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1 Jean-Marie Baggio Pre-Startup Group Leader World Association of Nuclear Operators Maximizing the Safety and Reliability of Nuclear Power Plants

Maximizing the Safety and Reliability of Nuclear Power Plants · PDF fileMaximizing the Safety and Reliability of ... WANO’s Mission to maximize the safety and reliability of nuclear

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Page 1: Maximizing the Safety and Reliability of Nuclear Power Plants · PDF fileMaximizing the Safety and Reliability of ... WANO’s Mission to maximize the safety and reliability of nuclear

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Jean-Marie Baggio Pre-Startup Group Leader

World Association of Nuclear Operators

Maximizing the Safety and Reliability of Nuclear Power Plants

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How can the nuclear industryanswer people’s concerns?

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Three Mile Island 1979

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Lessons learnedRegulation alone is not enough;

Work together, strive for excellence.

INPO

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Chernobyl 1986

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Lessons learned Similar conclusions Utilities are not only responsible for their own

fleets, but also collectively responsible for continuous improvement worldwide

WANOWANO is a voluntary & non-profitable organisationAll commercial NPPs in the world are WANO Members

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Public Opinion

Our industry has not yet completely recovered from Chernobyl

In many parts of the world, public opinion is changing favourably

One single accident can tip this over againfor many years

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Working Together in WANO

To enhance nuclear safety and reliability,WANO members have dual responsibilities:

Individual responsibilityto improve their own plant

Collective responsibilityto help assist other plants

One big accident will fail the nuclear power ’We are hostages of each other’

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What benefit

can a New Member

obtain from other operators

through WANO?

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Early engagement with WANO is beneficial for new entrants

Early Construction Stage

Construction/Commissioning Stage

Pre-startup Stage

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Early Construction Stage Members can obtain operating experience

of existing plants and can use them tofeedback to their design

e.g. Event Analysis Report (EAR)Significant Operating Experience Report (SOER)

Members can obtain information regarding site organization structure, and other preparation work like training through benchmarking with existing stations

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Construction/Commissioning Stage

Members can obtain technical information on construction and commissioning through Technical Support Missions (TSM)

Members can obtain latest technical information through benchmarking with other construction units

Members can feed back construction stage information through WANO Operating Experience program (OE)

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Pre-startup Stage

Members can use WANO Guidelines in preparing for operation, maintenance & engineering activities

Members can conduct self-evaluation through WANO Pre-Startup Peer Review

Members can train station personnel through WANO workshop, seminar & training activities

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1 Year

6-8 Months9 Months (max)

Business case for membership; WANO Chairman & MD with CEO

Programme discussions; produce project plan

Assist OE feedback; focus on design• Grid• Civils• QA/QC• Config Mgmt

Call for tender Contract award Operators trained and licensed

Begin cold integrated tests

Begin hot tests

Fuel load

First criticality

Pre-Startup Peer Review

Pre-startup assessment

Assist Ops recruit and training

Assist in operational processes

Assist structure for commiss-ioning

Idealised new plant start-up interaction with WANO

Timing based on discussion between WANO and station

WANO Support to IAEA and newcomers. Focus awareness of:• OE• Nuclear Safety Culture• Operational Processes

Selected OE available to members, vendors and key contractors

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How can Nuclear Operators learn from Operating Experience of other stations?

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Operating Experience(OE)

OE Program bears a major role to fulfillWANO’s Mission to maximize the safety andreliability of nuclear power operation

OE Program enables members to learnfrom the operating experience of otherplants to prevent recurrence of similar events

WANO member has dual responsibilities:1. Report events to WANO from its plant2. Utilize experiences of other plants

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Events that happen in plants are recurrent events

There is no new event Many of the events could have been

prevented if event reports of its stationand other stations were read andcountermeasures were taken

Recurrent or Similar Events

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Event Reports: WANO Members report to WANO• EAR (Event Analysis Report) ・・・・・・within 20 weeks• ENR (Event Notification Report) ・・・・ within 4 weeks• MER (Miscellaneous Event Report)

• The reporting criteria of EAR/ENR are listed in OE Reference Manual• MER: Any information other members may like to receive

WANO Reports:OECT summarises the analysis of event reports

OE Products

•SOER (Significant Operating Event Report)

•SER (Significant Event Report)

•Hot Topics•JIT (Just in Time)

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OECT: Operating Experience Central Team in London

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Reporting events “TOP 5” of 2010Design/modification 207 events

reportedSOER 2004-1/SER 2005-3/2009-1

Human performance induced plant transient

168 events reported

SER 2003-7Hot Topics –Error Prevention

Inadequate maintenance or lack of preventive maintenance

156 events reported

Hot Topics –Equipment performance

Outage Activities 102 events reported

SOER 1998-1/2001-1SER2002-2/2004-2

Radiation protection, radioactive waste

94 events reported SOER 2001-1SER 2003-3/2001-2

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How can Nuclear Operators identify ‘weakness’ of the station?

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Peer Review

The Peer Review Program continues to be a key WANO activity.

In 2010, 36 peer reviews, 5 pre-startup peer reviews and 19 follow-up visits were conducted.

All 400 plants in the world completed receiving the first round WANO Peer Review in 2005.

Members continue to express positive feedback on the benefits gained from hosting peer reviews.

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What is a WANO Peer Review?

On request, an international team of experts (called peers) dispatched from WANO members visits a NPP

The review team identifies through observations of actual site activities and interviews with plant staff, ‘Strengths’ and ‘Areas for Improvement’ (AFI).

Scope: a team of 14 to 20 peers for a period of 2 weeks reviews 7 to 10 areas: OA, OP, MA, EN...

Confidentiality:• The review report is a property of WANO and provided only to

WANO and the relevant plant/utility.• Confidentiality fosters open discussion between the review

team and plant personnel, which assures review quality

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Pre-Startup Peer Review To achieve safe and reliable operation of a Near-

term Operating License (NTOL) plant, WANO conducts a Pre-startup Peer Review to identify AFIs on the plant readiness to operate a plant in a safe and reliable manner

Ideally conducted 2 months before fuel loading but not earlier than 6 months

Decision of the basic plan made 16 months before the review

Request of plant information made 6 months before A Pre-visit made 3 months before Standard: WANO PO&Cs + Pre-Startup PO&Cs

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Examples of Areas for ImprovementIdentified by Pre-Startup Peer Review

Operator fundamental behaviors often exhibited in the control room are not consistent with industry best practices in the areas of control room access, use of consoles by non-operational personnel, alarm handling, and supervision of operational activities.

Thorough review of the external operating experience including Significant Operating Experience Reports (SOER) for implementation has not conducted yet. As a result, the station is left vulnerable to the events that have happened before in the nuclear industry.

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The station has not developed a culture that establishes nuclear safety as the overriding priority. Some programs and processes for developing such a culture are not in place or not effectively modifying behaviors to establish a healthy safety culture.

Management observation and coaching in the field are not effective in improving performance in several areas. Also, in some areas, higher standards and clear expectations have not been established.

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Corporate Review

Safety inside a plant is strongly influenced by corporate culture

Corporate review looks at the interactionbetween corporate level and plant level

How corporate sets vision, goals, policiesHow corporate provides resourcesHow corporate exercises oversight

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How can Nuclear Operators

improve their performance?

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Technical Support Mission (TSM)

Small team of experts, usually multi-national Visit to help a plant to solve a defined problem

or weak area

Example topics:- Human performance- Self assessment- Scram reduction- Outage management

WANO conducted worldwide 163 in 2009

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Professional & Technical DevelopmentWorkshops, Seminars and Training

To provide a forum for plant staff to increase their professional knowledge and skills.

To enable members from all the regions to compare their operations and emulate best practice, leading to improved operational performance.

To enable members to share information and practices to assist each other in maintaining high levels of operational safety and reliability

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A team of one station staff visits other station to directly share information

The visit provides an opportunity for staff to observe different approaches to their business, which enables them to reconsider their own practice

It is effective to raise specific areas or themes of interest for information exchange

Exchange Visit

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Good Practice & Guideline

Good Practices are identified:

Presented by members

‘Strengths’ from Peer Reviews Found in presentations at

seminar/workshop

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WANO Guideline

Describes key program elements for management of selected activities in NPP

Do not specify minimum requirements Provide guidance to achieve excellence

by combining and documenting the best expertisein industry

Developed to assist members in meeting WANOPerformance Objectives and Criteria (PO & C)

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WANO developed a set of PIs All plants must report quarterly data on

11 indicators PIs were intended for use as a management tool

To monitor their own performance and progressTo set their goals for improvement

Use of PIs will encourage emulation of the best industry performance and motivate improved NPPoperation

Annual report called PI Trifold is available

Performance Indicators (PI)

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When you think your plant is safe, safety startsdecaying from that point;

Self-satisfaction destroys safety cultureModesty is essential;

It is the surest way to learn from the mistakes ofothers before you face one;

Unfailing efforts for safety is the essence of participation in WANO activities.

Safety Culture is a Daily Thing

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World Association of Nuclear Operators

Address: Cavendish Court 11-15 Wigmore StreetLondon W1F,U.K. Tel: +44 20 7478 9200Fax:+44 20 9495 4502

tact: Jean-Marie Baggio, Pre-Startup Group [email protected]