___________________________________________________________________________
2012/EPWG/SDMOF/002
Session 1
Lesson Learned from Major Disasters in Indonesia
Purpose: Information
Submitted by: Indonesia
6th Senior Disaster Management Officials
Forum
Vladivostok, Russia
9-10 October 2012
NATIONAL AGENCY FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT (BNPB)
MAJOR DISASTERS IN INDONESIAMAJOR DISASTERS IN INDONESIA
Date : Sunday, December 26th 2004
Earthquake Time : 07 58 48.38 Western
Indonesian Time
Epicentrum : 2.9 longitude – 95.6 BT In the
depth of : 20 km under water
149 km south of Meulaboh
Scale : 8,9 SR
EARTH QUAKE & TSUNAMI IN ACEH
Impact
•The stagnation of Provincial and district/Municipal Governments
•Casualties : dies > 128.803 people
missing > 37.066 people
displacement > 556.638 people
•The stagnation of social and economic activities
•People were panic, worried and stressed (psychological trouble)
•The damage and destroy of infrastructure
• Occurrence
–5,9 RS, May 27, 2006 at 5.58 West Time Zone
• Casualties
–Died 5.773 people
–Displacement 2.165.488 people
• Damage
–Heavy damage of house 129.799 unit
–Slightly damage of house 172.854 unit
–School 1.109 unit, Place of piety 1.674 unit
–Government office 1.302 unit and other public
facilities
EARTH QUAKE IN JOGJAKARTA & CENTRAL JAVA
EARTHQUAKE WEST SUMATERAEARTHQUAKE WEST SUMATERA
September 31, 2009
CASUALTIES
1.195 dies, 2 missing , 1.798 Injured
DAMAGES
House 271.540 units, Education Facility 4.625 units,
Religious Facility 2.488 units,
Medical Facility 395 units,
Governmental Facility 423
units, Road 285 internodes,
Bridge 61 units
DETAILS
7.9 SR (14:55 WIB) depth 30 Km, epicentrum 8.24
LS – 107.32 BT
HANDLING
Deliver Rapid Assessment Team and give
assistance to local
Government to establish
Command Post, coordinating
with local, national and
international stake holder.
ACCIDENT : Earthquake 7.2 RS and Tsunami
DATE, TIME : Monday, Oct 25 2010 21.42 WIB
EPICENTRUM : 78 Km South‐West of Pagai Selatan ‐
Mentawai
DEPTH : 10 Km
POTENTIAL HAZARD : Tsunami (12 m height, 600 m far from
shoreline)
MMI : VI‐VII Pagai Selatan, III ‐ IV Padang, III ‐
IV Pariaman, III Sungai Penuh, III
Bengkulu, II Kepahiang, II ‐ III Ketahun
HANDLING : people evacuation, medical treatment,
basic needs fulfillment,
shelters/barracks development,
infrastructures recovery, On‐Call
budget
CONSTRAINT : An island, high waves on the strait
DATE : Monday, Oct 25, 2010
AFFECTED AREAS : Yogyakarta Province (Sleman
Distric) dan Central Jawa (Klaten,
Magelang, Boyolali and
Temanggung)
STATUS : “BEWARE” Level IV (Oct 25 2010 to
Dec 03 2010)
CASUALTIES : 322 dies, 427 treated, 136.585
evacuated
DAMAGES : 3.099 houses, 217 schools, 7
markets, 15 health facilities, etc
HANDLING : people evacuation, medical
treatment, basic needs fulfillment,
shelters/barracks development,
infrastructures recovery, On‐Call
budget
FUTHER HANDLING: mud flood anticipation
TIME : 2006 – 2012
AFFECTED AREAS : Sumatera (Jambi, Riau, South
Sumatera) and Kalimantan/Borneo
IMPACTS : Haze pollution (cross country),
respiratory infections, flight disorder
RELIEF MEASURES : medical treatment, prevention, fire
extinguishing by land (fire fighter)
and air (water bombing), weather
modification technology, On‐Call
budget
Hotspot accumulation 1998 - 2010
Indonesia encounters Land and Forest FiresIndonesia encounters Land and Forest Fires
Haze spreading in 1997
THE PROFILE OF INDONESIATHE PROFILE OF INDONESIA
Facts and problem encountered :
1. Much of the economy is highly vulnerable to
earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
2. High rainfall in the west and dry zones in the
east are subject to recurring floods and
droughts
3. Deforestation and prolonged drought
intensity and increase the occurrence of
forest fires
Disaster events increased significantly.
70% hydro‐meteorological disasters
Trend disasters will increase in future with increasing global climate
change and environmental degradation.
82
122
190
896
692
888
1302
1835
533
814
744
The increasing frequency of
disasters burdens public finance
and the economy :
1. 2004 Aceh/Nias Tsunami : US $ 4.5 billion
2. 2006 Yogyakarta Earthquake : US $ 3.5 billion
3. 2009 Sumatra Earthquake : US $ 3.0 billion
4. 2010 Mt. Merapi Eruption : US $ 3.2 billion
5. 2010 Mentawai Tsunami : US $ 1.5 billion
6. 2010 West Papua Landslides : US $ 0.2 billion
7. Small7. Small––Medium Scale Disasters up to 2012 : US $ 1.3 billionMedium Scale Disasters up to 2012 : US $ 1.3 billion
CHALLENGES AHEAD
1. Population growth and urbanization increase
vulnerabilities
2. Weak zoning enforcement and poorly
maintained infrastructure contribute to the
problem
3. More frequent events + increased exposure +
lower coping capacity = Higher Impacts
4. Climate Change Factor increase the level of
risks
POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATIONPOLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION
10/11/2012
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
& POLICY
3. ESTABLISH LDMO IN 33 P & 491 D
4. IMPLEMENTATION OF PREVENTION
& MITIGATION PLAN ACCORDING TO
HFA
6. INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF
RECOVERY PROGRAM
7. TO PURSUE COMMUNITY
RESILIENCY
8. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATIONS
9. UTILIZATION OF MILITARY ASSETS
FOR DISASTER RELIEF
1. DISASTER MANAGEMENT LAW
5. ENHANCEMENT OF CAPACITY FOR
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
2. ESTABLISH 5 YEAR DM PLAN
LDMO = Local
Disaster Management
Office
ESTABLISHEMENT LDMO (BPBD)
IN PROVINCE AND DISTRIC LEVEL
• 33 P AND 435 D OF 33 P AND 491 D
• BPBD UNDER GOVERNOR OR MAYOR JURISDICTION
• MOST BPBD OPERASIONAL COST S ARE SUPPORTED
BY NATIONAL BUDGET
• BPBD Coordinate all agencies involved in DM activities
• BPBD should be the first responder when disaster
occurs and BNPB supports BPBD with Emergency
Response Fund
• BNPB should strengthen the capacity of BPBD
personnel's & equipments through regular trainings
on prevention, mitigation, response and recovery.
• International Cooperation's in capacity building BPBD
are conducted with UN System, International NGO as
well as invitation for oversees training offered by
other governments
Organization Framework of
BNPB and BPBD
18
PRESIDENT RI
Ministries/
Departments
GOVERNOR
BNPB
Non Departments
Institution
BUPATI/MAYOR
BPBD
Agencies
CAMAT
BPBD
Agencies
Head of Village
COMMUNITY
National
1
Provincial
33
District/Municipal
491 (401)
Sub District
Village
Implementation of Prevention and Mitigation
• The Implementation of
Hyogo Framework 5
Priorities for Action on
DRR has attained
substansial achievement
• Develop Public Private
Partnership in Disaster
Relief and Recovery
Process
• Develop Early Warning
System for Tsunami, Land‐
Slide, Volcanic Eruption,
Flood and Forest Fires that
all are linked to EOC’s
ENHANCHMENT THE CAPACITY
for EMERGENCY RESPONSE
• Capacity Building for Joint‐Rapid Assessment Teams (JRAT)
• Capacity Building for Rapid Response Unit (RRU) , most of the
members are stem from Military Personnel's by assignment .
There are 2 Units ready for action located in Jakarta and
Malang. They are only be deployed for major disasters.
• Provide mobile satellite base real‐time devices for JRAT and
RRU when deploying to affected areas..
• Support JRAT & RRU with Emergency Heli‐borne Photo
System
• Conduct Exercise for Disaster Relief at local, national and
international level with the involvement of military assets.
• Implement Clustering on ICS System
• Develop Sattelite‐Based Emergency Operation Center (EOC’s)
in National & District Levels.
Increase the Effectiveness
of Recovery Program
Shift attention to Immidiate Early
Recovery Measures
Assessment for Recovery is
conducted during Disaster Relief
Phase
Use Emergency Response Fund for
Early Recovery Program, especially
for housing and access roads.
Recovery are synchronized and
conducted by all sectors from
National and International,
including participation and donation
b P i t S t d
10/11/2012
PURSUE COMMUNITY RESILIENCE
1. Community Base Self‐Help/Rescue Groups
2. Community Leaders Risk Education
3. Religious Center Based Shelter Development
