Lighting Control Systems

Smart system building

Overview• Facility lighting is needed to provide visibility for building

occupants, aesthetic atmosphere for spaces or rooms and for life safety. It is estimated that lighting accounts for 30 to 40% of electricity usage and costs in a typical building.

• Scheduling—A control system may have a predetermined schedule when lights are turned on and turned off.

• Occupancy sensors—for spaces in a building where occupancy is difficult to predict (such as meeting rooms or restrooms), lights may be turned on and off based on a lighting control system device sensing occupancy.

Smart lighting• Smart lighting automation is one of the most important aspects

of a smart house. With smart lighting, your lighting control is customizable to your personal preferences.

• With Smart Systems' Home Technology for Automated Lighting, you can:-

• Turn all of your lights on if your alarm system is triggered. • Set lighting scenes to dim lights for your home theatre to give

you that cinema feel. • Control lighting through switches, touch screens, remote

controls and even mobile phones. • Program any light(s) via a touch screen to activate automatically

each day according to preset conditions and events.• Coordinate lights on gates, the driveway and the garage to turn

on automatically when it becomes dark.

1.1 lighting control

• The heart of the lighting control center is typically a server that is web-enabledandinter connected to other facility technology systems.

1.2 relay panels• Relay panels are typically mounted next to the electrical

circuit breaker panels. The circuit breaker panel feeds into the relay panel with the relays in the relay panel acting as a switching device for the circuit.

1.3 OCCUPANCY SENSORS

• Occupancy or motion sensors are devices that sense the presence or absence of people within their monitoring range; they merely detect whether a space is occupied. They may be used in restrooms, utility rooms, conference rooms, coffee rooms, locker rooms and many other spaces. Typically, the sensor and a control unit can be enclosed in one unit, such as a wall box, but for larger facilities,

• the sensor is tied to a relay panel

What Are the Options?

• There are three types of signals that occupancy sensors use: Most detect heat (infrared radiation) or sense shifts in the frequency of reflected ultrasonic waves, or some combination of the two. Units that use acoustics are also available, but are far less common

Passive infrared (PIR) sensors• These are the most common type of occupancy sensor. They

are able to "see" heat emitted by occupants.

Ultrasonic (US) sensors• These are active: They emit a high-frequency sound (above

20,000 cycles per second

Acoustic sensors

• Acoustic sensors detect noise made by people and mechanical noise related to human activity, such as keyboard tapping, paper shuffling, and photocopying.

Hybrid sensors

• Hybrid, or dual-technology, sensors incorporate features of different sensor types in one unit. The most common combination of sensor types is that of PIR and US sensors

Table show the differense of PIR AND US OCCUPANCY SENSOR

How to Make the Best Choice?• Measure cost savings:-. Use that information to determine the number of hours that

lamp operation will be reduced and then calculate the energy savings.

• Determine what kind of sensor you need.• Choose wall or ceiling mount.• Ensure compatibility with other systems.• Alternatives to occupancy sensors.