1

JIHONG “SOLOMON” ZHAO, PH.D CURRICULUM VITAE Jihong Solomon Zhao, Ph.D. Professor Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology College of Criminal Justice Box 2296 Sam Houston State University Huntsville, TX 77341 Tel: 936-294-4940 Fax: 936-294-1653 Email: jzhao@shsu.edu _________________________________________________________________________ EDUCATION Washington State University, Department of Political Science Ph.D. in Political Science, May, 1994

Dissertation: Contemporary Organizational Change in Community-Oriented Policing: A Contingency Approach

Washington State University, Department of Political Science M.A. in Criminal Justice (January, 1990) Institute of Higher Education, Shanghai, China University Diploma [B.A. equivalent] (July, 1986) ACADEMIC & WORK EXPERIENCE Professor: Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, College of Criminal Justice, Sam Houston State University, August, 2007. Professor: Department of Criminal Justice, University of Nebraska-Omaha, August, 2005. Associate Professor: Department of Criminal Justice, University of Nebraska-Omaha, August, 2000. Updated July, 2019

2

Assistant Professor: Department of Criminal Justice, University of Nebraska-Omaha, August

1995 to May 2000. Senior Research Analyst: Bureau of Research, Ohio Department of Correction, June 1994 to

July 1995. Research Fellow: Washington State Institute for Public Policy, Summer 1991. Adjunct Instructor: Department of Political Science, Washington State University, August

1993 to May 1994. Lecturer: Shanghai Police College, China, 1982-1988. COURSES TAUGHT

Introduction to Criminal Justice Police & Society Survey of Correction Police Organization and Management Crime Trends in the United States Introduction to Research Methods Criminal Justice Organizations and Management Criminal Justice Planning and Management* Critical Issues in Criminal Justice* Seminar in Police and Society* Seminar in Critical Analysis of Criminal Justice System* Seminar in Police Organization Effectiveness* Seminar in Police Organization and Management* Criminal Justice Organizations and Management* Seminar in Organizational Theories* Special Topics in Policing* * at Master or Ph.D level

GRANTS Principal Investigator, “Houston Police Department Community Survey: The 4th Wave”, funded

by the Houston Police Department, $55,070. (Co-Principal Investigator Ling Ren), 2014-2015.

Principal Investigator: “The Evaluation of DWI/Drug Court Program in Williamson County,

Texas” funded by Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Community Justice Assistance Division. $74,199. (Co-Principal Investigator Ling Ren), November 2012.

3

Co-Principal Investigator: “Houston Community Survey: Perception of Houston Police Department and Social Environment: The Third Wave”, funded by the City of Houston, $37,000 (Principal Investigator, Dennis Longmire), November 2011.

Co-Principal Investigator: “Geographic information system and its effects on police efficacy”

funded by Campbell Collaboration, $50,000. (Principal Investigator, Larry Hoover, Co-Principal Investigator, Yan Zhang).

Co-Principal Investigator: “Houston Community Survey: Perception of Houston Police

Department and Social Environment”, funded by the City of Houston, $67,000 (Principal Investigator, Dennis Longmire), May 2008.

Principal Investigator: “Developing A Strategic Planning Handbook for Police Agencies in An

Era of Community Oriented Policing”, funded by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice, $145,000 (Co-Principal Investigator, Samuel Walker), September, 2003 - August, 2005.

Principal Investigator: “Evaluation on The Impact of Federal Grants on Police Productivity and

Crime Reduction: 1994 to 2000”, funded by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice, $127,000 (Co-Principal Investigator, Quint Thurman), Fall, 2002 - Fall, 2003.

Principal Investigator: The Phase II Evaluation on “The Impact of additional Police Officers and

Federal Grants on Crime Reduction in 7,000 Cities between 1994 to 1999: An Analysis of Panel Data”, funded by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice, $40,000, Summer and Fall, 2001.

Principal Investigator: “The Impact of additional Police Officers and Federal Grants on Crime

Reduction in 7,000 Cities between 1994 and 1999: An Analysis of Panel Data”, funded by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice, $118,000, Spring and Summer 2001.

Principal Investigator: “The Evaluation of TEAM Phase III (drug resistance program) in Omaha

Metropolitan area (five school districts including the Omaha Public School)”, funded by the City of Omaha, US Attorney’s Office-Nebraska, and Westside School District, $22,000, Fall, 2000.

Principal Investigator: “The Evaluation of TEAM Phase II (drug resistance program) in Omaha

Metropolitan area (five school districts including the Omaha Public School)”, funded by the U.S Attorney’s Office-Nebraska, $23,000, Fall, 1999.

Principal Investigator: “Community and Departmental Assessment Project”, funded by the

Council Bluffs Police Department, $8,000, Fall, 1999.

4

Principal Investigator: “The Evaluation of TEAM (drug resistance program) in Omaha Metropolitan area (five school districts including the Omaha Public School)”, funded by the U.S Attorney’s Office-Nebraska, $21,000, Fall, 1998.

Principal Investigator: “Community and Departmental Assessment Project”, funded by the

Council Bluffs Police Department, $8,000, Fall, 1997. Co-Principal Investigator: “The Structure of Large Municipal Police Organizations During the

Community Policing Era”, funded by the National Institute of Justice, $178,000 (Principal Investigator, Edward Maguire), December, 1997.

Summer Fellowship Recipient: “A Continuation of the Evaluation of Total Quality Management

Project in the Omaha Police Department”, funded by the University of Nebraska at Omaha, $6,000, Summer, 1997.

AWARDS SHSU 2018 Faculty Excellence Award in Scholarly and Creative Accomplishments (the highest research distinction awarded by SHSU) Internationally Distinguished Chair Professor awarded by Shanghai Municipal Government from 2013 to 2016. Outstanding Visiting Professor awarded by Ji Nan University, China, 2016. Outstanding Paper Award by Emerald LiteratiNework, Emerald Group Publishing Limited for the article, “The Effects of Gun Possession Arrests Made by a Proactive Police Patrol Unit” published by Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 2013. Outstanding Alumni Award, Department of Criminal Justice and Criminology, Washington State University, 2013. Fulbright Senior Expert Program, summer, 2004. Annual award for Distinguished Research, University of Nebraska at Omaha, 2003. Highly Commended Award by Literati Club for the article, “Gender and Police Stress: The Convergent and Divergent Impact of Work Environment, Work-Family Conflict, and Stress Coping Mechanisms of Female and Male Police Officers” published in Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 2003. Research Fellowship, Washington State Institute for Public Policy, summer, 1991. Best Graduate Student Award, Department of Political Science, Washington State University, 1990.

5

Fulbright program, Center for American Studies, Shanghai International Studies University, 1987-1988. PUBLICATIONS I. Books Thurman, Q. and J. Zhao. (2003) Contemporary Policing: Controversies, Challenges, and Solutions. (Eds.) Los Angeles: Roxbery Publishing. Thurman, Q., J. Zhao, and A. Giacomazzi. (2001) Community Policing in A Community Era: An Introduction. Los Angeles: Roxbery Publishing. Zhao, J. (1996). Why Police Organization Change: A Study of Community Oriented Policing. Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum. II. Refereed Journal Articles * Denotes graduate student co-author 88. Zhao, J., Wang, X.*, & Zhang, H. (Forthcoming). The role of perceived legitimacy and its effect on prison adaptation: A longitudinal study on a Chinese juvenile prison. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 87. Qu, J., Wang, X.*, & Zhao, J. (2019). Correlates of the endorsement of two competing policing styles among police cadets in China. Police Practice and Research, DOI: 10.1080/15614263.2019.1582341. 86. Ren, L., Zhao, J., & He, N. (2019) Broken windows theory and citizen engagement in crime prevention. Justice Quarterly, 36, 1-30. 85. Qu, J., Wang, L., & Zhao, J. (2018). Correlates of attitudes toward dating violence among police cadets in China. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 62, 4888-4903. 84. Zhao, R., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., & Wang, X.* (2018). When the west meets the east: Cultural clash and its impact on anomie in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Deviant Behavior, DOI: 10.1080/01639625.2018.1472934. 83. Ren, L., Zhao, J., & Luo, Y.* (2018). Testing the dimensionality of low self-control across three groups in China. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 34, 168-195.

6

82. Luo, F., Ren, L., & Zhao, J. (2017). The effect of micro-level disorder incidents on public attitudes toward the police. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 40, 395-409. 81. Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Zhao, R. (2017). Subculture, gang involvement, and delinquency: A study of incarcerated youth in China. Justice Quarterly, 34, 168-195. 80. He, N., Ren, L., Zhao, J., & Bills, M.* (2017). Public attitudes toward the police: Findings from a dual-frame telephone survey. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 61, 1-24. 79. Fei, L.* & Zhao, J. (2017). Acculturation and fear of crime among Hispanics. Journal of Ethnicity in Criminal Justice, 15, 1-20. 78. Lovrich, N., Zhao, J., & Millard, A. (2017). Several proactive models of traffic management in Washington State. Journal of Shanghai Police College, 27, 5-12. 77. Lee, J.* & Zhao, J. (2016). Disentangle the may about citizen participation in the collaborative work with police: The difference between general citizens and volunteers. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 39, 127-144. 76. Wang, L. & Zhao, J. (2016). Contemporary police strategies of crime control in U.S. and China: A comparative study. Crime, Law and Social Change, 66, 1-7. 75. Zhang, H., Zhao, R., Zhao, J., & Ren, L. (2016). The impact of child sexual abuse and psychological distress on delinquency among incarcerated juveniles in China. Crime, Law and Social Change, 66, 447-464. 74. Luo, F.*, Ren, L., & Zhao, J. (2016). Location-based fear of crime: a case study in Houston Texas. Criminal Justice Review, 41, 75-97. 73. Ren, L., Zhang, H., Zhao, J., & Zhao, R. (2016). Delinquent subculture, traditional models and juvenile offenders’ attitudes toward the police in China. Police Quarterly, 19, 87-110. 72. Hoover, L., Zhang, Y., Wells, B., Ren, L., & Zhao, J. (2016). Houston enhanced action patrol: Examining the effects of differential deployment lengths with a switched replication design. Justice Quarterly, 33, 538-568. 71. Ren, L., Zhao, J., He, N., & Marshall, I. H., Zhao, R., Zhang, H., & Jin, C. (2016). Testing for measurement invariance of attachment across Chinese and American adolescent samples. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 60, 964-991. 70. Cao, L., Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Zhao, R. (2015). Do In-group and Out-group Forms of Trust Matter in Predicting Confidence in Order Institutions? A Study of Three Culturally Distinctive Countries. International Sociology, 30, 674-693.

7

69. Zhao, J., Lawton, B., & Longmire, D. (2015). An examination of the micro-level crime-fear link. Crime & Delinquency, 61, 19-44. 68. Zhao, J., & Ren, L. (2015). Exploring the dimensions of public attitudes toward the police. Police Quarterly, 18, 3-26. 67. Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Hoover, L. (2015). Space-time clustering of crime events and neighborhood characteristics in Houston. Criminal Justice Review, 40, 340-360. 66. Ren, L., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, J. (2015). The deterrent effect of the castle doctrine law on burglary in Texas: A tale of outcomes in Houston and Dallas. Crime & Delinquency, 61, 1127–1151. 65. Zhao, J., Lai, E., Ren, L., & Lawton, B. (2015). The impact of race/ethnicity and quality of life policing on public attitudes toward racially biased policing and traffic stops. Crime & Delinquency, 61, 350-374. 64. Zhang, Y., Hoover, L., & Zhao, J. (2014). Geographic Information Systems Effects on Police Efficacy: An Evaluation of Empirical Assessments. International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research, 5, 30-43. 63. Zhang, H., Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Zhao, R. (2014). Social bonds, traditional models and juveniles attitudes toward the police in China. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 37, 596-611. 62. Zhang, H., Zhao, R., Zhao, J., & Ren, L. (2014). Social attachment and juvenile attitudes toward the police in China: Bridging Eastern and Western wisdom. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 51, 703-734. 61. Zhao, J., Tsai, L., Ren, L., & Lai, Y. L.* (2014). Public satisfaction with police control of disorder crime: Does public hold police accountable? Justice Quarterly, 31, 394-420. 60. Zhao, J. (2013). The Influence of Three Management Models on Police Training in U.S. Journal of Shanghai Police College, 23, 5-11. (In Chinese). 59. Wells, W., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, J. (2012). The effects of gun possession arrests made by a proactive police patrol unit. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, 35, 253-271. 58. Kuo, S., Cuvelier, S., Chuen-Jim, S., & Zhao, J. (2012). The concentration of criminal victimization and patterns of routine activities. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 56,573-598. 57. McCarty, W.*, Ren, L., & Zhao, J. (2012). Panel analysis of the determinants of police strength during the 1990s. Crime & Delinquency, 58, 397-424.

8

56. Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Lovrich, N. (2012). Political culture vs. socioeconomic approaches to predicting police strength in U.S. police agencies: Results of a longitudinal study, 1993-2003. Crime & Delinquency, 58, 167-195. 55. Lai, Y. L.,* Zhao, J., & Longmire, D. R. (2011). Specific crime-fear linkage: the effect of actual burglary incidents reported to the police on residents’ fear of burglary. Journal of Crime and Justice, 34, 1-22. 54. Webb, V., Ren, L., Zhao, J., He, N., & Marshall, I. (2011). A comparative study on youth gangs in China and the United States: Definition, offending and victimization. International Criminal Justice Review, 21, 225-242. 53. Ren, L., Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (2011). Local political structures & violent crime in U.S. cities: Patterns of association in a longitudinal panel study. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 22, 448-470. 52. Zhao, J., Zhang, Y., & Thurman, Q. (2011). Can additional resources lead to higher levels of productivity (arrests) in police agencies? Criminal Justice Review, 36,165-182. 51. Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Lovrich, N. (2010). Budgetary support for police services in US municipalities: Comparing political culture, socio-economic characteristics & incrementalism as rival explanations for budget share allocations to police. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 266-275. 50. Lai, Y. L.,* Cao, L., & Zhao, J. (2010). The impact of political entity on confidence in legal authorities: A comparison between China and Taiwan. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 934-941. 49. Lai, Y. L.,* & Zhao, J. (2010).The impact of race/ethnicity, neighborhood context, and police/citizen interaction on residents’ attitudes toward the police. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 685-692. 48. Cao, L., Zhao, L., Ren, L., & Zhao, J. (2010). Social support & anomie: A multilevel analysis of anomie in Europe and America. International Journal of Offender Therapy & Comparative Criminology, 54, 625-639. 47. Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Lovrich, N. (2010). Wilson’s theory of local political culture revisited in today's police organization. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science & Management, 33, 287-304. 46. Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Lovrich, N. (2010). Police organizational structures during the 1990s: An application of contingency theory. Police Quarterly, 13, 209-232. 45. Jang, H., Joo, H.*, & Zhao, J. (2010). Determinants of public confidence in the police: an international perspective. Journal of Criminal Justice, 38, 57-68.

9

44. Wilson, S., & Zhao, J. (2008). Determining the correlates of police victimization: An analysis of organizational level of factors on injurious assaults. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36, 461-468. 43. Briggs, S.*, Zhao, J., Wilson, S.*, & Ren, L. (2008). The effect of collective bargaining on large police agency supplemental compensation policies: 1990-2000. Police Practice & Research: An International Journal, 9, 227-238. 42. Ren, L., Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (2008). Liberal vs. conservative policies on crime: What is the comparative track record during the 1990s. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36, 316-325. 41. Zhao, J., Thurman, Q., & Ren, L. (2008). An examination of strategic planning in America law enforcement agencies: A national study. Police Quarterly, 11, 3-26. 40. McCarty, W.*, Zhao, J., & Garland, B.* (2007). Occupational stress and burnout between male and female police officers: Are there any gender differences. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science and Management, 30, 672-691. 39. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (2006). The effect of local political culture on policing behaviors in the 1990s: A test of Wilson’s theory in more contemporary times. Journal of Criminal Justice, 34, 569-578. 38. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (2006). Pursuing gender diversity in police organizations in the 1990s: A longitudinal analysis of factors associated with the hiring of female officers. Police Quarterly, 9, 463-485. 37. Wilson, S.*, Zhao, J., Ren, L., & Briggs, S.* (2006). The influence of collective bargaining on large police agency salaries: 1990-2000. American Journal of Criminal Justice, 31, 19-34. 36. Ren, L., Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (2006). Participation in community crime prevention: Who volunteers for police work. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science and Management, 29, 464-481. 35. He, N., Zhao, J., & Ren, L.* (2005). Do race and gender matter in police stress? A preliminary assessment of the interactive effects. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, 535-547. 34. Zhao, J., & Hassell, K.* (2005). Policing styles and organizational priorities: Retesting Wilson’s theory of local political culture. Police Quarterly, 8, 411-430. 33. Cao, L., & Zhao, J. (2005). Confidence in police between U.S. and Latin American countries. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, 403-412. 32. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (2005). Predicting the employment of minority officers in U.S. cities: OLS fixed-effect panel model results for African American and Latino officers for 1993, 1996, and 2000. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, 377-386

10

31. He, N., Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (2005). Community policing: A preliminary assessment of environmental impact with panel data on program implementation. Crime & Delinquency, 51, 295-317. 30. Cao, L., Cao, J., & Zhao, J. (2004). Family, welfare, and delinquency: A panel study. Journal of Criminal Justice, 32, 565-576. 29. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (2003). Community policing: Did it change the basic functions of policing in the 1990s? A national follow-up study. Justice Quarterly, 20, 697-724. 28. Zhao, J., Scheinder, M., & Thurman, Q. (2003). A national evaluation of the effect of COPS grants on police productivity (arrest) 1995 to 1999. Police Quarterly, 6, 387-409. 27. Hassell, K.*, Zhao, J., & Maguire, E. (2003). Structural arrangements in large municipal police organizations: Revisiting Wilson’s theory of local political culture. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science and Management, 26, 231-250. 26. Maguire, E., Shin, Y., Zhao, J., & Hassell, K.* (2003). Structural change in large police agencies during the 1990s. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science and Management, 26, 251-275. 25. Worral, J., & Zhao, J. (2003). The role of COPS office in community policing. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science and Management, 26, 64-87. 24. Zhao, J., He, N., Lovrich, N., & Cancino, J. (2003). Marital status and police occupational stress. Journal of Crime and Justice, 26, 23-46. 23. Zhao, J., Scheider, M., & Thurman, Q. (2002). The effect of police presence on public’s fear reduction and satisfaction: A review of literature. The Justice Professional, 15, 273-299. 22. Gibson, C.*, Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (2002). Sociological measurement confusion, paradigmatic imperfection, and etiological nirvana: Striking a balance in pursuing science. Justice Quarterly, 19, 793-808. 21. He, N, Zhao, J., & Archbolt, C.* (2002). Gender and police stress: The convergent and divergent impact of work environment, work-family conflict, and stress coping mechanisms of female and male police officers. Policing: An International Journal of Police Science and Management, 25, 687-708. 20. Zhao, J., Scheider, M., & Thurman, Q. (2002). Funding community policing to reduce crime: Have COPS grants made a difference? Criminology and Public Policy, 2, 7-32. 19. Gibson,* C., Zhao, J., Lovrich, N., & Gaffiney, M. (2002). Social integration, individual perceptions of collective efficacy, and fear of crime: An empirical assessment in three cities. Justice Quarterly, 19, 537-563.

11

18. He, N., Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (2002). Police and the policed: A comparison of value orientation and ideological perspective. Police Practice and Research, 3, 217-229. 17. Zhao, J., Gibson, C.*, Lovrich, N., & Gaffiney, M. (2002). Participation in community crime prevention: Are volunteers less or more fearful than other citizens: A research note. Journal of Crime and Justice, 25, 41-59. 16. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (2002). Predicting five dimensions of police officer stress: Looking more deeply into organizational settings for sources of police stress. Police Quarterly, 5, 43-62. 15. Zhao, J., Lovrich, N., & Robinson, H.* (2001). Community policing: Is it changing the basic functions of policing: Findings from a longitudinal survey of 200+ municipal police departments. Journal of Criminal Justice, 29, 365-377. 14. Zhao, J., Herbst, L.*, & Lovrich, N. (2001). Environmental and institutional effects present in the employment of women police officers: Separating the predictors of minority and non-minority female officer hiring. Journal of Urban Affairs, 23, 243-257. 13. Reiner, M.*, & Zhao, J. (1999). The determinants of job satisfaction among United States Air Force security police. Journal of Public Personnel Administration, 19, 5-18. 12. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (1999). Value change among police officers at a time of organizational reform: A follow-up study using Rokeach values. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 22, 152-170. 11. Zhao, J., Thurman, Q., & He, N. (1999). Job satisfaction and police work: A test of two competing models. Justice Quarterly, 16, 153-173. 10. Zhao, J., Lovrich, N., & Thurman, Q. (1999). The status of community oriented policing in American cities: Revisiting facilitators and impediments after three years. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 22, 74-92. 9. Zhao, J., He, N., & Lovrich, N. (1998). Individual value preferences among American police officers: The Rokeach theory of human values revisited. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 21, 22-37. 8. Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (1998). Determinants of minority employment in American municipal police agencies: The representation of African American officers. Journal of Criminal Justice, 26, 267-277. 7. Zhao, J., & Thurman, Q. (1997). Community policing: Where are we at now? Crime & Delinquency, 43, 345-357.

12

6. Zhao, J., & Lovrich, N. (1997). Collective bargaining and the police: What consequences for supplemental compensation policies in large agencies. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategy and Management, 20, 508-518. 5. Cao, L., Zhao, J., & Van Dine, S. (1997). Prison disciplinary tickets: A test of the deprivation and importation models. Journal of Criminal Justice, 25, 103-114. 4. Zhao, J., Lovrich, N., & Gray, K. (1995). Moving toward community policing: The role of postmaterialist values in a changing police profession. American Journal of Police, 14, 151-172. 3. Zhao, J., Thurman, Q., & Lovrich, N. (1995). Community-oriented policing across the U.S.: Facilitators and impediments to implementation. American Journal of Police, 14, 11-28. 2. Thurman, Q., Jackson, S., & Zhao, J. (1993). Drunk-driving research and innovation: A factorial survey study of decisions to drink and drive. Social Science Research, 22, 245-264. 1. Zhao, J. (1991). The intellectual’s contribution and rewards in the development of the national economy. Chinese Economic Studies, 24, 82-101. III. Book Chapters Zhao, R. Cao, L. & Zhao, J. (2013). Fear of crime and punitivity among college students in Macau, China. In Helmut Kury and John Winterdyk (Eds.) Fear of Crime and Punitiveness: Results from International Students Surveys. Bochum, Germany: Universitaetsverlag Brockmeyer. Zhao, J., C. Simon, & Q. Thurman. (1999) "Innovation in Police Organizations: A National Study." Dennis Kenney (Ed.) Police and Policing: Critical Issues. 2nd Edit. New York: Praeger. Zhao, J. & Q. Thurman. (1997). "Community Policing in Small Cities." In Q. Thurman and E. McGarrell (Eds.) Community Policing in Rural Setting, (pp. 27-32). Cincinnati, OH: Anderson Publishing. Zhao, J. & Q. Thurman. 1996. The Nature of Contemporary Organizational Innovations in American Policing: Does the Ends Justify the Means? Washington, D.C.: Police Executive Research Forum. IV. Evaluation Reports Zhao, J., and L. Ren. 2015. Report on Houston Police Department — Citizen Contact/Impression Survey 2014. Zhao, J., and L. Ren. 2013. Williamson County DWI/Drug Court Evaluation.

13

Longmire, D., L. Ren, and J. Zhao. 2012. Report on Houston Police Department — Citizen Contact/Impression Survey 2012. Longmire, D., L. Ren, and J. Zhao. 2010. Report on Houston Police Department — Citizen Contact/Impression Survey 2010. Longmire, D., J. Zhao, and B. Lawton. 2008. Report on Houston Police Department — Citizen Contact/Impression Survey 2008. Zhao, J. and Q. Thurman. 2006. Handbook of Strategic Planning in American Police. The Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice. Zhao, J. and N. Lovrich. 2003. Report on The 2003 Spokane Police Department Employee Survey: General Findings. Zhao, J., and Q. Thurman. 2002. The Effects of COPS grants on Police Productivity: A Panel Study. A Final Report to the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice. Zhao, J., and Q. Thurman. 2001. The Effects of COPS grants on Crime Reduction: A Panel Study. A Final Report to the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice. Zhao, J. and Q. Thurman. 2001. The Effect of Police Presence on Public Fear of Crime and Satisfaction with Police: A Review of Literature. A Final Report to the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice. Herbst, L. and J. Zhao. 2001. A Final Report to the Omaha Police Department: An Assessment of the 2000-2001 To Educate and Motivate (T.E.A.M.) Nebraska Program. Zhao, J. 2000. Report on the 1999 Council Bluffs Police Department Survey. Zhao, J. 2000. Report on the 1999 Nebraska State Patrol Survey. Zhao, J. 2000. Final Report on the 1999 Council Bluffs Police Department Citizen Survey: General Findings. Payton, J. and J. Zhao. 2000. A final Report to the Omaha Police Department: An Assessment of the 1999-2000 To Educate and Motivate (T.E.A.M.) Nebraska Program. Herbst, L. and J. Zhao. 1999. A final Report to the Omaha Police Department: An Assessment of the 1998-1999 To Educate and Motivate (T.E.A.M.) Nebraska Program. Zhao, J. and N. Lovrich. 1999. Report on The 1999 Spokane Police Department Employee Survey: General Findings.

14

Zhao, J. and Ben Menke. 1998. Report on The 1998 El Paso County Sheriff Office Survey: General Findings. Zhao, J. 1998. Final Report on the 1997 Council Bluffs Police Department Citizen Survey: General Findings. Zhao, J. 1997. Evaluation on the Implementation of Total Quality Management in the Omaha Police Department: An Interim Report. Zhao, J. 1997. Report on the 1997 Council Bluffs Police Department Survey: General Findings. Zhao, J. 1997. Monitoring the Change Efforts in the Omaha Police Department: General Findings from the 1996 Employee Survey. Zhao, J. and N. Lovrich. 1996. Report on the 1996 Spokane Police Department Employee Survey: General Findings. Zhao, J. 1995. Report on the Relationship between Educational Programs and Inmate Rule Observation in the Ohio Prison System. Thurman, Q., J. Zhao, and S. Jackson. Assessing Drunk Driving Countermeasures: An Experimental Vignette Approach to Informed Anti-Drunk Driving Policies. In the Alcoholic Beverage Medical Research Foundation 1992 Research Conference Report, Baltimore, MD. CONFERENCE PRESENTATIONS Xinting Wang, Jihong Zhao, Yan Zhang, & Hongwei Zhang. The utility of system theory to explain the perceived legitimacy of corrections among adjudicated juvenile offenders in China. Presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences in Baltimore, March 2019. Xinting Wang, Jihong Zhao, & Hongwei Zhang. The impact of two different cultures on juveniles’ attitudes toward the police in China. Presented at the American Society of Criminology in Atlanta, November 2018. Ji Qu, Jihong Zhao, & Xinting Wang. Correlates of endorsement of two competing policing styles among police cadets in China. Presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting in New Orleans, February 2018. Ling Ren, Jihong Zhao, Hongwei Zhang, & Ruohui Zhao. Testing the dimensionality and invariance of Grasmick et al.’s (1993) self-control scale across three groups in China. Presented in Asian Criminological Society annual meeting in Hong Kong, June 2015. Jihong Zhao, Ling Ren, Hongwei Zhang, & Ruohui Zhao. Theories of subculture and juvenile delinquency in China. Presented at American Society of Criminology annual meeting in San Francisco, November 2014.

15

Ling Ren, Solomon Zhao, Ruohui Zhao, Hongwei Zhang, Ni He, & Ineke Haen Marshall. Exploring the Dimensionality of Perceived Social Bonding among Juveniles: A US and China Comparison. Presented at American Society of Criminology in Atlanta, November 2013. Hongwei Zhang, Ruohui Zhao, Solomon Zhao, & Ling Ren. Attitudes towards the Police among High School Students in Southern China. Presented at American Society of Criminology in Atlanta, November 2013. Ren, Ling, Jihong Solomon Zhao, & Dennis Longmire. Public satisfaction with the police: Landline phone vs. cell phone-only users in a random telephone survey. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Chicago, November 2012. Zhao, Jihong. Management models and police training in U.S. paper presented at International Conference of Police Education sponsored by Shanghai Police College and Shanghai Police Bureau, Shanghai, October, 2012. Ren, Ling, Jihong Solomon Zhao, Vincent J. Webb, Ni He, Ineke Haen Marshall, & Cheng Jin. A comparative study of juvenile victimization in China and the United States. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Washington DC, November 2011. Ren, Ling, Jihong Solomon Zhao, Vincent J. Webb, Liqun Cao, & Cheng Jin. Confidence in the police among adolescents in China. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Washington DC, November 2011. Zhang, Yan, Jihong Solomon Zhao, & Ling Ren. The effect of police presence on crime. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Washington DC, November 2011. Ren, L., V. Webb, & J. Zhao. 2010. “A Preliminary Effort to Test the Feasibility of Using Self-Report Methodology to Assess Juvenile Delinquency & Misbehavior in Chinese School-based Sample Using ISRD Instrumentation.” Presented at the European Society of Criminology annual meeting in Liège, Belgium. Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., & L. Hoover. 2010. “GIS and its effect on policing.” Campbell Collaboration Annual Conference in London, with Drs. Zhang and Hoover. Lai, Y., L. Cao, & J. Zhao. “The impact of political regime on confidence in legal authorities: A comparison between China and Taiwan.” Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in San Francisco, November, 2010. Ren, L, V. Webb, J. Zhao, C. Jin, N. He, & I. Marshall. “Self-Reported Delinquency, Victimization and Gang Involvement in School-Based Samples: A China and U.S. Comparison.” Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in San Francisco, November 2010.

16

Ren, L, J. Zhao, L. Hoover, & Y. Zhang. An evaluation of police storefronts in Houston. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in San Francisco, November 2010. Ren, Ling, Jihong Solomon Zhao, & Larry Hoover. The Impact of Houston Crime Reduction Unit on Violent and Property Crimes in Four Patrol Districts. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Philadelphia, November 2009. Yan Zhang, Jihong Solomon Zhao, Ren, Ling, & Larry Hoover. Spatio-temporal Interaction of Urban Crime in Houston Southwest. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Philadelphia, November 2009. Ren, Ling, Yan Zhang, & Jihong Solomon Zhao. A catalyst for change? The impact of Katrina evacuees upon crime patterns in Houston. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Philadelphia, November 2009. Ren, Ling, Jihong Solomon Zhao, & Nicholas Lovrich. Political culture vs. socioeconomic approaches to explaining the variation in violent crime rates in U.S. cities. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in St. Louis, November 2008. Ren, Ling, & Jihong Solomon Zhao. “Race, Ethnicity, & the Risk of Homicide Victimization: A Multilevel Model Comparison of Three Time Periods in Chicago”. Presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting in Cincinnati, March 2008. Ren, Ling, & Jihong “Solomon” Zhao. “The Impact of Neighborhood Transition on Homicide Rates in Chicago: A Longitudinal Study from 1965-1995”. Presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Atlanta, November 2007. Zhao, Jihong “Solomon”, Ling Ren, & Nicholas Lovrich. “Static vs. dynamic approaches to predicting police strength in U.S. police agencies: Results of a longitudinal study, 1993-2003.” Paper was presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting in Seattle, March 2007. Ren, Ling, & Jihong “Solomon” Zhao. “Drugs and Crime Drop in America during the 1990s”. Paper was presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Los Angeles, November 2006. Zhao, Jihong “Solomon”, Ling Ren, & Nicholas Lovrich. “Change in Police Organizational Structures During the 1990s: An application of Contingency Theory”. Paper was presented At the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Los Angeles, November 2006. McCarty, William, Jihong “Solomon” Zhao, & Ling Ren. “Panel Analysis of the Determinants of Police Strength during the 1990s”. Paper was presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Los Angeles, November 2006. Zhao, Jihong “Solomon”, Ling Ren, & Nicholas Lovrich. “Wilson’s Theory of Local Political

17

Culture Revisited in Today’s Police Organizations: A longitudinal Study”. Paper was presented at the Midwest Criminal Justice Association annual meeting in Chicago, September 2006.

Ren, Ling & Jihong "Solomon" Zhao. "Police Strength, Social Disorganization, & the Crime Drop in the United States during the 1990s." Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting in Baltimore, 2006. Ren, Ling, Jihong "Solomon" Zhao, & Nicholas Lovrich. "Liberal vs. Conservative Policies on Crime: What is the Comparative Track Record during the 1990s". Paper presented in Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting in Baltimore, 2006. Zhao, Jihong "Solomon", Ling Ren, & Nicholas Lovrich. "Wilson's Theory of Local Political Culture Revisited in Today's Police Organizations: A longitudinal Study". Paper presented in the Midwest Criminal Justice Association annual meeting in Chicago, September 2006. McCarty, William, Jihong "Solomon" Zhao, & Ling Ren. "Panel Analysis of the Determinants of Police Strength during the 1990s". Paper presented in American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Los Angeles, November 2006.

Zhao, Jihong "Solomon", Ling Ren, & Nicholas Lovrich. "Change in Police Organizational Structures During the 1990s: An application of Contingency Theory". Paper presented in American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Los Angeles, November 2006. Ren, Ling & Jihong "Solomon" Zhao. "Drugs and Crime Drop in America during the 1990s". Paper presented in American Society of Criminology annual meeting in Los Angeles, November 2006. He, N., J. Zhao, & N. Lovrich. “Organizational Culture and Individual Values of Police officers: An Assessment of Reciprocal Relationship.” Paper presented at American Society of Criminology meeting at Toronto, Canada, 2005. Briggs, S, J. Zhao, S. Wilson, & L. Ren. “Junk Yard Dogs or Paper Tiger: The Effect of Collective Bargaining on Fringe Benefits among Large Police Departments. Paper presented at Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting at Chicago, 2005. Ren, L., J. Zhao, & N. Lovrich. “Participation in Criminal Investigation: Who Are the Volunteers? Paper presented at Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting at Chicago, 2005. Wilson, S., J. Zhao, L. Ren, & S. Briggs. “The Relationship between Collective Bargaining and Economic Reward.” Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology meeting, Nashville, November 2004. He, N., J. Zhao, & N. Lovrich. “The Impact of Participative Mechanism of Municipal Government on the Implementation of Community Policing: A Panel Data Analysis.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting, Boston, MA, 2003.

18

Zhao, J., M. Scheider, & Q. Thurman. “The Effect of COPS Funding on Crime Reduction in 70 Largest U.S. Cities.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting, Boston, MA, 2003. Zhao, J., N. He, C. Archbolt, & L. Cao. “Gender and Police Stress: A Closer Examination. Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting, Anaheim, CA, 2002. Zhao, J., K. Hassell, & E. Maguire. “Wilson’s Theory of Political Culture and Police Behavior Revisited.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences meeting, Anaheim, CA, 2002. Zhao, J., M. Scheider, & Q. Thurman. “Community Policing and Crime: A National Assessment of the Effects of COPS Grants and Crime.” Paper presented at the American Association of Criminology meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, 2001. Zhao, J., N. He, & N. Lovrich. “Predicting Five Dimensions of Police Officer Stress.” Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting, Atlanta, Georgia, 2001. Gibson, C., J. Zhao, N. Lovrich, & M. Gaffiney. “Collective Efficacy and Fear of Crime: An Assessment of Three Communities.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Washington, DC, 2001. Worrall, J. & J. Zhao. “The Role of COPS Office in Facilitating change Consistent with Community Policing: A Resource Dependency Perspective.” Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting, San Francisco, CA, 2000. Leigh, H. & J. Zhao. “T.E.A.M. Nebraska: Its Impact and Effect.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, New Orleans, Louisiana, 2000. Maguire, E. & J. Zhao. “The Structure of large Police Organizations: Data from Five National Surveys.” Paper presented at the Annual Research Meeting sponsored by the National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC, 1999. Hassess, K., J. Peyton, J. Zhao, & Ed. MiGuire. “Structural Change in Large Municipal Police Organizations: Evidence from a National Study.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Orlando, FL, 1999. Maguire, Ed., J. Zhao, & Robert Langworthy. “The Structure of Large Police Department: Preliminary Survey Results.” Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting, Washington, DC, 1998. Zhao, J., Quint Thurman, & Ni He. “Sources of Job Satisfaction among Police Officers: A Test of Two Competing Models.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Albuquerque, NM, 1998.

19

Zhao, J. “The Implementation of Total Quality Management in the Omaha Police Department: An Evaluation.” Paper presented at the Annual Research Meeting sponsored by the National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC, 1998. Zhao, J., Ni He, & Nicholoas Lovrich. “Value Change among Police Officers at A Time of Organizational Reform: A Follow-Up Study Using Rokeach Values.” Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Albuquerque, NM, 1998. Zhao, J., J. Cao, & L. Cao. "The Effects of Female Headship and Welfare Experience on Juvenile Delinquency." Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, annual meeting, Louisville, Kentucky, 1997. Zhao, J. & N. Lovrich. "Collective Bargaining and the Police: What Consequences for Supplemental Compensation Policies in Large Agencies." Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, annual meeting, Louisville, Kentucky, 1997 Zhao, J. "Perceived and Objective Levels of Crime among Police Organizations: A National Study." Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, 1996. Zhao, J. & Q. Thurman. "The Nature of Contemporary Organizational Innovations in American Policing: Does the Means address the Ends?" Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Boston, MA, 1995. Zhao, J., N. Lovrich, & K. Gray. "Societal Value Change, Community Oriented Policing, and Dynamics of Change in Police Agencies: The Role of Postmaterialist Values in a Progressive Police Agency." Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Chicago, IL, 1994. Zhao, J., C. Simon, & Q. Thurman. "The Impact of Internal Organizational Factors on Contemporary Organizational Change in American Policing." Paper presented at the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences annual meeting, Chicago, IL, 1994. Thurman, Q., J. Zhao, & S. Jackson. "General Prevention of Decisions to Drink and Drive: Perceptual Correlates and Self-Reported Drunk Driving," Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting, San Francisco, CA, 1991. Zhao, J. & E. Stromsdorfer. "Determining the Causes of Women Returning to Welfare After an Initial Exit." Final Report prepared for Washington State Institute for Public Policy, 1991. Thurman, Q., S. Jackson, & J. Zhao. "A Factorial Survey Approach to the Study of Drunk Driving Decision-Making." Paper presented at the American Society of Criminology annual meeting, Baltimore, MD, 1990. SERVICES

20

1. Ph.D Students supervised Garcia, Hector. Houston Police Department, 2012 Lai, Edward. Central Police University, Taiwan, 2011 Zhao, Ruohui. Macau University, China, 2007 Garland, Brett. Missouri State University, 2007 Ren, Ling. (co-chair). Sam Houston State University, 2006 Wilson, Steve. University of Texas at Brownsville, 2005 Hassell, Kimberly. University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, 2004 I have served on many Ph.D student dissertation committees as member and chaired many master thesis committees. 2. University & Department Services Beto Lecture Committee 2015-present Graduate Standard Committee, College of Criminal Justice, SHSU 2007- 2008 University Distinguished Professor Nomination Committee, UN-Omaha 2007 University Academic Planning Committee, UN-Omaha 2003 Personnel Committee, College of Public Affairs & Community Services, UN-Omaha Fall 2003 University Faculty Senator, UN-Omaha 2000 to 2002 Graduate Fellowship Committee, Department of Criminal Justice, UN-Omaha 1999 Curriculum Committee, Department of Criminal Justice, UN-Omaha 1996 Graduate Student Committee, Department of Criminal Justice, UN-Omaha 1998 to 2000 3. Professional Services Member of Editorial Board: Police Quarterly 2008-current Member of Editorial Board: Journal of Criminal Justice 2008-current Associate editor: Justice Quarterly 2004 to 2006 Deputy Editor: Justice Quarterly 1998 to 2001 Book Review Editor: Justice Quarterly 1998 to 2001 Reviewer for the following journals: National Science Foundation (2016) Justice Quarterly Criminology Journal of Quantitative Criminology

21

Crime & Delinquency Criminology & Public Policy Policing: An International Journal Journal of Criminal Justice Criminal Justice Review Police Practice & Research: An International Journal Internal Criminal Justice Review American Journal of Police Police Quarterly Police Studies Journal of Urban Affairs Journal of Crime & Justice 4. Other Professional Services Invited presenter at The Second International Symposium on Police Education sponsored by Shanghai Police Department and Shanghai Police College. Topic: An Examination of Police Field Training Program in U.S. Shanghai, 2013. Invited presenter at Asian Association of Police Studies Conference in Taiwan sponsored by New Taipei Municipal Government and Central Police University. Lovrich, N., Zhao, J., and Ren, L. Topic: Isomorphism & American Policing of Metropolis: A New Understanding of Police Reform. 2013. Invited presenter at The First International Symposium on Police Education sponsored by Shanghai Police Department and Shanghai Police College. Topic: The Management Models and Contemporary Police Training in the U.S. Shanghai. 2012. Invited presenter at China Armed Police Academy. Topic: Intelligent Lead Policing and Predictive Policing in U.S. The lecture was sponsored by China Ministry of Public Security. Herbei, China. 2012. Invited professor at the Chinese People’s Public Security University, sponsored by the Ministry of Public Security in P. R. China, 2005. Invited professor at the Chinese People’s Public Security University, sponsored by the Ministry of Public Security in P. R. China, 2004. Invited presenter at the Annual Conference sponsored by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice, 2006. Invited Fulbright senior expert at School of Law, Shanghai University, 2004. Invited speaker at Community Policing: Keep America Safe sponsored by the Office of Community Policing Services, Washington D.C, July 2002. Topic: The Effect of COPS Funding on Crime and Police Productivity.

22

Invited presenter at the Annual Conference sponsored by the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services, Department of Justice, 2002. Invited scholar to testify at U.S Senate, Judiciary Subcommittee on Crime and Drugs hearing on the COPS program, Washington D.C., December, 2001. Invited speaker at International Association of Police Planners Conference, September, 2001. Topic: Problem Solving and American Police. Invited speaker at Annual Conference of Criminology sponsored by the National Taipei University in Taiwan, July, 2000. Topic: Causes of Juvenile Delinquency: A Panel Data Analysis. Invited speaker at Hong Kong Chinese University, August, 2000. Topic: Community Policing in America. Invited speaker at Annual Research Conference sponsored by National Institute of Justice, July, 1999. Topic: The Implementation of Total Quality Management in Omaha Police Department: A Three-Year Study.