Ladder Logic Guide · 2019-11-25 · HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide 9 HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide 9 Chapter 1 – Native Ladder Logic Editor Introduction Logic blocks are

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide i

Ladder Logic Guide For the HMC7000 Series

For use with the following:

HMC7000 Series

Maple Systems, Inc. | 808 134th St. SW, Suite 120, Everett, WA 98204 | 425.745.3229

Your Industrial Control Solutions Source _____________________

www.maplesystems.com

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide ii

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide ii

COPYRIGHT NOTICE This manual is a publication of Maple Systems, Inc., and is provided for use by its

customers only. The contents of the manual are copyrighted by Maple Systems, Inc.;

reproduction in whole or in part, for use other than in support of Maple Systems

equipment, is prohibited without the specific written permission of Maple Systems.

WARRANTY Warranty Statements are included with each unit at the time of purchase and are

available at www.maplesystems.com.

TECHNICAL SUPPORT This manual is designed to provide the necessary information for trouble-free

installation and operation of Maple Systems products. However, if you need assistance,

please contact Maple Systems:

Phone: 425-745-3229

Email: [email protected]

Web: www.maplesystems.com

http://www.maplesystems.com/

mailto:[email protected]

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide iii

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide iii

Table of Contents COPYRIGHT NOTICE .................................................................................................... ii

WARRANTY................................................................................................................. ii

TECHNICAL SUPPORT .................................................................................................. ii

Table of Contents ....................................................................................................... iii

Chapter 1 – Native Ladder Logic Editor ........................................................................ 9

Introduction .......................................................................................................................9

Ladder Logic .......................................................................................................................9

Ladder Nets ...................................................................................................................... 10

Rungs ............................................................................................................................... 11

Placing elements in a ladder rung ......................................................................................... 12

Errors when placing elements in rungs ................................................................................. 13

Moving elements in rungs ..................................................................................................... 14

Cutting, copying, pasting elements in rungs ......................................................................... 15

Shortcuts when editing the ladder rungs .............................................................................. 16

Using Rung Comments .......................................................................................................... 17

Logic Block Types ............................................................................................................. 17

Main Program block .............................................................................................................. 18

Power-Up block ..................................................................................................................... 18

Subroutines .......................................................................................................................... 19

Timer Interrupts .................................................................................................................... 19

I/O Interrupts 1 and 2 ............................................................................................................ 20

Creating A Simple Ladder Logic Program ........................................................................... 20

Create a Logic Block ............................................................................................................... 20

Create Tags to Use in the Program ........................................................................................ 21

Configure Instructions in the Logic Block .............................................................................. 21

Create a Screen to View the Output ..................................................................................... 23

Compiler Output .................................................................................................................... 24

Downloading the Ladder Logic .......................................................................................... 25

Online Monitoring and Debugging .................................................................................... 25

Getting Connected................................................................................................................. 25

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide iv

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide iv

Monitor .................................................................................................................................. 26

Debug .................................................................................................................................... 28

Other Useful Ladder Logic Tools ........................................................................................ 32

Importing Ladder Logic Blocks from another project ............................................................ 32

Configuring color preferences ............................................................................................... 34

Chapter 2 - Ladder Instruction Table .......................................................................... 35

Input/Output Instructions ................................................................................................ 35

Data Transfer Instructions ................................................................................................ 36

Math Instructions ............................................................................................................. 37

Compare Instructions ....................................................................................................... 39

Logic Instructions ............................................................................................................. 40

Conversion Instructions .................................................................................................... 42

Timer Instructions ............................................................................................................ 43

Counter Instructions ......................................................................................................... 44

Program Control Instructions ............................................................................................ 44

Functions Instructions ...................................................................................................... 45

Special Instructions .......................................................................................................... 46

Chapter 3 - Instructions Defined ................................................................................ 48

Input/Output Instructions ................................................................................................ 48

NO Contact ............................................................................................................................ 48

NC Contact ............................................................................................................................. 49

Output ................................................................................................................................... 50

Rising Edge (Transitional Contact) ......................................................................................... 51

Falling Edge (Transitional Contact) ........................................................................................ 52

Inverter .................................................................................................................................. 53

Invert Coil .............................................................................................................................. 54

Positive Pulse Contact ........................................................................................................... 55

Negative Pulse Contact .......................................................................................................... 56

Positive Pulse Coil .................................................................................................................. 57

Negative Pulse Coil ................................................................................................................ 58

Data Transfer Instructions ................................................................................................ 59

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide v

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide v

MOV Word ............................................................................................................................. 59

MOV DWord .......................................................................................................................... 61

Invert Transfer ....................................................................................................................... 61

Table Initialize ........................................................................................................................ 63

Table Block Transfer .............................................................................................................. 64

Table Invert Transfer ............................................................................................................. 65

Data Exchange ....................................................................................................................... 66

Multiplexer ............................................................................................................................ 67

Demultiplexer ........................................................................................................................ 68

Math Instructions ............................................................................................................. 70

Addition ................................................................................................................................. 70

Subtraction ............................................................................................................................ 71

Multiplication ........................................................................................................................ 73

Division .................................................................................................................................. 74

Division – Double Word ......................................................................................................... 76

Addition with carry ................................................................................................................ 77

Subtraction with carry ........................................................................................................... 78

Increment .............................................................................................................................. 80

Decrement ............................................................................................................................. 81

Log (10) .................................................................................................................................. 82

Log (e) .................................................................................................................................... 83

Antilog(10) ............................................................................................................................. 84

Antilog(e) ............................................................................................................................... 85

Square Root ........................................................................................................................... 86

Exponential ............................................................................................................................ 87

Sine ........................................................................................................................................ 88

Cosine .................................................................................................................................... 89

Tangent .................................................................................................................................. 90

Compare Instructions ....................................................................................................... 91

Greater Than.......................................................................................................................... 91

Greater Than or Equal ........................................................................................................... 93

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide vi

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide vi

Equal ...................................................................................................................................... 94

Not Equal ............................................................................................................................... 96

Less Than ............................................................................................................................... 97

Less Than or Equal ................................................................................................................. 98

Logic Instructions ........................................................................................................... 100

Logic AND ............................................................................................................................ 100

Logic OR ............................................................................................................................... 101

Logic Exclusive OR ............................................................................................................... 102

Logic Shift – 1 bit shift right ................................................................................................. 103

Logic Shift – 1 bit shift left ................................................................................................... 104

Logic Shift – n bits shift right ............................................................................................... 105

Logic Shift – n bits shift left ................................................................................................. 106

Shift Register ....................................................................................................................... 107

Bi-directional Shift Register ................................................................................................. 109

1 bit rotate right .................................................................................................................. 111

1 bit rotate left .................................................................................................................... 112

n bits rotate right ................................................................................................................. 113

n bits rotate left ................................................................................................................... 114

Conversion Instructions .................................................................................................. 116

Hex to ASCII Conversion ...................................................................................................... 116

ASCII to Hex Conversion ...................................................................................................... 117

Absolute Value..................................................................................................................... 118

2’s Complement .................................................................................................................. 119

Double-word 2’s Complement ............................................................................................ 120

7 Segment Decode ............................................................................................................... 121

ASCII Conversion .................................................................................................................. 123

Binary Conversion ................................................................................................................ 124

BCD Conversion ................................................................................................................... 125

Integer to Float .................................................................................................................... 126

Timer Instructions .......................................................................................................... 128

ON Timer ............................................................................................................................. 128

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide vii

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide vii

OFF Timer ............................................................................................................................ 129

Single Shot Timer ................................................................................................................. 131

Counter Instructions ....................................................................................................... 132

Counter ................................................................................................................................ 132

Up/Down Counter ............................................................................................................... 134

Program Control Instructions .......................................................................................... 135

Subroutine Call .................................................................................................................... 135

Subroutine Return ............................................................................................................... 136

FOR (For next loop).............................................................................................................. 137

NEXT (For-Next loop) ........................................................................................................... 139

Master Control Set/Reset .................................................................................................... 140

Jump Control Set/Reset ....................................................................................................... 141

Enable Interrupt .................................................................................................................. 142

Disable Interrupt.................................................................................................................. 143

Watchdog timer reset ......................................................................................................... 144

Step Sequence Initialize ....................................................................................................... 145

Step Sequence Input............................................................................................................ 146

Step Sequence Output ......................................................................................................... 147

Functions Instructions .................................................................................................... 149

Moving Average ................................................................................................................... 149

Digital Filter ......................................................................................................................... 150

PID1 ..................................................................................................................................... 152

PID4 ..................................................................................................................................... 156

Upper Limit .......................................................................................................................... 160

Lower Limit .......................................................................................................................... 161

Maximum Value .................................................................................................................. 163

Minimum Value ................................................................................................................... 164

Average Value ...................................................................................................................... 165

Scale ..................................................................................................................................... 166

Data log upload ................................................................................................................... 169

Special Instructions ........................................................................................................ 170

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide viii

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide viii

Device Set ............................................................................................................................ 170

Device Reset ........................................................................................................................ 171

Register Set .......................................................................................................................... 172

Register Reset ...................................................................................................................... 173

Set Carry .............................................................................................................................. 173

Reset Carry .......................................................................................................................... 174

Encode ................................................................................................................................. 175

Decode ................................................................................................................................. 176

Bit Count .............................................................................................................................. 177

Flip Flop ............................................................................................................................... 178

Direct I/O ............................................................................................................................. 180

Set Calendar ........................................................................................................................ 181

Calendar Operation ............................................................................................................. 182

HMC7000 Series Ladder Logic Guide 9


Chapter 1 – Native Ladder Logic Editor

Introduction Logic blocks are a very useful and significant part of the feature set of the HMC7000 products. A

logic block is a series of ladder logic instructions or commands that is executed by the HMC7000.

As you will see later in this chapter, there are different types of logic blocks. These blocks vary

according to how they are initiated and in the order of execution. The following six types of logic

blocks are supported:

Main program

Power up

Timer Interrupt

I/O Interrupt #1 (HMC7030A-L only)


Subroutine

By creating logic blocks of each of the above types and filling them with Ladder Logic

instructions, the programmer can configure the HMC to interact with input from the operator

and with the environment through the IO blocks connected to HMC. The possibilities are limited

only by the programmer’s imagination. This guide will help you become more familiar with the

tools available to quickly translate your ideas into a responsive, interactive and versatile system.

Ladder Logic When you create a new project in MAPware-7000, you have the option of selecting either

IEC61131-3 or Native Ladder programming language.



The Native Ladder editor in MAPware-7000 is a Ladder Logic editor. Ladder Logic is a form of

programming language used primarily in programmable logic controllers. It attempts to simulate

the construction of control applications using real electromechanical components. Ladder

diagrams are composed of different types of ladder logic instructions that simulate relay

contacts, switch contacts, relay coils or more complicated devices that could be constructed of

discreet components. These instructions are connected together in nets that simulate an

electrical circuit. Power is supplied to this simulated circuit through the left rail in the Ladder

Logic diagram. The programmer defines how the HMC functions by connecting ladder

instructions to this power rail. Input instructions, such as relay contacts, can block or permit

power to flow from the left rail to elements placed further to the right.

Output instructions, such a relay coils, are activated or not activated depending on whether the

input instruction(s) allow power to flow from the left power rail to the output.

Ladder Nets Two or more ladder logic instructions that are connected together form a net, which is the basic

unit of a Ladder Logic program. In order to function all of the elements in a net must be

connected together, and to the power rail. If the elements in a net are not connected, the

software will display an error message in the View Window when you compile your project.

Connect elements using the horizontal link and vertical link connectors.

In a real circuit power must flow from the power rail through the network of components then

through another rail or bus back to the negative (neutral) terminal of the power source. In the

Ladder Logic editor the right rail is not shown and is assumed to be connected to the right side



of the right most element(s) in the net. This enables more flexibility in terms of the length of a

net and the number of instructions that can be used.

In the Native Ladder editor only input contact instructions, or program control instructions can

be directly connected to the left power rail.

Rungs Ladder Nets are organized into units called ‘rungs’. A rung is defined as one network of

interconnected elements (i.e. coils, contacts, instructions) between the left and right power rail

(the right rail is not shown). Each rung can have multiple lines.

Example of two multi-line rungs

Each rung in a logic block is given a number starting from one; numbers cannot be skipped. A Logic Block contains one or more rungs. There is no limit to the number of rungs within a block. Note: It is limited only by available ladder memory of the selected model. The size of any one rung is limited to 50 lines, there is no limit on the number of columns (horizontally connected elements) a rung can have.

If multiple logic blocks are created, each block is executed in sequence. In each block, each rung is executed in sequence until the last instruction in the last rung is executed.



Each element in a rung is executed according to the following rules:

1. When there is no vertical connection, each element is executed on the rung from left to right.

2. When a vertical ‘OR’ connection exists, the logic to the left of the connection is executed first, from left to right then top to bottom, before continuing to the next element on the rung.

3. When a branch occurs, each element of a line is executed, starting with the top line of the branch.

4. This complicated example shows the sequence of element execution when both ‘OR’ connections and branches exist.

Note: the numbers next to each element indicate the sequence in which they are executed in the program

The same rules apply to all ladder logic instructions except for program control instructions (i.e., jump, loops, subroutines, etc.). In these cases, program sequence will depend upon the particular program control instruction used.

Placing elements in a ladder rung

Selecting an element and placing it onto the rung is fairly straightforward:

1. Click on any of the contact elements available from the I/O Instructions toolbar:

Note: Each rung must start with a contact.



2. Move the mouse cursor to the first column of the rung and click to place the contact. The “Select Tag” window opens and creates a default user-defined tag for the contact.

Click “OK” to accept the default or select a different tag and click “OK.”

3. Continue to populate the rest of the ladder rung with any other elements that you may need. Make sure that when you are done, all of the elements are connected together and connected to the left rail of the ladder logic program (the right rail is implied):

Errors when placing elements in rungs

In some instances, an element or instruction may generate an error when compiling the project. In such an instance, you may see an error displayed.



For example, you may get the following compile error:

In this case, there must be a contact coil between the Enable input to the counter and the left power rail, so we insert a Normally Closed contact:

Moving elements in rungs

After an element has been placed onto a ladder rung, you can move the element to a new location provided there is space for the element and the area is unoccupied.

To move the ADD instruction, simply click and drag the instruction to the preferred location:



Cutting, copying, pasting elements in rungs

Elements can also be easily cut, copied, and pasted to one or more locations.

To cut:

Right-click over the element and select Cut from the popup dialog box (or select ):

The element(s) are removed from the ladder logic and placed in the Windows clipboard memory.

To copy:

Same as above except select Copy Similar to Cut, except that the original remains.

To paste:

Same as above except select Paste Elements can be pasted where no obstruction (like another element) exists. To paste any element, you must have first copied or cut it. All of these actions can be performed on multiple elements by highlighting the elements first.



For example, suppose we have two elements below that we wish to copy and paste into the 2nd rung:

Using the mouse click and drag to highlight both elements (or Ctrl+click):

Click the Copy icon, then right-click on the 2nd rung (first column) and click Paste on the popup dialog box.

To delete:

Simply click on the element(s) that you wish to delete, and then press the Delete key.

Shortcuts when editing the ladder rungs



Right click on one of the rungs to display a popup dialog box:

Use this handy box to:

Duplicate, Delete, or Close Blocks

Copy all Instructions within a rung or line

Select All Objects

Insert and delete rungs and lines

Find/Replace instructions or specific Operand Addresses

Using Rung Comments

The dialog box in the last section can also be used to activate the rung comments. These are small sections allocated for each rung for notes:

Logic Block Types MAPware-7000 supports six different types of logic blocks:

Power up

Main program

Subroutine

Timer Interrupt





Although each logic block is basically the same, each type is targeted for special purposes.

Main Program block

The main program is the core of the user program. It is executed once during each scan.

Multiple logic blocks can be created (up to 256) and used in the Main Program block. During

execution, the HMC7000 starts with the first block listed. When completed, it will execute each

block in sequence. Each logic block can contain an END instruction to indicate where execution

of instructions ends and the program is exited. Please note that you can place additional

instructions after the END instruction, though these will not be executed during operation. The

figure below shows a typical scan sequence:

1 scan time

Mode I/O Timers Main

Program


Program

Time

Where:

Mode- determines mode of operation (Run, Halt, etc.)

I/O- update and process all inputs and outputs

Timer- update all running timers

Main Program- all logic blocks created under Main

Power-Up block

If the Power up-program is programmed, it is executed once at the beginning of the first scan

(before main program execution). Therefore, this program can be used to set initial values into

registers.

The figure below shows the first scan operation:

Run mode

Transition 1st scan 2nd scan…

I/O Timers Power-

up

Main

Program


Program

Time



Subroutines Subroutines operate the same as the main program except they are not executed unless

specifically called on by another logic block. Subroutines are useful when you have a set of

commands that should be executed only under certain conditions.

A subroutine is activated using the CALL function (see the Instruction List). The CALL function

can be used in any logic block, including another subroutine:

Sample CALL function to subroutines

A maximum of 256 subroutines can be created (dependent upon total memory available).

To return to the calling logic block, you must end the subroutine program with a RET instruction:

Return (RET) instruction for subroutine

Timer Interrupts

Timer interrupt logic blocks are given the highest priority when the HMC7000 program is

executed. The timer interrupt is enabled by going to the Define…System Parameters dialog box

and checking Timer Interrupt Interval. When enabled, the timer interrupt routine is executed

based upon the interval selected (range is 1-1000 msec).

All other operations are suspended whenever the time interrupt activates. Use this feature if

you have a continuous operation that is time critical. Note that since timer interrupt routines

halt all other activities, it is best to minimize its impact on the performance of the controller by

using it sparingly. Design the interrupt routine to be as short as possible and adjust the timer

interrupt interval to be the maximum setting that can still meet the requirements of your

application.



I/O Interrupts 1 and 2 The I/O interrupt program is also a high priority task. It is executed immediately when the

interrupt factor is generated, while suspending other operations.

Two I/O interrupt programs are supported in the HMC7000 unit. Note: only models with built-in

IO modules such as the HMC7030A-L support the I/O interrupt blocks. The end of each Interrupt

program is recognized by the END instruction.

(1) I/O Interrupt #1 The I/O Interrupt #1 is used with the high-speed counter function. When the count value reaches the preset value, etc., the I/O Interrupt #1 is activated immediately, suspending other operations.

(2) I/O Interrupt #2 The I/O Interrupt #2 is also used with the high-speed counter function. If an interrupt factor is generated while another interrupt program is executing (including the timer interrupt), the interrupt factor is held. Then it is activated after the first interrupt is finished executing.

Therefore, if two or more interrupt factors are generated at the same time, the priority is as follows:

1. Timer 2. I/O # 1 3. I/O # 2

Creating A Simple Ladder Logic Program The following is an example of how to create a simple ladder logic program. In this example, we

will use the HMC7035A-M and create a logic block in the Main section. This simple program will

activate a 10ms timer with the press of a button on Screen 1. The timer will count for ten

seconds, after which it will cause an output coil to turn ON. The output coil will be monitored on

Screen 1 using a bit lamp object.

Create a Logic Block Before Ladder Logic instructions can be placed in a logic block the block itself must be created. Perform the following steps:

1. In the Project’s Information window:

a. Click the Logic Blocks sub-folder for the currently opened project. (Note: if

necessary, click on the expansion symbol located to the left of the Logic Blocks subfolder to expand the directory.

b. Right-click on the appropriate Logic Blocks type (ex. Main) subfolder. c. A popup dialog box appears “New Logic Block”. Click on the dialog box.



2. A new logic block of the selected type is created and displayed in the work area and the Block Properties box displays to the right.

Create Tags to Use in the Program

Before creating the ladder logic, we must add the memory areas we intend to use to the tag

database. Create the following tags using the tag database (for information on how to use the

tag database, refer to Chapter 4 – Screens and Tags in the MAPware-7000 Programing Manual):

Node Name Tag Name Register/Coil Type Address Register or Coil

Operator Panel Start Timer Internal Coils (B) 0 Coil

Operator Panel Timer Set Internal Coils (B) 1 Coil

Operator Panel TR_00001 Timer Register (T) 1 Register

Operator Panel T_00001 Timer Coils (T.) 1 Coil

Configure Instructions in the Logic Block

We are now ready to build the program logic by placing and configuring instructions in the logic block. Follow these steps:

1. In the Project’s Information window, click on the Logic Blocks…Main…Block1 subdirectory to display Block 1 in the work area:

2. Click on the Ladder Logic…I/O Instructions menu. Click on the NO Contact (Normally Open). Then move the focus cursor to the first column of Rung 1 and click. A NO contact



should appear on Rung 1:

3. In the Select Tag dialog box, select tag address B00000. Note: The tag is automatically created with a default name when you place the instruction in the rung. You can rename the tag by selecting the Tags folder in MAPware-7000 and opening the Edit Tag window. If you prefer to use a different tag, you can select it from the tag list in the Select Tag window, or click the Add Tag button to create a new tag. The Select Tag window allows you to sort tags by clicking on Tag Name or Tag Address at the top of the corresponding column.

4. Click on the Ladder Logic…Timer menu. Click on the ON Timer. Then move the focus cursor to the second column of Rung 1 and click. A Timer ON (TON) logic function should appear on Rung 1:

5. In the Select Tag dialog box for the timer, select the default tag address T00000 for the

Timer Register and click OK.

6. In the Instruction Properties window, enter a constant value of 1000 (10 seconds) for the Tag (Preset Register).



7. Create another NO Contact (Normally Open) and place it on the first column of Rung 2. In the Select Tag dialog box, create and select tag address T.0000:

8. Click on the Ladder Logic…I/O Instructions menu. Click on the Output. Then move the focus cursor to the second column of Rung 2 and click. An output contact should appear on Rung 2:

9. In the Select Tag dialog box, select the default tag address B00001 (Timer Set).

Create a Screen to View the Output

The logic is complete; now create a simple screen to see what the logic is doing:

1. In the Projects Information window, click on the Screens…Screen1 subdirectory to display Screen #1 in the work area.

2. Create the following objects on Screen #1: a. Toggle Bit object: Tag Address of B0 (Start Timer) b. Bit Lamp object: Tag Address of B0 c. Text object: B0 (Start Timer) d. Text object: Timer Countdown: e. Numeric Data object: Tag Address of T00000 f. Text object: B1 (Timer Set)



g. Bit Lamp object: Tag Address of B1 (Timer Set)

3. Save the Project. Compile the project. Download the project to the target HMC (make sure that both Application and Ladder are selected). Note: Simulation of Logic Blocks is not available in offline simulation mode.

When Screen #1 appears on the HMC7000, press on the Toggle button to activate the ten

second timer. You will see the timer increment in 10 msec intervals until 10 seconds has passed.

Then lamp B1 will light. Press the Toggle button again to reset the timer.

Compiler Output

When your logic blocks are completed it is necessary to compile the project. This can be done

by: clicking on the compile icon , clicking on Project…Compile or by pressing the F9 key on

your keyboard. If there are no errors, a message will pop up indicating a successful compilation.

If there are errors, the compiler output window is displayed. It will list the Block Name, Rung

Number, and a description for each error:

Double-clicking on the text of the error message in the output window will select the instruction

in the logic block where the error occurred.



Downloading the Ladder Logic After saving and compiling (make sure no errors occur), you can download the project into your

HMC7000:

Click Project…Transfer…Download to display the Download menu:

Make sure that Firmware, Application, and Ladder are checked. Click the Download button to begin the download to the HMC7000 unit.

Online Monitoring and Debugging Ladder logic programs composed of many logic blocks each with many rungs can become very

complex. Programs rarely work exactly as the programmer intended the first time they are run.

Understanding exactly what the HMC is doing is nearly impossible without some visualization

tools. Fortunately, MAPware-7000 can be connected to an HMC while it is running a ladder logic

program, allowing the programmer to see and control the state of inputs, outputs and other

data the logic is operating on. In addition, a debugger allows the programmer to control

program execution and step through the logic blocks one instruction at a time, quickly

identifying and fixing any logical errors.

Getting Connected The first step to monitor logic in an HMC is to connect it to the PC running MAPware-7000. Click

on the Tools menu…Preferences…Online Communication Mode to select the connection

method used to go online.

Once connected, there are two options to go online with the HMC:



1. With Upload: This mode can be entered whether a project is currently open or not. If a

project is open, it will be closed; there will be an opportunity to save any changes. The

project on the HMC will be uploaded and opened in MAPware-7000, and the software

will be placed in online mode. To go online with upload:

a. Click on the Mode menu… Online… With Upload

b. Press the F8 key on the keyboard

c. Click on the online mode icon:

2. Without Upload: The project on the HMC must be open in MAPware-7000. If the ladder

logic has been modified since the last download, you will be prompted to download it

again. To go online without upload:

a. Click on the Mode menu… Online… Without Upload

b. Press the F6 key on the keyboard

Once connected to the HMC, MAPware-7000 will switch to Monitor mode. This is indicated in

the bottom right hand corner of the MAPware-7000 window:

The MAPware-7000 mode is displayed in parentheses. Options are Offline, Monitor, Edit or

Debug. The mode the HMC is in is displayed here as well.

Once in Online mode the state of the HMC can be controlled from MAPware-7000. Use the PLC

Control option from the Mode menu. This menu can be used to put the HMC in HALT or RUN

mode or to place the HMC in HOLD mode or switch back to RUN mode. The HMC can also be

toggled between RUN and HALT mode using the RUN or HALT icons in the toolbar.

Monitor Connecting to the HMC in monitor mode allows the programmer to see into the device and

watch contacts, coils and other data change in real time. Values can also be entered directly in a

logic instruction as it is executing.

In monitor mode the project cannot be modified, so many of the menu options in MAPware-

7000 are disabled, including the project information window. To open a logic block use the Block

menu (Block…Open) and select the desired block to open. The data monitor window can be

opened to view and edit data in a tabular format (View… Data Monitor Window). Data must be

added to the data monitor window before entering Online-Monitor mode.



In Online-Monitor mode the logic block will look slightly different than it does in Offline mode.

Input contacts and output coils are color coded to indicate their current state; data is displayed

in decimal format above the instruction…

Following the circuit diagram analogy, a green input contact indicates that the contact is closed;

meaning power can flow through the instruction to downstream components. A green output

indicates that the output is ON red indicates the output is OFF.

To change the state of an input contact, double click on the instruction in the ladder diagram. A

pop up window is displayed where you can select the desired state. Click Set to write the change

to the HMC.

Note: this changes the state of the data that controls the input not the state of the input itself.

For example, in a NC contact, setting the value to FALSE closes the contact and will change the

color of the contact to green, indicating that any outputs connected to the contact would be

energized.

For instructions that operate on non-Boolean data, such as timers, or math instructions, the

appearance of the instruction does not change in monitor mode, except that live data is

displayed above each operand…



To change the inputs of the instruction double click on the instruction. Click Set in the pop up

window to write the new values to the HMC.

The result of an instruction, for example the product in a multiplication instruction, cannot be

changed.

When using monitor mode keep in mind that the tags shown in the logic block window are

displayed with the value they contain between logic scans. If some instruction changes the value

in a register at the end of the logic scan that value is the value that will appear in the monitor

window, this does not mean the register had the same value as the rung you are looking at was

executed. Likewise, if you enter a value in a particular instruction and then subsequent logic

overwrites the value, you will not see the value entered but the value that is the end result of

the logic scan. Debug mode can be used to view data in real time, as any particular instruction is

executed.

Debug

Debug mode is the best way to see exactly what the HMC is doing, while it is doing it, and to

understand why it did what it did. This ability is very useful in trouble shooting complicated logic

sequences. The programmer can place breakpoints in a logic block and use them to halt

execution before a logic sequence that isn’t working as expected; then step through the

instructions one at a time, slowing down a calculation that would normally take a few micro

seconds to a speed the programmer can follow and understand, as it happens.

Debug mode is entered from Monitor mode (see the Getting Connected section above). From

monitor mode, do one of the following:

1. Click on the Mode menu… Debug… Start Debug Mode in the menu bar

2. Press ALT + D on the keyboard

3. Click on the Start Debug Mode icon: in the debug toolbar



Once debug mode is entered, the mode will be indicated in the bottom right of the MAPware-

7000 window:

The rest of the options in the debug toolbar and the Mode…Debug menu are enabled:

Options are:

Set Breakpoint (ALT + B)

Click on an instruction then select this option to place a breakpoint at the selected instruction. A

red dot will appear at the input to the contact or in the instruction indicating that a break point

has been set:

Breakpoints are locations in the logic that can be activated to suspend logic execution. When

activated the tags displayed in the logic block window or in the watch window will contain the

values before the instruction is executed.

Breakpoints cannot be placed in subroutine or interrupt blocks.

Go to Breakpoint (ALT + G)

Click on this icon to advance execution to the next breakpoint. If no breakpoint has been

activated yet, execution will stop at the first breakpoint in the ladder program. Instructions

between the current location and the next breakpoint are executed at full processor speed.

When execution stops the instruction containing the breakpoint will be highlighted in yellow

indicating it is the next instruction to be evaluated.



Tags contain values stored in them prior to evaluating the instruction containing the breakpoint.

Single Step (F2)

This option executes one instruction then halts execution before the next instruction is

evaluated. When activated, the values in the instruction highlighted in yellow are updated, and

then the highlight will move to the next instruction. For inputs that control output coil

instructions, the output coil’s state is updated when the instruction controlling it is evaluated.

The single step option will stop at the end of a logic block. To advance to another logic block in

the same program place a breakpoint at the start of each logic block and use the Go To

Breakpoint option.

Single Scan (F3)

Evaluates all of the logic block instructions in the program one time then halts execution. To use

this option no breakpoints can be set. This option is useful when debugging operations that

update once per scan, such as counters or pulse instructions.



Show / Hide Watch Window (ALT + W)

The watch window displays data in a tabular format similar to the Data Monitor Window. It will

appear below the logic block. This feature is useful when debugging logic blocks with

instructions that use blocks of data as their operands, such as the PID instructions.

Unlike the Data Monitor you can add, edit or delete tags in the watch window during a debug

session. To add data to the watch window, right-click on the window and select Add from the

context menu. A pop up window will appear where the attributes of a Data block can be

defined:

The fields are:

Address – The address of the first tag to watch

Size – The size, in words, of the data block to add.

Data Type – Format to display the data in

Data Size – Size of each element in the block

Color – Can be used to color code different blocks of data

Once added to the watch window the data will update in real time as the debugger is used to

step through a logic block.

To edit or delete an existing block of data, right click on the data in the watch window and select

Edit or Remove.



Remove Breakpoint (ALT + R)

This option is used to remove any breakpoints that are no longer needed. Activate this option

then select the breakpoint to remove from the popup window.

Stop Debug Mode (ALT + M)

This option stops the debug session and returns MAPware-7000 to Online – Monitor mode.

Other Useful Ladder Logic Tools

Importing Ladder Logic Blocks from another project MAPware-7000 has a nice feature that allows you to import ladder logic blocks that were

created in another project. Of course, you can do this by simply copying another project but this

feature allows you to import only the ladder logic blocks that you wish without any of the other

project data.

Open the project that you wish to bring the imported logic blocks into, and then perform the

following steps:

On the main menu, click Block…Import



The Import block dialog box appears. Select the project that you wish to extract the logic block(s) from. A dialog box appears:

Select which logic blocks you wish to import, then click OK.

Verify that the selected logic blocks are now part of your project:



Block menu from main toolbar

Instructions List toolbar

Common Commands Vertical toolbar

Horizontal Block Command toolbar

Configuring color preferences

Select Tools… Preferences… Ladder Editor Colors from the main menu.

These options apply to the colors used when editing the ladder logic program and when viewing

the ladder logic in online mode. Click on each option to change color to suit your tastes.

Click on Tools… Preferences… Project Global Settings from the main menu.

The Show tag selection window when

adding new instruction option

enables the Select Tag dialog box to

popup when a new instruction is

added.

The Number of tag name characters

to be displayed in instructions

determines how many characters of

the tag name are displayed in the

ladder logic blocks.



Chapter 2 - Ladder Instruction Table The tables below give a brief listing of all ladder logic instructions available. The instructions are

split into groups according to similarity of purpose. In the next chapter each instruction will be

dealt with in more detail.

Input/Output Instructions These are input instructions (must be located to the left side of the rung) and output

instructions (must be located to the right side of the rung).

Instruction Name Symbol Description Execution

Time (μSec)

NO Contact

{input}

Normally Open Contact. 1 μsec

NC Contact

{input}

Normally Closed Contact. 1 μsec

Output

{output}

Output Contact or Relay Coil. 1.1 μsec

Rising Edge {input}

Turns ON output for 1 scan when input

changes from Off→On.

1 μsec

Falling Edge

{input}


changes from On→Off.

1 μsec

Inverter

{input}

Inverts the input state. 0.8 μsec

Invert Coil

{output}

Stores the inverse state of the input

going into coil.

1.1 μsec

Positive Pulse

Contact

{input}


is ON and Operand A changes from

Off→On.

1.3 μsec

Negative Pulse

Contact

{input}


is ON and Operand A changes from

On→Off.

1.3 μsec

Positive Pulse Coil

{output} Turns ON Operand A for 1 scan when

input changes from Off→On.

1.3 μsec

Negative Pulse Coil

{output}

Turns ON Operand A for 1 scan when

input changes from On→Off.

1.3 μsec



Data Transfer Instructions These are instructions which can be used to move data from one (or more) memory location(s)

to another memory location(s).


Time (μSec)

MOV Word

Transfer data from one 16-bit register

to another.

1.9 μsec

MOV DWord

Transfer data from one 32-bit register

to another.

2.2 μsec

Invert Transfer

Transfers an inverted version of the

data in one register (ex. 1→0, and 0→1)

to another.

1.9 μsec

Table Initialize

Transfers a constant value or a value in

the specified source register (Operand

A) to a series of consecutive registers (1

to 1024) beginning with the target

register. (Operand B)

1.8 μsec to

205.3 μsec

Table Block Transfer

Transfers a series of consecutive

registers (1 to 1024) beginning with the

source register (Operand A) to a series

of consecutive registers beginning with

the target register. (Operand B)

1.7 μsec to

271.4 μsec

Table Invert Transfer

Transfers a series of consecutive

registers (1 to 1024) beginning with the

source register (Operand A) to a series

of consecutive registers beginning with

the target register (Operand B).

However, the values transferred are

inverted. (ex. 1→0, and 0→1).

1.6 μsec to

316.2 μsec

Data Exchange

The data values in the two specified

registers are exchanged or swapped.

2 μsec

Multiplexer

A particular register in a range of

registers (Operand A) is read and copied

to a target register (Operand C). Which

2.7 μsec




Time (μSec)

register read/copied is determined by

the value in Operand B register.

Demultiplexer

A register (Operand A) is read and

copied to a particular target register

selected from a range of registers

(determined by Operand C). Which

target register selected is determined

by the value in Operand B register.

2.5 μsec

Math Instructions These are instructions which can be used to initialize data or move data from one memory

location to another.


Time (μSec)

Addition

Adds two signed registers and puts the

sum in a third register.

2.9 μsec to 3.2

μsec

Subtraction

Subtracts the value in Operand B from

the value in Operand A and puts the

result in a third register, Operand C.

1.6 μsec to 3.5

μsec

Multiplication

Multiplies the values in two registers

and puts the result in a third register.

2.0 μsec to 2.8

μsec

Division Word

Divides the value in Operand A by the

value in Operand B and puts the result

in a third register, Operand C. Note: the

quotient is stored in C and the

remainder is stored in C+1.

8.8 μsec to 9.5

μsec

Division Unsigned

DWord/Word Divides the value in Operand A (32-bit

register) by the value in Operand B (16-

bit register) and puts the result in a 16-

bit register, Operand C. Note: the

quotient is stored in C and the

remainder is stored in C+1.

9.0 μsec




Time (μSec)

Addition with Carry

Adds two registers, along with the carry

bit (S0) and puts the sum in a third

register. If the carry bit was set during

this operation, the carry flag is turned

ON. Use this instruction when adding

two unsigned numbers or 32-bit

registers.

3.5 μsec

Subtraction with

Carry

Subtracts the value in Operand B, along

with the carry bit (S0) from the value in

Operand A and puts the result in

Operand C register. If the carry bit was

set during this operation, the carry flag

is turned ON. Use this instruction when

subtracting two unsigned numbers or

32-bit registers.

3.5 μsec

Increment

Whenever the input to this instruction

is ON, the data in the selected register

is incremented by 1.

1.6 μsec

Decrement

Whenever the input to this instruction

is ON, the data in the selected register

is decremented by 1.

1.6 μsec

Log(10)

Calculates common Log (base 10) of

value in Operand A and puts result in

Operand C register. Ex. log10 A=C

TBD

Log(e)

Calculates the natural Log value (base e)

in Operand A and puts the result in

Operand C register. Ex. loge A=C

TBD

Antilog(10)

Calculates the common antilogarithm

(base 10) of value in Operand A and

puts the result in Operand C register.

Ex. if log10 x=y, then antilog10 y=x.

TBD




Time (μSec)

Antilog(e)

Calculates the natural antilogarithm

(base e) in Operand A and puts the

result in Operand C register.

Ex. if loge x=y, then antiloge y=x.

TBD

Square Root

Calculates the square root of Operand A

and stores the result in Operand B (data

type is floating point)

TBD

Exponential

Calculates Operand A raised to the

power specified by Operand B, and

stores the result in operand C (all

parameters are floating point format).

TBD

Sine

Calculates the sine of Operand A in

radians and stores the result in Operand

B (all parameters are floating point

format).

TBD

Cosine

Calculates the cosine of Operand A in



format).

TBD

Tangent

Calculates the tangent of Operand A in



format).

TBD

Compare Instructions These are instructions which compare the values between two registers and, depending upon

the result (i.e. equal, greater than, less than, etc) turns ON the output.


Time (μSec)

Greater than

If data in Operand A is greater than data

in Operand B, the output is turned ON.

2.2 μsec to 2.4

μsec



Greater than or equal

If data in Operand A is greater than or

equal to the data in Operand B, the

output is turned ON.

2.2 μsec to 2.4

μsec

Equal

If data in Operand A is equal to the data

in Operand B, the output is turned ON.

2.3 μsec to 2.4

μsec

Not Equal

If data in Operand A is not equal to the

data in Operand B, the output is turned

ON.

2.2 μsec to 2.3

μsec

Less than

If data in Operand A is less than data in

Operand B, the output is turned ON.

2.1 μsec to 2.4

μsec

Less than or equal

If data in Operand A is less than or

equal to the data in Operand B, the

output is turned ON.

2.1 μsec to 2.4

μsec

Logic Instructions These are instructions which perform logic operations (i.e. AND, OR, XOR, etc.) on the selected

data registers.


Time (μSec)

AND

The data in Operand A is logic ANDed to

the data in Operand B and output to

Operand C.

2.7 μsec

OR

The data in Operand A is logic ORed to


Operand C.

2.7 μsec

Exclusive OR

The data in Operand A is logic XORed to


Operand C.

2.7 μsec

1 bit shift right

The data in the selected register is

shifted 1 bit to the right (LSB direction).

The least significant bit is stored in the

carry flag. (S0)

2 μsec




Time (μSec)

1 bit shift left


shifted 1 bit to the left (MSB direction).

The most significant bit is stored in the

carry flag. (S0)

2 μsec

n bits shift right

The data in Operand A is shifted n bits

(1-16) to the right (LSB direction) and

stored in Operand B and the carry bit.

Note: the carry bit (S0) is the location of

the 1st rightmost bit after the shift.

2.5 μsec

n bits shift left


(1-16) to the left (MSB direction) and

stored in Operand B and the carry bit.

Note: the carry bit (S0) is the location of

the 1st leftmost bit after the shift.

2.5 μsec

Shift register

While the enable input is ON, this

instruction shifts the data of the bit

table, size n (1 to 64) starting with A, 1

bit to the left (upper address direction)

when the shift input is ON.

15.5 μsec to

36.6 μsec

Bi-directional shift

register

While the enable input (E) is ON, this

instruction shifts the data of the bit

table, size n (1 to 64) starting with A, 1

bit when the shift input (S) is ON. The

shift direction is determined by the

state of the direction input (L).

21.7 μsec to

42.2 μsec

1 bit rotate right


shifted 1 bit to the right (LSB direction).

The least significant bit is moved to the

most significant bit.

2.1 μsec

1 bit rotate left


shifted 1 bit to the left (MSB direction).

The most significant bit is moved to the

least significant bit.

2.1 μsec




Time (μSec)

n bits rotate right


(1 to 16) to the right (LSB direction) and

stored in Operand B.

2.4 μsec

n bits rotate left


(1 to 16) to the left (MSB direction) and

stored in Operand B.

2.4 μsec

Conversion Instructions

These are instructions which convert the data from one type of format (ex. BCD, Hex, ASCII) to

another format.


Time (μSec)

Hex to ASCII

The hexadecimal data in a series of consecutive registers (1 to 32) beginning with Operand A is converted into ASCII characters and stored in consecutive registers starting with Operand B.

5.8 μsec to

87.1 μsec

ASCII to Hex

The ASCII data in a series of consecutive

registers (1 to 64) beginning with Operand A is

converted into hexadecimal characters and

stored in consecutive registers starting with

Operand B.

6.5 μsec to

64.9 μsec

Absolute Value

Computes the absolute value in Operand A

and stores in Operand B.

1.3 μsec

2’s Complement

Computes the 2’s complement value in

Operand A and stores in Operand B.

1.1 μsec

Double-word 2’s

Complement

Computes the 2’s complement value in

Operand A (and register A+1) and stores in

Operand B (and register B+1).

1.6 μsec

7 Segment decode

Converts the lower 4 data bits of Operand A into 7 segment code, and stores it in Operand B. The 7 segment code is normally used for a numeric display LED.

1.3 μsec

ASCII conversion

Converts alphanumeric characters (up to 16)

into ASCII codes, and stores them in the

designated register table, starting with

Operand B.

1.7 μsec to

5.8 μsec



Binary conversion

Converts 4 digits of BCD data in Operand A

into binary and stores in Operand B.

1.7 μsec

BCD conversion

Converts the binary data in Operand A into

BCD data and stores in Operand B.

11.4 μsec

Integer to Float NA Converts integer (16 or 32 bit) value in

Operand A into a floating point value (32 bit)


TBD

Float to Integer NA Converts a floating point value (32 bit) in

Operand A into an integer (16 or 32 bit) value


TBD

Timer Instructions These are instructions which run timers.

Instruction

Name

Symbol Description Execution

Time (μSec)

ON timer

While the input is ON, timer updates according

to the time specified in Operand A. Time elapsed

is recorded in Operand B. When time is reached,

output is turned ON and the update of Operand

B stops. When input is OFF, value in Operand B

is reset back to 0.

6.7 μsec

OFF timer

While the input is OFF, timer updates according

to the time specified in Operand A. Time elapsed

is recorded in Operand B. When time is reached,

output is turned OFF and the update of Operand

B stops. When input is ON, value in Operand B is

reset back to 0.

6.8 μsec

Single Shot Timer

When the input is pulsed ON, timer updates

according to the time specified in Operand A.

Time elapsed is recorded in Operand B. Output

is ON during this time until time is reached, then

Output is turned OFF and remains OFF until

input is pulsed again. Value in Operand B is reset

back to 0 if 1) value equals preset value in

Operand A and then input is turned OFF or

2) input is turned OFF, value reaches preset

value, input is pulsed ON.

7.1 μsec



Counter Instructions These are instructions which run counters.

Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

Counter

While the enable input (E) is ON, this instruction

increments a counter register by 1 for every

scan in which the counter input (C) is ON, until a

preset value is reached. When the preset is

reached the output is turned ON.

4.4 μsec

Up/down

Counter While enable input (E) is ON, this counter

increments/decrements the number of cycles

(once per scan) while count input (C) is ON, and

puts the result in target Counter address. The

counter counts up if input (U) is ON, counts

down if input (U) is OFF.

1.3 μsec

Program Control Instructions These are instructions which do program control.

Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

Subroutine call

Calls the target subroutine. 2.7 μsec

Subroutine

return

Returns to the calling logic block.

FOR

When input is ON, the segment of logic between

the FOR and NEXT statements.

3.3 μsec

NEXT

Executes repeatedly during a scan until the

count is reached.

Master Control

Set

The Master Control Set (MCS) and Master

Control Reset (MCR) instructions turn.

2.3 μsec

Master Control

Reset

OFF the power rail between these instructions

when MCS input is OFF.

Jump Control Set

Jumps from Jump Control Set (JCS) to the Jump

Control Reset (JCR) when input

1.8 μsec



Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

Jump Control

Reset

to JCS is ON.

Enable interrupt

Allows execution of interrupt programs. 5.2 μsec

Disable interrupt

Prevents execution of interrupt programs.

Watchdog Timer

Reset

The built-in watchdog timer resets the HMC7000

if timeout exceeds 200 msec. This instruction

extends that time by up to an additional 100

msec.

1.0 μsec

Step sequence

initialize

This function initializes a step sequencer. It

clears n bit registers starting with Operand A,

then sets Operand A.

3.5 μsec to

86.8 μsec

Step sequence

input

If input to this function is ON and Operand A is

ON, then turns the output ON.

1.2 μsec

Step sequence

output

When input is ON, this functions resets all bit

registers of the step sequencer, then sets

Operand A.

1.9 μsec

Functions Instructions These are instructions which perform complex functions.

Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

Moving Average

Calculates the average value of last n scan values

of A, and stores the result in C.

5.7 to 45.5

μsec

Digital Filter

Filters the value of A by filter constant specified

by B, and stores the result in C.

28.4 μsec

PID 1,4,5

Performs PID control (pre-derivative real PID

algorithm):

Process Variable (PV): A

Set value (SV): A+1

35.9-44.7

μsec



Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

PID parameters: B

Manipulation Variable (MV): C

Upper limit

Compares the current value in a register A with

a set value in B. If the current value A is less than

B, then A is stored in result C. If A is greater than

B, B is stored into C.

2.3 μsec

Lower limit

Compares the current value in a register A with

a set value in B. If the current value A is greater

than B, then A is stored in result C. If A is less

than B, B is stored into C.

2.1 μsec

Maximum value

Searches for the maximum value in a table of

registers (of size n), beginning with register A,

then stores the maximum value into register B.

4.0 to 64.6

μsec

Minimum value

Searches for the minimum value in a table of


then stores the minimum value into register B.

3.9 to 61.1

μsec

Average value

Computes the mean average value of a table of


then stores the result into register B.

12.5 to 39.7

μsec

Scale

Finds f(x) for given x=A, and stores result in C.

The function f(x) is defined by parameters stored

in a table of registers (of size 2n), beginning with

register B.

5.2 to 68.8

μsec

Data Log Upload

Uploads data file to attached USB

Special Instructions These are instructions which include data processing functions, I/O instructions, and RAS.

Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

Device Set

Sets target coil to ON. 1.1 μsec

Device Reset

Clears target coil to OFF. 1.1 μsec

Register Set

Sets target register to 0xFFFF. 1.1 μsec



Instruction

Name


Time (μSec)

Register Reset

Clears target register to 0. 1.0 μsec

Set Carry

Sets the carry flag ON. 1.0 μsec

Reset Carry

Clears the carry flag to OFF. 1.0 μsec

Encode

Finds the uppermost ON bit position in the table

of coils (of size 2n) beginning with coil A, and

stores in coil B.

4.7 to 99.7

μsec

Decode

Sets to ON a target coil address indicated by the

lower n bits of address A, and resets all other

coil addresses in the table of coils (of size 2n)

beginning with coil B.

4.3 to 46.8

μsec

Bit Count

Counts the number of ON bits of A and stores

result in B.

4.2 μsec

Flip-Flop

Sets to ON target address A when input (S) is

ON, and clears to OFF target address A when

input (R) is ON.

Note: input (R) has top priority.

1.6 μsec

Direct I/O

Performs immediate block transfer of n registers

starting with A.

5.6 μsec

Set Calendar

Sets six data registers starting with A into the

clock/calendar.

785.3 μsec

Calendar

Operation

Calculates the difference between the present

date and time compared to the past date and

time stored in six registers starting with A.

Stores result in six registers starting with B.

748.9 μsec



Chapter 3 - Instructions Defined

Input/Output Instructions

NO Contact

Expression:

Space Requirement: 1 line x 1 column Location Requirement: Left rail, Middle

Function:

NO (normally open) contact of device A.

When the input is ON and the device A is ON, the output is turned ON.

Execution Condition:

Input Operation Output

OFF Regardless of the state of device A OFF

ON When device A is OFF. OFF

When device A is ON. ON

Operand:

Coil or Bit Register Constant Index

Name X Y B S T. C. M

X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Device √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:



Timing Diagram:

Coil Y0022 comes on when the devices X0000 and B0001 are both ON.

NC Contact

Expression:


Function:

NC (normally closed) contact of device A.

When the input is ON and the device A is OFF, the output is turned ON.



OFF Regardless of the state of device A OFF

ON When device A is OFF. ON

When device A is ON. OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Device √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

Timing Diagram:

Coil Y0022 comes on when the device X0000 and B0001 are both OFF.

Output

Expression:

Space Requirement: 1 line x 1 column Location Requirement: Right rail

Function:

This is the output coil of device A.

When the input is ON, the device A is ON.



OFF Sets device A to OFF. --

ON Sets device A to ON. --

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Device √ √ √



Example:

Timing Diagram:

Coil Y0005 comes on when the device X0000 is ON.

Rising Edge (Transitional Contact)

Expression:


Function:

When the input at last scan is OFF and the input at this scan is ON, the output is turned ON. This

instruction is used to detect the input changing from OFF to ON.



OFF Regardless of the input state at last scan. OFF

ON When the input state at last scan is OFF. ON

When the input state at last scan is ON. OFF

Operand:

No operand is required.



Example:

Timing Diagram:

Coil Y0002 comes ON for only 1 scan when the device X0000 comes ON.

Falling Edge (Transitional Contact)

Expression:


Function:

When the input at last scan is ON and the input at this scan is OFF, the output is turned ON. This

instruction is used to detect the input changing from ON to OFF



OFF When the input state at last scan is OFF. OFF

When the input state at last scan is ON. ON

ON Regardless of the input state at last scan. OFF

Operand:




Example:

Timing Diagram:

Coil Y0002 comes ON for only 1 scan when the device X0000 comes OFF.

Inverter

Expression:


Function:

When the input is OFF, the output is turned ON, and when the input is ON, the output is turned

OFF. This instruction inverts the link state.



OFF Inverts the input state. ON

ON Inverts the input state. OFF

Operand:




Example:

Timing Diagram:

Device Y0002 comes ON when X0000 is OFF, and Y0002 comes OFF when X0000 is ON.

Invert Coil

Expression:


Function:

When the input is OFF, the device A is set to ON, and when the input is ON, the device A is set to

OFF. This instruction inverts the input state and stores it in device A.



OFF Sets device A ON. ---

ON Sets device A OFF. ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W




Example:

Timing Diagram:

Device Y0005 comes ON when X0000 is OFF, and Y0005 comes OFF when X0000 is ON.

Positive Pulse Contact

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON and the device A is changed from OFF to ON (OFF at last scan and ON at

this scan), the output is turned ON.

This instruction is used to detect the device changing from OFF to ON.



OFF Regardless of the state of device A. OFF

State of device A is OFF. OFF

ON State of device A is ON. A is OFF at last scan. ON

A is ON at last scan. OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



A Device √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

Timing Diagram:

B0100 comes ON for only 1 scan when X0000 is ON and X0003 changes to ON.

Negative Pulse Contact

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON and the device A is changed from ON to OFF (ON at last scan and OFF at

this scan), the output is turned ON.

This instruction is used to detect the device changing from ON to OFF.



OFF Regardless of the state of device A. OFF

State of device A is OFF. A is OFF at last scan. OFF

ON A is ON at last scan. ON

State of device A is ON. OFF



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Device √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

Timing Diagram:

B0100 comes ON for only 1 scan when X0000 is ON and X0003 changes to OFF.

Positive Pulse Coil

Expression:


Function:

When the input is changed from OFF to ON, the device A is set to ON for 1 scan time.

This instruction is used to detect the input changing from OFF to ON.



OFF Sets device A to OFF. ---



ON When the input at last scan is OFF, sets A to ON. ---

When the input at last scan is OFF, sets A to OFF. ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W


Example:

Timing Diagram:

B0101 comes ON for only 1 scan when X0000 is changed from OFF to ON.

Negative Pulse Coil

Expression:


Function:

When the input is changed from ON to OFF, the device A is set to ON for 1 scan time.

This instruction is used to detect the input changing from ON to OFF.





OFF When the input at last scan is OFF, sets A to OFF. ---

When the input at last scan is ON, sets A to ON. ---

ON Sets device A to OFF. ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W


Example:

Timing Diagram:

B0101 comes ON for only 1 scan when X0000 is changed from ON to OFF.

Data Transfer Instructions

MOV Word

Expression:



Space Requirement: 1 line x 5 column Location Requirement: Middle, Right rail

Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A is stored in B.



OFF No execution OFF

ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Examples:

Sample 1- Moving a constant value into a register

B0010 is ON, a constant data (12345) is stored in D0100 and the output is turned ON.

Sample 2- Copying a value in a register to another register

When B00010 is ON, the data of SW030 is stored in BW045 and the output is turned ON. If

SW030 is 500, the data 500 is stored in BW045.

Sample 3- Using the Index Register feature

When B050 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW008 is stored in the index register I and the data of D(0000+I) is stored in YW010. If BW008 is 300, the data of D0300 is stored in YW010.



MOV DWord

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the double-word (32-bit) data of A+1× A is stored in double-word register

B+1× B. The data range is -2147483648 to 2147483647.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B011 is ON, a double-word data of D0101×D0100 is stored in BW17×BW16 and the output is turned ON. If D0101×D0100 is 1234567, the data 1234567 is stored in BW17×BW16.

Invert Transfer



Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the bit-inverted data of A is stored in B.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B005 is ON, the bit-inverted data of BW30 is stored in D0200 and the output is turned ON.

If BW30 is H4321, the bit-inverted data (HBCDE) is stored in D0200.



Table Initialize

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A is stored in n registers starting with B.

The allowable range of the table size n is 1 to 1024 words.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Table Size 1-1024

B Start of

Destination √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, a constant data (0) is stored in 100 registers starting with D0200 (D0200 to

D0299) and the output is turned ON.



Table Block Transfer

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of n registers starting with A are transferred to n registers

starting with B in a block. The allowable range of the table size n is 1 to 1024 words.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of

Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Table Size 1-1024

B Start of


Example:

When B010 is ON, the data of D0500 to D0509 (10 registers) are block transferred to D1000 to

D1009, and the output is turned ON.

Note: The source and destination tables can overlap.



Table Invert Transfer

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of n registers starting with A are bit-inverted and transferred to

n registers starting with B in a block. The allowable range of the table size n is 1 to 1024 words.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of

Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Table Size 1-1024

B Start of


Example:

When B010 is ON, the data of D0600 to D0604 (5 registers) are bit-inverted and transferred to

D0865 to D0869, and the output is turned ON.

Note: The source and destination tables can overlap.



Data Exchange

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A and the data of B is exchanged.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

√

Example:

When B005 is ON, the data of BW23 and D0100 is exchanged. If the original data of BW23 is

23456 and that of D0100 is 291, the operation result is as follows.

Before Operation After Operation



Multiplexer

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of the register which is designated by B in the table, size n

starting with A, is transferred to C.




ON Normal Execution OFF

Pointer Over (no execution) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of

Table √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Table Size 1-64

B Pointer √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-63

C Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, the register data which is designated by BW30 is read from the table D0500

to D0509 (10 registers size), and stored in D0005.



If the data of BW30 is 7, D0507 data is transferred to D0005.

Note: If the pointer data designates outside the table (10 or more in the above example), the

transfer is not executed and the output comes ON.

The table must be within the effective range of the register address.

Demultiplexer

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A is transferred to the register which is designated by B in the

table, size n starting with C.




ON Normal Execution OFF

Pointer Over (no execution) ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Table Size 1-64

B Pointer √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-63

C Start of

Table √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B011 is ON, the data of XW04 is transferred to the register which is designated by BW30

in the table D0500 to D0509 (10 registers size).

If the data of BW30 is 8, XW04 data is transferred to D0508.

Note: If the pointer data designates outside the table (10 or more in the above example), the

transfer is not executed and the output comes ON.

The table must be within the effective range of the register address.



Math Instructions

Addition

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, A and B are added, the result is stored in C.

If the result is outside of the range supported by the selected data type, the output is turned ON

and the result is set to the maximum or minimum value supported by the selected data type. If

the result is within the range supported by the selected data type the output is turned OFF and

C contains the result of the addition.

Data Type:

Select the data type with the Data Properties menu in the Instruction Properties

The supported data types are:

Signed Word, Range: -32,768 to 32,767)

Signed Double Word, Range: -2147483648 to 2147483647

Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution (normal) OFF

Execution (overflow or underflow condition) ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Augend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Addent √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Sum √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B005 is ON, the data of D0100 and the constant data 1000 are added, the result is stored

in D0110.

If the data of D0100 is 12345, the result 13345 is stored in D0110, and B010 is turned OFF.

If the data of D0100 is 32700, the result exceeds the limit value, therefore 32767 is stored in

D0110, and B010 is turned ON.

Subtraction

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, B is subtracted from A, and the result is stored in C.



If the result is outside of the range supported by the selected data type C is set to the maximum

or minimum value supported by the data type and the output is turned ON. If the result is within

the range supported by the data type the output is turned OFF and the result is stored in C.




Signed Double Word, Range: (-2147483648 to 2147483647)

Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution (normal) OFF

Execution (overflow or underflow condition) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Minuend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Subtrahend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Difference √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B005 is ON, the constant data 2500 is subtracted from the data of D0200, and the result is

stored in BW50.

If the data of D0200 is 15000, the result 12500 is stored in BW50, and B010 is turned OFF.



If the data of D0200 is -31000, the result is smaller than the limit value, therefore -32768 is

stored in BW50, and B010 is turned ON.

Multiplication

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A is multiplied by the data of B, and the result is stored in C.

Data Type:

C is always a 32-bit register. A and B can be 16-bit or 32-bit. Select the data type using the type property in the Instruction’s property window. Options are:

Signed Word, Range: -32,768 to 32,767 (operand C is a Signed Double Word)

Unsigned Word, Range: 0 to 65,535 (operand C is an Unsigned Double Word)

Signed Double Word, Range: -2147483648 to 2147483647

Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Multiplicand √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Multiplexer √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Product √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B005 is ON, the data of D0050 is multiplied by the data of BW050, and the result is stored

in double length register D0101×D0100 (upper 16-bit in D0101 and lower 16-bit in D0100).

If the data of D0050 is 1500 and the data of BW05 is 20, the result 30000 is stored in

D0101×D0100.

Division

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, A is divided by B, the quotient is stored in C.

If the data type is not Float, the remainder of the division is stored in C+1.

Data Type:

Select the data type with the Type property of the instruction. Options are:

Signed Word, Range: -32,768 to 32,767 (operand C is a Signed Double Word)



Unsigned Word, Range: 0 to 65,535 (operand C is an Unsigned Double Word)

Float, Range: N/A Note: Once the float type is selected the type cannot be set back to Signed or Unsigned.


Input Operation Output ERF

OFF No execution OFF ---

ON Normal Execution (B ≠ 0) ON ---

No execution ( B = 0) OFF ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Multiplicand √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Multiplexer √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Product √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B005 is ON, the data of BW22 is divided by the constant data 325, and the quotient is

stored in BW27 and the remainder is stored in BW28.

If the data of BW22 is 2894, the quotient 8 is stored in BW27 and the remainder 294 is stored in

BW28.

Note:

If the divisor (operand B) is 0, the ERF (instruction error flag = S1010) is set to ON. The ERF (S1010) can be reset to OFF by user program, e.g. [ RST S1010 ].

If the index register K is used as operand C, the remainder is ignored.

If operand A is -32768 and operand B is -1, the data +32768 is stored in C and 0 is stored in C+1.



Division – Double Word

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the double-word operand, is divided by single word operand B, the

quotient is stored in C and the remainder in C+1. The data range of A is 0 to 4,294,967,295 and

the data range of B and C is 0 to 65,535.

If the quotient is greater than 65535 (overflow), the limit value 65535 is stored in C, 0 is stored

in C+1, and the instruction error flag (ERF = S051) is set to ON.




Normal Execution (B ≠ 0) ON ---

ON Overflow (B ≠ 0) ON Set

No execution ( B = 0) OFF Set

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Dividend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Divisor √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Quotient √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, the double-word data of D0201×D0200 is divided by the constant data 4000,

and the quotient is stored in D1000 and the remainder is stored in D1001.



If the data of D0201×D0200 is 332257, the quotient 83 is stored in D1000 and the remainder

257 is stored in D1001.

Note:

If the divisor (operand B) is 0, the ERF (instruction error flag = S1010) is set to ON. The ERF (S1010) can be reset to OFF by user program, e.g. [ RST S1010 ].

If the index register K is used as operand C, the remainder is ignored.

This instruction handles the register data as unsigned integer.

Addition with carry

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A, B and the carry flag (CF = S976) are added, and the result is

stored in C. If the carry occurs in the operation, the carry flag is set to ON. If the result is greater

than 32767 or smaller than -32768, the output is turned ON.

This instruction is used to perform unsigned addition or double-length addition.




Normal No Carry OFF Reset

ON Execution Carry Occurred OFF Set

Overflow/ No Carry ON Reset

Underflow Carry Occurred ON Set



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Augend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Addend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Sum √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B013 is ON, the data of double-length registers D0100×D0101 and BW20×BW21 are

added, and the result is stored in D0201×D0200. The RSTC is an instruction to reset the carry

flag before starting the calculation.

If the data of D0100×D0101 is 12345678 and BW20×BW21 is 54322, the result 12400000 is

stored in D0201×D0200.

Subtraction with carry

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of B and the carry flag (CF = S976) are subtracted from A, and

the result is stored in C. If a borrow occurs in the operation, the carry flag is set to ON. If the

result is greater than 32767 or smaller than -32768, the output is turned ON.

This instruction is used to perform unsigned subtraction or double-length subtraction.






Normal No Borrow OFF Reset

ON Execution Borrow Occurred OFF Set

Overflow/ No Borrow ON Reset

Underflow Borrow Occurred ON Set

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Minuend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Subtrahend √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Difference √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B013 is ON, the data of double-length register BW23×BW22 is subtracted from the data

of D0201×D0200, and the result is stored in D0211×D0210. The RSTC is a instruction to reset the

carry flag before starting the calculation.

If the data of D0200×D0201 is 12345678 and BW22×BW23 is 12340000, the result 5678 is stored

in D0210×D0211.



Increment

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A is increased by 1 and stored in A.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

At the rising edge of X004 changes from OFF to ON, the data of D0050 is increased by 1 and

stored in D0050.

If the data of D0050 is 750 before the execution, it will be 751 after the execution.

Note: There is no limit value for this instruction. When the data of operand A is 32767 before

the execution, it will be -32768 after the execution



Decrement

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A is decreased by 1 and stored in A.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

At the rising edge of X005 changes from OFF to ON, the data of D0050 is decreased by 1 and

stored in D0050.

If the data of D0050 is 1022 before the execution, it will be 1021 after the execution.

Note: There is no limit value for this instruction. When the data of operand A is -32768 before

the execution, it will be 32767 after the execution



Log (10)

Expression:

Space Requirement: 1 line x 5 column, Location Requirement: Middle, Right rail

Function:

The log (base 10) of A is stored in B:

𝐵 = log10 𝐴

Data Type:

The data type is float for this instruction.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √

B Destination √ √ √

Example:

When B020 is ON, the Log base 10 of A is calculated and the result is stored in BW020.

For example, if D0100 has a value of 100.0, 2.0 will be written to BW020, because:

2 = log10 100



Log (e)

Expression:


Function:

The natural logarithm of A is stored in B:

𝐵 = log𝑒 𝐴

Data Type:





ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



Example:

When B020 is ON, the natural logarithm of A is calculated and the result is stored in BW020.

For example, if D0100 has a value of 10.0, 2.3026 will be written to BW020, because:

2.3026 = log𝑒 10.0



Antilog(10)

Expression:


Function:

The antilog (base 10) of A is stored in B:

𝐵 = 10𝐴

Data Type:





ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



Example:



When B020 is ON, the antilog (base 10) of the value in D100 is calculated and the result is stored

in BW020.

For example, if D0100 has a value of 2, 100 will be written to BW020, because:

𝐵 = 𝐿𝑜𝑔−110 2 = 102 = 100

Antilog(e)

Expression:


Function:

The anti- natural logarithm of A is stored in B:

𝐵 = 𝑒𝐴

Data Type:





ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W





Example:

When B020 is ON, the antilog (base e) of the value in D100 is calculated and the result is stored

in BW020.

For example, if D0100 has a value of 1, then the value 2.7183 will be written to BW020, because:

𝐵 = 𝑙𝑛−11 = 𝑒1 = 2.7183

Square Root

Expression:


Function:

The square root of A is stored in B:

𝐵 = √𝐴

Data Type:





ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W





Example:

When B020 is ON, the square root of the value in D100 is calculated and the result is stored in

BW020.

For example, if D0100 has a value of 25.0, then the value 5.0 will be written to BW020

Exponential

Expression:


Function:

If the input is ON, A is raised to the B power and the result is stored in C:

𝐶 = 𝐴𝐵

Data Type:





ON Execution ON

Operand:





X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



Example:

When B020 is ON, D100 has a value of 5.0 and D0200 has a value of 2.0, the value 25.0 is written

to D0300 because

𝐶 = 𝐴𝐵 = 5.02.0 = 25.0

Sine

Expression:


Function:

If the input is ON, the sine of angle A is calculated in radians and the result is stored in B:

sin(𝐴) = 𝐵

Data Type:





ON Execution ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



Example:

When B00000 is ON, the sine of the value in D00000 is calculated and the result is stored in

D00002 (in radians).

Cosine

Expression:


Function:

If the input is ON, the cosine of angle A is calculated in radians and the result is stored in B:

cos(𝐴) = 𝐵

Data Type:





ON Execution ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



Example:

When B00000 is ON, the cosine of the value in D00000 is calculated and the result is stored in


Tangent

Expression:


Function:

If the input is ON, the tangent of angle A is calculated in radians and the result is stored in B:

tan(𝐴) = 𝐵

Data Type:





ON Execution ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



Example:

When B00000 is ON, the tangent of the value in D00000 is calculated and the result is stored in


Compare Instructions

Greater Than

Expression:


Function:

If A is greater than B, and the input is ON, the output is turned ON.

Data Type:




Unsigned Word, Range: 0 to 65,535



Signed Double Word, Range: -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647

Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution A > B ON

A < B OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Compared

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Reference

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B0005 is ON, the data of D0125 is compared with the constant data 2500, and if the data

of D0125 is greater than 2500, B0020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 3000, the comparison result is true. Consequently, B0020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is -100, the comparison result is false. Consequently, B0005 is turned OFF



Greater Than or Equal

Expression:


Function:

If A is greater than or equal to B, and the input is ON, the output is turned ON.

Data Type:



Signed Word, Range: -32,768 to 32,767



Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution A > B ON

A < B OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Compared

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Reference

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

When B0005 is ON, the data of D0125 is compared with the data of D0020, and if the data of

D0125 is greater than or equal to the data of D0020, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 3000 and that of D0020 is 3000, the comparison result is true.

Consequently, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is -1500 and that of D0020 is 0, the comparison result is false.

Consequently, B020 is turned OFF.

Equal

Expression:


Function:

If A is equal to B, and the input is ON, the output is turned ON.

Data Type:






Float, Range: N/A






ON Execution A = B ON

A ≠ B OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Compared

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Reference

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:


D0125 is equal to the data of D0030, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 3000 and that of D0020 is 3000, the comparison result is true.

Consequently, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is -1500 and that of D0020 is 0, the comparison result is false.

Consequently, B020 is turned OFF.



Not Equal

Expression:


Function:

If A is not equal to B, and the input is ON, the output is turned ON.

Data Type:






Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution A ≠ B ON

A = B OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Compared

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Reference

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

When B0005 is ON, the data of D0125 is compared with the constant data 0, and if the data of

D0125 is not 0, B0020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 10, the comparison result is true. Consequently, B0020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 0, the comparison result is false. Consequently, B0020 is turned OFF.

Less Than

Expression:


Function:

If A is less than B, and the input is ON, the output is turned ON.

Data Type:






Float, Range: N/A






ON Execution A < B ON

A > B OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Compared

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Reference

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:


D0125 is less than the data of D0040, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 10 and that of D0040 is 15, the comparison result is true. Consequently,

B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 0 and that of D0040 is -50, the comparison result is false. Consequently,

B020 is turned OFF.

Less Than or Equal

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of A and the data of B are compared, and if A is less than or

equal to B, the output is turned ON.



Data Type:






Float, Range: N/A




ON Execution A < B ON

A > B OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Compared

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Reference

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B0005 is ON, the data of D0125 is compared with the constant data -100, and if the data

of D0125 is less than or equal to -100, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is -150, the comparison result is true. Consequently, B020 is turned ON.

If the data of D0125 is 0, the comparison result is false. Consequently, B0020 is turned OFF.



Logic Instructions

Logic AND

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds logical AND of A and B, and stores the result in C.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C AND √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B0012 is ON, logical AND operation is executed for the data of BW012 and the constant

data -256, and the result is stored in D0030.

If the data of BW012 is 13398, the result 13312 is stored in D0030.



Logic OR

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds logical OR of A and B, and stores the result in C.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C AND √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B012 is ON, logical OR operation is executed for the data of BW13 and BW20, and the

result is stored in D0031.

If the data of BW13 is H5678 and BW20 is H4321, the result H5779 is stored in D0031.



Logic Exclusive OR

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds logical exclusive OR of A and B, and stores the result

in C.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C AND √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:



When B012 is ON, exclusive OR operation is executed for the data of D1000 and D0300, and the

result is stored in D1000.

If the data of D1000 is H5678 and D0300 is H4321, the result H1559 is stored in D1000.

Logic Shift – 1 bit shift right

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is shifted 1 bit to the right (LSB direction). 0 is

stored in the left most bit (MSB). The pushed out bit state is stored in the carry flag (CF = S976).

After the operation, if the right most bit (LSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.


Input Operation Output CF


Execution When LSB = 1 ON Set or Reset

ON When LSB = 0 OFF Set or Reset

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

When X007 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW15 is shifted 1 bit to the right.

The figure below shows an operation example.

Logic Shift – 1 bit shift left

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is shifted 1 bit to the left (MSB direction). 0 is

stored in the right most bit (LSB). The pushed out bit state is stored in the carry flag (CF = S976).

After the operation, if the left most bit (MSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.




ON Execution When MSB = 1 ON Set or Reset

When MSB = 0 OFF Set or Reset

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X008 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW15 is shifted 1 bit to the left.


Logic Shift – n bits shift right

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is shifted n bits to the right (LSB direction) including

the carry flag (CF = S976), and stored in B. 0 is stored in upper n bits. After the operation, if the

right most bit (LSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.




ON Execution When LSB = 1 ON Set or Reset

When LSB = 0 OFF Set or Reset

Operand:





X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Shift bits 1-16

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X007 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW18 is shifted 5 bits to the right and the

result is stored in BW20.


Logic Shift – n bits shift left

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is shifted n bits to the left (MSB direction) including

the carry flag (CF = S976), and stored in B. 0 is stored in lower n bits. After the operation, if the

left most bit (MSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.








Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Shift bits 1-16

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X007 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW18 is shifted 3 bits to the left and the



Shift Register

Expression:


Function:

While the enable input is ON, this instruction shifts the data of the bit table, size n starting with

A, 1 bit to the left (upper address direction) when the shift input is ON. The state of the data

input is stored in A. The pushed out bit state is stored in the carry flag (CF = S976).

When the enable input is OFF, all bits in the table and the carry flag are reset to OFF.





OFF Reset all bits in the bit table OFF Reset

ON When the shift input is ON Shift execution ON Set or Reset

When the shift input is OFF No execution OFF ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Leading

Device √ √ √

n Device Size 1-64

Example:

32 devices starting with B100 (B100 to B131) is specified as a shift register.

When B010 is OFF, the data of the shift register is reset to 0. (B100 to B131 are reset to OFF).

The carry flag (CF = S976) is also reset to OFF.

While B010 is ON, the data of the shift register is shifted 1 bit to the upper address direction

when X009 is changed from OFF to ON. At the same time, the state of X008 is stored in the

leading bit (B100).

The output (B011) indicates the state of the last bit (B131).

The figure below shows an operation example. (When X009 is changed from OFF to ON).

Note: When the shift input is ON, the shift operation is performed every scan. Use a transitional

contact for the shift input to detect the state changing.



For the data input and the shift input, direct linking to a connecting point is not allowed. In this

case, insert a dummy contact (always ON special device = S04F, etc.) just before the input.

Bi-directional Shift Register

Expression:


Function:

While the enable input (E) is ON, this instruction shifts the data of the bit table, size n starting

with A, 1 bit when the shift input (S) is ON. The shift direction is determined by the state of the

direction input (L).

When L is OFF, the direction is right (lower address direction).

When L is ON, the direction is left (upper address direction).

The state of the data input (D) is stored in the highest bit if right shift, and stored in the lowest

bit A if left shift. The pushed out bit state is stored in the carry flag (CF = S976).

When the enable input (E) is OFF, all bits in the table and the carry flag are reset to O.



OFF Reset all bits in the bit table OFF Reset

ON S = ON L = ON Shift left execution Highest bit state Set or Reset



L = OFF Shift right execution Lowest bit state Set or Reset

S = OFF No execution Highest bit state ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Leading

Device √ √ √

n Device Size 1-64

Example:

9 devices starting with B200 (B200 to B208) is specified as a shift register.

When B010 is OFF, the data of the shift register is reset to 0. (B200 to B208 are reset to OFF).

The carry flag (CF = S976) is also reset to OFF.

While B010 is ON the following operation is enabled:

- When X0011 is ON (shift left), the data of the shift register is shifted 1 bit to the upper address direction when X009 is changed from OFF to ON. At the same time, the state of X008 is stored in the leading bit (B200). The output (B012) indicates the state of the highest bit (B208).

- When X0011 is OFF (shift right), the data of the shift register is shifted 1 bit to the lower address direction when X009 is changed from OFF to ON. At the same time, the state of X008 is stored in the highest bit (B208). The output (B012) indicates the state of the lowest bit (B200).


(When X0011 is ON and X009 is changed from OFF to ON).



(When X0011 is OFF and X009 is changed from OFF to ON)

Note: When the shift input is ON, the shift operation is performed every scan. Use a transitional

contact for the shift input to detect the state changing.

For the data input, the shift input and the enable input, direct linking to a connecting point is not allowed. In this case, insert a dummy contact (always ON special device = S04F, etc.) just before the input.

1 bit rotate right

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is rotated 1 bit to the right (LSB direction). The

pushed out bit state is stored in the left most bit (MSB) and in the carry flag (CF = S976). After

the operation, if the right most bit (LSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.








Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X007 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW15 is rotated 1 bit to the right.


1 bit rotate left

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is rotated 1 bit to the left (MSB direction). The

pushed out bit state is stored in the right most bit (LSB) and in the carry flag (CF = S976). After

the operation, if the left most bit (MSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.








Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X008 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW15 is rotated 1 bit to the left.


n bits rotate right

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is rotated n bits to the right (LSB direction), and

stored in B. After the operation, if the right most bit (LSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.








Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Shift bits 1-16

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X007 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW18 is rotated 5 bits to the right and the



n bits rotate left

Expression:




Function:

When the input is ON, the data of register A is rotated n bits to the left (MSB direction), and

stored in B.

After the operation, if the left most bit (MSB) is ON, the output is turned ON.






Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Shift bits 1-16

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X008 is changed from OFF to ON, the data of BW18 is rotated 3 bits to the left and the





Conversion Instructions

Hex to ASCII Conversion

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the hexadecimal data of n registers starting with A is converted into ASCII

characters and stored in B and after. The uppermost digit of source A is stored in lower byte of

destination B, and followed in this order. The allowable range of n is 1 to 32.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Data Size 1-32

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, 4 words data of D0100 to D0103 are converted into ASCII characters, and

stored in 8 words registers starting with D0220.

Note: If index register (I, J or K) is used for the operand A, only n = 1 is allowed



ASCII to Hex Conversion

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the ASCII characters stored in n registers starting with A is converted into

hexadecimal data and stored in B and after. The lower byte of source A is stored as uppermost

digit of destination B, and followed in this order. The allowable ASCII character in the source

table is “0” (H30) to “9” (H39) and “A” (H41) to “F” (H46). The allowable range of n is 1 to 64.




ON Normal Execution ON ---

Conversion Data Error

(no execution)

OFF Set

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Data Size 1-64


Example:

When B011 is ON, the ASCII characters stored in 8 words of D0300 to D0307 are converted into

hexadecimal data, and stored in 4 words registers starting with BW040.



Note:

If index register (I, J or K) is used for the operand A, only n = 1 is allowed.

If n is odd number, lower 2 digits of the last converted data will not be fixed, Use even for n

Absolute Value

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds the absolute value of operand A, and stores it in B.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

When X006 is ON, the absolute value of BW38 is stored in D0121.

For example, if BW38 is -12000, the absolute value 12000 is stored in D0121.

Note: The data range of A is -32768 to 32767. If the data of A is -32768, then 32767 is stored in

B.

2’s Complement

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds the 2’s compliment value of A, and stores it in B.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X007 is ON, the 2’s complement value (sign inverted data) of BW39 is stored in D0122.

For example, if BW38 is 4660, the 2’s complement value -4660 is stored in D0122.

2’s complement data is calculated as follows.

Note: The data range of A is -32768 to 32767. If the data of A is -32768, the same data -32768 is

stored in B.

Double-word 2’s Complement

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds the 2’s complement value of double-word data

A+1×A, and stores it in B+1×B..




ON Execution ON

Operand:





X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √


Example:

When X007 is ON, the 2’s complement value (sign inverted data) of double-word register

BW41×BW40 is stored in double-word register D0051×D0050.

For example, if BW41×BW40 is -1234567890, the 2’s complement value 1234567890 is stored in

D0051×D0050.

Note: The data range of A+1× A is -2147483648 to 2147483647. If the data of A+1× A is -

2147483648, the same data -2147483648 is stored in B+1× B.

7 Segment Decode

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction converts the lower 4 bits data of A into the 7 segment

code, and stores it in B. The 7 segment code is normally used for a numeric display LED.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When X000 is ON, the lower 4 bits data of BW15 is converted into the 7 segment code, and the

result is stored in lower 8 bits of BW10. 0 is stored in upper 8 bits of BW10.

For example, if BW15 is H0009, the corresponding 7 segment code H006F is stored in BW1.

The 7 segment code conversion table is shown on the next page.



ASCII Conversion

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction converts the alphanumeric characters into the ASCII

codes, and stores them in the register table starting with B. (16 characters maximum).




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Characters √

B Start of


Example:

When B030 is ON, the characters ‘ABCDEFGHIJKLMN’ is converted into the ASCII codes, and the

result is stored in 8 registers starting with lower 8 bits (byte) of D0200 (D0200 to D0207).

The previous data remains unchanged

Note: Only the number of bytes converted are stored. The rest are not changed. In the above example, 14 characters are converted into 14 bytes of ASCII code, and these ASCII codes are stored in 7 registers (D0200 to D0206). The data of D0207 remains unchanged.



Binary Conversion

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction converts the 4 digits of BCD data of A into binary, and

stores in B. If any digit of A contains non-BCD code (other than H0 through H9), the conversion is

not executed and the instruction error flag (ERF = S1010) is set to ON.





BCD data error OFF Set

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source (BCD) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ H0000-

9999

B Destination

(binary) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B017 is ON, the BCD data of BW28 is converted into binary data, and the result is stored

in D0127.

For example, if BW28 is H1234, the binary data 1234 is stored in D0127.

Note: If any digit of operand A contains non-BCD data, e.g. H13A6, the conversion is not

executed and the instruction error flag (ERF = S1010) is set to ON.



BCD Conversion

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction converts the binary data of A into BCD, and stores in B. If

the data of A is not in the range of 0 to 9999, the conversion is not executed and the instruction

error flag (ERF = S1010) is set to ON.





BCD data error OFF Set

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source

(binary) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-9999

B Destination

(BCD) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B019 is ON, the data of D0211 is converted into 4-digit BCD, and the result is stored in

BW22.

For example, if D0211 is 5432, the BCD data H5432 is stored in BW22.

Note: If the data of A is smaller than 0 or greater than 9999, the conversion is not executed and the instruction error flag (ERF = S1010) is set to ON.



Integer to Float

Expression:


Function:

Converts integer data in register A to floating point format and stores the result in register B.

Data Format:

Operand A is interpreted as a 32bit signed integer, Range: -2147483648 to 2147483647.

Operand B is a floating point number.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W R

A Source

(binary) √ √ √

B Destination

(BCD) √ √ √

Example:

When X006 is ON, the integer value in BW38 will be converted to floating point format and

stored in D0012.

Float to Integer

Expression:




Function:

Converts a floating point number from register A to a double word signed integer and stores the

result in register B. The converted value is set to the equivalent float value rounded to the

nearest integer.

If the floating point value is outside of the range for a double word signed integer (-2147483648

to 2147483647) the maximum or minimum value is written to operand B and the output is set

OFF. If the float value is within the range of a double word signed integer the value is converted

and the output is set ON.

Data Format:

Operand A is a floating point number, and is converted to a double word signed integer. Range: -

2147483648 to 2147483648




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W R

A Source

(binary) √ √ √

B Destination

(BCD) √ √ √

Example:

When X006 is ON, the floating point value in BW38 will be converted to a double word signed

integer and the result is stored in D0012.

For example if the float value is 13.7, it is converted to 14. If the float value is 12.3 it is converted

to 12.



Timer Instructions

ON Timer

Expression:


Function:

While the input is ON the elapsed time (operand B) is incremented. When the preset value

(operand A) is reached; the output is set ON, the timer bit is set ON, and the elapsed time stops

incrementing. When the input returns to OFF; the elapsed time (operand B) is reset to zero, the

output is set OFF and the timer bit is cleared.

The available data range for operand A is 0 to 32767.



OFF No operation (timer is not updating) OFF

ON Elapsed time < preset time (timer is updating) ON

Elapsed time > preset time (timer is not updating) OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Preset Time √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-32767

B Elapsed Time √

Example:

Y021 (and the timer device T.000) is turned ON 2 seconds after X000 came ON.



Preset Less than

time (2s) preset time

Note:

Time is set in 10 ms units for;

T000 to T060 (0 to 327.67 s)


T061 to T190 (0 to 3276.7 s)

Time is set in 1 s units for;

T191 to T255 (0 to 32767 s)

Multiple timer instructions (TON, TOF or TSS) with the same timer register are not

allowed.

OFF Timer

Expression:


Function:

When the input is turned ON; the output is turned on, the elapsed time (Operand B) is set to

zero, and the timer bit is set ON. When the input is changes to OFF the elapsed time (Operand

B) begins incrementing. If the elapsed time reaches the preset value (Operand A); the elapsed

time stops incrementing, the output is turned OFF, and the timer bit is turned OFF.






OFF Elapsed time < preset time (timer is updating) ON


ON No operation (timer is not updating) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Preset Time √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-32767

B Elapsed Time √

Example:

Y021 (and the timer device T.002) is turned OFF 1 second after X000 came ON.

Note:


T000 to T060 (0 to 327.67 s)


T061 to T190 (0 to 3276.7 s)


T191 to T255 (0 to 32767 s)

Multiple timer instructions (TON, TOF or TSS) with the same timer register are not

allowed.



Single Shot Timer

Expression:


Function:

When the input changes form OFF to ON; the output is turned ON, the timer bit is set ON, and

the timer (Operand B) begins to increment. The elapsed time continues to increment, regardless

of the state of the input, until the preset value (Operand A) is reached.

When the elapsed time (Operand B) reaches the preset time (Operand A); the elapsed time

stops incrementing, the output is turned OFF, and the timer bit is set OFF.

After the preset time is reached, if the input changes from ON to OFF the elapsed time is set to

zero. If the output changes from OFF to ON the timer begins incrementing again from zero, and

the output and timer bit is set ON.




OFF Elapsed time < preset time (timer is updating) ON


ON Elapsed time < preset time (timer is updating) ON


Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Preset Time √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-32767

B Elapsed Time √

Example:




Preset Less than time (1s) preset time (1s)

Note:


T000 to T060 (0 to 327.67 s)


T061 to T190 (0 to 3276.7 s)


T191 to T255 (0 to 32767 s)

Note: Multiple timer instructions (TON, TOF or TSS) with the same timer register are not

allowed.

Counter Instructions

Counter

Expression:


Function:

While the enable input is ON, this instruction counts the number of the count input changes

from OFF to ON. The count value is stored in the counter register B. When the count value

reaches the set value A, the output and the counter device corresponding to B are turned ON.

When the enable input comes OFF, B is cleared to 0 and the output and the counter device are

turned OFF.






OFF No operation (B is cleared to 0) OFF

ON Count value (B) < set value (A) OFF

Count value (B) > set value (A) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Set Value √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 0-65535

B Count Value √

Example:


Note:

No transitional contact is required for the count input. The count input rising edge is

detected by this instruction.

For the count input, direct linking to a connecting point is not allowed. In this case,

insert a dummy contact (always ON = S04F, etc.) just before the input.

Refer to Note of Shift register FUN 074.

Multiple counter instructions (CNT) with the same counter register are not allowed



Up/Down Counter

Expression:


Function:

This instruction implements a counter that can count up or down, storing the value in the target

counter (A) register:

Enable input (E)- When ON, counter increments/decrements value in target counter once every scan (while Count Input is ON)

Count input (C) - Controls the counting. Note: use a Rising Edge or Falling Edge instruction after input coil if you want the counter to update only when Count input changes state.

Ex:

Direction input (U) – Determines if counting up (input coil is ON) or counting down (input coil is OFF).

The count value range is 0 to 65535. The output (Q) turns ON if the Enable input (E) is ON and at

least one count (C) has occurred. Output remains ON until Enable input is OFF. Value in target

counter register (A) clears to 0, when Enable input is OFF.


Input (E) Operation Output

OFF No operation (Counter A is cleared to 0) OFF

ON If value in counter A = 0 or A = 65535 OFF

If value is 1 < counter A < 65535 ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Count Value √

Example:

Note:

The transitional contact is required for the count input. Otherwise, counting is executed every scan while X005 is ON in this example.

For the direction input and the count input, direct linking to a connecting point is not allowed.

Program Control Instructions

Subroutine Call

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction calls the subroutine number n.






ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

n Subroutine

number √ (note)

Example:

When X007 is ON, the subroutine number 8 is called. When the program execution is returned

from the subroutine, the output is turned ON.

Main Program Subroutine

Note: The possible subroutine number is 0 to 255. Refer to the SUBR instruction.

The CALL instruction can be used in an interrupt program. However, it is not allowed that the

same subroutine is called from an interrupt program and from main program.

Subroutine Return

Expression:




Function:

This instruction indicates the end of a subroutine. When program execution is reached this

instruction, it is returned to the original CALL instruction.



--- Execution ---

Operand:


Example:

When X007 is ON, the subroutine number 8 is called. When the program execution is returned

from the subroutine, the output is turned ON.

Main Program Subroutine

Note:

Refer to the SUBR instruction.

The RET instruction can be programmed only in the program type ‘Subroutine’.

The RET instruction must be connected directly to the left power rail.

FOR (For next loop)

Expression:




Function:

When the input is ON, the program segment between FOR and NEXT is executed n times

repeatedly in a scan. When the input is OFF, the repetition is not performed. However, the

segment is executed once.



OFF No repetition OFF

ON Repetition ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

n Repetition

number √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 1-32767

Example:

When B005 is ON, the program segment between FOR and NEXT is executed 30 times in a scan.

Executed 30 times in a scan when B005 is

ON.

When B005 is OFF, the program segment between FOR and NEXT is still executed once per scan.



NEXT (For-Next loop)

Expression:


Function:

This instruction configures a FOR-NEXT loop.

If the input is OFF, the repetition is forcibly broken, and the program execution is moved to the

next instruction.



OFF Forcibly breaks the repetition OFF

ON Repetition ON

Operand:


Example:

When B005 is ON, the program segment between FOR and NEXT is executed 30 times in a scan.

In the above example, the rung 3 is executed 30 times. As a result, the data of D0000 to D0029

are transferred to D0500 to D0529. (Block transfer).

Note:

The FOR instruction must always have a corresponding NEXT instruction.

Nesting of the FOR-NEXT loop is not allowed. That is, the FOR instruction cannot be used

in a FOR-NEXT loop.

The FOR and NEXT instructions cannot be programmed on the same rung.

The following connection is not allowed:



Master Control Set/Reset

,

Expression:


Function:

When the MCS input is ON, ordinary operation is performed. When the MCS input is OFF, the

state of left power rail between MCS and MCR is turned OFF.


MCS

Input

Operation Output

OFF Sets OFF the left power rail until MCR ---

ON Ordinary operation ---

Operand:


Example:

When X000 is OFF, Y021 and Y022 are turned OFF regardless of the states of X001 and X002.

Equivalent circuit:


Note:

MCS and MCR must be used as a

pair.

Nesting is not allowed.

Jump Control Set/Reset

,

Expression:


Function:

When the JCS input is ON, instructions between JCS and JCR are skipped (not executed). When

the JCS input is OFF, ordinary operation is performed.


JCS Input Operation Output

OFF Ordinary operation ---

ON Skip to JCR instruction ---

Operand:


Example:

When X000 is ON, Rung 2 circuit is skipped. Therefore Y021 does not change state regardless of

the X001 state.



When X000 is OFF, Y021 is controlled by the X001 state.

Note:

JCS and JCR must be used as a pair.

Nesting is not allowed.

Enable Interrupt

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction allows the execution of user designated interrupt

operations (i.e. timer interrupt and I/O interrupt programs) that may have been temporarily

disabled using the Disable Interrupt function.




ON Execution ON

Operand:


Example:

In the above example, the DI instruction disables all Timer and I/O interrupts. Then the EI

instruction enables the interrupts again. As a result, Rung 2 instructions are executed without

possible interrupts disrupting the process.

Note:



Refer to the Disable Interrupt (DI) instruction.

If an interrupt request occurs when the interrupt is disabled, the interrupt is kept waiting and it will be executed just after the EI instruction is executed.

The Enable Interrupt (EI) instruction can be used only in the main program

Disable Interrupt

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction disables the execution of user designated interrupt

operation, i.e. timer interrupt program and I/O interrupt programs.




ON Execution ON

Operand:


Example:

In the above example, the interrupt is disabled when B000 is ON, and it is enabled when B000 is

OFF.

Note:

Refer to the Enable Interrupt (EI) instruction.

If an interrupt request occurs when the interrupt is disabled, the interrupt is kept waiting and it will be executed just after the EI instruction is executed.

The Disable Interrupt (DI) instruction can be used only in the main program.



Watchdog timer reset

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction extends the watchdog timer reset time. A watchdog timer

is a timer that runs in the background. If the timer reaches its preset timeout value, then it

forces a re-initialization of the HMC7000. This is a safety feature that forces the unit back to a

known state in case something unexpected happens. Therefore, under normal conditions, the

watchdog timer would never time out before it was reset by the HMC7000. However, you may

have an unusually long ladder logic program or a subroutine that causes the scan time to exceed

200 msec. This instruction can be used to extend the watchdog timeout by multiple of 1msec.

(i.e. if n = 1 => 201ms; if n = 100 => 300ms).




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

n Extend time 1-100

Example:

When B020 is ON, the scan time detection time is extended by 10 msec. (for a total of 210

msec).

Note:

The operand n specifies the extended time.

The normal watchdog timeout is 200 ms



Step Sequence Initialize

Expression:

Space Requirement: 1 line x 3 column Location Requirement: Middle

Function:

When the input is ON, n devices starting with Operand A are reset to OFF, and A is set to ON.

This instruction is used to initialize a series of step sequences. The step sequence is useful to

describe a sequential operation.




ON Execution at the rising edge of the input ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

n Size of Step

Sequence 1-64

A Start Device √

Example:

When B020 changes from OFF to ON, B400 is set to ON and the next 9 devices (B401 to B409)

are reset to OFF.

This instruction initializes a series of step sequence, 10 devices starting with B400.



10 devices starting with B400

Note:

The STIZ instruction is used together with STIN and STOT instructions to configure the step sequence.

The STIZ instruction is executed only when the input is changed from OFF to ON.

Step Sequence Input

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON and the device A is ON; the output is set to ON.




ON When A is ON ON

When A is OFF OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Step Device √



Example:

The following sequential operation is performed.

When B020 is changed from OFF to ON, B400 is set to ON and subsequent 9 devices (B401 to

B409) are reset to OFF.

When X004 comes ON, B400 is reset to OFF and B401 is set to ON.

When both X005 and B022 are ON, B401 is reset to OFF and B402 is set to ON.

Step Sequence Output

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the device A is set to ON and the devices of STIN instructions on the same

rung are reset to OFF.



OFF No execution ---



ON Execution ---

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Step Device √

Example:

See example on STIN instruction.

Note:

The STIZ, STIN and STOT instructions are used together to configure the step sequence.

Two or more STOT instructions can be placed on one rung to perform simultaneous sequences.

Two or more STIN instructions can be placed on one rung in parallel or in series to perform loop of sequences. (Max. 11 STIN instructions on one rung)

To perform the conditional branch (sequence selection), separate the rungs as follows

Not allowed Available



Functions Instructions

Moving Average

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction calculates the average value of the last (n) scanned values

in register A, and stores the average in register C. The number of scans (n) allowed is 1 to 64.

Register B is the start of the data table, (where scanned values are stored). Finally, Register C+1

is used as a pointer to the data table.

This instruction is primarily used for filtering analog input signals.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Input Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

n Input Data 1-64

B Start of

Table √ √ √ √ √ √

C Output Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:



Register XW04 (A) is read during every scan of the ladder logic. Number of scans (n) is set to 5.

The start of the data table (B) is D0900. Therefore, registers D0900-D0904 are used to store the

values read from XW04. D0010 (C) is used to store the calculated average and D0011 (C+1) is

used by this instruction as a pointer:

Digital Filter

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction calculates the following formula to perform digital

filtering for input data A, using filter constant B, and stores the result in C.

Yn = (1 - FL) * Xn + (FL * Yn-1) where

Xn is the input data specified by A

FL is the filter constant; 1/10000 of value B (data range: 0 to 9999)

Yn is the computed result, stored in C

Yn-1 is result from the last scan

C+1 and C+2 are used for internal data computations

This instruction is used for filtering analog input signals.






ON Execution (PLC7000 Series is limited within range of 0

to 9999).

ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Input Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Filter

Constant √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Output Data √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

The filtered data of XW04 is stored in D0110. (D0111 is used for internal work data).

When D0100 value is small When D0100 value is large

Time Time



PID1

Expression:


Function:

This function performs a PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative) calculation based upon

fourteen input values. A PID controller is used to monitor some measureable process variable in

a control system and determine how it varies (the “error” value) from a desired setpoint. The

PID controller then adjusts an input to the control system to minimize the error value. The name

is derived from the three basic mathematical functions that are performed in order to derive the

output:

Generally, the Proportional value tracks the present error, the Integral value tracks the

accumulation of past errors, and the Derivative value predicts future error based upon the

current rate of change. MAPware-7000 provides three PID controller instructions that are based

upon three different formulas.

PID1 is based upon the following formula:

--------P--------|------------------I-----------------|---------------------D-------------------|

M= Kp * (e-e-1) + INT ( | Kil | * e + Ir / |Kih| ) + INT [ (|Kdh| / |Kdl|) * (2P-1-P-P-2)]

where:

M= manipulated variable or control value

Kp = the proportional gain constant

e = deviation or error value

e-1 = deviation of prior computation

Kih = the integral gain constant (high limit value)

Kil = the integral gain constant (low limit value)



Kdh = the derivative gain constant (high limit value)

Kdl = the derivative gain constant (low limit value)

Ir = the data remainder of the Integral computation

S = setpoint value

P = Process Variable

P-1 = the Process Variable at the prior computation

P-2 = Process Variable at the second to the last computation

G = gap constant at which the deviation error is considered to be zero (i.e. no

adjustment required). If the calculated error falls within +G, then the deviation is set to

0 (see graph below).

L = limit constant used to limit the deviation error to minimum/maximum value. In other

words, if the calculated deviation error e is greater or less than L, then e is set to L.

Notes:

The INT symbol refers to the integer quotient after division. For example, the integer quotient of INT (18/5) is 3.

The absolute value symbol (ex. |Kil|) is used to indicate that the absolute value is used for the computation.

If KIH=0 the integral calculation is not executed.

If KDL=0 the derivative calculation is not executed.

All ranges are considered to be -32767 to +32768. If the output value M is calculated to be outside of this range, then the lower/upper range limit is used.



OFF Initialization OFF

ON Execute PID every setting interval ON when

execution



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Top of Input

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Top of

Parameter √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Top of

Output Data √ √ √ √ √ √

Input Data

A Process

Variable

P

A+1 Setpoint S

Control Parameters

B Proportional

gain constant

KP

B+1 Integral

coefficient

high

KIH

B+2 Integral

coefficient

low

KIL

B+3 Derivative

coefficient

high

KDH

B+4 Derivative

coefficient

low

KDL

B+5 Gap Constant G

B+6 Limit

Constant

L

Output Data

C Manipulated

Variable

M

C+1 Last deviation

error

e-1

C+2 Last Process

Variable Value

P-

1

C+3 Second to last

Process

Variable value

P-

2

C+4 Remainder

Value

IR



Example:

In this example, the following values are loaded into each Operand register:

Operand A

Offset Parameter Register Value

A Process Variable D12 25

A+1 Setpoint D13 100

Operand B


B Proportional Coefficient D14 1

B+1 Integral Gain Constant High D15 4

B+2 Integral Gain Constant Low D16 10

B+3 Derivative Gain Constant Low D17 20

B+4 Derivative Gain Constant High D18 5

B+5 Gap Constant D19 0

B+6 Limit Constant D20 100

Operand C


C Manipulated Variable D21 0

C+1 Last deviation error D22 78

C+2 Last Present Value D23 22

C+3 2nd to last Present Value D24 20

C+4 Remainder Value D25 0

When the normally open contact B4 is ON, the PID1 calculation is performed based upon the

formula given above and the values entered into the registers. The results are stored in the five

consecutive registers as specified by Operand C.



Operand C Results:




C+2 Last Process Variable value D23 25

C+3 2nd to last Process Variable value D24 22

C+4 Remainder Value D25 2

PID4

Expression:


Function:

This function performs PID (Proportional, Integral, and Derivative) control which is a

fundamental method of feed-back control.

The basic idea behind the PID controller is to read a sensor, then compute the desired actuator

output by calculating proportional, integral, and derivative responses, then sum those three

components to derive an output value.

PID4 is based upon the following formula:

--P--|------------------I---------------------|---------D----------|

M= M-1 + KP * (e – e-1 + (e/TI) * (TS+1)) + KD(e – 2e-1 + e-2)

where:

M= Manipulated Variable (range: 0 to 4095)

M-1= previous calculated Manipulated Variable (range: 0 to 4095)

Kp = the proportional gain constant (range: -32768 to +32767)



e = deviation or error value;

if Action Type = reverse action then e=S-P;

if Action Type = forward action then e=P-S

A = Action Type (range: 0 for forward, 1 for reverse); this determines if the manipulation

value increases/decreases as the present value increases. For example, if you have an

electric heater, you would want the manipulation value to increase as temperature goes

down (i.e. reverse action so e=S-P). On the other hand, if you have a control valve used

to put cold air into a system, you would want the manipulation value to decrease as

temperature goes down (i.e. forward action so e=P-S).

e-1 = deviation of prior computation (range: -32768 to +32767)

e-2 = deviation of second to last computation (range: -32768 to +32767)

TI = integral time value (range: 0 to +32767)

TS = the scan interval (range: 0 to +32767)

KD = the derivative gain constant (range: -32768 to +32767)

S = setpoint value (range: -32768 to +32767)

P = Process Variable (range: -32768 to +32767)

GP = the gap or dead-band value. A dead-band limit causes the PID instruction to only

execute when the error value is less than the dead-band value. The dead band must be

given as a percentage of the setpoint value (i.e. range is 0 to 100). For example, if

GP=10, and S=200, then 10% of 200 is 20, so the dead-band gap is the range of 180-220.

Note:

When the PID instruction is not executed, the manipulation variable (M) is set automatically to 0 or 4095, depending upon:

if S > P then M=4095

if P > S then M=0



OFF Initialization OFF



ON Execute PID every setting interval ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Top of Input

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Top of

Parameter √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Top of

Output Data √ √ √ √ √ √

Input Data

A Process

Variable

P

A+1 Setpoint S

Control Parameters

B Proportional

gain constant

KP

B+1 Integral time TI

B+2 Derivative

gain

KD

B+3 Dead-band

gap

GP

B+4 Scan Interval TS

B+5 Action Type A

Output Data

C Manipulated

Variable

M

C+1 Last deviation

error

e-1

C+2 Second to last

deviation error

e-2

C+3 Prior

Manipulation

value

M-1

Example:

In this example, the following values are loaded into each Operand register:



Operand A


A Process Variable D26 25

A+1 Setpoint Value D27 100

Operand B


B Proportional Coefficient D28 1

B+1 Integral Time D29 3

B+2 Derivative Gain D30 10

B+3 Dead-band Gap D31 10

B+4 Scan Interval D32 200

B+5 Action Type D33 0

Operand C




C+2 2nd to last deviation error D36 78

C+3 Last Manipulated Variable Value D37 180

When the normally open contact B6 is ON, the PID4 calculation is performed based upon the

formula given above and the values entered into the registers. The results are stored in the four

consecutive registers as specified by Operand C.

Operand C Results:


C Manipulated Variable Value D34 4095

C+1 Last deviation error D35 -75



C+2 2nd to last deviation error D36 75

C+3 Last Manipulated Variable Value D37 0

Upper Limit

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this function compares the value in A with the Upper Limit value as set in

B. If the upper limit value is not exceeded, then value in A is placed into C. If upper limit is

exceeded, the upper limit value is placed into C:

If A < B, then C = A.

If A > B, then C = B.




ON Execution: not limited (A<B) OFF

Execution: limited (A>B) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Upper Limit √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

When B030 is ON, the upper limit operation is executed for the data of BW018 by the data of

D1200, and the result is stored in BW021.

When BW018 is 3000 and D1200 is 4000, 3000 is stored in BW021 and B0040 is OFF.

When BW018 is 4500 and D1200 is 4000, the limit value 4000 is stored in BW021 and B0040 is

ON.

Note:

This instruction deals with the data as signed integer (-32768 to 32767).

Lower Limit

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this function compares the value in A with the Lower Limit value as set in

B. If the lower limit value is not exceeded, then value in A is placed into C. If lower limit is

exceeded, the lower limit value is placed into C:

If A > B, then C = A.

If A < B, then C = B.






ON Execution: not limited (A>B) OFF

Execution: limited (A<B) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Operation

Data √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Lower Limit √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Destination √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B031 is ON, the lower limit operation is executed for the data of BW019 by the data of

D1220, and the result is stored in BW022.

When BW019 is -1000 and D1220 is -1800, -1000 is stored in BW022 and B0041 is OFF.

When BW019 is 800 and D1220 is 1200, the limit value 1200 is stored in BW022 and B0041 is

ON.

Note:




Maximum Value

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction searches for the maximum value from the table of size n

words starting with A, and stores the maximum value in B and the pointer indicating the

position of the maximum value in B+1. The allowable range of the table size n is 1 to 64.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of table √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

N Table size 1-64

B Result √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, the maximum value is found from the register table D0200 to D0209 (10

words), and the maximum value is stored in D0500 and the pointer is stored in D0501.



Note:


If there are two or more maximum values in the table, the lowest pointer is stored. o If Index registers I, J, or K are used as operand B, the pointer data is discarded.

Minimum Value

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction searches for the minimum value from the table of size n

words starting with A, and stores the minimum value in B and the pointer indicating the position

of the minimum value in B+1. The allowable range of the table size n is 1 to 64.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of table √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

N Table size 1-64

B Result √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

When B011 is ON, the minimum value is found from the register table D0200 to D0209 (10

words), and the minimum value is stored in D0510 and the pointer is stored in D0511.

Note:


If there is two or more minimum value in the table, the lowest pointer is stored.

If Index register K is used as operand B, the pointer data is discarded.

Average Value

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction calculates the average value of the data stored in the n

registers starting with A, and stores the average value in B. The allowable range of the table size

n is 1 to 64.




ON Execution ON

Operand:





X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of table √ √ √ √ √ √ √

N Table size 1-64

B Result √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B012 is ON, the average value of the data stored in the register table D0200 to D0209 (10

words), and the average value is stored in D0520.

Scale

Expression:


Function:

The Function Generator is used to compute a value f(x) for a given value x stored in Register A.

The value f(x) is then stored into Register C. The computed value is derived based upon a linear

equation as represented by several points in a table of consecutive registers (of size 2n)

beginning with Register B. The table of points represents the X and Y values of a plotted linear

graph. The first half of registers represents the X axis plot points. The second half represent the

Y axis plot points.






ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Input value x √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

N Parameter

Size 1-32

B Start of

parameters √ √ √ √ √ √ √

C Function

Value f(x) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, the FG instruction finds the function value f(x) for x = XW004, and stores the

result in D0100.

The function f(x) is defined by 2 * 4 = 8 parameters stored in D0600 to D0607. In this example,

these parameters are set at the first scan.

Parameter table

4 registers for x parameters and subsequent 4 registers for corresponding f(x)

parameters plotted on a graph:



The Function Generator instruction interpolates f(x) value for x based upon the

parameters of (xn, yn). For example, if XW04 is 1500 (x = 1500), the result 1405 (f(x) =

1405) is stored in D0100.

Notes:

The order of the x parameters should be x1 < x2 < ... < xi < ... < xn. In other words, the

data table should be constructed so the X values go from lowest value for X1 to the

highest value for Xn.

If input value in Register A is smaller than x1, then y1 is given as f(x). In this example, if

XW04 is less than D0600 (-2000), then value in D0100 would be D0604 data (-1800).

Similarly, if input value in Register A is greater than xn, then yn is given as f(x). In this

example, if XW04 is greater than D0603 (2000), then value in D0100 would be D0607

data (1800).

The valid data range is -32768 to 32767.



Data log upload

Expression:


Function:

The output of this instruction is a *.csv type file, which will be uploaded to a USB flash drive

connected to the HMC7000.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Date Time

tag √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Group (1-4) √ √ √ √ √ √ √ v √ √ √

C Filename √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

D Status

Register √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B000 is ON, the range of values from the selected group’s data file are uploaded to a USB

flash drive.



At least 16 tag registers are required to execute this instruction. The Date Time tag (Operand A)

is comprised of 12 consecutive registers. In the above example:

D00051 = Start Date

D00052 = Start Month

D00053 = Start Year (2-digits; 2016=16)

D00054 = Start Hour

D00055 = Start Minute

D00056 = Start Second

D00057 = End Date

D00058 = End Month

D00059 = End Year (2-digits; 2016=16)

D00060 = End Hour

D00061 = End Minute

D00062 = End Second

The Group No. (Operand B) corresponds to the group (1-4) defined in the Data Logger.

The Filename (Operand C) stores the name of the CSV file that is uploaded to the USB flash

drive. Up to 8 ASCII characters can be used (4 two-byte registers).

The Status register (Operand D) indicates the status code of the task such as task complete, task

is in execution, invalid date, invalid group number, USB stick is absent, etc.

Special Instructions

Device Set

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the device A is set to ON.






ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W


Example:

When B010 is ON, B025 is set to ON. The state of B025 remains ON even if B010 is set to OFF.

Device Reset

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the device A is reset to OFF.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W




Example:

When B011 is ON, B005 is reset to OFF. The state of B025 remains OFF even if B011 is set to

OFF.

Register Set

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data 0xFFFF is stored in Operand A.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Device √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, the data 0xFFFF is stored in BW20. (B320 to B335 are set to ON). The state of

BW20 remains even if B010 is set to OFF.



Register Reset

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the data 0 is stored in Operand A.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Device √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B011 is ON, the data 0 is stored in BW20. (B320 to B335 are reset to OFF). The state of

BW20 remains even if B011 is set to OFF.

Set Carry

Expression:




Function:

When the input is ON, the carry flag (CF = S000) is set to ON.




ON Execution ON

Operand:


Example:

When B011 is changed from OFF to ON, the carry flag S000 is set to ON.

Reset Carry

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the carry flag (CF = S000) is reset to OFF.




ON Execution ON

Operand:




Example:

When B011 is changed from OFF to ON, the carry flag S000 is reset to OFF.

Encode

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction finds the bit position of the most significant ON bit in a bit

table. The bit table is defined as starting with bit 0 (Least Significant Bit) of Register A, and of

size 2n (where n can be 1-8). The value is stored in Register B.





There is no ON bit (no execution) OFF Set

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of table √ √ √ √ √ √ √

N Table Size 1-8

B Encode

Result √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √



Example:

Since n=5, the size of the bit table is 25 (32) bits. The bit table starts with bit 0 of BW05 (since

BW05 is a 16 bit register, then BW06 is also part of the bit table). When B010 is ON, the most

significant ON (1) bit position in the bit table is searched, and the position is stored in D0010.

The following figure shows an operation example.

Note:

If there is no ON bit in the bit table, the instruction error flag (ERF = S034) is set to ON.

Decode

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction sets the bit, which is designated by the lower n bits of A,

to ON in the bit table of size 2n bits starting with 0 bit (LSB) of B, and resets all other bits to OFF.




ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W



A Decode

Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

N Table Size 1-8

B Start of

Table √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

25 (=32) bits starting with 0 bit of BW05 (B080 to B111) are defined as the bit table.

When B011 is ON, the bit position designated by lower 5 bits of D0011 in the bit table is

set to ON, and all other bits in the table are reset to OFF.


Bit Count

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, this instruction counts the number of ON (1) bits of A, and stores the

result in B.




ON Execution ON



Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Source √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Count Data √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B020 is ON, the number of ON (1) bits of the register BW032 is counted, and the result is

stored in D0102.


Flip Flop

Expression:


Function:

If the Set Input (S) is ON, the device A is set to ON. If the Reset Input (R) is ON, the device A is

reset to OFF.

If both the set and reset inputs are OFF, the device A remains in the current state.

If both the set and reset inputs are ON, the device A is reset to OFF.



The state of the output is the same as the device.


Set

Input

Reset

Input

Operation Output

OFF OFF No execution (A remains previous state)

ON Resets A to OFF Same as A

ON OFF Sets A to ON

ON Resets A to OFF

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W


Example:

When X003 is ON, B100 is set to ON. When X004 is ON, B0100 is reset to OFF. If both are ON,

B0100 is reset to OFF.

An example timing diagram is shown below:

Note: For the set input, direct linking to a connecting point is not allowed. In this case, insert a

dummy contact that is always ON, just before the input.



Direct I/O

Expression:


Function:

Under normal conditions, the external input (XW) and output (YW) registers are updated at the

beginning of each PLC ladder logic scan.

When the input is ON, this instruction immediately updates the target input (XW) or output

(YW) register.

For XW register ... reads the data from targeted input circuit

For YW register ... writes the data into targeted output circuit.


Set Input Operation Output


ON Execution ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

N Register Size 1

A Start of

Registers √ √

Example:

When B010 is ON, the XW00 register is updated immediately.

Note: The Direct I/O instruction can be programmed in the main program and in the interrupt

program. If this instruction is programmed in both, the instruction in the main program should

be executed in interrupt disable state. Refer to EI (Enable interrupt) and DI (Disable Interrupt)

instructions.



Set Calendar

Expression:


Function:

When the input is ON, the built-in clock/calendar is set to the date and time specified by 6

registers starting with A. If invalid data is contained in the registers, the operation is not

executed and the output is turned ON.


Set

Input

Operation Output

OFF No operation OFF

ON Execution (data is valid) OFF

No execution (data is not valid) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Start of

Table √ √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

When B020 is ON, the clock/calendar is set according to the data of D0050 to D0055, and the

output is OFF (B0031 is OFF).

If D0050 to D0055 contains invalid data, the setting operation is not executed and the output is

turned ON (B0031 comes ON).

D050 (first) to D055 (last) contains



Note:

The day of the week is automatically set accordingly:

Sunday = 1, Monday = 2, Tuesday = 3 ...Saturday = 7.

Currently following system registers (SW) are updated after 2 sec:

Modbus Slave Address SW Address Data

420011 SW10 Date (1 to 31)

420012 SW11 Month (1 to 12)

420013 SW12 Year (00 to 99 <> 2000 to

2099)

420014 SW13 Hour (0 to 23)

420015 SW14 Min (0 to 59)

420016 SW15 Sec (0 to 59)

420017 SW16 Day (1 to 7)

If there is any error then the RTC_Fail Flag (SW 03 Bit 02) is set to ON.

Calendar Operation

Expression:




Function:

Use this function to determine how many days, hours, minutes, and seconds have passed between the

date/time entered into Operand A and the current time in the RTC of the HMC7000. The result is stored

into Operand B.

When the input is ON, this instruction subtracts the date and time stored in 6 registers starting with A

from the current date and time, and stores the result in 6 registers starting with B. If an invalid data is

contained in the registers, the operation is not executed and the output is turned ON.


Set

Input

Operation Output

OFF No operation OFF

ON Execution (data is valid) OFF

No execution (data is not valid) ON

Operand:



X

W

Y

W

B

W

S

W T C D I J K

M

W

A Subtrahend √ √ √ √ √ √ √

B Result √ √ √ √ √ √

Example:

In this example, the current date/time in the HMC7000 unit is 5pm on January 15th, 1998. The

date/time stored in registers D0050-55 is 3:30pm on October 10th, 1997. How much time has

transpired between these dates? (see Answer below)

When B020 is ON, the date and time data recorded in D0050 to D0055 are subtracted from the

current date and time of the internal RTC. The result is stored in D0100 to D0105. During normal

operation, the output (B0035) is OFF. If D0050 to D0055 contain any invalid data, then operation

is not executed and the output (B0035) is turned ON.



Current date & time

Notes:

Future date and time cannot be used as subtrahend A.

In the calculation results, 1 year is 365 days and 1 month is 30 days.

Answer: 3 months (90 days) + 7 days + 1 hour + 30 minutes= 97 days, 1 hour, 30 minutes

1010-1041 Rev. 05

Maple Systems, Inc. | 808 134th St. SW, Suite 120, Everett, WA 98204 | 425.745.3229

Your Industrial Control Solutions Source _____________________

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