Managing Behavior in an Organization

7/31/2019 Managing Behavior in an Organization

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OBJECTIVES

After 2 hours of discussion, themasterands will be able to:

1. Value the importance ofleadership in the worksetting strongly.

2. Identify correctly thefunctions and characteristicsof leadership.

3. Distinguish leadership frommanagement properly.


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4. Familiarize the developmentof leadership andmanagement skillsaccurately.

5. Recognize power, itssources and empowerment

thoroughly.6. Define communication, its

forms and barriers precisely.

7. Demonstrate listening skills

cooperatively.


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A. LEADERSHIP

-process of influence in whichthe leader influences otherstoward goal achievement(Yukl, 1998)

-occur between leader andanother individual, leader

and a group, leader and anorganization, community orsociety

-can be formal leadership or

informal leadership


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FUNCTIONS AND

CHARACTERISTICS

FUNCTIONS:

1. clarification of vision, goals,and objectives;

2. making decisions andsolving problems;

3. strategic and tacticalplanning;

4. training;

5. coordinating and

integration;


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6. represent the organization;

7. managing and resolvingconflicts;

8. motivation of followers;

9. assigning tasks;

10. maintaining positive andsmooth workingrelationships;

11. participation and not

being aloof;


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12. evaluation of self and offollowers;

13. forming groups,coaching them anddelegating responsibility tothem;

14. communication (themost important function ofleadership).


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Characteristics

*according to Bennis &Nannus, there are threefundamental qualities thateffective leaders share

1.Guiding Vision2.Passion3.Integrity


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Leadership VS Management

1.Position

2.Power Base

3.Goals/Vision4.Innovative ideas5.Risk level

6.Degree of order7.Nature of activities8.Focus9.Perspective


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10. Degree of freedom

11. Actions


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Development of Leadershipand Management Skils1. Have a clear vision of

yourself, others, and the

world.

2. Know and utilize yourstrengths and gifts.

3. Live in accordance with your

morals and values.

4. Lead others withinclusiveness andcompassion.


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5. Set definitive goals andfollow concrete action plans.

6. Maintain a positive attitude.

7. Improve communicationskills.

8. Motivate others togreatness.

9. Be willing to admit andlearn from failures andweaknesses.

10. Continue to educate andimprove yourself.


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Traits affecting leaderseffectiveness1. Proactiveness.

2. Imagination andConscience.

3. Willpower.

4. Think Win/Win.

5. Courage Balanced withConsideration.

6. Synergy.

7. Continuous Improvement or

Self-Renewal.


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B. Power

Power - ability to create, get,and use resources to

achieve ones goals.

-ability to influence othersor affect others thinking orbehavior.

Levels of Power

1.Personal2.Professional

3.Organizational


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Accountability - theacknowledgment andassumption of responsibility

for actions, products,decisions, and policies


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Sources of Power

- diverse and vary from onesituation to another

- combination of consciousand unconscious factors thatallow an individual toinfluence others to do as the

individual wants (Fisher &Koch. 1996)


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Types of Power

1.Expert

2.Legitimate

3.Referent4.Reward5.Coercive

6.Connection7.Information


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Empowerment

-process of power sharing byinvolvement in the decision-

making process (Kelly and Joel2005)

-process of personal growth anddevelopment (Kuokkaken 2003)

-form of capacity building, in which

ones capacity to influence othersis enhanced by an increase in anyof the sources of power (Frenchand Raven, 1959)


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C. Organizational Communication

Communication -is aninteractive process that

occurs when a person (thesender) sends a verbal ornonverbal message toanother person (the

receiver) and receivesfeedback.


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Forms of Communication

1.Formal

2.Informal

3.Upward4.Downward5.Horizontal

6.Spoken7.Written8.Nonverbal


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Barriers to effectiveCommunication1. Language

2.Gender

3. Culture4. Anger5. Generational differences

6. Illiteracy7. Conflict


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OvercomingCommunication Barriers1. Understand the receiver

2. Communicate assertively

3. Use two-waycommunication

4. Unite with a commonvocabulary

5. Elicit verbal and nonverbalfeedback

6. Enhance listening skills


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7. Be sensitive to culturaldifferences

8. Be sensitive to genderdifferences

9. Engage inmetacommunication


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Importance of Listening

Listening - is a communicationtechnique that requires the

listener to feed back whathe hears to the speaker, byway of re-stating orparaphrasing what he has

heard in his own words, toconfirm what he has heardand moreover, to confirmthe understanding of bothparties.


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The ability to listen activelydemonstrates sincerity, and

that nothing is beingassumed or taken forgranted. Active listening ismost often used to improve

personal relationships,reduce misunderstandingand conflicts, strengthencooperation, and fosterunderstanding


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Developing Listening Skills

1.Minimize both internal andexternal distractions

2.Adjust your listening to thesituation.

3.Showyoure listening byyour nonverbal

communication.

4.determine the mostimportant points anddevelop a method to

remember them.


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5. demonstrate empathy.

6. Save advice for anothertime

7. Dont interrupt.8. Dont prejudge a persons

message by the way helooks.

9. Stay focused on the subject10. Remain clearheaded, even

if the topic is emotional.


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Managing Behavior in an Organization