36
LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

  • Upload
    ivie

  • View
    23

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES. Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA . AUSTRALIA. NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN AUSTRALIA. FLOODS. GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES. CYCLONES. EARTHQUAKES. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS

AUSTRALIAPART 2: CYCLONES

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna,

Virginia, USA 

Page 2: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

AUSTRALIA

Page 3: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN AUSTRALIADISASTERS IN AUSTRALIA

NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN AUSTRALIADISASTERS IN AUSTRALIA

FLOODS

CYCLONES

EARTHQUAKES

WILDFIRES

ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

HIGH BENEFIT/COST FROM BECOMING DISASTER NRESILIENT

HIGH BENEFIT/COST FROM BECOMING DISASTER NRESILIENT

GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES

GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIESAND COMMUNITIES

Page 4: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

Natural Phenomena that Cause Disasters

Planet Earth’s atmospheric-hydrospheric-lithospheric interactions create situations favorable for CYCLONES

Page 5: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

A DISASTER is ---

--- the set of failures that overwhelm the capability of a community to respond without external help  when three continuums: 1)  people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) complex events (e.g., cyclones, floods,...) intersect at a point in space and time.

Page 6: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

Disasters are caused by single- or multiple-event natural hazards that, (for various reasons), cause

extreme levels of mortality, morbidity, homelessness,

joblessness, economic losses, or environmental impacts.

Page 7: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

SEVERE WINDSTORM HAZARDS

Page 8: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

HIGH POTENTIAL LOSS EXPOSURES IN A CYCLONE

A communities people, property, essential and critical infrastructure, business enterprise, government centers, crops, wildlife, and natural resources.

Page 9: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

HAZARDS OF A SEVERE WINDSTORM (AKA POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS)

• WIND FIELD (CLOCKWISE DIRECTION; CAT 1 (55 mph) TO CAT 5 (155 mph or greater)

• STORM SURGE

• HEAVY RAINFALL

• LANDSLIDES (MUDFLOWS)

• COSTAL EROSION

• TORNADOES (SOMETIMES)

Page 10: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE

SEVERE WINDSTORMS

SEVERE WINDSTORMS

UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM

FLYING DEBRIS

STORM SURGE

IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN

DESIGN PROBLEMS

FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES

CAUSES OF DAMAGE

CAUSES OF DAMAGE

“DISASTER LABORATORIES”

“DISASTER LABORATORIES”

Page 11: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

AUSTRALIA’S AUSTRALIA’S COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIESAUSTRALIA’S AUSTRALIA’S COMMUNITIESCOMMUNITIES

DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•HAZARDS•INVENTORY AT RISK•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

CYCLONE RISK CYCLONE RISK

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

CYCLONE DISASTER CYCLONE DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•EARLY WARNING•EMERGENCY RESPONSE•RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION

POLICY OPTIONSPOLICY OPTIONS

Page 12: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL CYCLONES PREPAREDNESFOR THE EXPECTED AND UNEXPEDTED IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 13: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL CYCLONES EARLY WARNING IS ESSENTIAL FOR EVACUATION AND PREPARATION OF THE LAST LINE OF DEFENSE, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 14: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL CYCLONES

TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

Page 15: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

SOME OF AUSTRALIA’S WORST CYCLONES

Cyclone TRACY: 1974

Cyclone LARRY: 2006

Cyclone HAMISH: 2009

Page 16: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE TRACY

Page 17: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE TRACY’S PATH

Page 18: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

IMPACTS OF CYCLONE TRACY

• Cyclone Tracy devastated the city of Darwin in Australia’s Northern Territory from Christmas Eve to Christmas Day, 1974.

Page 19: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

IMPACTS OF TRACY

• Tracy killed 71 people, caused AS837 million in damage (1974 dollars) and destroyed more than 70 percent of Darwin's buildings, including 80 percent of the houses.

Page 20: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

IMPACTS OF TRACY

• More than 30,000 of Darwin’s 47,000 inhabitants were evacuated from Adelaide, Whvalla, Alice, Springs, and Sydney.

• Many never returned to Darwin.

Page 21: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

AFTER TRACY

Darwin was rebuilt using modern materials and updated building practices

that incorporated wind engineering

Page 22: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE LARRY

Page 23: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

QUEENSLAND

Page 24: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

Larry made landfall in far North Queensland close to

Innisfail on 20 March 2006 as a Category 4 with wind gusts reaching 240 kilometers per

hour (150 mph), and dissipating over land soon

afterward.

Page 25: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE LARRY: MARCH 15-20, 2006

Page 26: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE LARRY’S TRACK: MARCH 15-20, 2006

Page 27: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

LARRY’S IMPACTS

• Throughout Queensland, Cyclone Larry resulted in A$1.5 billion ($1.1 billion USD) in damage, making Larry, at that time the costliest tropical cyclone to ever impact Australia, surpassing 1974’s Cyclone Tracy’ loss.

Page 28: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE HAMISH

Page 29: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE HAMISH: MARCH 4-11, 2009

Page 30: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE HAMISH‘ TRACK MARCH 4-11, 2009

Page 31: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE HAMISH

Page 32: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE HAMISH’S IMPACTS

• Hamish was a CAT 4 storm with 290 kph (175 mph) winds• Coal exports were disrupted•The tourist industry was slowed.• It caused a major oil spill.

Page 33: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

HEAVY RAINFALL

• Hamish produced heavy rainfall over North Queensland with accumulations of 300 mm (12 in) in some areas.

• Mackay recorded 284 mm (11 in) in 2 days, and in combination with high tide, Hamish produced a 6.3 m (20.6 ft) tide in Mackay, flooding some streets.

Page 34: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

CYCLONE HAMISH: OIL SPILL IMPACTS BEACHES

Page 35: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

THE NEXT CYCLONE SEASON IS ON THE WAY

THE NEXT CYCLONE SEASON IS ON THE WAY

• CYCLONE DISASTER RESILIENCE IS NOT AN IMPOSSIBLE DREAM!

Page 36: LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS AUSTRALIA PART 2: CYCLONES

LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE

ALL CYCLONES

RECOVERY AND RECON-STRUCTION IS ABOUT KNOW-ING WHAT TO DO DIFFFERENTLY WHEN START-ING OVER AGAIN.