EVs – A Manufacturer’s View

James Billingham

TATA Motors European Technical Centre

TATA GroupTATA Group� India’s best known private sector Group

Turnover > US$ 62 billion� Nearly 100 group companies including: Tata

Steel, Tata Motors, Tata Consultancy Services, Tetley, Taj Hotels, CORUS, Brunner Mond

� Trusted by over 2 million shareholders

� India’s largest fully integrated automotive company

� Dominates the Indian market

� Contributes up to 40% of group revenue

� People’s Car unveiled, Tata Nano, unveiled in 2008

� Acquired Jaguar Land Rover from Ford in 2008

Tata Motors LimitedTata Motors Limited

TMETCTMETC• Established in 2005 by Tata Motors as a Centre of Excellence:

– Applying contemporary automotive engineering best practice

– Drive the technology and quality of future Tata Motors Limited vehicles

– From 2008, TATA Motors Electric Vehicle Centre

Currently Located at the International Automotive Research Centre, Warwick University, UK

Purpose built Technical Centre in West Midlands, UK

EV Conversion Facility in West Midlands, UK from 2010

TATA Motors EV Strategy• Short Term

– Focussed initially on UK and Nordic Country Sales

– Plug in electric vehicles converted from existing vehicle platforms near to point of sale

– Donor vehicles volume built in IC form in India on optimised cost base

– Maximise carry over of base vehicle systems and content to improve economics

– Amongst the first OEMs into the market place

• Medium Term

– Platform design packaged to provide for both conventional and electric drivelines

• Long Term

– Entirely new vehicle configurations leveraging packaging opportunities of pure electric drives.

Tata Ace EV

Indica Vista EV

TM4 PM-Motor & Single Speed Transmission

HV PTC Heater

Power Distribution Unit

Electric Vacuum Pump

Traction Battery Charger

Super Polymer Li-Ion Traction battery

modules and battery tray

‘The Horseless Carriage’• Product wise, we are where the Internal Combustion Engine car was

at the start of the last century:– A variety of emergent technologies, deployed on vehicles manufactured

in small numbers by a wide range of OEMs and convertors

– No clear leading production ready technology in key areas, such as batteries and battery management systems.

– Lack of dedicated Electric Vehicle fuelling and support infrastructure

– Long term solution likely to be a mix of propulsion technologies (Plug In EV, Hybrids, Fuel Cells, Common Rail Diesel) but in what proportions?

• Customer Expectations are conditioned by contemporary experience:– High levels of reliability and availability

– Ever increasing levels of feature and appointment

– Vehicles becoming more affordable as cost of cars reduces in real terms

– Unrestricted availability of fuel supply

– Highly developed service and repair networks

The Supply Chain• I will conclude by focussing on an area of EV activity which I believe

will determine the production viability of EVs• As always in the Automotive Industry, cost quality and delivery

performance from Tier 1 Suppliers is vital to EV Viability• The supply base at present has the following generic characteristics:

– Low total industry volumes

– Variety of technical solutions leading to further dilution of limited sourcing volumes amongst suppliers

– Large number of start up and SME suppliers with limited or no previous automotive experience

– Lack of Quality infrastructure and investment in process capability

– Limited participation of ‘traditional’ automotive OEMs

• Coupled with an inherently high content of expensive materials, such as copper

• All of which places severe pressure on Manufacturers in terms ofbringing to market a cost effective and customer acceptable EV

The Opportunity• The previous slide presented a summary of the Supply

Chain challenge for Manufacturers of EVs.

• The Supply Chain challenge will have to be addressed and OEM’s are keen to develop suitable supply partners

• For ‘UK plc’ and for many of you, this is a tremendous opportunity to develop in a new and expanding area of activity

• A potential model would be standard core components (e.g. connectors) sourced on a world basis with system integration, software development and configuration of vehicle fit unit as a ‘Black Box’ in the UK

Thank You