Jessica N. Michalak

JESSICA N. MICHALAKMaster of Landscape Architecture Master of Urban PlanningUniversity of Washington,Class of 2014

Balanced Openess | Mc Neil Island Open Shorelines

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SELECTED DESIGN PROJECTS

Infrastructural LandscapeThesis Spring 2014Great Lakes Region and Erie, PA

Balanced OpennessFall 2013, LARCH 507 with Ken YocomMcNeil Island, WA

Spreedux ParkSpring 2012, ARCH 502 with Nicole HuberBerlin, Germany

Urban BeachFall 2011, LARCH 504 with Nancy RottleSeattle, WA

2013 Hines CompetitionWinter 2013, IndependentMinneapolis, MN

Peri-Urban AgricultureWinter 2012, LARCH 503 with Ben SpencerLima, Peru

EDUCATION, HONORS, EXPERIENCE, AND SKILLS

JESSICA N. MICHALAK617.852.1123 [email protected]

2-3

4-57

4-21

22-27

28-35

36-41

42-45

46-57

58-59

Infrastructural Landscape:

Strategies for Post-Industrial Reuse

Project Location: Great Lakes Region & Erie, PA

A Landscape Infrastructure approach is a uniquely flexible Theoretical position from which to approach the re-design of urban brownfield sites in the Great Lakes region. This thesis provides a decentralized approach that improves ecological and urban systems function while increasing and improving public space.

In a region poised for social and economic change, I see Landscape Infrastructure as the most appropriate Theoretical lens for catalyzing change through design. This approach is flexible and appropriate given tightening budgets and limited resources. As anthropogenic change continues, it becomes necessary to approach all projects as an opportunity to lessen the impact of urban systems on fixed resources.

A crucial tenant of this thesis is the belief that interdisciplinary thinking and design is necessary to create vibrant urban spaces. Applied interdisciplinary collaboration between designers, engineers, economists, and planners is needed to solve the problems facing modern infrastructure and urban design. NN

PPKK

operating at multiple SCALES simulaneously.SYSTEMS, SERVICES, & FLOWS

Landscape infrastructure is a multifunctional set of

Pennsylvania

Ohio

New York

IllinoisIndiana

WisconsinMichigan

Minnesota

Ontario

Quebec

LAKE MICHIGANAVER AGE DEPTH: 279 f t .MA XIMUM DEPTH: 925 f t .VOLUME: 1,180 cubic milesWATER SURFACE ARE A: 22,30 0 sq. miles

LAKE SUPERIORAVER AGE DEPTH: 483 f t .MA XIMUM DEPTH: 1,332 f t .VOLUME: 2,90 0 cubic milesWATER SURFACE ARE A: 31,70 0 sq. miles

LAKE HURONAVER AGE DEPTH: 195 f t .MA XIMUM DEPTH: 750 f t .VOLUME: 850 cubic milesWATER SURFACE ARE A: 23,0 0 0 sq. miles

LAKE HURONAVER AGE DEPTH: 195 f t .MA XIMUM DEPTH: 750 f t .VOLUME: 850 cubic milesWATER SURFACE ARE A: 23,0 0 0 sq. miles

LAKE ERIEAVER AGE DEPTH: 62 f t .MA XIMUM DEPTH: 210 f t .VOLUME: 116 cubic milesWATER SURFACE ARE A: 9,910 sq. miles

LAKE ONTARIOAVER AGE DEPTH: 283 f t .MA XIMUM DEPTH: 802 f t .VOLUME: 393 cubic milesWATER SURFACE ARE A: 7,340 sq. miles

0100

200300

400

50

Miles N

Erie

Pittsburgh

Cleveland

ColumbusCincinnati

Indianapolis

Toledo

DetroitLondon

Toronto

Buffalo Rochester

St. Catherines

Montreal

St. Louis

Grand Rapids

South Bend

Chicago

Milwaukee

Madison

Ottawa

39%

40%

57%

5%11%

31%

31%

7%

39%

39%

32%

32%

32%

10%

13%

11%

Non-Antropogenic Water Cycle

Huron

Drainage from Basin

Erie

Michigan

Superior

Ontario

Infrastructure in the Great Lakes

Gas Pipeline

Oil Pipeline

Power Lines

Fossil Fuel Power Plant

Hydroelectric

Nuclear

OUT%IN %

200

400

600

80

0

1,00

0

1,800

Mile

s

There are 50 MillionResidents in the Region,

The Great Lakes hold 20% of theworlds fresh water,

They also hold 84% of the water in North America.

There are over 11,000 miles of shoreline in the Great Lakes.

The Region produces $2 Trillion in annual GDP outputwhich places it at the 7th largest globally.

and 90% of itsfresh surface water.

most rely on the lakes for their drinking water.

Water from the basin cannot be diverted elsewhere.

90% of consumptive use is drawn driectly from the lakes.

Less than 1% of the Great Lakesare renewed each year

This is the pattern of consumptive use:

Industrial Use 24%

Livestock Watering 3%

Self-Supplied Domestic 4%

Nuclear Electric 6%

Fossil Fuel Theromelectric 6%

Public Water Supply 28%

Irrigation 29%

The surface of the Great Lakes often freezes in the winter. This helps reduce evaporation and provides a platform for recreation.

0

20

40

60

80

100

20142010

20052000

19951990

19851980

19750

20

40

60

80

100Annual Maximum Ice Coverage

Perc

ent C

over

ed

Historic High, 197394.7%

Long-Term Average51.4%

0 100 200 300 40050Miles N

Erie280,521

Pittsburgh2,360,733

Cleveland2,063,535

Columbus2,031,229

Cincinnati2,128,603

Indianapolis1,928,982

Toledo672,220

Detroit4,292,060

London492,200

Toronto5,741,400

Buffalo1,134,210

Rochester1,082,284

Montreal3,859,300

Boston4,640,802

New York19,831,858

Philadelphia6,018,800

Baltimore2,753,149

Washington, D.C.5,860,342St. Louis

2,892,874

Grand Rapids1,327,366

Chicago9,522,434

Milwaukee1,566,981

Madison620,778

Minneapolis3,422,264

Ottawa1,451,415

INFRASTRUCTURE L ANDSCAPE INFRASTRUCTURELandscape as the SITE & SYSTEM

INFRASTRUCTURE L ANDSCAPE INFRASTRUCTURELandscape as the SITE & SYSTEM

VS.

Erie280,521

Cleveland2,063,535

Toledo672,220

Detroit4,292,060

London492,200 Buffalo

1,134,210

Pittsburgh2,360,733

Agricultural ProcessingUnclassied

ElectricityMining

Reneries/Chemical

Cement Plant

Petroleum/Natural Gas

Stationary Sources of Atmospheric CO2

102 Miles

93 Miles

128

Mile

s0 - 719,471

719,472 - 2,338,321 2,338,322 - 5,336,520

5,336,521 - 10,359,466 10,359,467 - 22,978,929

Tons CO2

Potential Geological CO2 Storage Areas in Oil or Gas Fields

0 10 20 30 405Miles

N

The volume of water passing through Niagra Falls causes 1.5 M of eriosion annually.

The majority of the electricty in the region is produced by coal red

power plants.

Those plants increas the amount of mercury found in the water.

Agricultural runoff causes nutrient runoff that leads to algal blooms.

Pennsylvania is ranked #1for waste water outfalls

with 1,587.

Hg

Utilizing landscape infrastructure to move from

monofunctional multifunctionalto

strategies to address regional issues at a local scale.

After strategies are tested they can be deployed along the shores of Lake Erie to maximize impact.

Maximize the regional assets while protecting the valuable regional resources.

Goals Strategies

The shallowness of the lake, relative to the rest of the Great Lakes, is both an asset and a challenge. The potential for capturing wind energy is one element that could be implemented in most of Lake Erie. The majority of the lake, excluding the eastern basin, is less than 30 M. deep. The depth of the lake also compounds issues with sedimentation and nutrient runoff. Toxic algal blooms are increasingly being caused by excess nutrients coming primarily from human waste and agricultural runoff.

Lake Erie has 871 miles of shoreline. More than 20% of the shoreline is more than 70% hardened. This is the highest percentage in the Great Lakes.

Shifting from a resource extractive economy to a resource efficient economy.

Creating shared value in for all in the region, socially, ecologically, and economically.

Transition from coal power to wind power.

Harness algal growth potential for biofuels.

Focus on incubating a green manufacturing hub.

Use infrastructure to build social strength.

Reference Scale: 1:32,000

120,00090,00060,00030,000

0

1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010120,00090,00060,00030,0000

Eries highest census population is recorded at 138,440. Erie was founded in 1795. Prior to that the area was inhabited by the Eries and Senecas.

Presque Isle, a natural peninsula seperates and protects Downtown Erie from Lake Erie. The natural harbor madethe area an ideal location to settle.

French soldiers named the peninsula protecting the harbor Presque Isle, meaning almost an island.

Almost

75% White

6.9% Hispanic

19.7% Black

1.5% Asian

Demographics of The City

Vacant or Underused Space Recreation and Open Space

Opportunity for Landscape Infrastructure Intntervention 0 1 2 3 40.5

Miles N

Reference Scale: 1:32,000

120,00090,00060,00030,000

0

1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010120,00090,00060,00030,0000

Eries highest census population is recorded at 138,440. Erie was founded in 1795. Prior to that the area was inhabited by the Eries and Senecas.

Presque Isle, a natural peninsula seperates and protects Downtown Erie from Lake Erie. The natural harbor madethe area an ideal location to settle.

French soldiers named the peninsula protecting the harbor Presque Isle, meaning almost an island.

Almost

75% White

6.9% Hispanic

19.7% Black

1.5% Asian

Demographics of The City

Vacant or Underused Space Recreation and Open Space

Opportunity for Landscape Infrastructure Intntervention 0 1 2 3 40.5

Miles N

Multiscalar Urban AgricultureA range of urban agriculture interventions that work to augment the food system needs of the city. Soil based growth pared with aquaponics raising yellow perch indigenous to the Great Lakes. Indoor hydroponic and airpoinic growth reusing large interior spaces to grow plants year-round. Rooftop greenhouses installed on existing flat roof buildings or integrated with new design.

Precedents: Growing Power, the Plant Chicago, and Lufa Farms.

Organic Waste Collection and ProcessingCollecting both household and commercial waste. County and region would allow for greater economies of scale. Reuse of derelict and under used surface parking throughout the city as volume dictates. Cycling the nutrient rich compost or vermicompost into regional agriculture, sales to local residents, and diverting large streams of organic waste from landfills.

Precedent: Growing Powers composting operation

Surface and Subsurface Wetland Processing of Piped StreamsCreating an opportunity to reduce the amount of sediment and excess nutrients entering Lake Erie from its watershed from antropogenic sources. Deploying these at each stream, sewer, or water treatment outlet to help normalize water temperatures. Precedent: Waitangi Park, Wellington, NZ.

Bluff Connections to WaterfrontWhile the bluffs provide fantastic opportunity to view the waterfront they severely limit access. Deploying multiple interventions like a land bridge, terraced bluff parks, and pedestrian overpasses to maintain traffic flow and views while improving connection.

Precedent: Land Bridge, Vancouver, BC

Biofuels ProductionPrimarily utilizing post-industrial spaces to house algal bioreactors growing fuel for the nearby bioufuel plant. Large scale contained growth schemes can include vertical stacking, angled growth cells, or more traditional horizontal growth. Using a closed system allows for greatest efficiency for water use, increasing surface area for light absorption, and controlling quality. Precedent: Klotze, Germany; MIT Cogeneration Plant; IGV Biotech, Germany; BIQ, Hamburg, GR

I-79

W 26TH ST

E 12TH ST

STAT

E ST

W 12TH ST

W 6TH ST

PEAC

H ST

CASC

ADE

ST

W BAY

FRONT

PKWY

PITT

SBUR

GH A

VE

Reference Scale: 1:32,000 1 inch = 1,000 feet

Connections

Ecology

Nutrients

Economy

Knowledge

Food

Energy

Water

19131921195119571969Current

SITE FILL OVER TIME

19131921195119571969Current

SITE FILL OVER TIME

Summer Wind

Win

ter

Win

d

Sun Path

SummertoWinter

-Unique Districts-Radial Design-2500 Foot Diameter - 5 mins walk-Mixed Uses

-Free urban fabric 1.5 Floor Area Ratio

Per-Capita Space Use Sq. FeetResidence 400Work 200Shopping, Health, etc. 75 Infrastructure 215(in Utility Areas)Total 890

Narrow Streets

-Streets average 25 feet wide. -A boulevard 60 feet wide connects all the districts and provides a high-speed bicycle lane. -Other streets should be at least 16 feet wide to allow for access by emergency vehicles. -Varying widths add interest to an area.

Design Information

-Population -Site Size -Developed Area -Green Area -Districts -District Population -District Diameter -District Density -Longest Journey

6,0006.631930%70%33,000500-2,000 ftFAR = 1.530 minutesRental car for emergency

Design Goals

-High quality of life

-Fast transport of people and goods

Design Standards

-Rapid Transport-Nearby Stations-Nearby Green Space-Four-Story Buildings-Economical Freight Transport

-Main road with public transportation connection to each district-Set Urban Core as a regional core to link different islands

0 100 200 500 feet

Main Road

Secondary Road

Preserve Area

Urban Core

Agricultural VillageAgricultural Village

Park & Research center

To Seattle

To Longbranch

To Anderson

To Steilacoom

Gathering node

Main Road

Secondary Road

5 mins walk

Main Road

Shop

s

Restaurant

Park

Park & gathering space

Mix-

use

alle

y

semi-private space

Provide private green space

Passing Courtyard

Closed Courtyard

Open Courtyard

Semi-private Space

Bike Lane

Open Space

Semi-private Space

Semi-public Space

Public Space

10

Building setback

Building setback

Street Building setback

Mix-use BuildingMix-use BuildingCourtyard

Island

Car-free island

District Block CourtyardStreet

-Combine commercial and green space-Various scale neighborhood parks

Zoning Map Population density

Agricultural Village750+ ResidentsPop density: 6000 / mi2

Urban Core2000+ ResidentsPop density: 6000 /mi2


Research Center

Nature reserve &Research centerResearch and conservation, wildlife reserve and ecological restoration

ParkPublic park and open shoreline

Urban coreCommunity core,high density housing,adaptive reuse of existing structures,business and tourism center

Agricultural VillageResidential housing,Small-scale food production,

Agricultural villageResidential housing,Agricultural food production

MarinaFerry service and public marina

parksmarinas & ferrycommunity services

schools

Constellisland:Juxtaposing development and the environment to create a unique vision for McNeil is land

0 250 500 1000 3000 ft

A

C

B

Urban Core

Agricultural Village

Park & Research Center


- Business & Trade- Civil Services- Education- Urban Dense Housing- Artist-in-residence- Shared Facilities & Community- Adaptive Reuse- Civic Center- Regional Community Center- Cultural Venue & Program- High School- Library- Sports & Performing Arts Facilities

- Ferry Connection- Marina- Trade & Business- Visitor Center- Prison History Museum- Recreation & Entertainment- Cultural and Art Festivals- Hotel, Guest House etc.- Heritage Tourism- Educational Program

- Agricultural Food Production- Village Housing- Existing Housing Reuse- Shared Facilities & Community- Sports & Performing Arts Facilities- Bed & Breakfast- Heritage Tourism

- Tourism & Recreation- Education- Island-wide Park- Nature Reserve- Public Parks, Trail & Shoreline- Visitor Center- Recreation & Entertainment- Camping- Eco-tourism

- Agricultural Food Production- Education- Village Housing- Shared Facilities & Community- Sports & Performing Arts Facilities- Vacation Rental

ANALYSISUrban Footprints

UrbanPublic Protected

Shoreline TypologiesShoreline Operations

Create a variety of ways to interact with the shoreline for the island.

Increase access to unique shoreline conditions and link to development.

Protect sensitive areas and ecosystems while providing an opportunity to observe them.

EngageAccess Protect

Building variationBuilding Typologies

Multifamily-house3-5 stories

1-4 stories

5-25 m

1-4 stories

5-25 m

1-4 stories

5-25 m

1-4 stories

5-25 m

800 sq ft

450 sq ft

Reducing unit sizeReducing the unit size from 800 sq ft /

Population: 3200

Fox Island pattern:

Population 3600

Spread

570 / mi2

McNeil Island pattern:

Population 3500Concentrated6000 / sq mi2

Rowhouse1-3 stories

Townhouse3-4 stories

person to 450 sq ft / person will reduce the building footprint 44%

Steilacoom2.04 sq milespopulation: 5,985 density: 2,887.05/ sq mi

Longbranch20.01 sq milespopulation: 3,784 density: 186.15/ sq mi

Fox Island5.22 sq milespopulation: 3,633 density: 568.46/ sq mi

Anderson Island7.74 sq milespopulation: 1,037 density: 126.16/ sq mi

source: United States Census Bureau (2010)400 housing units Vacant for Seasonal, Recreational, or Occasional Use

Ketron Island0.34 sq milespopulation: 17 density: 49.30/ sq mi

McNeil Island6.63 sq milespopulation: 3,500 + density: 527.90 / sq mi

Steilacoom

TacomaLongbranch

AndersonKetron

McNeil

Fox

Gig Harbor

Steilacoom

Tacoma

SeattleVashon

Bainbridge

Bremerton

EdmondsKingston

Whidbey

Pt Townsend

Anacortes

Friday Harbor

Gig Harbor

McNeil

Vis

itors

50,

000+

Reg

iona

l Use

rs 1

8,00

0+

OPPORTUNITIES

- Civil Services - Education

- Agricultural Food Production

CONNECTION - Ferry Connection

AMENITIES - Island-wide Park - Shared Facilities & Community

ACCOMMODATION - Vacation Rental - Hotel, Guest House etc. - Bed & Breakfast - Camping

PRESERVATION & CONSERVATION - Heritage Tourism - Ecotourism - Educational Program

TOURISM - Visitor Center - Prison History Museum - Recreation & Entertainment - Cultural and Art Festivals

PRESERVATION & CONSERVATION - Adaptive Reuse - Nature Reserve

EDUCATION

- Library - High School

SERVICE - Civic Center

- Cultural Venue & Program - Regional Community Center

HOUSING

Isla

nd R

esid

ents

3,5

00+

- Urban Dense Housing - Village Housing - Existing Housing Reuse

- Business & Trade

- Artist-in-residents

- Public Parks, Trail & Shoreline

Framework Diagram

1. Strong local communityProvide and support high quality facilities, work and living spaces that attracts and makes it possible to both live and work on the Islands, but also an emphasis on shared facilities and public spaces to strengthen the communal feeling within the Island.

2. Provide a base for surrounding IslandsEstablish a better connection with the other Islands and establish facilities, such as schools and markets that would increase the life quality within the closer surrounding.

3. Regional / nation wide attractionProvide a high quality network of public and natural recreation that would be a base for tourism, and establish a cultural venue and prison museum to build on the history of the Island.

Program at three different scales

- Tourism & Recreation

- Marina

- Sports & Performing Arts Facilities

McNeil Island

- Trade & Business

1. Strong Local CommunityProvide and support high quality facilities, work and living spaces that attracts and makes it possible to both live and work on the islands. Creating an emphasis on shared facilities and public spaces to strengthen the communal feeling within the Island.

2. Provide a Base for Surrounding IslandsEstablish a better connection with the other islands and establish facilities, such as schools and markets that would increase the life quality within the closer region.

3. Regional / Nation Wide AttractionProvide a high quality network of public and natural recreation that would be a base for tourism and establish a cultural venue and prison museum to build on the history of the Island.

OPPORTUNITIES





HOUSING

Isla

nd R

esid

ents

3,5

00+


- Business & Trade



Reg

iona

l Use

rs 1

8,00

0+


EDUCATION





- Marina


- Trade & Business Vis

itors

50,

000+ ACCOMMODATION

- Vacation Rental - Hotel, Guest House etc. - Bed & Breakfast - Camping





750+ ResidentsPop density: 6000 / mi2

Urban Core

2000+ ResidentsPop density: 6000 /mi2



Research Center

Nature reserve &Research center

Research and conservation, wildlife reserve and ecological restoration

Park

Public park and open shorelineUrban core

Community core,high density housing,adaptive reuse of existing structures,business and tourism center


Residential housing,Small-scale food production

Agricultural village

Residential housing,Agricultural food production

Marina

Ferry service and public marina

MCNEIL VISION GOALS

Regional Hub 70% natural form 450 sq ft / person

Community development for 3500+ people.No Correctional Use

Concentrated development to serve the public and retain islands natural form.

STRATEGIES

MASTER PLANProgram & Zoning

BUILT FOOTPRINT

MAXIMIZING PUBLIC SPACE BY REDUCING PRIVATE SQUARE FOOTAGE, CREATING SHARED COMMUNITY SPACE, AND INCREASING BUILT DENSITY.

PUBLIC STREETS

CHANGING THE DYNAMIC FROM CAR-ORIENTED URBAN DESIGN TO HUMAN CENTERED WALKABLE URBAN CORES.

PUBLIC SHORELINES

PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF THE SHORELINE WILL ALLOW US TO MAINTAIN THE INTACT NATURAL SHORELINE, PROTECT SENSITIVE ECOLOGIES, AND CREATE THE GREATEST PUBLIC BENEFIT.

Increasing density

1. Varying building height

2. Limited building width - small building plots

3. Varying roof scape

Balanced OpennessProject Location: McNeil Island, WAFall 2013, LARCH 507 with Ken YocomGroup Project

Juxtaposing development and the environment to create a unique vision for McNeil island. Our group vision was to maintain the current footprint of 70% natural 30% developed as we proposed the island move into modern reuse.

Moving away from the history of the island as a correctional facility and toward the concept of the island as a regional hub. Our goals were reached through dense urban development, publicly owned shorelines, and agricultural uses for self-sufficiency.

The 13 miles of unaltered coastline on McNeil represents the largest contiguous unaltered shoreline in the South Puget Sound. Considering the implications of altering shoreline we sited urban development in areas where coastline had already been altered. Levels of access and shoreline modification are used to delineate spaces where visitors and residents can interact with the shoreline or just observe it. Higher intensity of shoreline modification is balanced by the protection and conservation of intact shoreline on the North of the island.

-Unique Districts-Radial Design-2500 Foot Diameter - 5 mins walk-Mixed Uses

-Free urban fabric 1.5 Floor Area Ratio

Per-Capita Space Use Sq. FeetResidence 400Work 200Shopping, Health, etc. 75 Infrastructure 215(in Utility Areas)Total 890

Narrow Streets

-Streets average 25 feet wide. -A boulevard 60 feet wide connects all the districts and provides a high-speed bicycle lane. -Other streets should be at least 16 feet wide to allow for access by emergency vehicles. -Varying widths add interest to an area.

Design Information

-Population -Site Size -Developed Area -Green Area -Districts -District Population -District Diameter -District Density -Longest Journey

6,0006.631930%70%33,000500-2,000 ftFAR = 1.530 minutesRental car for emergency

Design Goals

-High quality of life

-Fast transport of people and goods

Design Standards

-Rapid Transport-Nearby Stations-Nearby Green Space-Four-Story Buildings-Economical Freight Transport

-Main road with public transportation connection to each district-Set Urban Core as a regional core to link different islands

0 100 200 500 feet

Main Road

Secondary Road

Preserve Area

Urban Core

Agricultural VillageAgricultural Village

Park & Research center

To Seattle

To Longbranch

To Anderson

To Steilacoom

Gathering node

Main Road

Secondary Road

5 mins walk

Main Road

Shop

s

Restaurant

Park

Park & gathering space

Mix-

use

alle

y

semi-private space

Provide private green space

Passing Courtyard

Closed Courtyard

Open Courtyard

Semi-private Space

Bike Lane

Open Space

Semi-private Space

Semi-public Space

Public Space

10

Building setback

Building setback

Street Building setback

Mix-use BuildingMix-use BuildingCourtyard

Island

Car-free island

District Block CourtyardStreet

-Combine commercial and green space-Various scale neighborhood parks





Research Center







parksmarinas & ferrycommunity services

schools

Constellisland:Juxtaposing development and the environment to create a unique vision for McNeil is land

0 250 500 1000 3000 ft

A

C

B

Urban Core









ANALYSISUrban Footprints

UrbanPublic Protected

Shoreline TypologiesShoreline Operations





Building variationBuilding Typologies

Multifamily-house3-5 stories

1-4 stories

5-25 m

1-4 stories

5-25 m

1-4 stories

5-25 m

1-4 stories

5-25 m

800 sq ft

450 sq ft

Reducing unit sizeReducing the unit size from 800 sq ft /

Population: 3200

Fox Island pattern:

Population 3600

Spread

570 / mi2

McNeil Island pattern:

Population 3500Concentrated6000 / sq mi2

Rowhouse1-3 stories

Townhouse3-4 stories

person to 450 sq ft / person will reduce the building footprint 44%

Steilacoom2.04 sq milespopulation: 5,985 density: 2,887.05/ sq mi

Longbranch20.01 sq milespopulation: 3,784 density: 186.15/ sq mi

Fox Island5.22 sq milespopulation: 3,633 density: 568.46/ sq mi

Anderson Island7.74 sq milespopulation: 1,037 density: 126.16/ sq mi

source: United States Census Bureau (2010)400 housing units Vacant for Seasonal, Recreational, or Occasional Use

Ketron Island0.34 sq milespopulation: 17 density: 49.30/ sq mi

McNeil Island6.63 sq milespopulation: 3,500 + density: 527.90 / sq mi

Steilacoom

TacomaLongbranch

AndersonKetron

McNeil

Fox

Gig Harbor

Steilacoom

Tacoma

SeattleVashon

Bainbridge

Bremerton

EdmondsKingston

Whidbey

Pt Townsend

Anacortes

Friday Harbor

Gig Harbor

McNeil

Vis

itors

50,

000+

Reg

iona

l Use

rs 1

8,00

0+

OPPORTUNITIES





ACCOMMODATION - Vacation Rental - Hotel, Guest House etc. - Bed & Breakfast - Camping




EDUCATION




HOUSING

Isla

nd R

esid

ents

3,5

00+


- Business & Trade



Framework Diagram

1. Strong local communityProvide and support high quality facilities, work and living spaces that attracts and makes it possible to both live and work on the Islands, but also an emphasis on shared facilities and public spaces to strengthen the communal feeling within the Island.

2. Provide a base for surrounding IslandsEstablish a better connection with the other Islands and establish facilities, such as schools and markets that would increase the life quality within the closer surrounding.

3. Regional / nation wide attractionProvide a high quality network of public and natural recreation that would be a base for tourism, and establish a cultural venue and prison museum to build on the history of the Island.

Program at three different scales


- Marina


McNeil Island

- Trade & Business

1. Strong Local CommunityProvide and support high quality facilities, work and living spaces that attracts and makes it possible to both live and work on the islands. Creating an emphasis on shared facilities and public spaces to strengthen the communal feeling within the Island.

2. Provide a Base for Surrounding IslandsEstablish a better connection with the other islands and establish facilities, such as schools and markets that would increase the life quality within the closer region.

3. Regional / Nation Wide AttractionProvide a high quality network of public and natural recreation that would be a base for tourism and establish a cultural venue and prison museum to build on the history of the Island.

OPPORTUNITIES





HOUSING

Isla

nd R

esid

ents

3,5

00+


- Business & Trade



Reg

iona

l Use

rs 1

8,00

0+


EDUCATION





- Marina


- Trade & Business Vis

itors

50,

000+ ACCOMMODATION

- Vacation Rental - Hotel, Guest House etc. - Bed & Breakfast - Camping






Urban Core




Research Center



Park







Marina


MCNEIL VISION GOALS

Regional Hub 70% natural form 450 sq ft / person

Community development for 3500+ people.No Correctional Use

Concentrated development to serve the public and retain islands natural form.

STRATEGIES

MASTER PLANProgram & Zoning

BUILT FOOTPRINT

MAXIMIZING PUBLIC SPACE BY REDUCING PRIVATE SQUARE FOOTAGE, CREATING SHARED COMMUNITY SPACE, AND INCREASING BUILT DENSITY.

PUBLIC STREETS

CHANGING THE DYNAMIC FROM CAR-ORIENTED URBAN DESIGN TO HUMAN CENTERED WALKABLE URBAN CORES.

PUBLIC SHORELINES

PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF THE SHORELINE WILL ALLOW US TO MAINTAIN THE INTACT NATURAL SHORELINE, PROTECT SENSITIVE ECOLOGIES, AND CREATE THE GREATEST PUBLIC BENEFIT.

Increasing density

1. Varying building height

2. Limited building width - small building plots

3. Varying roof scape

Shoreline Typologies

Shoreline Operations





PUBLIC SHORELINES

Public ownership of the shoreline will allow us to maintain the intact natural shoreline, protect sensitive ecologies, and create the greatest public benefit.

UrbanProtectedPublic

0 250 500 1000 3000 ft

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Urban Core













Research Center







Urban Footprints




Urban Core




Research Center



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Marina


Program & Zoning McNeil Island Master Plan

Urban Core Waterfront

12

3

45

Marine & Island Museum

Marina Serving Residents and Visitors

Ferry Connection

Altered Bathymetry to Support Marina and Water Market

Water Market

Intensity of Interven

tion

1. Water Market Space and Dredged DockSolid interface with water

2. Dredged Dock AreaDepressions for capturing tidal change

3. Filled Land Spit and ShorelineMix of edge materials &relocation of dredged materials

4. Shaped Soft EdgeAllows for experimentation in an urban condition

5. No Additional Alterations to ShorelineAmple intertidal area ideal for shellfish cultivation

Urban Shoreline Interventions

Spreedux ParkProject Location: Berlin, GermanySpring 2012, ARCH 502 with Nicole HuberIndividual Project

Berlin is a vibrant, diverse city recovering from the effects of being divided physically and culturally. This site was chosen for it s proximity to the abandoned amusement park site and the River Spree. The amusement park, Kulture Park Planterwald, was the only amusement park in the GDR. It was renamed as the Spree Park after reunification.

The abandoned Spree Park is in the process of being reclaimed by nature. The beauty of nature reclaiming the land taken from the Planterwald Forest is juxtaposed with the augmentation artists add to the site. Highlighting the ephemeral quality of the Spree Park while protecting the site is a project goal.

The project seeks to improve the water quality in the River Spree, allow the citizens in Berlin to engage with the river, and allow access to the decaying Spree Park.

Wrapping the site with a filtration park and inserting access into the Spree Park site allows users access to the site. The insertion sites would then be encouraged to root into the amusement park to ensure continued access to Spree Park.

Balancing the improved ecological function of the abandoned amusement park with the desire to increase public access.

River Edge Conditions

Completely Changed Changed Greatly Moderately Altered

Slightly Changed Changed Significantly Slightly Changed

Summer Pool

Current edge conditions on the River Spree

Public or highly accessible

Semi-private or somewhat accessible

Private or inaccessible

Operations

Zones

Connections

Spree

Site

Site Diagrams

Section 4: Spree to Egg House Water|Activity Zone

This section of the park is the most active at the waters surface due to the water activity center, it is intended to have the least ecological function. This area is where users will be able to interact with the river itself. The reuse of the existing Egghouse that is currently located on the site will allow for both physical and historical engagement.

User Access to the River Spree Rating: 4 of 4.

Section 3: Observations to Dinosaur Meadow Educate|Konnect Zone

This section illustrates the elevated portion of the park used to observe the increased ecological diversity in the restricted section of the park. Users will not be able to physically interact with the wetlands but their elevated position will allow them to see more of the habitat area provided.


Section 2: Stadium to Forest Park|Ecology Zone

Illustrating multi-season functionality, connecting the proposed kayak polo and skating arena with the Planterwald Forest and the Spree Park. Users will still be able to interact with filtration wetlands but will have their access diminishing as they venture towards the Educate|Konnect Zone.


Section 1: Pool to Forest Park|Ecology Zone

This section connects the social activation of the River Spree with the ecological history of the Planterwald Forest and the ecological reclamation of the Kulturepark. This portion of the park includes filtration wetlands, a floating pool, a bathhouse, and boat moorage. This section represents the most socially active portion of the site. Users can most directly interact with the filtration wetlands here.


Ecological and Skating Track

Urban BeachProject Location: Seattle, WAFall 2011, LARCH 504 with Nancy RottleIndividual Project with Group Master Plan

The Central Waterfront has the unique potential to become a convergence space for many user groups. The Urban Beach is a portion of the Central Waterfront uniquely capable of encouraging this mixing of user groups.

The creation of a protective arm pier encourages swimming, protects the shallow beach, intertidal zone, and tide pool. The enclosure encourages jumping from the pier as it sweeps around at grade from the Sea Path.

A Waterfront Activities center is located to the North with Scuba functions underwater, changing spaces, and fireplaces located on the roof. The visible transportation of remediated stormwater from 1st Ave to Elliott Bay will increase user awareness, enhance the quality of the brackish water nearshore, and delineate spaces within the design.

The beach is comprised of three zones divided by the stormwater channels running through it; The traditional soft sand beach to the North, a transitional beach in the center dispersing users entering from Union St., and a rocky beach to the South as users progress towards the Tidal Pools. The Tidal Pools will function as active ecological spaces that allow users to interface with the enhanced ecological systems on site.

Sketch of Proposed Intervention at Waterfront Park

Rhino Model of the Urban Beach at Waterfront Park

Section A: First Ave to Elliot Bay along Union St

Section B: Pike Place Market to Urban Beach

AB

TP

1

2

3 4

B1

B2

B3

1

N

Key1: Sea Path

2: Waterfront Activity Center and Fireplace patio

3: View, jump, protect pier

4: Island Living

B1: Soft Beach

B2: Transitional Beach

B3: Rocky Beach

TP: Tidal Pools

TPB1 B2 B3

OBJECTIVE: To increase public access to water in downtown Seattle.

METHODS:Pull back seawall, activate space and offer multiple access points.

MTLMLLW MLW

MRTMHHWMHW

Tidal Change Study:

The abbreviations are as follows: Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW), Mean Low Water (MLW), Mean Tide Level (MTL), Mean High Water (MHW), Mean Higher High Water (MHHW), Maximum Recorded Tide (MRT).

the

THE FALLS| A VIBRANT URBAN COMMUNITY

Retail

Solar Panels

ResidentialOceSports Facility

Solar Panels

Green roof

Green roof

Permeable paversPermeable pavers

Fresh air ventillation

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BLOCK ISquare Footage: 62,963 SFRetail: 46,029 SFMarket-rate Housing Units: 316Aordable Housing Units: 23

BLOCK GSquare Footage: 75,889 SFRetail: 58,294 SFOce: 171,248 SFMarket-rate Housing Units: 335Aordable Housing Units: 23

BLOCK FSquare Footage: 62,620 SFRetail: 62,620 SFMarket-rate Housing Units: 375Aordable Housing Units: 27

Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Oce

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000

Market Rental Housing

For-Sale Housing

Afforable Rental Housing

Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

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Indoor Sports Dorm

Other (College, School)

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030

S. 5th Street closed to vehicular traffic. Becomes pedestrian/ lightrail corridor connecting Downtown East and West.

PHASE 2: 2018

Hotel and office building opened to finance future developments.

Armory converted to small business incubator and indoor market. The new market, adjacent plaza, and hotel atrium draw more visitors to the neighborhood.

Portland Ave S. restructured to reduce vehicular traffic and establish a major pedestrian/bicycle corridor connecting Downtown East with the neighborhoods across the river.

Community sports center built to service new residents and connect neighborhood fabric to the new Vikings Stadium.

Mixed use buildings bring new residents and workers to the neighborhood while activating streets and public space through ground floor services and retail.

New public K-12 school built to serve downtown residents who are currently over a 45-minute walk to the nearest public school.

New development expands outward from the neighborhood core. Mixed use buildings and public space replace surface parking. Complete streets established to provide street level pedestrian connections through the neighborhood.

Green infrastructure built along S. Portland Ave as it begins to function as an ecological corridor.

The three initial phases stimulate increased economic and cultural activity in the surrounding urban fabric. Infill development continues to spread.

An ecological corridor connects the Mississippi River to the large network of lakes and greenspace west of downtown via S. Portland Ave.

PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











Housing for Sale

Market-Rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Aff. Retail/Office

Indoor Sport/Rec.

Mixed-Income Rental

Market-Rate Rental

Office/Commercial

Other

>20 Stories

>15 Stories

>10 Stories

>6 Stories

Green Roof

Green Open Space

Open Space

1st Floor Retail

Proposed Buildings Human Circulation

Bus Station

High-volume Bike Trail

Light Rail

Bike Trail

High Volume UG Parking

Middle Volume UG Parking

Low Volume UG Parking

Bike Parking

Tree Canopy

Team 9819


Indoor Sports Dorm

Hotel

Aordable Retail

Market-rate Retail

Oce/Commercial

Aordable Retail / Oce

Aorable Rental / Market Rental Housing


For-Sale Housing

Harnessing the energy and

opportunity of the Mississippi River in the Land of 10,000 Lakes.

COURSES|Connections and Context

Land Use, Open Space, and Programing

Site Section from Skating Loop to Sports Complex

Financial CalculationsHousing Typologies

RIVER BED|Site Plan MEANDER|Phasing Over Time

OPEN WATER|Indoor Public Space

WHIRLPOOL|Seasonal Public Space

CONFLUENCE|Highlighting Social Empowerment

Current Site Value $125,461,814Total Building Space 6,278,508 s.f. Total Project Cost $1,248,032,148Projected Site Value (Year 10) $1,582,218,234Project NPV (8% Discount Rate) $117,602,776Unleveraged IRR 10.02%Leveraged IRR 18.27%

Housing 2,336 Units Market-rate Rental Housing 1,874 Units Student Dorm 60 Units Market-rate For Sale Housing 215 Units Affordable Rental Housing 187 Units Office/ Commercial 1,598,772 s.f. Market-rate Retail 768,200 s.f. Affordable Retail 94,210 s.f. Indoor Sports Dorm 45,403 s.f. Hotel 600 rooms School 337,971 s.f. Structured Parking 2,831 spaces Monthly Contract 1,483 spaces Public Parking 848 spaces City Parking 500 spaces

Financial Summary

Space Summary




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Water

Key

Community Agency

Alternative Transportation

Green Space & Habitat

Icons

Inside Hotel Atrium: 17

Outdoor Courtyard Looking South: 8

School and Street Section: 22

Main Plaza Looking North: 18

N Scale 1 = 150

2013 Hines Competition: The Falls DistrictProject Location: Minneapolis, MN Winter 2013, Interdisciplinary CompetitionTeam Project

The Falls district responds to Minneapolis rich culture and resources by harnessing and channeling them into a vibrant neighborhood dense with activity diversity. Portland Avenue serves as our Mississippi River as it represents the central spine of the scheme where key connective tributaries and public lakes of respite converge.

The Minneapolis Armory is one of Minneapolis treasures. We propose that this grand space be re-used as a market and local business incubator, functions that will be well-served by the increased population density in our scheme. North of the Armory, on Block I, is the largest public space of the scheme and will be a place to gather on game day or for an outdoor movie or concert, or for a winter skate. It will also be home to mixed-income housing and retail. Blocks F and G feature public spaces slightly more protected from the elements but still open to the crisp Minnesota air. On Block K a large indoor public space will play host to game day tailgating and winter concerts while also serving visitors to the hotel above. Block H feeds off of its proximity to the Vikings stadium, providing an indoor sports facility that could also be used for indoor tailgating on game days.

the


Retail

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Green roof



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Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Oce

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











Housing for Sale

Market-Rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Aff. Retail/Office

Indoor Sport/Rec.

Mixed-Income Rental

Market-Rate Rental

Office/Commercial

Other

>20 Stories

>15 Stories

>10 Stories

>6 Stories

Green Roof

Green Open Space

Open Space

1st Floor Retail

Proposed Buildings Human Circulation

Bus Station

High-volume Bike Trail

Light Rail

Bike Trail

High Volume UG Parking

Middle Volume UG Parking

Low Volume UG Parking

Bike Parking

Tree Canopy

Team 9819


Indoor Sports Dorm

Hotel

Aordable Retail

Market-rate Retail

Oce/Commercial

Aordable Retail / Oce

Aorable Rental / Market Rental Housing


For-Sale Housing

Harnessing the energy and

opportunity of the Mississippi River in the Land of 10,000 Lakes.

COURSES|Connections and Context

Land Use, Open Space, and Programing

Site Section from Skating Loop to Sports Complex

Financial CalculationsHousing Typologies

RIVER BED|Site Plan MEANDER|Phasing Over Time

OPEN WATER|Indoor Public Space

WHIRLPOOL|Seasonal Public Space

CONFLUENCE|Highlighting Social Empowerment

Current Site Value $125,461,814Total Building Space 6,278,508 s.f. Total Project Cost $1,248,032,148Projected Site Value (Year 10) $1,582,218,234Project NPV (8% Discount Rate) $117,602,776Unleveraged IRR 10.02%Leveraged IRR 18.27%

Housing 2,336 Units Market-rate Rental Housing 1,874 Units Student Dorm 60 Units Market-rate For Sale Housing 215 Units Affordable Rental Housing 187 Units Office/ Commercial 1,598,772 s.f. Market-rate Retail 768,200 s.f. Affordable Retail 94,210 s.f. Indoor Sports Dorm 45,403 s.f. Hotel 600 rooms School 337,971 s.f. Structured Parking 2,831 spaces Monthly Contract 1,483 spaces Public Parking 848 spaces City Parking 500 spaces

Financial Summary

Space Summary




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Housing

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Housing

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Housing

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Housing

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Housing

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Housing

Oce




Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Oce

Water

Key

Community Agency

Alternative Transportation

Green Space & Habitat

Icons

Inside Hotel Atrium: 17

Outdoor Courtyard Looking South: 8

School and Street Section: 22

Main Plaza Looking North: 18

N Scale 1 = 150JM

SKH

the


Retail

Solar Panels


Solar Panels

Green roof

Green roof



5th

Aven

ue S

outh

Port

land

Ave

nue

Park

Ave

nue

Sout

h

Chic

ago

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ue




Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Retail

Housing

Oce

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

- 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000 2,000,000


For-Sale Housing


Office/Commercial

Market-rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Hotel

Structured Parking

Indoor Sports Dorm


PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











PHASE 1: 2016

PHASE 3: 2020

PHASE 4: 2030


PHASE 2: 2018











Housing for Sale

Market-Rate Retail

Affordable Retail

Aff. Retail/Office

Indoor Sport/Rec.

Mixed-Income Rental

Market-Rate Rental

Office/Commercial

Other

>20 Stories

>15 Stories

>10 Stories

>6 Stories

Green Roof

Green Open Space

Open Space

1st Floor Retail

Proposed Building

Documents

Jessica N. Michalak