Mathematical Mathematical VocabularyVocabularyFlash CardsFlash Cards

© Brent Coley 2008 | www.mrcoley.com© Brent Coley 2008 | www.mrcoley.com

SumSum

The answer to anThe answer to an

addition (addition (++) problem) problem

DifferenceDifference

The answer to aThe answer to a

subtraction (subtraction (--) problem) problem

ProductProduct

The answer to a The answer to a

multiplication (multiplication (x x oror **) problem) problem

QuotientQuotient

The answer to aThe answer to a

division (division (÷÷)) problem problem

FactorsFactors

Numbers that will evenly Numbers that will evenly divide into another numberdivide into another number

(the numbers you can multiply (the numbers you can multiply together to get another number)together to get another number)

Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12Factors of 12: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12

(1 (1 * * 12, 2 12, 2 * * 6, 3 6, 3 * * 4)4)

Prime NumberPrime Number

A whole number greater than A whole number greater than 1 that has 1 that has only twoonly two factors: factors:

1 and itself1 and itself(The only way to get the (The only way to get the

number is to multiplynumber is to multiply1 times itself.)1 times itself.)

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, …2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, …

Composite NumberComposite Number

A number that has A number that has more than more than twotwo factors factors

(there is more than one way to (there is more than one way to multiply to get the number)multiply to get the number)

““9”: 1 9”: 1 * * 9, 3 9, 3 * * 33

““12”: 1 12”: 1 * * 12, 2 12, 2 * * 6, 3 6, 3 * * 44

Prime FactorizationPrime Factorization

A factor tree – breaking a A factor tree – breaking a number down into its prime number down into its prime

factorsfactors

44 44

1616

22 22 22 22

16 = 2 16 = 2 ** 2 2 ** 2 2 ** 2 2

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

The biggest factor of two or The biggest factor of two or more numbersmore numbers

The GCF of 12 and 18 is The GCF of 12 and 18 is 66..

Factors of 12 Factors of 12 →→ 1, 2, 3, 4, 1, 2, 3, 4, 66, 12, 12

Factors of 18 Factors of 18 →→ 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 66, 9, 18, 9, 18

Least Common Multiple (LCM)Least Common Multiple (LCM)

Smallest number that is a Smallest number that is a multiple of two or more multiple of two or more

numbersnumbers

The LCM of 3 and 4 is 12.The LCM of 3 and 4 is 12.

3 3 →→ 3, 6, 9, 3, 6, 9, 1212

4 4 →→ 4, 8, 4, 8, 1212

Parts of a FractionParts of a Fraction

¾¾ Numerator = top numberNumerator = top number

Denominator = bottom numberDenominator = bottom number

ExponentExponent

Tells how many times the Tells how many times the base number is being base number is being

multiplied by itselfmultiplied by itself

2233 = 2 = 2 ** 2 2 ** 2 2

exponentexponentbase base numbernumber

Parallel LinesParallel Lines

When two lines are always When two lines are always the same distance apart the same distance apart (they will (they will nevernever touch) touch)

Perpendicular LinesPerpendicular Lines

When two lines intersect to When two lines intersect to form a right angle (90form a right angle (90°)°)

PerimeterPerimeter

The distance The distance aroundaround a two- a two-dimensional figuredimensional figure

To find the To find the perimeter, perimeter, add add all the sidesall the sides of of the figure.the figure.

Perimeter = sum of Perimeter = sum of allall sides sides

Area of a RectangleArea of a Rectangle

The amount of space The amount of space insideinside the rectanglethe rectangle

Area = base Area = base ** height height

basebase

heightheightTo find the To find the area, area, multiply multiply the base times the base times the heightthe height..

Area of a TriangleArea of a Triangle

The amount of space The amount of space insideinside the trianglethe triangle

Area = ½ (base Area = ½ (base ** height) height)

To find the area,To find the area, multiply the multiply the base times the base times the height, then height, then divide by 2divide by 2..

basebase

heightheight

VolumeVolume

The amount of space The amount of space insideinside a a three-dimensional figurethree-dimensional figure

To find the To find the volume, volume, multiply base multiply base times height times height times depthtimes depth..

Volume = base Volume = base ** height height ** depth depth

basebase

depthdepth

heightheight

RadiusRadius

A line segment from the A line segment from the center of a circle to any center of a circle to any

point on the circlepoint on the circle

radiusradius

DiameterDiameter

A line segment that passes A line segment that passes through the center of a through the center of a

circlecircle

diameterdiameter

CircumferenceCircumference

The distance The distance aroundaround a circle a circle

diameterdiameter

Circumference = Circumference = ππ ** diameter diameter

To find the To find the circumference, circumference, multiply multiply ππ (3.14) (3.14) by the diameterby the diameter..

Area of a CircleArea of a Circle

The amount of space The amount of space insideinside the circlethe circle

radiusradius

Area = Area = ππ ** radius radius22

To find the area, To find the area, multiply multiply ππ (3.14) (3.14) by the squared by the squared radiusradius..

MaximumMaximum

The The largestlargest number in a set number in a set of numbers.of numbers.

1, 5, 9, 12, 17, 19, 1, 5, 9, 12, 17, 19, 2020

Maximum = Maximum = 2020

MinimumMinimum

The The smallestsmallest number in a set number in a set of numbers.of numbers.

11, 5, 9, 12, 17, 19, 20, 5, 9, 12, 17, 19, 20

Minimum = Minimum = 11

RangeRange

The The differencedifference between the between the maximum and minimummaximum and minimum

(maximum – minimum)(maximum – minimum)

1, 5, 9, 12, 17, 19, 201, 5, 9, 12, 17, 19, 20

Range = Range = 1919

Max. (20) – Min. (1) = 19Max. (20) – Min. (1) = 19

MeanMean

The The averageaverage. Add up all the . Add up all the numbers and divide by how numbers and divide by how many numbers you added.many numbers you added.

2, 3, 5, 7, 82, 3, 5, 7, 8

Mean = Mean = 55

(The five numbers add up to 25. (The five numbers add up to 25. 25 ÷ 5 = 5) 25 ÷ 5 = 5)

ModeMode

The number that occurs The number that occurs mostmost often.often.

1, 5, 5, 1, 5, 5, 99, , 99, , 99, 11, 13, 11, 13

Mode = Mode = 99

(There are more 9’s than any (There are more 9’s than any other number.)other number.)

MedianMedian

The The middlemiddle number when the number when the numbers are lined up numbers are lined up

smallest to largestsmallest to largest

1, 5, 9, 1, 5, 9, 1212, 17, 19, 20, 17, 19, 20

Median = Median = 1212

Title image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons. Title image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons. Used with permission.Used with permission.