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Kannada alphabet Vowels Hear a recording of these letters by (Chethan) Consonants A selection of conjunct consonants

Kannada Book

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Page 1: Kannada Book

Kannada alphabet

Vowels

Hear a recording of these letters by ����� (Chethan)

Consonants

A selection of conjunct consonants

Page 2: Kannada Book

Numerals

Sample text in Kannada

'Kannada' is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. Kannada is one of the official languages of India and is the state official language of the state of Karnataka.

Page 3: Kannada Book

Kannada language has been spoken for about 2000 years, with the Kannada writing system being in use for about the last 1500 years.

There is also a sharp distinction between the spoken and written forms of Kannada. Spoken Kannada tends to vary from region to region. The written form is more or less constant throughout Karnataka, however. The ethnologueidentifies about 20 dialects of Kannada.

Geographic distribution

Kannada is mainly spoken in Karnataka in India, and to a lesser extent in the neighboring states. There are significant Kannada speaking populations in the United States and the UK.

Early History

Perhaps being the oldest language next to Sanskrit, Prakrit, and Tamil, Kannada language has a rich heritage. 'Kavirajamarga' ( ) of king Nripatunga (9th century A.D.) is believed to be the earliest literary work in Kannada. It is a treatise on poetics or a guide to poets indicating that Kannada was a fully developed literary language when Kavirajamarga (cu-ve-raa-ja-maarga) was composed. It refers to earlier linguists and poets whose works are not forthcoming. But from epigraphical evidence it can be surmised that the spoken Kannada language evolved much earlier than the Halmidi inscription (c. 450 A.D.). By the 10th century Kannada had its greatest ancient poets like Pampa (born 902 A.D.), Ranna ( born 949 A.D.) and special prose work like (Waddaa-raa-dhu-nae )(c. 930 A.D.) indicating that classical Kannada literature had fully evolved at least one or two centuries earlier, back to 'Kavirajamarga'. But since none of the earlier works have survived, we have to stick to the established norm that written Kannada came into vogue by the 5th century A.D.

Kannada Alphabet

The language has 52 characters in its alphabet and is phonetic. The character set is almost identical to that of other Indian languages. The script itself is fairly complicated like most other languages of India owing to the occurrence of various combinations of "half-letters", or symbols that attach to various letters. The number of written symbols, however, is far more than the 52 characters in the alphabet, owing to the fact that different characters can be combined to form compound characters (ottaksharas). Each written symbol in the Kannada script corresponds with one syllable, as opposed to one phoneme in languages like English.

Transliteration

Page 4: Kannada Book

Several transliteration schemes are used to type Kannada characters using a standard keyboard. These include ITRANS, Baraha and Nudi. The Government of Karnataka standard for Kannada transliteration is the Nudi transliteration scheme.

Basic Character Set

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Page 6: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-1, Handout (Simple Words)

KANNADA WORD ENGLISH WORD SIMPLE SENTENCENaanu Me / I am Naanu software engineer. (I am a

software engineer)Neenu You Neenu student. (You are a student)Namma Ours Namma desha Bharata. (Our

country is Bharata).Nimma Yours Nimma ooru Bangalore. (Your

home town is Bangalore)Yaaru Who Teacher yaaru? (Who is the

teacher?)Yaavaga When Class yaavaga? (When is the class?)Yelli Where Ramu yelli? (Where is Ramu?)Avaru He / She (with

respect). Also they / those people

Avaru teacher. (He / She is a teacher)

Ivaru He / She. This person / these people

Ivaru students. (These people are students)

Ooru Place / hometown Nanna ooru Mysore. (My place is Mysore)

Hesaru Name Nanna hesaru Ramu. (My name is Ramu)

Gottu Know Nanage English gottu. (I know English)

Gottilla Don’t know Nanage C++ gottilla. (I don’t know C++)

Ishta Like Nanage tea ishta. (I like tea.)Baagilu Door Idu baagilu. (This is the door).Kitaki Window Adu kitaki. (That is the window)Kurchi Chair Idu kurchi. (This is chair)Meju Table Adu meju. (This is table)Mane House Idu namma mane. (This is my

house)Baa Come Neenu illi baa. (you come here)Banni Come(with

respect)Neevu illi banni. (you come here)

Hege How Neenu illige hege bande? (How did you come here?)

Page 7: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-2, Handout (Simple Words)

KANNADA WORD ENGLISH WORD SIMPLE SENTENCEIdu This / It Idu pustaka. (this is book)

Idu nanna pennu. (it is my pen)Adu That Adu nanna mane (that is my house)Yaake Why Neenu yaake allige hode? (why did

you go there?)Yenu What Idu yenu? (What is this?)Houdu Yes Houdu, adu nanage beku. (Yes, I

need it)Alla Not Nanna hesaru Suresha alla. (My

name is not Suresh)Beku Want Nanage pencil beku. (I want pencil)Beda Do not want Nanage idli beda. (I do not want

Idli)Hogu / Hogi Go / wrp Neenu hogu / Neevu hogi. (You go)Hoda / Hodaru (he) Went / wrp Avanu hoda / Avaru hodaru. (He

went)HodaLu / Hodaru (she) Went / wrp AvaLu hodaLu/ Avaru hodaru. (She

went)Banda / Bandaru (he) Came / wrp Avanu banda / Avaru bandaru. (He

came)BandaLu / Bandaru

(she) Came / wrp Avalu bandalu / Avaru bandaru. (She came)

Alli There Alli pustaka ide. (Book is there)Illi Here Illi nodu (See here)Baa / Banni Come / wrp Bega baa. (Come fast)Thago / Thagolli Take / wrp Pen thago (Take the pen)KeLu / keLi Listen / wrp Nanna maathu kelu (Listen to me)HeLu / HeLi Tell / wrp Nanage kathe helu (Tell me a story)OLage Inside Olage yenu ide? (What is inside?)Horage Outside Horage maLe ide. (It is raining

outside)Nilli Stop Alli nilli. (Stop there)Eega Now Eega neenu baa. (Come now)Aaga Then Aaga maLe banthu. (It rained

then)

Page 8: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-3, Handout (Relations & Wishes)

Relations

KANNADA WORD

ENGLISH WORD

amma Motherappa Fathermaga Sonmagalu DaughteraNNa Elder brothertamma Younger brotherakka Elder sistertangi Younger sisterajja Grandfatherajji Grandmotherganda Husbandhendathi Wifemaava Uncle / Father in lawatte Aunt / Mother in lawaLiya Son in lawsose Daughter in lawchikkappa Father’s younger brother or

mother’s younger sister’s husbandchikkamma Mother’s younger sister or father’s

younger brother’s wifedoddappa Father’s elder brother or mother’s

elder sister’s husbanddoddamma Mother’s elder sister or father’s

elder brother’s wife

Page 9: Kannada Book

Wishes

KANNADA WORD

ENGLISH WORD

Namaskaara Good day.Shubhadina Good morning.Shubharaatri Good night.Hogi barutheeni Goodbye.Dayavittu Please.Dhanyavada Thank you.Hege Iddira? How do you do?Chennagi Iddini Very well, thank you.Susvaagatha Welcome.ShubashayagaLu Congratulations.Kshamisi, thada ayitu.

Sorry, I'm late.

Kannada Kali Session-4, Handout (Numbers, Fruits, Vegetables, Colors)

Numbers

1 - ondhu 11 - hannondhu 30 - moovatthu2 - eradu 12 - hanneradu 40 - nalvatthu3 - mooru 13 - hadhimooru 50 - aivatthu4 - naalku 14 - hadhinaalku 60 - aravatthu5 - aidhu 15 - hadhinaidhu 70 - eppatthu6 - aaru 16 - hadhinaaru 80 - embhatthu7 - ELu 17 - hadhinELu 90 - thombatthu8 - entu 18 - hadhinentu 100 - nooru9 - ombhatthu 19 - hatthombatthu 1000 - saavira10 - hatthu 20 - ippatthu 1,00,000 - laksha

1,00, 00, 000 - koti

Page 10: Kannada Book

Vegetables

KANNADA WORD

ENGLISH WORD

tharakaari VegetableeeruLLi OnionbeLLuLLi Garlicshunti Gingeraalu gadde Potatobadane kaayi BrinjalhuraLi kaayi BeansbenDe kaayi Ladies Fingersouthe kaayi Cucumberele kosu Cabbagehoo kosu CauliflowerkumbaLa kaayi

Pumpkin

donne menasinakaayi

Capsicum

eeruLLi hoova Spring Onionkaribevina soppu

Bay leaves

kotthambari soppu

Coriander leaves

hasi menasinakaayi

Green Chillies

Page 11: Kannada Book

Fruits

KANNADA WORD

ENGLISH WORD

Sebu AppleBaaLe haNNu BananakitthaLe haNNu

Orange

maavina haNNu

Mango

dhraakshi Grapessapota Chikkuhalasina haNNu

Jack fruit

seetha phala Custard Appleseebe haNNu Guavakallangadi haNNu

Water Melon

daaLimbe haNNu

Pomogranate

nimbe haNNu LemonAnaanas Pine apple

Page 12: Kannada Book

Colors

KANNADA WORD

ENGLISH WORD

neeli BlueKempu RedbiLi Whitekappu Blackhasiru GreenhaLadi / harishiNa

Yellow

kesari / kitthaLe

Orange

nEraLe Purplekaaki Browngulaabi Pink / Rose

Page 13: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-5, Handout (Case Terminations)

VIBHAKTI NAME

VIBHAKTI FORM

Appx. MEANING

WORDS SENTENCES

Prathama U, andhiru First Person Reference

Avanu, raamanu, aNNandhiru

Raamanu raavaNanaanu Konda

Avanu officege hoda.

Dwitheeya Annu Second person reference

Avanannu,

raavaNanannu

Nannannu kaapaadi

Truteeya Inda Third person or through / from

Avaninda baaNadinda

Raamanu raavaNanannu baaNadinda kondanu

Chaturti kke, Ge, ige, igoOskara, igaagi

To Marakke,

Avanige,

Bengaloorige

Ramanigoskara

Seethegaagi

Naanu nenne bengaloorige hoagiddhe.

Panchami (naDu gannada)

deseyindha from Raamana dheseyindha

shashTi A, an Mine / it’s Nanna,

Avana

Nanna hesaru guru

Sapthami Alli Within, There Maneyalli ,avanalli

Maneyalli yaaroo ilva?

Sambhodane E, aa, iraa Communicating / Calling

Ramaa

KrishnanE

maragaLiraa

Ramaa baa illi

KrishnanE kooru illi

maragaLiraa, nanna koogu keLi!!!

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By adding ‘a’ to the end, one can frame a question. Ex :- hauda? , Alva?, ilva?, neevu software engineera?

Entha is a character probing question? Ex: idu entaa haNNU? (Answer could be oLLE haNNu or ketta haNNU).

Aadaroo (Even then) when combined with questioning works, the meaning changes drastically.

Ex:- yaaru + aadaroo = yaaraadaroo (Any one)

yelli + aadaroo = yellaadaroo

hege + aadaroo = hegaadaroo….

Page 15: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-6, Handout (Verbs)

Serial No

Kannada Word

English Word

Past Tense Present Tense Future Tense

1 nODu To See nODdhe nODtha-idhini nODthini2 Odhu To Read Odhidhe Odhtha-idhini Odhthini3 kuDi To Drink kuDdhe kuDitha-idhini kuDithini4 ODu To Run ODidhe ODtha-idhini ODthini5 koDi To Give kotte koDtha-idhini koDthini6 niddhe To Sleep niddhe

maaDdheniddhe maaDtha-idhini

niddhe

maadthini7 naDi To Walk naDdhe naDitha-idhini naDithini8 haaDu To Sing/

SonghaaDdhe haaDtha-idhini haaDthini

9 kuNi To Dance kuNidhe kuNitha-idhini kuNithini10 iLi To get

downiLidhe iLitha-idhini iLithini

11 bari To Write bardhe Baritha-idhini barithini12 kollu To Kill Kondhe kolltha-idhini kollthini13 koLLu To Buy konDe koLLutha-

idhinikoLLthini

14 hatthu To Climb hatthide hath-tha-idhini hath-thini15 nagu To Laugh nakkde nakktha-idhini nagthini16 Ogi To Wash Ogidhe Ogitha-idhini Ogithini17 heLu To Say heLde heltha-idhini helthini18 keLu To Ask keLde keltha-idhini Kelthini19 muTTu To Touch muTTdhe muTTta-idhini MuTTtini20 oDi To break oDidhe oDitha-idhini oDithini21 ODisu To Drive ODisde ODisitha-

idhiniODisthini

22 Shuru To Strart Shuru maaDde

Shuru maaDthidhini

Shuru maaDthini

23 aLu To Cry atthe aLtha-idhini aLuthini24 Maaru To Sell Maaride Maartha-idhini Maarthini25 Solu To loose Sothe Solutha-idhini Soluthini26 Gellu To Win Gedde Geltha-idhini gelthini

Page 16: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-7, Handout (Workshop 1)

COMMUTING

Important Verbs

To go - Hogu naanu officige hoguthene

To come - Ba naanu trekking baruthene

To run - Oodu naanu marathon ooduthene

To walk - nade naanu dina yeradu km nadeyuthene

To catch - hidi naanu infosys bus hidiyuthene

To stand - ninthu niinu bus stand alli ninthu kondiru

Phrases

I. I want to “Phrase"

Most scenarios while commuting involve communicating our intention to the opposite person.

Nanage < something> beku

naanu <place>ge <action> beku

Note: When referring to a living thing use “theera”. When referring to a non living thing use “tha”

II. Replying

Remember when replying use

houdu – to say yes. Houdu, infosys bus illi baruthe. (Yes, infosys bus comes here)

Illa – to say no. illa naanu 10 rupayee extra kododilla (No, I shall not pay 10 Rs extra)

Page 17: Kannada Book

Ayithu – to say over. Naanu ticket padedu ayithu (I have taken the ticket)

Agilla – to say not over.

Words Indicating direction

bala - Right

eDa - Left

munde - Forward/ Ahead

hinde - Backward/ Behind

SHOPPING

Important Verbs

Sl No Verb To <verb> Past verb Will buy Am buying1 Buy Kondu

kolluKondu konde

Kindu kolluthene

Kondu kollu tha idene

2 Take Tagedu kollu

Tagedu konde

Tagedu kolluthene

Tagedu Kollu tha idene

Words for shopping

Beda - nanage ii pen beda. Bere kodi (I don’t want this pen. Give me another)

Beku - nanage aa dress beku. Pack maadi (I want that dress. Please pack it)

Bere - ii tomato chennagilla. Bere kodi (This tomato is not nice. Give me another)

Page 18: Kannada Book

MONEY

Important Words

Chillare - change

Duddu - money

Numbers - numbers that were discussed in previous class.

Jyasthi - ishtu beda. idu thumba jyasthi ayithu. ( I don’t need so much. This is more than I need)

Kammi - innu solpa kodi. Idu thumba kammi ayithu (Give me some more this is too little)

Phrases

Yeshtu usage

Typicall usage will be

Idu ( pointing at something) yeshtu – how much is this.

Note the differences between the following.

Yeshtu – how much

Ishtu – this much

Ashtu – that much

Page 19: Kannada Book

COMMUTING IN A LOCAL BUS

Scenario 1: Searching the Bus Stand.

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 Illi hattirada bus stand yelli ide? Where is the nearest bus stand?2 Munde ide It’s straight ahead.

3 Dhanya vaada Thank you4 Naanu majestic ge hoga beku.

Majestic ge hoguva bussu illi barutha?

I have to go to majestic. Will buses going to majestic come here?

5 Houdu. Illi baruthe Yes. They come here6 Yaava bussu hoguthe? Which buses will go?7 171, 172 hogthe 8 Mundina bussu yaavaga baruthe? When will the next bus come?9 Innu ardha ghante aguthe It will take half an hour more10 171 bus Wilson garden mele/inda?

Hogutha?Will 171 go through Wilson garden?

11 Illa, bari 172 matra hoguthe No 171 will

Scenario 2: Inside the bus

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 Majestic ge ondu ticket kodi One ticket to majestic please2 Aidu rupayi aguthe It will be 5 rupees 3 Majestic bandare dayavittu thilisi Please let me know when

majestic comes4 Majestic innu yeshtu doora ide? How much further is majestic5 Innu nalakku stop 4 more stops6 Ide majestic stopa? Is this majestic stop?7 Houdu. Ide majestic Yes. This is majestic

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Scenario 3: Asking an auto driver

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 Majestic ge hoga beku.

Barutheera?I want to go to majectic will you come

2 100 rupayee aguthe It will be 100 rupees3 Illa meter ashte koduthene I will pay as per the meter4 Ayithu kulithu kolli Ok. Please sit down5 Wilson garden alli right thagoli Take a right at Wilson garden6 Munde left thagoli Take a left ahead.7 Yenu meter ishtu agide alla! Naanu

dina baruthene – 40 rupees asthe

aguvudu. Naanu ashte koduthene

What the meter is showing so much! I come daily and I pay only 40 – I shall pay the same

8 Ayithu 45 kodi Ok give me 459 ThagoLi Take

SHOPPING

Scenario 1: Shopping for groceries

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 Tomato yeshtu How much are the tomatoes?2 Hadinaidu rupayi kilo 15 rupees a kilo3 10 rupayi madi kolli Make it 10 rupees4 Illa saar – tomato season illa…. No sir – this is not tomato

season5 Illa illa bere kade ella 10 rupaye..

adare nimma tomato chenaagideNo no it is 10 rupees elsewhere.. but your tomatoes are good

6 Ayithu 13 rupayi kodi Ok give 13 rupees7 Ayithu yeradu kg kodi Ok give me 2 kgs

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Scenario 2: Shopping for clothes

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 Ii shirtu chenaagide. Idara bele

yenu?This shirt is nice. What is its price?

2 Inoora aivathu rupaayi 250 rupees.3 Illa thumba jyasthi ayithu. Kammi

madi kolli. No it is too much. Reduce it.

4 Illa sir fixed price No sir fixed price5 Yenu riyayati illava? No discount is it?

6 Illa sir onde price No sire only one price. 7 Beda bidi – naanu bere angadi yalli

nooduthene.Then I don’t need it. I shall shop for it in another shop.

8 Ayithu yeshtu kodutheera Allright how much will you give

9 Naanu inooru rupaayi koduthene I will pay 20010 Ayithu thagoli All right take it11 Yenatharu defect iddare replace

mada bekuIf there are any defects then will you replace it?

12 Yenu defect iddaru naave bere shirt kodutheve

Yes if there are any defects then we will replace it.

13 Dhanya vaada Thank you

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Kannada Kali Session-8, Handout (Workshop 2)

Interaction with House owner / Neighbors

Words

Mane – house / home

Baadige – rent

Kutumba – family

Hesaru – name

Pakkada maneyavaru - Neighbours

Maduve – marriage

MakkaLu - children

Kelasa - work

Tingalu - months

Neeru – water

Mane kelasa – domestic help

Aduge - cook

Interacting with Domestic Help / Cook

Important Verbs

To wash clothes - ogi

To sweep - gudisu

To clean utensils - toLi

To mop – oresu

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Come – baa

Go – hogu

Cut – hetchu

to break - odi

to grind – rubbu

Fry - huri

To cook – aduge maadu / beyisu

Words

Paathre – utensil

Batte – clothes

Nela – floor

Porake - Broom

Neeru - water

bisi – hot

tarakaari – vegetable

enne – oil

akki – rice

beLe – dal

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Interaction with House owner / Neighbor

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 Nimma hesarenu. what is your name?2 Maduve aagideya? Are you married?3 MakkaLu iddaara? Do you have kids?4 Nimma kutumbadalli estu

janariddaare?How many people are there in your family?

5 Neevu elli kelasa maaduteeri? where do you work?6 Manege estu baadige? what is the rent for the house?7 Manege estu tingala advance

kodabeku?How many months advance should I deposit?

8 Maneyalli estu roomgalu ive? how many rooms does the house have?

9 Maneyalli bike / car parking ideya? do you have bike / car parking facility in the house?

10 Neeru supply hege idhe? How is the water supply?11 Mane kelasa maaduvavaru

sulabhavaagi siguttaara? Do we get domestic help easily?

12 Aduge maaduvavaru hattiradalli siguttaara?

Do we get services of a cook in the vicinity?

13 Hattiradalli hannu-tarakaari elli sigutthade?

Where do we get fruits and vegetables in the vicinity ?

14 Pakkada maneyavara hesarenu? What is the neighbour’s name?

Interaction with Domestic help / Cook

Sl no Kannada version English Translation1 naaLe entugantege baa come tomorrow at 8.2 naaLe estu hottige kelasakke

baruteeya? at what time are you coming tomorrow?

3 Ivattu nela oresabeku you have to mop the floor today

4 Nela gudisi ayta? Have you swept the floor?5 Yaavaga paathre tholiteeya? when will you clean the

utensils?6 Chennaagi batte ogiya beku wash the clothes properly.

Page 25: Kannada Book

Kannada Kali Session-9, Handout (Workshop 3)

Interaction in a restaurant

Words

Word Meaning Usage

oota Lunch/dinner Oota ayitha?

thindi Breakfast/snacks Thindige jothe coffee kudide

kahi Bitter Coffee thumba kahiyagide

khara Hot/spicy Curry thumba khara

uppu Salt Rasam nalli uppu jyasti

sakkare Sugar yeardu spoon sakkare haaki

thannige Cold Dese thannige agide

bisi Hot Nannage bisi bisi coffee ishta

bega Fast Bega badisi ( serve fast )

neeru Water Neeru yellide?

bele Lentils (Daal)

soppu Greens

baath Cooked Rice

Chennagide It is nice Coffee chennagide

chennagilla It is not nice Coffee chenagilla

Badisu Serve

tholidu kollu

to wash Kai tholidu kollu (to wash the hands)

Important Verbs and interrogatives

yenu ide? - What is there?

This can prefixed to enquire menus. Examples are menu alli yenu ide (whats in the menu), kudiyokke yenu ide? (Whats there to drink?). In general a question of yenu ide is like asking for the entire menu.

Ideya – is there?

This can be used when we want to ask for a specific item. Examples are coffee ideya [generic form < item > ideya?]

Kodi – give

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Examples: yearadu coffee kodi. - give me 2 cups of coffee.

Yeshtu – how much

Examples: Yeradu cup coffee yeshtu? - How much for two cups of coffee?

Interaction with waiter/manager

Sl no Kannada version English Translation

1 Thindi yenu ide? Whats there for snacks?

2 Idly, dose, vade Idly, dose, and vadas

3 Yeradu idly, ondu dose matte mooru cup coffee

Ok 2 idly, 1 dose and 3 cups of coffee

4 Yeshtu ? How much?

5 40 rupaayi 40 rupees

6 Thagoli Take it.

Interacting with the person serving

7 Swalpa bega kodi Please give these fast.

8 Ii dose thannigagide bere kodi This dose is cold. Give me another one.

9 Illa saar iga madidu No sir. This has just been prepared.

10 Illa nanage bere kodi No please give me another one.

Enquiring for lodging

Sl no Kannada version English Translation

1 Nimma hotel nalli double bedroom room ideya?

Dou you have double bedroom rooms in your hotel?

2 Ondu dinakke yeshtu chargu? What is the charge for a day?

3 Single bedroom ge yeshu? What’s the charge for a single bedroom?

4 Room service ideya? Do you have room service?