Looking at social movements against the backdrop of economic and political revolutions

1820-1860

Religion and Reform

To what extent did societal changes between 1820 and 1860 increase the practice of liberty?Essential Question

For each topic we will develop a topic sentence related to our focus question.

After we discuss evidence, we will decide which evidence fits depending upon our argument.

[class divided into three groups: great increase, only moderate increase and decline in practice]

Looking at evidence to develop an argument

How did American manufacturers compete w/ Britain?

How did industry compete with artisan republicanism?

What was the role of state and national gov’t in transportation?

What were the different types of cities?What were the defining characteristics of new

social classes?

Review of Economic Revolutions

Regional divideDemocratic participationPolitical partiesRepublicanism v. DemocracyRole of Central Gov’t

What were the principal political changes between 1820 and 1840?

Individualism How did

transcendentalists promote ideas of “radical freedom”?Puritan and

Protestant idealsNature and

IndividualismRejection of

tradition

The “first” American Literary traditionThoreauFullerWhitmanHawthorneMelville

Rural CommunalismShakersFourierismOneida CommunityMormonism

Oneida Mansion 1828

Urban CultureContrasting with

communalism?

Results of economic evolution?

Results of immigrant/migrant infusion?

Sex and Prostitution

Popular EntertainmentLive action, fightsTheatreMinstrel shows

NativismEscape from racism

http://

How were these

cultures different

from the

mainstream

culture

described in Ch.

8 & 9?

Rural & Urban divide?

Shakers

Pittsburgh 1830

AbolitionismSlavery contrary to

republicanismImmoral (2nd Great

Awakening)

UpliftEducationTemperanceHard work

Northern ReactionsProtestsRiotsInherent racism

David Walker (MA)Nat Turner (VA)Northern Evangelicals

GarrisonWeldeGrimke

Evidence of Popularity of AbolitionismRural/Urban SupportAnti-Slavery SocietyCommunicationUnderground Railroad

**10% avid abolitionists in North…

Don’t forget that northerners did NOT necess. See blacks as equals…

Anti-abolitionismAttack on slavery =

attack on all property“Societal institutions

would be overthrown”Racial fears led to mob

violenceSouth banned

abolitionistsGov’t enforce anti-

abolition

Clergy opposed women’s involvementGarrison-exception

American & Foreign Anti-slavery Society

Opposition to Abolitionism

Divisions within Mvt

Religious Revivals & New Econ Independ.Gender rolesWorkers’ rightsAbolitionEquality for womenPrison reformSuffrage

Women as Reformers

Economic Influence

More libertyWomen’s

independenceUrban collectivism

TemperanceAbolition-states’

rightsAbolition-property

rights

Examining the evidence

Limits on liberty

What were the societal changes that caused the limits or expansions of liberty?Add notations to your chart from the previous slide.

To what extent did societal changes between 1820 and 1860 increase the practice of liberty?Essential Question

Individualism and Transcendentalism expanded the liberty of thought with writing…

Topic Sentences should connect the focus to the topic of the paragraph