MANUAL ON BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT...BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT Dr K Srinivas Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2 Any waste generated during Diagnosis, Immunisation, Treatment of

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BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

Dr K Srinivas

Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited


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Any waste generated during Diagnosis,

Immunisation, Treatment of Human

Beings/ Animals or in Research

activities of Biologicals/ Animal

Research, Slaughter of Animals or

otherwise Infected Wastes

BMW - Definition


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Responsibility of Occupier

It shall be the duty of every occupier of an institution generating bio-medical waste which includes a hospital, nursing home, clinics, dispensary, veterinary institution, animal house, pathological laboratory, blood bank by whatever name called to take all steps to ensure that such waste is handled without any adverse effect to human health and the environment.


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Why Manage BMW

Social and Moral Responsibility

Infection Control Institutions should not become a source of Infection Spreading

Increased Awareness in the Society

Fear of AIDS, Hepatitis...

Environmental Action Groups Pressure

NGOs, Local residents

Legal Framework

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 Bio-Medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules 1998


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INFRASTRUCTURE

• Incinerator

• Autoclave

• Shredder

• Sharps Pit / Sharps Encapsulation

• Vehicle / Container Wash Facility

• ETP

• Waste Treatment Shed

• Main Waste Storage Room

• Treated Waste Storage Room

• Administrative Room

• DG Set

• Site Security

• Parking Bay

• Sign Board

• Wash Room

• Green Belt

• Other Facilities


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Green Hospitals

Pollution control :

Provide control equipment for Incinerator emissions

Control noise from equipment, DG

Water conservation :

Design ETP for 100 % recycling of wastewater

(zero discharge)

Energy conservation :

Install all electrical equipment having 4 or 5 star rating

Design buildings, sheds such that proper ventilation, lighting and use of air conditioning


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Segregation…

BMW shall not be mixed with other wastes

Shall be segregated into containers/ bags at source

All containers/ bags to be labeled

Shall not be stored beyond 48 Hrs without prior permission

MSW to be picked up by MC’s


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Colour Coded Segregation

Anatomical wastes (Incineration): Yellow Bag

Syringes, IV Bottles, Blood Bags, Other Plastic, Glass and Metal Wastes (Autoclave) : Red Bag

Sharps: Needles, Cut Glass, Scalpel Blades, Scissors : Puncture Proof Containers

Cytotoxics: Black


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Segregation at Source


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INCINERATION Dual chamber incinerator with temperatures 800±500C in the

primary combustion chamber and 1050±500C in the secondary combustion chamber.

A PLC (Programmable Logic Control) based control system with automatic graphic display and recording system shall be utilized


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Incinerators (other models)


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AUTOCLAVE Disinfection by autoclave having adequate capacity, PLC system

for controlling desired temperature, pressure and cycle time, proper waste loading and all safety systems


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Autoclaves (other models)


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SHREDDING Shred the autoclaved waste at slow speed not more than 50

rpm, and pack the same and store under covered shed till the same is disposed / sold to a registered recycler.


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E T P

The wastewater from the incinerator scrubber, floor washings from the waste storage / process plant sheds, wastewater from truck / container / bins wash and any other contaminated water shall be collected into the ETP collection tank for treatment.

Design the ETP for primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of all wastewater generated from the operations such that the treated water should be able to reuse for the plant operations and there is no discharge of water


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E T P


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DISPOSABLES Disinfected waste shall be stored in a covered shed

till it is disposed / sold to a registered recycler.

The disinfected sharps shall be preferably stored in a sharp pit / bunker till they are disposed off.

The incinerator ash shall be stored in a container or bags under covered roof / shed till it is disposed off to a TSDF.


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Health, Safety and Environment

The following are part of Green Hospital Design

Adequate greenbelt

Provide appropriate and fire and safety equipment

Use of Personal Protective Equipment

Good housekeeping


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THANK YOU

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MANUAL ON BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT...BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT Dr K Srinivas Ramky Enviro Engineers Limited 2 Any waste generated during Diagnosis, Immunisation, Treatment of