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    Making Better Map Layouts with ArcGIS

    Transcript

    Copyright 2005 ESRI

    All rights reserved.

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    Presenters: Peter Kasianchuk

    Dr. Aileen Buckley

    ESRI Redlands, California

    Making Better Map

    Layouts with ArcGIS

    Good morning, afternoon, or evening, wherever you might be. My name is Peter Kasianchuk and

    I am an instructor with the Educational Services group here in Redlands, CA. And as you've

    heard, I'm joined today by Dr. Aileen Buckley, who is a cartographic researcher also here in the

    ESRI headquarters in Redlands. I too want to welcome you all to today's live training seminar,

    Making Better Map Layouts with ArcGIS.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Seminar overview

    Topics Map and layout design

    ArcMap techniques

    Map output

    Format

    Each topic includes a software demonstration, review, and

    Q & A session.

    This seminar will be divided into three topic areas: a review of map and layout design, a

    discussion of ArcMap methods to enhance or better control your map layouts, and a short section

    at the end which will review map output considerations. Each topic will include a software

    demonstration, a topic review, and a question-and-answer session. Well try to get to as many

    questions as time allows. If any of you already have a specific question you would like answered,

    now would be a great time to enter it into the queue. That way, we can have a number of your

    questions answered and ready for the first session.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Map and

    layout design

    This seminar will focus on map layout, but we do need to review some important map design

    concepts first.

    Before you turn on your computer, you should take some time with a piece of paper and sketch

    out the basic layout of your map.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Affective and substantive design

    Affective What is the look or feel of the map?

    Historical, modern, crowded, simple

    Map image from the Atlas of Oregon (2nd. Ed.),

    Copyright 2001 University of Oregon Press

    Two key concepts in cartography and map and layout design are affective and substantive design.

    Affective design relates to the map document as a whole. You might consider this the more

    artistic set of decisions you make. In the example shown here, the affective design is to create

    an historic-looking map of the Columbia River watershed during the mid-nineteenth century.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Map design considerations

    What is the map about?Who is the map for?

    How will the map be used?

    Are there technical limits?

    Map image from the Atlas of Oregon (2nd. Ed.),

    Copyright 2001 University of Oregon Press

    This seminar assumes that you already know what kind of map or maps youre going to include

    in your layout, and that you have spent time thinking about the answers to these questions.

    Although they are really more focused on map design, the four points noted here are important

    because they are part of creating a good map layout. Some basic examples of these considerations

    are: map content may be thematic, reference, or schematic; the map audience may be very general

    or specifically technical; the map may be used inside a moving vehicle or on the internet; the

    print device you choose may not have the same color range as your computer monitor. Or, as is

    the case here and throughout this seminar, maps originally created for print will appear very

    different if used on-screen.

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    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    Unbalanced layoutUnbalanced layout

    Margins may be part of your technical considerations, as different printers have different page-

    print limits.

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    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Unbalanced layout

    In this example, the white space between the three boxes on the right side may suggest that

    something is missing.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Bounding boxes

    Unbalanced layout

    Bounding boxes can make a substantial difference in how an object appears on your layout.

    Consider the fact that maps often have a white background. Without a bounding box the map

    body may appear to float in space. This may be the effect youre after. Note the example here of

    the box at the top left corner.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Bounding boxes

    Alignment

    Unbalanced layout

    In this example, the unaligned elements are intentionally exaggerated, which helps illustrate the

    concept that the layout feels unstable. Remember that your map readers will notice even small

    differences.

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    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Bounding boxes

    Alignment

    Balanced layout

    Notice how simple changes in alignment improve the layout. The margins are more consistent,

    and thus easier to read. The box at the top left is considerably more visible with a bounding

    box. And the alignment generally gives the layout more stability.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Bounding boxes

    Alignment

    Figure-ground

    Map image from the Atlas of Oregon (2nd. Ed.)Copyright 2001 University of Oregon Press

    You use the figure-ground relationship both within the map and as part of the map layout. The

    figure appears to be above or in front of the background. The ground is the general underlying

    plane beneath or behind the figure element or elements.

    Within a map layout the figure-ground can be enhanced with techniques like adding drop

    shadows around element frames, or the physical draw order of graphic elements.

    In this example, the globe in front has both light and shade added to it to enhance its prominence

    above the plane of the earth image, which is itself above the background plane of the blackness of

    space.

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    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Bounding boxes

    Alignment

    Figure-ground

    Visual contrast

    Visual contrast is another design consideration that works both within a map and a map layout,

    particularly when your layout contains more than one map.

    Are symbols visible, legible, and easily differentiated between maps? Can the map reader

    understand why youre using one or another?

    In this example, the choice of greens and browns to show differences in elevation contrasts with

    the bathymetric blues.

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    Layout design

    Balance Margins

    White space

    Bounding boxes

    Alignment

    Figure-ground

    Visual contrast

    Visual hierarchy

    Map image courtesy of Indy Hurt

    University of Redlands, MS GIS Program

    Visual hierarchy in a map layout is the intentional use of characteristics such as component size

    and position, bounded areas, or color scheme, which you use to guide the map reader to the layout

    elements you feel are most important.

    In this example, there is an obvious progression in size between the three maps. Color schemes

    and symbology are all the same, and note that a single legend applies to all three maps. The map

    author wants you to pay more attention to the information contained within the map at the top.

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    Map components

    Marginalia, map surrounds, and map elements Includes:

    Titles

    Legends

    Scale indicators

    North arrows

    Detail / overview maps

    Grids and graticules

    Text blocks

    Supporting graphics

    Well be covering technical details of how to manage some of these components in the second

    section of this seminar. However, they are an important aspect of the overall layout design and

    need to be planned early in the map creation process. These components should help support the

    overall message of the map, but should not be included automatically. For example, not all maps

    need a north arrow or scale indicator, but all maps should have a title. Photographs and aerial

    photography can pose particular challenges in this regard, as they are often dark and may draw

    too much attention away from the main purpose of the map.

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    Software

    demonstration

    This brings us to our first software demonstration where I want to show you a couple of basic

    techniques that you can use to help lay out your original map.

    Now in this case, we have a fairly straightforward example of a map with a couple of data frames,

    some scale indicators, a block of text (which is a little bit lost in here and appears to just be

    floating in space), and a graph. Now you can also see that I've intentionally exaggerated the fact

    that many of these elements are misaligned. I want to show you a simple thing that you can do

    using tools that you might not be familiar with to easily align multiple elements. I'm going to hold

    down my SHIFT key on my keyboard and click on all four of these elements. Once I've done that,

    I'll right-click and you can see that I've got a number of options here in this context menu. Here,

    I'm going to choose to align center. Let's take a look at what that does. You can see now that all

    of those elements line up. You recall that this scale bar was a little bit to the left and this scale bar

    was a little bit to the right and that these two edges here didn't match. We have now aligned all of

    these objects at once. One of the other options that you can use here is to perhaps align to the

    margins, in this case aligning to the right. So, that's one technique that you can use to easily

    enforce some alignment in your map layout and keep the lines nice and clean.

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    Another option that you can use is to add guides. You do this by clicking on the guide marker

    here in your ruler space and this blue line with a little arrow will automatically be added. In this

    case, it just so turns out that this data frame already lines up but I want the overview map of the

    United States to line up to this one as well, so I'm simply going to drag it over and it will snap to

    that guide. We'll review this briefly in the upcoming discussion in the second topic.

    What I also want to show you is that there is a context menu that you can access by right-clicking

    inside the ruler which helps you control your guides. One of the other things that I want to show

    you is how easy it is to enhance your figure-ground. As I mentioned before, this text box looks a

    little lost; it might be floating in space a little bit. So what I want to do is enhance its figure-

    ground by changing the text box properties. The first thing that I want to do is add a little bit of a

    border or bounding box, a very thin line, and I would encourage you not to use the default black

    color but take advantage of the use of gray scale. I'm also going to round this off just a little bit,

    by about 5%, to soften some of the corners. I'll also add a drop shadow to give it a bit of a raised

    effect. I'm simply going to use the default settings here and click Apply and you can see that that

    default setting for the offset might be a little extreme for this size of map. So dial that down a

    little bit, because really what you want to try and do here is be subtle with your effects. I'm also

    going to match the rounding and click OK. You can see now that this text has a little bit more of a

    presence in the bounding box.

    Those are a couple of basic techniques that you can use to enhance your layout by aligning

    various elements, by using the alignment context menu, by using grids, and I also showed you an

    easy way for you to enhance your figure-ground.

    One other technique that I want to show you is a tool that you might not be familiar with but that

    has been available with ArcGIS since version 8.3 and that's this button here called the Eye

    Dropper. You can add this to your toolbar by going to the Customize menu. Go into the

    Commands tab. These are all alphabetical now, so I'll scroll down to the Page Layout category.

    Inside of the Page Layout category, you can go to Eye Dropper. There it is right there and I

    already clicked and dragged it to my toolbar. What this tool will do is sample the pixel value in

    RGB, or red, green, blue values.

    So in this case, I'd like to take the yellow fill that's being used here for Montana and actually use

    it as a background fill for this data frame. It's a nice yellow, but I'm not sure what the color is or

    what its name might be so I simply want to click on it and sample it. You can see that the Eye

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    Review and Q & A

    Affective and substantive design

    Map design considerations

    Map layout design

    Balance, figure-ground, visual contrast and visual hierarchy

    Map components

    Photo of

    Presenters

    We started off discussing affective and substantive design and some of the differences there. And

    then a brief review of map design considerations but more detail on map layout design and I hope

    the distinction between those two is clear. We talked about balance, the figure-ground

    relationships, and how to use visual contrast and visual hierarchy to enhance your layout. We also

    briefly reviewed a few map components. Now I'd like to turn it over to Aileen to answer some of

    your questions.

    Thanks, Peter. We have a question from Libby in Phoenix who wants to know if she can use the

    Eye Dropper tool to get the color of an area that's the result of transparencies. For example, a

    polygon overlaid on an air photo or an elevation tint overlaid on a hill shade, and yes, it works

    exactly the same for the overlay colors and tints.

    We also have a question from Brian in Fresno who wants to know if there are plans for ArcGIS to

    support multiple layouts in the future. We don't have this capability right now and you won't see

    it in 9.2 when it's released but this is certainly something that we're working on for development

    in future releases.

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    We have a question from Tess in Washington, D.C. who wants to know, How do I get the look

    in the Crater Lake National Park that you had where there was a muted look outside the park

    boundary?

    To create that effect, we created a polygon that was the area outside of the park and then we set

    the polygon fill color to white and the transparency to about 50%. You can also set the

    transparency of a single feature in a layer. Say for example we had a polygon coverage or

    polygon layer and there was one feature in it that was the national park. For that particular feature

    in that layer, you could set the transparency differently from the other features. To do that you

    would go to Layer Properties and in the Symbology tab, look for a button that's called Advanced.

    If you click on it, you'll see there's an option to pick transparency. When you click on that, you

    will find there is an indication to identify a field in your layer that has a transparency value that's

    based on percent. So be sure to add that transparency field value to your layer first.

    Finally, we have a question from Lance in Apple Valley who wants to know how we got that

    faded boundary look that was on the historic map we showed. You can create that effect using

    something that is called a coastal vignette, which essentially uses a series of buffered rings and

    you set the colors and the transparencies of them to give you that faded-out look for the boundary.

    The step-by-step instructions for this are available on our Knowledge Base Web site and there's a

    technical article there called What are coastal vignettes and how can I create them? so look for

    the information in that article. Okay, Peter?

    Thank you, Aileen, and please keep your questions coming.

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    ArcMap

    techniques

    In this section we will discuss methods you use in ArcMap to support your layout design

    decisions. First, well review page property settings, then a couple of data frame properties. Well

    look at how to manage layout text and graphics, and last, review the ArcMap Advanced Settings

    utility.

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    Page properties and techniques

    Set grids and guides

    One of the first things you should do, perhaps even before you move to layout view in ArcMap, is

    set up your page-snapping and alignment environments. These settings are part of the ArcMap

    application options, and are stored within the map document or map template as part of the layout

    parameters. For example, page units, grid mesh size, and snapping elements are all controlled

    through these settings.

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    Page properties and techniques

    Set grids and guides

    Use them to align and distribute page elements

    As you have just seen, you can select multiple elements and align them in various ways. You can

    access these through the context menu

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    Page properties and techniques

    Set grids and guides

    Use them to align and distribute page elements

    Use Graphics toolbar

    ... or use the Graphics toolbar. The Graphics toolbar is available with the core toolbars in ArcMap

    at all licence levels.

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    Data frame properties

    Clip the data frame

    Data frame properties include many settings you can use to support your layout design. One

    example is to clip a data frame. As shown in this example, there may be times when your layout

    will need to include oddly shaped extents or areas that are too widely spaced to fit within a single

    data frame.

    We will show you how to do this in the next software demonstration.

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    Data frame properties

    Clip the data frame

    Add reference grids, measured grids, or graticules

    Map reference grids and graticules should be considered early in your layout design process. As

    you can see on the bottom left corner of this image, these can present a design challenge,

    especially if youre going to include more than one.

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    Data frame properties

    Clip the data frame

    Add reference grids, measured grids, or graticules

    But with intentional design, grids and graticules add more information and functionality to your

    layout. In this example, the gray bars on this reference-grid neatline correspond to 100-meter and

    200-foot increments.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Modify default settings in ArcMap

    Run the ArcMap Advanced Settings utility

    \\Program Files\ArcGIS\Utilities\AdvancedArcMapSettings.exe

    Color ramp

    Color palette for graphs

    Map background color

    Marker size

    Line width

    Rotate annotation and

    curve with projection

    System paths for styles,

    templates, and temp print

    output

    TOC patch size/shape

    Rotate markers

    Printer settings

    Earlier in this section we discussed the page layout grids and snapping elements which apply to

    your layout view. Recall that these settings are saved as part of the MXD or MXT properties, and

    may not persist into new layouts when you relaunch ArcMap.

    You may want to change ArcMap default settings to support your specific map layout needs in a

    more permanent way. You can do this easily by using the ArcMap Advanced Settings utility. As

    you can see from the list here, you can set a wide range of defaults for ArcMap that will persist

    every time you launch the application. This utility is installed as part of the default ArcGIS

    product, and is stored in the path as shown on the slide.

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    Software

    demonstration

    This brings us to our second software demonstration where I want to take a look at treating text

    and clipping a data frame. So there's the example that we saw earlier in the slide. One of the first

    things that I want to do is georeference the text and I'll show you how you can do that.

    Now in this case we'll start with the default behavior. I'll zoom in on the bottom left-hand corner

    and I'm going to add some spline text. Nice curve here, let's try this againdouble clickwell,

    this is interesting. It's new behavior every timethere we go. I'm going to right-click over that

    because I want to make this text look a little more ocean-y and I'll change this to one of the

    default lists that we have here of Ocean text where we've got some settings for default font styles

    and types and spacing and such. I'm going to click OK and you can see that now I have some

    nice Pacific Ocean text out there with the nice curve. But lets say I need to pan or zoom my

    map and I need to include some additional information. You see that as I zoom over the Pacific

    Ocean [the text] hasn't moved from the page unit that it was put into and now it lies on top of

    California, which is not the behavior that we want. I'm going to zoom back to my previous extent

    and delete that text. I'm going to make one significant changeclick the Focus Data Frame

    button here on my layout toolbar and you'll see now that it has this hatched outline. I'm going to

    do the same thing, adding the same spline text, give it that gentle curvethere we go. I won't go

    through changing the font elementwell, I should be cartographically consistent, and so I will.

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    So, I'm going to zoom out a little bit. Before clipping the data frame, the first thing that you need

    to do (and it's quite important), is to make sure that you are actually working with a focused data

    frame. So again, in this case, I only have the one data frame so I don't need to worry about that

    too much but you might have layouts with multiple data frames. Now what I want to do is clip

    this data frame to a particular graphic. In this case I'm going to start withand this will be a

    multistep processa regular rectangle. In this case, a regular rectangle might have the same

    appearance of just zooming in. As I mentioned, this is a two-step process because what I want to

    do is now clip out this section in here using another graphic shape which I can then draw on top

    of the existing graphic shape. That's why I changed the fills so that I could see what I was doing.

    I'm going to hold down my SHIFT key and select them both and right-click and hopefully I'll get

    a graphic menu here which will allow me to do a subtraction. Go back to making sure that it's

    thethere we go. Under Graphic Operations, one of the options that I have here is Subtract.

    What it's showing you here is that the graphic object with the green handles is the subordinate

    object and the graphic object with the blue handles is the parent object. So I'm going to subtract

    that second one from the first one. So now what I've got is my outline of the graphic that I want

    to use to clip my data frame. I can then move to the Data Frame Properties, go to the Data Frame

    tab, move to the bottom and enable the Clip to Shape functionality. Specify that shape and you'll

    see that I have three options here. One is the Outline of Features where I can actually bring in

    any number of existing feature class layers to clip my data frame, but the example that I'm

    showing you here is the Outline of Selected Graphics. Custom Extent simply allows you to

    define a specific rectangle in a coordinate system, but here the Outline of Selected Graphics is

    what I want to show you. I'm also going to give this a nice thick border to show you what's going

    on, click OK and you can see now that the data frame is clipped to the output. The background I

    will need to change so that I don't have a blue fill all over everything. Click OK, no color, and

    there's a clipped data frame.

    Okay, that's the end of our second demo. Let's do a quick topic review and also give you a

    review question.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Review question

    Which decisions are part of affective layout design?A) Page size and layout orientation

    B) If the map layout is 'open, crowded, light, or dark

    C) What your map is about

    D) Font sets, color palettes, and line weights

    To submit your answer, click A, B, C, or D then click the

    Send button.

    And here's our review question. This refers back to basically the first slide. Which decisions are

    part of affective layout design? Are they page size and layout orientation? Decisions of whether

    the map layout is open, crowded, light, or dark? What is your map about? Or "D," what font sets,

    color palettes, or line weights do you want to use? We'll come back to the answers after we get to

    some more of your questions.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Review and Q & A

    ArcMap techniques

    Page properties

    Data frame properties

    Layout text and graphics

    ArcMap Advanced Settings utility

    Photo of

    Preseters

    So in this section we reviewed some ArcMap techniques that you can use to support your layout

    design decisions such as page properties, grids, guides, spacing, etc.; some data frame properties

    such as how to clip a data frame, how to treat layout text and graphics so that they are referenced

    to your data frame or your page units, and we reviewed something called the ArcMap Advanced

    Settings utility. This brings us to some more questions. Aileen?

    Thanks a lot, Peter. We have Margo in the Netherlands who wants to know if you can also get

    CMYK values when you use the Eye Dropper tool.

    Well, there is no way to change the color model that's used to specify the color in the Eye

    Dropper tool but as Peter mentioned, those colors are stored in your personal style, so if you open

    up your style manager by clicking on Tools on the top bar menu, then Styles, then Style Manager,

    when you click on colors and select any of the colors there, you can right-click and see its

    properties and here you can change the color model. Up at the top there's a little drop-down

    arrow. You could change the default RGB to either CMYK (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black),

    or HSV, which is hue saturation and value. Once you change that color model, the new values

    will appear. Now remember though that the name itself is already specified just as a number for

    RGB value.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Map output

    Now that you have spent some time creating a professional layout, you want to ensure that your

    work looks the same in its final form as it does on your computer monitor.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Map output options

    Print from ArcMap

    Export map to file

    Copy to clipboard

    Save as template (*.mxt)

    ArcMap provides you with three output options for map layouts: print directly from the

    application, export the map to an external file format that other applications might use, and copy

    the map to the Windows OS clipboard to paste into another Windows-based application.

    Another method you should take advantage of is to store the layout as a map template or .mxt file.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Map output options

    Print from ArcMap

    Export map to file

    Copy to clipboard

    Save as template (*.mxt)

    Publisher extension

    creates *.pmf

    ArcIMS

    reads *.mxd

    Outside of ArcMap you can use the Publisher extension to create a .pmf file, which is a

    compressed version of a map with the option of including the actual map data. Or, you can

    publish the ArcMap .mxd file to the internet by using ArcIMS.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Output considerations

    Printer settings Paper quality

    Custom sizes

    ArcMap print driver

    ArcPress

    Windows

    PostScript

    Regardless of which output method you choose, you will need to define a set of parameters. Each

    output option requires different considerations. Printer settings, for example, are different

    between devices and will need to be reset if the map is sent to different computers. ArcPress is

    now available with all licence levels of ArcGIS, as is the default Windows print driver; but

    PostScript is only available with printers which have the software loaded on them.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Output considerations

    Printer settings Paper quality

    Custom sizes

    ArcMap print driver

    ArcPress

    Windows

    PostScript

    Output file formats

    Vector

    Raster

    File format parameters

    You can choose to export your layout to any of 11 different file formats. Each has a slightly

    different set of output parameters which you should investigate. Also, some file formats have

    advantages over others depending on the intended use of your map. For example, SVG is a good

    Web-ready file format, while PDF is a good way to save file space and share your map document.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Output considerations

    Printer settings Paper quality

    Custom sizes

    ArcMap print driver

    ArcPress

    Windows

    PostScript

    Output file formats

    Vector

    Raster

    File format parameters

    Transparency and rasterization on output

    An important issue to be aware of is what happens to transparent layers when the layout is sent to

    output. Any transparent layers and any others drawn beneath them will be converted to raster.

    This means that line features and text may be rasterized on output, resulting in a pixelated

    appearance to your map. In addition, this may inflate the size of the output file, especially if the

    layout has large areas covered with transparent layers. This may slow down the map export or

    printing process. We will show you a setting which you might use to try to alleviate this issue in

    the software demonstration, which is next.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    Software

    demonstration

    So, that moves us to our last software demonstration, a brief review of some of the dialogs that

    you use for output.

    Let's first move to the Page and Print Setup. In this case, I want to set up a default generic printer.

    The straightforward purpose of this dialog is for you to confirm that the printer settings and the

    map are literally on the same page, because until the time that you actually go to print your

    layout, your map units and page size can be anything you want them to be in ArcMap. However,

    once you select a print device, you need to confirm that your map settings are even possible. For

    example, page sizes in your map layout might not be supported on a particular printer. The printer

    information is loaded in here, in this Paper section. What we've got are the printer properties

    being read in from your Windows Operating System for, in this case, a generic Windows printer.

    That's where this Page size library is being read from. It's actually the printer settings that are

    available here. Your map settings, on the other hand, until you check this box, could be anything

    you want. It turns out that our map document happens to be 8.5 x 11. But, let's say that we wanted

    to change the orientation. You actually get a dynamic interfacing here which shows you the

    changes going on between your settings. Currently, we have independent behavior between the

    paper size on the printer and my map page size. By checking on Use Printer Paper Settings, a

    couple of things happen. First of all, you'll notice that I can no longer change the actual page size.

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    It's going to be read in from these paper settings. What you've also got is Show Printer Margins

    on Layout. This is an important setting to have. You can move back to layout view and make sure

    that your map information isn't somewhere within boundaries that might not be printed. That's a

    basic review of the Page and Print Setup. It's really quite a straightforward interface.

    The next thing that we want to take a look at is Print. Once you've set up your printer settings,

    you now have a couple of choices about what to do with your printer. I want to point out some

    differences here on just this area right in here. By default, the printer engine that we've selected is

    ArcPress Printer, but I want to show you what's going on with the Windows Printer and the

    Properties button. As you can see, the Windows Printer Properties are simply those that we saw

    in the earlier dialog being read in directly from the printer. What this means is that your Windows

    Operating System is just using the defaults that you've set. On the other hand, should you choose

    to use the ArcPress Printer, the properties change. As you can see, you need to select a color

    driver. In this case, we don't have a Hewlett-Packard printer. We have an extensive library of

    Hewlett-Packard color management options, and you'll need to set this here. You can also select a

    default screen resolution. I would caution you against going too high.; this may result in a very

    large output file. You've also got the Color Adjustment tab which is really for expert use only. I

    should also mention the Output Image Quality section which defines the resampling ratio should

    your map layout have any raster informationeither raster data, imagery, or as we've just

    mentioned, any transparent layers. This is an important note. You may notice that your file gets

    very large when you go to output, even if you don't have any rasters. It might be because you

    have transparencies, and it might be possible that you've dialed up your quality imagery

    resampling to 1:1, which is really meant for extremely high-end printing. What this is essentially

    saying is that every pixel in your raster is going to be included in that output file, and it may

    result in something very large. So there's a tradeoff there. You may need to sacrifice a small

    amount of quality, which you might not even see on your printer, for a smaller file size.

    Those are the only two things that I really wanted to show you here. It's really all about trying to

    preserve the layout properties that you spent so much time on in ArcMap.

    One of the other output options we were discussing was exporting your map. I want to take a look

    at a couple of settings. I've simply expanded the Options key here, and here's the list of file types

    that you can use to export to. We're simply going to take a look at the properties of a couple of

    the more commonly used onefor example, PDF. How many times have those of you who have

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    exported to PDF had your map opened by some other destination computer and the map doesn't

    look right? The symbols don't look right or the font hasn't printed properly. Show of hands? Yes,

    I'm sure this has happened to a few of you. What's going on here is that with ArcMap, it may be

    drawing on symbol sets or font types that are defaults installed with ArcGIS. When you export

    your PDF and send it to another computer that doesn't have ArcGIS, it may not have that font

    library available. The setting under the Format tab that you want to pay attention to here is Embed

    All Document Fonts. By default, this is off. If you're going to be exporting to PDF, make sure

    you check this. What it means is that any of the symbol fonts or text fonts that you might have

    used that are specific to ArcGIS will be embedded into the PDF. It won't inflate your file size

    very much, but what it will ensure is that anybody who opens the PDF on another machine that

    doesn't have ArcGIS will have a map that looks exactly as you intended.

    Another file export format that I want to bring your attention to is TIFF, which has a couple of

    special choices on it. You can write a World file, or if you're exporting to GeoTIFF, you can

    write GeoTIFF Tags. You'll notice that these are grayed out. This is the reason that I point this

    out here. This will be enabled if you are exporting your map from data view because the

    coordinates are going to be read in from the data view values.

    That's really all I wanted to review with this particular software demojust a couple of things on

    the output considerations.

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    get that sort of hatched border), anything you added while the data frame was focused, will rotate

    with the data frame. If you added graphics or text that was not during a focused data frame, that

    won't rotate when you rotate the data frame. One other thing I want to mention about that is, for

    any marker symbols or other text, make sure to check out the Advanced ArcMap Settings to

    enable an option to rotate them when you rotate the data frame. The default is that they won't

    rotate with the rotated data frame.

    That brings us to a second question which is from Charles in Fulton who wanted us to remind

    him and you where to find the Advanced ArcMap Settings utility. What you need to do is go to

    Program Files then ArcGIS then Utilities and you'll find that Advanced ArcMap Settings.

    We also have a question from Karen in British Columbia who wants to know if she can use

    advanced settings that I was just talking about, to set a default text style.

    No, you can't, because there are too many different places where you would have that default text

    style coming in. But, you can set default properties for graphic text. To do that, what you need to

    do is go to the Draw toolbar and next to Drawing there is a drop-down arrow. Click on that and

    the bottom option is Default Symbol Properties. If you click on that, there is an option to set the

    symboled defaults for any text symbology you add. This is graphic text. Just click on that symbol,

    set the properties to be what you want, and any text you add will now be using that default

    setting. While you're in this dialog, take a look around because you can also set default marker,

    line, fill, and even callout symbology. You may want to change some other things while you are

    in there as well.

    We have a question from Brian in Oregon who wants to know if you can use different text effects

    in a text block, and the answer is yes. To do that, what you're going to use is something called a

    formatting text tag. Once you've added a block of text, in the Text Properties dialog, look down to

    the bottom left-hand side and you'll see a little box that says About Formatting Text. If you click

    on that, you'll get a whole bunch of information about how to use these formatting text tags.

    Here's a simple hintjust copy and paste from that little open dialog window to make your job a

    little bit easier when you are formatting your own text.

    We also have a question from Jonathan in Boston who wants to know if we support PDF layers,

    and right now, we don't; but we are considering this for future development.

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    I'll end with a question from Charlie in Kansas who wants to know about setting the line widths

    and the text sizes that then come out funny after exporting. He says, I had 9-point fonts, and now

    I have 8.92 or something strange like that. Why is that happening and what do I do?

    Instead of exporting at the default 300 dpi, use 360 dpi or any number that is divisible by 72 and

    then, when you export, all those values should be okay.

    Okay, Peter?

    Thank you, Aileen. And thank you for some excellent questions.

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    Copyright 2004 ESRI. All rights reserved.

    For more informationVirtual Campus course

    Cartographic Design Using ArcGIS 9

    Instructor-led training

    Cartography with ArcGIS

    Books

    Designing Better Maps A Guide for GIS User

    Cynthia A. Brewer ESRI Press

    Making Maps A Visual Guide to Map Design for GIS

    John Krygier & Dennis Wood Guildford 2005

    Online resourcesBasemap Data Model

    http://support.esri.com

    (Downloads tab > Data Models > Basemap link)

    For more information, we have a number of sources including a Virtual Campus course and a

    three-day instructor-led course. There are also two books that I highly recommend that were

    published earlier this year. Aileen has also mentioned on a couple of occasions the support Web

    site, which has a lot of good information on some of the techniques you've seen here in addition

    to other cartographic principles.

    We hope you enjoyed todays seminar. On behalf of ESRI, Id like to thank you all for attending.