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Lighting Control Systems
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Lighting Control Systems
Smart system building
Overview• Facility lighting is needed to provide visibility for building
occupants, aesthetic atmosphere for spaces or rooms and for life safety. It is estimated that lighting accounts for 30 to 40% of electricity usage and costs in a typical building.
• Scheduling—A control system may have a predetermined schedule when lights are turned on and turned off.
• Occupancy sensors—for spaces in a building where occupancy is difficult to predict (such as meeting rooms or restrooms), lights may be turned on and off based on a lighting control system device sensing occupancy.
Smart lighting• Smart lighting automation is one of the most important aspects
of a smart house. With smart lighting, your lighting control is customizable to your personal preferences.
• With Smart Systems' Home Technology for Automated Lighting, you can:-
• Turn all of your lights on if your alarm system is triggered. • Set lighting scenes to dim lights for your home theatre to give
you that cinema feel. • Control lighting through switches, touch screens, remote
controls and even mobile phones. • Program any light(s) via a touch screen to activate automatically
each day according to preset conditions and events.• Coordinate lights on gates, the driveway and the garage to turn
on automatically when it becomes dark.
1.1 lighting control
• The heart of the lighting control center is typically a server that is web-enabledandinter connected to other facility technology systems.
1.2 relay panels• Relay panels are typically mounted next to the electrical
circuit breaker panels. The circuit breaker panel feeds into the relay panel with the relays in the relay panel acting as a switching device for the circuit.
1.3 OCCUPANCY SENSORS
• Occupancy or motion sensors are devices that sense the presence or absence of people within their monitoring range; they merely detect whether a space is occupied. They may be used in restrooms, utility rooms, conference rooms, coffee rooms, locker rooms and many other spaces. Typically, the sensor and a control unit can be enclosed in one unit, such as a wall box, but for larger facilities,
• the sensor is tied to a relay panel
What Are the Options?
• There are three types of signals that occupancy sensors use: Most detect heat (infrared radiation) or sense shifts in the frequency of reflected ultrasonic waves, or some combination of the two. Units that use acoustics are also available, but are far less common
Passive infrared (PIR) sensors• These are the most common type of occupancy sensor. They
are able to "see" heat emitted by occupants.
Ultrasonic (US) sensors• These are active: They emit a high-frequency sound (above
20,000 cycles per second
Acoustic sensors
• Acoustic sensors detect noise made by people and mechanical noise related to human activity, such as keyboard tapping, paper shuffling, and photocopying.
Hybrid sensors
• Hybrid, or dual-technology, sensors incorporate features of different sensor types in one unit. The most common combination of sensor types is that of PIR and US sensors
Table show the differense of PIR AND US OCCUPANCY SENSOR
How to Make the Best Choice?• Measure cost savings:-. Use that information to determine the number of hours that
lamp operation will be reduced and then calculate the energy savings.
• Determine what kind of sensor you need.• Choose wall or ceiling mount.• Ensure compatibility with other systems.• Alternatives to occupancy sensors.