Lets Carb Up!!!

Lets Carb Up!!!

Carbohydrates - Composition

• Made of… (Hint: look at the name)– Carbon– Hydrogen– Oxygen

Carbohydrates - 3 Types

• Monosaccharides– These are the monomer units– Means 1 sugar or simple sugar– Ring Shaped molecules– Provide quick energy for cells

• C6H12O6

Monosaccharide examples

• Glucose

• Fructose

• Galactose

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://smma59.files.wordpress.com/2006/09/fruits.jpg&imgrefurl=http://ros2379.wordpress.com/2008/05/05/how-to-know-when-certain-fruits-are-in-season/&h=1500&w=1198&sz=380&hl=en&start=2&um=1&usg=__zUIki0w8YigPaxexUac2WNWPods=&tbnid=AzEBl9SwXlaJQM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=120&prev=/images?q=fruits&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/ikmp/images/0329075.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.agric.wa.gov.au/aboutus/fs/edu_dairy.htm&h=365&w=490&sz=168&hl=en&start=2&um=1&usg=__jVrmnLz_pgD-JD4zWO3Gbz3a1ik=&tbnid=22VEcYgqx4vRtM:&tbnh=97&tbnw=130&prev=/images?q=dairy&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

Isomers

• Have the same molecular formula, but different structural formulas

• Glucose, Galactose and Fructose all have the same molecular formula…what is it?– C6H12O6

Carbohydrates – 3 types

• Disaccharides– 2 monosaccharides linked together

– Dehydration synthesis

• Predict the molecular formula for a disaccharide.– C12H22O11

Disaccharides - examples

• Sucrose– Glucose and fructose

• Maltose– 2 glucose

• Lactose– Glucose and galactose

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.food-info.net/images/sugar1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.food-info.net/uk/products/sugar/intro.htm&h=431&w=350&sz=27&hl=en&start=1&um=1&usg=___VOqXLiidK-8-3ETLTX8cI4oUCs=&tbnid=HtCMqL9pKDsEKM:&tbnh=126&tbnw=102&prev=/images?q=sugar&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.jobwerx.com/images/rex_948373_beverage_cans_hr.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.jobwerx.com/news/rex_biz-id=948373_763.html&h=1245&w=1074&sz=233&hl=en&start=8&um=1&usg=__tFeAbOwUAGDSBhC_8dQwM6C_qbU=&tbnid=ZcswNCmyD4pyxM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=129&prev=/images?q=beverage&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.germes-online.com/direct/dbimage/50311552/Milk_Flavors.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.germes-online.com/catalog/98/101/580/flavour_and_fragrance.html&h=360&w=360&sz=26&hl=en&start=7&um=1&usg=__-ks_mGrvbl3c5dLQ-qXQSQpWmfE=&tbnid=gMf51SgU7YW9gM:&tbnh=121&tbnw=121&prev=/images?q=milk&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

Carbohydrates – 3 Types

• Polysaccharides– Many monosaccharides linked together

– Dehydration Synthesis

• Polymers

Carbohydrates - Uses

• Used by cells to store and release energy

• Used to make cell structures

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Spaghetti-prepared.jpg

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Energy Storage• Simple Sugars

– Quick release E– Mono and di’s

• Starch– Long term E storage– Straight chain– plants

• Glycogen– Long termE storage– Branched chain– animals

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://organictestkitchen.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/Images/PotatosInTheMarket.jpg&imgrefurl=http://organictestkitchen.com/blog/2007/11/18/organic-potato-primer-types-of-potatoes-their-uses/&h=534&w=800&sz=170&hl=en&start=7&um=1&usg=__Mh54jOMbNkcpKlNE728ZtT6tGN0=&tbnid=mp6kcwMtNT8J_M:&tbnh=95&tbnw=143&prev=/images?q=potatos&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

Structural Carbs

• Cellulose– Structural– Chain-link fence– Plants

• Chitin– Structural– animals

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://img.alibaba.com/photo/11137272/Organic_Celery.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.alibaba.com/catalog/11137272/Organic_Celery.html&h=550&w=660&sz=48&hl=en&start=4&um=1&usg=__u2uuJkT-uws3gqaKZ6yL9WzWUjo=&tbnid=XKmeAjJMuoFLZM:&tbnh=115&tbnw=138&prev=/images?q=celery&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/cg/Projects/2001/clarke/chitstruct.gif&imgrefurl=http://www.lboro.ac.uk/departments/cg/Projects/2001/clarke/introduction.html&h=290&w=485&sz=4&hl=en&start=17&um=1&usg=__4UceUBNzRl3LFCYRYMyqejmsaSM=&tbnid=Qu5ZK1MCV9AeFM:&tbnh=77&tbnw=129&prev=/images?q=chitin&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us&sa=N

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.jungfreudlich.de/wp-content/uploads/2007/07/chitin.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.jungfreudlich.de/category/organic-chemistry/&h=307&w=327&sz=36&hl=en&start=4&um=1&usg=__3-EPlEbfta12ZTtw4kD3Um24Nqk=&tbnid=BeSWe-ktHTBmgM:&tbnh=111&tbnw=118&prev=/images?q=chitin&um=1&hl=en&rls=com.microsoft:en-us&sa=N

Which of the following represents a monosaccharide?

Picture

Choice

...

Picture

Choice

...

Picture

Choice

...

Picture

Choice

...

25% 25%25%25%1. 2.

3.4.

1. Picture Choice 12. Picture Choice 23. Picture Choice 34. Picture Choice 4

What elements are present in carbohydrates? (Answer all that apply)

C H N O P S

17% 17% 17%17%17%17%1. C2. H3. N4. O5. P6. S

How does a simple sugar become a polysaccharide?

Adding wate

r

Removin

g wate

r

50%50%

1. Adding water2. Removing water

The molecular formula for Glucose is which of the following?

C6H12

O6

C12H22

O11

C6H10

O5

C12H12

O6

25% 25%25%25%1. C6H12O6

2. C12H22O11

3. C6H10O5

4. C12H12O6

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Lets Carb Up!!!