bet-t-v S t . C a l i st.c+ga, CA 94515 1325 Mat- i lvn M. Cant lay h25 Cl. i f f Ut- . ~ p f i . 05, CA $'5(:)(:13 1327 M s . Vnn Cat-t-agher E~:.: 522 Em Freetown, MA 02717

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1 Dt3nald E. F l e u e t % e 65 Locust. S f . E e l 1 j. riqham, MA (:!2C119

1 1 . 1 3 2 6 I-. v i t - q i n i a F u l l e t - 1.657 W h i p p l e S t . For-t H u r o n , MI 48060 1276 G a b t - i r - l l e C a l l e n i;adl:?nis L i t t l e Pond C o u n t y Rd. Cumbet- 1 a n d . R I C!2864 !31:)3 I t - ene G a c ~ t h i e t - 337c Eet-wicl:: C a r i t o n , MI 48188 1 2 6 2 Get-aldir-ie G i e s i e r 1 9 2 4 U a i s v L a n e T w u K i vet -s . W I 5 4 2 4 1 1 3 1 7 S a l l v A . G o u l e t t e 2 9 5 1 Stri et.et- Dt-. E : . Z J ~ C i i " ~ . -. .. 7 4g7(1)& l Z 6 Q L e s l e e A . Green 7654 Q u a i l Run L a n e Manassas 2 2 1 1 Q 1272L D u n a t H a m e l .55 B y r o n Ave. F'.sc~t i!c k ~ t , H I !:>2e&(:! 134C) F a c r l i n e F:. Har-t-is 1 1 Wuudlawn Rd. N. S l ~ i th:i el d . F I i::289t 1 2 4 9 N a d i n e G a u t h i e t - H e p n e l l 256 D a l t o n Wav G u l P t r a . ,-." "-7

,pi 7 .in 1 1. 7 1 2 9 4 C l a u d e W . H i j c ~ l e L. I 3 2 6 B e n ~ f i t S t . r-I r ~ ~ . J ~ ' I J E : - l.:et, R I !:)28&,:,1

1295 Adt- ien I?. I-liljcrle 526 k n e f i t St. F'awt~.i.ci:.et , R I (328&, 1 1278 M a r g a r e t Hut- l e y 2 4 3 5 F e l t S t . , $ 1 1 8 Sarita C.'t-ur. 75<!&2 1 2 6 9 Marie K, ..3i menez P.0. BE#:.: 9 1 9 S-. ~ ~ ~ ~ i . i : h b t - - i d ~ ~ e , - MA C!iF;f-:,<:)

- 127(1) St-. Tanva J ~ z h n s u n 1 3 6 3 6 Maham Pd. . # I 2 0 rjall as. T X 7524~:) 1 2 4 8 Jnseph J ~ x l l y 3&(:14 T ~ ~ t - r e y p i n e s F:d . Rio Hancho . NM 87124

1 2 5 1 E e r t h a L. t:::alp -777 L.:.:.-.$ C a n z o n e t S t . Wasdl. a n d H i 11 5, C A

9 1 3 '7

1 3 4 7 F D e n n i s Prel l y 96 W h i p p l ~ Ave. Mat-.wicb:, R]: !:i:@EjrS 125t:) J a n i c e I-. l :::i.ssellr?urg 4 6 1 R i c e Ave. Y p s i l . a n t i , MI 4 8 1 9 7

1281 Marvin D. Muhlhausen 10128 B e l l I nn Lane E l l i c o t t C i t y , MD 21043' 1288 Marga G. Mctlhcllland 3 Manwarring Rd. Not-wich, CT 06360 1289 Robert A. Neac~l t 304 Lakeshore D r . B a t t l e Creek. M I 49015 1346 Kay Naoker 1823 13th St. Two Rivers. W I 54241 1252 P a t r i c i a M. Olson P.0. Ba:.: 188 Clear Lake, WA 98235 1290 Ronald N. Pa t ras 99 Manvi 1 l e Rd. , Apt. 3 Woonsacket, R I 02845 1287 Robert L. Pavet te 7738 B 4 0 t h St. W . Tacoma, 14A 98466 1244F E s t e l l e M. F ' e l l e t i e r 162 Chestnut St. Rehaboth. MA 02769 1292 Norma Penhollow =TI ad48 Boswell Ave. Memphis, TN 38119 1256L Deborah N. P h i f e r 1276 Elm Eeactmant, CA 92223 1286 Janet M. P h i l l i p s 2314 Marqctette Wood=. Rd. S tevensv i l l e . M I 49127 1267 Ruth E. P ie rce 741 Bahama S t . , NE F'al m Bay, Fl, 32905 1279 D o r i s G . Pinsonneaul t 109 F'ine St. Sa~t thbr idge, MA 01550 1300 Mavis B e l a i r Reid 6130 Maytown Kd. SW Olympia, WA 98502 1302 W i 1 1 i am t:l. Rorheleact 186 West Spr ing S t . West Haven, CT 06516 1264 Madeleine F:. Rundeau 33 Lebrun Ave. Waansocket , H I U284S 1318 Roger C. Ross 89 Ferncrest D r . R i v e r s i de, R I 02915 1265 Joseph E. Rothemich 14 Wa1E:er St. Ct-anst an, HI 02920 1329 Jane Russel l 2605 C L I ~ ver Midland, TX 79705 1328 Annette G. Savoie 150 Dartmocrth St. F'awtucket, R I (:)2860

1342 Ar thur L. Scarborocqh 13236 NE Shaver S t . F'ortland, OR 97230 1301 P a t r i c i a Suzanne Severson r 7 4.~9 Hoptree Court Luui s v i 1 1 e, CO 80027 1282 Thomas R. Seymour 944 Northwood NE . Grand Rapids, M I 49505 1310 W i 11 iam J. Shampine 3849 River Wal b: D r . D ~ l u t h , GA 30136 1257F A lv ina C. Shaw 3 Rov Ave. M i dd l etawn, K I 02840 1275 Jud i t h A. Spooner R t . 1, Box 111 Two Harbors, MN 55616 1332 Russel l W. S t . H i l a i r e P . O. Box 7000 1 San D i ego, CA 92107 1322 Darleen Stone U n i t 58 Kinsev, MT 59338 1348 James F. Townsend 13701 Andele Way I r v i n e , CA 92720 1296 P h i l i a s V. V a i l l a n t 268 Dct1 ~ tde Ave. Woonsocket, R I 02895 1320 Richard G. Vincens 4 Stonef i e l d D r . E. Sandwich, MA 02537 1277 S h i r l e y Vranes

. 825 Col orada kve. Palo A1 to , CA 94303 1305 L t . Marl:: P. Watson USCGC Nurthwi nd Wilmington, NC 28402

. (WAGE-282) 1297 L inda firchambault Weber E-32 Wedgewoad New Har t fo rd , NY 13413

INDEX F O R JE ME SOUVIENS W I N T E R 1985

F o l l w i n g each e n t r y i n t h i s index you w i l l see a se r i es of nunbers 1 ike t h i s 16: 4-8, The f i r s t number i s a code which r e f e r s t o a p a r t i c u l a r volume of Je Me Souviens, The seccnd set o f numbers r e f e r s t o the pages tha t should be consul ted. I n t h i s case, 16 stands f o r Winter 3885 and 4-8 stands !or pages 4-5.

Special thanks t o Kathryn Sharp who worked hard c m p i 1 ing !he in format ion f o r t h i s work; and Jan Burkhar! f o r t vp ing the n a t e r i a l , We are not pro fess iona l index makers but we hope t h a t t h i s attempt t o index our f i n e journa l w i l l prove t o be usefu l t o you.

Construct ive c r i t i c i m or c m e n t s mar be addressed t o the A.F.G.S. L i b r a r y c m i t t e ,

Aigonqu i n A e a u , !Notary) A e a u , Sever i n Archamhaul t , Den i s Arsenaul t , Bona Aube, Sieur

Bad i shon Ba i l l on , Catherine Barbier d i t l e Minine, G i l b e r t

Barre, Char lo t te 16:47 Barthe, Char lo t te l6:69 Bary, Per i n 16:s Baudrr, Mar ie-Jeanne 16:65 Baune, G i l l e t t e 16:l-28 Baune, Mar i n 16:2 Bedard, Charles 16:35 Bergeron, Adr ien 16:42 Bernen, Duque t 16:19 Bernard, Francoise 16:26 Bernier, Louise 16:59 Ber tau l t , I s a b e l l e f6:l-28 Bertaul t , Jacques 16:l-28 Bertaul t, Jeanne 16:l-28 Bertaul t, Marguer i te 16:l-28 Ber tau l t , N i co las 16:l-28 Bertaul t, Suzanne 16:l-28 Bertaul t, Thmas 16:4 Besloin, Andre ld:60 Besloin, Merr 16:dO B i a t , Marie 16:5 Blanchette, h a 16:37 Blouard (B lou in or Bestain!, Anne 16:6O Blouard (Blouin o r Bes lo in j , Catherine l6:60 elouard i B l o u i n or Besloin), Emery 16:60 Blouard (Blouin or Besloin), Jacques 16:60 Blouard lB1ouin or Besloin), Jean 16:60 Blouard (B lou in or Besloin), Har ie 16:60 Blouard (B lou in or Besloin), Harie-Fran 16:60 B lou in - Genealogy 16:64 Blouin, Andre 1 6 5 9 Blouin, Anne 16:57-$6 Blouin, Catherine 16:57-66 Blouin, Claude 16:58 Blouin, Emerr 16:57-66 Blouin, Francoise 16 : 57-66

B l o u i n , G a b r i e l B l ou i n , Genev i eve B lou i n , Jacques B l o u i n , &ah-Bap t l s te B!c[uin, L o u i s B l o u i n , Lou ise B l ou I n, f larguer i !e E l ou i n , Mar i e-Franca i se Blou i n , Mar ie-Lou i se B l o u i n , M a r i e f l a d e l e i n e B l o u i n , f l au r :ce B l o u ~ n , M e d c r i r P l o ~ i r t , Paul B l a u i n , P i e r r e B l o u i n , Pene B l o u ~ o , R e n e q i i h e ! B lau r n, ' f ves -Franco is B l o u r n ( B l o u i n : ~ , Jean S o i r e , !sabei l e Bal ssonnea;, '.J...rcen! Ba issonneau-Satn tony , t i i n c e n t Bonmour Sortnel j ~ a n r e Boudard, ;earJ Eouin, F r a n c c i s e B g u r g e ~ r s , Yar2ue; i ?e Bover , M a r i e Br i sse t , Jacoues Brochu, Jean Brune l , Jacques Brune l , Jean B r u n e l , J e a n ~ e

C a i l l o t , Jean Caapagna, Charles Campeau , Angel i ~ u e Cainpeau, H i co l as Carreau , Jooseph Carreau, Lou is Carreau, Marie i a tauba Cayuga (Gorogou ins) ChamberIan, Marguer I !e Chardavouenne , Jeanne Chart i e r , Monsieur Chatel - Char! Chatel, Cordel i a Chatel, F r a n i o i s Chatel , Lean Chatel , no ise Chauf our, Denise Chauv i n , Jehan Chauv i n , Mar i e Chauuin, Mar i n Chauv i n , IJ ico las Cherokee Chicot , Jean Chr i s t i an , Cas im~r Ch r i s t i an , Delphine Cl osse ! Lamber t C l o u t i e r , Zacharle Coul onne, Cather ine Courcel les , Governor Cre t ien I C h r i s t i a n l , Jean-Baptisie Crev ier , Christophe

D'Ai 1 leboust, Charles des Husseaux D'Ai 1 leboust , Governor Damien, Antoine Dmours Dandonneau d i t Lajuenesse , P i e r r e Dau te iu i l , Ruette de B u l l ion, Hadame de Chuneder, Pau! de Godefrov, Lou 1s tie l a Dauversiere, H. de l a Fer te , Juchereau de ? a P e l t r i e , Hadwe de 1 a l e s s e r i e de \ 3 Vaux, Catherine de Labadie, Jacques de Laf on t a i ne , Hadame de Lauzon, Jean de l a v a l , Bishop de Lauan , Geneu I eve-iou lse de Maisonneuve, f lonsieur de Hontmapnr, H. De Noyon d i t Desnorers, Jean De Puiseaar, P ie r re de Repent i pnr, Y . de RacheDe! ! e , tlor i n de T i ! l r de Gin, Renee Delaplace, Father Delpesche, Cather lne Denar t d i t Laplume, Char1 e5 Denar t , Simon Denis, Simon Den i sot , Desnos

Derrcke, A1 ber t Derrcke, Heien Derricke, !!arguer r !e Desnarais, Pere Eugene Dodier, Sebas! ien du Her isson, M i the! Leneuf Du Viuier, Adrienne Duhamel , Andre Duhanel , Annette Duhamel , Beatrice Duhamel , Cordei i a Duhamel , Elen ina fruhamel, Fe1icite Duhamei, Helene Duharael ! Mar i anne Duhamel, Pierre Duhamel ! Pierre-Nolasque Duharnet , Rose-Anna Duhamel , Urbain Duhamel , 'f:!onne Duperon, Father Jaseph Imbert D u ~ o n t

Erie Esnaul t , Simon

Fafard, Harie Anne Fer te, Juchereau

F i l l ion, Pere F ranc fo r t , Jeanne Franc is 1 F:esnelle, M iche l i e

Gadois! Francoise Gapne, f lar i e Garneau - Genealogy Garn i er , flar i e-Lou i se Gauthier, Gabr ie l Gauthier, Jean Godbout, Archange Gode, Francois Gode, Francoi se Gode, Mathur ine Gode , N i co l as Cory, Jean Grande Recru i t Guav, Igaace Guron, Charles Guron, 31 aude

Hebert d i t Jo l icoeur , August i n 16:4: Herau l t , Marie ! 6 : 5 Herou d i t Bougainui l l e , Jean 1d:li-12 Hiesse, Jean 16:s Hiaber t , Jeanne 1C:5P Huaul t , Charles Jacpues 16:47 Huron 16:48

Illinois Indian Ancestor Charts Indian Tribes

La Fraicheur, Sieur Labadi e , h a n d a Labadie, Antoine Descanpter Labadie, Charles Ffeder !ck Labadie, Ernest Ir, Labadie, Louis Labadie, Moise Labadie, Nicalas 5, Labadie, Pierre Labadie, Susan Delphine Lacel le, Angel ique Laimerr, Pierre

Jahan-Lauiofette, Catherine Janisse, Mrs. Louis Jette, Rene Joinville, Mrs. E.V. Jolr, Marie Joques, Father Juchereau, Noel Juchereau, Pierre

Lang!o~ s, Jerome 1&:3 :angin is , Made le in? ; & . A ? A - , - &

La r ig lo i s , Eo i i c i&:z L a n j e l d l ! D p s r o s ! f r s , r t a r i p Char:$!te i f i : 2 7 L a n i e r d ! ! Desros :e rs , du i en 16:27 Latouche, J u l i e n 1:: Latouche, There% 16:24 Laurence d l t i o r a n 3 e , i j t h e r . : e : 4 : 5 Laurence d ! ! Lorange, Jean I 4 =. L

Laurence d i t Lorange, Har i e 16:s i au repce d i t Lor a n p , ij:cc: as 1&.:5 Laurence d i t Lorange, !he1 14 : 5 Lauresce d i ? Lorange, P i e r r e 16:: L a v a l l e e , J u t r i 16:? ~ a v i o l e t t e , S i e u r 1i:dO !e Besson, Cap!, P i e r r e 16:53 Le Brun t Mar ie-c lngel iaue 16:58 Le Po i t e v i n , Jean G r e f f a r d 16:dO Le S a i s r , H a r l n j t : 2 Le Saize, N i i o l a s ld:? i e c o ~ . Char 1 es 16:53 iernav, M i c h e l 11:4 Lerouge, J e a r x 16:60 i e s c a ! i e r , Jacques i:3:5? i e s i e g e , M a r g u e r i t e I6:65 Le!ar te, Jean 16:d5 Le tourneau, J a c c s f s iO:6? Letourneau, i o u i s 16:62 Limoges, M a r i e ld:?d

Madrr , Anne Ya i ;onv i l l e , A lex i? .

Mance, Jeanne M a r a n t e t t e , Mrs . Rose M a r e n t e t t e , Mrs , v.E. M a r t i n , Abraham Hassard, Francoi s Hech i n , Jeanne Meusnier , Jacques Higneron, Abraham Jean Migneron, H a r i e M i u i l l e , Jacques Hahawk fAgn i e r s ) Moreau, Anne Moveux, Suzanne M u ! l o i s , Hade le ine

N e u t r a l

Oj j b a r Oneida !Onnerouts! Onondaga Ionnontagues! Ot taua

Pacaud, J e a ~ Pan i e , lsabeau

Parabel le, t?, 16:58 Parent , Mrr , Noe 16:74 Penseret! Monsieur 16:15 Pepin, Guiliauree 16:1? Pepin, P ie r re 1 t : l l Pep in-iachance 15:65 P e t i t , Louis 16:12 P e t i t , Y i co las 15:12 Peiard, E! ienne 16:?5 Piedgars, Catherine 16:2 P i l o n d i t Lafortune, Ignace 16:5 P i l on d i t Laf or tune, Jean-Rap? is!e l6:Z P i l c ~ : d i t iafor!une, Ha r i e4nne 16:5 P i l ~ n d i t L a f s r t u n e ~ H a r r e - G ? n e v i e u e ld :5 P i l a n d i t Lafortune, Ha thu r i n 16:5 P i l o n d i t Lafor tune, P i e r i e 16:5 P i ante, Genevieve 16:62 Pmponnel I r , Marie !t:12 Poncet, Father Joseph Antoine 16:4? Pont iac 16:72 ?or teous, John 16:71 Poul i n , Laion!aine 16 : 7 Proulx, Alber i : 16:37

Racheux, Phi 1 her t Rat i ne, Geneu i e v e Ragueneau, FatSer Rheaume, Lieutonan! l c u i s Rheume, Angel i w e Rheune , !'Aven!ure Richard, Char! e5 Richard, Mathur i n

Robel i n , Jean Rouleau, Antoine Rousseau , Angel ique-El i sabe t h Rousseau , @en i s Roussel Roussel , Mar ie Roy, Desire

Ta lon , !Intendant:) T a r d i f , P i e r r e T iononta t i T r o t t i e r , Sophie Trudel ! Catherine T u t e l o

Seneca (Tsonnontouans! S i s t e r Gather ine of Jesus S i s t e r H a r r of Hercv S t - N a r t i n , Bur Boidin S!. Onge, Ja;eph!ne Ster! ing, James Susquehanna

Verdon, Jacques Verdon! V i x e n ! !!eronneau, Decis Veranneas , icc r s Vigneas, F ~ a n c o i s Vigneau, G a b r i e i V i a o n t . F a t h e r Sa-,theiernr V i n e ? , N : c h c l a s

AN INDEX COVERING ALL O F THE VOLUMES O F J E

M E SOUVIENS SINCE ITS INCEPTION HAS BEEN

COMPILED BY O U R LIBRARY COMMITTEE AND IS

AVAILABLE FROM T H E SOCIETY F O R $4.00. IT IS

BOUND IN ONE VOLUME IN A 6"X9" FORMAT, THE

SAME SIZE AS O U R NEW PUBLICATION. AN INDEX

WILL A P P E A R IN EVERY SUMMER ISSUE O F FUTURE

J E ME SOUVIENS, F O R THE PREVIOUS YEAR.

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Je Me Souviens - afgs. · PDF fileRESEARCH: Thmue Po.4Xqui.n ... INDEX FOR JE ME SOUVIENS WINTER 1985 . ... 16221 Pime 4i.b de Jean po0son et Bmbe