7
Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy the story of Sorris Sorris – Khoekhoegowab for ‘an abundance of sunlight’

Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    9

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

Living with wildlife –Living with wildlife

Sorris Sorris Conservancythe story of

Sorris Sorris – Khoekhoegowab for ‘an abundance of sunlight’

Page 2: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

2

Living with wildlife ‒ the story of SorriS SorriS CoNSErVANCY SorriS SorriS offers an enchanting mix of

charismatic, free-roaming wildlife – elephant,black rhino, giraffe, predators and plains game..

wildlife can generate a variety of benefitsfor local people

interesting cultures and dynamic communities committed to sustainability ¯ people living in

Sorris Sorris share a common vision formanaging their area and its resources

vast, diverse and spectacular landscapes –desert plains, granite formations, the Ugab River...

a healthy environment diversifies economic opportunities and drives economic growth

A CoNSErVANCY iS...• alegallyregisteredareawithclearlydefinedbordersandaconstituted

management body run by the community for the development ofresidentsandthesustainableuseofwildlifeandtourism

• managedbyagroupelectedtoservetheinterestsofallitsmembers• aplacewhereresidentscanaddincomefromwildlifeandtourismto

traditionalfarmingactivities• aplacewherewildlifepopulationsincreaseastheyaremanagedfor

productivegain• aplacewherethevalueofthenaturalresourcesincreases,enhancing

thevalueoftheland• aforumthroughwhichservicesanddevelopmentscanbechannelled

andintegrated• zonedformultipleusestominimiseconflictandmaximisetheinterests

ofallstakeholders

Conservanciesenable conservation and development over large areas...

MiLESToNES AND SUCCESSES

1996– policychangesallowcommunalarearesidentstobenefitfromwildlifeandtourismbyformingconservancies

1999– theSorrisSorriscommunitybeginstheprocesstoregisterasaconservancy

2001– SorrisSorrisbecomespartoftheannualNorth-WestGameCount

2001– SorrisSorrisConservancyisregisteredinOctober

2003– implementationoftheEventBookmonitoringsystemin SorrisSorrisConservancy

2006– agrantisreceivedforafeasibilitystudyonestablishingan environmentalinformationcentreintheconservancy

2006– Hartmann’szebraaretranslocatedintotheconservancytoboosttheexistingpopulation

08/09– hartebeestarereintroducedintotheconservancy

2010– throughagrantfromtheDanishInternationalDevelopment Agency,aprojectaimedatreducingelephantdamageto infrastructureisinitiated

2011– theSorrisSorrisInformationCentreisformallyopened

QUiCK FACTSRegion:KuneneSize:2,290squarekilometresApproximate population:1,300Main language:KhoekhoegowabDate of registration:October2001

A LiTTLE HiSTorYPrior to Namibia’s independence in 1990, communal area residents

hadfewrightstousewildlife.Wildanimalswereoftenseenaslittlemorethanathreattocrops, livestockandinfrastructure,aswellascommunitysafety. Ground-breaking legislation passed in the mid-nineties laid thefoundationforanewapproachtothesustainableuseofnaturalresources.By forming a conservancy, people in communal areas can now activelymanage–andgeneratebenefitsfrom–wildlifeandotherresourcesintheirarea,encouragingwildliferecoveriesandenvironmentalrestoration.Whileaconservancyisanaturalresourcemanagementstructure,itisdefinedbysocial ties.Conservanciesunitegroupsofpeoplewith thecommongoalof managing their resources. Today, over 60 communal conservanciesembraceoneinfourruralNamibians,underlininganationalcommitmenttobothruraldevelopmentandconservation.

Sorris Sorris embracesapopulationofaround1,300people,mostof whom speak Khoekhoegowab. Because of its arid environment on

the edge of theNamibDesert, settlement in the area has always beenlimited.TheDamarahaveoccupiedthisregionforavery longtime,withacentreatOkombaheslightlysouth-eastofSorrisSorris.Damaraoriginprior to settling inNamibia centuries ago is uncertain.Settlement in thelast century was heavily influenced by the German colonisation andlater South African administration of Namibia. During the 1950s, the/KhomaninDamarawereforciblymovedfromWindhoektoSorrisSorris,andthroughoutthecolonialperiodmuchlandwasdividedupaswhitefarmland,with some farms subsequently being reincorporated into the reshaped‘homelands’ created by theOdendaal Commission’s proposals of 1964.

Takingtheircuefromthefirstconservanciesformedinthemid-nineties,localfarmerssawthebenefitsofworkingtogethertomanageresourcesanddeveloptourism.Startingtheconservancywasnoteasyandthecommunityat first had no supporting agency.With assistance from the Ministry ofEnvironment&Tourism(MET),SorrisSorriswasregisteredin2001.

people are living with wildlife, are managing natural resources wisely and are reaping the benefits...

Page 3: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

4

Conservanciesare living landscapes...

TheDamarawereamongsttheearliestresidentsofwhatistodayNamibia.Their culture has undergone many changes, and was traditionallydividedintoanumberofgroupsthatincludedtheDãorén,orBrandbergDamara.TheDamarahaveasharedlanguagewiththeNama,butthelinguisticoriginofKhoekhoegowabisuncertain.Historically,theDamarawereahunter-gatherer society,but stock farmingstartedbecomingacentrallivelihoodactivityatleastacenturyago.

The ephemeral UgabRiver delineates the boundary between theKuneneandErongoRegions.Tothesouth,inErongo,Namibia’shighestmountain,theBrandberg,risesasanisolatedmassifoutofthesurrounding

rESoUrCES AND ATTrACTioNSTheconservancyalsoprovideshabitatformanyofthecountry’snear-endemic birds, including bare-cheeked babbler, Carp’s tit, rosy-facedlovebird, Rüppell’s parrot, Hartlaub’s francolin, violet wood-hoopoe,Rüppell’s korhaan, Damara hornbill, Monteiro’s hornbill, white-tailedshrike,Hererochatandrockrunner.Largeanatrees,camelthorntreesandmustardtreethicketsfringetheUgab.Mopanetreesaredominantthroughoutmuchoftheconservancy,givingwaytoopendesertplainswithasparsegrasscover.ThefamousWelwitschia mirabilis,anancientanduniquespecieswithcharacteristicsofbothfloweringandcone-bearingplants,growsalongdrainagelinesin some areas. Shepherd’s trees are conspicuous andCommiphoraspeciesgrowinrockyareas.Mopaneandcamelthornwoodishardanddurable,andisharvestedextensivelyforfirewood.

wonderful granite formations tumbling across vast desert plains of yellow grass, where herds of springbok graze;the hazy blue silhouette of the Brandberg towering above the Ugab River, where elephants feed on fallen ana tree shoots ...

Sorris Sorris is a magical forgotten corner where it is easy to spend a few quiet days exploring

desert plains. To the north lies Sorris Sorris, spread out under theNamibian sun. The tranquil landscape is interspersed with graniteoutcropstumblingacrosstheplainsinwonderfulbolderformations.Longbeforesheepwereintroducedtotheregion,peoplelivedontheseplainsandleftarecordoftheirtime,paintedinredochreonoverhangingrocksof thearea.Localguidesknowwhererockpaintingsare tobe found,someperhapsseveral thousandyearsold.Theyareaprelude to thenearbyrockartof theBrandbergandTwyfelfontein, twoof therichestrockartsitesintheworld.

SorrisSorrisstretchesalongtheeasternfringesoftheNamibDesertanditsenvironmentisheavilyinfluencedbytheNamib,whichissaidtobetheoldestdesertintheworld.ThecoldBenguelaCurrentflowingalong theNamibian coast inhibits cloud formation and influences theclimateofa largepartof thecountry.Averageannualrainfall inSorrisSorrisislowatbetween150and200millimetres.Rainfallisalsohighlyvariable,withmuchhigherthanaverageraininsomeyearsandbasicallynone inothers.Evaporation isextremelyhighand frequentprolongedperiodsofdrought requireahighdegreeofadaptability,puttinggreat

limitationsonagricultureinthearea.TheBrandbergrisestoover2,500metresabovesealevelwhilethesurroundingplainsinSorrisSorrisdescendtoaround500metresattheUgabRiver.Theephemeralriverisanimportantlifelineinthedesert,providingavarietyofresourcesforwildlife,aswellaspeopleandtheirlivestock.

faint red ochre lines depicting hunters and wildlife, painted millennia ago onto overhanging granite,herds of goats and sheep and the humble homesteads of Damara farmers dotting the landscape...this is a land steeped in culture

Since the establishment of conservancies, wildlife numbersin communal areas have rebounded from historic lows prior toindependence.SorrisSorrisishometoavarietyofcharismaticgame,including desert-adapted elephant, black rhino, giraffe, mountainzebra, kudu, gemsbok, springbok, duiker, steenbok, klipspringer,ostrichandbaboon.Predatorsincludeleopard,cheetah,spottedandbrownhyaena,jackalandcaracal,aswellasoccasionalnomadiclions.

Around Sorris Sorris... The conservancy is completelysurroundedbyothercommunalconservancies,whichtogethercreatea vast contiguous conservation landscape.Theareaharbours greatattractions,includingthenaturalandculturalwondersoftheBrandberg,andtherenownedrockengravingsattheTwyfelfonteinWorldHeritageSite.SorrisSorrisliesbetweenthesedraw-cardsandhasalottooffertravellersalongtheway.

Overall Endemismof TerrestrialFauna & Flora

HighEndemism

LowEndemism

Page 4: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

6

is expensive. There are someearth dams in the north ofthe conservancy, but thesestore water for only a limitedtime after good rains. SomepermanentspringsintheUgabRiver provide localised waterpoints for both wildlife andlivestock.

Livelihoodsintheareagenerallyfocusonfarming,whichisinhibitedbylowrainfall.Mostfarmers

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

10090807060504030201

N$

LiVELiHooDS AND DEVELopMENT

Sorris Sorris can facilitate access to diverse training and capacity building, can empower individuals, especially women,to actively take part in decision-making, as well as instilling a renewed sense of pride in cultural heritage

the conservancy can create a range of new livelihood options for its residents, including employment and income from tourism, guiding, craft production and other sales and services based on the sustainable use of natural resources

Conservanciesempower rural people...

The Damara today live in many parts of Namibia, but make upless than tenpercentof thenationalpopulation.At the turnof the19thcentury, theDamaraweremarginalisedandoften impoverishedbyother languagegroups.Under theSouthAfricanadministrationofNamibia,theimplementationoftheOdendaalCommissioncreatedwhatwasthenknownasDamaraland.Anumberof formerlyprivatefarmswere incorporated into the homeland, and some infrastructure fromthesefarmsstillexiststoday.YetthehomelandscausedconsiderableculturalandsocialupheavalandoftenhadonlyverylimitedcorrelationtosettlementpatternspriortothearrivalofEuropeans.

Development wassorelyneglected incommunalareasduringthe German colonial period and the South African administrationofNamibiaprior to independence.Even today, thearid zoneon thefringes of the Namib has received less development attention thanotherareas.

While Uis, around 30 kilometres to the south-east, is the closesttown to the conservancy, the regional centre of Khorixas, around 50kilometres to the north, offers the greatest range of facilities and services forconservancyresidents.AprimaryschoolatAnixab, thelargestsettlementinSorrisSorris,providessomeaccesstoeducation,butsecondaryschoolstudentsleavetheconservancytostudyinKhorixasor furtherafield.AclinicatAnixabprovidesbasichealth care,and thenearesthospitalisinKhorixas.Limitedtelecommunicationinfrastructurehas been a problem for conservancy residents, but improved mobilecoverageisalleviatingthisandtheconservancymakesuseoftheinternetandemailthroughdonatedequipment.

Watersupplyisaninhibitingfactorintheconservancy.Yieldsfromboreholestappinggroundwaterreservesaregenerallylowanddrilling

focus on a mix of cattle, goats and sheep, and small gardens aremaintainedbymanyhouseholds.Incomefromemployment,pensionsandremittancessupplementsthefarmingincomeformanyresidents.

Theestablishmentoftheconservancyisprovidingnewlivelihoodchoices by encouraging tourism, as well as enabling other naturalresource use options. While the conservancy is currently not in aposition to distribute cash payments to residents, it is generating avariety of benefits. The conservancy has created a number of jobs

andisfacilitatingemploymentinthetourismand

trophyhuntingindustries.

Gamemeatisdistributedtoresidents,andtrophyhuntingandshootand

sellhuntinggenerate

important income for the conservancy to cover running costs. Theconservancy has also used some of its income to fund hospitalitytraininginordertoboostemploymentprospectsinthetourismindustry.

Goodaccess for visitors to the conservancy is provided bytheC35gravelroadfromHentiesbaaionthecoastorfromKhorixasinthenorth.ComingfromOmaruruintheeast,visitorscantravelalongtheC36gravelroadviaUis.Severalfour-wheeldrivetrackswithintheconservancyprovideoptionsforexploringtheareawiththeassistanceofalocalguide.Therecently-openedSorrisSorrisInformationCentreprovidesinformationontheareaandcreatesavarietyofopportunitiesforincomegenerationandemployment,suchasimprovingtheinformalsaleofcraftsandsemi-preciousstones,whichprovideonlysporadic

income at the moment. The only other tourism facilities in SorrisSorrisarecurrentlyofferedbyaprivately-ownedcampsitearound20kilometres from the information centre. Investors are exploring thepossibilityofdevelopingajoint-venturelodgeinSorrisSorris,whichwouldprovidetheconservancywithincomefrombenefit-sharingagreements,andwouldcreatemuchneededemployment.TheBrandbergWhiteLadyLodgeonthesouthernbanksoftheUgabRiverinneighbouringTsisebConservancy,aswellasanumberoflodgesintheTwyfelfonteinareaofferfurtheraccommodationoptionsthatbenefitneighbouringconservancies.

Because income from tourism is limited at themoment, huntingrevenuesarevery important to theconservancy.SorrisSorrishasaconcessionagreementwithaprofessionalhunter,withaguaranteedincomefromtrophyhuntingbasedontheminimumnumberoftrophiestaken. In 2010 the overall income from trophy hunting was almostdoubletheguaranteedamount.Inaddition,theconservancyisallowedtoshootgameforitsownuseandformeatsales.Thisiscarriedoutbytheprofessionalhunter,inordertoensurethattherightanimalsareculled,andhighqualitytrophiesarepreservedforpayinghunters.

Shoot and Sell

Trophy Hunting

Trophy Hunting Game Meat

Conservancy Income

Other Benefits Household Meat

Jobs

Conservancy Expenditure

Other Benefits

CombinedCashIncomeandIn-kindBenefits

Benefits to the conservancy and its members come from a variety of sources. Sources and amounts vary from year to year,depending on factors such as agreements with private sector partners, and market fluctuations.

The pie chart shows the main benefit sources in 2010.

The conservancy spends money and provides community and individual benefits in various areas. Areas and amounts vary from year to year, depending on factors such as conservancy income and priorities.The pie chart shows the main expenditure and benefit areas in 2010.

Page 5: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

8

MANAgiNg NATUrAL rESoUrCESConservanciesfacilitate sustainability...

The management structure of the conservancy consists ofamanagementcommitteeofninemembers,abouthalfofwhomarewomen,reflectingtheempowermentofpreviouslymarginalisedgroupsthatconservanciesenable.Employeesincludefourcommunitygameguards,acoordinatorandanadministrativeassistant.Thebeginningsof conservancy management were not easy, with staff working outofacaravandonatedbytheMET. In2007,SorrisSorriswasoneof16conservanciestoreceivesupportfromtheIntegratedCommunity-BasedEcosystemManagement (ICEMA)projectof theMET, fundedbytheGlobalEnvironmentFacilitythroughtheWorldBank.Thesmall

managementteamwasabletomoveintoapurposebuiltoffice,andtrainingwasprovidedinfinancialmanagementandgovernance.Witha grant from theSpanishCooperation, theSorrisSorris InformationCentrewasbuiltoppositetheofficein2011.

Activities... Sorris Sorris is divided into four zones in order toreduceconflictsbetweenwildlifeandfarmingactivities.Thereisabufferzonebetween the farmingareaand theexclusivewildlifezone.As theconservancy is not fenced, farmers may graze their livestock in thebufferzoneintimesofdrought,andwildlifecanwanderthroughout theconservancy.Nonewsettlementisallowedintheexclusivewildlifezoneand the fewfarmersdispersed throughout thisareapose little threat towildlife,whilesufferingconsiderablelossesfromelephantsandpredators.A rhino sanctuary adjacent to the exclusive wildlife zone adjoins therhinosanctuaryofDoro!nawasConservancy.SorrisSorrisownsafour-wheeldrivevehicle,yetgameguardsoftenpatroltheconservancywithdonkeycarts,asthelimitedconservancybudgetresultsinsometransportchallengesanddonkeycartsofferanenvironmentallyfriendlyalternative.ThegameguardsusetheEventBookmonitoringsystemtorecorda

varietyofdatasuchasgamesightings,humanwildlifeconflict,poachingincidents, gameutilisation andany other data deemed important bythe conservancy. The data is aggregated into monthly and annualreportingchartsthatfacilitateadaptivemanagement.TheconservancyispartoftheannualNorth-WestGameCount,carriedoutbytheMETincollaborationwiththeconservanciesandwiththesupportofNGOs.Thecensusisthelargestannualroad-basedgamecountintheworld,coveringover7,000kilometresofroadtransectsinanareaofaround70,000squarekilometres.TheMETworkswiththeconservancyandother stakeholders to set annual quotas for usingwildlife, based oninformation from the game counts and the Event Book. This allowstheconservancytocarryoutown-usehuntingtosupplyresidentswithmeat,aswellasenteringintotrophyhuntingconcessionagreementswithhuntingoperators.

The conservancy strives to mitigate human wildlife conflict andworkswithfarmersonavarietyofmitigationmeasures.Predatorsareabigproblemforfarmerswithlivestockandelephantscausedamageto gardens andwater infrastructure.Through theNationalPolicy on

the Sorris Sorris Conservancy provides vital structures for managing the communal natural resources of the areain a way that enhances development and ensures sustainability

guards investigating the incident, andasystem for reviewingclaimsandensuringfinancialmanagementmustbeinplace.

the conservancy uses a mix of modern technologies and traditional knowledge and skillsto enable healthy wildlife populations, a productive environment, and the effective management of natural resources

HumanWildlifeConflictManagement,asystemofprovidingfinancialoffsetsforsuchlossesisbeingimplemented.TheconservancyreceivesafixedlumpsumfromtheMETandisresponsibleforpayingoffsetstoresidents.Claimsmustbeaccompaniedbyareportfromthegame

Page 6: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

10

CHALLENgES, opporTUNiTiES... ... AND THE FUTUrEConservanciesare full of opportunities...

ThevarietyofenvironmentalassetsandculturalresourcesintheSorrisSorrisConservancyprovidesuntappedpotential.

Challenges...SorrisSorrishasanabundanceofsunlight,aswellasavarietyofresourcesandattractions,yetincomefromtourismhasbeenlow,astheareahasbeenusedaslittlemorethatatransitroute.Theconservancyhas thusnotbeenable todistributemanybenefitsand faces high community expectations. The conservancy has firstendeavouredtogetavarietyofmanagementsystemsinplace,initiallywithlimitedexternalassistance,andcannowbegintocapitaliseonits

Sorris Sorris harbours great potential to overcome some of the development challenges that the area faces ‒and the conservancy is the ideal structure to coordinate many of the developments

excellent location.An issue thatneeds tobeaddressed is the illegalcutting of firewood.Acacia and mopane trees have excellent wood,usedforfirewood,andinthecaseofmopanealsoasabuildingmaterial.But the trees grow slowly due to the aridity of the area.An informalindustrythathasgrownuparoundthesupplyoffirewoodtotownsandthetourismindustryneedstobestrictlycontrolledthroughtheexistingpermitsystemtoavoidtheover-utilisation.

The conservancy has a variety ofopportunities to increasebenefitsfromexistingtourismtraffic,aswellastodevelopnewventuresinthearea.Elephant,blackrhino,giraffeandotherwildlifewithinthestunning landscapesof theconservancycanattractpeople tospendtime in the area, rather than just passing through. The informationcentre is at the cross roads toKhorixasandTwyfelfontein, and is a

strategic development, sensitive to cultural dynamics as well as the environment,can ensure that the residents of the conservancy benefit from their communal resources without compromising their heritage

naturalstop-overforvisitors.Thereisspaceattheinformationcentretoexpandthesmallcraftmarketandtodevelopotherenterprises.

Conservancy plans include the development of a café at theinformation centre, as well as offering guiding services to attractionssuchasrockartsites.Theconservancywouldalso like tooperate itsowncampsite,andcouldbenefitsignificantly fromplans todevelopa

luxurylodge.TheconservancyplanstoturnasitecalledDeccaStation,currentlyusedasabaseforgamecounts,intoatrainingcentre.Anotherideaistodevelopabreedingstudforqualitybullsandrams,whichcouldbringincomeaswellasbetterqualitylivestocktothearea.

Theconservancystandsatacrossroadsinmorewaysthanone.Foraruralcommunitythathasreliedonagricultureinanaridenvironmentforgenerations,newsourcesofincomesuchashuntingandtourismofferexciting opportunities.Through strategic developments, these sectorscan generate widespread benefits, ensuring long-term conservancysuccessandthesustainableuseofresources.Bybalancingthecostsoflivingwithwildlifewiththesuiteofbenefitsthatcanbegainedfromnaturalresourceuse,andbyenablingnewincomestreams, theconservancy

canrevitalizethecommunity.Huntingalreadyprovidesasteadystreamof incometoSorrisSorris.Theproposedlodgeandtheprospectsofincreasedemploymentandcraftsales,aswellaspotentiallystrongermarkets for livestock, canallow theconservancy toprovideabetterstandardoflivingforitsinhabitants.

Andthesunshine?Thatwillalwaysbethereinabundance.

0

30

60

90

120

150

20102009200820072006200520042003

Number of incidents

Lion

Jackal

Hyaena

Leopard

Cheetah

Caracal

Elephant

Baboon

Humanwildlifeconflictisachallengewhereeverpeoplecoexistwithwildanimals,especiallyiftheseinclude elephants and large predators. Elephantconflicts have been reduced in the conservancythrough dedicated waterholes for wildlife and theprotectionofwaterinfrastructure.Predatorproblemscanbereducedthroughzoningandkeepinglivestockinenclosuresatnight.Importantly,thesespeciesareofgreatvalue,both to theecosystemandtourism,andinthelongrunbenefitsgainedfromthemshouldoutweighthecostsoflivingwiththem.

Human wildlife conflicts are monitored using the Event Book and clearly indicate the main conflict species.

Come to Sorris Sorris ―be part of the future...

NODATA

AVAILABLE

Page 7: Living with wildlife Sorris Sorris Conservancy Sorris Sorris FPis.pdf · wildlife and tourism by forming conservancies 1999 – the Sorris Sorris community begins the process to register

12

For more information and updates: Sorris Sorris Conservancy

P.O. Box 84Khorixas

Telephone: +264 (0)60 8068361Copyright©NACSO2012;AllphotostakeninSorrisSorrisbySteveFelton,exceptpg.11topbyHelgeDenker;Text:HDenker&SFelton;Layout:HDenker;Maps:SylviaThompson;Backcovermap:RAISON;Charts:AliceJarvis;Printing:JohnMeinertPrinting

For more information and updates:

Doros Crater

Goedgenoeg OpstalVegkop Opstal

Sorris SorrisHoumoed

Vaalhoek

Losberg

BrandbergHuab River

Goantagab River

Ugab River

Conservancy Office

White Lady Painting

Twyfelfontein

North

Ugab River

Copyright © NACSO 2012; All photos taken in Sorris Sorris by Steve Felton, except pg. 11 top by Helge Denker; Text: H Denker &

TheproductionofthisbrochurewasjointlyfundedbyMCA-Namibia,NoradandWWF

www.namibiawildlifesafaris.com | www.nacso.org.na