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3/4/2014 Ibn Sa'd's (public_html/religie/hadith) http://www.soebratie.nl/religie/hadith/IbnSad.html#Book 9.1 1/354 Haroen Soebratie In de naam van Allah, de Barmhartige, de Genadevolle. Zoeken via Index in Hadith`s en Bronnen van de Hadith`s Ibn Sa'd's Abu 'Abd Allah Muhammad Ibn Sa'd Ibn Mani' alZuhri alBasrí KITAB ALTABAQAT ALKABIR Volume 1 Part III Volume 2 Part III IBN SA'D'S KITAB ALTABAQAT ALKABIR, Volume 1 Parts I Preface Introduction 1. The Chain of Narrators of the Book 2. The Genealogy of the Prophet 3. Account of the Prophets from whom the Apostle of Allah was descended 4. Account of Eve 5. Prophet Idris 6. Prophet Nuh 7. Account of Prophet Ibrahim, the friend of the Benevolent 8. Account of Isma`il (may peace be on him) 9. Account of Generations and period between Adam and Muhammad (may Allah bless them) 10. Account of the names of the Prohets and their Genelogies 11. Account of the Genealogy of the Prohet of Allah (may Allah bless him) and the names of his Forefathers to Adam 12. Account of Female Ancestors of the Apostle of Allah (peace be on him) 13. Account of Female Ancestors of the Apostle of Allah (may Allah bless him), Bearing the names, Fatimah and `Atikah 14. Account of the Mothers of the Prohet's Ancestors 15. Account of Qusayyi Ibn Kilab 16. Account of `Abd Manaf Ibn Qusayyi 17. Account of Hashim Ibn 'Abd Manaf 18. Account of `Abd alMuttalib 19. Account of 'Abd alMuttalib's vow to slaughter his Son

Kitab Al Tabaqat Al Kabir

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A collection of narrations about the genealogy of the prophet of Islam http://www.soebratie.nl/religie/hadith/IbnSad.html

Text of Kitab Al Tabaqat Al Kabir

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    HaroenSoebratie

    IndenaamvanAllah,deBarmhartige,deGenadevolle.

    ZoekenviaIndexinHadith`senBronnenvandeHadith`s

    IbnSa'd'sAbu'AbdAllahMuhammadIbnSa'dIbnMani'

    alZuhrialBasrKITABALTABAQATALKABIR

    Volume1PartIIIVolume2PartIII

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,Volume1PartsI

    PrefaceIntroduction1.TheChainofNarratorsoftheBook2.TheGenealogyoftheProphet3.AccountoftheProphetsfromwhomtheApostleofAllahwasdescended4.AccountofEve5.ProphetIdris6.ProphetNuh7.AccountofProphetIbrahim,thefriendoftheBenevolent8.AccountofIsma`il(maypeacebeonhim)9.AccountofGenerationsandperiodbetweenAdamandMuhammad(mayAllahblessthem)10.AccountofthenamesoftheProhetsandtheirGenelogies11.AccountoftheGenealogyoftheProhetofAllah(mayAllahblesshim)andthenamesofhisForefatherstoAdam12.AccountofFemaleAncestorsoftheApostleofAllah(peacebeonhim)13.AccountofFemaleAncestorsoftheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblesshim),Bearingthenames,Fatimahand`Atikah14.AccountoftheMothersoftheProhet'sAncestors15.AccountofQusayyiIbnKilab16.Accountof`AbdManafIbnQusayyi17.AccountofHashimIbn'AbdManaf18.Accountof`AbdalMuttalib19.Accountof'AbdalMuttalib'svowtoslaughterhisSon

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    20.AccountoftheMarriageof`AbdAllahIbn`AbdalMuttalibto'AminahBintWahbthemotheroftheApostleofAllah(maypeacebeonHim)21.AccountoftheWomanwhoofferedherselfto`AbdAlaahIbn'AbdalMuttalib22.AccountofthePregnancyof'AminahwiththeProphet(mayAllahblessHim)23.Accountofthedeathof'AbdAllahIbn'AbdalMuttatib24.AccountoftheBirthoftheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblessHim)25.AccountoftheNamesandPatronymicsoftheApostle(mayAllahblessHim)26.AccountofthePatronymicsoftheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblessHim)27.AccountofthosewhoSuckledtheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblessHim)andNamesofHisFosterBrothersandSisters28.Accountofthedeathof'AminahthemotheroftheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim)29.Accountof`AbdalMuttalib'sCustodyoftheApostleofAllahaftertheDemiseof'Aminah,andofhisDeath,andhisDerectionstoAbuTalibConcerningtheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim)30.AccountofAbuTalib'sCustodyoftheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblessHim)andHisfirstJourneytoSyriawithHim31.AccountoftheCrazingofGoatsbytheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblessHim)atMakkah32.AccountofthePresenceoftheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim),attheBattleofFijar33.AccountoftheParticipationoftheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim),intheOathofAlFudul34.AccountofthesecondJourneyoftheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim),toSyria35.AccountoftheMarriageoftheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim),withKhadijahBintKhuwaylid36.AccountoftheChildrenoftheApostleofAllah,(mayAllahblessHim),andtheirNames37.AccountofIbrahimtheSonoftheApostleofAllah(mayAllahblessHim)38.AccountoftheParticipationoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,intheDemolitionandConstructionoftheKa'bahbytheQuraysh39.AccountoftheCalltoProphethoodoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim40.AccountoftheSignsofProphethoodintheApostleofAllah,maypeacebeonHim,beforetheRevelation41.AccountofthosewhowerenamedMuhammadinthedaysofJahiliyyah,inthehopeofbeingCommissionedtoProphethoodwhichhadbeenPredicted42.SignsofProphethoodaftertheRevelationhadcometotheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim43.AccountoftheCalltoProphethoodoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHimandofwhatHewascommissionedto44.AccountoftheDaywhentheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,wasCommissioned(withProphethood)45.AccountofthecomingoftheRevelationtotheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim46.AccountofwhatportionoftheQur'anwasfirstRevealedtoHimandwhatwassaidtoHim,peacebeonHim47.AccountoftheAfflictionExperiencedbyHim(Prophet),mayAllahblessHim,atthetimeofcomingoftheRevelation48.AccountofthePreachingofIslambytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim49.AccountofthecomingoftheQurayshtoAbuTalibinconnectionwiththeProphet'saffair,mayAllahblessHim50.AccountofthefirstHijrahoftheCompanionsoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,toAbyssinia51.AccountoftheCausesoftheReturnoftheCompanionsoftheProphet,mayAllahblessHim,fromAbyssinia

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    52.AccountofthesecondHijrahtoAbyssinia53.AccountoftheBlockadebytheQurayshoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,alongwiththeBanuHashiminaMountainPass54.AccountoftheCausesoftheVisitJourneyoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,toAlTaif55.AccountoftheMi`raj(Ascension),andthePrayersbeingmadeObligatory56.AccountofthenightJourneyoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,toBaytalMuqaddas57.AccountoftheDa`wahoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,totheTribesofArabiaduringtheseasons(ofpilgrimage)58.AccountoftheInvitation(Du`a)oftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,toalAwsandalKhazraj59.Accountoffirstal`Aqabahthetwelve(persons)60.Accountofsecondal`AqabahwhenseventypersonsofferedBay'ahtotheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim61.AccountoftheStayoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,atMakkah,fromHisbeingcommissionedtoProphethoodtotheHijrah62.AccountofthegivingofPermissionbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,toMuslimsforMigrationtoalMadinah63.AccountoftheDepartureoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,andAbuBakr,onHijrahtoalMadinah

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,Volume1PartsII

    64.AccountofFraternization(Muwakhah)betweentheMuhajirsandtheAnsarseffectedbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim65.AccountoftheConstructionoftheMosquebytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,atalMadinah66.AccountofthechangeofQiblahfrom(thedirectionof)BaytalMuqaddastothatoftheKa`bah67.AccountoftheMosque,theFoundationofwichwasLaidonPiety68.AccountofAdhan69.AccountofFastinginthemonthofRamadan,FitrahCharity,`IedPrayersandSacrificebeingmadeObligatory70.AccountoftheMimbar(Pulpit)oftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim71.AccountofAlSuffahandtheCompanionsoftheProphet,mayAllahblessHim,Stayingonit72.AccountofthePlacewheretheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,saidtheFuneralprayers73.AccountoftheDespatchofEpistlesbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,tothechiefs,InvitingthemtoJointhefoldofIslam,andwhattheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,wrotetothepeopleofArabiaandothers74.AccountoftheDeputationsoftheArabstotheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim75.AccountoftheQualitiesoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,inAlTawrahandAlInjil76.AccountoftheQualitiesoftheMannersoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim77.AccountofPowerofSexualIntercourseGiventotheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim78.AccountofHis(Prophet's)OfferingHimselfforRecompense79.QualityofHisSpeech,mayAllahblessHim80.AccountoftheQualityofHisRecitationinPrayersandonotherOccasionsandtheMelodyofHisVoice,mayAllahblessHim81.AccountoftheQualityofHisDeliveryofSermon,mayAllahblessHim82.AccountofHisExcellentMannersandSociality,mayAllahblessHim83.AccountofHisGait,mayAllahblessHim84.AccountofHisMannerofEatingFood,mayAllahblessHim85.AccountofHisGoodHabits,mayAllahblessHim

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    86.AccountofthePrayersbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim87.AccountoftheAcceptingofthePresentsandtheRejectingofsadaqahbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim88.AccountoftheFoodoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim,andwhatFoodheLiked89.AccountofFoodsandDrinksDislikedbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim90.AccountofwhatofWomenandPerfumeswerelikedbytheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim91.AccountoftheHardnessofLife(Poverty)oftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim92.AccountoftheQualitiesoftheConstitutionoftheApostleofAllah,mayAllahblessHim93.94.95.96.97.98.99.100.

    DeHadith,deheiligeoverlevering

    NaasthetheiligewoordvanAllahzoalsdezeaanMohammedwasgeopenbaardenindeKoranwerdvastgelegd,circuleerdenindeeersteeeuwennadedoodvanMohammednogeengroteverzamelingvanuitsprakenenoverleveringendieaanMohammedenzijnmeestnabijevolgelingenwerdentoegeschreven.Dezewerdendoorverschillendeislamitischeschriftgeleerdenverzameldingeschriftendiebekendstaanalsdehadith,deoverlevering,endezegelden,nadeKoran,alsdeheiligeboekenvandetweederang.

    Aanvankelijkwerdendezetekstengeordendnaarhunherkomsteneendergelijkeverzameling,waarinvooriedereoverleveringeenvolledigeopsommingvandeketenvangetuigen(isnad)wordtopgegeven,staatbekendalseenmusnad.Onderdeoudstehadithverzamelingenvandezesoortgenietenmetnamedetweevolgendeeenhoogaanzien:

    AlMuwatta(MuwattaalImamMalik)verzamelddoorAbuAbdallahMalikibnAnasibnMalikibnabuAmiralAsbahi(ca.710795).MusnadAhmadbinHanbalverzamelddoorAbuAbdallahAhmadibnMuhammadibnHanbal(780855).

    Laterwerdendeoverleveringenmeernaaronderwerpinhoofdstukkengeordendeneendergelijkehadithverzamelingstaatbekendalseenmusannaf(geordend).Hiervanwordenzestraditioneelalshetmeestbetrouwbaargeachtendezestaanbekendalsdealkutubalsitta(dezesboeken)ofdezessahihs(degezondeofbetrouwbareboeken).Dezeverzamelingen,dieallendaterenuitdelaatstehelftvandenegendeenhetbeginvandetiendeeeuwvandewestersejaartelling,zijndevolgende:

    SahihalBukhariverzamelddoorAbuAbdallahMuhammadibnIsmailibnIbrahimibnalMughiraalJufialBukhari(810870).VolgenseenlatereoverleveringzoualBukhariinzestienjaartijdmaarliefst600000overleveringenhebbenverzameld,waarvanhijslechts7397betrouwbaargenoegachtteominzijnsahihoptenemen.SahihMuslimverzamelddoorAbulHusainMuslimibnalHajjajalQushairialNisaburi

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    (817875).SunanAbuDawudverzamelddoorAbuDawudSulaimanibnalAshathibnIshaqalAzdialSijistani(817888).SunanibnMajahverzamelddoorAbuAbdallahMuhammadibnYazidibnMajahalQazwini(824886).SunanalTirmidhiverzamelddoorAbuIsaMuhammadibnIsaibnSauraalSulamialTirmidhi(825892).SunanalNasaiverzamelddoorAbuAbdalRahmanAhmadibnAliibnShuaibibnAlialNasai(830915).

    Deeerstetweehiervan,dieookhetmeesteaanziengenieten,staanbekendalsdealsahihan(detweesahihs).

    Daarnaastwordtooknogvaakverwezennaardevolgendelaterehadithverzamelingen:

    MasabihalSunnahverzamelddoorAbuMuhammadalHusaynibnMas'udibnMubammadalFarra'alBaghawi(10431122).MishkatalMasabiheenuitbreidingeneencommentaarophetvorigewerkdoorWalialDinibnAbdAllahalTabrizi(???1348).

    PREFACEI

    InviewoftheimportanceofIbnSa'd'sKitabalTabaqtalKabirasoneoftheearliestworksonthebiographicalliteratureofIslamandavaluablesourceofinformationforthestudentsofIslamichistoryaswellasscholarsengagedinresearch,theSocietyhasdecidedtopublishanEnglishtranslationofthisvoluminousbook.TheUrdutranslationoftheTabaqtwaspublishedbytheTranslationBureau,HyderabadDeccan,in1944thishoweverisnowoutofprint.Moreover,itdoesnotcontainthefullchainsofnarratorsasgivenintheoriginal.

    Nodoubt,manyofthenarrationsincludedintheTabaqtarefabricatedanduntrustworthyandcannotbeacceptedasauthority,butthebookisavastmineofinformation,andthemodernreaderwillfindconsiderablematerialwhichisusefulfortheearlyhistoryofIslam.

    INTRODUCTIONI

    IbnSa'd(HisfullnamewasAbu'AbdAllahMuhammadIbnSa'dIbnMani'alZuhrialBasr,andheismentionedasaMawidofBannHAim.SeealDhahab,TadhkiratalIluffdrVol.II,p.13IbnHajar,TandhbalTahgaib,Vol.IX,p.182)isoneofthegreatestauthoritiesonIslamicbiographicalliteraturebutverylittleinformationhascomedowntousabouthisownlife.However,onthebasisofreferencesinArabicworkssomefactshavebeencollectedbylaterwriters.Hewasbornin168H.ata1BasrahsubsequentlyhemigratedtoBaghdadwherehejoinedhispreceptor,alWqidi,afterwhomhehascometobeknownasKtibalWaqidi.ThenhevisitedKufahandMadinah,where,hesays,heheardHadithfromsomeeminentscholarsin189H.HemusthaveleftMadinahbefore200H.sinceallthenarrators,onwhoseauthorityhehasreported,hadpassedawaybythattime.HediedonSunday,26JumadaalAkhirah,230H.,andwasburiedoutsidetheDamascusGatewhichwasalsoknownasBabalShm(SyrianGate).

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    ItisstatedthatlbnSa'dhadcollectedconsiderableinformationandcompiledseveralbooks,butthenamesofonlythreeofbisworksalTabaqtalKabir,alTabaqta1SaghirandAkhbralNabiarementioned.Ofthesethesecondisanabridgededitionofthefirst,andthethirdcoversinformationcontainedinthefirsttwovolumesofthefirstbook.Thus,actuallythereisonlyonebook.Thefamousscholar,Suyuti,abridgedtheTabaqtunderthetitle,InjazalWa'diLMuntaqaminTabaqtIbnSa'd.(SeeKashfalZunun(Istambul,1945),col.1103)

    IbnSa'dmetanumberofscholarsofhistime,manyofwhomweretrustworthynarratorsofHadith.OfhispreceptorsSufyanIbn`Uyaynah,AbualWalidalTayalisi,MuhammadIbnSa`dnalDarir,Waki`lbnalJarrah,SulaymanIbnHarb,Hushaym,alFadlIbnDukayn,alWalidIbnMuslim,Ma'nlbn`Isaetc.arecountedamongtrustworthynarrators.Moreover,IbnSa`d,whoholdsaneminentpositionamongthehistoriansandbiographersofIslam,usedtoexaminethenarrationscarefullybeforeincludingtheminhiswork.AmonghismanypupilsthenamesofalBaladhuri,alHarithIbnAbiUsamahandalHusaynIbnFahmmaybementioned.ThelasttwoarethetransmittersofIbnSa`d'sTabaqt.

    IbnSa`d'smonumentalworkKitbalTabaqtalKabirwaspublishedfromLeiden(1904to1921).Prof.E.Sachaucollecteditsmanuscriptsfromvariouslibrariesandeditedthetextwiththehelpofagroupofscholars.(TheeditorsofPart1ofVol.1,areVonEugenMittwochandProf.Sachau.)Theeditorshavedividedthebookintoeightvolumes,someofwhichhavetwoparts.ThefirsttwovolumesoftheTabaqtcontainnarrationsdealingwiththelifeofProphetMuhammadsubsequentvolumescontainclassifiedbiographiesofselectedCompanionsandtheirsuccessorsuptotheauthor'stime.(TheMuhaddi'hinofIslamhaveclassifiedtheCompanionsundertwelvecategories:(1)ThosewhowerethefirsttoembraceIslam,asforinstance,thefourrightlyguidedCaliphs(2)ThosewhoembracedIslamattheDaralNadwah(3)ThosewhomigratedtoAbyssinia(4)Thosewhoofferedbay'ahat'Aqabah(i)(5)Thosewhoofferedbuy`ahat'Aqabah(ii)(6)Thosewhomigrated(toalMadinah)aftertheazwahofBadrandbeforethepeaceofHudavbiyah(7)Thosewhoofferedbay'ahRidwanunderthetree(8)ThosewhomigrateduptotheconquestofMakkah(9)ThosewhoembracedIslamaftertheconquestofMakkah(10)ChildrenwhosawtheProphetattheconquestofMakkah(11)ThosewhosawtheProphetattheHajjahalwada'(12)others,SeeKashfalZunun,col.1103)

    OneoftheprominentfeaturesoftheTabaqtisthatitcontainschainsofauthoritiesforeachnarration.Thisenablesthereadertojudgeforhimselftheauthenticityorotherwiseofaparticularnarrationbydeterminingthetrustworthinessofthenarratorsmentionedinthechain.

    IbnSa`disgenerallyconsideredtobeatrustworthyandreliabletransmitterofHadith.Eminentwriters,likeIbnHajar,(TandhibalTandhib,Vol.IX,pp.1823)Dhahabi,(TadhkiratalHuffaz,Vol.II,p.13)KhatibBaghdadi,(TarikhBaghdad.Vol.V,p.321.2)andIbnKhallikan(SeeWdfayatalA'yan,No.619)havedeclaredhimtobetrustworthy.Theorientalistsalsohaveacceptedhisauthority,butitisanadmittedfactthatthreeofhispreceptorsalWaqidi,HishamIbnMuhammadIbnalSa'ibalKalbiandAbuMa`sharwerenottrustworthy.AlWaqidiissaidtohavefabricatedabouttwentythousandnarrations.Inspiteofthis,certaincriticsfindnoharminacceptinghisnarrationsrelatingtoSirahandMaghzi.Amodernwriter,however,cannotagreewiththisprinciple.Itisnecessarytodeterminethetrustworthinessofeverynarratorbeforeacceptinghisstatement,nomattertowhatsubjectitrelates.Nevertheless,somewriters,alJumahi,forinstance,consideredalWqiditobeoneofthemostlearnedmenofhistime.TheyalsosaythatevenImamMalikconsultedhimwhenhewasindifficulty.Mus'abalZubayrineversawascholarlikehim.Themajorityofcriticshavehoweverdeclaredhimtobeentirelyuntrustworthy.TheuntrustworthinessofalWaqidihasnotaffectedtheveracityofIbnSa'd.`AllmahShibliisthereforerightinhisremarkthathisnarrationsbasedontheauthorityofalWqidishouldnotbeacceptedwithout

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    furtherinvestigations.(Cf.SiratalNabi,(Kanpur,1918),pp.1819)

    IbnSa`dwasalsoconsideredtobeaprominentscholarofFiqhbyhiscontemporaries.IthasbeenstatedthathewasoneoftheseventopmostjuristswhomCaliphM'munhadinvitedtogivetheiropiniononthequestionoftheKhalqQur'an(creationofQur'an).AllofthemcorroboratedtheCaliph'sviewthattheQur'anwascreated.ForthisreasonsomeoftheMuhaddithinweredispleasedwithhim.AhmadIbnHanbal,thegreatestopponentofthedoctrineofKhalqQur'an,had,however,cordialrelationswithhimandusedtoborrowaportionofalWqidi'snarrationseveryFridayreturningitafterperusalonthefollowingFriday.(Cf.`AbbasIhsn:IntroductiontotheBeiruteditionoftheTabaqat(1957),p.8)

    IbnSa`d'sbookisastoreofinformation,butthereaderhastobecarefulinselectingtrustworthyandauthenticnarrationsfromthemassofmaterialwhichhehasleftforus.

    Anattempthasbeenmadeinthetranslationtobeasfaithfultotheoriginalaspossiblethishasresultedinconstantrepetitionofsomewordsandphrases,butithastheadvantageofpresentinganalmosttruepictureoftheArabicversion.Intheoriginaldirectformofspeechhasbeenusedinthestatementsofeverynarrator,butintheEnglishrenderingitbecameimpossibletoinserttheinvertedcommas.Wehavethereforeputacolontoindicatewhereaparticularnarrationbeginsattheendthereisasimplefullstopmark.

    Ineachcaseanewnarrationbeginswithafreshparagraph.ThefollowingexpressionshavebeenusedfortheArabictermsusedbythenarrators:

    herelatedtous.heinformedus.henarrated.

    Theseexpressionsareinvariablyfollowedby..(hesaid).Thepreposition(ontheauthorityof)presentsanotherdifficulty.Inthiscasethepossibilityofanintermediarynarratorcannotberuledout.Therewasagainadifficultywhenan`anwasfollowedbyanother`anorwhentherewasaseriesof`ans.Insuchcaseswehaveusedtheexpression,'heontheauthorityof,'whichmeansthattheinformationhasbeentransmittedeitheronthebasisofthedirectstatementofthenarratororinformationcomingthroughhim.Anexceptionhashoweverbeenmadeinnarrationswhere'anprecedesthenameoftheProphet.Inthesecaseswehaverendereditthus:HelearntfromthelipsoftheProphet.

    TheearlyMuslimhistoriansandbiographersrepeatwitheverynarrationthefullnameofthepersonwithhisgenealogysothathemightnotbeconfusedwithanamesake,ifany.Wehavealsoretainedthesenamesasgivenintheoriginal.

    AsthebookcontainsbiographicalnoticesofallthenarratorsandauthoritiesofIbnSa'dithasnotbeenconsiderednecessarytoaddanindexofpropernames.

    TheEnglishtranslationisbasedonProf.Sachau'sedition(Leiden,190421),butafewvariantsnoticedinitsBeirutreprint(1956)havebeenmentioned.

    InconclusionitmaybenotedthatthepresenttextoftheTabaqthascomedowntousthroughachainoftransmitters,thelastofwhomwasalDimyti.

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

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    1.THECHAINOFNARRATORSOFTHEBOOKI

    OGODMAKEITEASYANDHELP(US)!

    TheShaykh,theImam,theHafiz,themostlearned,thewellversedingenealogies,SharafalDin(thegloryofreligion)AbuMuhammad'AbdalMuminIbnKhalafIbnAbialHasanalDimyati(mayGodshowhimmercy)informedus,andIwashearinghesaid:TheShaykh,theImam,theMuhaddithofSyriaandthetrustedShamsalDinAbualHajjajYusufIbnKhalilIbn'AbdAllahalDimashqirelatedbeforeushesaid:AbuMuhammad`AbdAllahIbnDahbalIbn`AliIbnKarahrelatedbeforeushesaid:AlqadiAbuBakrMuhammadIbn`AbdalBaqiIbnMuhammadIbn`AbdAllahalAnsarirelatedbeforeushesaid:AbuMuhammadalHassanIbn`AliIbnMuhammadIbnalHasanIbn`AbdAllahalJawharinarratedontheauthorityofAbu`UmarMuhammadIbnal`AbbasIbnMuhammadIbnZakariyyaIbnYahyaIbnMu'adhIbnHayyawayhalKhazzaz(silkmerchant),from(i.e.ontheauthorityof)AbualHasanAhmadIbnMa'rufIbnBishrIbnMusaalKhashshab(timbermerchant)from(i.e.ontheauthorityof)AbuMuhammadalHarithIbnMuhammadIbnAbiUsamahalTamimifrom(i.e.ontheauthorityof)Abu`AdbAllahMuhammadIbnSa'dIbnMuni(mayGodshowhimmercy)he(i.e.IbnSa'd)said:

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    2.THEGENEALOGYOFTHEPROPHETI

    Volume1,Parts1.2.1

    MuhammadIbnMus`abalQirgisaniinformedushesaid:AlAwz`iinformedus,ontheauthorityofYahyIbnAbiKathir,heontheauthorityofAbuSalamahIbn`AbdalRahmn,heontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah(secondchain)he(lbnSa`d)said:alHakamIbnMusainformedushesaid:HiqlIbnZiyadinformedusontheauthorityofalAwz'ihesaid:Abu`Ammarnarratedtomehesaid:`AbdAllahlbnFarrukhnarratedtomehesaid:AbuHurayrahnarratedtomehesaid:

    TheApostleofAllahsaid:IamthechiefofthechildrenofAdam.(SunanAbuDwud:alMuhammadiPress,Delhi,Vol.II,p.286seealsoTahdhib,Vol.V,p.356)

    Volume1,Parts1.2.2

    MuhammadIbnMus'abinformedushesaid:AlAwza`iinformedusontheauthorityofAbu`AmmarShaddadheontheauthorityofWathilahlbnalAsga`,hesaid:

    TheProphetsaid:VerilyGodchoseIsma'ilfromthechildrenofIbrahim,HechoseBanuKinanahfromthechildrenofIsma'il,HechosetheQurayshfromBanuKinanah,HechosetheBanuHashimfromtheQuraysh,andHechosemefromtheBanuHashim.('AliIbnBurhnalDinalHalabialShafi'iInsanalUyunftSirahalAminalMamingenerallyknownasSirahalHalabiyah,Vol,I,pp.2829)

    Volume1,Parts1.2.3

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    AbuDamarahalMadaniAnasIbn`IydalLaythiinformedushesaid:Ja`farIbnMuhammadIbn`Aliinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,MuhammadIbn`AliIbnHusaynIbn`AliIbnAbiTalib:

    VerilytheProphetsaid:Goddividedtheearthintwohalvesandplaced(me)inthebetterofthetwo,thenHedividedthehalfinthreeparts,andIwasinthebestofthem,(SirahalHalabiyahVol.I,p.30)thenHechosetheArabsfromamongthepeople,thenHechosetheQurayshfromamongtheArabs,thenHechosetheBanuHashimfromamongtheQuraysh,thenHechosethechildrenof`AbdalMuttalibfromamongtheBanuHashim,thenHechosemefromamongthechildrenofAbdalMuttalib.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.4

    `ArimIbnalFadlalSudusiandYunusIbnMuhammadalMuwaddib(tutor)informedustheysaid:HammdIbnZaydinformedusontheauthorityof'Amri.e.IbnDinar,he,ontheauthorityofMuhammadIbn`Alihesaid:

    TheProphetofGodsaid:VerilyGodchosetheArabs,thenfromamongthemHechoseKinanah,orNadrIbnKinanah,thenfromamongthemHechosetheQuraysh,thenfromamongthemHechosetheBanuHashim,andfromthemHechoseme.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.5

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Ya`qubIbnIshaqalHadramiinformedushesaid:Al`AlalbnKhalidinformedushesaid:'AbdAllahIbn`UbaydIbn`Umayrinformedushesaid:

    TheProphetofAllahsaid:VerilyAllahchosetheArabs,thenHechosetheKinanahfromamongtheArabs,thenHechosetheQurayshfromamongtheKinanah,thenHechosetheBanuHashimfromamongtheQuraysh,andHechosemefromamongtheBanuHashim.(SirahalHalablyah,Vol.I,p.28)

    Volume1,Parts1.2.6

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Ism`ilIbnIbrahimalAsadiinformedusontheauthorityofYunus,heontheauthorityofHasanhesaid:

    TheProphetofAllahsaid:IamsuperioramongtheArabs.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.7

    HishmIbnMuhammadIbnalSa'ibalKalbiinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherheontheauthorityofAbuSalih,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbas:

    Inthecourseofthecommentaryoftheverse:"heisaProphetfromamongyourselves.(AlQur'an,Surah9:128)Hesaid:OpeopleofArabiayouhavegivenhimbirth.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.8

    AbuNu'aymalFadllbnDukayninformedushesaid:Al`AlaIbn`AbdalKarim

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    informedusontheauthorityofMujahidhesaid:

    TheProphetwastravellingbynightwithaguide,suddenlyheheardasingingcameldriverandhiskinsmenwerewithhim,thenhesaidtohiscomrade:"Whataluckymeeting,ifwehappentoapproachthem:thereuponwehastenedandjoinedthesemen.TheProphetofGodaskedthemtowichtribetheybelonged.TheyrepliedthattheybelongedtoMudar.He,then,said:IalsobelongtoMudar,oursingingcameldriverhadgrownweak,sohearingyoursingingcameldriverwecametoyou.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.9

    `UbaydAllahIbnMusaal'Abasiinformedushesaid:SufyanIbnSaidalThawriinformedusontheauthorityofHabibIbnAbiThabit,he,ontheauthorityofYahyaIbnJa`dahhesaid:

    TheProphetofAllahmetapartyofridersandaskedthemastowhichtribetheybelonged.TheyrepliedthettheybelongedtoMudar.Thenhesaid:IalsobelongtoMudar.Thereupontheysaid:OProphetofAllah,everytwoofusareridingonecamelandwehavenoprovisionexceptalaswadan(dateandwater).He(theProphet)saidLikewiseeverytwomenofusareridingonecamelandalsowehavenoprovisionexceptdateandwater.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.10

    'AbdalWahhabIbn`AtalIjliinformedushesaid:HanzalahIbnAbiSufyanalJumahiinformedusontheauthorityofTawushesaid:

    TheProphetofAllah,whilegoingon,heardthevoiceofasingingcameldriver,hewenttowardsitandapproachthemandsaid:Oursingingcameldriverhadgrownweakandweheardthevoiceofyoursingingcameldriverandwecameheretohearhim.Thenheaskedthemastowhichtribetheybelonged.TheyrepliedthattheybelongedtotheMudar.He,theProphetsaid:IalsobelongtotheMudar.Theysaid:OProphetofAllahthefirstmanwhofirstsangindrivingcamelswasaslavewhom,inajourney,hismasterstruckathishandswithastickwhichbroke.Theslavebegantosay:Omyhands!Omyhands!moveon!moveon!Hearingthisvoicethecamelsbegantomoveon.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.11

    Ma'nIbn`IsaalAshja`ialQazzaz(silkmerchant)informedushesaid:Mu'wiyahIbnSalihinformedusontheauthorityofYahyaIbnJabirwhohadseensomeCompanionsoftheProphethesaid:

    ThepeopleoftheBanuFuhayrahcametotheProphetandsaidtohim:Youbelongtous.Hereplied:Verily,(thearchangel)GabrielhasinformedmethatIbelongedtoMudar.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.12

    YazdIbnHaruninformedus,sayingAl`AwwamIbnHawshabinformedushesaid:MansurIbnalMu'tamarrelatedtoseontheauthorityofRib`iIbnHirash,heonthe

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    authorityofHudhayfah:

    HementionedMudarinhisspeechinwhichhesaidthatthechief(sayyid)ofmankind,i.e.theProphet,belongedtothem

    Volume1,Parts1.2.13

    'AffanIbnMusliminformedus,hesaid:`AbdalWhidlbnZiyadinformedushesaid:Ma`marinformedusontheauthorityofalZuhrihesaid:

    AdeputationofKindah,membersofwhichhadputonstripedgarmentswithbrocade,coveredcollarsandsleeves,waitedontheProphetwhoaskedthemiftheyhadembracedIslamtheysaid:Yesthereuponheorderedthemtotakeoffthegarments.He(Zuhri)said:theysaidtotheprophet`Ochildrenof`AbdManaf!youarethedescendantsof(theking)AkilalMurar,He(Zuhri)said:TheProphetsaidtothem:Discussthispointofgenealogywith`AbbasandAbuSufyan.He(Zuhri)said:Theysaidthattheywerenotpreparedtodiscusswithanyoneelsethereupon(theProphet)said:WethedescendantsofalNadrIbnKinanaharenotpreparedtopreferanyoneelsetoourmother,nortoclaimaspuriousfather.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.14

    Ya'qubIbnIbrahimIbnSa`dalZuhriinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofSlihIbnKaysan,heontheauthorityofIbnShihabhesaid:

    WehavebeeninformedthattheProphetsaidtothedeputationistsofKindah,whowaitedonhimatMadinahandwhoconsideredBanuHashimtobeabranchoftheirtribe:WethedescendantsofalNadrIbnKinanahwillneverpreferanyoneelsetoourmothernorshallweclaimanyoneotherthanourfather(i.e.traceourgenealogytoanypersonotherthanourfather).

    Volume1,Parts1.2.15

    He(IbnSa'd)said:Ma'nIbn`Isainformedushesaid,IbnAbiDhibinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather:

    ThatitwassaidtotheProhetthattherewerecertainpeopleofthe(tribeof)Kindahwhobelievedhimtobeoneofthem.ThereupontheProphetsaid:AlAbbasIbn`AbdalMuttalibandAbuSufyanIbnHarbassertedthisinYamanforsafety'ssakeGodforbidthatwemaychargeourmotherswithadulteryordisownourfatherswearethedescendantsofalNadrIbnKinanahandheisaliarwhosaysotherwise.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.16

    `AffanIbnMusliminformedushesaid:HammadIbnSalamahinformedushesaid:`AgilIbnTalhahinformedusontheauthorityofMuslimlbnHaysamheontheauthorityofAsh`athIbnQayshesaid:

    IwaitedontheProphetwithadeputationofthe(tribe0f)Kinanahwhichdidnotconsidermethebestofthem,butIsaidtotheProphet:Webelieveyoubelongtoour

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    tribehereplied:WearethedescendantsofalNadrIbnKinanah,wedonotdisownourmother,nordowedenyourfather.ThereuponalAsh'athsaid:IshallnotliketohearfromanyonedenyingtotehQurayshasbeingdescendedfromalNadrIbnKinanah,otherwiseIshallfloghiminpunishment.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.17

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Ma'nIbn`Isainformedushesaid:IbnAbiDhibinformedusontheauthorityofonewhoisnotsuspectedofuntrustworthinessheinformedusontheauthorityof'AmrIbnal`AsthattheProphetsaid:

    IamMuhammadIbn`AbdAllah.Andhetracedhislineagetillhereachedal_NadrIbnKinanah,sowhoevertellsotherwisespeaksalie.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.18

    YazidIbnHarunand'AbdAllahIbnNumayrinformedustheysaid:Isma'ilIbnAbiKhalidinformedusontheauthorityofQaysIbnAbiHazim:

    ThatamancametotheProphet,whilestandingbeforehim,hebegantotrembleinterrortheProphetsaidtohim:Bepatient,Iamnotaking,IamonlythesonofaQurayshitewomanwhousedtoeatqadid(slicedmeatdriedinsun).

    Volume1,Parts1.2.19

    He(IbnSa'd)said:HushaymIbnBashirinformedus:hesaid:HusayninformedusontheauthorityofAbuMalik,hesaid:

    TheprophethadrelationshipwithallthebranhesoftheQurayshandtherewasnosubtribewhichhadnotashareinhisrelationshipitiswhyGodsaidtohim:Say(OProphet),Idonotwantareturnformysolicitationsbutthatyoushouldshowconsiderationsformyrelationshipandprotectme.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.20

    He(IbnSa'd)said:Sa'idIbnMansurinformedushesaid:Hushayminformedushesaid:DawudinformedusontheauthorityofSha`bi:hesaid:

    Thereweredivergentinterpretationsofthisverse...soitwaswrittentoIbn`AbbaswhorepliedthattheProphethadrelationshipwithallthebranchesoftheQurayshandtherewasnosubtribewhichhadnotashareinhisgenealogy,soGodtheMostHighandExaltedrevealedtohim:Say(OProphet!),Iwantnoreturnformysolicitationsexcepttherelationshipthatsubsistsbetweenus,youshouldhaveaconsiderationforitandprotectme.(Surah42:23)

    Volume1,Parts1.2.21

    Ya`qubIbnIshaqalHadramiinformed'ushesaid:'AmrIbnAbiZ'idahinformedushesaid:

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    Iheard`IkrimahinterpretingtheverseofGod...Hesaid:TherewasscarcelyasubtribeoftheQuraysh,whichhadnotarelationshipwiththeProphetsohesaidtothemiftheywerenotprotectinghimforwhathehadbroughttothem,theycouldprotecthimforhisrelationship.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.22

    AhmadIbn`AbdAllahIbnYunusinformedushesaid:Isra'ilinformedusontheauthorityofSalim,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayr:

    Intheinterpretationoftheverse...Heinterpreteditthus:Showmeconsiderationofmyrelationshipwithyou.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.23

    He(IbnSa'd)said:Waki`IbnalJarrhinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofIsra'il,heontheauthorityofAbuIshaq,heontheauthorityofalBaraIbn'Azib(secondchain),he(IbnSa`d)said:`UbaydAllahIbnMusaal`Abasi,QabisahIbn'UqbahalSuw'iandalDahhakIbnMakhladalShaybniinformedustheysaid:SufyanalThawriinformedusontheauthorityofAbuIshq,heontheauthorityofalBaraIbn'Azib(thirdchain)he(IbnSa`d)said:WahbIbnJarirIbnHazim,'AffanIbnMuslimandHishamAbualWalid'AbdalMalika1Tayalisisaid:Shu`bahinformedusontheauthorityofAbuIshaqheontheauthorityofalBaraIbn'Azib

    ThatheheardtheProphetrecitingonthedayofHunayn:"IamaProphetandthereisnofalsehoodin(thisclaim),andIamthegrandson(lit:son)of`AbdalMuttalib."

    Volume1,Parts1.2.24

    He(IbnSa`d)said:"AlDahhakIbnMakhladalShaybniinformedusontheauthorityofShabibIbnBishr,heontheauthorityof'Ikrimah,heontheauthorityofIbn'AbbAs:

    "Heinterpretedtheverse(AlQur'an,26:219andyourturninginthoseprostrating)asfromProphettoProphet,fromProphettoProphettill(Allahsaid)IshallraiseyouasaProphet."

    Volume1,Parts1.2.25

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Sa'idIbnSulaymanalWsitiandMuhammadIbnalSabbhalBazzz(clothmerchant)informedusontheauthorityofIsma'ilIbnJa'farhesaid:`Amri.e.IbnAbi'AmrthemawlofalMuttalibinformedusontheauthorityofSa'idi.e.alMagburiheinformedusontheauthorityofAbuHurayrah,saying:

    TheProphetsaid:Ihavebeenraisedinthebestperiodofmankindi.e.everysuccessiveperiodwasbetterandmineisthebest.

    Volume1,Parts1.2.26

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    He(IbnSa`d)said:AbdalWahhbIbn`Atal`IjliinformedusontheauthorityofSaidIbnAbi'Arubah,heontheauthorityofQatdahhesaid:

    IthasbeenmentionedtousthattheProphetsaid:WhenGodwantstoraiseaprophetHechoosesthebesttribeofthepeopleandthenHechoosesthebestman.

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    3.ACCOUNTOFTHEPROPHETSFROMWHOMTHEAPOSTLEOFALLAHWASDESCENDED

    IVolume1,Parts1.3.1

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbnAbiSufyanHumaydal`AbdiinformedusontheauthorityofSufyanIbnSa'idalThawri,heontheauthorityofHishmIbnSa`d,heontheauthorityofSa'idalMagburi,heontheauthorityofAbuHurayrahhesaid:

    TheProphetsaid:AllpeoplearechildrenofAdamandAdamrosefromthedust.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.2

    He(IbnSa'd)said:AlFadlIbnDukaynandMuhammadIbn'AbdAllahalAsadisaid:Sufyaninformedusontheauthorityof'AtAIbnalSa'ib,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayrhesaid:

    AdamwasborninthelandcalledDahna(aplateau).(AlTabari,Vol.1,P.60)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.3

    He(IbnSa'd)said:MuhammadIbn'AbdAllahalAsadiandKhalladIbnYahyasaid:Mis'arinformedusontheauthorityofAbuHasinhesaid:

    Sa'idIbnJubayrsaidtome:DoyouknowwhyAdamwasnamedAdam?Becausehewascreatedfromtheskinoftheearth.(AlTabari,Vol.1,p.46)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.4

    He(IbnSa'd)saidHawdhahIbnKhalifahinformedus,saying:`AwfinformedusontheauthorityofQusmahhesaid:IheardAbuMusaalAsh`arisaying:TheProphetsaid:

    VerilyAllahcreatedAdamoutofhandfulofdust,Heseizedfromeverykindofsoiloftheearth,sothechildrenofAdambecameofvarioustypesaccordingtothesoilsuchasred,white,blackandothershadesofthem,softandhard,andstinkingandgood.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.5

    He(IbnSa`d)said:`AmrIbnAsimalKilabiinformedussaying:alMu`tamarIbn

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    Sulaymaninformedusontheauthorityof'AsimalAhwal(squinteyed),heontheauthorityofAbuQulbahhesaid:

    Adamwascreatedoutoftheskinoftheearthofeachtypeblack,red,white,hardandsoftandalHasansaidsomethingsimilartoitandthathistrunkwascreatedoutofalevelledground.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.6

    He(IbnSa`d)said:AbuQatan'AmrIbnalHaythaminformedussaying:Shu'bahinformedusontheauthorityofAbiHasin,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayrhesaid:

    AdamwascalledAdambecausehewascreatedfromthecrustoftheearthandhewascalledInsan(forgetful)becauseheforgot.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.7

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HusaynIbnHasanalAshqariinformedussaying:Ya`qubIbn`AbdAllahalQummiinformedusontheauthorityofJa'fari.e.IbnAbialMughirah,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayr,heontheauthorityofIbnMas'udhesaid:

    AllahsentIbliswhoobtainedfromthecrustoftheearthitssweetandsaltish(clay),then(Allah)createdAdamwhoeveriscreatedofhissweetpartwillenterheavenalthoughhebethesonofanimpiousperson,andwhoeveriscreatedoutofthesaltishpartwillenterhellalthoughhebethesonofapiousperson.ForthisreasonIblissaid(toAllah):AmItoprostratebeforeonewhomThouhastcreatedoutofclay?HesaidthisbecausehehadbroughttheclayandAdamwassonamedbecausehewascreatedoutofthecrustoftheearth.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p.46)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.8

    He(IbnSa`d)said:AlHasanIbnMusaalAshyabandYunusIbnMuhammadalMuwaddibsaid:HammdIbnSalamahinformedusontheauthorityofThabitalBunni,heontheauthorityofAnasIbnMalikhesaid:TheProphet,mayAllahblesshim,said:

    WhenAllahfashionedAdam,HelefthimuntilHeliked.InthemeantimeIbliswentoncircumambulatingroundhimwhenhediscoveredhimtothehollow,hesaid:thiscreaturewillnotstraighten.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.9

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Mu`adhIbnMu'dhal`Anbarlinformedus,saying:SulaymnalTaymiinformedussaying:Abu'UthmanalNahdiinformedusontheauthorityofSalmanalFrisiorIbnMasudhesaid:

    AllahkneadedtheclayofAdamforfortynightsorhesaidfortydays,thenHestruckitwithHishandandthenitspleasantportioncameintoHisrighthandandnoxiousportionintoHislefthand.ThenHemixedthem.He(IbnSa'd)said:itiswhyHebrings

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    livingthingsoutofthedeadanddeadonesfromtheliving.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.10

    Ism`ilIbn`AbdAllahIbnAbiUwaysalMadaniinformedussaying:Myfatherrelatedtomeontheauthorityof`AwnIbn'AbdAllahIbnalHarithalHshimi,heontheauthorityofhisbrother`AbdAllahIbn`AbdAllahIbnalHarith,heontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:TheProphetsaid:

    VerilyAllahcreatedAdamwithHisownhand.(AlQur'an,23:1214327,etc)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.11

    He(lbnSa'd)said:Isma'ilIbn`AbdalKarimalSan`aniinformedushesaid:'AbdalSamadIbnMa`qilrelatedtomesaying:IheardWahbIbnMunabbihsaying:

    AllahcreatedthecildrenofAdamasHelikedandfromwhateverHeliked,sotheybecamewhattheyare,soblessedbeAllah,thebestofCreators.Hecreatedhimfromdustandwaterandoutofthemhisflesh,blood,hairbonesandallhisbody.ThisisthebeginningofthecreationofthechildrenofAdam.Thenbreathwasblownintohimwithwhichhestands,sits,hears,sees,andknowswhattheanimalsknow,andavoidswhattheyavoid.Thensoulwasgiventohimwithwhichhediscernsrightfromwrongandguidancefrommisguidance,andfears,goesahead,conceals,learns,andmanagesallhisaffairs.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.12

    He(IbnSa`d)said:KhalladlbnYahyinformedussaying:HishamIbnSa'dinformedus,saying:ZaydIbnAslaminformedusontheauthorityofAbuSlih,heontheauthorityofAbuHurayrahhesaid:

    TheProphetsaid:WhenAllahcreatedAdam,Hetouchedhisbackandallsoulswhicharetobecreateduptothedayofresurrectionfellfromhisback,thenHecreatedaglowoflightbetweentheireyes,thenHepresentedthemtoAdamwhoaskedastowhotheywere.(Allah)said:Youroffspring.Thenhesawamanwhoselightwasmuchlikedbyhimandhe(Adam)inquiredabouthim.HewasinformedthathisnamewasDawud.Thenheinquiredastohowlonghewilllivehewasinformedthathislifewouldbesixtyyears.ThenAdamsaid:Enhancehislifebyfortyyearsandthesamemaybediminishedfrommine.He(Allah)said:Thatitwastobenotedandsealedandthattherewouldbenochangeinit.He(theProphet)said:WhenAdam'slifecametoanendandtheangelofdeathcametohim:he(Adam)said:Donotyetremainfortyyearsoutofmylife?HewasinformedthatthesehehadbestowedanDawud,oneofhisoffspring.TheProphetremarkedthathedenieditandlikehimhischildrenalsodeny:andAdamforgot,sohischildrenforgot:andAdamcommittedamistakeandsohischildrencommitmistakes.(AlTabari,Vol.Ip.77,78)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.13

    AlHasanIbnMusalAshyabinformedus,saying:HammdIbnSalamahinformedus

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    ontheauthorityof`AliIbnZayd,heontheauthorityofYusufIbnMihrn,heontheauthorityofIbnAbbashesaid:

    Whentheverseoffaithwasrevealed,theProphetsaid:ThefirstpersonwhodeniedwasAdamhedeniedthrice:oncewhenAllahcreatedAdam,touchedhisback,tookouthisoffspringandpresentedthemtohim,hesawamongthemapersonwithlightandaskedAllahwhichofhisoffspringhewas.He(Allah)said:Itisyouroffspring,Dawud.Thenheinquiredabouthisagewhichwassaidtobesixtyyears.ThereuponheprayedtoAllahtoaddtohisage.He(Allah)said:No!savethatyouhaveyourownlifediminishedequaltotheperiodyouwanttoaddtohisage.TheProphetsaidthatAdamlifewasdestinedtobeonethousandyears.ThereuponAdamsaid:OmyLord!addtohislifefrommine.Thenfortyyearswereaddedtoitandaducumentwasexecutedandtheangelswerewitnessestoit.WhenAdamwasatthepointofdeathandtheangelscametoextracthissoul,hesaidthatfortyyearsofhislifestillremained.Theyrepliedthathehaddonatedthoseyearstohisoffspring,Dawud.Thereuponhesaid:OmyLord!Ididnotdoit.ThenAllahrevealedthatbookandthewitnessesgaveevidence:thenAllahcompletedonethousandyearsofAdam'slife,andonehundredyearsofDawud'slife.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p.78)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.14

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Ism`ilIbnIbrahimalAsadi,whoisIbn`Ulayyah,informedusontheauthorityofKulthumIbnJabr,beontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayr,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbas,aboutHis(Allah's)words:

    "And(remember)whenthyLordbroughtforthfromthechildrenofAdam,fromtheirreins,theirseed,andmadethemtestifyofthemselves,(saying):AmInotyourLord?Theysaid:Yea,verily!Wetestify."(AlQur'an7:172)(Ibn`Abbassaid):ThenyourLordtouchedthereinsofAdam,thenallthesouls,thatHeistocreatetillthedayofresurrection,emergedatNa'man,beyond`ArafatthenHeobtainedacovenantfromthem.AmInotyourLord?Theysaid:Yea,verily!Wetestify.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.15

    Isma'ilsaid:

    Rabi'ahIbnKulthumrelatedtous,ontheauthorityofhisfather,inthishadith."Theysaid:Yea,verily!wetestify:(Thatwas)lestyeshouldsayattheDayofResurrection:Lo!ofthiswewereunaware."

    Volume1,Parts1.3.16

    He(IbnSa`d)said:SulaymanIbnHarbinformedussaying:HammadIbnZaydinformedusontheauthorityofKulthumIbnJabr,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayr,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbas,hesaid:

    YourLordtouchedthereinsofAdamatNa'man,thisveryNa'man,(i.e.Na'manalArak,avalleybeyond`Arafah)andbroughtfortheverysoulthatHeistocreateuptotheDayofResurrectionthenHe(Allah)obtainedthecovenant.(IbnJubayr)said:thenherecited:"And(remember)whenthyLordbroughtforthfromthechildrenofAdam,

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    fromtheirreins,theirseed,andmadethemtestifyofthemselves,(saying):AmInotyourLord?Theysaid:Yea,verily!Wetestify."(Thatwas)lestyeshouldsayattheDayofResurrection:Lo!ofthiswewereunawareOrlestyoushouldsay:(Itis)only(that)ourfathersascribedpartnerstoAllahofold[andwewere(their)seedafterthem.]"(AlQur'an7:1723)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.17

    Sa'idIbnSulaymanalWasitiinformedussaying:Mansuri.e.IbnAbialAswadinformedusontheauthorityof'AtaIbnalSa'ib,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayr,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbashesaid:

    AllahcreatedAdamonamound,thentouchedhisreinsandbroughtfortheverysoulthatHeistocreateuptotheDayofResurrection,saying:"AmInotyourLord?Theysaid:Yea,verily."He(Ibn`Abbas)said:Allahsays:"Wetestify.(Thatwas)lestyeshouldsayattheDayofResurrection:Lo!ofthiswewereunaware."(AlQur'an7:172)Sa'idIbnJubayrsays:Theyholdtheview,thecovenantwasmadethatday.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.18

    He(IbnSa'd)said:AbuHudhayfahalNahdiMusaIbnMas'udinformedus(saying):ZuhayrIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityof`AbdAllahIbnMuhammadIbn`Aqil,heontheauthorityof`AbdalRahmanIbnYazidalAnsari,heontheauthorityofAbuLubabahIbn`AbdalMundhir:

    VerilytheProphetsaid:FridayisthechiefofdaysandgreatestofthembeforeAllah.HecreatedAdaminthatday,hewascastontheearthinthatdayandinthatdayAllahmadehimdie.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p.57)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.19

    He(IbnSa`d)said:`AffanIbnMusliminformedus(saying):HammadIbnSalamahinformedusontheauthorityofMuhammadIbn`Umar,heontheauthorityofAbuSalamah,heontheauthorityof`AbdAllahIbnSalamhesaid:

    AllahcreatedAdaminthelaterpartofFriday.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p.58)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.20

    'AmrIbnalHaythaminformedus(saying):Shu`bahinformedusontheauthorityofHakam,heontheauthorityofIbrahimhesaid:Salmansaid:

    ThefirstpartcreatedofAdamwashishead,andhisbodywascreatedwhichhewasseeing.He(Salman)said:Histwofeetstillremainedwhenitwasthetimeof`Asr(thedecliningday),thenhesaid:OLordofthenight!quicken,thenightisapproaching,andAllahsaid:"formanwasveryhasty".(AlQur'an17:11)ProbablyamistakeormisprintsinceintheQur'antheverseruns.Thesecondverseonthesubjectis("Manismadeofhaste").(AlQur'an21:37)AlTabariquotestheversecorrectly.SeeVol.I,p.58

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    Volume1,Parts1.3.21

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbnHumaydal`AbdiinformedusontheauthorityofMa`mar,heontheauthorityofQatadahrelatingtoHis(Allah's)words,mintin(fromclay)hesaid:

    Adamwasextractedoutoftheearth.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.22

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbnHumaydal`AbdiinformedusontheauthorityofMa`mar,heontheauthorityofQatadahrelatingtoHis(Allah's)saying:

    Anshanakhalqanakhar(andthenproduceditasanothercreation)(AlQur'an23:14)hesaid:some(people)sayitreferstothegrowthofhair,whileotherssayitreferstotheblowingofsoul(intohisbody).

    Volume1,Parts1.3.23

    HammedIbnKhalidalKhayyatinformedusontheauthorityofMu`awiyahIbnSalih,heontheauthorityofRashidIbnSa'dhesaid:`AbdalRahmanIbnQatadahalSulami,whowasoneoftheCompanionsoftheProphet,relatedtous:IheardtheProphetsaying:

    VerilyAllahcreatedAdam,thenHebroughtforthhisseedfromhisreinsandsaid:TheywillbeintheheavensandIcarenotandtheywillbeinthehellandIcarenot.Thereuponamansaid:Thenwhyshouldwedoanythingatall?He(Prophet)replied:forwhatisdestinedtohappen.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.24

    MuhammadIbnMuqatilalKhursanlinformedus(saying):`AbdAllahlbnalMubrakinformedus:Ism`ilIbnRafiinformedusthatheheardSa'id:alMaqburisayingthatAbuHurayrahsaid:

    ThefirstpartofAdamthroughwhichspiritpassedwerehiseyesandnostrilswhenthesoulpassedtootherpartshesneezed,andAllahonspriredhimtopraiseHim,whichhedidandAllahsaidtohim:MayyourLordshowyoumercy.ThenAllahsaidtohim:OAdam!gotothisgroupandsaytothem:Peacebeonyou,andseewhattheyreply.Hedidaccordingly,thenhecamebacktotheAllPowerfulAllah,Whoaskedhim,althoughHeisOmniscient,whattheyhadsaid,He(Adam)said:theyreplied:OnyoubethepeaceandblessingofAllah.ThenHe(Allah)saidtohim:OAdam!thiswillbe(theformof)yourgreetingandthatofyourchildren.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p489)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.25

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishmIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSlih,heontheauthorityof1bn`Abbashesaid:

    WhenspiritwasblownintoAdam,hesneezedandsaid:AllpraisebetoAllah,theLord

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    oftheworlds.ThenAllahsaid:MaythyLordblessthee!Ibn`Abbassaid:HismercywentbeforeHiswrath.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.26

    He(IbnSa`d)said:`Affan1bnMuslimandHasanIbnMusaalAshyabinformedustheysaid:HammadIbnSalamahinformedusontheauthorityof'AliIbnZayd,heontheauthorityofYusufIbnMihrn,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbashesaid:

    WhenAllahcreatedAdam,hisheadtouchedthesky,thenAllahestablishedhimontheearthandreducedhimtosixtycubitsintosevencubits.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.27

    He(IbnSa`d)said:'AbdalWahhabIbn`Ataal`IjliinformedusontheauthorityofSa'id,heontheauthorityofQatadah,heontheauthorityofalHasan,heontheauthorityof'Utayyi,heontheauthorityofUbayyiIbnKa'b,heontheauthorityoftheProphethe(Prophet)said:

    VerilyAdamwasverytalllikeaplamhavingthicklygrownhair,butwhenhecommittedtheerror,hisnakednessbecameapparenttohimandpriortoithehadnotseenitsohebeganrunningintheheavenandatreeobstructedhispath,andhesaidtoit:Letmego.Thetreesaid:No!I'llnotletyougo.TheProphetsaid:TheLordsaidtohim:OAdam!doyouescapefromme?Hesaid:Ifeelashamed,beforeThee.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p.80)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.28

    He(IbnSa`d)said:SaidIbnSulaymninformedus:`AbbdIbnal`AwwminformedusontheauthorityofSaidIbnAbi'Arubah,heontheauthorityofQatadah,heontheauthorityofa1Hasan,heontheauthorityofUbayyiIbnKa`b:

    WhomadeasimilarnarrationbutdidnotascribeittotheProphet.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.29

    HafsIbn`UmaralHawdiinformedus:AbuHamzahIshaqIbnRabi`alAttarinformedusontheauthorityofalHasan,heontheauthorityof`Utayyi,heontheauthorityofUbayyiIbnKa`bhesaid:

    Adamwastall,ofbrowncomplexion,havingcurlyhairasonahighpalmtree.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.30

    He(IbnSa`d)said:YahyIbnalSakaninformedus:HammadIbnSalamahinformedus:`AliIbnZaydIbnJud'AninformedusontheauthorityofSa'idIbnalMusayyibhesaid:TheProphet,mayAllah'speacebeonhim,said:

    Thepeopleofheavenwillenteritwithoutclothes,beardless,havingcurlyhair,with

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    collyriumappliedtotheireyesandwiththestatureofAdam,sixtycubitsintosevencubits.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.31

    He(IbnSa`d)said:AhmadIbn'AbdAllahIbnYunusinformedus:FudaylIbn`IyadinformedusontheauthorityofHishm,heontheauthorityofalHasanhesaid:

    Adamweptforheavensforthreehundredyears.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.32

    'AmrIbnalHaythamandHshimIbnalQasimalKinaniinformedustheysaid:AlMas`udiinformedus,ontheauthorityofAbu`UmaralShami,heontheauthorityof`UbaydIbnalKhashkhash,heontheauthorityofAbuDharrhesaid:

    IaskedtheProphet,mayAllah'speacebeonhim,whowasthefirstProphet?Hereplied:ItwasAdam.Isaid:WasheaProphet?Hesaid:Yes!theonewithwhomAllahhadtalked.He(AbuDharr)said:HowmanyofthemareMursal(Messengers)?He(Prophet)replied:Alargenumber,thatisthreehundredandfifteen.(315)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.33

    He(IbnSa`d)said:AbuSalamahMusIbnIsm`ilalTabudhakiinformedus:HammdIbnSalamahinformedusontheauthorityof`AbdAllahIbn'UthmanIbnKhuthaym,heontheauthorityofSa'idIbnJubayr,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbashesaid:

    Adamhadfourchildrencomprisingoftwotwins,onemaleandonefemaleineachpair.Thesisterbornwiththeagriculturistwasprettyandtheotherbornwiththeherdsmanwasugly.Sotheagriculturistsaid:Ihavebetterclaimonher.Theherdsmansaid:Ihavebetterclaimonher.Theherdsmansaid:Woetothee!dostthouwantpreferenceovermebecauseofherbeauty.Comeon!Letuseachmakeanoffering.Ifthyofferingisaccepted,thouwilthavebetterclaimonher,andifmyofferingisacceptedIshallhavebetterclaimonher.He(Ibn`Abbas)said:Bothofthemofferedofferingsandtheherdsmanofferedawhiteramwithlargeeyes,stronghorns,whiletheagriculturistbroughtforthsomefood.TheramwasacceptedanditwaspreservedintheheavenforfortyautumnsandthesameramwasslaughteredbyIbrahim.Thereupontheagriculturistsaid(totheherdsman):Ishallkillthee.Theherdsmanreplied:"Evenifthoustretchoutthyhandagainstmetokillme,Ishallnotstretchoutmyhandagainsttheetokillthee,Lo!IfearAllah,theLordoftheworlds.Lo!Iwouldratherthoushouldstbearthepunishmentofthesinagainstmeandthineownsinandbecomeoftheownersofthefire.Thatistherewardoftheevildoers."(AlQur'an5:2829)Thenhekillhim.ThesinnersamongAdam'schildrenaretheprogenyofthistansgressor.(AlTabari,Vol.I,p.70)

    Volume1,Parts1.3.34

    He(IbnSaid)said:MusIbnIsm`ilinformedus:HammdIbnSalamahinformedus

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    ontheauthorityof`AliIbnZayd,heontheauthorityofYusufIbnMihran,heontheauthorityofIbn'Abbashesaid:

    Adamusedtowedhisdaughterofonetwinpairwiththesonoftheotherandviceversa.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.35

    He(lbnSa`d)said:HafsIbn`UmaralHawdiinformedus:IshqIbnalRabi`informedusontheauthorityofalHasan,heontheauthorityof`Utayyi,heontheauthorityofUbayyiIbnKa`b(hesaid):

    VerilywhenthehourofAdam'sdeathapproached,hesaidtohissons:Omysons!findafruitoftheheavenwhichIurgentlydesire.Hissonswentout,andtheyweresearchingfruitforhisdisease.InthemeantimetheymettheangelsofAllah,whoaskedthem:OsonsofAdam!whatdoyouwant?Theysaid:Ourfatherwantsaheavenlyfruitsoweareseekingit.Theysaid:Goback,thecommandofAllahhasbeencarriedouttheirfatherhadexpired.ThentheangelsseizedAdam,washedhisbody,perfumeditandenshroudedit,andtheydugagraveandpreparedaburialplace.Thenanangelcameforwardtosayfuneralprayersotherangelsstoodinarowbehindhim,andAdam'schildrenbehindthem.Thentheyplacedthebodyinthegraveandlevelledit.Thentheysaid:OchildrenofAdam!thisisyourwayandthiswillbeyourpractice.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.36

    He(lbnSa`d)said:Sa'idIbnSulaymaninformedus:Hushayminformedus:YunusIbn`UbaydinformedusontheauthorityofHasanwhosaid:`UtayyialSa`diinformedusontheauthorityofUbayyilbnKa`bhesaid:

    WhenAdamwasonthepointofhisdeathhesaidtohissons:Goandfindoutaheavenlyfruit.Hissonswentout.Whentheycamefacetofacewiththeangels,theysaid:Whitherdoyouintend(togo)?Theysaid:Ourfatherhadsentustobringforthaheavenlyfruit.Theysaid:Goback,itisover.TheyreturnedaccompaniedbytheangelstilltheycamenearAdam.WhenEvesawthem(angels)shewasscaredandcamenearAdamtobeclosetohim.Adamsaidtoher:Beawayfromme,becauseoftheeIsuffered,makeroombetweenmeandtheangelsofmyLord.Sotheyextractedhissoul,thenwashedhisbody,enshroudeditandperfumedit.Thentheysaidfuneralprayersoverhimanddiggingapittheyinterredhimandsaid:OchildrenofAdam!thisisthepracticetobefollowedforyourdead.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.37

    He(lbnSa`d)said:KhlidIbnKhidshIbn`Ajlninformedus:`AbdAllahlbnWahbinformedusontheauthorityof'AmrIbnalHrith,heontheauthorityofYazidIbnAbiHabib,heontheauthorityofonewhonarratedontheauthorityofAbuDharrhesaid:

    IheardtheProphet,mayAllahblesshim,saying:AllahcreatedAdamoutofthreekindsofsoil,black,whiteandfertile.

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    Volume1,Parts1.3.38

    He(IbnSa`d)said:KhlidlbnKhidshinformedus:HammadIbnZaydinformedusontheauthorityofKhalidalHadhdhahesaid:

    OnceIwentoutandheardpeoplesaythatalHasanhadsaidsoImethimandsaid:OAbuSa'id!WasAdamcreatedforskyorforearth?Hesaid:OAbuManazil!whatdoyoumeanbythis?Hewascreatedfortheearth.I(alHadhdha)said:Do'ntyouseeifhehadabstainedfromeatingthefruitof(theprohibitedtree).Hesaid:Sincehewascreatedfortheearthitwasnecessaryforhimtoeatit.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.39

    KhlidIbnKhidshinformedus:KhlidIbn'AbdAllahinformedusontheanthorityofBayn,heontheauthorityofalSha`bi,heontheauthorityofJa`dahIbnHubayrah:hesaid:

    ThetreethroughwhichAdamwasputtotrialwasvineandthesameisthecauseoftrialforhisprogeny.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.40

    He(IbnSa'd)said:KhalidIbnKhidashinformedus:`AbdAllahIbnWahbinformedusontheauthorityofSa'idIbnAbiAyyub,heontheauthorityofJa'farIbnRabi'ahandZiyad,MawlofMus'abtheysaid:

    TheProphetwasaskedifAdamwasaProphetoranangel.Hereplied:AProphetwhohaddiscoursewithAllah.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.41

    He(lbnSa`d)said:KnhlidIbnKhidashinformedus:`AbdAllahIbnWahbinformedusontheauthorityoflbnLahi`ah,heontheauthorityofHarithIbnYazidIbn`AliIbnRabh,heontheauthorityof'UqbahIbn'Amir,hontheauthorityofApostleofAllahverilyhesaid:

    AllhumanbeingsaretheseedsofAdamanEve.AstheweightofashortmeasureofasawillnotbringadvantagetoanyonesoAllahwillnotaskaboutyourgenealogyontheDayofResurrection.ThemosthonouredofyouinthesightofAllahisthemostpiousofyou.

    Volume1,Parts1.3.42

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishmIbnMuhammadinformedus:MyfatherinformedmeontheauthorityofAbuSalih,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbashesaid:

    AdamwasexternedfromtheParadisebetweentheZuhr(afternoon)and`Asr(thedecliningofday)prayers.HisstayindeParadisehadbeenhalfthedayofthenextworld,andthedaythereisequaltoonethousandyearsbasedonthecalculationmadebythepeopleofthisworld.HewascastdownonamountaininIndiaknownasNawdh

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    andEvecastatJuddah.AdamcamedownfromParadisebringingitsbreeze,whichstucktoitstreesandvalleysandfilleditwithperfume.ItisthroughthebreezewhichdescendedwithAdamthatperfumesgrew,AndtheysaythatmyrtlecamedownwithhimandtheBlackStonealsodescendedwithhim,andthatitwasmorewhitethanice,andalsoMoses`staffwhichwasofmyrtlewoodfromtheParadiseandwastencubitsinlengthequaltotheheightofMoses.Myrrhandlibanumalsocamewithhim.Thenhewasprovidedwithanvil,hammerandpincers.WhenAdamdescendeddownonthemountain,hesawanironbaronthemountain.Sohesaid:Itisfromthis.Thenhebegantobreakwiththehammerthetreeswhichhadbeenoldandwithered.Thenhekindledfireandburnttheironbartillitmeltedandthefirstthingmadeoutofitwasaknifewithwhichhebegantowork,thenhebuiltanovenwhichwasinheritedbyNuh,andfromthisovengushedoutboilingwaterbringingtormentinIndia.

    WhenAdammadeapilgrimage(hajj)heplacedtheBlackStoneatthemountainofAbuQubays.Itemittedlightindarknightsasthebrightmoon,andilluminatedMakkah.OnlyfouryearsbeforeIslamwhenmenstruatingwomenanduncleanpeopletouchedit,itgrewblackandtheQurayshcastitdownfromAbuQubays.AdammadefortypilgrimagesfromIndiatoMakkahonfoot.WhenAdamwascastdownhisheadtouchedtheskyandsohebecamebaldandhischildreninheritedthatbaldness.Thebeastsofthelandwereafraidofhimandbecamewild.Adamcouldhearthevoiceofangelsonthatmountainandcouldfeeltheairoftheheaven,sohisbodybegantodiminishinlengthtillitwassixtycubitsthiswashisheighttillhisdeath.NoneofhischildrenwaseverequaltohiminbeautyexceptJoseph.ThenAdamsaid:OmyLord!IwasThyneighbourinThyabodeandthereisnoLordtomeexceptTheeandnoProtectorexceptTheeIwaseatingeverythingincomfortandlivingwhereverIliked.ThenThoumademedescendonthisholymountainwhereIheardthevoicesoftheangelsandsawthemcircumambulatingroundtheThroneandfelttheairandperfumeoftheParadise,thanThoucastmeonthislandanddiminishedmystaturetosixtycubitsandIceasedtohearthevoices(oftheangels)andseethem,andtheairoftheParadisevanished.ThereuponAllahtheMostBlessedandtheMostHigh,replied:OAdam!onaccountofyoursinsIdidthiswithyou.WhenAllahnoticedthenakednessofAdamandEve.

    HecommandedhimtoslaugtheramalesheepoutoftheeightpairswhichAllahhadcastfromtheHeavens.SoAdamtookthemalesheepandslaughteredit.ThenheobtaineditswoolwhichEvespan.ThenAdamalongwithEveweavedit.SoAdamweavedagarmentforhimselfandashiftandaheadcoveringforEve.BothofthemdressedthemselvesintheirgarmentsandmettogetheronthedayofJam'aandthereforethedaywasnamedJam'atheyrecognisedeachotherat`Arafahandsoitwasnamed`Arafah.Theyweptforwhattheyhadlost,fortwohundredyears,andtheydidnoteatnordrankanythingforfortydays.Thentheybegantoeatanddrink,andatthattimetheywereonthemountainofNawdhonwhichAdamwasthrowndown.HedidnotgotoEveforonehundredyears,thenhecohabitedwithherandsheconceivedandborethefirstborntwins,Qabil(Cain)andhissisterLubud.ThensheconceivedagainandboreanothertwinsHabil(Abil)andhissisterIqlima.Whentheyattainedpuberty,AllahcommandedAdamtowedthefirstbornmaletothesecondbornfemaleandviceversa.BychancethetwinsisterofQabilwasbeautifulandthetwinsisterofHabilwasugly.AdammadethisproposalknowstoEvewhoputitbeforehersons.HabilconsentedtotheproposalandQabilresenteditandsaid:ItisnotcommandofAllah,OAdam!butitisthyproposal.ThenAdamaskedthemtopresentanoffering(addingthat)hewhoseofferingwouldbeconsumedbycelestialfirewouldhavebetter

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    claim(towinLubud).Bothofthemagreed.

    ThenHabilwhowastheownerofgoatsbroughtforththebestofthemaswellasbutterandmilk.Qabil,ontheotherhandwasatilleroflandandtookasheafoftheworstquality.ThenbothofthemascendedthemountainofNawdhandAdamwaswiththem.TheypresentedtheirofferingsandAdamprayedtohisLordQabilsaidtohimself:Icarelittlefortheacceptanceofmyoffering,butIshallneverallowHabiltomarrymysister.InthemeantimecelestialfiredescendedandconsumedtheofferingmadebyHabil,leavingasidethatofQabilbecausehewasnotcleanofheart.ThenHabilwentoutandQabilcametohim,when(Habil)waswithhisflockandsaidtohim:Ishallslayyou.He(Habil)said:Whywillyoukillme?Hereplied:BecauseAllahacceptedthyofferingandrejectedmineandreturnedittome,andthatyouwillmarrymybeautifulsister,andIshallhavetomarryyouruglysister,andaftertodaypeoplewilltalkthatyouaresuperiortome.Habilsaidtohim:"Evenifthoustretchoutthyhandagainstmetokillme,Ishallnotstretchoutmyhandagainsttheetokillthee,Lo!IfearAllah,theLordoftheWorlds,Lo!IwouldratherthoushouldstbearthepunishmentofthesinagainstmeandthineownsinandbecomeoneoftheowneroftheFire,Thatistherewardofevildoers."(AlQur'an5:2829)Asregardshissaying:Mysinsignifiesthatthoushallbeasinnerwhenthoukillestme,whichwillbeaddedtothysinsbeforekillingme.Thereuponhekilledhimandthenbecamerepentant.Helefthisbodyanddidnotinterit.ThenAllahsentaravenscratchinguptheground,toshowhimhowtohidehisbrother'snakedcorpse.(AlQur'an5:31)

    Hehadkillinghimintheeveningandnextmorninghewasthinkingwhattodowithit(corpse).Suddenlyhesawaravenscratchingtheearthforadeadraven.Thenhesaidtohimself:Woetome!Ididnotevenhavetheunderstandingofthisraventohidethenakedcorpseofmybrother.(alTabari,Vol.I,p.68)Ashesaid,Woetome,hebecamerepentant.ThenhetookQabilinhishandanddescendedfromthemountainofNawdh.ThereuponAdamsaidtoQabil:Getout,youwillalwaysbefrightenedwheneveryouwillcomeacrosssomeoneandyouwillnotfeelpeaceful.Sononeofhischildrenpassedbyhimbutstruckhim.Onceoneofhissonswhowasblindcametohimwithhisson,andtheboysaidtohimthattherewashisfatherQabiltowardswhomhe(blindson)threwastonewhichhitQabil,andhediedforthwith.Thereupontheblindman'ssoninformedhimthatasaresultofhisthrowingthestonehisfatherQabilhaddied.Theblindmanslappedhissonwhoalsosuccumbedtoinjury.Thentheblindmansaid:Woetome,Ikilledmyfatherwithmystone,andmysonwithmyslap.SubsequentlyEveconceivedandboreShithandhistwinsister'Azura.HewasnamedHibatAllah(thegiftofAllah)thisnamewasderivedfromHabil,soGabrielsaidtoherwhenshegavebirthtohim:ThisisthegiftofAllahinexchangeforHabilanditisinArabicShith,inSyriacShathandinHebrewSheth.Adammadehiswillforhim.ThedaywhenShithwasbornAdamwasonehundredandthirtyyearsold."Andwhenbecoveredhersheborealightburden,andshepassed(unnoticed)withit".(AlQur'an,7:189)

    Thenhesaid:Shestoodandsat.ThenSatancametoherindisguiseandsaidtoher:OEve!whatisthisinsideofyou.Shereplied:Iknownot.Thenhesaid:Maybeoneofthebeastslikethese.Thenshesaid:Iknownot.Thenhedrewawayfromhertillshefeltsomeheavinessinher.Thereuponheappearedagainbeforeherandsaid:0Eve!howdoyoufeel?Shesaid:Iamafraiditmaybedeformedlikeonewithwhichyouhavefrightenedme,Ican'tremainstandingwhenIstand.Thenhesuggested:IfIpraytoAllahIhopeHewillformhimahumanbeinglikeyouandAdam,onlyifyounamehim

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    afterme.Shesaid:Yes.ThenheturnedawayfromherandshesaidtoAdam:Aninformercametomeandsaidtomethatinmywombwasabeast,andIalsofeelsomeburdenandfearitmaybeashehasinformedme.TherewasnoworrytoAdamandEvesavethis,tillshedeliveredit.AboutthisAllahsays:"TheycrieduntoAllah,theirLord,saying:IfThougivestuntousarightweshallbeofthethankful".(AlQur'an,7:189)

    Thiswastheirprayerbeforethedelivery.Whenaperfectboywasborntothem,he(Satan)cametoherandsaid:Willyounotnamehimaftermeasyouhavepromised?Sheaskedhim:Whatisyourname?Hisnamewas'Azazil.Ifhehadmentionedthisnameshewouldhaverecognizedhim,sohesaid:MynameisHarith.Thereuponshegavehimthenameof`AbdalHarithwhodied,andAllahsaid:"ButwhenHegavethemaright,theyascribeduntoHimPartnersinrespectofthatwhichHehadgiventhem.HighisHe,Exaltedaboveallthattheyassociate(withHim)."(AlQur'an,7:190,cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.75)

    SubsequentlyAllahrevealedtoAdam:ThereisasanctuaryoppositetomyThrone,sogoanderectahouseformeandcircumambulaterounditasyouhaveseentheangelsdoingroundMyThrone,andthereIshallacceptthyprayerandofthysonswhoobeyMe.ThereuponAdamsaid:OLord!howcanI?IhavenopowerandIhavenoguidance.ThenAllahsentanangelwholedAdamtoMakkah.ButonthewaywhenAdampassedbyagardenoraplacepleasingtohimhesaidtotheangeltogetdown,buthesaid:Goon.AtlengthhehaltedatMakkah.Andonthewaywhereverhehalted,itbecameapopulatedplace,andfromwherehepassedon,itbecameawildernessanddesolate.ThentheHouse(ofAllah)wasbuiltwith(materialobtainedfrom)fivemountainsSina,Zaytun.Lubnan,andJudi.ItsplinthwasmadefromHira.Whenhehadcompletedthework,theangelledhimto`Arafatandinstructedhiminalltheritualswhichpeopleperformeventoday.ThenhereturnedtoMakkahandcircumambulatedroundtheKa`bahforaweek.AfterthathereturnedtoIndiaanddiedonthemountainofNawdh.ThenShithsaidtoGabrieltosayfuneralprayersoverAdam.Hesaidtohim:Comeforwardandsayfuneralprayersoveryourfather,andrecite,Allahisgreat,thirtytimes,fiveasapartofobsequiesandtwentyfiveinhonourofAdam.AdamdidnotdieaslongasthenumberofhischildrenandgrandchildrenhadnottouchedfortythousandpeopleatNawdh.Adamnoticedinthemadultery,drinkinganddisturbances,sohecommandedthedescendantsofShithandQabilnottointermarry.ThechildrenofShithkeptAdaminacaveandappointedawatchmanthatnoneofthechildrenofQabilmightapproachhim.AndthepersonswhovisitedhimandaskedhimtopraytoAllahwerethechildrenofShith.ThenAdam'sagewasninehundredandthirtysixyears.(TheBiblegiveshisageas900yearsonly,videGenesis:ChapterV,verse6)

    AfterthatahundredpersonsofthechildrenofShithsaid:Lo!weshouldseewhatourcousinsi.e.,thechildrenofQbilaredoing.ThenthegroupofonehundredpersonsdescendedfromthemountainandcameacrossthesamenumberofuglywomenofthechildrenofQabilwhodetainedthem.TheystayedthereaslongasAllahwilled.Thenanotherpartyofahundredmendecidedtodiscoverwhathadhappenedtotheirmen.Theyalsodescendeddownthemountainandthewomendetainedthemalso.ThenallthemembersoftheShithfamilydescendedandsinspreadastheyintermarriedandmixedtogetherandthechildrenofQabilmultipliedinlargenumberstilltheyfilledthewholeearthandtheywerethesamewhoweredrownedinNuh'sdeluge.

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    ShithIbnAdambegotAnush(Cf.GenesisV,7)(Enos)andmanyothersbutwithShithleftawillinfavourofAnush.ThenAnushbegotQaynan(Cf.GenesisV,9)(Cainan)andmanyothersbutAnushleftawillinQaynan'sfavour.ThenQaynanbegotMahallil(Mahalaleel)(Cf.GenesisV,12)andalargenumberbutthewillwasinhisfavour.ThenMahalalilbegotYaridh(Jared)(Cf.GenesisV,15)andheiscalledalYridhalso.Thereweresonnychildrenbutthewillwasinhisfavour.Duringhisdaysidolsweremade,andwhoeverlikedabandonedIslam.ThenYaridhbegotKhanukh(Enoch),(Cf.GenesisV,18)whoistheProphetIdris,andmannyothers.

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    4.ACCOUNTOFEVEI

    Volume1,Parts1.4.1

    He(IbnSa'd)said:HajjjIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofIbnJurays,heontheauthorityofMujhidrespectingAllah'swords("andfromitcreateditsmate")(AIQur'an,4:1)Hesaid:

    He(Allah)createdEveoutofAdam'sshortrib,whilehewasasleep.ThenheawokeandrepeatedIththa,whichsignifieswomaninNabataeanlanguage.

    Volume1,Parts1.4.2

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbn`AbdAllahalAsadiinformedus:SufynIbnSa'idalThawriinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofamawlofIbn`Abbas,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbashesaid:

    ShewasnamedEvebecauseshewasthemotherofallhumanbeing.(Cf.Genesis,3:20)

    Volume1,Parts1.4.3

    He(lbnSa`d)said:HishmIbnMuhammadIbnalSa'ibalKalbiinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSalih,heontheauthorityofIbn'Abbashesaid:

    AdamwascastdowninIndiaandEveatJuddah.ThenhecameinhersearchandreachedJam'athenEvejoinedhim,andsotheplacewasknownasalMuzdalifah,andtheyhadcometogetheratJam'asoitwasknownasJam'a.

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    5.PROPHETIDRISI

    Volume1,Parts1.5.1

    HishmIbnMuhammadIbnalS'ibalKalbiinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSlih,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbshesaid:

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    ThefirstProphetraisedafterAdamwasIdrisandhewasKhinukh(Enoch)IbnYaridh(Jared),andheisalYridh.Somanyofhisnobledeedsascendedtheskyinoneday,asfromallmankinddidnotascendinonemonth.SoIblisbecameenviousofhimandmadehispeopledisobeyhim.ThereuponAllahraisedhimtoahighabode.Allahmadehimenterheavenandsaid:Iamnotgoingtoexternhim.ThisisfromalongnarrationaboutIdris.ThenKhinukhbegotMattushalikh(Methuselah)andseveralothers,buthewasthecustodian.ThenMattushalikh(Thewordsignifies:TheProphetdied)begotLamik(Lamech)andseveralothers,andhewasthetrustee.ThenLamikbegotNuh.

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    6.PROPHETNUHI

    Volume1,Parts1.6.1

    He(IbnSa'd)said:HishmIbnMuhammadIbnalS'ibalKalbiinformedusontheauthorityofhisfahter,heontheauthorityofAbuSlih,heontheauthorityofIbn'Abbashesaid:

    ThedaywhenNuhwasborn,Lamikwaseightytwoyearsold.(AccordingtoGenesis(ChapterV,verses2829)hewasonehundredandeightytwoyearsold(182)Therewasnoneinthosedaystoprohibitpeoplefromundesirabledeeds,soAllahsentNuhtothem.Hewasfourhundredandeightyyearsold(480)whenhebeganpreachinghismission,andcontinuedforonehundredandtwentyyears(120).Then(Allah)commandedhimtomakeanark.Hemadeherandmountedherwhenhewassixhundredyearsold(600)theyweredrownedwhoweretobedrowned.(Cf.Genesis,Ch.7)Helivedafterleavingthearkforthreehundredandfiftyyears(350).NuhbegotSam(Shem),thecomplexionofwhosechildreniswhiteandtawny,Hamwhosechildrenwereofblackandwhitecomplexion,andYfith(Japeth)whosechildrenwereoffairandredcomplexion,andKin'n(Canaan)(AccordingtooldTestamentCanaanwasthesonofHamandthusagrandsonofNuhbuthewasnotdrowned,videGenesis.Ch.9,V.18)whowasdrowned.TheArabscallhimYamastheirproverbsays:TheheadofouruncleisYam.Themotherofallofthemwasone.

    NuhmadetheArkatNawdhandtherethedelugestartedandNuhboardedtheArkandwithhimwerehissonsanddaughtersinlaw,thewivesofhissons,andseventythree(73)descendantsofShith,whohadjoinedthefoldofIslamandthustherewereeighty(80)peopleintheArk.Heloadedtwopairsofalllivingspecies.TheArkwasthreehundred(300)cubitslong,bythecubitofNub'sgrandfather,anditswidthwasfifty(50)cubitsandits,heightwasthirty(30)cubitsanditwassix(6)cubitsabovewaterlevel.Itwasclosedbuthadthreeoutletssomeofthemwerelowerthantheothers.ThenAllahmaderainfallforfortynightsandfortydays.Whenthewildbeastsandfowlssufferedonaccountofrain,theycametoNuhandwithhimtheygrewtameheloadedintheArktwoandtwofromeverypairandborethecorpseofAdamwhichservedasascreenbetweenthemalesandfemales.TheyhadboardedtheArkwhentendaysofthemonthofRajabhadpassedandemergedfromitonthetenthofMuharram.ItiswhyhefastsonthetenthofMuharramwhofasts.ThewatergushedintwohalvestothisAllahrefersinHiswords:"Thenopenedwethegatesofheavenwithpouringwater".Inthisverse...signifies...`pouringwater'."Andcausedtheearthtogushforthsprings,sothatthewatersmetforapredestinedpurpose".(AIQur'an,54:1112)Inthis

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    verse...signifies...(Wesplittheearth).Inthiswaythewatergushedintwohalves,onehalffromtheheavensandtheotherhalffromtheearthandthewateroverflewthehighestmountainbyfifteencubits.TheArk,therefore,withallinher,movedandwentroundtheearthinsixmonths.Shedidnotrestonanythingtillsheapproachedthesanctuary(Haram)butdidnotenteritandwentrounditforaweek.Thehouse(ofAllah)thatAdamhaderectedwasraisedtotheheaventosaveitfrombeingsubmergedandthesameisknownasBaytalMa`mur,andtheBlackStonewasplacedatAbuQubays.Thenroundthesanctuaryshe{theArk)wentonwithherpassengerstillshereachedalJudi,whichisamountainclosetothetwocastlesofMawsil.ShestoppedatJudiaftersixmonths,thenitwassaidtoher:"Afarremovalforwrongdoingfolk".(AlQur'an,11:44)WhenshecametorestuponalJudi,itwassaid:0earth!swallowthywaterand,Osky!beclearofclouds"...signifies...(control)."Andthewaterwasmadetosubside".(AlQur'an,11:44)Theearthdrenchedit,sothewaterthathadfallenfromtheskyturnedintooceans.

    He(IbnSa`d)said:TheremainderofthewaterofthedelugeflewintothevalleyofHismwhereitremainedforfortyyearsaftertheDelugethenitdriedaway.AfterthatNuhdisembarkedfromtheArkinavillage,andeveryoneofthem(hiscompanions)builtahouseforhimself,andsoitwascalledSuqalThamanin(Marketofeightypersons).AllthedescendantsofQabilweredrowned.AllNuh'sforefathersuptoAdamwerebelievers.He(IbnSa`d)said:Nuhcursedtheliontosufferalwaysfromfever,(humm)prayedforthedoveforloveandcursedthecrowtogetinsufficientsustenance.

    Volume1,Parts1.6.2

    He(IbnSa'd)said:QabisahIbn'UgbahalSuwa'iinformedas:SufyanIbnSa'idalThawriinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityof`Ikrimahhesaid:

    ThereweretengenerationsbetweenAdamandNuhandallofthemwerebelievers.

    Volume1,Parts1.6.3

    He(lbnSa'd)said:ThenthenarrationisconnectedwiththatofHishmlbnMuhammadIbnalS'ibontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSalih,heontheauthorityoflbn'Abbashesaid:

    NuhmarriedawomanfromthefamilyofQabil,whoborehimasonnamedYunatan.ThisboywasborninavillagetowardstheeastMa'alNurshams.WhenthetownSuga1ThamanincouldnotsufficeforthemtheyallshiftedtoBabil(Babylon)whichwaserectedbetweentheEuphratesandalSaratanditslimitsweretwelvebytwelvefarsakhs,anditsgatewas,wherethehousesofKufah,overitsbridgetotheleftside,aretodaybuilt.Theymultipliedandtheirnumberreachedonehundredthousand,andallofthemwerebelievers.WhenNuhdisembarkedfromtheArk,heinterredAdamatBaytalMuqaddasandNuhdied.

    Volume1,Parts1.6.4

    He(IbnSa`d)said:'AbdalWahhbIbn`Alaal'Ijliinformedasontheauthorityof

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    Sa'id,heontheauthorityofQatadah,heontieauthorityofalHasan,heontheauthorityofSamrah:

    VerilytheProphetsaid:Sam(Shem)istheprogenitoroftheArabs,HamthatoftheAbyssiniansandYfiththatoftheRomans.

    Volume1,Parts1.6.5

    He(IbnSa`d)said:KhalidIbnKhidshIbn'Ijlaninformedas:'AbdAllahIbnWahbinformedusontheauthorityof:

    Volume1,Parts1.6.6

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishamIbnMuhammadIbnalSa'ibinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSlih,heontheauthorityofIbn'Abbashesaid:

    AllahrevealedtoMusa:VerilythouandthypeopleandtheinhabitantsofalJazirah(theisle)andtheinhabitantsofal`Al(theupper`Iraq)arethedescendantsofSamIbnNuh.Ibn`Abbassaid:TheArabs,thePersians,theNabateans,Indians,Sindhis,andBindisarethedescendentsofSamIbnNuh.

    Volume1,Parts1.6.7

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishamIbnMuhammadIbnalS'ibinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:

    TheIndians,theSindhisandtheBindisarethedescendantsofYufir(Ophir)IbnYaqtan(Joktan)Ibn`Abir(Ebar)IbnShalikh(Salah)IbnArfakhshad(Arphaxed)IbnSamIbnNuh.

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MakrnwassonofalBind.AndJurhum,Jurhum'snamewasHudhrum(Hadoram)Ibn'AmirIbnSaba'IbnYaqtanIbn`AbirIbnShlikhIbnArfakhshadIbnSamIbnNuhandHadramawt(Hazarmoreth)wasIbnYaqtanIbn'AbirIbnShlikhandYaqtanisthesameasQahtanIbn`AbirIbnShalikhIbnArfakhshadIbnSamIbnNubaccordingtothenarrationofthosewhoassignadifferentlineagethanthatofIsma'iltohim.

    ThePersiansarethedescendantsofFarisIbnBabrasIbnYasurIbnSamIbnNub.TheNabateansarethedescendantsofNubayt,IbnMash(Mash)IbnIram(Aram)IbnSamIbnNuh:'Imliqisthesameas'AribandTasimandArnimarethesonsofLudhIbnSamIbnNuh.

    'Imliqwastheprogenitorofthe'Imlags.AndtothembelongtalepeopleofBarbarwhosegenealogyisasfollows:BarbarIbnTamilaIbnMazarabIbnFrnIbn'AmrIbn'ImliqIbnLudhIbnSamIbnNuh.AsregardsSunhajahandKutamah,theyarethedescendantsofFariqisIbnQaysIbnSayfiIhnSaba(Sheba).Itissaidthat'ImliqwasthefirstpersontospeakArabicwhenhispeoplehadmigratedfromBabil.They

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    alongwiththeJurhumiteswereknownasal'Arabal'Aribah.

    ThamudandJadisweretwosonsofJathir(Gether)IbnIramSamIbnNuh.'Adand'Abilwerethesonsof'Us(Uz)IbnIramIbnSamlbnNuh.TheRomanswerethedescendantsofNittiIbnYunan(Javan)ibnYfithIbnNuh.Nimrudh(Nimrod)wasthesonofKush(Cush)IbnKan'anIbnHamlbnNuh.ThesamewhoruledBabilinthedaysoflbrhim,thefriendoftheCompassionate.

    He(IbnSa`d)said:TheBanu'Adwereknownintheirtimeas'AdIram.WhentheysuffereddisastertheThamudwereknownasThamudIramwhoaretheNabateans.AllofthemprofessedIslam'.TheylivedinBabiltillitcameundertheswayofNimrudhIbnKushlbnKan'an(Canaan)lbnHamIbnNuh,whoaskedthemtoworshiptheidols,andtheycomplied.IntheeveningtheyweretalkingSyriacbutnextmorningAllahconfusedtheirtalk,andnonecouldunderstandwhattheothersspoke.ThedescendantsofSamspokeeighteenlanguages,andthedescendantsofHamspokeeighteenlanguagesandthedescendantsofYafithspokethirtysixlanguages.

    Allahmade`Ad,`Abil,Thamud,Jadis,`Imliq,Tasim,AmimandthedescendantsofYaqtanIbn`AbirIbnShalikhIbnArfakhshadIbnNOunderstandArabic.

    YuntanIbnSamhadpreparedtheirflagsinBbil,sothedescendantsofSamhaltedatMajdal,whichisthenavel(Thissignifiesthatitwastheplacefromwhere,theEarthbegantoexpand)oftheEarth.ItliesbetweenSatidamaseaononesideandbetweenSyriaandYamanontheother.Allahbestowedonthemprophethood,theScriptures,beauty,andwhiteandtawnycomplexions.

    ThedescendantsofHamsettledataplaceknownasDarumwherewesternandsouthernwindsblow.Allahgavethemlessofwhiteandtawnycomplexionsandpopulatedtheircitiesandkeptplaguefaroff.Intheirlandthetreesoftamarisk,arak(athornytree),`ushar,ghafandpalmgrew,andthesunandthemoonappearedtobeinmotionthere.

    ThedescendantsofYafithsettledatSafunwherethenortherlyandeasterlywindsblowandtheircomplexionisanadmixtureofredandblackcolour.AllahhasseparatedtheirlandanditisextremelycoldandHeseparatedtheirskysononeofthesevenplanetsmovesabovetheirheadbecausetheirsettlementfallsundertheUrsas,theSagittarius,andFarqadayn.Theyalwayssufferfromplague.Subsequentlythepeopleof`AdsettledatalShihrtheyperishedinavalleyknownasMughith.Theyweresucceededby(atribe)MahrahatalShihr.

    `AbilsettledatYathribandal`Amaliqatsan`beforeitwascalledsan`.ThensomeofthemmigratedtoYathribfromwheretheydroveawaythe`AbilsandsettledatJuhfah.AfloodsweptthemandsotheplacewasnamedJuhfah.

    TheThamudsettledatHijranditsadjoiningplaces,wheretheyperished.TasimandJadissettledatYamamah,(Yamamahwasnotedforhersharpvisionshecouldseepeoplemovingatadistanceofthreedays'journey)andthisnamewasgiventoitbecauseofawomanofthatname.The(Amim)settledatthelandofUbar,lyingbetweenalYamamahandalShihr,wheretheyperished.Nobodycanreachtherethesedaysbecausethejinnhaveseizedit.UbrwasnamedafterUbarIbnAmim.

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    ThedescendantsofYaqtansettledinYamanwhichwasgiventhisnamebecausetheywalkedtotherightside(oftheKa`bah).AgroupofthedescendantsofKin`nIbnHamsettledinSyriawhichwasnamedShambeingtotheleftside(oftheKa`bah).SyriawasthelandoftheKananitessubsequentlytheIsraelitescameandputthemtoswordandturnedoutthesurvivingpersons.ThenSyriabecamethelandoftheIsraeliteswhowereattackedbytheRomanswhoputthemtosword.Someofthemwereexternedto`Iraqandaveryfewofthemremainedthere.ThentheArabsseizedSyria.

    FalighorFalikh(Peleg)Ibn`AbirIbnShalikhIbnArfakhshadIbnSamIbnNuhdividedthelandamongthedescendantsofNuhaswehavedescribedinthebook.

    Volume1,Parts1.6.8

    He(IbnSa`d)said:AbuUsn,ahHammdIbnUsmahinformedus:alHasanIbnalHakamalNakha`iinformedus:AbuSabrahalNakha`iinformedusontheauthorityofFarwahIbnMusaykalGhutayfi,subsequentlycalledalMuradihesaid:

    :IwenttotheProphetandsaidtohim0ApostleofAllah!shouldInotfightagainstthosewhohavelaggedbehind(injoiningthefoldofIslam)inthecompanyofthosewhohavecomeforward(toembraceIslam)?Hesaid:Yes,ThenanafterthoughtcametomeandIsaid:No!0ApostleofAllah!ImeanthepeopleofSabawhoareverypowerfulandstrong.ThereupontheProphetappointedmethecommanderandpermittedmetofightagainstthepeopleofSaba.WhenIcameoutfromhispresence,Allahrevealedsomethingaboutthem(theSaba).ThereuponheinquiredWhatalGhutayfihasdone?ThenhesentformebutIhadleft.(TheApostleofAllah)askedmetoreturn.

    WhenIreachedtheProphetIfoundhimsittingamidsthisCompanioishesaidtome:`Askyourpeople(toembraceIslam)iftheyrespond,acceptitandiftheyrejectdonotbehasty,unlessyouhaveatalkwithme.Thereuponamanasked:WhatisSaba?Isitalandorawoman?TheProphetsaid:NeitheralandnorawomanbutamanwhoistheprogenitoroftenArabtribessixofwhichsettledinYamanandfourinSyria.ThosewhosettledinSyriaareLakhm,Judham,Ghassnand'AmilahandthosewhosettledinYamanareAzd,Kindah,Himyar,alAsh`arun,AnmarandMudhhij.ThenamanaskedWhoaretheAnmar?TheProphetrepliedThosewhosesubthbesareKhath`amandBajilah.

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    7.ACCOUNTOFPROPHETIBRAHIM,THEFRIENDOFTHEBENEVOLENT

    IVolume1,Parts1.7.1

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishmIbnMuhammadIbnalSa'ibalKalbiinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:

    ThefatherofIbrahimwasaresidentofHarrn(Cf.Genesis,Chapter12,verse31,whichrunsthus:AndTerahtookAbram,hisson,andtheycameuntoHarananddweltthere)itwasoneyearstruckwithfamine,sohemigratedtoHurmuzjurd(AlTabarisays

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    thenameoftheplacewasKutha,videVol.I,p.119)alongwithhiswife,themotherofIbrahim,whosenamewasNunathedaughterofKaranbaIbnKuthafromthefamilyofArfakhshadIbnSamIbnNih.

    Volume1,Parts1.7.2

    He(lbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbn'UmaralAslamiinformedusontheauthorityofmorethanonescholarhesaid:

    HernamewasAbyuna,fromthedescehdentsofAfrayim(Ephraem)thesonofUrghuwa(Reu)IbnFaligh(Peleg)Ibn'AbirlbnShalikhIbnArfakhshadIbnSamIbnNuh.

    Volume1,Parts1.7.3

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishamIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:

    Ibrahim'smaternalgrandfather,Karanba,dugtheKuthcanalhis(Ibrahim's)fatherwasthecustodianoftheidolsofthekingNimrudh(Nimrod).HewasbornatHurmuzjurd(AlTabarisays:Thereisdifferenceofopinionabouthisbirthplace.ItwasalSus,orBabylonorKuthaoralWarkaorHarranvideVol.I,p.119)andhewasgiventhenameofIbrahim.ThenhemigratedtoKutha,aplacesituatedinBabil(Babylon).WhenIbrahimcameofageheopposedhispeopleandpreachedtothemthattheyshouldworshipAllah.HavingreceivedthisnewsthekingNimrudhimprisonedhimforsevenyears.ThenheerectedacompoundwithstonesandpileddrypiecesofwoodinitthenhekindledfireandthrewIbrahiminit.Ibrahimsaid:MostExcellentisHeinwhomItrust.He,then,cameoutsafe,unhurt.(Cf.alTabarl,Vol.I,pp.123124)

    Volume1,Parts1.7.4

    He(lbnSa`d)said:HishamIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSalih,heontheauthorityofIbn'Abbashesaid:

    WhenIbrhimfledfromKuthaandcameoutofthefire,hespokeSyriacbutwhenhecrossedtheEuphratesfromHarran,AllahchangedhislanguageandashehadcrossedtheEuphrateshewascalled`Ibrani(Hebrew)Nimrudhsent(aparty)topursuehimwiththeseinstructions:DonotletescapeanyonewhospeaksSyriacbringhimbeforeme.TheyovertookIbrahimbuthewastalkingHebrew,sotheylethimgoandcouldnotunderstandhisspeech

    Volume1,Parts1.7.5

    He(lbnSa`d)said:HishamIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:

    IbrahimmigratedfromBabylontoSyriawhereSarah(Sarai)cameandofferedherselftohim.HemarriedherandproceededwithhertoHarran(Haran)hewasthirtysevenyearsold.TherehesojournedforashorttimeandthenproceededtoUrdun(Jordan)wherehestayedforsometimethenhedepartedforEgyptwherehelivedforsome

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    time.ThenhereturnedtoSyriaandalightedatalSab`a,alandbetween'Iliy,andPalestine.Therehedugawellanderectedanaltar.SomeofitsresidentsharassedhimandhedepartedfromthereandcameataplacebetweenalRamlahand'Ilya.Therealsohedugawellandhegrewinprosperityandobtainedwealthandslaves.Hewasthefirsttoreceiveguestsandthefirsttopreparetharid(Thisisthenameofadishinwhichcrumbsofbreadaresoakedinsyruporsoup)andthefirsttoexperienceoldage(Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.160)

    Volume1,Parts1.7.6

    He(IbnSa'd)said:MuhammadIbn`AbdAllahalAsadiinformedus:SufyanalThawriinformedusontheauthorityof'Asim,heontheauthorityofAbu`Uthman:`Asimsays:IthinkheinformedusontheauthorityofSalmanhesaid:

    IbrahimprayedtoAllahtogranthimbenevolence.Inresponsetwothirdofhisheadturnedgrey.Thereuponheexclaimedwhatitwas!Hewasinformedthatitwasawarninginthisworldandlustreinthehereafter.

    Volume1,Parts1.7.7

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbn'AbdAllahalAsadiinformedus:SufyanIbnSa'idinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityof`Ikrimahhesaid:

    Ibrahim'spatronymicwasAbualAdyaf(fatheroftheguests).

    Volume1,Parts1.7.8

    He(IbnSa`d)said:Ma'nIbn'Isainformedus:MalikIbnAnasinformedusontheauthorityofYahyIbnSa'id,heontheauthorityofSa`idIbnalMusayyib,heontheauthorityofAbuHurayrahhesaid:

    IbrahimgothimcircumcisedatalQaddumattheageofonehundredandtwentyandafterthathelivedforeightyyears.

    Volume1,Parts1.7.9

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishamIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather,heontheauthorityofAbuSlih,heontheauthorityofIbn`Abbashesaid:

    When,Allah(Himself)choseIbrahimforafriend,(AlQur'an,IVp.125)andcommissionedhimasProphet,hehadthreehundredslaveswhomhfreed.TheyembracedIslamandfoughtalongwithhimwithsticks.He(IbnSa`d)said:Theywerethefirstmawlaswhofoughtalongwiththeirmaster.

    Volume1,Parts1.7.10

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HishmIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:

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    Isma'il(Ishmael),theeldestofIbrhim'schildren,wasbornofHjarah(Hagar),aCopticwoman,Ishaq(Isaac)whowasblindwasbornofSarah,daughterofButhwil(Bethul)IbnNahur(Nahor)IbnSarugh(Serug)IbnArghuwaIbnFalikh'AbirlbnShalikhIbnArfakhshadIbnSamIbnNuh,andMadan(Medan),Madyan(Midian),Yaqshan(YaqsnaccordingtoalTabara,Vol.I)(Jokshan),Zimran(Zimran),Ishbaq(YashaqaccordingtoalTabari,p.160)(Ishbak)andShukh(SuhaccordingtoalTabari,p.160)(Shuah)werebornofQanturah(Keturah),(Genesis,Chapter25,verse12)thedaughterofMafturwhowasanaboriginalArab('Arabal`Aribah).ThenYaqshn'sdescendantssettledatMakkahandMadyansettledinatownwhichwasnamedafterhimandotherswenttootherplaces.(Priortotheirdeparture)theysaidtoIbrahim:0father!youallowedIsm`ilandIshaqtolivewithyouandorderedustodwellinaforeignanddesolateland.Hereplied:Ihavebeensocommanded(byAllh).(Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.160)

    He(IbnSa`d)said:HetaughtthemoneofAllah'snameswithwhichtheyinvokedforrainsandsuccourfromAllah.ThepeopleofalKhizrcametothosewhodweltinKhursnandsaid:Hemustbethebestofmankindorkingwhotaughtyouthisname,sotheycalledtheirkingsKhaqan.(Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.160)

    Volume1,Parts1.7.11

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbn`UmaralAslamiinformedushesaid:

    WhenIbrahimbegotIsm`ilhewasninetyyearsoldandhewastheeldestofhischildren.ThenIshaqwasbornafterthirtyyears,whenIbrahimwasonehundredandtwentyyearsold.ThenSarahdiedandIbrahimmarriedaKan`niwomanwhosenamewasQanturah.Sheborefourchildrentohim.TheywereMadha,Zimrn,SarhajandSabaq.He(IbnSaid)said:HemarriedanotherwomanwhosenamewasHajunawhoborehimsevenchildren,Nafis,Madyan,Kayshan,Sharukh,Umayyim,LutandYaqshan.ThustherewereinallthirteenchildrenofIbrahim.(Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.160)

    Volume1,Parts1.7.12

    He(IbnSaid)said:HishamIbnMuhammadinformedusontheauthorityofhisfatherhesaid:

    IbrahimwenttoMakkahthreetimes.Inhislastvisitheaskedthepeopletoperformpilgrimageeveryonewhoheardhimcomplied.Thefirsttorespond,evenbeforeal`Amaliq,wereBanuJurhum.ThentheyembracedIslamandIbrahimreturned,toSyriawherehediedattheageoftwohundredyears.(AccordingtotheBibleonehundredandseventyfiveyears,videGenesis,Chapter25,verse7)

    IBNSA'D'SKITABALTABAQATALKABIR,VolumeIPartsI

    8.ACCOUNTOFISMA`IL(MAYPEACEBEONHIM)I

    Volume1,Parts1.8.1

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    He(IbnSaid)said:HishamIbnMuhammadIbnalSa'ibalKalbiinformedusontheauthorityofhisfather(secondchain)he(lbnSaid)said:MuhammadIbn`UmaralAslamiinformedusontheauthorityofmorethanonescholartheysaid:

    HajarwasofCopticdescentandaresidentofavillagebeyondalFaramadjacenttoFustatofEgyptshewaslivingwithacoptictyrant,PharaohheisthesamepersonwhohadwantedtohaveSarah,thewifeofIbrahim,buthewasparalyzed.Itisalsosaidthathehadextendedhishand(towardsher)whichwasparalyseduptothebreast.ThereuponheaskedhertopraytoAllahtocurehimofthisandsaidthathewouldnotgiveherachancetobeangrywithhim.SheprayedtoAllahandhishandcouldbestretchedherecoveredandwaswell.ThenhecalledHajarwhowasthemosttrustworthyofhisservantsandhebestowedher(Hajar)onher(Sarah)andgaveherclothessubsequentlySarahmadeagiftofher(Hajar)toIbrahimwhocohabitedwithherandsheboreIsma'ilwhowastheeldestofhischildren.HisnamewasIshmuwilwhichwasArabicisedintoIsm'il.(Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.126)

    Volume1,Parts1.8.2

    He(IbnSa`d)said:`AffnIbnMusliminformedus:SulaymIbnAkhdarinformedus:Ibn`Awninformedushesaid:

    MuhammadpronouncedthenameofIsma'il'smotheras'Ajarwithouth.

    Volume1,Parts1.8.3

    He(IbnSa`d)said:AbuSufyanMuhammadIbnHumaydal`AbdiinformedusontheauthorityofMa`mar,heontheauthorityofAyyub,heontheauthorityofIbnSirin,heontheauthorityofAbuHurayrahhesaid:

    IbrahimwithSarahpassedthroughthelandofacruelpotentatewhowasinformedaboutthem.HesentforIbrahimandaskedastowhowaswithhim.Hesaid:Sheismysister.AbuHurayrahsaid:IbrahimdidnotspeakalieexceptonthreeoccasionstwiceconcerningAllahandonceconcerninghiswifei.e.,hesaid:Lo!Ifeelsick(AlQur'an,37:89):andhesaid:Butthis,theirchiefhathdoneit(AlQur'an,21:63)andhesaidtothetyrantconcerninghiswife:Sheismysister.He(AbuHurayrah)said:WhenhecameawayfromthetyranthewenttoSarahandsaidtoher:ThistyrantputmeaquestionconcerningyouandIhaveinformedhimthatyouaremysister,whichyouarewithAllahnowifheasksyou,informhimthatyouaremysister.Thenthetyrantsentforher.Whenshecamethere,sheprayedtoAllahtokeephimawayfromher.Ayyubsaid:Hishandreceivedashockandhehadseverepainonaccountofit.Thereuponhepromisedherifhewasrelieved(ofhisailment)hewouldnotapproachher.SheprayedtoAllahandherecoveredforthwith.

    Buthehadtheevilintentionasecondtime,andthistimehehadanattackmoreseverethanthefirst.Againhepromisedhernottoapproachherifhewasrelievedofhissuffering.Sheagainprayedandheagainrecovered,buthehadanevilintentionathirdtimeandthistimehehadanattacksevererthaneitherofthefirsttwo.Thenheagainpromisednottoapproachherifhewascured.Sheprayedagainandherecovered.Thenhecalledhimwhohadbroughtherandsaidtohim:Takeherawayfrommeyou

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    havebroughtadevil,andnotahumanbeing.HemadeHjaraservantofSarah.ThenshereturnedtoIbrahimwhowasofferingprayersandmakingsupplications.Thenshesaid:BepleasedthatAllahkeptawaythehandoftheunbelivingtransgressorandbestowedonmeHjartoserveme.ThenHjarbelongedtoIbrahimandboreIsma'il.AbuHurayrahsaid:OchildrenofMaalSamthatwasyourmotherahandmaidofIshaq'smother.(TheLakhmitekingsofHirahwereknownasBanuMa'alSama(thefamilyofrainwater)becauseofthepurityornobilityoftheirdescentoritwasthetitleoftheirmotherbecauseofherunblemishedcomplexion.TheArabsonthewholealsoborethesametitlebecauseoftheirdwellinginthedesert.ItisalsosaidthatZamzamisalsomaalsam.NawwabA'zamYrJanghasdiscreditedthistradition:ForadetaileddiscussionseeMaddminTahdibalAkhlaq,Vol.I11,p.89verso.Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.126)

    Volume1,Parts1.8.4

    He(lbnSa'd)said:MuhammadIbnHumaydinformedusontheauthorityofMa'mar,heontheauthorityofalZuhri,hesaid:

    TheProphetsaid:WhcnyouconquertheCopts,treatthemkindlybecausetheyareundercovenantandhavekinship(withus),referringtothemotherofIsma'ilwhowasoneofthem.(Cf.alTabari,Vol.I,p.127)

    Volume1,Parts1.8.5

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbnHumaydinformedusontheauthorityofMa`mar,heontheauthorityofAyyubhesaid:SaidIbnJubayrsaid:Ibn`Abbassaid:

    Thewomenfirstused(lose)skirtsfollowingIsma'il'smotherwhoworeittoerasethetraces(oftheirfeet)whenshewentwithIbrahimandhersontoMakkah,sothatSarahcouldnotfindtheroute.(Cf.Tabari,Vol.I.p.131)

    Volume1,Parts1.8.6

    He(IbnSa`d)said:MuhammadIbn`Umarinformedus:MusalbnMuhammadIbnIbrahimalTaymiinformedusontheauthorityofAbuBakrIbn`AbdAllahlbnAbiJahmal`Adawi,heontheauthorityofAbuBakrIbnSulaymanIbnAbiHathamahal`Adawi,heontheauthorityofAbuJahmIbnHudhayfahIbnGhanimhesaid:

    AllahrevealedtoIbrahimHiscommandtotraveltothesanctuary


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