Publication trends in library andinformation science

A bibliometric analysis of LibraryManagement journal

K.P. Singh and Harish ChanderDepartment of Library and Information Science, University of Delhi, Delhi, India

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to explore the publication trends of the scholarly journalLibrary Management, and highlight its various important aspects.

Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents results of bibliometric analysis of 336articles which were published during the period 2006-2012, in the Library Management journal ofEmerald.

Findings – The results indicate that the majority of the contributions by single authors and mostcited documents are journal articles. The study highlights the chronological distribution of articles,authorship pattern, geographical distribution of authors, institutions wise distribution, citation patternand length of articles.

Originality/value – As yet there have been no such studies conducted that investigate the variousaspects of Library Management journal. It evaluates the publication trends of the journal and hasimportant implications for scholars and researchers.

Keywords Library management, Citation analysis, Authorship pattern, Bibliometric studies,Publication trends, LIS

Paper type Research paper

IntroductionResearch has become vital activity in every field of knowledge. Bibliometric is anemerging thrust area of research in different branches of human knowledge since itsinception. It has now become well established part of information research and aquantitative approach to the description of documents (Chaurasia, 2008) andexamination of services is gaining ground both in research and practice.

Bibliometrics known earlier by many names from Librametry to StatisticalBibliography, the present term was coined by the Alan Pritchyard in 1969 to studyquantitatively the communication pattern of published literature in a given field. TheOnline Dictionary of Library and Information Science defines Bibliometrics as “The useof mathematical and statistical methods to study and identify patterns in the usage ofmaterials and services within a library or to analyse the historical development ofspecific body of literature, especially its authorship, publication and use” (ODLIS, 2012).

Bibliometrics has emerged as handy tool to study collection evaluation andbuilding, ranking of journals, identification of core literature, to know the structure ofliterature, to know the prolific authors to observe the obsolence of literature, to studyuser behaviour and forecast their further needs (Satija, 2004). It has become a genericterm for range of approaches directed to quantify output levels, collaboration patterns

The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at

www.emeraldinsight.com/0143-5124.htm

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Received 8 May 2013Revised 10 June 2013Accepted 19 June 2013

Library ManagementVol. 35 No. 3, 2014pp. 134-149q Emerald Group Publishing Limited0143-5124DOI 10.1108/LM-05-2013-0039

and impact characteristics of scientific research. The advantage of Bibliometric data onresearch document is that they have great informative value and systematiccomparison of scientific institutions, countries and regions across, range as scientificfields.

Source journalThe study based on Library Management, an online international journal in the field oflibrary and information science of Emerald. The journal started publishing online since1979. As information services become more complex in nature and more technologicallysophisticated, information professionals need to keep pace with innovations andthinking in the field to offer the most professional service with the resources they have.The journal reflects the latest research undertaken in academic, government andcorporate institutions by reporting contemporary thoughts, whilst also exploringpractical implications for those involved in teaching and practice. Library Managementis abstracted and indexed in Current Awareness Abstracts, Education Full Text, EmeraldManagement Reviews, Information Science and Technology Abstracts, INSPEC, TheInformed Librarian, Library and Information Science Abstracts, Library and InformationScience Full Text, and Scopus (Emeraldinsight, 2012).

Reviewed studiesJena et al. (2012) in a study regarding the bibliographical distribution of citations,found that the majority of citations are from journals, followed by web resources andbooks. The study further reveals that the average length of articles is 13,017 pages andthe scattering of contributors is limited within a few countries.

Jayaraman et al. (2012) carried out study by analyzing 312 articles and 4,949references from year 1997-2011 of the Annals of Library and Information Studiespublished by NISCAIR (National Institute of Scientific Communication andInformation Resources), Delhi. It covers authorship pattern, type of citations etc.Oyewusi (2012) analyse the content of the Nigerian School Library Journal (NSLJ) from1979-2010. The study revealed that the level of collaboration among the authors waslow (16.7 per cent) while single authors were many (83.3 per cent) and most articlesused the survey research design followed by historical strategies, literature review andcase studies. Sethi and Panda (2012) in their study explore the publication trends ofscholarly journal articles of two core Library and Information Science (LIS) journals byanalysis of 1,000 research papers. The study examines the content of journals,including growth of literature, authorship pattern, geographical distribution ofauthors, citation pattern length of articles and most cited authors.

Hussain et al. (2011) conducted a bibliometric study of 578 articles were publishedduring 2000-2010 in the Electronic Library Journal. It covers year wise distribution ofarticles, category-wise classification of papers, subject wise distribution, authorshippattern and institutions wise distribution of contributions. Singh et al. (2011) carriedout a study to assess the trends of the publication patterns in DESIDOC Bulletin ofInformation Technology (1992-2002). The study reveals that 66.90 per cent articlespublished by single authors and 88.28 per cent were contributed from India.

Narang and Kumar (2010) analysed 4,798 citations appended to 400 articles in fivevolumes 34 (2003)- 38 (2007) of the Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics.Results indicate that a decrease in the number of contributions in successive volumes

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and predominance of double authorship. Patil (2010) examined the 249 articlespublished in Herald of Library Science during the period 1995-2005. He stated thatmaximum articles published by single authors 174 (69.88 per cent).

Chaurasia (2008) showed trend growth in contributions and average number ofpublication is 21.4 per volume. Majority of the authors contributed their papers jointlyand majority of them cited journals (50.15 per cent) and books (19.96 per cent). Patraet al. (2006) analysed the growth pattern, core journals and authors’ distribution in thefield of bibliometric using data from Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA)and found that growth of literature does not show any definite pattern. Ushadevi (1997)analysed 369 articles of Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics from (1983-1992). Thelargest contributions belong to Government Institutions and major contributors werefrom Indian origin.

Objectives of the study. To examine the authorship pattern of the contributions.. To examine the volume-wise distribution of contributions and to find the average

number of citations per volumes.. To examine the average length of articles and average number of citations per

contribution in the journal.. To study the types and number of publications cited in the contributions of the

journal.. To know the institutions wise distribution of the contributions and geographical

distribution of the publications.. To find out statistics of distribution of contributions in various field of LIS.

MethodologyA total number of 37 issues of the seven volumes i.e. 27-33 of the source journal LibraryManagement during the period of 2006-2012 has been selected for the study. Data onpapers published in the Journal were collected from downloaded articles obtained fromEmerald (www.emeraldinsight.com). The details regarding each published article suchas numbers of contributions, numbers of authors, numbers of references, length of pages,geographical distribution, etc. have examined and analysed for making observations.

Analysis and discussionsChronological distribution of articlesTable I gives the detail regarding volume-wise distribution of 336 articles publishedfrom year 2006-2012. Maximum numbers of articles i.e. 52 (15.48 per cent) published involume 27 during the year 2006 and the minimum articles are in volumes 32 and 33 asthe same figure i.e. 45 during the years 2011 and 2012 (see Figure 1).

Authorship patternTables II and III analyse the authorship pattern of the journal articles. Single authoredpapers are top in the list having 190 (56.55 per cent) followed by the two authoredpapers 98 (29.17 per cent), three authored papers 31 (9.22 per cent) and more than threeauthors papers 17 (5.06 per cent) during the seven years (see Figure 2).

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Geographical distribution of contributionsTable IV attempts to give overview of the articles from different countries. The USAdominates the all other countries having 59 (17.56 per cent) contributions, followed bythe Australia 46 (13.69 per cent), UK 41(12.20 per cent), and China 23 (6.85 per cent)articles respectively. The contributions from India during the last seven years are onlyten (2.97 per cent). The 20 (5.95 per cent) papers are contributed by the multiplecountries and 17 countries contributed with one paper each (see Figure 3). Total 36countries published their papers except multiple countries during the last seven years.

The year wise analysis of the geographic distributions (see Table V) presents theranking of the major contributed countries. Table V shows that USA contributed mostof articles during the year 2006 (15) of the total articles (59), while Australia in 2008(nine), the UK and China in 2007 such as ten and seven respectively. Canada and India

Year Vol. no. No. of issues No. of articles (%)

2006 27 6 52 15.482007 28 5 49 14.582008 29 5 50 14.882009 30 5 47 13.992010 31 6 48 14.292011 32 5 45 13.392012 33 5 45 13.39Total 7 vols 37 336 100

Table I.Chronological

distribution of articles

Figure 1.Distribution of articles

No. of authors No. of articles (%)

Single 190 56.55Two 98 29.17Three 31 9.22More than three 17 5.06Total 336 100

Table II.Authorship pattern of

contributions

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are the consistent average contributors of the given years as compared to Nigeria,Finland and South Africa. It is also clear from the data that these major countriescontributed 246 (73 per cent) articles out of the total produced literature in given period.The maximum contributions during the years 2006 and 2007 each 40 (11.90 per cent)and minimum in the year 2012 (26).

Institution wise distributionTable VI depicts the institution wise distribution of articles. Out of 336 contributionsoverwhelming majority with the highest numbers, i.e. 267 (79.46 per cent) articles havebeen contributed by universities, followed by colleges/institutes 26 (7.73 per cent),national libraries eight (2.38 per cent), special libraries seven (2.08 per cent) andgovernment departments six (1.79 per cent) (see Figure 4).

Mapping and distribution of major topicsTable VII lists the key topics of papers published in the journal. These topics werescanned using articles’ titles and keywords. The large number of paper under the studydevoted to the topics such as “Library Management” 39 (11.61 per cent), “AcademicLibraries” 34 (10.12 per cent), “Change Management” 32 (9.52 per cent) and“Information Services” 31 (9.23 per cent). Moreover, “Human Resource Management”and “Professional Development’ 24 (7.14 per cent) with each, “ICT” 18 (5.36 per cent),“Knowledge Management” 17 (5.06 per cent), “University Libraries” 15 (4.46 per cent)

Vol.no.

Singleauthor (%)

Twoauthors (%)

Threeauthors (%)

More than threeauthors (%)

27 34 10.12 10 2.98 6 1.79 2 0.6028 39 11.61 8 2.38 2 0.60 0 0.029 28 8.33 15 4.46 5 1.48 2 0.6030 24 7.14 17 5.06 3 0.89 3 0.8931 23 6.85 19 5.65 3 0.89 3 0.8932 25 7.44 15 4.47 3 0.89 2 0.6033 17 5.06 14 4.17 9 2.68 5 1.487 vol 190 56.55 98 29.17 31 9.22 17 5.06

Table III.Authorship pattern ofcontributions(volume-wise)

Figure 2.Authorship pattern

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Name of country No. of contributions/articles Percentage

The USA 59 17.56Australia 46 13.69The UK 41 12.20China 23 6.85Canada 18 5.36Hong Kong 15 4.46Greece 11 3.27India 10 2.97Nigeria 8 2.38Finland 8 2.38South Africa 7 2.08Singapore 6 1.79Ireland 4 1.19Italy 4 1.19Pakistan 4 1.19Denmark 3 0.89Iran 3 0.89Malaysia 3 0.89New Zealand 3 0.89Poland 3 0.89Spain 3 0.89Taiwan 3 0.89Belgium 2 0.60Croatia 2 0.60Ghana 2 0.60The Netherlands 2 0.60Sweden 2 0.60Turkey 2 0.60Uganda 2 0.60Multiple countries 20 5.95Others (one each) 17 5.06Total 336 100

Table IV.Geographical distribution

of contributors

Figure 3.Geographical distribution

of contributions

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No.

ofco

ntr

ibu

tion

s(y

ear

wis

e)R

ank

Cou

ntr

y20

0620

0720

0820

0920

1020

1120

12T

otal

(%)

1U

SA

154

68

710

959

23.9

82

Au

stra

lia

57

98

76

446

18.7

03

UK

610

94

55

241

16.6

74

Ch

ina

47

15

12

323

9.25

5C

anad

a3

33

22

23

187.

316

Hon

gK

ong

14

32

23

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6.10

7G

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32

12

114.

478

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ia1

21

12

21

104.

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Nig

eria

23

21

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3.25

9F

inla

nd

1–

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13

28

3.25

10S

outh

Afr

ica

2–

––

5–

–7

2.85

Tot

al40

4037

3534

3426

246

%11

.90

11.9

011

.01

10.4

210

.12

10.1

27.

7373

Table V.Major contributors –geographical distribution

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and “Collection Management” 13 (3.87 per cent) are also among the most commontopics (see Figure 5), covered by the various authors of Library Management Journal.

The data related to the subject-wise distributions of articles are shown in Table VIIwhich highlights contributions over the different period. It shows the subject trendsand analysis of the subject covered during the given years. The study found thatvariety of topics has been covered in the journal. The highest number of articlesconsists of library management, academic libraries, change management, andinformation services respectively. The majority of the articles are on librarymanagement and its associated topics. But study also discovers a sizeable number ofarticles on the new emerging topics such as information literacy, socialnetworking/web 2.0 technologies, e-resources and digital libraries.

Contributed by No. of contributions (%)

Universities 267 79.46Colleges/Institutes 26 7.73National Libraries 8 2.38Special Libraries 7 2.08Government Departments 6 1.79Library Associations 4 1.19Public Libraries 4 1.19Information/Documentation Centers 2 0.60Miscellaneous 12 3.58Total 336 100

Table VI.Institution wise

distribution ofcontributions

Figure 4.Institution wise

contributions

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No.

ofco

ntr

ibu

tion

s–

Yea

rw

ise

dis

trib

uti

onS

ub

ject

fiel

d20

0620

0720

0820

0920

1020

1120

12T

otal

(%)

Lib

rary

Man

agem

ent

38

47

104

339

11.6

1A

cad

emic

Lib

rari

es3

39

23

59

3410

.12

Ch

ang

eM

anag

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t7

45

35

44

329.

52In

form

atio

nS

erv

ices

104

93

12

231

9.23

Pro

fess

ion

alD

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opm

ent

53

43

42

324

7.14

HR

Min

Lib

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es4

32

44

52

247.

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32

45

21

185.

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53

21

41

117

5.06

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iver

sity

Lib

rari

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34

154.

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anag

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32

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133.

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ries

1–

33

21

212

3.57

Lea

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ship

Com

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111

3.27

E-R

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210

2.98

Str

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Table VII.Mapping and distributionof topics

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Distributions of citationsTable VIII indicates that five volumes (except vols 28 and 29) have the 14 articleswithout citations. The maximum numbers of articles 6 without citations are in vol. 27.

Table IX reveals that seven volumes have 6,611 citations appended to the 336articles. Out of total 6,611 citations vol. 29 has the highest numbers i.e. 1,205(18.22 percent), next on the list is vol. 31 with second highest numbers i.e. 1,099 (16.62 per cent)and vol. 28 has the lowest numbers of citations i.e. 763 (11.55 per cent) (see Figure 6).

Types of publications cited (volume-wise)Authors cite different types of documents in their articles according to theirinformation needs. The citations comprise articles from journals, books, web

Figure 5.Mapping of major topics

Vol. No. No. of contributions No. of citations (%)

27 52 919 13.9028 49 763 11.5529 50 1,205 18.2230 47 950 14.3731 48 1,099 16.6232 45 882 13.3433 45 793 12.007 vols 336 6,611 100

Table IX.Distribution of average

citations per contributionin each volume

Year Vol. no. No. of articles

2006 27 62007 28 32008 29 –2009 30 –2010 31 12011 32 12012 33 3Total 7 vols 14

Table VIII.Articles without citations

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documents, symposia/conference proceedings, theses and dissertations, etc. Table Xrepresents the volume wise analysis of publications cited by authors. From the givendescription, it is observed that authors mostly cite to journal articles that is 3,214 (48.62per cent) citations. This is due to the fact that journals are primary channel of nascentthoughts. This followed by the other major categories such as online/web documents1,400 (21.18 per cent) and books with 1,157(17.50 per cent) citations. The remainingcited documents are chapters in edited books 286 (4.33 per cent), seminar/conferences178 (2.69 per cent), Thesis/Dissertation 57 (0.86 per cent) and miscellaneous 299 (4.52per cent) including reports, lectures, speeches, notes etc. It highlights that authors areconsulting journals, online documents and books more and more for writing, studyingand presenting their research results (see Figure 7).

Classification of papers-category wiseTable XI focuses that the category wise classification of the papers. The analysisindicates that the maximum number of articles published under the category ofresearch papers i.e. 135 (40.18 per cent), whereas 107 (31.85 per cent) articles publishedunder the case study category. There were small number of articles published underthe categories General Review and Viewpoint 33 (9.82 per cent) respectively (seeFigure 8).

Pagination patternAn analysis of pagination pattern of papers is addressed in Table XII. Table XIIprovides page count data that majority of papers 142 (42.26 per cent) have lengthbetween six to ten pages followed by 139 (41.37 per cent) articles with page length of11-15 pages, 35 (10.42 per cent) articles with 16-20 pages and remaining 11 (3.27 percent) with on to five and seven (2.08 per cent) articles have the length of 21-25 pages(see Figure 9).

Major findings of the studyThe key qualitative and quantitative findings of the study are as:

. The Library Management journal which has been published online since 1979 isa well known and popular journal in the field of library and information studies.

Figure 6.Distribution of citations

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Vol

.n

o.Jo

urn

als

On

lin

e/w

ebd

ocu

men

tsB

ook

sC

hap

ters

ined

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boo

ks

Sem

inar

s/co

nfe

ren

ces

Th

eses

/d

isse

rtat

ion

sM

agaz

ines

/n

ewsl

ette

rM

isc.

Tot

al

2745

717

616

954

1601

1531

919

2835

716

116

236

095

231

763

2956

124

321

268

4013

–68

1,20

530

474

232

122

4122

142

4395

031

520

235

200

4543

6–

501,

099

3242

120

015

924

245

148

882

3342

415

313

318

2413

–28

793

7v

ols

3,21

41,

400

1,15

728

617

857

2029

96,

611

(%)

48.6

221

.18

17.5

04.

332.

690.

860.

304.

5210

0

Table X.Type of documents cited

(volume-wise)

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During the period of (2006-2012) a substantial number of articles i.e. 336 havebeen covered which shows that the journal is quite renowned.

. The study finds that this journal have the contributions of the articles from majorleading countries such as the USA, the UK, Australia, China, India, Canada, etc.hence, it is evidence that the journal is the quite popular and highly in demand bythe researchers and authors to publish the articles on the topic in LM.

Figure 7.Types of documents cited

Categories No. of articles (%)

Research Papers 135 40.18Case Studies 107 31.85General Reviews 33 9.82Viewpoints 33 9.82Conceptual Papers 14 4.17Literature Reviews 12 3.56Technical Papers 2 0.60Total 336 100

Table XI.Category wiseclassification of papers

Figure 8.Classification of papers

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. The study also explore that the journal is devoted for having the articles onLibrary Management, but during the recent years it also covers emerging newtopics such as digital libraries, web 2.0, information literacy, e-resources etc.which shows that the journal is expanding horizontally and vertically.

. Authorship pattern reveals that majority of the contributions/ articles by singleauthors 90 (56.55 per cent) and 98 (29.17 per cent) papers authored by two authors.

. The study finds that the USA is the most productive country, contributing 59(17.56 per cent) papers and followed by Australia 46 (13.69 per cent) and the UK41 (12.20 per cent).

. The study finds that most cited documents are journals articles 3214 (48.62 percent). This is due to fact that research findings are reported in journals andresearchers interpret and extent the previous research results.

. Addressing the participation in literature production, universities 267 (79.46 percent) are the major contributors.

. After scanning the papers of this journal, the study finds that it covered 39, 34and 32 such as “Library Management”, “Academic Libraries” and “ChangeManagement” as the most frequent topics.

. Category wise classification of articles reveals that highest numbers of paperswere under the categories of Research papers 135 (40.18 per cent) and Casestudies 107 (31.85 per cent).

. Pagination analysis depicts that majority of articles 142 (42.26 per cent) and 139(41.37 per cent) have the length between six and ten pages and 11-15 pages.

No. of pages 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total (%)

1-5 3 4 – – – 1 3 11 3.276-10 26 25 11 24 15 13 28 142 42.2611-15 16 15 25 21 28 24 10 139 41.3716-20 6 5 9 2 3 7 3 35 10.4221-25 1 – 4 – 1 – 1 07 2.0826-30 – – 1 – 1 – – 02 0.60Total 52 49 50 47 48 45 45 336 100

Table XII.Length of articles

Figure 9.Length of articles

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. The particulars of subject-wise distributions of articles are shown in Table XIIwhich highlights contributions over different period. It shows the subject trendsand analyses the subject covered during the given years. The journal LibraryManagement most of the topics contributed on management related topics suchas library management, human resource management, strategic management,professional development, knowledge management, marketing etc. otherwise italso covered the wide range of other topics covering from academic libraries toLibrary 2.0.

ConclusionThe present study attempted to analyse the research productivity in area of Libraryand Information Science which is based on an important international online journali.e. Library Management (Emerald) for the period of 2006-2012. The journal is rich in itsinformation contents covering various aspects of LIS. Most of the papers related tolibrary management, knowledge management, information services, human resourcemanagement and professional development. While further study is needed, the authorshope for the productive research in LIS around the world.

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About the authorsDr K.P. Singh is a well-known Indian LIS professional and a prolific contributor to national andinternational platforms in the major areas of ICT in libraries, knowledge management, designand development of online directories and E-content management. Presently working as a SeniorAssistant Professor in the Department of Library and Information Science in the University ofDelhi, Delhi for the past 14 years and as a Principal Investigator of two Major Research Projectsof DRDO and UGC, Dr Singh did his Master’s in Agricultural Sciences and Library andInformation Science and MPhil and PhD in Library and Information Science. He is the recipientof the UGC-JRF/NET, ICAR-JRF, DRDO-JRF and SATKAL Young Librarian Award 2010. DrSingh has written eight books/edited works, about 70 research publications, guided more than 80research projects to MLIS, MPhil students and completed one Major Research Project. Dr K.P.Singh is the corresponding author and can be contacted at: singhkp_1972@yahoo.co.in

Harish Chander is working as a Junior Research Fellow (UGC) and pursuing MPhil (Libraryand Information Science) from Department of Library and Information Science, University ofDelhi. Mr Chander did his MLIS and from GNDU Amritsar. He has also done PGDCA andworked as Project Fellow on UGC Major Research Project.

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